Time delay estimation method of antenna array receiving signal applied to deep space exploration

Abstract

The invention discloses an antenna array signal receiving time delay estimation method applied to deep space exploration, and the method comprises the steps: all antennas in an antenna array and a far-end reference antenna receive signals transmitted by the same deep space target at the same time, and obtaining the equipment time delay of each antenna in the antenna array according to the position information of the deep space target and each antenna; according to the device time delay of each antenna in the antenna array, obtaining the time delay of each antenna receiving a signal in the antenna array; the time delay comprises space time delay and equipment time delay; the space time delay is the time delay of the deep space target arriving at the antenna; the equipment time delay is the time delay of the signal from the antenna to the array signal synthesis equipment. The method provided by the invention is simple and reliable, is convenient to implement, and can meet the calibration requirement of the relative delay inequality of each antenna participating in the arraying without adding any external equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of antenna array technology, and in particular to a method for estimating the time delay of an antenna array receiving signal applied to deep space exploration. Background Art

[0002] Since the targets of deep space exploration are far away, the signals transmitted from deep space targets to ground observation stations are very weak. In order to ensure that ground antennas can receive data from deep space exploration, receiving antennas generally use two technical solutions. One is to build a large-aperture antenna. The other is to build multiple small-aperture antennas and synthesize the signals received by these small-aperture antennas into an equivalent large-aperture antenna receiving signal through the antenna array method. Since small-aperture antenna arrays have the characteristics of low construction cost, simple equipment maintenance and flexible use, they are increasingly valued in deep space exploration technology and have become a hot area in deep space exploration technology in recent years. In the antenna array system of the deep space exploration system, a key point in the signal synthesis technology of the array antenna is the calibration of the device delay of each antenna participating in the array. The current calibration method of device delay is complex in calculation, requires additional calibration equipment, and is costly. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention proposes a method for estimating the time delay difference of antenna equipment of an antenna array used for deep space exploration, which can meet the needs of deep space exploration, is simple and reliable, and easy to implement. It does not require any external equipment and can meet the calibration requirements of the relative time delay differences of each antenna participating in the array. It is convenient to design an antenna array system that meets the system indicator requirements of deep space exploration in engineering practice.

[0004] The present invention discloses a method for estimating the time delay of an antenna array receiving signal applied to deep space exploration, which comprises:

[0005] Step 1: All antennas in the antenna array and the remote reference antenna simultaneously receive the signal transmitted by the same deep space target, and obtain the device delay of each antenna in the antenna array according to the position information of the deep space target and each antenna;

[0006] Step 2: Based on the device delay to each antenna in the antenna array, obtain the delay of each antenna in the antenna array receiving the signal; this delay includes space delay and device delay; space delay is the delay of deep space target reaching the antenna; device delay is the delay of signal from antenna to array signal synthesis device.

[0007] Furthermore, the step 1 comprises:

[0008] Step 11: perform interference measurement on each antenna in the antenna array and the remote reference antenna to obtain the relative device delay difference between each antenna and the remote reference antenna;

[0009] Step 12: Normalize the obtained relative device delay difference to obtain the device delay of each antenna in the antenna array.

[0010] Furthermore, the step 11 comprises:

[0011] Assume that the antenna array has a total of n receiving antennas, namely A1 to An. Select a known deep-space radio source and use the remote reference antenna B as a reference. Use antennas A1 to An to cooperate with the remote reference antenna B to perform interferometric measurement on the deep-space radio source. The relative device delay difference between each antenna in the antenna array and the remote reference antenna B is obtained:

[0012] Δτ A1B =Δτ A1 -Δτ B

[0013] ………

[0014] Δτ AnB =Δτ An -Δτ B

[0015] Among them, Δτ A1 is the device delay of antenna A1; Δτ B is the equipment delay of the remote reference antenna B; Δτ A1B is the relative equipment delay difference between antenna A1 and remote reference antenna B; Δτ An is the device delay of antenna An; Δτ AnB is the relative equipment delay difference between antenna An and remote reference antenna B.

[0016] Further, the step 12 comprises:

[0017] Select the normalization value Δτ k :

[0018] Δτ k =min(Δτ A1B ,…,Δτ AnB )

[0019] Among them, Δτ k is Δτ A1B ,…,Δτ AnB The minimum value in corresponds to the relative device delay difference Δτ between the antenna Ak in the antenna array and the remote reference antenna B. AkB ;

[0020] Δτ is calculated by the following formula A1B ,…,Δτ AnB Perform normalization to obtain the device delay of each antenna in the antenna array:

[0021] ΔτA1_1 =Δτ A1B -Δτ k =Δτ A1 -Δτ Ak

[0022] ………

[0023] Δτ Ak_1 =Δτ AkB -Δτ k =0

[0024] ………

[0025] Δτ An_1 =Δτ AnB -Δτ k =Δτ An -Δτ Ak

[0026] Among them, Δτ Ak_1 is the device delay of the kth antenna Ak.

[0027] Furthermore, the step 2 comprises:

[0028] Step 21: Select an antenna from the antenna array as a reference antenna, and calculate the relative spatial delay of the received signals of the remaining antennas in the antenna array relative to the received signal of the reference antenna;

[0029] Step 22: According to the device delay to each antenna in the antenna array and the relative spatial delay of each antenna receiving the signal, the delay of each antenna in the antenna array receiving the signal is obtained.

[0030] Furthermore, the step 21 comprises:

[0031] Step 211: Select the i-th antenna Ak in the antenna array as the reference antenna. The relative spatial delay of the signal received by the antenna Ak is zero. The relative spatial delay of the signal received by the antenna Ak is Δτ. 1k for:

[0032]

[0033] Among them, L A is the distance between antenna A1 and antenna Ak, θ is the angle between the direction of the antenna wave and the line connecting A1 and Ak, and c is the speed of light;

[0034] Step 212: By analogy with step 211, the relative spatial delays of all antennas in the antenna array are obtained respectively.

[0035] Further, the step 22 comprises:

[0036] Step 221: The device delay of antenna A1 is ΔτA1_1 , the device delay of antenna Ak is Δτ Ak_1 , thus obtaining the delay t1 of the signal received by antenna A1 and the delay t2 of the signal received by antenna Ak. k :

[0037] t1=Δτ 1k +Δτ A1_1

[0038] t k =Δτ Ak_1

[0039] Step 222: By analogy with step 221, the time delays of all antennas in the antenna array receiving signals are obtained respectively.

[0040] Furthermore, after step 2, the method further includes:

[0041] Step 3: Obtain the signal received by each antenna according to the time delay of each antenna in the antenna array receiving the signal;

[0042] Step 4: Synthesize the signals received by each antenna to obtain a synthesized signal.

[0043] Furthermore, the step 3 comprises:

[0044] The antenna array has a total of n receiving antennas, namely A1 to An, and the n antennas are simultaneously pointed at the same deep space target. Suppose the signal transmitted by the deep space target is s(t), then the signal received by the kth antenna Ak is s k (t) = s(tt k ), where s k (t) is the signal received by antenna Ak, t k is the time delay of the antenna Ak receiving the signal, and the value of k ranges from 1 to n.

[0045] Furthermore, the step 4 comprises:

[0046] Take t1,…,t n The maximum value T max :

[0047] T max =max(t1, ..., t n )

[0048] The delay compensation value of antenna Ak is obtained by the following formula:

[0049]

[0050] The synthetic signal s of the antenna array is obtained by the following formula: 合成 (t):

[0051]

[0052] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages: the method of the present invention is simple, reliable and easy to implement, and can meet the needs of estimating the time delay difference of the antenna array for deep space exploration in engineering practice. The method can be used to design a deep space exploration antenna array system that meets the index requirements in engineering practice. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0054] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a deep space detection antenna array principle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another deep space detection antenna array principle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a very long baseline interferometry measurement principle for deep space exploration according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of another very long baseline interferometry measurement principle for deep space exploration according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a time delay estimation method for a deep space exploration antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The present invention is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, and the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field should fall within the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0060] The present application provides an embodiment of a method for estimating the time delay of a signal received by an antenna array for deep space exploration, which includes:

[0061] Step 1: All antennas in the antenna array and the remote reference antenna simultaneously receive the signal transmitted by the same deep space target, and obtain the device delay of each antenna in the antenna array according to the position information of the deep space target and each antenna;

[0062] Step 2: Based on the device delay to each antenna in the antenna array, obtain the delay of each antenna in the antenna array receiving the signal; this delay includes space delay and device delay; space delay is the delay of deep space target reaching the antenna; device delay is the delay of signal from antenna to array signal synthesis device.

[0063] In one embodiment of the present application, step 1 includes:

[0064] Step 11: perform interference measurement on each antenna in the antenna array and the remote reference antenna to obtain the relative device delay difference between each antenna and the remote reference antenna;

[0065] Step 12: Normalize the obtained relative device delay difference to obtain the device delay of each antenna in the antenna array.

[0066] In one embodiment of the present application, step 11 includes:

[0067] Assume that the antenna array has a total of n receiving antennas, namely A1 to An. Select a known deep-space radio source and use the remote reference antenna B as a reference. Use antennas A1 to An to cooperate with the remote reference antenna B to perform interferometric measurement on the deep-space radio source. The relative device delay difference between each antenna in the antenna array and the remote reference antenna B is obtained:

[0068] Δτ A1B =Δτ A1 -Δτ B

[0069] ………

[0070] Δτ AnB =Δτ An -Δτ B

[0071] Among them, Δτ A1 is the device delay of antenna A1; Δτ B is the equipment delay of the remote reference antenna B; Δτ A1B is the relative equipment delay difference between antenna A1 and remote reference antenna B; Δτ An is the device delay of antenna An; Δτ AnB is the relative equipment delay difference between antenna An and remote reference antenna B.

[0072] In one embodiment of the present application, step 12 includes:

[0073] Select the normalization value Δτ k :

[0074] Δτ k =min(Δτ A1B ,…,Δτ AnB )

[0075] Among them, Δτ k is Δτ A1B ,…,Δτ AnB The minimum value in corresponds to the relative device delay difference Δτ between the antenna Ak in the antenna array and the remote reference antenna B. AkB ;

[0076] Δτ is calculated by the following formula A1B ,…,Δτ AnB Perform normalization to obtain the device delay of each antenna in the antenna array:

[0077] Δτ A1_1 =Δτ A1B -Δτ k =Δτ A1 -Δτ Ak

[0078] ………

[0079] Δτ Ak_1 =Δτ AkB -Δτ k =0

[0080] ………

[0081] Δτ An_1 =Δτ AnB -Δτ k =Δτ An -Δτ Ak

[0082] Among them, Δτ Ak_1 is the device delay of the kth antenna Ak.

[0083] In one embodiment of the present application, step 2 includes:

[0084] Step 21: Select an antenna from the antenna array as a reference antenna, and calculate the relative spatial delay of the received signals of the remaining antennas in the antenna array relative to the received signal of the reference antenna;

[0085] Step 22: According to the device delay to each antenna in the antenna array and the relative spatial delay of each antenna receiving the signal, the delay of each antenna in the antenna array receiving the signal is obtained.

[0086] In one embodiment of the present application, step 21 includes:

[0087] Step 211: Select the i-th antenna Ak in the antenna array as the reference antenna. The relative spatial delay of the signal received by the antenna Ak is zero. The relative spatial delay of the signal received by the antenna Ak is Δτ. 1k for:

[0088]

[0089] Among them, L A is the distance between antenna A1 and antenna Ak, θ is the angle between the direction of the antenna wave and the line connecting A1 and Ak, and c is the speed of light;

[0090] Step 212: By analogy with step 211, the relative spatial delays of all antennas in the antenna array are obtained respectively.

[0091] In one embodiment of the present application, step 22 includes:

[0092] Step 221: The device delay of antenna A1 is Δτ A1_1 , the device delay of antenna Ak is Δτ Ak_1 , thus obtaining the delay t1 of the signal received by antenna A1 and the delay t2 of the signal received by antenna Ak. k :

[0093] t1=Δτ 1k +Δτ A1_1

[0094] t k =Δτ Ak_1

[0095] Step 222: By analogy with step 221, the time delays of all antennas in the antenna array receiving signals are obtained respectively.

[0096] In one embodiment of the present application, after step 2, the following steps are further included:

[0097] Step 3: Obtain the signal received by each antenna according to the time delay of each antenna in the antenna array receiving the signal;

[0098] Step 4: Synthesize the signals received by each antenna to obtain a synthesized signal.

[0099] In one embodiment of the present application, step 3 includes:

[0100] The antenna array has a total of n receiving antennas, namely A1 to An, and the n antennas are simultaneously pointed at the same deep space target. Suppose the signal transmitted by the deep space target is s(t), then the signal received by the kth antenna Ak is s k (t) = s(tt k ), where s k (t) is the signal received by antenna Ak, t k is the time delay of the antenna Ak receiving the signal, and the value of k ranges from 1 to n.

[0101] In one embodiment of the present application, step 4 includes:

[0102] Take t1,…,t n The maximum value T max :

[0103] T max =max(t1, ..., t n )

[0104] The delay compensation value of antenna Ak is obtained by the following formula:

[0105]

[0106] The synthetic signal s of the antenna array is obtained by the following formula: 合成 (t):

[0107]

[0108] For ease of understanding, the present application provides a more specific embodiment:

[0109] In order to reduce construction costs and increase application flexibility, multiple medium-aperture antennas are usually set up in the same ground receiving station to form an antenna array to receive signals from deep space targets, and the signals received by these antenna arrays are synthesized so that the array signal synthesized by the array is equivalent to the signal received by a large-aperture antenna. Figure 1 , Figure 2 ,like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, n receiving antennas A1 to An are set in the station and pointed at the deep space target at the same time. Assume that the signal transmitted by the deep space target is s(t). Due to the difference in paths and the time delay of the equipment itself, the signals received by the n receiving antennas are s1(t) = s(t-t1), ..., s n (t) = s(tt n ), where s1(t) is the signal received by antenna A1, and t1 is the delay of the signal received by antenna A1; s n (t) is the signal received by the antenna, t n is the delay of the signal received by antenna An. The antenna array signal synthesis algorithm is as follows:

[0110] a) First, take t1, ..., t n The maximum value T max as follows:

[0111] T max =max(t1, ..., t n )

[0112] b) Obtain the delay compensation value of antenna Ak according to the following algorithm:

[0113]

[0114] Among them, t k is the delay of the signal received by antenna Ak.

[0115] c) The synthetic signal s of the antenna array 合成 (t) is obtained by the following algorithm:

[0116]

[0117] Therefore, as mentioned above, the key point of antenna array synthesis is to obtain the time delay of the signal received by each antenna.

[0118] The time delay from the signal of the deep space target to each antenna of the antenna array can be divided into two parts. One is the spatial delay, that is, the delay of the signal reaching the antenna aperture through the space propagation path. The other is the equipment delay, that is, the delay of the signal from the antenna aperture to the array signal synthesis device. Since the distance between the deep space target and the antenna is much greater than the distance between the array antennas (the distance of the deep space target is generally greater than or equal to the distance from the moon to the earth, and the distance between the array antennas is generally not more than a few hundred meters), the signal of the deep space target can be regarded as a plane wave when it reaches the antenna. Therefore, when considering the problem of spatial delay, it is not necessary to calculate the absolute delay from the deep space target to each antenna, but only the relative spatial delay difference between each antenna needs to be considered. Since the position of the antenna array is fixed and the orientation of the deep space target is also known, the relative spatial delay of the antenna array can be calculated in advance. To simplify the explanation, an antenna array consisting of two antennas is used, and it is assumed that the deep space target and the antenna are in the same plane. Other situations can be analyzed in a similar way.

[0119] like Figure 2 As shown, let's consider the signal delay between antenna A1 and antenna A2. The dotted line r is a straight line starting from the antenna A2 aperture and perpendicular to the incoming wave direction of the plane wave signal. Therefore, with antenna A2 as a reference, the relative spatial delay of the signal received by antenna A2 is zero. The distance between antenna A1 and antenna A2 is L A , the angle between the antenna wave direction and the line connecting A1 and A2 is θ. Then the relative spatial delay Δτ of the signal received by antenna A1 is 12 for:

[0120]

[0121] Where c is the speed of light.

[0122] The device delay of antenna A1 can be set to Δτ A1 , the device delay of antenna A2 is Δτ A2 , from which we can get:

[0123] t1=Δτ 12 +ΔτA1

[0124] t2=Δτ A2

[0125] According to the above analysis, the key issue of deep space exploration antenna array is how to obtain the device delay of each antenna in the antenna array.

[0126] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) is a commonly used technique in deep space exploration. The distance between the two antennas involved in interferometry is generally several thousand to tens of thousands of kilometers (interference baseline length). Figure 3 As shown, the two interferometric antennas A and B are located at two different points on the earth, where L B is the interference baseline length. When two antennas are simultaneously aimed at a radio source in deep space, they receive the radio radiation of the radio source together. Since the radio source being observed is generally a very distant extragalactic body, it can be considered that the radio waves it radiates are approximately a plane wave when they reach the earth. The relative signal delay time Δt between the two antennas A and B can be obtained by cross-correlating the same wavefront signal received by the antennas at the two stations and observing whether the interference ripple appears. s :

[0127] Δt s =(Δt AB +Δτ A )-Δτ B

[0128] Among them, Δτ A and Δτ B are the device delays of antenna A and antenna B respectively; Δt AB is the relative spatial delay between antenna A and antenna B, Δt AB It can be calculated according to the following algorithm:

[0129]

[0130] Where c is the speed of light, and ΔR is the one-way distance difference between the radio source and the two antennas, which is known. From this, the device delay difference Δτ between the two antennas A and B can be calculated AB for:

[0131] Δτ AB =Δt s -Δt AB =Δτ A -Δτ B

[0132] The Δt obtained by the very long baseline interferometry technique sThe precision can be less than 1ns, so it is guaranteed that the device delay difference Δτ between the two antennas A and B can be measured by this method. AB The precision can reach 1ns.

[0133] like Figure 4 As shown, in the very long baseline interferometry measurement, both antennas A and B receive amplified signals and down-convert the signals into intermediate frequency signals, and then record them on a tape or hard disk recording device. Finally, the data recorded by the two antennas are sent to the VLBI correlation processor for interference processing, and finally interference fringes are formed to obtain the time delay difference of the received signals of the two antennas.

[0134] See also Figure 5 ,like Figure 5 As shown, when estimating the device delay difference for each antenna A1, ..., An of the antenna array, first select a remote deep space detection antenna B as a reference, and select a known deep space radio source. Use antennas A1 to An to cooperate with antenna B to perform interferometric measurement on the radio source, and according to the method described above, obtain the relative device delay difference between each antenna of the antenna array and the remote reference antenna B:

[0135] Δτ A1B =Δτ A1 -Δτ B

[0136] ………

[0137] Δτ AnB =Δτ An -Δτ B

[0138] Among them, Δτ A1 is the device delay of antenna A1; Δτ B is the equipment delay of the remote reference antenna B; Δτ A1B is the equipment delay difference between antenna A1 and remote reference antenna B; Δτ An is the device delay of antenna An; Δτ AnB is the relative equipment delay difference between antenna An and remote reference antenna B.

[0139] For the obtained Δτ A1B ,…,Δτ AnB Normalization is performed to obtain the device delay of each antenna in the antenna array. The algorithm is as follows:

[0140] a) Take the normalized value:

[0141] Δτ k =min(Δτ A1B , …, Δτ AnB )

[0142] Among them, ΔτA is Δτ A1B , …, Δτ AnB The minimum value in corresponds to the relative device delay difference between antenna Ak in the antenna array and the remote reference antenna B.

[0143] b) For Δτ A1B , …, Δτ AnB The device delay of each antenna in the antenna array is obtained by normalizing according to the following algorithm:

[0144] Δτ A1_1 =Δτ A1B -Δτ k =Δτ A1 -Δτ Ak

[0145] ………

[0146] Δτ Ak_1 =Δτ AkB -Δτ k =0

[0147] ………

[0148] Δτ An_1 =Δτ AnB -Δτ k =Δτ An -Δτ Ak

[0149] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for estimating the time delay of an antenna array receiving signal applied to deep space exploration, characterized in that: include: Step 1: All antennas in the antenna array and the remote reference antenna simultaneously receive the signal transmitted by the same deep space target, and obtain the device delay of each antenna in the antenna array according to the position information of the deep space target and each antenna; Step 2: According to the device delay to each antenna in the antenna array, the delay of each antenna in the antenna array receiving the signal is obtained; the delay includes spatial delay and device delay; Space delay is the delay for deep space targets to reach the antenna; device delay is the delay for signals from the antenna to the array signal synthesis device.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step 1 comprises: Step 11: perform interference measurement on each antenna in the antenna array and the remote reference antenna to obtain the relative device delay difference between each antenna and the remote reference antenna; Step 12: Normalize the obtained relative device delay difference to obtain the device delay of each antenna in the antenna array.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The step 11 comprises: Assume that the antenna array has a total of n receiving antennas, namely A1 to An. Select a known deep-space radio source and use the remote reference antenna B as a reference. Use antennas A1 to An to cooperate with the remote reference antenna B to perform interferometric measurement on the deep-space radio source. The relative device delay difference between each antenna in the antenna array and the remote reference antenna B is obtained: Dt A1B =Dt A1 -Dt B … … … Dt AnB =Dt An -Dt B Among them, Δτ A1 is the device delay of antenna A1; Δτ B is the equipment delay of the remote reference antenna B; Δτ A1B is the relative equipment delay difference between antenna A1 and remote reference antenna B; Δτ An is the device delay of antenna An; Δτ AnB is the relative equipment delay difference between antenna An and remote reference antenna B.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The step 12 comprises: Select the normalization value Δτ k : Dt k =min(Δτ A1B ,…,Dt AnB ) Among them, Δτ k is Δτ A1B , …, Δτ AnB The minimum value in corresponds to the relative device delay difference Δτ between the antenna Ak in the antenna array and the remote reference antenna B. AkB ; Δτ is calculated by the following formula A1B ,…,Δτ AnB Perform normalization to obtain the device delay of each antenna in the antenna array: Dt A1_1 =Dt A1B -Dt k =Dt A1 -Dt Ak … … … Dt Ak_1 =Dt AkB -Dt k =0 … … … Dt An_1 =Dt AnB -Dt k =Dt An -Dt Ak Among them, Δτ Ak_1 is the device delay of the kth antenna Ak.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step 2 comprises: Step 21: Select an antenna from the antenna array as a reference antenna, and calculate the relative spatial delay of the received signals of the remaining antennas in the antenna array relative to the received signal of the reference antenna; Step 22: According to the device delay to each antenna in the antenna array and the relative spatial delay of each antenna receiving the signal, the delay of each antenna receiving the signal in the antenna array is obtained.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The step 21 comprises: Step 211: Select the i-th antenna Ak in the antenna array as the reference antenna. The relative spatial delay of the signal received by the antenna Ak is zero. The relative spatial delay of the signal received by the antenna Ak is Δτ. 1k for: Among them, L A is the distance between antenna A1 and antenna Ak, θ is the angle between the direction of the antenna wave and the line connecting A1 and Ak, and c is the speed of light; Step 212: By analogy with step 211, the relative spatial delays of all antennas in the antenna array are obtained respectively.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The step 22 comprises: Step 221: The device delay of antenna A1 is Δτ A1_1 , the device delay of antenna Ak is Δτ Ak_1 , thus obtaining the delay t1 of the signal received by antenna A1 and the delay t2 of the signal received by antenna Ak. k : t1=Δτ 1k +Δτ A1_1 t k =Dt Ak_1 Step 222: By analogy with step 221, the time delays of all antennas in the antenna array receiving signals are obtained respectively.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: After step 2, the method further includes: Step 3: Obtain the signal received by each antenna according to the time delay of each antenna in the antenna array receiving the signal; Step 4: Synthesize the signals received by each antenna to obtain a synthesized signal.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The step 3 comprises: The antenna array has a total of n receiving antennas, namely A1 to An, and the n antennas are simultaneously pointed at the same deep space target. Suppose the signal transmitted by the deep space target is s(t), then the signal received by the kth antenna Ak is s k (t) = s(tt k ), where s k (t) is the signal received by antenna Ak, t k is the time delay of the antenna Ak receiving the signal, and the value of k ranges from 1 to n.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The step 4 comprises: Take t1,…,t n The maximum value T max : T max =max(t1,…,t n ) The delay compensation value of antenna Ak is obtained by the following formula: The synthetic signal s of the antenna array is obtained by the following formula: 合成 (t):

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