Battery management device and method

Abstract

An apparatus for managing a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a section line acquisition unit configured to acquire a measured full cell section line indicating a correspondence between a voltage and a capacity of the battery; the section line determining unit is configured to divide the measured full monomer section line into a plurality of sections according to a specified standard, adjust a preset reference positive electrode section line and a reference negative electrode section line to correspond to the plurality of sections, and generate a plurality of adjusted positive electrode section lines and a plurality of adjusted negative electrode section lines according to an adjustment result; and a control unit configured to determine a diagnostic factor of the battery in at least one of the plurality of adjusted positive electrode profile lines or the plurality of adjusted negative electrode profile lines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2022-0185081 filed in Korea on December 26, 2022, and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0121413 filed in Korea on September 12, 2023, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present disclosure relates to a battery management device and method, and more particularly, to a battery management device and method for estimating a positive electrode profile and a negative electrode profile of a battery. Background Art

[0003] Recently, the demand for portable electronic products such as notebook computers, video cameras, and mobile phones has increased dramatically, and electric vehicles, energy storage batteries, robots, artificial satellites, etc. have been intensively developed. Therefore, high-performance batteries that allow repeated charging and discharging are being actively studied.

[0004] Batteries currently available on the market include nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, nickel-zinc batteries, lithium batteries, etc. Among them, lithium batteries have attracted much attention because they have almost no memory effect compared to nickel-based batteries, and also have very low self-discharge rate and high energy density.

[0005] A lot of research is being done on these batteries in terms of increasing capacity and density, but improving lifespan and safety is also important. To improve battery safety, the current state of the battery must be accurately diagnosed.

[0006] In order to most accurately diagnose the current state of the battery, the positive and negative cross-sectional lines of the battery must be individually fixed and analyzed. However, because the disassembly and assembly of the manufactured battery is almost impossible, there is a problem that the positive and negative cross-sectional lines of the manufactured battery cannot be directly measured. Therefore, in order to more accurately diagnose the state of the battery, a technology for accurately estimating the positive and negative cross-sectional lines corresponding to the battery is required. Summary of the invention

[0007] Technical issues

[0008] The present disclosure is designed to solve the problems of the related art, and thus the present disclosure is directed to providing a battery management device and method capable of accurately estimating a positive electrode profile line and a negative electrode profile line corresponding to a battery.

[0009] These and other objects and advantages of the present disclosure can be understood from the following detailed description and will become more fully apparent from the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. In addition, it will be easily understood that the objects and advantages of the present disclosure can be achieved by the means shown in the attached claims and their combinations.

[0010] Technical Solutions

[0011] A battery management device according to one aspect of the present disclosure may include: a profile acquisition unit, which is configured to obtain a measured full-cell profile representing the corresponding relationship between the voltage and capacity of the battery; a profile determination unit, which is configured to divide the measured full-cell profile into multiple sections according to a predetermined standard, adjust a preset reference positive electrode profile and a reference negative electrode profile to correspond to the multiple sections, and generate multiple adjusted positive electrode profiles and multiple adjusted negative electrode profiles according to the adjustment results; and a control unit, which is configured to determine a diagnostic factor of the battery from at least one of the multiple adjusted positive electrode profiles and the multiple adjusted negative electrode profiles.

[0012] The profile obtaining unit may be configured to further obtain a full-cell differential profile corresponding to the measured full-cell profile and indicating a corresponding relationship between the capacity and the differential voltage.

[0013] The profile determination unit may be configured to divide the measured whole-cell profile into a plurality of sections based on at least one of a plurality of peaks included in the whole-cell differential profile.

[0014] The profile determination unit may be configured to divide the measured whole-cell profile into a plurality of sections based on the volumes of a plurality of peaks included in the whole-cell differential profile.

[0015] The profile determination unit may be configured to generate an adjusted positive profile and an adjusted negative profile corresponding to each of the plurality of sections by adjusting the reference positive profile and the reference negative profile to correspond to each of the plurality of sections.

[0016] The profile determination unit may be configured to generate a plurality of adjusted positive profiles such that an end point of an adjusted positive profile for a previous section is the same as a start point of an adjusted positive profile for a next section.

[0017] The profile determination unit may be configured to generate a plurality of adjusted negative profiles such that an end point of an adjusted negative profile for a previous section is the same as a start point of an adjusted negative profile for a next section.

[0018] The control unit may be configured to determine a positive factor included in the diagnosis factor based on the plurality of adjusted positive profiles and to determine a negative factor included in the diagnosis factor based on the plurality of adjusted negative profiles.

[0019] A battery pack according to another aspect of the present disclosure may include the battery management device according to one aspect of the present disclosure.

[0020] A vehicle according to still another aspect of the present disclosure may include the battery management device according to one aspect of the present disclosure.

[0021] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a battery management method may include: a profile acquisition step, which obtains a measured full-cell profile representing the corresponding relationship between the voltage and capacity of the battery; a profile adjustment step, which divides the measured full-cell profile into multiple sections according to a predetermined standard and adjusts a preset reference positive electrode profile and a reference negative electrode profile to correspond to the multiple sections; a profile generation step, which generates multiple adjusted positive electrode profiles and multiple adjusted negative electrode profiles according to the adjustment results; and a factor determination step, which determines a diagnostic factor of the battery from at least one of the multiple adjusted positive electrode profiles and the multiple adjusted negative electrode profiles.

[0022] Effect of the Invention

[0023] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a battery management device has an advantage of being able to estimate a positive electrode profile and a negative electrode profile of a battery that cannot be directly measured by adjusting a reference positive electrode profile and a reference negative electrode profile.

[0024] In addition, since the battery management device can determine the diagnostic factor indicating the current state of the battery, the current state of the battery can be diagnosed based on the diagnostic factor. In other words, the battery management device has the advantage of being able to determine the diagnostic factor that can diagnose the current state of the battery in a non-destructive manner.

[0025] The effects of the present disclosure are not limited to the above-mentioned effects, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the foregoing disclosure, are used to provide a further understanding of the technical features of the present disclosure, and therefore, the present disclosure is not to be construed as being limited to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a battery management device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating measuring a full-body cross-section line according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 3 is a diagram showing a reference positive electrode cross-section line, a reference negative electrode cross-section line, and a reference whole-cell cross-section line according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating a measured full-monobody cross-section line and a reference full-monobody cross-section line according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating a reference full monolithic cross-section and a comparative full monolithic cross-section according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 6 is a diagram showing a full-monobody differential cross-section according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 7 is a diagram showing a measurement of a full monolithic section line and multiple sections according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating a measured full-monobody cross-section line and a first comparative full-monobody cross-section line according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] Fig. 9 is a diagram showing a full-monobody differential cross-section according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0036] Fig.10 is a diagram showing a measurement of a full monolithic section line and multiple sections according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] Fig.11 is a diagram illustrating a measured full-monobody cross-section line and a second comparative full-monobody cross-section line according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0038] Fig.12 is a diagram showing a positive electrode differential cross-section line according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0039] Fig.13 is a diagram showing a negative electrode differential cross-section line according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] Fig.14 is a diagram showing a reference positive electrode cross-section line and a reference negative electrode cross-section line according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0041] Fig.15 is a diagram illustrating a measured full-monobody cross-section line and a third comparative full-monobody cross-section line according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0042] Fig.16 is a diagram schematically showing an exemplary configuration of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0043] Fig.17 is a diagram schematically showing a vehicle according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0044] Fig.18 is a diagram schematically illustrating a battery management method according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] It should be understood that the terms used in this specification and the appended claims should not be interpreted as limited to general and dictionary meanings, but should be interpreted based on the meanings and concepts corresponding to the technical aspects of the present disclosure based on the principle of allowing the inventor to appropriately define the terms to achieve the best interpretation.

[0046] Therefore, the descriptions presented herein are only preferred examples for illustrative purposes, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, and it should be appreciated that other equivalents and modifications may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0047] Furthermore, in describing the present disclosure, when it is considered that the detailed description of related known elements or functions makes the key subject matter of the present disclosure unclear, the detailed description is omitted herein.

[0048] Terms including ordinal numbers such as “first,” “second,” etc. may be used to distinguish one element from another among various elements, but are not intended to limit the elements by the terms.

[0049] Throughout the specification, when a part is referred to as “comprising” or “including” any element, unless explicitly stated otherwise, it means that the part can further include other elements while not excluding other elements.

[0050] Furthermore, throughout the specification, when a part is referred to as being “connected” to another part, it is not limited to the case where they are “directly connected” but also includes the case where they are “indirectly connected” with another element interposed therebetween.

[0051] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] Figure 1 is a diagram schematically showing a battery management device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0053] refer to Figure 1 The battery management device 100 may include a profile obtaining unit 110 , a profile determining unit 120 and a control unit 130 .

[0054] Here, a battery means a physically separable independent cell including a negative terminal and a positive terminal. For example, a lithium-ion battery or a lithium polymer battery can be regarded as a battery. In addition, the type of the battery can be cylindrical, prismatic or pouch type. In addition, a battery can mean a battery bank, a battery module, or a battery pack, in which a plurality of cells are connected in series and / or in parallel. Hereinafter, for ease of explanation, a battery is interpreted as meaning an independent cell.

[0055] The profile obtaining unit 110 may be configured to obtain a measured full-cell profile M indicating a corresponding relationship between a voltage and a capacity of a battery.

[0056] Specifically, the measurement all-cell profile line M is a profile line indicating the corresponding relationship between voltage (V) and capacity (Q) when the SOC of the battery is charged from 0% to 100%.

[0057] For example, in charging or discharging to generate the measured full-cell profile M, there is no particular limitation on the C rate. However, preferably, in order to more accurately obtain the measured full-cell profile M and the full-cell differential profile D, the battery should be charged or discharged at a low rate. For example, in the process of charging or discharging the battery at 0.05C, the measured full-cell profile M can be generated.

[0058] For example, the section line obtaining unit 110 may directly receive the measured full-cell section line M of the battery from the outside. That is, the section line obtaining unit 110 may obtain the measured full-cell section line M by receiving the measured full-cell section line M through a wired and / or wireless connection to the outside.

[0059] As another example, the profile obtaining unit 110 may receive battery information about the voltage and capacity of the battery. In addition, the profile obtaining unit 110 may obtain the measured full-cell profile M by generating the measured full-cell profile M based on the received battery information.

[0060] Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating a measurement of a full-monomer section line M according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0061] For example, in Figure 2 In the embodiment of the present invention, the measured full-cell profile M may be expressed as a two-dimensional XY graph with the X-axis set to capacity [Ah] and the Y-axis set to voltage [V].

[0062] The section line obtaining unit 110 may be connected to communicate with the control unit 130. For example, the section line obtaining unit 110 may be connected to the control unit 130 by wire and / or wirelessly. The section line obtaining unit 110 may send the obtained measured full-monomer section line M to the section line determining unit 120.

[0063] The section line determination unit 120 may be configured to divide the measured whole-body section line M into a plurality of sections according to a predetermined standard.

[0064] Specifically, the section line determination unit 120 may divide the measurement full-cell section line M into a plurality of sections according to a predetermined capacity standard.

[0065] For example, the section line determination unit 120 may divide the entire capacity section where the full-cell section line M is measured into a plurality of sections based on the capacity value determined according to a predetermined capacity standard.

[0066] The profile determining unit 120 may be configured to adjust a preset reference positive profile Rp and a reference negative profile Rn to correspond to a plurality of sections.

[0067] Here, the reference positive electrode section line Rp may be a section line indicating the corresponding relationship between the capacity and voltage of a reference positive electrode cell preset to correspond to the positive electrode of the battery. For example, the reference positive electrode cell may be a positive electrode coin half cell or a positive electrode of a three-electrode cell. In addition, the reference negative electrode section line Rn may be a section line indicating the corresponding relationship between the capacity and voltage of a reference negative electrode cell preset to correspond to the negative electrode of the battery. For example, the reference negative electrode cell may be a negative electrode coin half cell or a negative electrode of a three-electrode cell.

[0068] Figure 3 is a diagram showing a reference positive electrode section line Rp, a reference negative electrode section line Rn, and a reference whole-cell section line R according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0069] exist Figure 3 In the embodiment of the present invention, in the reference positive electrode profile Rp, the positive electrode participation starting point is pi0, and the positive electrode participation end point is pf0. In the reference negative electrode profile Rn, the negative electrode participation starting point is ni0, and the negative electrode participation end point is nf0. The reference full-cell profile R can be expressed as the difference between the positive electrode potential of the reference positive electrode profile Rp and the negative electrode potential of the reference negative electrode profile Rn according to the standard for the same capacity.

[0070] For example, when the measured full-cell section line M is divided into a plurality of sections, the section line determination unit 120 may adjust the reference positive section line Rp and the reference negative section line Rn to correspond to each section of the measured full-cell section line M. If the measured full-cell section line M is divided into n sections (where n is a natural number of 2 or greater), the reference positive section line Rp and the reference negative section line Rn may be adjusted to correspond to each of the n sections. That is, n adjustment results of the reference positive section line Rp and the reference negative section line Rn may be derived.

[0071] Specifically, the profile determination unit 120 can generate a plurality of comparative full-cell profiles S by shifting or capacity scaling the reference positive profile Rp and the reference negative profile Rn, and specify a comparative full-cell profile with a minimum error among the plurality of comparative full-cell profiles for each section of the measured full-cell profile M. In addition, an adjusted positive profile and an adjusted negative profile corresponding to the comparative full-cell profile specified for each section in the measured full-cell profile M can be determined.

[0072] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating a measured full-monobody section line M and a reference full-monobody section line R according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0073] exist Figure 4In an embodiment, the reference full-cell profile R and the measured full-cell profile M may be different so that they do not correspond to each other. For example, the voltage section of the measured full-cell profile M and the reference full-cell profile R is the same as 3.0 [V] to 4.0 [V], but the capacity section of the measured full-cell profile M is 5 [Ah] to 45 [Ah], while the capacity section of the reference full-cell profile R may be 5 [Ah] to 50 [Ah]. Because the reference full-cell profile R and the measured full-cell profile M are different from each other, the profile determination unit 120 may adjust the reference positive electrode profile Rp and the reference negative electrode profile Rn to correspond to the measured full-cell profile M.

[0074] The profile determining unit 120 may be configured to generate a plurality of adjusted positive electrode profiles and a plurality of adjusted negative electrode profiles according to the adjustment result.

[0075] Specifically, each adjusted positive electrode profile is the result of adjusting the reference positive electrode profile Rp for the corresponding segment, and each adjusted negative electrode profile is the result of adjusting the reference negative electrode profile Rn for the corresponding segment. That is, an adjusted positive electrode profile and an adjusted negative electrode profile can be specified for each of the multiple segments. In addition, the combined result of the multiple adjusted positive electrode profiles and the combined result of the multiple adjusted negative electrode profiles can be strongly estimated as the positive electrode profile and the negative electrode profile of the battery.

[0076] Figure 5 is a diagram showing a reference full-monobody section line R and a comparative full-monobody section line S according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 5 In the embodiment of the present invention, the adjusted positive electrode section line Rp' is the result of combining multiple adjusted positive electrode section lines for multiple sections, and the adjusted negative electrode section line Rn' is the result of combining multiple adjusted negative electrode section lines for multiple sections. In addition, the comparison full-cell section line S is a section line based on the adjusted positive electrode section line Rp' and the adjusted negative electrode section line Rn'.

[0077] For example, in Figure 5 In the embodiment, the reference positive electrode section line Rp can be adjusted to the adjusted positive electrode section line Rp', and the reference negative electrode section line Rn can be adjusted to the adjusted negative electrode section line Rn'. That is, the reference full-monomer section line R can be adjusted to the comparative full-monomer section line S. Specifically, the positive electrode participation starting point pi0 of the reference positive electrode section line Rp can be adjusted to the positive electrode participation starting point pi of the adjusted positive electrode section line Rp', and the positive electrode participation end point pf0 of the reference positive electrode section line Rp can be adjusted to the positive electrode participation end point pf of the adjusted positive electrode section line Rp'. The negative electrode participation starting point ni0 of the reference negative electrode section line Rn can be adjusted to the negative electrode participation starting point ni of the adjusted negative electrode section line Rn', and the negative electrode participation end point nf0 of the reference negative electrode section line Rn can be adjusted to the negative electrode participation end point nf of the adjusted negative electrode section line Rn'.

[0078] The control unit 130 may be configured to determine a diagnostic factor of the battery from at least one of the adjusted positive electrode profile Rp′ and the adjusted negative electrode profile Rn′.

[0079] Specifically, the diagnostic factor may include at least one of a positive electrode factor and a negative electrode factor. That is, the control unit 130 may be configured to determine the positive electrode factor of the battery based on a plurality of adjusted positive electrode profiles. In addition, the control unit 130 may be configured to determine the negative electrode factor of the battery based on a plurality of adjusted negative electrode profiles.

[0080] For example, the positive electrode factor may include the positive electrode participation starting point pi, the positive electrode participation end point pf, and the positive electrode change rate ps.

[0081] The positive electrode participation starting point pi is the starting point for adjusting the positive electrode profile Rp'. Figure 5 In the embodiment, the positive electrode participation starting point pi is the point in the positive electrode profile Rp' that is adjusted to correspond to the capacity 5 [Ah].

[0082] The positive electrode participation end point pf is the end point of adjusting the positive electrode profile Rp'. Figure 5 In the embodiment, the positive electrode participation end point pf is the point in the positive electrode profile Rp' that is adjusted to correspond to the capacity of 45 [Ah].

[0083] The positive change rate ps may mean the change rate [%] of the adjusted positive section line Rp' relative to the reference positive section line Rp. Specifically, the positive change rate ps may be the contraction ratio or expansion ratio of the adjusted positive section line Rp' relative to the reference positive section line Rp. For example, if the contraction of the adjusted positive section line Rp' from the reference positive section line Rp is 10%, the positive change rate ps is 90%. On the contrary, if the adjusted positive section line Rp' extends 10% from the reference positive section line Rp, the positive change rate ps is 110%. Preferably, the control unit 130 may determine the positive change rate for each of the plurality of sections.

[0084] As another example, the negative electrode factor may include a negative electrode participation starting point ni, a negative electrode participation end point nf, and a negative electrode change rate ns.

[0085] The negative electrode participation starting point ni is the starting point for adjusting the negative electrode profile Rn'. Figure 5 In the embodiment, the negative electrode participation starting point ni is a point in the negative electrode profile Rn' that corresponds to the capacity 5 [Ah].

[0086] The negative electrode participation end point nf is the end point of the adjusted negative electrode profile Rn'. Figure 5 In the embodiment, the negative electrode participation end point nf is a point in the negative electrode profile Rn' that is adjusted to correspond to a capacity of 45 [Ah].

[0087] The negative pole change rate ns may mean the change rate [%] of the adjusted negative pole section line Rn' relative to the reference negative pole section line Rn. Specifically, the negative pole change rate ns may be the contraction ratio or expansion ratio of the adjusted negative pole section line Rn' relative to the reference negative pole section line Rn. For example, if the contraction of the adjusted negative pole section line Rn' from the reference negative pole section line Rn is 10%, the negative pole change rate ns is 90%. On the contrary, if the adjusted negative pole section line Rn' extends 10% from the reference negative pole section line Rn, the negative pole change rate ns is 110%. Preferably, the control unit 130 may determine the negative pole change rate for each of the plurality of sections.

[0088] The battery management device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure has the advantage of being able to estimate the positive and negative electrode profiles of a battery that cannot be directly measured by adjusting the reference positive electrode profile Rp and the reference negative electrode profile Rn. In addition, because the battery management device 100 can determine a diagnostic factor representing the current state of the battery, the current state of the battery can be diagnosed based on the diagnostic factor. In other words, the battery management device 100 has the advantage of being able to determine a diagnostic factor that can diagnose the current state of the battery in a non-destructive manner.

[0089] For example, it is assumed that the control unit 130 determines the positive electrode change rate ps as a diagnostic factor. The control unit 130 may compare the determined positive electrode change rate ps with a standard change rate preset for the battery. In addition, the control unit 130 may diagnose the state of the battery based on the ratio difference between the positive electrode change rate ps and the standard change rate. If the calculated ratio difference is greater than or equal to a threshold value, the control unit 130 may diagnose the state of the battery as an abnormal state or a degraded state. On the contrary, if the ratio difference is less than the threshold value, the control unit 130 may diagnose the state of the battery as a normal state.

[0090] As another example, assume that the control unit 130 determines the positive electrode change rate ps of the plurality of batteries as a diagnostic factor. The control unit 130 can diagnose the relative degree of degradation of the plurality of batteries by comparing the magnitudes of the plurality of positive electrode change rates ps that have been determined. For example, the control unit 130 can diagnose that the greater the determined positive electrode change rate ps, the more the battery has degraded.

[0091] In the above, an embodiment has been described in which the control unit 130 diagnoses the battery state using the positive electrode change rate ps, but it is noted that the battery state may be diagnosed based on at least one of the diagnosis factors.

[0092] In addition, the control unit 130 may diagnose the state of the battery by combining the diagnosis results of a plurality of diagnosis factors. For example, the control unit 130 may diagnose the state of the battery based on the majority of the diagnosis results among the plurality of diagnosis factors.

[0093] Meanwhile, the control unit 130 provided in the battery management device 100 may optionally include a processor, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), other chipsets, logic circuits, registers, communication modems, data processing devices, etc. known in the art to execute various control logics executed in the present disclosure. In addition, when the control logic is implemented in software, the control unit 130 may be implemented as a set of program modules. At this time, the program module may be stored in a memory and executed by the control unit 130. The memory may be located inside or outside the control unit 130, and may be connected to the control unit 130 through various well-known devices.

[0094] In addition, the battery management device 100 may further include a storage unit 140. The storage unit 140 may store data required for the operation and function of each component of the battery management device 100, data generated in the process of performing an operation or function, and the like. The storage unit 140 is not particularly limited in its kind as long as it is a known information storage device capable of recording, erasing, updating, and reading data. As an example, the information storage device may include a RAM, a flash memory, a ROM, an EEPROM, a register, and the like. In addition, the storage unit 140 may store a program code in which a process executable by the control unit 130 is defined.

[0095] For example, the storage unit 140 may store a reference positive cross-section Rp, a reference negative cross-section Rn, a reference full-cell cross-section R, a measured full-cell cross-section M, an adjusted positive cross-section Rp′, an adjusted negative cross-section Rn′, a compared full-cell cross-section S, a positive factor, a negative factor, and the like.

[0096] In the following, reference Figures 6 to 8 , a first embodiment in which the profile determining unit 120 adjusts the reference positive electrode profile Rp and the reference negative electrode profile Rn will be described in detail.

[0097] Specifically, Figure 6 is a diagram showing a full-monobody differential cross-section line D according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 7 is a diagram showing a measurement of a full-body section line M and a plurality of sections according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating a measured full-monobody section line M and a first comparative full-monobody section line S1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0098] The profile obtaining unit 110 may be configured to further obtain a full-cell differential profile D corresponding to the measured full-cell profile M and indicating a corresponding relationship between the capacity and the differential voltage.

[0099] Specifically, the full-cell differential profile D is a profile obtained by differentiating the measured full-cell profile M with respect to the capacity. In other words, the full-cell differential profile D is a profile that represents the corresponding relationship between the capacity and the differential voltage. Here, the differential voltage is a value obtained by differentiating the voltage (V) with respect to the capacity (Q), and can be expressed as "dV / dQ".

[0100] For example, in Figure 6 In the embodiment of FIG. 1 , the full-cell differential profile D may be expressed as a two-dimensional XY graph with the X-axis set to capacity [Ah] and the Y-axis set to differential voltage [dV / dQ].

[0101] For example, the section line obtaining unit 110 may directly receive the full-cell differential section line D of the battery from the outside. That is, the section line obtaining unit 110 may obtain the full-cell differential section line D by receiving the full-cell differential section line D by being connected to the outside in a wired and / or wireless manner.

[0102] As another example, the section line obtaining unit 110 may generate the full-monomer differential section line D based on the received measured full-monomer section line M or the directly generated measured full-monomer section line M. That is, the section line obtaining unit 110 may obtain the full-monomer differential section line D by directly generating the full-monomer differential section line D by differentiating the measured full-monomer section line M with respect to the capacity.

[0103] The section line obtaining unit 110 may send the obtained all-monomer differential section line D to the section line determining unit 120 .

[0104] The profile determination unit 120 may be configured to divide the measured whole-monomer profile M into a plurality of sections based on at least one of a plurality of peaks included in the whole-monomer differential profile D. As shown in FIG.

[0105] Specifically, the peak refers to a point corresponding to the inflection point of the measured full-cell profile M. In other words, the peak refers to a point where the instantaneous rate of change of the differential voltage and capacity in the full-cell differential profile D is 0. For example, the maximum point and the minimum point of the full-cell differential profile D can be determined as peaks.

[0106] For example, in Figure 6 In the embodiment of the invention, the profile determination unit 120 may determine the first to seventh peaks p1 to p7 in the full-monomer differential profile D. Here, the first peak p1, the third peak p3, the fifth peak p5, and the seventh peak p7 are peaks corresponding to the minimum point of the full-monomer differential profile D, and the second peak p2, the fourth peak p4, and the sixth peak p6 are peaks corresponding to the maximum point of the full-monomer differential profile D.

[0107] Specifically, the profile determination unit 120 may be configured to divide the measured full-monomer profile M into a plurality of sections based on the capacities of a plurality of peaks included in the full-monomer differential profile D. As shown in FIG.

[0108] For example, in Figure 7 In the embodiment of the present invention, the profile determination unit 120 can divide the measured full-monomer profile M into the first to eighth sections R1 to R8 according to the multiple capacities Q1 to Q7 corresponding to the first to seventh peaks p1 to p7. Here, the first section R1 is a capacity section from 0 [Ah] to Q1, the second section R2 is a capacity section from Q1 to Q2, and the third section R3 is a capacity section from Q2 to Q3. The fourth section R4 is a capacity section from Q3 to Q4, the fifth section R5 is a capacity section from Q4 to Q5, and the sixth section R6 is a capacity section from Q5 to Q6. The seventh section R7 is a capacity section from Q6 to Q7, and the eighth section R8 is a capacity section from Q7 to 45 [Ah].

[0109] In addition, the profile determining unit 120 may be configured to adjust the reference positive profile Rp and the reference negative profile Rn to correspond to each of the plurality of sections. That is, the profile determining unit 120 may be configured to generate an adjusted positive profile and an adjusted negative profile corresponding to each of the plurality of sections.

[0110] Specifically, the reference positive electrode section line Rp and the reference negative electrode section line Rn may be adjusted to correspond to each section where the full-cell section line M is measured.

[0111] For example, in Figure 7 In an embodiment of the present invention, the section line determination unit 120 may adjust the reference positive section line Rp and the reference negative section line Rn relative to the first section R1 of the measured full-cell section line M. Specifically, among the multiple comparative full-cell section lines generated by the section line determination unit 120, the comparative full-cell section line that is most similar to the measured full-cell section line M in the first section R1 (e.g., having a smaller error) may be specified. In addition, the section line determination unit 120 may determine a first adjusted positive section line Rp1' and a first adjusted negative section line Rn1' corresponding to the specified comparative full-cell section line.

[0112] In the same manner, the section line determination unit 120 may determine second to eighth adjusted positive section lines Rp2 ′ to Rp8 ′ and second to eighth adjusted negative section lines Rn2 ′ to Rn8 ′ for each of the second to eighth sections R2 to R8 of the measurement full-cell section line M.

[0113] For example, in Figure 8In the embodiment, the first adjusted positive section line Rp1' and the first adjusted negative section line Rn1' corresponding to the first section R1 can be determined, and the second adjusted positive section line Rp2' and the second adjusted negative section line Rn2' corresponding to the second section R2 can be determined. The third adjusted positive section line Rp3' and the third adjusted negative section line Rn3' corresponding to the third section R3 can be determined, and the fourth adjusted positive section line Rp4' and the fourth adjusted negative section line Rn4' corresponding to the fourth section R4 can be determined. The fifth adjusted positive section line Rp5' and the fifth adjusted negative section line Rn5' corresponding to the fifth section R5 can be determined, and the sixth adjusted positive section line Rp6' and the sixth adjusted negative section line Rn6' corresponding to the sixth section R6 can be determined. A seventh adjusted positive section line Rp7 ′ and a seventh adjusted negative section line Rn7 ′ corresponding to the seventh section R7 may be determined, and an eighth adjusted positive section line Rp8 ′ and an eighth adjusted negative section line Rn8 ′ corresponding to the eighth section R8 may be determined.

[0114] The control unit 130 may determine a positive electrode factor from each of the plurality of adjusted positive electrode profiles Rp1' to Rp8', and determine a negative electrode factor from each of the plurality of adjusted negative electrode profiles Rn1' to Rn8'. In addition, the control unit 130 may diagnose the positive electrode state of the battery in the corresponding section based on each of the plurality of determined positive electrode factors. In addition, the control unit 130 may diagnose the negative electrode state of the battery in the corresponding section based on each of the plurality of determined negative electrode factors.

[0115] exist Figure 8 In the embodiment, the control unit 130 can determine the positive electrode participation starting points pi1 to pi8, the positive electrode participation end points pf1 to pf8, and the positive electrode change rates ps1 to ps8 of the first to eighth adjusted positive electrode profiles Rp1' to Rp8'. Similarly, the control unit 130 can determine the negative electrode participation starting points ni1 to ni8, the negative electrode participation end points nf1 to nf8, and the negative electrode change rates ns1 to ns8 of the first to eighth adjusted negative electrode profiles Rn1' to Rn8'.

[0116] For example, the control unit 130 may determine the degree of positive electrode degradation of each of the first to eighth sections R1 to R8 by considering a plurality of positive electrode change rates ps1 to ps8. Specifically, the control unit 130 may determine the positive electrode change rate of each of the first to eighth sections R1 to R8 as the degree of positive electrode degradation in the corresponding section. Therefore, the control unit 130 may determine the section in which the positive electrode is most degraded among the first to eighth sections R1 to R8.

[0117] As another example, the control unit 130 may determine the degree of negative electrode degradation of each of the first to eighth sections R1 to R8 by considering a plurality of negative electrode change rates ns1 to ns8. Specifically, the control unit 130 may determine the negative electrode change rate for each of the first to eighth sections R1 to R8 as the degree of negative electrode degradation in the corresponding section. Therefore, the control unit 130 may determine the section with the most negative electrode degradation among the first to eighth sections R1 to R8.

[0118] exist Figure 8 In the embodiment of the present invention, the profile determination unit 120 can determine the first comparison full-cell profile S1 corresponding to the measured full-cell profile M based on the first to eighth adjusted positive electrode profiles Rp1' to Rp8' and the first to eighth adjusted negative electrode profiles Rn1' to Rn8'. The control unit 130 can determine the positive electrode participation starting point of the battery as pi1, and the positive electrode participation end point as pf8. In addition, the control unit 130 can determine the negative electrode participation starting point of the battery as ni1, and the negative electrode participation end point as nf8.

[0119] Preferably, the profile determination unit 120 may be configured to generate a plurality of adjusted positive profiles Rp1' to Rp8', so that the end point of the adjusted positive profile Rp' for the previous section is the same as the starting point of the adjusted positive profile Rp' for the next section. Similarly, the profile determination unit 120 may be configured to generate a plurality of adjusted negative profiles Rn1' to Rn8', so that the end point of the adjusted negative profile Rn' for the previous section is the same as the starting point of the adjusted negative profile Rn' for the next section.

[0120] Specifically, because the plurality of adjusted positive electrode sections Rp1' to Rp8' are determined as a whole as the adjusted positive electrode section Rp' of the battery, the plurality of adjusted positive electrode sections Rp1' to Rp8' must be continuous. Similarly, because the plurality of adjusted negative electrode sections Rn1' to Rn8' are determined as a whole as the adjusted negative electrode section Rn' of the battery, the plurality of adjusted negative electrode sections Rn1' to Rn8' must be continuous.

[0121] For example, in Figure 8 In the embodiment of the present invention, the profile determination unit 120 may set the positive electrode participation starting point pi2 of the second adjusted positive electrode profile Rp2' to be equal to the positive electrode participation end point pf1 of the first adjusted positive electrode profile Rp1', and then determine the positive electrode participation end point pf2 of the second adjusted positive electrode profile Rp2'. Similarly, the profile determination unit 120 may set the positive electrode participation starting points pi3 to pi8 of the third to eighth adjusted positive electrode profiles Rp3' to Rp8' to correspond to the positive electrode participation end points pf2 to pf7 of the second to seventh adjusted positive electrode profiles Rp2' to Rp7', respectively.

[0122] In addition, Figure 8In the embodiment of the present invention, the profile determination unit 120 may set the negative electrode participation starting point ni2 of the second adjusted negative electrode profile Rn2' to be equal to the negative electrode participation end point nf1 of the first adjusted negative electrode profile Rn1', and then determine the negative electrode participation end point nf2 of the second adjusted negative electrode profile Rn2'. Similarly, the profile determination unit 120 may set the negative electrode participation starting points ni3 to ni8 of the third to eighth adjusted negative electrode profiles Rn3' to Rn8' to correspond to the negative electrode participation end points nf2 to nf7 of the second to seventh adjusted negative electrode profiles Rn2' to Rn7', respectively.

[0123] In addition, Figure 8 In the embodiment of the invention, the control unit 130 may determine the positive electrode participation starting point of the adjusted positive electrode profile Rp' of the battery as pi1, and the positive electrode participation end point as pf8. In addition, the control unit 130 may determine the negative electrode participation starting point of the adjusted negative electrode profile Rn' of the battery as ni1, and the negative electrode participation end point as nf8.

[0124] Because the battery management device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure determines the adjusted positive electrode profile and the adjusted negative electrode profile for each of the multiple sections, the positive electrode degradation and the negative electrode degradation of the battery for each of the multiple sections can be determined. That is, the battery management device 100 has the advantage of being able to estimate the positive electrode degradation and the negative electrode degradation for each detailed section, thereby deriving a diagnostic factor that can more accurately diagnose the state of the battery. In addition, the battery management device 100 has the advantage of being able to more accurately and precisely diagnose the state of the positive and negative electrodes of the battery through the derived diagnostic factors.

[0125] In the following, reference Figures 9 to 11 , a second embodiment in which the profile determining unit 120 adjusts the reference positive polarity profile Rp and the reference negative polarity profile Rn will be described in detail.

[0126] Fig. 9 is a diagram showing a full-monobody differential cross-section line D according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig.10 is a diagram illustrating a measurement full-monobody section line M and a plurality of sections R1 to R5 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig.11 is a diagram illustrating a measured full-monomer section line M and a second comparative full-monomer section line S2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0127] The profile determination unit 120 may be configured to divide the measured whole-monomer profile M into a plurality of sections R1 to R5 based on a plurality of reference peaks included in the whole-monomer differential profile D. As shown in FIG.

[0128] Specifically, the reference peak is the peak corresponding to the minimum point of the full monomer differential profile line D. For example, Fig. 9 In the embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of reference peaks may include a first peak p1, a third peak p3, a fifth peak p5, and a seventh peak p7.

[0129] exist Fig.10 In the embodiment of the invention, the profile determination unit 120 can divide the full monomer profile M into the first to fifth sections R1 to R5 according to the multiple capacities Q1, Q3, Q5 and Q7 corresponding to the reference peaks p1, p3, p5 and p7. Here, the first section R1 is a capacity section from 0 [Ah] to Q1, the second section R2 is a capacity section from Q1 to Q3, and the third section R3 is a capacity section from Q3 to Q5. The fourth section R4 is a capacity section from Q5 to Q7, and the fifth section R5 is a capacity section from Q7 to 45 [Ah].

[0130] The section line determining unit 120 may be configured to set a weight for each of the plurality of sections R1 to R5 .

[0131] Here, the weight set for each of the plurality of sections R1 to R5 is a value between 0 and 1, and the sum of the set weights is 1.

[0132] For example, the control unit 130 may set the weights of the first to fifth sections R1 to R5 at 0.2.

[0133] As another example, the control unit 130 may set the weights of the first to fifth sections R1 to R5 according to the importance of the first to fifth sections R1 to R5. Specifically, among the multiple sections R1 to R5, some are sections reflecting the state of the positive electrode of the battery, while others are sections reflecting the state of the negative electrode of the battery. Therefore, the control unit 130 may set the importance of the section corresponding to the item to be diagnosed among the multiple sections R1 to R5 to be high. In addition, the weight of the section with high importance may be set to be greater than the weight of other sections.

[0134] Specifically, the profile determination unit 120 may be configured to set a weight for a target segment including at least one of a plurality of target peaks included in the full-monomer differential profile D to be greater than weights of the remaining segments.

[0135] Specifically, the target peak is the peak corresponding to the maximum point of the full-monomer differential profile line D. For example, Fig. 9 In the embodiment, the plurality of target peaks may include a second peak p2, a fourth peak p4, and a sixth peak p6.

[0136] The control unit 130 may select at least one of the multiple target peaks according to the diagnostic target, and determine the segment including the selected target peak as the target segment. For example, if the diagnostic item is a negative state, the control unit 130 may determine the second segment R2 including the second peak p2 as the target segment, and set the weight of the second segment R2 to the maximum. As another example, if the diagnostic item is a positive state, the control unit 130 may determine the fourth segment R4 including the sixth peak p6 as the target segment, and set the weight of the fourth segment R4 to the maximum.

[0137] The profile determination unit 120 may be configured to adjust the reference positive profile Rp and the reference negative profile Rn to correspond to the measured full-cell profile M based on the weights.

[0138] Specifically, the section line determination unit 120 may be configured to generate a second comparative full-cell section line S2 based on the adjusted positive section line Rp′ and the adjusted negative section line Rn′.

[0139] For example, the profile determination unit 120 may generate a plurality of comparative full-cell profiles by shifting or capacity scaling the reference positive profile Rp and the reference negative profile Rn. Fig.11 In the embodiment of the present invention, the profile determination unit 120 can determine the second comparison full-cell profile S2 corresponding to the measured full-cell profile M based on the adjusted positive profile Rp' and the adjusted negative profile Rn'. The control unit 130 can determine the positive electrode of the battery to participate in the starting point as pi, and the positive electrode to participate in the end point as pf. In addition, the control unit 130 can determine the negative electrode of the battery to participate in the starting point as ni, and the negative electrode to participate in the end point as nf.

[0140] In addition, the profile determination unit 120 may be configured to adjust the reference positive profile Rp and the reference negative profile Rn so that the error rate between the comparison full-cell profile S and the measurement full-cell profile M decreases as the weight of the set segment increases.

[0141] For example, the profile determination unit 120 can specify a comparative full-monomer profile with a low error rate among multiple comparative full-monomer profiles in the order of the largest weight among multiple sections R1 to R5 of the measured full-monomer profile M. Assuming that 100 comparative full-monomer profiles have been generated and the target section is the second section R2, the profile determination unit 120 can specify a second comparative full-monomer profile S2 with the lowest error rate in the second section R2 among the 100 comparative full-monomer profiles. In addition, the profile determination unit 120 can determine the adjusted positive electrode profile Rp' and the adjusted negative electrode profile Rn' corresponding to the specified second comparative full-monomer profile S2. If there are multiple comparative full-monomer profiles with the lowest error rate in the second section R2, the profile determination unit 120 can specify a second comparative full-monomer profile S2 with a lower overall error rate for the entire capacity section of the measured full-monomer profile M.

[0142] The battery management device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure has the advantage of being able to determine a diagnostic factor that better reflects the battery state because it adjusts the reference positive electrode profile Rp and the reference negative electrode profile Rn to correspond to the diagnostic item. In other words, because the optimal diagnostic factor corresponding to the diagnostic item can be determined, the battery state can be diagnosed more accurately.

[0143] In the following, reference Figures 12 to 15 , a third embodiment in which the profile determining unit 120 adjusts the reference positive polarity profile Rp and the reference negative polarity profile Rn will be described in detail.

[0144] Fig.12 is a diagram showing a positive electrode differential cross-sectional line DRp according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig.13 is a diagram showing a negative electrode differential cross-sectional line DRn according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig.14 is a diagram showing a reference positive electrode section line Rp and a reference negative electrode section line Rn according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig.15 is a diagram illustrating a measured full-monobody section line M and a third comparative full-monobody section line S3 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0145] The profile obtaining unit 110 may be configured to obtain at least one of a positive differential profile DRp corresponding to a reference positive profile Rp and a negative differential profile DRn corresponding to a reference negative profile Rn as an electrode differential profile.

[0146] Specifically, the positive electrode differential section line DRp is a section line obtained by differentiating the reference positive electrode section line Rp with respect to the capacity, and the negative electrode differential section line DRn is a section line obtained by differentiating the reference negative electrode section line Rn with respect to the capacity.

[0147] For example, in Fig.12In the embodiment of , the positive electrode differential profile DRp can be expressed as a two-dimensional XY graph with the X-axis set to capacity [Ah] and the Y-axis set to differential voltage [dV / dQ]. Fig.13 In the embodiment of FIG. 5 , the negative electrode differential profile line DRn may be expressed as a two-dimensional XY graph having an X-axis set to capacity [Ah] and a Y-axis set to differential voltage [dV / dQ].

[0148] For example, the profile obtaining unit 110 may directly receive the positive differential profile DRp and the negative differential profile DRn of the battery from the outside. That is, the profile obtaining unit 110 may receive information from the outside via wired and / or wireless. As another example, the profile obtaining unit 110 may generate the positive differential profile DRp and the negative differential profile DRn based on the reference positive profile Rp and the reference negative profile Rn.

[0149] The profile determination unit 120 may be configured to divide a corresponding reference electrode profile among the reference positive profile Rp and the reference negative profile Rn into a plurality of electrode segments based on at least one of a plurality of electrode peaks included in the electrode differential profile.

[0150] Specifically, the positive differential profile line DRp may include a plurality of positive peaks, and the negative differential profile line DRn may include a plurality of negative peaks.

[0151] exist Fig.12 In the embodiment of the present invention, the positive differential profile line DRp may include first to fourth positive peaks pp1, pp2, pp3 and pp4. Specifically, the positive peak may include a peak corresponding to the maximum point of the positive differential profile line DRp. The positive peak may include a peak corresponding to the minimum point having the maximum capacity among the multiple maximum points of the positive differential profile line DRp. The capacity of the first positive peak pp1 is Qp1, the capacity of the second positive peak pp2 is Qp2, the capacity of the third positive peak pp3 is Qp3, and the capacity of the fourth positive peak pp4 is Qp4.

[0152] exist Fig.13 In the embodiment of the present invention, the negative electrode differential profile line DRn may include first to third negative electrode peaks np1, np2, and np3. Specifically, the negative electrode peak may include a peak corresponding to a maximum point of the negative electrode differential profile line DRn. The capacity of the first negative electrode peak np1 is Qn1, the capacity of the second negative electrode peak np2 is Qn2, and the capacity of the third negative electrode peak np3 is Qn3.

[0153] exist Fig.14In the embodiment of the present invention, the section line determination unit 120 may divide the reference positive section line Rp into first to fifth positive sections PR1 to PR5. The first positive section PR1 is a capacity section of 5 [Ah] to Qp1, and the second positive section PR2 is a capacity section of Qp1 to Qp2. The third positive section PR3 is a capacity section of Qp2 to Qp3, the fourth positive section PR4 is a capacity section of Qp3 to Qp4, and the fifth positive section PR5 is a capacity section of Qp4 to 50 [Ah].

[0154] In addition, in the profile determination unit 120, the reference negative electrode profile Rn may be divided into first to fourth negative electrode sections NR1 to NR4. The first negative electrode section NR1 is a capacity section of 5 [Ah] to Qn1, and the second negative electrode section NR2 is a capacity section of Qn1 to Qn2. The third negative electrode section NR3 is a capacity section of Qn2 to Qn3, and the fourth negative electrode section NR4 is a capacity section of Qn3 to 50 [Ah].

[0155] The profile determination unit 120 may be configured to adjust the reference positive profile Rp and the reference negative profile Rn to correspond to the measured whole-cell profile M while adjusting each of the plurality of electrode sections.

[0156] Specifically, the profile determination unit 120 may be configured to independently adjust each of the plurality of electrode segments. That is, the profile determination unit 120 may determine the adjusted positive profile Rp' and the adjusted negative profile Rn' corresponding to the measured full-cell profile M by independently adjusting the change rate of each of the plurality of electrode segments.

[0157] The adjusted positive section line Rp' may be divided into a plurality of adjusted positive sections PR1' to PR5', and the adjusted negative section line Rn' may be divided into a plurality of adjusted negative sections NR1' to NR4'. Each of the plurality of adjusted positive sections PR1' to PR5' is obtained by changing each of the plurality of positive sections PR1 to PR5 of the reference positive section line Rp, and each of the plurality of adjusted negative sections NR1' to NR4' is obtained by changing each of the plurality of negative sections NR1 to NR4 of the reference negative section line Rn.

[0158] For example, in Fig.15In the embodiment of, the adjustment positive section line Rp' can be divided into the first to fifth adjustment positive sections PR1' to PR5', and each of the first to fifth adjustment positive sections PR1' to PR5' corresponds to each of the first to fifth positive sections PR1 to PR5 of the reference positive section line Rp. The first adjustment positive section PR1' is a section in which the first positive section PR1 is changed, and the second adjustment positive section PR2' is a section in which the second positive section PR2 is changed. The third adjustment positive section PR3' is a section in which the third positive section PR3 is changed, the fourth adjustment positive section PR4' is a section in which the fourth positive section PR4 is changed, and the fifth adjustment positive section PR5' is a section in which the fifth positive section PR5 is changed. The control unit 130 can determine the positive participation starting point pi and the positive participation end point pf of the adjustment positive section line Rp'. In addition, the control unit 130 can determine the positive change rate ps1 to ps5 for each of the first to fifth adjusted positive sections RP1' to PR5'. For example, the control unit 130 can determine the ratio of the first adjusted positive section PR1' to the first positive section PR1 as the positive change rate ps1 for the first adjusted positive section PR1'. That is, the control unit 130 can determine the positive change rates ps1 to ps5 for multiple adjusted positive sections RP1' to PR5' by calculating the change rate of the adjusted positive sections RP1' to PR5' relative to the positive sections PR1 to PR5. Similarly, the control unit 130 can determine the positive change rates ps2 to ps5 for the second to fifth adjusted positive sections PR2' to PR5'.

[0159] Similarly, in Fig.15In the embodiment of the invention, the adjustment negative electrode profile Rn' can be divided into the first to fourth adjustment negative electrode sections NR1' to NR4', and each of the first to fourth adjustment negative electrode sections NR1' to NR4' corresponds to each of the first to fourth negative electrode sections NR1 to NR4 of the reference negative electrode profile Rn. The first adjustment negative electrode section NR1' is a section in which the first negative electrode section NR1 is changed, and the second adjustment negative electrode section NR2' is a section in which the second negative electrode section NR2 is changed. The third adjustment negative electrode section NR3' is a section in which the third negative electrode section NR3 is changed, and the fourth adjustment negative electrode section NR4' is a section in which the fourth negative electrode section NR4 is changed. The control unit 130 can determine the negative electrode participation starting point ni and the negative electrode participation end point nf of the adjustment negative electrode profile Rn'. In addition, the control unit 130 can determine the negative electrode change rate ns1 to ns4 for each of the first to fourth adjustment negative electrode sections NR1' to NR4'. For example, the control unit 130 may determine the ratio of the first adjustment negative section NR1' to the first negative section NR1 as the negative change rate ns1 for the first adjustment negative section NR1'. That is, the control unit 130 may determine the negative change rates for the plurality of adjustment negative sections NR1' to NR4' by calculating the change rates of the adjustment negative sections NR1' to NR4' relative to the negative sections NR1 to NR4. Similarly, the control unit 130 may determine the negative change rates ns2 to ns4 for the second to fourth adjustment negative sections NR2' to NR4'.

[0160] The section line determination unit 120 may determine a third comparative full-cell section line S3 corresponding to the measured full-cell section line M based on the adjusted positive section line Rp′ and the adjusted negative section line Rn′. Fig.15 In the embodiment of the present invention, the control unit 130 may determine the positive electrode of the battery to participate in the starting point as pi, and the positive electrode to participate in the end point as pf. In addition, the control unit 130 may determine the negative electrode of the battery to participate in the starting point as ni, and the negative electrode to participate in the end point as nf.

[0161] In other words, if the positive differential profile DRp is included in the electrode differential profile, the profile determination unit 120 may be configured to divide the reference positive profile Rp into a plurality of positive segments based on at least one of the plurality of positive peaks included in the positive differential profile DRp. In addition, if the negative differential profile DRn is included in the electrode differential profile, the profile determination unit 120 may be configured to divide the reference negative profile Rn into a plurality of negative segments based on at least one of the plurality of negative peaks included in the negative differential profile DRn. Figure 12 to Figure 14, an embodiment has been described in which both the positive differential section line DRp and the negative differential section line DRn are included in the electrode differential section line, the reference positive section line Rp is divided into a plurality of positive sections, and the reference negative section line Rn is divided into a plurality of negative sections. However, depending on the embodiment, the positive differential section line DRp or the negative differential section line DRn may be included in the electrode differential section line.

[0162] The battery management device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can determine the adjustment of the positive electrode profile and the adjustment of the negative electrode profile by adjusting multiple positive electrode segments and / or multiple negative electrode segments respectively. In other words, the battery management device 100 has the advantage of being able to determine detailed diagnostic factors of the battery. Therefore, based on these diagnostic factors, the state of the battery can be diagnosed in more detail and more accurately.

[0163] The battery management device 100 according to the present disclosure may be applied to a BMS (battery management system). That is, the BMS according to the present disclosure may include the above-mentioned battery management device 100. In this configuration, at least some components of the battery management device 100 may be implemented by supplementing or adding functions of the configuration included in a conventional BMS. For example, the profile acquisition unit 110, the profile determination unit 120, the control unit 130, and the storage unit 140 may be implemented as components of the BMS.

[0164] The battery management device 100 according to the present disclosure may be provided in a battery pack. That is, the battery pack according to the present disclosure may include the above-mentioned battery management device 100 and one or more battery cells. In addition, the battery pack may further include electrical devices (relays, fuses, etc.) and a housing.

[0165] Fig.16 is a diagram showing an exemplary configuration of a battery pack 1 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0166] The positive terminal of the battery 10 may be connected to the positive terminal P+ of the battery pack 1 , and the negative terminal of the battery 10 may be connected to the negative terminal P− of the battery pack 1 .

[0167] The measuring unit 20 may be connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery 10. In addition, the measuring unit 20 may measure the voltage of the battery 10 by measuring the positive and negative electrode potentials of the battery 10 and calculating the difference between the positive and negative electrode potentials.

[0168] In addition, the measuring unit 20 may be connected to an ammeter A. For example, the ammeter A may be an ammeter or a shunt resistor capable of measuring the charging current and the discharging current of the battery 10. The measuring unit 20 may calculate the charging amount by measuring the charging current of the battery 10 using the ammeter A. In addition, the measuring unit 20 may calculate the discharging amount by measuring the discharging current of the battery 10 using the ammeter A.

[0169] For example, information about the voltage and capacity of the battery 10 measured by the measurement unit 20 may be transmitted to the profile obtaining unit 110. In addition, the profile obtaining unit 110 may directly generate the measurement whole-cell profile M based on the received information about the voltage and capacity.

[0170] As another example, information about the voltage and capacity of the battery 10 measured by the measuring unit 20 may be stored in the storage unit 140. When charging or discharging of the battery 10 is completed, the profile obtaining unit 110 may access the storage unit 140 to obtain the measured full-cell profile M.

[0171] As yet another example, the measurement unit 20 may directly generate the measured full-cell profile line M based on the information on the measured voltage and capacity of the battery 10 . In this case, the generated measured full-cell profile line M may be transmitted to the profile obtaining unit 110 and also stored in the storage unit 140 .

[0172] A charging / discharging device or load may be connected to the positive terminal P+ and the negative terminal P− of the battery pack 1 .

[0173] Fig.17 is a diagram schematically illustrating a vehicle 1700 according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0174] See also Fig.17 , the battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may be included in a vehicle 1700 such as an electric vehicle (EV) or a hybrid vehicle (HV). In addition, the battery pack 1710 may drive the vehicle 1700 by supplying power to a motor via an inverter provided in the vehicle 1700. Here, the battery pack 1710 may include a battery management device 100. That is, the vehicle 1700 may include the battery management device 100. In this case, the battery management device 100 may be an on-board device included in the vehicle 1700.

[0175] Fig.18 is a diagram schematically illustrating a battery management method according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0176] refer to Fig.18 The battery management method may include a profile obtaining step (S100), a profile adjusting step (S200), a profile generating step (S300), and a factor determining step (S400).

[0177] Preferably, each step of the battery management method may be performed by the battery management device 100. Hereinafter, for the convenience of explanation, contents overlapping with the previously described contents will be omitted or briefly described.

[0178] The profile obtaining step ( S100 ) is a step of obtaining a measured all-cell profile M indicating a corresponding relationship between a voltage and a capacity of a battery, and may be performed by the profile obtaining unit 110 .

[0179] For example, the section line obtaining unit 110 may directly receive the measured full-cell section line M of the battery from the outside. That is, the section line obtaining unit 110 may obtain the measured full-cell section line M by receiving the measured full-cell section line M through a wired and / or wireless connection to the outside.

[0180] As another example, the profile obtaining unit 110 may receive battery information about the voltage and capacity of the battery. In addition, the profile obtaining unit 110 may obtain the measured full-cell profile M by generating the measured full-cell profile M based on the received battery information.

[0181] The profile adjustment step (S200) is a step of determining whether to divide the measured full-cell profile M into multiple segments according to a predetermined standard, and adjusting the preset reference positive profile Rp and reference negative profile Rn to correspond to the measured full-cell profile M or multiple segments depending on whether the measured full-cell profile M is divided, and can be performed by the profile determination unit 120.

[0182] In one embodiment, if the measured full-cell section line M is divided into a plurality of sections, the section line determination unit 120 may adjust the reference positive section line Rp and the reference negative section line Rn to correspond to each section of the measured full-cell section line M. Here, if the plurality of sections are divided into n sections, the reference positive section line Rp and the reference negative section line Rn may be adjusted for each of the n sections. Figure 8 In the embodiment of the present invention, the section line determination unit 120 may adjust the reference positive section line Rp and the reference negative section line Rn to correspond to the first to eighth sections R1 to R8, respectively.

[0183] In another embodiment, if the measured full-cell section line M is not divided into a plurality of sections, the section line determination unit 120 may adjust the reference positive section line Rp and the reference negative section line Rn to correspond to the entire section of the measured full-cell section line M. Here, an adjustment result of the reference positive section line Rp and the reference negative section line Rn may be derived. Fig.11 In the embodiment of , the profile determination unit 120 can determine the target section for measuring the full-cell profile M, and adjust the reference positive profile Rp and the reference negative profile Rn so that the error rate in the target section is the lowest. As another example, in Fig.15 In the embodiment of the present invention, the profile determination unit 120 may divide the reference positive profile Rp and / or the reference negative profile Rn into a plurality of electrode segments and adjust each of the plurality of electrode segments to correspond to the measured full-cell profile M.

[0184] The profile generating step ( S300 ) is a step of generating an adjusted positive electrode profile Rp′ and an adjusted negative electrode profile Rn′ according to the adjustment result, and may be performed by the profile determining unit 120 .

[0185] For example, in Figure 8 In the embodiment of the present invention, the section line determination unit 120 can determine the first to eighth adjusted positive section lines Rp1' to Rp8' and the first to eighth adjusted negative section lines Rn1' to Rn8' relative to the first to eighth sections R1 to R8. The first comparison full-cell section line S1 can be determined based on the plurality of adjusted positive section lines Rp1' to Rp8' and the plurality of adjusted negative section lines Rn1' to Rn8'.

[0186] As another example, in Fig.11 In the embodiment, the section line determination unit 120 can determine the adjusted positive section line Rp' and the adjusted negative section line Rn' with the lowest error rate for the determined target section. The second comparison full-cell section line S2 can be determined based on the adjusted positive section line Rp' and the adjusted negative section line Rn'.

[0187] As another example, in Fig.15 In the embodiment of the present invention, the section line determination unit 120 can determine the adjusted positive section line Rp' and the adjusted negative section line Rn' by adjusting the first to fifth positive sections PR1 to PR5 and the first to fourth negative sections NR1 to NR4 respectively. The third comparison full-cell section line S3 can be determined based on the adjusted positive section line Rp' and the adjusted negative section line Rn'.

[0188] The factor determination step ( S400 ) is a step of determining a positive electrode factor of a battery in adjusting the positive electrode profile Rp′ and determining a negative electrode factor of a battery in adjusting the negative electrode profile Rn′, and may be performed by the control unit 130 .

[0189] Specifically, the control unit 130 may determine the positive electrode participation starting point, positive electrode participation end point and positive electrode change rate in the adjusted positive electrode profile Rp', and determine the negative electrode participation starting point, negative electrode participation end point and negative electrode change rate in the adjusted negative electrode profile Rn'.

[0190] The embodiments of the present disclosure described above may be implemented not only by devices and methods, but may be implemented by a program that implements functions corresponding to the configuration of the embodiments of the present disclosure or a recording medium on which the program is recorded. Based on the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art may easily implement the program or recording medium.

[0191] The present disclosure has been described in detail. However, the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating preferred embodiments of the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration only, since various changes and modifications within the scope of the present disclosure will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description.

[0192] In addition, without departing from the technical aspects of the present disclosure, those skilled in the art may make many substitutions, modifications and changes to the present disclosure described above, and the present disclosure is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments and drawings, and each embodiment may be selectively combined in part or in whole to allow various modifications.

[0193] (Explanation of Reference Numerals)

[0194] 1: Battery Pack

[0195] 10: Battery

[0196] 20: Measurement unit

[0197] 100: Battery management device

[0198] 110: Section line acquisition unit

[0199] 120: Section line determination unit

[0200] 130: Control unit

[0201] 140: Storage unit

[0202] 1700: Vehicles

[0203] 1710: Battery Pack

Claims

1. A battery management device, comprising: a profile obtaining unit configured to obtain a measured full-cell profile indicating a corresponding relationship between a voltage and a capacity of a battery; a profile determination unit, the profile determination unit being configured to divide the measured full-cell profile into a plurality of sections according to a predetermined standard, adjust a preset reference positive electrode profile and a reference negative electrode profile to correspond to the plurality of sections, and generate a plurality of adjusted positive electrode profiles and a plurality of adjusted negative electrode profiles according to the adjustment result; as well as A control unit is configured to determine a diagnostic factor of the battery from at least one of the plurality of adjusted positive electrode profiles and the plurality of adjusted negative electrode profiles.

2. The battery management device according to claim 1, in, The profile obtaining unit is configured to further obtain a full-cell differential profile corresponding to the measured full-cell profile and indicating a corresponding relationship between capacity and differential voltage, and The section line determination unit is configured to divide the measured full-monomer section line into the plurality of sections based on at least one of the plurality of peaks included in the full-monomer differential section line.

3. The battery management device according to claim 2, in, The profile determination unit is configured to divide the measured whole-cell profile into the plurality of sections based on the volumes of the plurality of peaks included in the whole-cell differential profile.

4. The battery management device according to claim 2, in, The profile determination unit is configured to generate the adjusted positive profile and the adjusted negative profile corresponding to each of the plurality of sections by adjusting the reference positive profile and the reference negative profile to correspond to each of the plurality of sections.

5. The battery management device according to claim 4, in, The section line determination unit is configured to generate the plurality of adjusted positive section lines such that an end point of the adjusted positive section line for a previous section is the same as a start point of the adjusted positive section line for a next section.

6. The battery management device according to claim 4, in, The profile determination unit is configured to generate the plurality of adjusted negative profiles such that an end point of the adjusted negative profile for a previous section is the same as a start point of the adjusted negative profile for a next section.

7. The battery management device according to claim 1, in, The control unit is configured to determine a positive factor included in the diagnosis factor based on the plurality of adjusted positive profiles and to determine a negative factor included in the diagnosis factor based on the plurality of adjusted negative profiles.

8. A battery pack comprising the battery management device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A vehicle comprising the battery management device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A battery management method, comprising: A profile obtaining step, wherein the profile obtaining step obtains a measured full-cell profile indicating a corresponding relationship between a voltage and a capacity of a battery; a section line adjustment step, wherein the section line adjustment step divides the measured full-cell section line into a plurality of sections according to a predetermined standard and adjusts a preset reference positive section line and a reference negative section line to correspond to the plurality of sections; A section line generating step, wherein the section line generating step generates a plurality of adjusted positive electrode section lines and a plurality of adjusted negative electrode section lines according to the adjustment result; as well as A factor determining step of determining a diagnostic factor of the battery from at least one of the plurality of adjusted positive electrode profiles and the plurality of adjusted negative electrode profiles.

Images