Miniaturized directional antenna for VDES system

Abstract

The invention discloses a miniaturized directional antenna for a VDES system, and belongs to the field of antennae, the miniaturized directional antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, and two side surfaces of the dielectric substrate are respectively provided with a first metal patch and a second metal patch; the first metal patch comprises a first main patch and a first bending arm, and the first main patch and the first bending arm are connected and are bent oppositely; the first metal patch comprises a first main patch and a first bending arm, the second metal patch comprises a second main patch and a second bending arm, the second main patch and the second bending arm are connected and bent oppositely, the first main patch and the second main patch are arranged oppositely, and the first bending arm and the second bending arm are arranged symmetrically; the first main patch and the second main patch are both used for being electrically connected with the feed structure, so that the antenna is more convenient to install and use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and in particular relates to a miniaturized directional antenna for a VDES system. Background Art

[0002] The Very high frequency Data Exchange System (VDES) is an enhanced and upgraded version of the Automatic Identification System (AIS). It integrates the existing AIS functions and adds special application messages and broadband VHF data exchange functions. It can effectively alleviate the pressure of existing AIS data communications and meet the needs of all data exchange services between ship and ship, ship to shore, ship to satellite, and shore to satellite. It belongs to the third generation maritime communication system.

[0003] Antennas, as devices for sending and receiving electromagnetic waves, play an important role in communication in VDES systems. Common antennas in VDES systems include Very High Frequency (VHF) antennas and directional antennas. Usually, the directional antennas in VDES systems are Yagi antennas, which have the advantages of high gain and good directional radiation performance. When communicating through Yagi antennas, the stability of signal transmission and the communication quality can be improved. However, traditional Yagi antennas are large in size and weight, making them inconvenient to install and use. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a miniaturized directional antenna for a VDES system. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a miniaturized directional antenna for a VDES system, comprising a dielectric substrate, wherein a first metal patch and a second metal patch are respectively provided on both side surfaces of the dielectric substrate; the first metal patch comprises a first main patch and a first bending arm, the first main patch and the first bending arm are connected and the two are bent relative to each other; the second metal patch comprises a second main patch and a second bending arm, the second main patch and the second bending arm are connected and the two are bent relative to each other, the first main patch and the second main patch are arranged opposite to each other, and the first bending arm and the second bending arm are arranged symmetrically; the first main patch and the second main patch are both used for being electrically connected to a feeding structure.

[0006] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first bending arm includes a horizontal section, a first inclined section, a second inclined section, a third inclined section and an extension section connected in sequence, the horizontal section and the first inclined section are bent relative to each other, the first inclined section and the second inclined section are bent relative to each other, and the third inclined section and the extension section are bent relative to each other; the first main patch is a strip patch, the strip patch is connected to the horizontal section and the angle between the two is a right angle.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, the angle between the first inclined section and the horizontal section is a first angle, and the first angle is 125°-135°; the angle between the first inclined section and the second inclined section is a second angle, and the second angle is 80°-90°; the angle between the second inclined section and the third inclined section is the same as the second angle, the angle between the third inclined section and the extension section is the same as the first angle, and the first inclined section and the third inclined section are parallel to each other.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the length of the horizontal section is 45mm-50mm, the length of the first inclined section is 85mm-95mm, the length of the second inclined section is 95mm-105mm, the length of the third inclined section is 45mm-50mm, the length of the extension section is 95mm-105mm, and the length of the strip patch is 375mm-385mm.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first bending arm further includes a capacitive arm, the capacitive arm and the strip-shaped patch are parallel to each other, and one end of the extension section is connected to the middle position of the capacitive arm.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the second metal patch is the same as that of the first metal patch, and the size of the second metal patch is equal to that of the first metal patch.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, a first cavity for reducing its own weight is opened on the dielectric substrate, and the first metal patch surrounds the outer periphery of the first cavity; a second cavity for reducing its own weight is also opened on the dielectric substrate, and the second metal patch surrounds the outer periphery of the second cavity.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, a director is further provided on the dielectric substrate, and the director and the first metal patch are located on the same plane and are coupled.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, a metal floor is further provided on the dielectric substrate, and the metal floor and the second metal patch are located on the same plane; the metal floor includes a main body and two metal branches, and the two metal branches are respectively connected to the two ends of the main body and are symmetrically arranged.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, a microstrip line for feeding the first main patch and the second main patch is further included.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] In the above scheme of the present application, the directional antenna includes a dielectric substrate, and a first metal patch and a second metal patch are respectively arranged on the two side surfaces of the dielectric substrate. In this way, the signal transmission through the two metal patches can improve the directivity and radiation efficiency of the directional antenna, thereby improving the performance of the directional antenna. The first metal patch includes a first main patch and a first bending arm, the first main patch and the first bending arm are connected and the two are bent relative to each other; the second metal patch includes a second main patch and a second bending arm, the second main patch and the second bending arm are connected and the two are bent relative to each other, the first main patch and the second main patch are arranged relative to each other, and the first bending arm and the second bending arm are arranged symmetrically; the first main patch and the second main patch are both used for electrical connection with the feeding structure. With this structure, the first metal patch and the second metal patch are both bending structures, so the meander technology can be used to effectively extend the path of the current in the antenna, increase the effective length of the antenna, so that the antenna can still maintain the operating frequency unchanged when the size is small, so that the antenna can achieve the design requirements of miniaturization, and then compared with the traditional Yagi antenna, the above directional antenna of the present application can reduce the volume and weight of the antenna, making the antenna installation and use more convenient.

[0017] In addition, when the first metal patch and the second metal patch are respectively arranged on the two side surfaces of the dielectric substrate, the first metal patch and the second metal patch can be made non-coplanar, so that a phase difference can be formed between the first metal patch and the second metal patch, and there is no need to additionally arrange a phase shifter to change the phase difference between the first metal patch and the second metal patch, thereby further improving the convenience of antenna installation and use.

[0018] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a miniaturized directional antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is a front view of a miniaturized directional antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 is a rear view of a miniaturized directional antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 is a reflection coefficient simulation curve diagram of the antenna in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 is a simulation curve diagram of the normalized levels of the E-plane and the H-plane of the antenna in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 is the directional diagram of the antenna in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure numerals: 1-dielectric substrate, 2-first metal patch, 21-first main patch, 22-horizontal section, 23-first inclined section, 24-second inclined section, 25-third inclined section, 26-extension section, 27-capacitive arm, 3-second metal patch, 4-first cavity, 5-second cavity, 6-director, 7-metal floor, 71-main body, 72-metal branch, 8-microstrip line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0027] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 An embodiment of the present invention provides a miniaturized directional antenna for a VDES system, comprising a dielectric substrate 1, on both side surfaces of which a first metal patch 2 and a second metal patch 3 are respectively provided; the first metal patch 2 comprises a first main patch 21 and a first bending arm, the first main patch 21 and the first bending arm are connected and the two are bent relative to each other; the second metal patch 3 comprises a second main patch and a second bending arm, the second main patch 21 and the second bending arm are connected and the two are bent relative to each other, the first main patch 21 and the second main patch are arranged opposite to each other, and the first bending arm and the second bending arm are arranged symmetrically; the first main patch 21 and the second main patch are both used for being electrically connected to a feeding structure.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present application, the above-mentioned directional antenna in this embodiment is a microstrip quasi-Yagi antenna. As a classic directional antenna, the microstrip quasi-Yagi antenna combines the advantages of microstrip antenna and Yagi antenna, and has the advantages of high gain, good directional radiation characteristics, light weight, low profile, small scattering cross-section, etc. It has been widely used in satellite communications, spectrum environment detection, weapon fuses and other fields.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present application, the dielectric substrate 1 has a length of 700 mm, a height of 550 mm, and a width of 4 mm. The dielectric substrate 1 is hexagonal in shape, has a relative dielectric constant of 2.65, and a dielectric loss tangent of 0.001, and is made of F4B material. The F4B material is a composite material based on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and has extremely low dielectric constant and loss tangent values.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present application, the angle between the first main patch 21 and the first bending arm is less than 180°, and the angle between the first main patch 21 and the first bending arm can be one of a right angle, an acute angle and an obtuse angle.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present application, the angle between the second main patch and the second bending arm is less than 180°, and the angle between the second main patch and the second bending arm can be one of a right angle, an acute angle and an obtuse angle.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present application, the dielectric substrate 1 includes a front surface and a rear surface, the first metal patch 2 is disposed on the front surface, and the second metal patch 3 is disposed on the rear surface.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present application, the symmetrical arrangement of the first bending arm and the second bending arm means that along the direction perpendicular to the rear surface of the dielectric substrate 1, the projection of the first bending arm on the rear surface and the second bending arm are symmetrical with respect to the symmetry plane, and the symmetry plane and the rear surface are perpendicular to each other and located in the middle of the first main patch 21. That is, the angle between the first bending arm and the first main patch 21 is equal to the angle between the second bending arm and the second main patch.

[0034] In the above scheme of the present application, the directional antenna includes a dielectric substrate 1, and a first metal patch 2 and a second metal patch 3 are respectively provided on the two side surfaces of the dielectric substrate 1. In this way, by transmitting signals through two metal patches, the directivity and radiation efficiency of the directional antenna can be improved, thereby improving the performance of the directional antenna. The first metal patch 2 includes a first main patch 21 and a first bending arm, the first main patch 21 and the first bending arm are connected and the two are bent relative to each other; the second metal patch 3 includes a second main patch and a second bending arm, the second main patch and the second bending arm are connected and the two are bent relative to each other, the first main patch 21 and the second main patch are arranged relative to each other, and the first bending arm and the second bending arm are arranged symmetrically; the first main patch 21 and the second main patch are both used for electrical connection with the feeding structure. With this structure, the first metal patch 2 and the second metal patch 3 are both bent structures, so the meander technology can be used to effectively extend the path of the current in the antenna and increase the effective length of the antenna, so that the antenna can still maintain the operating frequency unchanged when the size is small, so that the antenna can achieve the design requirements of miniaturization, and then compared with the traditional Yagi antenna, the above-mentioned directional antenna of the present application can reduce the volume and weight of the antenna, making the antenna more convenient to install and use. Among them, the meander technology is a technology used to increase the effective length of the antenna and thus reduce the resonant frequency.

[0035] In addition, when the first metal patch 2 and the second metal patch 3 are respectively arranged on the two side surfaces of the dielectric substrate 1, the first metal patch 2 and the second metal patch 3 can be made non-coplanar, so that a 180° phase difference can be formed between the first metal patch 2 and the second metal patch 3, and there is no need to additionally set up a phase shifter to change the phase difference between the first metal patch 2 and the second metal patch 3, thereby further improving the convenience of antenna installation and use.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first bending arm includes a horizontal section 22, a first inclined section 23, a second inclined section 24, a third inclined section 25 and an extension section 26 connected in sequence, the horizontal section 22 and the first inclined section 23 are relatively bent, the first inclined section 23 and the second inclined section 24 are relatively bent, and the third inclined section 25 and the extension section 26 are relatively bent; the first main patch 21 is a strip patch, the strip patch is connected to the horizontal section 22 and the angle between the two is a right angle. With this structure, when the horizontal section 22 and the first inclined section 23 are relatively bent, the first inclined section 23 and the second inclined section 24 are relatively bent, and the third inclined section 25 and the extension section 26 are relatively bent, through multiple bending sections, the meander technology can be used to further effectively extend the path of the current in the antenna, increase the effective length of the antenna, so that the antenna can still maintain the operating frequency unchanged when the size is small, so that the antenna can achieve the design requirements of miniaturization. At the same time, the layout of the antenna can be optimized to make full use of the space on the dielectric substrate 1.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present application, the angle between the first inclined section 23 and the horizontal section 22 is the first angle, the first angle is 125°-135°, the angle between the first inclined section 23 and the second inclined section 24 is the second angle, the second angle is 80°-90°; the angle between the second inclined section 24 and the third inclined section 25 is the same as the second angle, the angle between the third inclined section 25 and the extension section 26 is the same as the first angle, and the first inclined section 23 and the third inclined section 25 are parallel to each other. With this structure, the bending angle of each bending structure is large, the spacing between the two bending sections of the bending structure can be increased, and the mutual influence of the two bending sections when the distance is close can be avoided. At the same time, multiple bending sections can be realized to effectively extend the path of the current in the antenna and increase the effective length of the antenna.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present application, the angle between the first inclined section 23 and the horizontal section 22 can be 132°, the angle between the first inclined section 23 and the second inclined section 24 can be 84°, the angle between the second inclined section 24 and the third inclined section 25 can be 132°, and the angle between the third inclined section 25 and the extension section 26 can be 84°.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present application, the length of the horizontal section 22 is 45mm-50mm, the length of the first inclined section 23 is 85mm-95mm, the length of the second inclined section 24 is 95mm-105mm, the length of the third inclined section 25 is 45mm-50mm, the length of the extension section 26 is 95mm-105mm, and the length of the strip patch is 375mm-385mm. With this structure, the lengths of the horizontal section 22, the first inclined section 23, the second inclined section 24, the third inclined section 25 and the extension section 26 are optimized, which can avoid the horizontal section 22, the first inclined section 23, the second inclined section 24, the third inclined section 25 and the extension section 26 being too long to increase the occupied space of the metal patch, and can also avoid the horizontal section 22, the first inclined section 23, the second inclined section 24, the third inclined section 25 and the extension section 26 being too short to reduce the communication performance of the metal patch.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present application, the length of the horizontal section 22 can be 47 mm, the length of the first inclined section 23 is 90 mm, the length of the second inclined section 24 is 100 mm, the length of the third inclined section 25 is 47 mm, the length of the extension section 26 is 100 mm, and the length of the strip patch is 100 mm.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present application, the horizontal section 22 , the first inclined section 23 , the second inclined section 24 , the third inclined section 25 , the extension section 26 , and the capacitive arm 27 have the same width, which is 11 mm.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present application, the horizontal section 22 , the first inclined section 23 , the second inclined section 24 , the third inclined section 25 , the extension section 26 , and the capacitive arm 27 have the same thickness, which is 0.01 mm.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present application, the first bending arm further includes a capacitive arm 27, the capacitive arm 27 and the strip patch are parallel to each other, and one end of the extension section 26 is connected to the middle position of the capacitive arm 27. Capacitive loading can be achieved through the capacitive arm 27, so that the size of the directional antenna can be further reduced, so that the directional antenna can meet the design requirements of miniaturization.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present application, the length of the capacitive arm 27 is 80 mm.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 3As shown, the shape of the second metal patch 3 is the same as that of the first metal patch 2, and the size of the second metal patch 3 is equal to that of the first metal patch 2. That is, the second metal patch 3 can also be composed of a horizontal section, a first inclined section, a second inclined section, a third inclined section, an extension section, and a capacitive arm. With this structure, the shape and size of the second metal patch 3 can be optimized to ensure that the miniaturized directional antenna has good communication quality.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 4 The simulation curve of the reflection coefficient of the antenna is shown in Figure 4 It can be seen that the frequency range in which the antenna reflection loss is lower than -10dB is 148MHz-173.88MHz. Therefore, the directional antenna in the embodiment of the present application has good performance below -10dB and can be applied to very high frequency communications. Figure 5 The simulation curve diagram of the normalized level of the E-plane and H-plane of the antenna is shown. The dotted line in the figure represents the H-plane, and the dotted line represents the E-plane. Figure 5 It can be seen that at all angles, the gain of the H plane is greater than the gain of the E plane. Therefore, the directional antenna in the embodiment of the present application has good gain and directivity. Figure 6 shows the antenna pattern, given by Figure 6 It can be seen that the directional antenna in the embodiment of the present application has good gain and directivity. Therefore, when the directional antenna of the present application is used, the antenna can be miniaturized by the bending structure, and the shape and size of the directional antenna can be optimized to make the directional antenna have good gain and directivity.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present application, a first cavity 4 for reducing its own weight is provided on the dielectric substrate 1, and the first metal patch 2 surrounds the outer periphery of the first cavity 4; a second cavity 5 for reducing its own weight is also provided on the dielectric substrate 1, and the second metal patch 3 surrounds the outer periphery of the second cavity 5. With this structure, the weight of the directional antenna can be reduced by providing the first cavity 4 and the second cavity 5, so that the directional antenna can be lightweight.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, the first cavity 4 and the second cavity 5 are both rectangular in shape, the length of the first cavity 4 is 280 mm, and the height of the first cavity 4 is 240 mm; the length of the second cavity 5 is 280 mm, and the height of the second cavity 5 is 240 mm.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present application, a director 6 is further provided on the dielectric substrate 1, and the director 6 and the first metal patch 2 are located on the same plane and are coupled. With this structure, the directional antenna can concentrate the electromagnetic wave energy to the main oscillator of the antenna through the director 6, thereby enhancing the receiving or transmitting capability of the antenna, and further enhancing the signal and improving the gain of the antenna.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present application, the director 6 is a strip-shaped metal strip, and the strip-shaped metal strip can be coupled to the first metal patch 2 .

[0051] In some embodiments of the present application, the length of the director 6 is 450 mm, and the length direction of the main patch of the first metal patch 2 is located in the middle of the director 6 .

[0052] In some embodiments of the present application, the directional antenna of the present application optimizes the structure and size of the metal patch based on the Yagi antenna, and the overall structure is simpler, the processing difficulty is smaller, the cost is lower, and the directionality is better, which can meet the special needs of maritime communications.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present application, a metal floor 7 is further provided on the dielectric substrate 1, and the metal floor 7 and the second metal patch 3 are located on the same plane; the metal floor 7 includes a main body 71 and two metal branches 72, and the two metal branches 72 are respectively connected to the two ends of the main body 71 and are symmetrically arranged. With this structure, the second metal patch 3 can be grounded through the metal floor 7; the two metal branches 72 can form symmetrical branches, so that the radiation pattern of the antenna can be optimized, unnecessary radiation can be reduced, and the efficiency of the antenna can be improved, thereby enhancing the directivity, gain and frequency response of the antenna.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present application, the main board body 71 may have a length of 700 mm, a width of 30 mm, and a thickness of 0.01 mm, and the metal branch 72 may have a length of 150 mm and a width of 12 mm.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 As shown, the directional antenna also includes a microstrip line 8 for feeding the first main patch 21 and the second main patch. With this structure, the first main patch 21 and the second main patch are fed through the microstrip line 8, so that the first metal patch 2 and the second metal patch 3 can generate electromagnetic wave signals.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present application, the microstrip line 8 is disposed at the bottom of the dielectric substrate 1 , and two ends of the microstrip line 8 are respectively connected to the first main patch 21 and the second main patch.

[0057] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0058] In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first", "second", and "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0059] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0060] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A miniaturized directional antenna for a VDES system, characterized in that: It comprises a dielectric substrate, and a first metal patch and a second metal patch are respectively provided on two side surfaces of the dielectric substrate; The first metal patch includes a first main patch and a first bending arm, the first main patch and the first bending arm are connected and bent relative to each other; The second metal patch includes a second main patch and a second bending arm, the second main patch and the second bending arm are connected and bent relative to each other, the first main patch and the second main patch are arranged relative to each other, and the first bending arm and the second bending arm are arranged symmetrically; The first main patch and the second main patch are both used to be electrically connected to the feeding structure.

2. The miniaturized directional antenna for a VDES system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first bending arm comprises a horizontal section, a first inclined section, a second inclined section, a third inclined section and an extension section connected in sequence, the horizontal section and the first inclined section are relatively bent, the first inclined section and the second inclined section are relatively bent, and the third inclined section and the extension section are relatively bent; The first main patch is a strip-shaped patch, and the strip-shaped patch is connected to the horizontal segment, and the angle between the strip-shaped patch and the horizontal segment is a right angle.

3. The miniaturized directional antenna for a VDES system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle between the first inclined section and the horizontal section is a first angle, the first angle is 125°-135°, the angle between the first inclined section and the second inclined section is a second angle, the second angle is 80°-90°; The angle between the second inclined section and the third inclined section is the same as the second angle, the angle between the third inclined section and the extension section is the same as the first angle, and the first inclined section and the third inclined section are parallel to each other.

4. The miniaturized directional antenna for a VDES system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the horizontal section is 45mm-50mm, the length of the first inclined section is 85mm-95mm, the length of the second inclined section is 95mm-105mm, the length of the third inclined section is 45mm-50mm, the length of the extension section is 95mm-105mm, and the length of the strip patch is 375mm-385mm.

5. The miniaturized directional antenna for a VDES system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first bending arm also includes a capacitive arm, the capacitive arm and the strip-shaped patch are parallel to each other, and one end of the extension section is connected to the middle position of the capacitive arm.

6. The miniaturized directional antenna for a VDES system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shape of the second metal patch is the same as that of the first metal patch, and the size of the second metal patch is equal to that of the first metal patch.

7. The miniaturized directional antenna for a VDES system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dielectric substrate is provided with a first cavity for reducing its own weight, and the first metal patch surrounds the outer periphery of the first cavity; The dielectric substrate is also provided with a second cavity for reducing its own weight, and the second metal patch surrounds the outer periphery of the second cavity.

8. The miniaturized directional antenna for a VDES system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A director is also provided on the dielectric substrate. The director and the first metal patch are located on the same plane and are coupled.

9. The miniaturized directional antenna for a VDES system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A metal floor is also provided on the dielectric substrate, and the metal floor and the second metal patch are located on the same plane; The metal floor comprises a main board body and two metal branches, wherein the two metal branches are respectively connected to two ends of the main board body and are symmetrically arranged.

10. The miniaturized directional antenna for a VDES system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is a microstrip line for feeding the first main patch and the second main patch.

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