Directional antenna testing method, device, system, chip and medium

Abstract

The present application provides a directional antenna testing method, device, system, chip, and medium. The method includes: based on the simulation results of the maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna in the electronic device, measuring the radiation power of the directional antenna at multiple sampling points on the first spherical cap to obtain multiple first radiation powers, where the first spherical cap is the spherical cap corresponding to the simulation results; obtaining the actual measurement result of the maximum radiation direction based on the maximum value of the multiple first radiation powers; and measuring the OTA index of the directional antenna at multiple sampling points on the second spherical cap, where the second spherical cap is the spherical cap corresponding to the actual measurement result, and the interval between the sampling points on the first spherical cap is greater than or equal to the interval between the sampling points on the second spherical cap. The present application is suitable for describing the performance of a directional antenna by first finding the actual maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna and then measuring the OTA index of the directional antenna in the corresponding spherical cap area based on the maximum value of the multiple first radiation powers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a directional antenna testing method, device, system, chip, and medium. Background Art

[0002] Over-the-Air (OTA) performance is a key indicator for measuring the radio frequency communication capability of electronic products and is usually measured in an electromagnetic anechoic chamber.

[0003] The industry currently has relatively mature measurement methods for omnidirectional antennas. These methods can approximate the OTA performance of omnidirectional antennas through three-dimensional omnidirectional sampling. However, these methods are not suitable for describing the performance of directional antennas. This is because for directional antennas, the primary concern is the OTA performance within a specific spherical cap area. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a directional antenna testing method, device, system, chip and medium. By first finding the actual maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna and then measuring the OTA index of the directional antenna in the corresponding spherical crown area, it is suitable for describing the performance of the directional antenna.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a directional antenna testing method, comprising: measuring the radiation power of the directional antenna at multiple sampling points on a first spherical cap according to a simulation result of the maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna in an electronic device (or called the simulation standard 0°) to obtain multiple first radiation powers, wherein the first spherical cap is the spherical cap corresponding to the simulation result; obtaining the actual measurement result of the maximum radiation direction (or called the actual measurement standard 0°) according to the maximum value of the multiple first radiation powers; measuring the OTA index of the directional antenna at multiple sampling points on the second spherical cap, wherein the second spherical cap is the spherical cap corresponding to the actual measurement result, and the interval between the sampling points on the first spherical cap is greater than or equal to the interval between the sampling points on the second spherical cap.

[0006] This directional antenna testing method first searches for the measured standard 0° based on the simulated standard 0° of the directional antenna's maximum radiation direction, and then measures the OTA indicators of the sampling points in the spherical cap area near this direction with high precision based on the measured standard 0°. This method can realize OTA measurement of directional antennas and is suitable for describing the performance of directional antennas.

[0007] Optionally, based on the maximum value of multiple first radiation powers, the actual measurement result of the maximum radiation direction is obtained, including: based on the maximum value of multiple first radiation powers, measuring the radiation power of the directional antenna at multiple sampling points on the third spherical cap to obtain multiple second radiation powers, wherein the interval between the sampling points on the first spherical cap is greater than the interval between the sampling points on the third spherical cap; wherein the third spherical cap is the spherical cap corresponding to the target radiation direction, and the target radiation direction is the radiation direction of the directional antenna at the sampling point corresponding to the maximum value of the multiple first radiation powers; obtaining the radiation direction of the directional antenna at the sampling point corresponding to the maximum value of the multiple second radiation powers as the actual measurement result.

[0008] By first performing a coarse scan based on the simulated standard 0°, and then performing a fine scan based on the maximum radiation direction indicated by the coarse scan result, a highly accurate measured standard 0° can be obtained. This helps reduce the number of measurements while accurately obtaining the measured standard 0°. Furthermore, by obtaining OTA measurement results for directional antennas based on a highly accurate measured standard 0° scan, the performance of directional antennas can be accurately tested.

[0009] Optionally, the interval between the sampling points on the second spherical cap is equal to the interval between the sampling points on the third spherical cap; measuring the OTA indicators of the directional antenna at multiple sampling points on the second spherical cap includes: measuring the radiation power at the sampling points located on the second spherical cap and not located on the third spherical cap; wherein, the radiation power at the sampling points located on both the second spherical cap and the third spherical cap is not measured repeatedly.

[0010] Through non-repetitive sampling measurement, the test process time can be saved while accurately testing the performance of the directional antenna.

[0011] Optionally, the central angle of the first spherical cap is the main lobe width of the directional antenna. In this way, a lower-precision measured standard of 0° can be obtained based on the simulated coarse scan results. This lower-precision measured standard of 0° can basically reflect the actual maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna, and the coarse scan range does not need to be too large to avoid sampling unnecessary radiation directions.

[0012] Optionally, the directional antenna testing method also includes: measuring the receiving sensitivity of the directional antenna at multiple sampling points on the first spherical crown based on the simulation results; if each measured receiving sensitivity meets the sensitivity requirements, executing the step of obtaining the actual measurement result of the maximum radiation direction based on the maximum value of the multiple first radiation powers.

[0013] By measuring the receiving sensitivity of each sampling point on the corresponding spherical crown according to the simulation standard 0°, a baseline judgment can be made to determine whether the directional antenna has a problem of too low receiving sensitivity in a certain radiation direction. This can simplify the testing process and facilitate accurate testing of directional antenna performance.

[0014] Optionally, the interval between the sampling points on the first spherical cap is greater than the interval between the sampling points on the second spherical cap; based on the maximum value among the multiple first radiation powers, the measured result of the maximum radiation direction is obtained, including: if there is more than one maximum value among the multiple first radiation powers, then from the sampling points corresponding to the more than one maximum value, the sampling point closest to the simulation result is determined; based on the radiation direction of the directional antenna at the nearest sampling point, the measured result is obtained.

[0015] The simulated standard 0° and the actual maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna are usually not much different. Obtaining the measured standard 0° based on the sampling point closest to the simulation result can help obtain a more accurate measured standard 0°.

[0016] Optionally, the electronic device is located in an electromagnetic darkroom, which includes a plurality of polarized antennas distributed in a circular shape; wherein the directional antenna is located at the center of the circle and at the origin of the spatial coordinate system, and the spatial coordinate system includes a first coordinate axis, a second coordinate axis and a third coordinate axis; the step of measuring the radiation power of the directional antenna at any sampling point includes: controlling the posture of the directional antenna so that the relative position relationship between the directional antenna and the polarized antenna used conforms to the spatial coordinates of the sampling point; wherein the spatial coordinates include a first angle between the projection of the line connecting the origin and the sampling point on the target plane and the first coordinate axis, and a second angle between the line connecting the origin and the sampling point and the third coordinate axis; the target plane is the plane where the first coordinate axis and the second coordinate axis are located; and measuring the radiation power of the directional antenna at the sampling point through the polarized antenna used.

[0017] By changing the position of the directional antenna according to the spatial coordinates of the sampling points, it is possible to traverse all the sampling points on the spherical cap without changing the setting position of the circular polarized antenna.

[0018] Optionally, the electromagnetic anechoic chamber further includes a turntable and a rocker, wherein the maximum rocking angle of the rocker is greater than or equal to half of the central angle between adjacent polarized antennas; the turntable is used to drive the directional antenna to rotate so as to change the angle between the projection of the maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna on the target plane and the first coordinate axis; the rocker is used to drive the directional antenna to swing so as to change the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna and the third coordinate axis; the posture of the directional antenna is controlled so that the relative position relationship between the directional antenna and the polarized antenna used conforms to the spatial coordinates of the sampling point, including: controlling the rotation angle of the turntable according to the first angle in the spatial coordinates of the sampling point; controlling the swing angle of the rocker and maintaining or switching the polarized antenna used according to the second angle in the spatial coordinates of the sampling point.

[0019] By controlling the rotation angle of the turntable, the swing angle of the rocker, and the switching of the polarized antennas used according to the spatial coordinates of the sampling points, the relative position relationship between the polarized antennas and the directional antennas used can be made consistent with the spatial coordinates of the sampling points, thereby achieving traversal of all sampling points on the spherical cap.

[0020] In second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a directional antenna testing device, including: a first measurement module, used to measure the radiation power of the directional antenna at multiple sampling points on the first spherical cap based on the simulation results of the maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna in the electronic device to obtain multiple first radiation powers, wherein the first spherical cap is the spherical cap corresponding to the simulation results; an acquisition module, used to obtain the actual measurement results of the maximum radiation direction based on the maximum value of the multiple first radiation powers; a second measurement module, used to measure the OTA indicators of the directional antenna at multiple sampling points on the second spherical cap, wherein the second spherical cap is the spherical cap corresponding to the actual measurement results, and the interval between the sampling points on the first spherical cap is greater than or equal to the interval between the sampling points on the second spherical cap.

[0021] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a directional antenna testing device, comprising: one or more memories for storing computer program instructions, and one or more processors, wherein, when the computer program instructions are executed by one or more processors, the directional antenna testing device is triggered to execute a method as described in any one of the first aspects above.

[0022] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a directional antenna test system, comprising: an electromagnetic anechoic chamber, and a directional antenna test device as described in the second or third aspect above; wherein the electromagnetic anechoic chamber comprises a plurality of polarized antennas distributed in a circular pattern; the electromagnetic anechoic chamber is used to place electronic equipment so that the directional antenna in the electronic equipment is located at the center of the circle and at the origin of a spatial coordinate system, the spatial coordinate system comprising a first coordinate axis, a second coordinate axis, and a third coordinate axis; the step of the directional antenna test device measuring the radiation power of the directional antenna at any sampling point comprises: controlling the posture of the directional antenna so that the relative position relationship between the directional antenna and the polarized antenna used conforms to the spatial coordinates of the sampling point; wherein the spatial coordinates include a first angle between the projection of the line connecting the origin and the sampling point on the target plane and the first coordinate axis, and a second angle between the line connecting the origin and the sampling point and the third coordinate axis; the target plane is the plane where the first coordinate axis and the second coordinate axis are located; and measuring the radiation power of the directional antenna at the sampling point through the polarized antenna used.

[0023] Optionally, the electromagnetic anechoic chamber further includes a turntable and a rocker, wherein the maximum rocking angle of the rocker is greater than or equal to half of the central angle between adjacent polarized antennas; the turntable is used to drive the directional antenna to rotate so as to change the angle between the projection of the maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna on the target plane and the first coordinate axis; the rocker is used to drive the directional antenna to swing so as to change the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna and the third coordinate axis; the posture of the directional antenna is controlled so that the relative position relationship between the directional antenna and the polarized antenna used conforms to the spatial coordinates of the sampling point, including: controlling the rotation angle of the turntable according to the first angle in the spatial coordinates of the sampling point; controlling the swing angle of the rocker and maintaining or switching the polarized antenna used according to the second angle in the spatial coordinates of the sampling point.

[0024] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a chip, comprising: a processor for executing computer program instructions stored in a memory, wherein when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the chip is triggered to execute a method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0025] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored. When the computer program runs on a computer, the computer executes any method as in the first aspect.

[0026] In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program. When the computer program runs on a computer, it enables the computer to execute any method as described in the first aspect.

[0027] The technical effects of the aforementioned aspects can be referenced with each other and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments.

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a spherical cap of a directional antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of sampling point distribution provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a directional antenna testing system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 5A schematic diagram of polarized antenna distribution provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the spatial coordinates of a sampling point provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a directional antenna testing device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a single scanning process provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of an OTA test user interface provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 10 A flowchart of a directional antenna testing method provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] It should be clear that the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0042] It should be understood that the term "at least one" used in this article refers to one or more, and "plurality" refers to two or more. The term "and / or" used in this article is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. Among them, A and B can be singular or plural. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" and similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b and c can be represented by: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0043] It should be understood that although the terms "first," "second," etc. may be used to describe the set thresholds in the embodiments of the present application, these set thresholds should not be limited to these terms. These terms are merely used to distinguish the set thresholds from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present application, the first set threshold may also be referred to as the second set threshold, and similarly, the second set threshold may also be referred to as the first set threshold.

[0044] OTA indicators (such as radiation intensity and receiving sensitivity) are key indicators for measuring the radio frequency communication capabilities of electronic products and are usually measured in an electromagnetic darkroom.

[0045] Electronic devices (such as smartphones, smartwatches, and tablets) are equipped with antennas, which can be either omnidirectional or directional. Omnidirectional antennas offer uniform 360-degree radiation in the horizontal pattern, are non-directional, and have a wide coverage area. Directional antennas, on the other hand, radiate within a specific angle in the horizontal pattern, have directionality, and have a narrow coverage area. Compared to omnidirectional antennas, directional antennas are generally used in communication systems in environments with long communication distances, narrow coverage areas, high target density, and high frequency utilization.

[0046] The industry currently has relatively mature measurement methods for omnidirectional antennas. These methods can approximate the OTA performance of omnidirectional antennas through three-dimensional omnidirectional sampling, typically using low-density sampling across the entire sphere. However, these methods are not suitable for describing the performance of directional antennas. This is because for directional antennas, the primary concern is the OTA performance within a specific spherical crown.

[0047] The present invention provides a directional antenna testing method that can measure the OTA performance of a directional antenna in an electronic device within a specific spherical cap area, suitable for describing the performance of the directional antenna. The directional antenna testing method may include the following steps 1) to 3).

[0048] Among them, with the exponential growth of communication transmission distance, the directional antenna in the electronic device can be a directional antenna for communication at the ten-thousand-kilometer level. In one feasible implementation, the directional antenna test method can be used to evaluate the performance of a directional antenna for communication at the ten-thousand-kilometer level.

[0049] 1) Simulation scanning steps based on the simulation standard 0°

[0050] It is feasible that when designing a directional antenna, based on information such as the antenna structure, a simulation result of the maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna (or referred to as a simulation standard 0°) can be obtained through simulation software.

[0051] After a directional antenna is installed in an electronic device, the structure and components of the electronic device may change the maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna, causing a certain deviation between the actual maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna and the simulated standard 0°. Therefore, a simulation scan can be performed based on the simulated standard 0° to obtain the actual maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna (or the measured standard 0°) based on the simulation scan results.

[0052] In step 1), based on the simulated standard 0° for the directional antenna in the electronic device, a scanning measurement can be performed on the sampling points on the corresponding spherical cap (i.e., the sampling points within the spherical cap area) to measure the OTA indicators (e.g., radiated power indicators) of the directional antenna at multiple sampling points on the corresponding spherical cap. These OTA indicators can be used to obtain the actual measured standard 0°. Scanning can refer to sampling the directional pattern within a certain range at a set sampling point interval.

[0053] Exemplarily, the spherical cap corresponding to the simulation standard 0° may be a spherical cap with the directional antenna as the sphere center, the simulation standard 0° as the center, and a certain spherical center angle.

[0054] In one embodiment, the sampling points on the spherical cap corresponding to the simulation standard 0° may be: a plurality of circles of sampling points centered at the sampling point at the simulation standard 0° and extending outward in sequence based on a set sampling point interval.

[0055] Feasibly, the OTA indicators measured in step 1) may include at least a radiation power indicator and may also include a receiving sensitivity indicator.

[0056] For example, the radiation power indicator measured in step 1) may be effective radiated power (EIRP) in space, and the receiving sensitivity indicator measured in step 1) may be effective isotropic sensitivity (EIS) in space.

[0057] In one embodiment, a baseline determination can be made based on the measured EIS. If the EIS at any sampling point does not meet the corresponding threshold requirement, the baseline determination fails. If the baseline determination fails, the process can be terminated without continuing with the subsequent process.

[0058] 2) Determining the measured standard 0° based on the simulation scan results

[0059] In step 2), based on the maximum value of the radiation power obtained in the above simulation scanning step, the actual measurement result of the maximum radiation direction can be obtained, that is, the actual measurement standard 0° can be obtained.

[0060] 3) Scanning measurement steps based on the measured standard 0°

[0061] In step 3), a scanning measurement can be performed on the sampling points on the corresponding spherical cap based on the actual measurement standard 0° to measure the OTA indicators of the directional antenna at multiple sampling points on the corresponding spherical cap. These OTA indicators can be used to describe the performance of the directional antenna.

[0062] by Figure 1 Take the directional antenna shown in the figure as an example. If the measured standard of the directional antenna is 0°, Figure 1 As shown, the spherical cap corresponding to the measured standard 0° can be Figure 1 The spherical cap shown in (the central angle of the sphere is α).

[0063] In one embodiment, the sampling points on the spherical cap corresponding to the measured standard 0° may be: a plurality of circles of sampling points centered at the sampling point at the measured standard 0° and extending outward in sequence based on a set sampling point interval.

[0064] For example, reference Figure 2 , if the sampling point at the measured standard 0° is sampling point a, then the sampling points on the spherical cap corresponding to the measured standard 0° can be: Figure 2 The sampling point a and the four circles of sampling points centered on sampling point a are shown. If the sampling point at the measured standard 0° is sampling point b, then the sampling points on the spherical cap corresponding to the measured standard 0° can be: Figure 2 The number of sampling points and the relative position relationship between the two groups of sampling points can be kept consistent.

[0065] The OTA indicators measured in step 3) may include, for example, EIRP and EIS.

[0066] In one embodiment, a baseline determination can be made based on the measured EIS. If the EIS at any sampling point does not meet the corresponding threshold requirement, the baseline determination fails. If the baseline determination fails, the process can be terminated without continuing with the subsequent process.

[0067] The total radiated power (TRP) of a directional antenna within the spherical cap can be calculated by weighting the EIRP of each sampling point on the spherical cap corresponding to the measured standard 0°. The total isotropic sensitivity (TIS) of a directional antenna within the spherical cap can be calculated by weighting the EIS of each sampling point on the spherical cap corresponding to the measured standard 0°.

[0068] In one embodiment, a mean value judgment can be performed based on the calculated TRP. If the TRP does not meet the corresponding threshold requirement, the mean value judgment fails. The mean value judgment result can be used to reflect the performance of the directional antenna.

[0069] In one embodiment, a mean value judgment may be performed based on the calculated TIS. If the TIS does not meet a corresponding threshold requirement, the mean value judgment fails.

[0070] It is feasible that, since the scanning measurement step (i.e., step 3) above) can be used to describe the performance of a directional antenna, a fine scan (i.e., a dense sampling measurement) can be performed based on a smaller sampling point interval, thereby accurately describing the performance of the directional antenna based on the fine scan measurement results. Since the simulation scanning step (i.e., step 1) above) is used to obtain the actual measured standard 0°, the simulation scanning step can be performed using a fine scan with a similarly small sampling point interval, or a coarse scan (i.e., a sparse sampling measurement) with a relatively larger sampling point interval.

[0071] The fine scan sampling interval may be 1 / 5, 1 / 10, etc. of the coarse scan sampling interval. For example, the fine scan sampling interval may be 0.5°, 1°, etc., and the coarse scan sampling interval may be 5°, 10°, etc.

[0072] Thus, the above-mentioned directional antenna testing method can be implemented in the following three ways.

[0073] Implementation method 1: Step 1) Fine sweep, step 3) Fine sweep.

[0074] If the simulated scan step (i.e., step 1) above) is a fine scan, the radiation direction at the sampling point with maximum radiation power in the simulated fine scan result accurately reflects the actual maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna and can be used as the measured standard 0°. In this case, the measured standard 0° is a high-precision measured standard 0°, which is typically the actual maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna. Therefore, the spherical cap corresponding to the high-precision measured standard 0° is scanned in step 3).

[0075] That is, in implementation method 1, first a fine scan is performed based on the simulation standard 0° to obtain a high-precision measured standard 0°, and then a fine scan is performed based on the high-precision measured standard 0° to obtain a directional antenna OTA measurement result used to describe the antenna performance.

[0076] Implementation method 2: Step 1) rough sweep, step 3) fine sweep.

[0077] If the simulated scanning step (i.e., step 1) above) is a coarse scan, the radiation direction at the sampling point with maximum radiation power in the simulated coarse scan result can generally reflect the actual maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna. Therefore, in one implementation, this point can be used as the measured standard 0° in step 2). In this case, the measured standard 0° is a less accurate measured standard 0°, typically within a small range near the actual maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna. Therefore, the spherical cap corresponding to the less accurate measured standard 0° is scanned in step 3).

[0078] That is, in implementation method 2, a coarse scan is first performed based on the simulation standard 0° to obtain the lower-precision measured standard 0°, and then a fine scan is performed based on the lower-precision measured standard 0° to obtain the directional antenna OTA measurement result used to describe the antenna performance.

[0079] Taking into account that the simulation standard 0° and the actual maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna are usually not much different, in one embodiment, the center angle of the spherical cap of the coarse scan in step 1) can be the main lobe width of the directional antenna, so that a lower-precision measured standard 0° can be obtained based on the simulation coarse scan result. The lower-precision measured standard 0° can basically reflect the actual maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna, and the coarse scan range does not need to be too large to avoid sampling in unnecessary radiation directions.

[0080] Since step 1) is a coarse scan, multiple sampling points in the coarse scan may be close to the directional antenna's actual maximum radiation direction, resulting in more than one maximum radiation power in the coarse scan result. In this case, considering that the simulated standard 0° and the directional antenna's actual maximum radiation direction are usually not much different, the sampling point closest to the simulated standard 0° can be selected from the corresponding multiple sampling points, and the radiation direction of the directional antenna at this sampling point can be used as the measured standard 0° with lower precision. This helps to obtain a more accurate measured standard 0°.

[0081] Implementation method 3: Step 1) rough sweep, step 2) first fine sweep, step 3) second fine sweep.

[0082] In another implementation where step 1) is a coarse scan, step 2) can also be performed by performing a fine scan measurement of the sampling points on the corresponding spherical cap at a smaller sampling point interval based on the radiation direction at the sampling point with maximum radiation power in the simulated coarse scan (i.e., the less accurate measured standard 0°). This produces a measured fine scan result. The radiation direction at the sampling point with maximum radiation power in this measured fine scan result accurately reflects the actual maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna and can therefore be used as the measured standard 0°. In this case, the measured standard 0° is a high-precision measured standard 0°, typically the actual maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna. Therefore, the spherical cap corresponding to the high-precision measured standard 0° is scanned in step 3).

[0083] That is, in implementation method 3, first a coarse scan is performed based on the simulation standard 0° to obtain the lower-precision measured standard 0°, then a fine scan is performed based on the lower-precision measured standard 0° (i.e., the first fine scan) to obtain the high-precision measured standard 0°, and then a fine scan is performed based on the high-precision measured standard 0° (i.e., the second fine scan) to obtain the directional antenna OTA measurement result used to describe the antenna performance.

[0084] Because the less accurate 0° measurement standard accurately reflects the directional antenna's actual maximum radiation direction and therefore differs less from the more accurate 0° measurement standard, duplicate sampling points may exist between the first and second fine sweeps. Since these duplicate sampling points have already been measured in the first fine sweep, they do not need to be measured in the second fine sweep. This allows the measurement results of these duplicate sampling points in the first sweep, along with the measurement results of other sampling points in the second sweep, to characterize the directional antenna's performance. Non-duplicate sampling measurements can reduce testing time while still accurately measuring directional antenna performance.

[0085] Compared with implementation method 2, since implementation method 3 measures the OTA indicators of the directional antenna based on the high-precision measurement standard 0°, it can more accurately test the performance of the directional antenna.

[0086] Compared with implementation method 1, implementation method 3 obtains a high-precision measured standard 0° by first performing a coarse scan based on the simulation standard 0° and then performing the first fine scan. Therefore, it helps to reduce the number of measurements while obtaining an accurate measured standard 0°.

[0087] It can be seen that the above-mentioned directional antenna test method can be applied to describe the performance of directional antennas by first finding the measured standard 0° based on the simulation standard 0° of the maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna, and then measuring the radiation pattern of the spherical crown area near this direction with high precision based on the measured standard 0°. It provides a quantitative and objective OTA measurement method for evaluating the performance of directional antennas for 10,000-kilometer-level communications.

[0088] The above-mentioned directional antenna test method can realize customized and objective indicator evaluation of the directional radiation patterns of directional antennas, Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) system antennas, etc. in electronic devices such as mobile phones, smart watches, and tablets.

[0089] The electronic device tested in one embodiment of the present application can be Figure 3 The electronic device 100 is shown. Figure 3 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of the electronic device 100. Figure 3 The electronic device 100 may include a processor 110 , an internal memory 121 , a power management module 141 , a battery 142 , a directional antenna 161 , a wireless communication module 160 , and a temperature sensor 180 .

[0090] It should be understood that the structures illustrated in the embodiments of the present application do not constitute a specific limitation on the electronic device 100. In other embodiments of the present application, the electronic device 100 may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine or separate certain components, or arrange the components differently. The illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0091] The processor 110 may include one or more processing units. For example, the processor 110 may include an application processor (AP), a modem processor, a graphics processing unit (GPU), an image signal processor (ISP), a controller, a video codec, a digital signal processor (DSP), a baseband processor, and / or a neural-network processing unit (NPU). The different processing units may be independent devices or integrated into one or more processors. The controller may generate operation control signals based on instruction opcodes and timing signals to control instruction fetching and execution.

[0092] In some embodiments, the processor 110 may be a system on chip (SOC), which may include a central processing unit (CPU) or other types of processors. In some embodiments, the processor 110 may be a PWM control chip.

[0093] The processor 110 may also include necessary hardware accelerators or logic processing hardware circuits, such as ASICs, or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of the technical solution program. In addition, the processor 110 may have the function of operating one or more software programs, which may be stored in a storage medium.

[0094] Processor 110 may also include a memory for storing instructions and data. In some embodiments, the memory in processor 110 is a cache memory. This memory can store instructions or data that have just been used or are being recycled by processor 110. If processor 110 needs to use the same instruction or data again, it can directly access the memory. This avoids duplicate accesses, reduces processor 110 latency, and thus improves system efficiency.

[0095] In some embodiments, the memory of the electronic device 100 may be a read-only memory (ROM), other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or any computer-readable medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer.

[0096] In some embodiments, the processor 110 and the memory may be combined into a single processing device or may be independent components. The processor 110 may be configured to execute program code stored in the memory. In specific implementations, the memory may also be integrated into the processor 110 or may be independent of the processor 110.

[0097] In some embodiments, the processor 110 may include one or more interfaces. The interfaces may include an inter-integrated circuit (I2C) interface, an inter-integrated circuit sound (I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (PCM) interface, a universal asynchronous receiver / transmitter (UART) interface, a mobile industry processor interface (MIPI), a general-purpose input / output (GPIO) interface, a subscriber identity module (SIM) interface, and / or a universal serial bus (USB) interface.

[0098] It is understood that the interface connection relationship between the modules illustrated in the embodiments of the present application is merely an illustrative illustration and does not constitute a structural limitation on the electronic device 100. In other embodiments of the present application, the electronic device 100 may also adopt different interface connection methods from the above embodiments, or a combination of multiple interface connection methods.

[0099] The internal memory 121 can be used to store computer executable program codes, which include instructions. The internal memory 121 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. Among them, the program storage area may store an operating system, an application required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), etc. The data storage area may store data created during the use of the electronic device 100 (such as audio data, a phone book, etc.), etc. In addition, the internal memory 121 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, a universal flash storage (UFS), etc. The processor 110 executes various functional applications and data processing of the electronic device 100 by running instructions stored in the internal memory 121 and / or instructions stored in a memory provided in the processor.

[0100] The power management module 141 is used to connect the battery 142 and the processor 110. Preferably, the power management module 141 can provide the power of the battery 142 to a directional antenna test device (such as a desktop computer) for real-time power feedback.

[0101] The wireless communication function of electronic device 100 can be implemented through directional antenna 161, wireless communication module 160, modem processor, and baseband processor. Directional antenna 161 is used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals. Each antenna in electronic device 100 can be used to cover a single or multiple communication frequency bands.

[0102] When electronic device 100 is located in an electromagnetic anechoic chamber, directional antenna 161 can receive signals transmitted by a polarized antenna in the chamber, and can also transmit signals, where the transmitted signals can be received by the polarized antenna in the chamber. Based on the signals transmitted and received by the polarized antenna in the chamber, a comprehensive tester connected to the chamber can measure the OTA performance of directional antenna 161 and transmit the measurement results to a connected directional antenna test device.

[0103] The wireless communication module 160 can provide wireless communication solutions including wireless local area networks (WLAN) (such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) networks), Bluetooth (BT), global navigation satellite system (GNSS), frequency modulation (FM), near field communication (NFC), infrared (IR), etc., which are applied to the electronic device 100. The wireless communication module 160 can be one or more devices that integrate at least one communication processing module. The wireless communication module 160 receives electromagnetic waves via the directional antenna 161, frequency modulates and filters the electromagnetic wave signals, and sends the processed signals to the processor 110. The wireless communication module 160 can also receive the signal to be sent from the processor 110, frequency modulate it, amplify it, and convert it into electromagnetic waves for radiation through the directional antenna 161.

[0104] In some embodiments, the directional antenna 161 of the electronic device 100 is coupled to the wireless communication module 160, so that the electronic device 100 can communicate with a network and other devices via wireless communication technologies. The wireless communication technologies may include global system for mobile communications (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS), code division multiple access (CDMA), wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA), time-division code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA), long term evolution (LTE), BT, GNSS, WLAN, NFC, FM, and / or IR technology. The GNSS may include global positioning system (GPS), global navigation satellite system (GLONASS), Beidou navigation satellite system (BDS), quasi-zenith satellite system (QZSS) and / or satellite based augmentation system (SBAS).

[0105] The temperature sensor 180 is used to detect the temperature of the electronic device 100. The electronic device 100 can feed back the real-time temperature to the directional antenna testing device. The directional antenna testing device can then control the temperature of the electronic device 100 based on the temperature changes of the electronic device 100 to perform OTA measurement of the directional antenna 161 in the electronic device 100 within a specified temperature range.

[0106] The software system of the electronic device 100 may adopt a layered architecture, an event-driven architecture, a microkernel architecture, a microservice architecture, or a cloud architecture.

[0107] As can be seen from the above implementations 1 to 3, the OTA test process of a directional antenna can be implemented through two or three scanning measurements. For example, in the above implementation 3, three scanning measurements need to be performed in sequence: a coarse scan based on the simulation standard 0°, a first fine scan based on the low-precision measured standard 0°, and a second fine scan based on the high-precision measured standard 0°. Among them, any scanning measurement needs to traverse and measure multiple sampling points on the corresponding spherical cap (that is, measure the OTA indicators of the directional antenna in different radiation directions).

[0108] A feasible approach is to test directional antennas in an anechoic chamber, where a polarized antenna within the chamber interacts with the directional antenna for signal transmission and reception. Since the spatial coordinates of different sampling points differ, measurements at these different sampling points can be achieved by changing the directional antenna's position relative to the polarized antenna. This allows for measurements at different sampling points.

[0109] The position and posture may include position and attitude. The relative position relationship between the directional antenna and the polarized antenna used may be changed by maintaining the position of the directional antenna and changing the attitude of the directional antenna.

[0110] refer to Figure 4 One embodiment of the present application provides a directional antenna test system for measuring the OTA index of a directional antenna in an electronic device 210. The test system includes a directional antenna test device 220, an electromagnetic darkroom 230, and a comprehensive tester 240. The electromagnetic darkroom 230 includes a plurality of polarized antennas 231 sparsely distributed in a circular shape, a turntable 232, and a rocker 233 (the specific structure of the rocker is described in Figure 4 not shown).

[0111] Alternatively, the directional antenna testing device 220 may be used to perform the directional antenna testing method described in other embodiments of the present application.

[0112] like Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device 210 may be a mobile phone terminal. During the process of testing the OTA index of the directional antenna in the electronic device 210 , the electronic device 210 may be fixedly placed on the turntable 232 .

[0113] Taking the signal transmitted by a directional antenna as an example, during the test process, a polarized antenna 231 in the electromagnetic darkroom 230 can receive the signal transmitted by the directional antenna and transmit the test signal to the comprehensive tester 240 accordingly, so that the comprehensive tester 240 can measure the OTA indicators of the directional antenna based on the test signal.

[0114] Based on the different orientations of the directional antenna, the polarized antenna 231 can be switched to use the polarized antenna 231 at the appropriate position to perform signal transmission and reception interaction with the directional antenna. Figure 5 The polarized antenna distribution diagram shown in the figure is as follows. If the sampling point is Figure 5 In the positive direction of the z-axis shown in FIG, the polarized antenna shown in reference numeral 2311 can be used to transmit and receive signals. If the sampling point is Figure 5 In the positive direction of the x-axis shown, the polarized antenna shown by reference numeral 2312 can be used to transmit and receive signals.

[0115] See also Figure 4 In the electromagnetic darkroom 230 shown, when the turntable 232 rotates, it can drive the electronic device 210 to rotate synchronously, so that the orientation of the directional antenna in the electronic device 210 can change accordingly. The turntable 232 can be mechanically connected to the rocker 233. When the rocker 233 swings, it can drive the turntable 232 and the electronic device 210 fixed on the turntable 232 to swing synchronously, so that the orientation of the directional antenna in the electronic device 210 can change accordingly. Figure 4 The rocker 233 can make the turntable 232 and its connecting structure rock with high precision in a vertical plane with the center of the darkroom as the center of the circle.

[0116] In other embodiments, a rocker may be provided on the turntable so that when the rocker rocks, it only drives the electronic device to rock synchronously without driving the turntable to rock synchronously.

[0117] Since the OTA indicator measurement of the directional antenna requires a smaller sampling interval, and there is a larger fixed interval between adjacent polarized antennas 231, in order to meet the fine scanning measurement requirements, the maximum swing angle of the rocker 233 can be no less than half of the central angle interval corresponding to the position of the polarized antenna 231 (for example, the swing range is [-7.5°, 7.5°]), and the swing accuracy is high (for example, the accuracy is 0.1°). Therefore, by controlling the swing angle of the rocker 233, the measurement blind spots between the sparsely distributed polarized antennas 231 can be compensated.

[0118] Since the swing range of the rocker 233 is small, based on the currently used polarized antenna 231 , when the OTA measurement at the required sampling point cannot be achieved while controlling the rocker 233 to swing, the polarized antenna 231 used can be switched as needed.

[0119] To accurately set the sampling points by controlling the rotation of turntable 232 and the oscillation of rocker 233, the angular variation accuracy of turntable 232 and rocker 233 can be maintained consistent, for example, with an accuracy of 0.1° for both. For example, by ensuring that the rocker's oscillation accuracy matches the turntable's rotational accuracy, both being 0.1°, the spatial coordinates of each sampling point on each spherical cap can be accurately determined to within 0.1°, thus achieving high-precision measurement.

[0120] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the spatial coordinates of the sampling points is provided. Figure 6 The spatial coordinate system shown in the figure (the directional antenna is at the origin o), the spatial coordinate of the sampling point c can be obtained by the angle θ and the angle To determine the angle θ and angle of different sampling points Not identical or completely different.

[0121] refer to Figure 6 By rotating the turntable 232, the value of the angle θ can be changed, and by controlling the swinging of the rocker 233, the angle When the polarized antenna 231 used remains unchanged, OTA measurement at the corresponding sampling point can be achieved by changing the values ​​of the two angles as needed.

[0122] In this way, the directional antenna testing device 220 can control the rotation angle of the turntable 232, the swing angle of the rocker 233, and the switching of the polarized antenna 231 used according to the spatial coordinates of the sampling point, so that the relative position relationship between the polarized antenna 231 used and the directional antenna conforms to the spatial coordinates of the sampling point, thereby realizing OTA measurement at the sampling point.

[0123] To support OTA measurements of directional antennas, in one embodiment, reference Figure 7 The software system architecture of the test device provided, the directional antenna test device 220 may include a core layer, a control layer and an application layer.

[0124] The core layer includes a central control host 300. The control layer includes a comprehensive tester control module 310, a darkroom control module 320, and an electronic device control module 330. The application layer includes a comprehensive tester registration and connection module 311, a power measurement module 312, and a sensitivity measurement module 313 for controlling the comprehensive tester 240; a turntable control module 321, a polarization direction control module 322, a rocker control module 323, and an electronic device control module 324 for controlling the electromagnetic darkroom 230; and an electronic device registration and connection module 331, a temperature control module 332, and a power feedback module 333 for controlling the electronic device 210.

[0125] The tester registration and connection module 311 can be used to establish a registration connection between the tester 240 and the directional antenna test device 220. After the tester 240 is registered and connected, the directional antenna test device 220 can control the tester 240 to measure OTA indicators (such as radiation power and receiving sensitivity) at corresponding sampling points based on the test signal transmitted by the polarized antenna 231.

[0126] The power measurement module 312 may be used to measure the radiation power index at the sampling point, for example, the EIRP at the sampling point.

[0127] The sensitivity measurement module 313 may be used to measure the receiving sensitivity at the sampling point, for example, the EIS at the sampling point.

[0128] The turntable control module 321 can be used to control the rotation angle of the turntable 232 according to the spatial coordinates of the sampling points to change the value of the angle θ, so that the position of the directional antenna can be consistent with the spatial coordinates of the sampling points.

[0129] The polarization direction control module 322 may be configured to switch the polarization mode of the polarized antenna 231. The polarization mode (e.g., denoted as p) may include horizontal polarization and vertical polarization. By switching polarization modes at the same sampling point, OTA measurement at the sampling point may be performed based on the measurement data at each polarization mode at the sampling point.

[0130] The rocker control module 323 can be used to control the rocking angle of the rocker 233 according to the spatial coordinates of the sampling point to change the above angle. The value of , combined with the on-demand switching of the polarized antenna 231 used, can make the posture of the directional antenna consistent with the spatial coordinates of the sampling point.

[0131] For example, if you need to measure the directional antenna in a certain direction (θ=α at the sampling point, ), the directional antenna testing device 220 can control the turntable 232 to rotate clockwise by α or counterclockwise by 2π-α based on the starting angle through the turntable control module 321, and control the rocker 233 to rock mod(β / 15°) through the rocker control module 323, and switch the polarized antenna used to the horizontal polarized antenna at the floor(β / 15°) position through the polarization direction control module 322. Wherein, mod represents the remainder, floor represents the integer, and 15° represents the center angle interval corresponding to adjacent polarized antennas 231. For example, the first polarized antenna is the polarized antenna at the 15° position, and the second polarized antenna is the polarized antenna at the 30° position.

[0132] Taking β as 17° as an example, mod(17° / 15°)=2°, then the rocker 233 needs to be controlled to rock 2°, and floor(17° / 15°)=1, then it needs to switch to using the first polarized antenna.

[0133] Since rocker 233 may not be able to stop suddenly due to inertia, it can be stopped at the desired position through 1-3 rocking cycles. For example, if a rocking angle of 0° to 0.5° is required, this can be achieved with a single rocking cycle due to the relatively small rocking angle. If a rocking angle of -10° to 0.5° is required, this can be achieved through multiple rocking cycles due to the larger rocking angle. For example, rocking from -10° to 3°, then from 3° to -2°, and then from -2° to 0.5° can be achieved. By considering the impact of rocker 233's inertia on rocking accuracy, multiple rocking cycles as needed can help improve rocking accuracy.

[0134] Electronic device control module 324 can be used to control the fixed position of electronic device 210 in electromagnetic chamber 230. Based on the change of sampling points, if a fixed structure blocks the directional antenna in the corresponding radiation direction, electronic device control module 324 can be used to make adjustments to resolve the blockage and avoid affecting measurement accuracy due to the blockage.

[0135] The electronic device registration and connection module 331 can be used to implement a registration connection between the electronic device 210 and the directional antenna testing device 220. After the electronic device 210 is registered and connected, the directional antenna testing device 220 can control the electronic device 210 to use a directional antenna to receive signals transmitted by the polarized antenna 231 used, or to transmit signals to the polarized antenna 231.

[0136] Considering that temperature changes may affect the directional antenna's pattern and radiation performance, OTA measurements can be subject to temperature limits to prevent unsuitable temperatures from affecting the test results. Thus, the temperature control module 332 can be used to combine the real-time temperature changes of the electronic device 210 and pause the test process as needed to ensure that the electronic device 210 performs OTA measurements within an appropriate temperature range. For example, if the temperature of the electronic device 210 is too high due to a long test, the test can be temporarily paused for a certain period of time and then resumed after the temperature returns to normal.

[0137] The power feedback module 333 may be used to perform a test process as needed in combination with the real-time power of the electronic device 210 .

[0138] From the above, we can see that Figure 7 The directional antenna test device shown can achieve the OTA test purpose of the directional antenna through the comprehensive control of antenna test related devices (such as comprehensive tester, electromagnetic darkroom, electronic equipment).

[0139] As can be seen from the above implementations 1 to 3, OTA measurement of directional antennas can be achieved through two or three scanning measurements. Figure 8 An embodiment of the present application provides a single scanning process, which may include the following steps S801 to S810.

[0140] For example, the single scan process can be performed by Figure 4 Taking the above implementation method 3 as an example, there are three scanning processes in implementation method 3, namely, the simulation of coarse scanning, the first fine scanning, and the second fine scanning. The directional antenna test system can execute three corresponding scanning processes for these three scanning processes. Figure 8 The single scanning process shown in the figure, the parameters in different execution processes (such as the turntable angle θ and the swing angle In addition, since some operations (such as the electronic device entering the characteristic test mode, registering the connection, etc.) have been performed in the first scan process, the corresponding steps can be skipped or quickly verified in subsequent scan processes.

[0141] Below, Figure 4 The directional antenna test system shown executes the directional antenna OTA test described in the above implementation manner 3 as an example to illustrate the technical implementation of the single scanning process.

[0142] S801, the electronic device enters a characteristic test mode.

[0143] After entering the characteristic test mode, the electronic device can be registered in the directional antenna test device. After registration, it can be connected to the comprehensive tester to transmit broadcast signals through the directional antenna and receive and analyze broadcast signals.

[0144] S802, place the electronic equipment in the center of the darkroom.

[0145] After placing the electronic device at the center of the electromagnetic anechoic chamber, the position of the directional antenna in the electronic device can be changed by controlling the angle of the turntable and / or rocker, and the polarized antenna used can be switched on demand, thereby achieving traversal measurement of each sampling point on the spherical cap.

[0146] S803a, turntable angle initialization.

[0147] S803b, initializing the swing angle.

[0148] During the rough scan simulation, the turntable angle and swing angle can be initialized based on the simulation standard 0°, so that the OTA index of the sampling point at the simulation standard 0° can be sampled first. Then, with this sampling point as the center, other sampling points on the spherical crown can be traversed outward in sequence.

[0149] Similarly, during the first fine scan, the turntable and yaw angles can be initialized based on a low-precision measured standard of 0°, allowing OTA metrics to be sampled first at the sampling point at that measured standard. Furthermore, during the second fine scan, the turntable and yaw angles can be initialized based on a high-precision measured standard of 0°, allowing OTA metrics to be sampled first at that measured standard of 0°.

[0150] S803c, antenna polarization initialization.

[0151] Optionally, the antenna polarization may be initialized to horizontal polarization or vertical polarization.

[0152] In other embodiments of the present application, the execution order of turntable angle initialization, swing angle initialization, and antenna polarization initialization can be adjusted as needed and is not limited to this.

[0153] S804, the comprehensive tester is initialized.

[0154] S805, open the cell and register the connection.

[0155] It is feasible that after the comprehensive tester is initialized, the channel to be measured can be determined by opening a cell, and the communication mode to be used can be determined by registering a connection.

[0156] This step allows the directional antenna tester to register and connect with the tester and electronic equipment. After registration and connection, the directional antenna tester can interact with the tester, such as receiving measurement results, and with the electronic equipment, such as controlling the electronic equipment to send and receive signals.

[0157] S806, power / sensitivity test.

[0158] After initializing the turntable angle, pan angle, and antenna polarization, you can perform OTA measurements at the current sampling point. After the measurement, you can perform another OTA measurement at the current sampling point by traversing the antenna polarization.

[0159] After completing the measurement of the current sampling point, the other sampling points on the spherical crown can be traversed in sequence by traversing the turntable angle and the swing angle, and OTA measurement can be performed at each sampling point accordingly.

[0160] S807c, antenna polarization traversal.

[0161] For each sampling point, antenna polarization traversal can be achieved by traversing both horizontally polarized antennas and vertically polarized antennas. After antenna polarization traversal, the corresponding horizontal polarization EIRP and EIS, as well as the corresponding vertical polarization EIRP and EIS, can be measured at the sampling point, and the EIRP and EIS at the sampling point can be calculated based on these measurements.

[0162] Considering that the switching of the polarized antenna can be a faster electrical switching, while the rotation of the turntable and the rocker is a slower physical rotation, after switching to a sampling point, the antenna polarization traversal can be performed, and then the rotation of the turntable and / or rocker can be controlled to traverse other sampling points.

[0163] S807b, swing angle traversal.

[0164] refer to Figure 6 , taking the center of the spherical cap as the positive direction of the z axis as an example, if the 20° spherical cap needs to be scanned at 5° intervals, the angle The angles can be set to 0°, 5°, 10°, 15°, and 20° in sequence to achieve traversal of the swing angles.

[0165] Optionally, the rocker can have a higher priority than the turntable, so the angles can be traversed first. Then traverse angle θ.

[0166] S807a, turntable angle traversal.

[0167] refer to Figure 6 Taking the center of the spherical cap as the positive direction of the z-axis as an example, if a 20° spherical cap needs to be scanned at 5° intervals, the angle θ can be taken as 0°, 5°, 10°...360° in sequence to achieve turntable angle traversal.

[0168] Alternatively, if setting the sampling points requires rotating the rocker and the turntable separately, the rocker and the turntable may be controlled to rotate simultaneously to save the overall test time.

[0169] refer to Figure 2 The sampling points on the spherical cap can be arranged as a circle of sampling points, centered at the sampling point at the simulated standard 0° / measured standard 0°, extending outward based on the set sampling point interval. Regardless of whether the central sampling point is in the positive z-axis direction, the distribution of sampling points on the spherical cap (number of sampling points, sampling point interval, etc.) remains consistent.

[0170] Taking the simulation standard 0° as an example, if the simulation standard 0° is the positive direction of the z-axis, then the sampling point at the center position is in the positive direction of the z-axis (such as sampling point a, θ at sampling point a = 0°, ), then based on the sampling point interval, the spatial coordinates of each sampling point on the corresponding spherical cap (denoted as spherical cap 1) can be obtained

[0171] If the simulation standard 0° is not the positive direction of the z-axis, the sampling point at the center position is not in the positive direction of the z-axis (for example, sampling point b, sampling point b For example, α = 35°, β = 40°), the spatial coordinates of each sampling point on the corresponding spherical cap (denoted as spherical cap 2) are It can be obtained by the following formula. That is, based on (α, β), combined with the spatial coordinates of each sampling point on the spherical cap 1 The spatial coordinates of each sampling point on the spherical crown 2 are converted using the following formula:

[0172]

[0173]

[0174] Among them, α∈[0,2π),θ∈[0,2π),

[0175] Referring to the above formula, if α=β=0 (i.e. the sampling point at the center is in the positive direction of the z-axis), then θ′=θ, It can be seen that the spatial coordinates of each sampling point can be calculated by the above formula, and the distribution of the sampling points on spherical crown 1 and spherical crown 2 remains consistent.

[0176] After calculating the spatial coordinates of the sampling points, the turntable angle and swing angle can be adjusted as needed, and the polarized antenna used can be switched to support OTA measurements at the corresponding sampling points.

[0177] S808, polarization correction, azimuth correction.

[0178] A vertically polarized antenna and a horizontally polarized antenna can be set at the same position in an electromagnetic anechoic chamber. Considering that the parameters of the lines connected to the two may be different, such as the actual air attenuation, polarization correction can be performed after switching the antenna polarization mode to address the impact of polarization mode switching on OTA measurements.

[0179] The positions of the polarized antennas in the electromagnetic anechoic chamber vary. Considering that the parameters of the polarized antennas at different locations, such as antenna aging and attenuation of the connected lines, may vary, azimuth correction can be performed after switching the polarized antennas to address the impact of polarized antenna switching on OTA measurements.

[0180] S809, test data processing.

[0181] During the above-mentioned simulated coarse scanning process, this step can be used to obtain a low-precision measured standard 0°. During the first fine scanning process, this step can be used to obtain a high-precision measured standard 0°. During the second fine scanning process, this step can be used to obtain the TRP through weighted calculation based on the EIRP at each sampling point on the spherical cap, and can be used to obtain the TIS through weighted calculation based on the EIS at each sampling point on the spherical cap.

[0182] S810, test data judgment.

[0183] Feasibly, data judgment can include bottom line judgment and average judgment.

[0184] During each scan, this step can be used to determine the baseline based on the EIS at each sampling point on the spherical cap. For example, if the EIS at a sampling point is below the sensitivity threshold, that is, the EIS of the directional antenna in the corresponding radiation direction is too low, causing users to experience disconnection issues when using electronic devices in that radiation direction, the baseline determination will be determined to be failed.

[0185] If the bottom line judgment fails, the subsequent scanning process can be terminated without executing the subsequent scanning process. If the bottom line judgment passes, the subsequent scanning process can be continued.

[0186] During the second fine scan, this step can be used to perform an average judgment based on the weighted TRP and TIS. The average judgment result can be used to describe the performance of the directional antenna.

[0187] It can be seen that by executing the above-mentioned single scanning process multiple times in succession, OTA testing of the directional antenna in the electronic device can be achieved, thereby being able to describe the performance of the directional antenna.

[0188] Alternatively, the directional antenna test device 220 in the directional antenna test system may be Figure 4 The desktop computer shown can display the OTA test user interface on the display screen so that the tester can view relevant information of the test process, such as the current rotation angle of the turntable, the test progress, etc.

[0189] In one embodiment, reference Figure 9 The OTA test user interface (UI) shown in FIG. 1 may display parameter configuration area 901, test case / test channel configuration area 902, basic test information content area 903, status indication area 904, test log area 905, and test progress, etc. The specific content of some areas is shown in FIG. Figure 9 Not reflected in.

[0190] refer to Figure 9 , the parameter configuration area 901 can display the turntable, probe (i.e. polarized antenna), comprehensive tester, angle θ, angle Some configuration information of parameters such as scanning interval and measured angle. For example, the angle range of angle θ is [0,360°), the angle The angle range is [-15°, 15°], the spatial coordinates of the current sampling point are θ = 148° and

[0191] The status indication area 904 can display the information of the probe, rocker, turntable, and probe polarization mode in a graphic and text manner. For example, if the actual probe information is 15.0°, that is, the OTA measurement is performed using a polarized antenna at an angle of 15.0°, and based on the position of the directional antenna and the rocker's rocking angle of 1°, the angle of the sampling point at the polarized antenna is The actual information of the turntable is 30.0°, that is, the angle of the turntable rotation is 30.0°, and based on the posture of the directional antenna, the angle θ of the sampling point at the polarized antenna is -16.5°.

[0192] By displaying the above-mentioned OTA test user interface, testers can intuitively and quickly obtain relevant information about the test process, such as the configuration of test parameters, current test information, test progress, etc., and can also perform operations such as modifying parameter configuration and test fault analysis as needed.

[0193] In the directional antenna testing method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the measured standard 0° is first found based on the simulation standard 0° of the maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna, and then the OTA indicators in the spherical crown area near this direction are measured with high precision based on the measured standard 0°.

[0194] OTA specifications should conform to theoretical foundations (i.e., OTA measurement value in a particular direction = DUT conduction specification + antenna gain in that direction). This means that the OTA measurement value in a particular direction should be close to the theoretical value derived from conduction and antenna gain calculations. Therefore, when using this directional antenna test method to test a standard omnidirectional antenna (such as a half-wave dipole antenna), the measurement result should be consistent with the theoretical value of the antenna's radiation pattern on the spherical crown of the test sphere.

[0195] In the test experiment, this directional antenna test method can be used to test the OTA indicators of a single-frequency half-wave oscillator in symmetrical directions (such as the upper direction and the lower direction). After testing, the test results obtained are the same as the results measured directly above and directly below, that is, the test results meet the characteristics of the antenna pattern of a single-frequency half-wave oscillator. It can be seen that this directional antenna test method can accurately measure the OTA indicators of directional antennas in electronic devices within a specific spherical cap area, which helps to accurately describe the performance of directional antennas.

[0196] refer to Figure 10 , an embodiment of the present application provides a directional antenna testing method, which may include the following steps 1001 to 1003. The specific technical implementation of this embodiment can refer to the relevant technical descriptions of other embodiments of the present application and will not be repeated here. For example, steps 1001 to 1003 can correspond to steps 1) to 3) above.

[0197] Step 1001: Based on the simulation results of the maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna in the electronic device (i.e., the simulation standard 0°), the radiation power of the directional antenna at multiple sampling points on the first spherical cap is measured to obtain multiple first radiation powers, where the first spherical cap is the spherical cap corresponding to the simulation results.

[0198] For example, the electronic device under test may be Figure 3 The electronic device 100 is shown. For example, the electronic device may be equipped with a 10,000-kilometer-level communication directional antenna.

[0199] It is feasible to obtain the simulation standard 0° through simulation software based on information such as the antenna structure.

[0200] Step 1002: Obtain a measured result of the maximum radiation direction (ie, a measured standard of 0°) according to a maximum value among the multiple first radiation powers.

[0201] If step 1001 is a simulated coarse scanning process, the radiation direction corresponding to the maximum value can be used as the low-precision measurement standard 0°, and if it is a simulated fine scanning process, the radiation direction corresponding to the maximum value can be used as the high-precision measurement standard 0°.

[0202] Step 1003 , measuring OTA indicators of the directional antenna at multiple sampling points on a second spherical cap, where the second spherical cap is a spherical cap corresponding to the actual measurement result.

[0203] For example, if the directional antenna being measured is Figure 1 The directional antenna shown, the second spherical cap can be Figure 1 In the spherical cap shown in FIG (the spherical center angle is α), step 1003 can measure the EIRP and EIS at each sampling point on the spherical cap.

[0204] Optionally, step 1003 may obtain the TRP and TIS of the directional antenna according to the EIRP and EIS at each sampling point on the second spherical cap, and perform a mean judgment accordingly. The mean judgment result may be used to describe the performance of the directional antenna.

[0205] For example, refer to Figure 2 , if the sampling point at the measured standard 0° is sampling point b, then the sampling points on the spherical cap corresponding to the measured standard 0°, that is, the second spherical cap, can be: Figure 2 The sampling point b and four circles of sampling points centered on the sampling point b are shown.

[0206] Optionally, the intervals between sampling points on the first spherical cap are greater than or equal to the intervals between sampling points on the second spherical cap.

[0207] In one embodiment, the intervals between sampling points on the first spherical cap are equal to the intervals between sampling points on the second spherical cap, and the scanning measurements in step 1001 and step 1003 can both be fine scans. The implementation of this embodiment can be, for example, the above-mentioned implementation method 1.

[0208] In another embodiment, the interval between the sampling points on the first spherical cap is greater than the interval between the sampling points on the second spherical cap, then the scanning measurement in step 1001 is a coarse scan, and the scanning measurement in step 1003 is a fine scan. The implementation method of this embodiment can be, for example, the above-mentioned implementation method 2 or implementation method 3.

[0209] Corresponding to implementation method 2, in step 1002, the corresponding radiation direction can be used as the measured standard 0° based on the maximum radiation power in the simulation rough scanning result (that is, the maximum value among the above-mentioned multiple first radiation powers), so that a measured standard 0° with lower accuracy can be obtained. Then, step 1003 can perform scanning measurement based on the measured standard 0° with lower accuracy.

[0210] Corresponding to implementation method 3, in step 1002, based on the maximum radiation power in the simulated coarse scanning result, a fine scanning measurement can be performed with the corresponding radiation direction as the center, and based on the maximum radiation power in this fine scanning measurement result, the corresponding radiation direction can be used as the measured standard 0°. In this way, a high-precision measured standard 0° can be obtained, and step 1003 can perform a scanning measurement based on the high-precision measured standard 0°.

[0211] It can be seen that the above-mentioned directional antenna test method can realize OTA measurement of directional antennas by first finding the measured standard 0° based on the simulation standard 0° of the maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna, and then measuring the OTA indicators of the sampling points in the spherical crown area near this direction with high precision based on the measured standard 0°. It can be applied to describe the performance of directional antennas.

[0212] Corresponding to the above-mentioned implementation method 3, in one embodiment of the present application, step 1002 may include: measuring the radiation power of the directional antenna at multiple sampling points on the third spherical cap based on the maximum value of the multiple first radiation powers to obtain multiple second radiation powers, wherein the interval between the sampling points on the first spherical cap is greater than the interval between the sampling points on the third spherical cap; wherein the third spherical cap is the spherical cap corresponding to the target radiation direction, and the target radiation direction (i.e., the measured standard 0° with lower precision) is the radiation direction of the directional antenna at the sampling point corresponding to the maximum value of the multiple first radiation powers; obtaining the radiation direction of the directional antenna at the sampling point corresponding to the maximum value of the multiple second radiation powers (i.e., the measured standard 0° with high precision) as the measured result.

[0213] By first performing a coarse scan based on the simulated standard 0° and then performing a fine scan based on the maximum radiation direction reflected by the coarse scan result, a highly accurate measured standard 0° can be obtained. This helps reduce the number of measurements while accurately obtaining the measured standard 0°.

[0214] It is feasible to equalize the intervals between sampling points on the second and third spherical caps. This means that the directional antenna test process can include three sequential scans: a simulated coarse scan, a first fine scan, and a second fine scan, with the two fine scans maintaining consistent scanning accuracy. By obtaining OTA measurement results based on a high-precision, measured standard 0° fine scan, the directional antenna's performance can be accurately tested.

[0215] In one embodiment of the present application, the interval between the sampling points on the second spherical cap is equal to the interval between the sampling points on the third spherical cap; step 1003 may include: measuring the radiation power at the sampling points located on the second spherical cap and not located on the third spherical cap; wherein, the radiation power at the sampling points located on both the second spherical cap and the third spherical cap is not measured repeatedly.

[0216] The center of the second spherical cap is the high-precision measured standard 0°, and the center of the third spherical cap is the lower-precision measured standard 0°. The difference between the centers of the two spherical caps is small, and both are fine-scan sampling. There may be some repeated sampling points on the two spherical caps.

[0217] Alternatively, if a sampling point on the second spherical cap overlaps with any sampling point on the third spherical cap, that sampling point can be skipped and not remeasured. This non-repeated sampling measurement allows for accurate testing of directional antenna performance while saving testing time.

[0218] Corresponding to Implementation 3 above, in one embodiment of the present application, the central angle of the first spherical cap is the main lobe width of the directional antenna. Thus, based on the simulated coarse scan results, a relatively low-precision measured standard of 0° can be obtained. This relatively low-precision measured standard of 0° can generally reflect the actual maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna, and the coarse scan range does not need to be excessively large to avoid sampling unnecessary radiation directions.

[0219] In one embodiment of the present application, the directional antenna testing method may further include: measuring the receiving sensitivity of the directional antenna at multiple sampling points on the first spherical cap based on the simulation results; if each measured receiving sensitivity meets the sensitivity requirement, executing step 1002. Otherwise, step 1002 may not be executed.

[0220] In this embodiment, in addition to measuring the radiated power to find the measured standard 0°, the receiving sensitivity is also measured to determine the baseline. If the baseline determination fails, the test can be terminated and subsequent steps, such as step 1002, are not executed to obtain the measured results.

[0221] In one embodiment, the measured receiving sensitivity may be the EIRP at each sampling point, and the sensitivity requirement may be that each measured EIRP is not lower than a corresponding bottom line threshold.

[0222] By measuring the receiving sensitivity of each sampling point on the corresponding spherical crown according to the simulation standard 0°, a baseline judgment can be made to determine whether the directional antenna has a problem of too low receiving sensitivity in a certain radiation direction. This can simplify the testing process and facilitate accurate testing of directional antenna performance.

[0223] In one embodiment of the present application, the interval between the sampling points on the first spherical cap is greater than the interval between the sampling points on the second spherical cap; step 1002 may include: if there is more than one maximum value among the multiple first radiation powers, then from the sampling points corresponding to the more than one maximum value, determine the sampling point closest to the simulation result; and obtain the actual measurement result based on the radiation direction of the directional antenna at the nearest sampling point.

[0224] The simulated standard 0° and the actual maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna are usually not much different. Obtaining the measured standard 0° based on the sampling point closest to the simulation result helps to obtain a more accurate measured standard 0°.

[0225] In the above implementation method 3, by obtaining the measured standard 0° based on the sampling point closest to the simulation result, it is helpful to determine the highly accurate measured standard 0° through a smaller range scan in the above first fine scanning process.

[0226] In one embodiment of the present application, the electronic device is located in an electromagnetic darkroom, which includes a plurality of polarized antennas distributed in a circular shape; wherein the directional antenna is located at the center of the circle and at the origin of a spatial coordinate system, and the spatial coordinate system includes a first coordinate axis, a second coordinate axis, and a third coordinate axis.

[0227] For example, the electromagnetic darkroom can be Figure 4 In the electromagnetic darkroom 230 shown, the polarized antenna may be the polarized antenna 231 in the electromagnetic darkroom 230 .

[0228] For example, the spatial coordinate system can be Figure 6 The coordinate system xyz is shown.

[0229] Based on this structural design, the steps for measuring the radiated power of a directional antenna at any sampling point may include: controlling the position of the directional antenna so that the relative position between the directional antenna and the polarized antenna used matches the spatial coordinates of the sampling point; and measuring the radiated power of the directional antenna at the sampling point using the polarized antenna used. Optionally, the receiving sensitivity of the directional antenna at the sampling point may also be measured.

[0230] The spatial coordinates of the sampling point include a first angle between the projection of the line connecting the origin and the sampling point on the target plane and the first coordinate axis, and a second angle between the line connecting the origin and the sampling point and the third coordinate axis. The target plane is the plane where the first coordinate axis and the second coordinate axis are located.

[0231] For example, refer to Figure 6 The first angle in the spatial coordinates of the sampling point c can be the angle θ between the projection of the line segment oc (i.e., the line connecting the coordinate origin o and the sampling point c) on the oxy plane and the x-axis. The second angle in the spatial coordinates of the sampling point c can be the angle between the line segment oc and the z-axis. That is, the spatial coordinates of the sampling point can include angles θ and Angle θ and / or angles at different sampling points There are differences.

[0232] refer to Figure 5 , if the angle θ and angle are adjusted Make the sampling point Figure 5 In the positive direction of the z-axis, the polarized antenna shown by reference numeral 2311 can be used to measure EIRP. Figure 5 In the positive direction of the x-axis as shown, the polarized antenna shown by reference numeral 2312 can be used to measure EIRP.

[0233] By changing the position of the directional antenna according to the spatial coordinates of the sampling points, it is possible to traverse all the sampling points on the spherical cap without changing the setting position of the circular polarized antenna.

[0234] In one embodiment of the present application, the electromagnetic anechoic chamber further includes a turntable and a rocker, wherein the maximum rocking angle of the rocker is greater than or equal to half of the central angle between adjacent polarized antennas (such as 15°, etc.); the turntable is used to drive the directional antenna to rotate so as to change the angle between the projection of the maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna on the target plane and the first coordinate axis; the rocker is used to drive the directional antenna to swing so as to change the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna and the third coordinate axis.

[0235] For example, refer to Figure 6 When the turntable rotates, the angle θ between the projection of the maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna (such as the direction of the ray oc) on the oxy plane and the x-axis can change accordingly, and when the rocker swings, the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna and the z-axis May vary accordingly.

[0236] For example, the turntable and rocker can be Figure 4 The turntable 232 and the rocker 233 in the electromagnetic chamber 230 are shown.

[0237] Based on this structural design, the step of controlling the position of the directional antenna so that the relative position relationship between the directional antenna and the polarized antenna in use conforms to the spatial coordinates of the sampling point may include: controlling the rotation angle of the turntable based on a first angle in the spatial coordinates of the sampling point; and controlling the swing angle of the oscillator and maintaining or switching the polarized antenna in use based on a second angle in the spatial coordinates of the sampling point.

[0238] By controlling the rotation angle of the turntable, the swing angle of the rocker, and the switching of the polarized antennas used according to the spatial coordinates of the sampling points, the relative position relationship between the polarized antennas and the directional antennas used can be made consistent with the spatial coordinates of the sampling points, thereby achieving traversal of all sampling points on the spherical cap.

[0239] An embodiment of the present application also provides a directional antenna testing device, including: a first measurement module, used to measure the radiation power of the directional antenna at multiple sampling points on the first spherical cap based on the simulation results of the maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna in the electronic device to obtain multiple first radiation powers, wherein the first spherical cap is the spherical cap corresponding to the simulation results; an acquisition module, used to obtain the actual measurement result of the maximum radiation direction based on the maximum value of the multiple first radiation powers; a second measurement module, used to measure the OTA indicators of the directional antenna at multiple sampling points on the second spherical cap, wherein the second spherical cap is the spherical cap corresponding to the actual measurement results, and the interval between the sampling points on the first spherical cap is greater than or equal to the interval between the sampling points on the second spherical cap.

[0240] An embodiment of the present application also proposes a directional antenna testing device, wherein the terminal device includes a communication module, a memory for storing computer program instructions, and a processor for executing program instructions, wherein when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the terminal device is triggered to execute the method steps provided in any method embodiment of the present application.

[0241] The present application also provides a directional antenna testing system, including the directional antenna testing apparatus provided in any embodiment of the present application, and the electromagnetic anechoic chamber provided in any embodiment of the present application. The specific technical implementation of the directional antenna testing system can be found in the related technical descriptions of other embodiments of the present application and is not further described here.

[0242] In one embodiment, the directional antenna testing system may further include the comprehensive tester provided in any embodiment of the present application.

[0243] An embodiment of the present application also provides a chip, which is installed in a directional antenna testing device. The chip includes: a processor, which is used to execute computer program instructions stored in a memory, wherein when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the chip is triggered to execute the method steps provided in any method embodiment of the present application.

[0244] An embodiment of the present application also proposes a server device, which includes a communication module, a memory for storing computer program instructions, and a processor for executing program instructions. When the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the server device is triggered to execute the method steps provided by any method embodiment of the present application.

[0245] An embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, which includes multiple antennas, a memory for storing computer program instructions, a processor for executing the computer program instructions, and a communication device (such as a communication module that can implement 5G communication based on the NR protocol), wherein when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the electronic device is triggered to execute the method steps performed by the electronic device provided by any method embodiment of the present application.

[0246] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present application, one or more computer programs are stored in the above-mentioned memory, and the one or more computer programs include instructions. When the instructions are executed by the above-mentioned device, the above-mentioned device executes the method steps described in the embodiment of the present application.

[0247] Furthermore, the devices, apparatuses, and modules described in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented by computer chips or entities, or by products having certain functions.

[0248] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, apparatus, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media containing computer-usable program code.

[0249] In the several embodiments provided in this application, if any function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of this application.

[0250] Specifically, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer-readable storage medium is run on a computer, the computer executes the method steps provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0251] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program. When the computer program product is run on a computer, it enables the computer to execute the method steps provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0252] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, which may be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0253] Units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0254] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into a single processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

[0255] The integrated unit implemented in the form of a software functional unit can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The above-mentioned software functional unit is stored in a storage medium and includes a number of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or a processor to perform some steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory, a random access memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, etc., various media that can store program code.

[0256] In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, commodity, or apparatus comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, commodity, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, commodity, or apparatus comprising the element.

[0257] The present application may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions executed by a computer, such as program modules. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. The present application may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices connected through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in local and remote computer storage media, including storage devices.

[0258] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various units and algorithm steps described in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented using a combination of electronic hardware, computer software, and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0259] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that for the sake of convenience and brevity, the same or similar parts between the various embodiments of this application can be referred to in detail. For example, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described in the embodiments of this application can refer to the corresponding processes in the method embodiments of this application, and will not be repeated here.

[0260] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. The scope of protection of the present application shall be subject to the claims.

Claims

1. A directional antenna testing method, characterized in that: include: According to a simulation result of a maximum radiation direction of a directional antenna in an electronic device, measuring the radiation power of the directional antenna at multiple sampling points on a first spherical cap to obtain multiple first radiation powers, wherein the first spherical cap is a spherical cap corresponding to the simulation result; Obtaining a measurement result of the maximum radiation direction according to a maximum value among the multiple first radiation powers; Measuring over-the-air (OTA) indicators of the directional antenna at multiple sampling points on a second spherical cap, wherein the second spherical cap is a spherical cap corresponding to the measured result, and intervals between sampling points on the first spherical cap are greater than or equal to intervals between sampling points on the second spherical cap; The obtaining, according to the maximum value of the multiple first radiation powers, a measured result of the maximum radiation direction includes: measuring the radiation power of the directional antenna at multiple sampling points on the third spherical cap according to the maximum value of the multiple first radiation powers to obtain multiple second radiation powers, wherein the interval between the sampling points on the first spherical cap is greater than the interval between the sampling points on the third spherical cap; The third spherical cap is a spherical cap corresponding to a target radiation direction, and the target radiation direction is a radiation direction of the directional antenna at a sampling point corresponding to a maximum value among the multiple first radiation powers; The radiation direction of the directional antenna at the sampling point corresponding to the maximum value among the multiple second radiation powers is obtained as the measured result.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The interval between the sampling points on the second spherical cap is equal to the interval between the sampling points on the third spherical cap; Measuring the OTA indicators of the directional antenna at multiple sampling points on the second spherical cap includes: measuring the radiation power at sampling points located on the second spherical cap and not located on the third spherical cap; The radiation powers at the sampling points simultaneously located on the second spherical cap and the third spherical cap are not measured repeatedly.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The central angle of the first spherical cap is the main lobe width of the directional antenna.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method further comprises: According to the simulation results, measuring the receiving sensitivity of the directional antenna at multiple sampling points on the first spherical cap; If each measured receiving sensitivity meets the sensitivity requirement, the step of obtaining a measurement result of the maximum radiation direction according to the maximum value of the multiple first radiation powers is performed.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The interval between the sampling points on the first spherical cap is greater than the interval between the sampling points on the second spherical cap; The obtaining, according to the maximum value of the multiple first radiation powers, a measured result of the maximum radiation direction includes: If there is more than one maximum value among the plurality of first radiation powers, determining a sampling point closest to the simulation result from sampling points corresponding to the more than one maximum values; The measured result is obtained according to the radiation direction of the directional antenna at the nearest sampling point.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The electronic device is located in an electromagnetic darkroom, and the electromagnetic darkroom includes a plurality of polarized antennas distributed in a circular shape. The directional antenna is located at the center of the ring and at the origin of a spatial coordinate system, wherein the spatial coordinate system includes a first coordinate axis, a second coordinate axis, and a third coordinate axis; The steps for measuring the radiation power of the directional antenna at any sampling point include: Controlling the posture of the directional antenna so that the relative position relationship between the directional antenna and the polarized antenna used conforms to the spatial coordinates of the sampling point; The spatial coordinates include a first angle between the projection of the line connecting the origin and the sampling point on the target plane and the first coordinate axis, and a second angle between the line connecting the origin and the sampling point and the third coordinate axis; the target plane is the plane where the first coordinate axis and the second coordinate axis are located; The radiation power of the directional antenna at the sampling point is measured by the polarized antenna used.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The electromagnetic darkroom further includes a turntable and a rocker, wherein the maximum rocking angle of the rocker is greater than or equal to half of the central angle between adjacent polarized antennas; The turntable is used to drive the directional antenna to rotate so as to change the angle between the projection of the maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna on the target plane and the first coordinate axis; The swing device is used to change the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna and the third coordinate axis by driving the directional antenna to swing; The controlling the posture of the directional antenna so that the relative position relationship between the directional antenna and the polarized antenna used conforms to the spatial coordinates of the sampling point includes: controlling the rotation angle of the turntable according to a first angle in the spatial coordinates of the sampling point; According to the second angle in the spatial coordinates of the sampling point, the swing angle of the oscillator is controlled, and the polarized antenna used is maintained or switched.

8. A directional antenna testing device, characterized in that: include: a first measurement module, configured to measure, based on a simulation result of a maximum radiation direction of a directional antenna in an electronic device, the radiation power of the directional antenna at a plurality of sampling points on a first spherical cap, to obtain a plurality of first radiation powers, wherein the first spherical cap is a spherical cap corresponding to the simulation result; an acquisition module, configured to acquire a measurement result of the maximum radiation direction according to a maximum value among the multiple first radiation powers; a second measurement module, configured to measure OTA indicators of the directional antenna at multiple sampling points on a second spherical cap, wherein the second spherical cap is a spherical cap corresponding to the measured result, and the intervals between the sampling points on the first spherical cap are greater than or equal to the intervals between the sampling points on the second spherical cap; The obtaining, according to the maximum value of the multiple first radiation powers, a measured result of the maximum radiation direction includes: measuring the radiation power of the directional antenna at multiple sampling points on the third spherical cap according to the maximum value of the multiple first radiation powers to obtain multiple second radiation powers, wherein the interval between the sampling points on the first spherical cap is greater than the interval between the sampling points on the third spherical cap; The third spherical cap is a spherical cap corresponding to a target radiation direction, and the target radiation direction is a radiation direction of the directional antenna at a sampling point corresponding to a maximum value among the multiple first radiation powers; The radiation direction of the directional antenna at the sampling point corresponding to the maximum value among the multiple second radiation powers is obtained as the measured result.

9. A directional antenna testing device, characterized in that: The directional antenna testing device comprises one or more memories for storing computer program instructions, and one or more processors, wherein when the computer program instructions are executed by the one or more processors, the directional antenna testing device is triggered to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A directional antenna testing system, characterized in that: include: An electromagnetic darkroom, and a directional antenna testing device as claimed in claim 8 or 9; Wherein, the electromagnetic darkroom includes a plurality of polarized antennas distributed in a circular shape; The electromagnetic darkroom is used to place electronic equipment so that a directional antenna in the electronic equipment is located at the center of the ring and at the origin of a spatial coordinate system, wherein the spatial coordinate system includes a first coordinate axis, a second coordinate axis, and a third coordinate axis; The step of measuring the radiation power of the directional antenna at any sampling point by the directional antenna testing device includes: Controlling the posture of the directional antenna so that the relative position relationship between the directional antenna and the polarized antenna used conforms to the spatial coordinates of the sampling point; The spatial coordinates include a first angle between the projection of the line connecting the origin and the sampling point on the target plane and the first coordinate axis, and a second angle between the line connecting the origin and the sampling point and the third coordinate axis; the target plane is the plane where the first coordinate axis and the second coordinate axis are located; The radiation power of the directional antenna at the sampling point is measured by the polarized antenna used.

11. The directional antenna testing system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The electromagnetic darkroom further includes a turntable and a rocker, wherein the maximum rocking angle of the rocker is greater than or equal to half of the central angle between adjacent polarized antennas; The turntable is used to drive the directional antenna to rotate so as to change the angle between the projection of the maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna on the target plane and the first coordinate axis; The swing device is used to change the angle between the maximum radiation direction of the directional antenna and the third coordinate axis by driving the directional antenna to swing; The controlling the posture of the directional antenna so that the relative position relationship between the directional antenna and the polarized antenna used conforms to the spatial coordinates of the sampling point includes: controlling the rotation angle of the turntable according to a first angle in the spatial coordinates of the sampling point; According to the second angle in the spatial coordinates of the sampling point, the swing angle of the oscillator is controlled, and the polarized antenna used is maintained or switched.

12. A chip, characterized in that: include: A processor configured to execute computer program instructions stored in a memory, wherein when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the chip is triggered to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

13. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is run on a computer, the computer is enabled to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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