Battery management device and method

Abstract

A battery management device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a section line acquisition unit configured to acquire a measurement full cell section line indicating a correspondence relationship between a voltage and a capacity of a battery; a section line determination unit configured to divide at least one of a preset reference positive electrode section line and a reference negative electrode section line into a plurality of electrode sections, and adjust the reference positive electrode section line and the reference negative electrode section line to correspond to a measurement full cell section line while adjusting each of the plurality of electrode sections, generating an adjusting positive electrode section line and an adjusting negative electrode section line according to the adjusting result; and a control unit configured to determine a diagnostic factor for the battery according to at least one of the adjusted positive profile and the adjusted negative profile.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application claims priority from Korean Patent Application No. 10-2022-0187182 filed on December 28, 2022, in Korea and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0121411 filed on September 12, 2023, in Korea, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present disclosure relates to a battery management apparatus and method, and more particularly to a battery management apparatus and method for estimating a positive electrode profile and a negative electrode profile of a battery. Background Art

[0003] Recently, the demand for portable electronic products such as notebook computers, cameras, and portable phones has increased dramatically, and electric vehicles, energy storage batteries, robots, satellites, etc. have been steadily developed. Therefore, high-performance batteries that allow repeated charging and discharging are being actively studied.

[0004] Currently commercially available batteries include nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, nickel-zinc batteries, lithium batteries, etc. Among them, lithium batteries have attracted much attention because they have almost no memory effect compared to nickel-based batteries, and also have very low self-discharge rate and high energy density.

[0005] Many studies have been conducted on these batteries in terms of increased capacity and density, but improving lifespan and safety is also important. In order to improve battery safety, the current state of the battery must be accurately diagnosed.

[0006] In order to most accurately diagnose the current state of the battery, the positive and negative electrode profiles of the battery must be fixed and analyzed separately. However, since the disassembly and assembly of the manufactured battery is almost impossible, there is a problem that it is impossible to directly measure the positive and negative electrode profiles of the manufactured battery. Therefore, in order to more accurately diagnose the state of the battery, technology is needed to accurately estimate the positive and negative electrode profiles corresponding to the battery. Summary of the invention

[0007] Technical issues

[0008] The present disclosure is designed to solve the problems of the related art, and thus the present disclosure is directed to providing a battery management apparatus and method capable of accurately estimating a positive electrode profile and a negative electrode profile corresponding to a battery.

[0009] These and other objects and advantages of the present disclosure can be understood from the following detailed description and will become more apparent from the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. In addition, it will be easily understood that the objects and advantages of the present disclosure can be achieved by the means shown in the appended claims and their combinations.

[0010] Technical Solutions

[0011] A battery management device according to one aspect of the present disclosure may include: a profile acquisition unit, which is configured to acquire a measured full-cell profile representing the corresponding relationship between the voltage and capacity of the battery; a profile determination unit, which is configured to divide at least one of a preset reference positive electrode profile and a reference negative electrode profile into multiple electrode segments, adjust the reference positive electrode profile and the reference negative electrode profile to correspond to the measured full-cell profile while adjusting each electrode segment in the multiple electrode segments, and generate an adjusted positive electrode profile and an adjusted negative electrode profile according to the adjustment result; and a control unit, which is configured to determine a diagnostic factor for the battery from at least one of the adjusted positive electrode profile and the adjusted negative electrode profile.

[0012] The profile line acquisition unit may be configured to acquire at least one of a positive electrode differential profile line corresponding to a reference positive electrode profile line and a negative electrode differential profile line corresponding to a reference negative electrode profile line as the electrode differential profile line.

[0013] When the positive differential profile line is included in the electrode differential profile line, the profile line determination unit may be configured to divide the reference positive profile line into a plurality of positive segments based on at least one positive peak among a plurality of positive peaks included in the positive differential profile line.

[0014] When the negative differential profile line is included in the electrode differential profile line, the profile line determination unit may be configured to divide the reference negative profile line into a plurality of negative segments based on at least one negative peak among a plurality of negative peaks included in the negative differential profile line.

[0015] The profile determination unit may be configured to independently adjust each electrode segment of the plurality of electrode segments.

[0016] The control unit may be configured to determine a positive factor included in the diagnosis factor based on the adjusted positive profile, and determine a negative factor included in the diagnosis factor based on the adjusted negative profile.

[0017] The control unit may be configured to determine a positive electrode participation start point and a positive electrode participation end point of adjusting the positive electrode profile as the positive electrode factor.

[0018] When the reference positive section line is not divided into a plurality of positive sections, the control unit may be configured to further determine a positive change rate as the positive factor, the positive change rate representing a change rate of the adjusted positive section line relative to the reference positive section line.

[0019] When the reference positive section line is divided into a plurality of positive sections, the control unit may be configured to further determine a positive change rate of each of the plurality of positive sections as a positive factor.

[0020] The control unit may be configured to determine a negative electrode participation start point and a negative electrode participation end point of adjusting the negative electrode profile as the negative electrode factor.

[0021] When the reference negative section line is not divided into a plurality of negative sections, the control unit may be configured to further determine a negative change rate as the negative factor, the negative change rate representing a change rate of the adjusted negative section line relative to the reference negative section line.

[0022] When the reference negative section line is divided into a plurality of negative sections, the control unit may be configured to further determine a negative change rate of each of the plurality of negative sections as a negative factor.

[0023] A battery pack according to another aspect of the present disclosure may include the battery management device according to an aspect of the present disclosure.

[0024] A vehicle according to still another aspect of the present disclosure may include the battery management device according to one aspect of the present disclosure.

[0025] A battery management method according to another aspect of the present disclosure may include: a profile acquisition step of acquiring a measured full-cell profile representing the corresponding relationship between the voltage and capacity of the battery; a profile adjustment step of dividing at least one of a preset reference positive electrode profile and a reference negative electrode profile into a plurality of electrode segments, and adjusting the reference positive electrode profile and the reference negative electrode profile to correspond to the measured full-cell profile while adjusting each of the plurality of electrode segments; a profile generation step of generating an adjusted positive electrode profile and an adjusted negative electrode profile according to the adjustment result; and a factor determination step of determining a diagnostic factor of the battery from at least one of the adjusted positive electrode profile and the adjusted negative electrode profile.

[0026] Beneficial Effects

[0027] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a battery management device has an advantage of being able to estimate a positive electrode profile and a negative electrode profile of a battery that cannot be directly measured by adjusting a reference positive electrode profile and a reference negative electrode profile.

[0028] In addition, since the battery management device can determine the diagnostic factor indicating the current state of the battery, the current state of the battery can be diagnosed based on the diagnostic factor. In other words, the battery management device has the advantage of being able to determine the diagnostic factor that can diagnose the current state of the battery in a non-destructive manner.

[0029] The effects of the present disclosure are not limited to the above-mentioned effects, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The accompanying drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the foregoing disclosure, are used to provide a further understanding of the technical features of the present disclosure, and therefore, the present disclosure is not to be construed as being limited to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a battery management device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating measuring a full-body cross-section line according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 3 is a diagram showing a reference positive electrode cross-section line, a reference negative electrode cross-section line, and a reference whole-cell cross-section line according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating a measured full-monobody cross-section line and a reference full-monobody cross-section line according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating a reference full monolithic cross-section and a comparative full monolithic cross-section according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0036] Figure 6 is a diagram showing a positive electrode differential cross-section line according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] Figure 7 is a diagram showing a negative electrode differential cross-section line according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0038] Figure 8 is a diagram showing a reference positive electrode cross-section line and a reference negative electrode cross-section line according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0039] Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating a measured full-monobody cross-section line and a first comparative full-monobody cross-section line according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] Fig.10 is a diagram showing a full-monobody differential cross-section according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0041] Fig.11 is a diagram showing a measurement of a full-body section line and multiple sections according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0042] Fig.12 is a diagram illustrating a measured full-monobody cross-section line and a second comparative full-monobody cross-section line according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0043] Fig.13 is a diagram showing a full-monobody differential cross-section according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0044] Fig.14 is a diagram showing a measurement of a full-body section line and multiple sections according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0045] Fig.15 is a diagram illustrating a measured full-monobody cross-section line and a third comparative full-monobody cross-section line according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0046] Fig.16 is a diagram schematically showing an exemplary configuration of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0047] Fig.17 is a diagram schematically showing a vehicle according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0048] Fig.18 is a diagram schematically illustrating a battery management method according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] It should be understood that the terms used in the specification and the appended claims should not be interpreted as limited to the general and dictionary meanings, but are interpreted based on the meanings and concepts corresponding to the technical aspects of the present disclosure based on the principle that the inventor is allowed to appropriately define the terms for the best interpretation.

[0050] Therefore, the descriptions presented herein are merely preferred examples for illustrative purposes, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, and it should be appreciated that other equivalents and modifications may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0051] Furthermore, in describing the present disclosure, when it is considered that the detailed description of related known elements or functions makes the key subject matter of the present disclosure unclear, the detailed description is omitted herein.

[0052] Terms including ordinal numbers such as “first,” “second,” etc. may be used to distinguish one element from another among various elements, but are not intended to limit the elements by the terms.

[0053] Throughout the specification, when a part is referred to as “comprising” or “including” any elements, it means that the part may further include other elements, without excluding other elements, unless explicitly stated otherwise.

[0054] In addition, throughout the specification, when a part is referred to as being “connected” to another part, it is not limited to the case where they are “directly connected” but it also includes the case where they are “indirectly connected” with another element interposed therebetween.

[0055] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0056] Figure 1 is a diagram schematically showing a battery management device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0057] Reference Figure 1 The battery management device 100 may include a profile acquisition unit 110 , a profile determination unit 120 and a control unit 130 .

[0058] Here, a battery refers to a physically separable independent cell including a negative terminal and a positive terminal. For example, a lithium-ion battery or a lithium polymer battery can be regarded as a battery. In addition, the type of the battery can be cylindrical, prismatic or pouch-shaped. In addition, a battery can mean a battery bank, a battery module or a battery pack, in which a plurality of cells are connected in series and / or in parallel. In the following, for ease of explanation, a battery is interpreted as meaning an independent cell.

[0059] The profile acquisition unit 110 may be configured to acquire a measured full-cell profile M indicating a corresponding relationship between a voltage and a capacity of a battery.

[0060] Specifically, the measurement full-battery profile line M is a profile line indicating the corresponding relationship between voltage (V) and capacity (Q) when the SOC of the battery is charged from 0% to 100%.

[0061] For example, there is no particular limitation on the C rate of charging or discharging to generate the measured full-cell profile M. However, preferably, in order to more accurately obtain the measured full-cell profile M and the full-cell differential profile D, the battery should be charged or discharged at a low rate. For example, during the process of charging or discharging the battery at 0.05 C, the measured full-cell profile M can be generated.

[0062] For example, the section line acquisition unit 110 may directly receive the measured full-cell section line M of the battery from the outside. That is, the section line acquisition unit 110 may receive the measured full-cell section line M by connecting to the outside via wire and / or wireless connection to acquire the measured full-cell section line M.

[0063] As another example, the profile acquisition unit 110 may receive battery information about the voltage and capacity of the battery. In addition, the profile acquisition unit 110 may acquire the measured full-cell profile M by generating the measured full-cell profile M based on the received battery information.

[0064] Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating a measurement of a full-monomer section line M according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0065] For example, in Figure 2 In the embodiment of the present invention, the measured full-cell profile M can be represented as a two-dimensional XY graph with the X-axis set to capacity [Ah] and the Y-axis set to voltage [V].

[0066] The section line acquisition unit 110 may be connected to communicate with the control unit 130. For example, the section line acquisition unit 110 may be connected to the control unit 130 by wire and / or wirelessly. The section line acquisition unit 110 may transmit the acquired measured full-monomer section line M to the section line determination unit 120.

[0067] The section line determination unit 120 may be configured to divide at least one of the preset reference positive section line Rp and the reference negative section line Rn into a plurality of electrode segments.

[0068] Here, the reference positive electrode section line Rp may be a section line indicating the corresponding relationship between the capacity and voltage of a reference positive electrode cell preset to correspond to the positive electrode of the battery. For example, the reference positive electrode cell may be a positive electrode button half cell or a positive electrode of a three-electrode cell. In addition, the reference negative electrode section line Rn may be a section line indicating the corresponding relationship between the capacity and voltage of a reference negative electrode cell preset to correspond to the negative electrode of the battery. For example, the reference negative electrode cell may be a negative electrode button half cell or a negative electrode of a three-electrode cell.

[0069] Figure 3 is a diagram showing a reference positive electrode section line Rp, a reference negative electrode section line Rn, and a reference whole-cell section line R according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0070] exist Figure 3 In the embodiment of the reference positive electrode profile Rp, the positive electrode participation starting point is pi0, and the positive electrode participation end point is pf0. In the reference negative electrode profile Rn, the negative electrode participation starting point is ni0, and the negative electrode participation end point is nf0. The reference full-cell profile R can be expressed as the difference between the positive electrode potential of the reference positive electrode profile Rp and the negative electrode potential of the reference negative electrode profile Rn as a standard of the same capacity.

[0071] For example, the section line determination unit 120 may divide the reference positive section line Rp into a plurality of positive sections. As another example, the section line determination unit 120 may divide the reference negative section line Rn into a plurality of negative sections. As another example, the section line determination unit 120 may divide the reference positive section line Rp into a plurality of positive sections and divide the reference negative section line Rn into a plurality of negative sections. Figures 6 to 9 An embodiment is described in which the section line determination unit 120 divides the reference positive electrode section line Rp and / or the reference negative electrode section line Rn into a plurality of electrode segments.

[0072] The profile determination unit 120 may be configured to adjust the reference positive profile Rp and the reference negative profile Rn to correspond to the measured full-cell profile M while adjusting each of the plurality of electrode segments.

[0073] Specifically, the profile determination unit 120 can generate a plurality of comparative full-cell profiles S by shifting or capacity scaling the reference positive profile Rp and the reference negative profile Rn, and specify a comparative full-cell profile S having a minimum error relative to the measured full-cell profile M among the plurality of comparative full-cell profiles S. In addition, an adjusted positive profile Rp' and an adjusted negative profile Rn' corresponding to the specified comparative full-cell profile S can be determined.

[0074] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating a measured full-monobody section line M and a reference full-monobody section line R according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0075] exist Figure 4 In an embodiment, the reference full-cell profile R and the measured full-cell profile M may be different so that they do not correspond to each other. For example, the voltage range of the measured full-cell profile M and the reference full-cell profile R is the same, which is 3.0 [V] to 4.0 [V], but the capacity range of the measured full-cell profile M is 5 [Ah] to 45 [Ah], but the capacity range of the reference full-cell profile R may be 5 [Ah] to 50 [Ah]. Since the reference full-cell profile R and the measured full-cell profile M are different from each other, the profile determination unit 120 may adjust the reference positive electrode profile Rp and the reference negative electrode profile Rn to correspond to the measured full-cell profile M.

[0076] Specifically, the profile determination unit 120 may be configured to independently adjust each of the plurality of electrode segments. In other words, the profile determination unit 120 may independently adjust the change rate of each of the plurality of electrode segments.

[0077] For example, when the reference positive section line Rp is divided into n positive sections (where n is a natural number), the section line determination unit 120 can independently adjust the change rates of the n positive sections. That is, the section line determination unit 120 does not uniformly apply the change rate of the reference positive section line Rp, but can independently adjust the change rate of each positive section of the reference positive section line Rp. Similarly, when the reference negative section line Rn is divided into n negative sections, the section line determination unit 120 can independently adjust the change rates of the n negative sections.

[0078] The profile determining unit 120 may be configured to generate an adjusted positive electrode profile Rp′ and an adjusted negative electrode profile Rn′ according to the adjustment result.

[0079] Specifically, the adjusted positive electrode profile Rp' is the result of adjusting the reference positive electrode profile Rp, and the adjusted negative electrode profile Rn' is the result of adjusting the reference negative electrode profile Rn. In other words, the comparison of the full-cell profile S is specified based on the adjustment results of the reference positive electrode profile Rp and the reference negative electrode profile Rn, and the basis for comparing the full-cell profile S is the adjusted positive electrode profile Rp' and the adjusted negative electrode profile Rn'. Therefore, the adjusted positive electrode profile Rp' and the adjusted negative electrode profile Rn' can be strongly estimated as the positive electrode profile and the negative electrode profile of the battery.

[0080] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating a reference full monolithic section line R and a comparative full monolithic section line S according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0081] For example, in Figure 5 In the embodiment, the reference positive section line Rp can be adjusted to the adjusted positive section line Rp', and the reference negative section line Rn can be adjusted to the adjusted negative section line Rn'. That is, the reference full-monomer section line R can be adjusted to the comparative full-monomer section line S. Specifically, the positive electrode participation starting point pi0 of the reference positive section line Rp can be adjusted to the positive electrode participation starting point pi of the adjusted positive section line Rp', and the positive electrode participation end point pf0 of the reference positive section line Rp can be adjusted to the positive electrode participation end point pf of the adjusted positive section line Rp'. The negative electrode participation starting point ni0 of the reference negative section line Rn can be adjusted to the negative electrode participation starting point ni of the adjusted negative section line Rn', and the negative electrode participation end point nf0 of the reference negative section line Rn can be adjusted to the negative electrode participation end point nf of the adjusted negative section line Rn'.

[0082] The control unit 130 may be configured to determine a diagnostic factor of the battery from at least one of the adjusted positive electrode profile Rp′ and the adjusted negative electrode profile Rn′.

[0083] Specifically, the diagnostic factor may include at least one of a positive electrode factor and a negative electrode factor. That is, the control unit 130 may be configured to determine the positive electrode factor of the battery in adjusting the positive electrode profile Rp'. In addition, the control unit 130 may be configured to determine the negative electrode factor of the battery in adjusting the negative electrode profile Rn'.

[0084] For example, the positive electrode factor may include the positive electrode participation starting point pi, the positive electrode participation end point pf, and the positive electrode change rate ps.

[0085] The positive electrode participation starting point pi is the starting point for adjusting the positive electrode profile Rp'. Figure 5 In the embodiment, the positive electrode participation starting point pi is a point corresponding to the capacity 5 [Ah] in the adjusted positive electrode profile Rp'.

[0086] The positive electrode participation end point pf is the end point of adjusting the positive electrode profile Rp'. Figure 5In the embodiment of the present invention, the positive electrode participation end point pf is a point corresponding to the capacity 45 [Ah] in the adjusted positive electrode profile Rp'.

[0087] The positive electrode change rate ps can represent the change rate [%] of the adjusted positive electrode profile Rp' relative to the reference positive electrode profile Rp. Specifically, the positive electrode change rate ps can be the compression ratio or expansion ratio of the adjusted positive electrode profile Rp' relative to the reference positive electrode profile Rp. For example, if the contraction of the adjusted positive electrode profile Rp' and the reference positive electrode profile Rp is 10%, the positive electrode change rate ps is 90%. On the contrary, if the adjusted positive electrode profile Rp' expands 10% from the reference positive electrode profile Rp, the positive electrode change rate ps is 110%.

[0088] As another example, the negative electrode factor may include a negative electrode participation starting point ni, a negative electrode participation end point nf, and a negative electrode change rate ns.

[0089] The negative electrode participation starting point ni is the starting point for adjusting the negative electrode profile Rn'. Figure 5 In the embodiment of the present invention, the negative electrode participation starting point ni is a point corresponding to the capacity 5 [Ah] in the adjusted negative electrode profile Rn'.

[0090] The negative electrode participation end point nf is the end point of the adjusted negative electrode profile Rn'. Figure 5 In the embodiment of the present invention, the negative electrode participation end point nf is a point corresponding to the capacity 45 [Ah] in the adjusted negative electrode profile Rn'.

[0091] The negative electrode change rate ns can represent the change rate [%] of the adjusted negative electrode profile Rn' relative to the reference negative electrode profile Rn. Specifically, the negative electrode change rate ns can be the compression ratio or expansion ratio of the adjusted negative electrode profile Rn' relative to the reference negative electrode profile Rn. For example, if the contraction of the adjusted negative electrode profile Rn' and the reference negative electrode profile Rn is 10%, the negative electrode change rate ns is 90%. On the contrary, if the adjusted negative electrode profile Rn' expands 10% from the reference negative electrode profile Rn, the negative electrode change rate ns is 110%.

[0092] For example, the control unit 130 may determine the positive electrode participation starting point pi and the positive electrode participation end point pf of the adjusted positive electrode profile Rp' as the positive electrode factor. In addition, when the reference positive electrode profile Rp is not divided into a plurality of positive sections, the control unit 130 may further determine the positive electrode change rate ps as the positive electrode factor, which positive electrode change rate ps represents the change rate of the adjusted positive electrode profile Rp' relative to the reference positive electrode profile Rp. On the contrary, when the reference positive electrode profile Rp is divided into a plurality of positive sections, the control unit 130 may further determine the positive electrode change rate of each of the plurality of positive sections as the positive electrode factor.

[0093] As another example, the control unit 130 may determine the negative electrode participation starting point ni and the negative electrode participation end point nf of the adjusted negative electrode profile Rn' as the negative electrode factor. In addition, when the reference negative electrode profile Rn is not divided into a plurality of negative electrode segments, the control unit 130 may further determine the negative electrode change rate ns as the negative electrode factor, which negative electrode change rate ns represents the change rate of the adjusted negative electrode profile Rn' relative to the reference negative electrode profile Rn. On the contrary, when the reference negative electrode profile Rn is divided into a plurality of negative electrode segments, the control unit 130 may further determine the negative electrode change rate of each negative electrode segment in the plurality of negative electrode segments as the negative electrode factor.

[0094] The battery management device 100 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure has the advantage of being able to estimate the positive and negative electrode profiles of a battery that cannot be directly measured by adjusting the reference positive electrode profile Rp and the reference negative electrode profile Rn. In addition, since the battery management device 100 can determine a diagnostic factor representing the current state of the battery, the current state of the battery can be diagnosed based on the diagnostic factor. In other words, the battery management device 100 has the advantage of being able to determine a diagnostic factor that can diagnose the current state of the battery in a non-destructive manner.

[0095] For example, it is assumed that the control unit 130 determines the positive electrode change rate ps as a diagnostic factor. The control unit 130 may compare the determined positive electrode change rate ps with a standard rate preset for the battery. In addition, the control unit 130 may diagnose the state of the battery based on the ratio difference between the positive electrode change rate ps and the standard rate. If the calculated ratio difference is greater than or equal to a threshold value, the control unit 130 may diagnose the state of the battery as an abnormal state or a degraded state. On the contrary, if the ratio difference is less than the threshold value, the control unit 130 may diagnose the state of the battery as a normal state.

[0096] As another example, assume that the control unit 130 determines the positive electrode change rate ps of the plurality of batteries as a diagnostic factor. The control unit 130 can diagnose the relative degree of degradation of the plurality of batteries by comparing the magnitudes of the plurality of determined positive electrode change rates ps. For example, the control unit 130 can diagnose that the greater the determined positive electrode change rate ps, the more the battery is degraded.

[0097] In the above, an embodiment has been described in which the control unit 130 diagnoses the state of the battery using the positive electrode change rate ps, but note that the state of the battery may be diagnosed based on at least one of the diagnostic factors.

[0098] In addition, the control unit 130 may diagnose the state of the battery by combining the diagnosis results of a plurality of diagnosis factors. For example, the control unit 130 may diagnose the state of the battery based on the majority of the diagnosis results among the plurality of diagnosis factors.

[0099] Meanwhile, the control unit 130 provided in the battery management device 100 may selectively include a processor, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), other chipsets, logic circuits, registers, communication modems, data processing devices, etc. known in the art to execute various control logics executed in the present disclosure. In addition, when the control logic is implemented in software, the control unit 130 may be implemented as a set of program modules. At this time, the program modules may be stored in a memory and executed by the control unit 130. The memory may be located inside or outside the control unit 130 and may be connected to the control unit 130 by various well-known means.

[0100] In addition, the battery management device 100 may further include a storage unit 140. The storage unit 140 may store data necessary for the operation and function of each component of the battery management device 100, data generated in the process of performing an operation or function, and the like. The storage unit 140 is not particularly limited in its type as long as it is a known information storage device that can record, erase, update, and read data. As an example, the information storage device may include a RAM, a flash memory, a ROM, an EEPROM, a register, and the like. In addition, the storage unit 140 may store a program code in which a process that can be executed by the control unit 130 is defined.

[0101] For example, the storage unit 140 may store a reference positive cross-section Rp, a reference negative cross-section Rn, a reference full-cell cross-section R, a measured full-cell cross-section M, an adjusted positive cross-section Rp′, an adjusted negative cross-section Rn′, a compared full-cell cross-section S, a positive factor, a negative factor, and the like.

[0102] In the following, reference Figures 6 to 9 , a first embodiment in which the profile determining unit 120 adjusts the reference positive electrode profile Rp and the reference negative electrode profile Rn will be described in detail.

[0103] Figure 6 is a diagram showing a positive electrode differential cross-sectional line DRp according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 7 is a diagram showing a negative electrode differential cross-sectional line DRn according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 8 is a diagram showing a reference positive electrode section line Rp and a reference negative electrode section line Rn according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating a measured full-monobody section line M and a first comparative full-monobody section line S1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0104] The profile line acquisition unit 110 may be configured to acquire at least one of a positive differential profile line DRp corresponding to a reference positive profile line Rp and a negative differential profile line DRn corresponding to a reference negative profile line Rn as an electrode differential profile line.

[0105] Specifically, the positive electrode differential section line DRp is a section line obtained by differentiating the reference positive electrode section line Rp with respect to the capacity, and the negative electrode differential section line DRn is a section line obtained by differentiating the reference negative electrode section line Rn with respect to the capacity.

[0106] For example, in Figure 6 In the embodiment of the positive electrode differential profile DRp can be represented as a two-dimensional XY graph with the X-axis set to capacity [Ah] and the Y-axis set to differential voltage [dV / dQ]. Figure 7 In the embodiment of the present invention, the negative electrode differential profile line DRn can be represented as a two-dimensional XY graph with the X-axis set to capacity [Ah] and the Y-axis set to differential voltage [dV / dQ].

[0107] For example, the profile acquisition unit 110 may directly receive the positive differential profile DRp and the negative differential profile DRn of the battery from the outside. That is, the profile acquisition unit 110 may receive information from the outside by wire and / or wirelessly. As another example, the profile acquisition unit 110 may generate the positive differential profile DRp and the negative differential profile DRn based on the reference positive profile Rp and the reference negative profile Rn.

[0108] The profile determination unit 120 may be configured to divide a corresponding reference electrode profile among the reference positive profile Rp and the reference negative profile Rn into a plurality of electrode segments based on at least one of a plurality of electrode peaks included in the electrode differential profile.

[0109] Specifically, the positive differential profile line DRp may include a plurality of positive peaks, and the negative differential profile line DRn may include a plurality of negative peaks.

[0110] exist Figure 6 In the embodiment of the present invention, the positive differential profile line DRp may include first to fourth positive peaks pp1, pp2, pp3 and pp4. Specifically, the positive peak may include a peak corresponding to a maximum point of the positive differential profile line DRp. The positive peak may include a peak corresponding to a minimum point having a maximum capacity among a plurality of maximum points of the positive differential profile line DRp. The capacity of the first positive peak pp1 is Qp1, the capacity of the second positive peak pp2 is Qp2, the capacity of the third positive peak pp3 is Qp3, and the capacity of the fourth positive peak pp4 is Qp4.

[0111] exist Figure 7 In the embodiment of the present invention, the negative electrode differential profile line DRn may include first to third negative electrode peaks np1, np2, and np3. Specifically, the negative electrode peak may include a peak corresponding to a maximum value point of the negative electrode differential profile line DRn. The capacity of the first negative electrode peak np1 is Qn1, the capacity of the second negative electrode peak np2 is Qn2, and the capacity of the third negative electrode peak np3 is Qn3.

[0112] exist Figure 8 In the embodiment of the present invention, the section line determination unit 120 may divide the reference positive section line Rp into first to fifth positive sections PR1 to PR5. The first positive section PR1 is a capacity section of 5 [Ah] to Qp1, and the second positive section PR2 is a capacity section of Qp1 to Qp2. The third positive section PR3 is a capacity section of Qp2 to Qp3, the fourth positive section PR4 is a capacity section of Qp3 to Qp4, and the fifth positive section PR5 is a capacity section of Qp4 to 50 [Ah].

[0113] In addition, the reference negative electrode section line Rn may be divided into first to fourth negative electrode sections NR1 to NR4 by the section line determination unit 120. The first negative electrode section NR1 is a capacity section of 5 [Ah] to Qn1, the second negative electrode section NR2 is a capacity section of Qn1 to Qn2. The third negative electrode section NR3 is a capacity section of Qn2 to Qn3, and the fourth negative electrode section NR4 is a capacity section of Qn3 to 50 [Ah].

[0114] The profile determination unit 120 may be configured to adjust the reference positive profile Rp and the reference negative profile Rn to correspond to the measured full-cell profile M while adjusting each of the plurality of electrode segments.

[0115] Specifically, the profile determination unit 120 may be configured to independently adjust each of the plurality of electrode segments. That is, the profile determination unit 120 may determine the adjusted positive profile Rp' and the adjusted negative profile Rn' corresponding to the measured full-cell profile M by independently adjusting the change rate of each of the plurality of electrode segments.

[0116] The adjusted positive section line Rp' may be divided into a plurality of adjusted positive sections PR1' to PR5', and the adjusted negative section line Rn' may be divided into a plurality of adjusted negative sections NR1' to NR4'. Each of the plurality of adjusted positive sections PR1' to PR5' is obtained by changing each of the plurality of positive sections PR1 to PR5 of the reference positive section line Rp, and each of the plurality of adjusted negative sections NR1' to NR4' is obtained by changing each of the plurality of negative sections NR1 to NR4 of the reference negative section line Rn.

[0117] For example, in Fig. 9In the embodiment of the invention, the adjusted positive section line Rp' may be divided into the first to fifth adjusted positive sections PR1' to PR5', and each of the first to fifth adjusted positive sections PR1' to PR5' corresponds to each of the first to fifth positive sections PR1 to PR5 of the reference positive section line Rp. The first adjusted positive section PR1' is a section in which the first positive section PR1 is changed, and the second adjusted positive section PR2' is a section in which the second positive section PR2 is changed. The third adjusted positive section PR3' is a section in which the third positive section PR3 is changed, the fourth adjusted positive section PR4' is a section in which the fourth positive section PR4 is changed, and the fifth adjusted positive section PR5' is a section in which the fifth positive section PR5 is changed. The control unit 130 may determine the positive participation starting point pi and the positive participation end point pf of the adjusted positive section line Rp'. In addition, the control unit 130 can determine the positive change rate ps1 to ps5 for each of the first adjustment positive section RP1 to the fifth adjustment positive section PR5'. For example, the control unit 130 can determine the ratio of the first adjustment positive section PR1' to the first positive section PR1 as the positive change rate ps1 of the first adjustment positive section PR1'. That is, the control unit 130 can determine the positive change rates ps1 to ps5 of multiple adjustment positive sections RP1' to PR5' by calculating the change rate of the adjustment positive sections RP1' to PR5' relative to the positive sections PR1 to PR5. Similarly, the control unit 130 can determine the positive change rates ps2 to ps5 for the second to fifth adjustment positive sections PR2' to PR5'.

[0118] Similarly, in Fig. 9In the embodiment of the invention, the adjustment negative electrode profile Rn' can be divided into the first to fourth adjustment negative electrode sections NR1' to NR4', and each of the first to fourth adjustment negative electrode sections NR1' to NR4' corresponds to each of the first to fourth negative electrode sections NR1 to NR4 of the reference negative electrode profile Rn. The first adjustment negative electrode section NR1' is a section in which the first negative electrode section NR1 is changed, and the second adjustment negative electrode section NR2' is a section in which the second negative electrode section NR2 is changed. The third adjustment negative electrode section NR3' is a section in which the third negative electrode section NR3 is changed, and the fourth adjustment negative electrode section NR4' is a section in which the fourth negative electrode section NR4 is changed. The control unit 130 can determine the negative electrode participation starting point ni and the negative electrode participation end point nf of the adjustment negative electrode profile Rn'. In addition, the control unit 130 can determine the negative electrode change rate ns1 to ns4 for each of the first to fourth adjustment negative electrode sections NR1' to NR4'. For example, the control unit 130 may determine the ratio of the first adjusted negative section NR1' to the first negative section NR1 as the negative change rate ns1 of the first adjusted negative section NR1'. That is, the control unit 130 may determine the negative change rates of the plurality of adjusted negative sections NR1' to NR4' by calculating the change rates of the adjusted negative sections NR1' to NR4' of the negative sections NR1 to NR4. Similarly, the control unit 130 may determine the negative change rates ns2 to ns4 of the second to fourth adjusted negative sections NR2' to NR4'.

[0119] The section line determination unit 120 may determine a first comparative full-cell section line S1 corresponding to the measured full-cell section line M based on the adjusted positive section line Rp′ and the adjusted negative section line Rn′. Fig. 9 In the embodiment of the present invention, the control unit 130 may determine the positive electrode of the battery to participate in the starting point as pi and the positive electrode to participate in the end point as pf. In addition, the control unit 130 may determine the negative electrode of the battery to participate in the starting point as ni and the negative electrode to participate in the end point as nf.

[0120] In other words, if the positive differential profile DRp is included in the electrode differential profile, the profile determination unit 120 may be configured to divide the reference positive profile Rp into a plurality of positive segments based on at least one positive peak among the plurality of positive peaks included in the positive differential profile DRp. In addition, if the negative differential profile DRn is included in the electrode differential profile, the profile determination unit 120 may be configured to divide the reference negative profile Rn into a plurality of negative segments based on at least one negative peak among the plurality of negative peaks included in the negative differential profile DRn. Figures 6 to 8, an embodiment has been described in which both the positive differential section line DRp and the negative differential section line DRn are included in the electrode differential section line, the reference positive section line Rp is divided into a plurality of positive sections, and the reference negative section line Rn is divided into a plurality of negative sections. However, depending on the embodiment, the positive differential section line DRp or the negative differential section line DRn may be included in the electrode differential section line.

[0121] The battery management device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can determine the adjusted positive electrode profile and the adjusted negative electrode profile by adjusting a plurality of positive electrode segments and / or a plurality of negative electrode segments, respectively. In other words, the battery management device 100 has the advantage of being able to determine detailed diagnostic factors of the battery. Therefore, based on these diagnostic factors, the state of the battery can be diagnosed in more detail and accurately.

[0122] In the following, reference Figures 10 to 12 , a second embodiment in which the profile determining unit 120 adjusts the reference positive profile Rp and the reference negative profile Rn will be described in detail.

[0123] Specifically, Fig.10 is a diagram showing a full-monobody differential cross-section line D according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig.11 is a diagram showing a measurement of a full-body section line M and a plurality of sections according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig.12 is a diagram illustrating a measured full-monomer section line M and a second comparative full-monomer section line S2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0124] The profile acquisition unit 110 may be configured to further acquire a full-cell differential profile D corresponding to the measured full-cell profile M and indicating a corresponding relationship between the capacity and the differential voltage.

[0125] Specifically, the full-cell differential profile D is a profile obtained by differentiating the measured full-cell profile M relative to the capacity. In other words, the full-cell differential profile D is a profile that represents the corresponding relationship between the capacity and the differential voltage. Here, the differential voltage is a value obtained by differentiating the voltage (V) relative to the capacity (Q), and can be expressed as "dV / dQ".

[0126] For example, in Fig.10 In the embodiment of the present invention, the full-cell differential profile D can be represented as a two-dimensional XY graph with the X-axis set to capacity [Ah] and the Y-axis set to differential voltage [dV / dQ].

[0127] For example, the section line acquisition unit 110 may directly receive the full-cell differential section line D of the battery from the outside. That is, the section line acquisition unit 110 may receive the full-cell differential section line D by connecting to the outside by wire and / or wirelessly to acquire the full-cell differential section line D.

[0128] As another example, the section line acquisition unit 110 may generate a full-monomer differential section line D based on a received measured full-monomer section line M or a directly generated measured full-monomer section line M. That is, the section line acquisition unit 110 may directly generate a full-monomer differential section line D by differentiating the measured full-monomer section line M relative to the capacity to acquire the full-monomer differential section line D.

[0129] The section line acquisition unit 110 may transmit the acquired all-monomer differential section line D to the section line determination unit 120 .

[0130] The profile determination unit 120 may be configured to divide the measured whole-monomer profile M into a plurality of sections based on at least one of a plurality of peaks included in the whole-monomer differential profile D. As shown in FIG.

[0131] Specifically, the peak refers to a point corresponding to the inflection point of the measured full-cell profile M. In other words, the peak refers to a point where the instantaneous rate of change of the differential voltage to the capacity in the full-cell differential profile D is 0. For example, the maximum value point and the minimum value point of the full-cell differential profile D can be determined as the peak.

[0132] For example, in Fig.10 In the embodiment of the invention, the profile determination unit 120 may determine the first to seventh peaks p1 to p7 in the full-monomer differential profile D. Here, the first peak p1, the third peak p3, the fifth peak p5, and the seventh peak p7 are peaks corresponding to the minimum value point of the full-monomer differential profile D, and the second peak p2, the fourth peak p4, and the sixth peak p6 are peaks corresponding to the maximum value point of the full-monomer differential profile D.

[0133] Specifically, the profile determination unit 120 may be configured to divide the measured full-monomer profile M into a plurality of sections based on the volumes of a plurality of peaks included in the full-monomer differential profile D. As shown in FIG.

[0134] For example, in Fig.11 In an embodiment of the present invention, the profile determination unit 120 may divide the measured full-monomer profile M into the first to eighth sections R1 to R8 according to the multiple capacities Q1 to Q7 corresponding to the first to seventh peaks p1 to p7. Here, the first section R1 is a capacity section from 0 [Ah] to Q1, the second section R2 is a capacity section from Q1 to Q2, and the third section R3 is a capacity section from Q2 to Q3. The fourth section R4 is a capacity section from Q3 to Q4, the fifth section R5 is a capacity section from Q4 to Q5, and the sixth section R6 is a capacity section from Q5 to Q6. The seventh section R7 is a capacity section from Q6 to Q7, and the eighth section R8 is a capacity section from Q7 to 45 [Ah].

[0135] In addition, the profile determination unit 120 may be configured to adjust the reference positive profile Rp and the reference negative profile Rn to correspond to each of the plurality of sections. That is, the profile determination unit 120 may be configured to generate an adjusted positive profile and an adjusted negative profile corresponding to each of the plurality of sections.

[0136] Specifically, the reference positive electrode section line Rp and the reference negative electrode section line Rn may be adjusted to correspond to each section where the full-cell section line M is measured.

[0137] For example, in Fig.11 In an embodiment of the present invention, the section line determination unit 120 may adjust the reference positive section line Rp and the reference negative section line Rn relative to the first section R1 of the measured full-cell section line M. Specifically, among the multiple comparative full-cell section lines generated by the section line determination unit 120, the comparative full-cell section line that is most similar to the measured full-cell section line M in the first section R1 (e.g., having a small error) may be specified. In addition, the section line determination unit 120 may determine a first adjusted positive section line Rp1′ and a first adjusted negative section line Rn1′ corresponding to the specified comparative full-cell section line.

[0138] In the same manner, for each of the second to eighth sections R2 to R8 measuring the full-cell section line M, the section line determination unit 120 may determine the second to eighth adjusted positive section lines Rp2 ′ to Rp8 ′ and the second to eighth adjusted negative section lines Rn2 ′ to Rn8 ′.

[0139] For example, in Fig.12 In the embodiment, the first adjusted positive section line Rp1' and the first adjusted negative section line Rn1' corresponding to the first section R1 can be determined, and the second adjusted positive section line Rp2' and the second adjusted negative section line Rn2' corresponding to the second section R2 can be determined. The third adjusted positive section line Rp3' and the third adjusted negative section line Rn3' corresponding to the third section R3 can be determined, and the fourth adjusted positive section line Rp4' and the fourth adjusted negative section line Rn4' corresponding to the fourth section R4 can be determined. The fifth adjusted positive section line Rp5' and the fifth adjusted negative section line Rn5' corresponding to the fifth section R5 can be determined, and the sixth adjusted positive section line Rp6' and the sixth adjusted negative section line Rn6' corresponding to the sixth section R6 can be determined. A seventh adjusted positive section line Rp7 ′ and a seventh adjusted negative section line Rn7 ′ corresponding to the seventh section R7 may be determined, and an eighth adjusted positive section line Rp8 ′ and an eighth adjusted negative section line Rn8 ′ corresponding to the eighth section R8 may be determined.

[0140] Specifically, the control unit 130 may determine a positive electrode factor from each of the plurality of adjusted positive electrode profiles Rp1' to Rp8', and determine a negative electrode factor from each of the plurality of adjusted negative electrode profiles Rn1' to Rn8'. In addition, the control unit 130 may diagnose the positive electrode state of the battery in the corresponding section based on each of the plurality of determined positive electrode factors. In addition, the control unit 130 may diagnose the negative electrode state of the battery in the corresponding section based on each of the plurality of determined negative electrode factors.

[0141] exist Fig.12 In the embodiment, the control unit 130 can determine the positive electrode participation starting points pi1 to pi8, the positive electrode participation end points pf1 to pf8, and the positive electrode change rates ps1 to ps8 of the first to eighth adjusted positive electrode profiles Rp1' to Rp8'. Similarly, the control unit 130 can determine the negative electrode participation starting points ni1 to ni8, the negative electrode participation end points nf1 to nf8, and the negative electrode change rates ns1 to ns8 of the first to eighth adjusted negative electrode profiles Rn1' to Rn8'.

[0142] For example, the control unit 130 may determine the degree of positive electrode degradation of each of the first to eighth sections R1 to R8 by considering a plurality of positive electrode change rates ps1 to ps8. Specifically, the control unit 130 may determine the positive electrode change rate of each of the first to eighth sections R1 to R8 as the degree of positive electrode degradation in the corresponding section. Therefore, the control unit 130 may determine the section in which the positive electrode is most degraded among the first to eighth sections R1 to R8.

[0143] As another example, the control unit 130 may determine the degree of negative electrode degradation of each of the first to eighth sections R1 to R8 by considering a plurality of negative electrode change rates ns1 to ns8. Specifically, the control unit 130 may determine the negative electrode change rate of each of the first to eighth sections R1 to R8 as the degree of negative electrode degradation in the corresponding section. Therefore, the control unit 130 may determine the section in which the negative electrode is most degraded among the first to eighth sections R1 to R8.

[0144] exist Fig.12 In the embodiment of the present invention, the profile determination unit 120 may determine the second comparative full-battery profile S2 corresponding to the measured full-battery profile M based on the first to eighth adjusted positive electrode profiles Rp1' to Rp8' and the first to eighth adjusted negative electrode profiles Rn1' to Rn8'. The control unit 130 may determine the positive electrode of the battery to participate in the starting point as pi1 and the positive electrode to participate in the end point as pf8. In addition, the control unit 130 may determine the negative electrode of the battery to participate in the starting point as ni1 and the negative electrode to participate in the end point as nf8.

[0145] Preferably, the profile determination unit 120 may be configured to generate a plurality of adjusted positive profiles Rp1' to Rp8', such that the end point of the adjusted positive profile Rp' of the previous segment is the same as the starting point of the adjusted positive profile Rp' of the next segment. Similarly, the profile determination unit 120 may be configured to generate a plurality of adjusted negative profiles Rn1' to Rn8', such that the end point of the adjusted negative profile Rn' of the previous segment is the same as the starting point of the adjusted negative profile Rn' of the next segment.

[0146] Specifically, since the plurality of adjusted positive electrode sections Rp1' to Rp8' are determined as a whole as the adjusted positive electrode section Rp' of the battery, the plurality of adjusted positive electrode sections Rp1' to Rp8' must be continuous. Similarly, since the plurality of adjusted negative electrode sections Rn1' to Rn8' are determined as a whole as the adjusted negative electrode section Rn' of the battery, the plurality of adjusted negative electrode sections Rn1' to Rn8' must be continuous.

[0147] For example, in Fig.12 In the embodiment of the present invention, the section line determination unit 120 may set the positive electrode participation starting point pi2 of the second adjusted positive electrode section line Rp2' to be equal to the positive electrode participation end point pf1 of the first adjusted positive electrode section line Rp1', and then determine the positive electrode participation end point pf2 of the second adjusted positive electrode section line Rp2'. Similarly, the section line determination unit 120 may set the positive electrode participation starting points pi3 to pi8 of the third to eighth adjusted positive electrode section lines Rp3' to Rp8' to correspond to the positive electrode participation end points pf2 to pf7 of the second to seventh adjusted positive electrode section lines Rp2' to Rp7'.

[0148] In addition, Fig.12 In the embodiment of the present invention, the section line determination unit 120 may set the negative electrode participation starting point ni2 of the second adjusted negative electrode section line Rn2' to be equal to the negative electrode participation end point nf1 of the first adjusted negative electrode section line Rn1', and then determine the negative electrode participation end point nf2 of the second adjusted negative electrode section line Rn2'. Similarly, the section line determination unit 120 may set the negative electrode participation starting points ni3 to ni8 of the third to eighth adjusted negative electrode section lines Rn3' to Rn8' to correspond to the negative electrode participation end points nf2 to nf7 of the second to seventh adjusted negative electrode section lines Rn2' to Rn7', respectively.

[0149] Moreover, in Fig.12 In the embodiment of the invention, the control unit 130 may determine the positive electrode participation starting point of the adjusted positive electrode profile Rp' of the battery as pi1, and the positive electrode participation end point as pf8. In addition, the control unit 130 may determine the negative electrode participation starting point of the adjusted negative electrode profile Rn' of the battery as ni1, and the negative electrode participation end point as nf8.

[0150] Since the battery management device 100 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure determines the adjusted positive electrode profile and the adjusted negative electrode profile of each of the multiple sections, the positive electrode degradation and the negative electrode degradation of the battery of each of the multiple sections can be determined. That is, the battery management device 100 has the advantage of being able to estimate the positive electrode degradation and the negative electrode degradation of each detailed section, thereby deriving a diagnostic factor that can more accurately diagnose the state of the battery. In addition, the battery management device 100 has the advantage of being able to more accurately and precisely diagnose the state of the positive and negative electrodes of the battery through the derived diagnostic factors.

[0151] In the following, reference Figures 13 to 15 , a third embodiment in which the profile determining unit 120 adjusts the reference positive electrode profile Rp and the reference negative electrode profile Rn will be described in detail.

[0152] Fig.13 is a diagram showing a full-monobody differential cross-section line D according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig.14 is a diagram illustrating a measurement full-monobody section line M and a plurality of sections R1 to R5 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig.15 is a diagram illustrating a measured full-monobody section line M and a third comparative full-monobody section line S3 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0153] The profile determination unit 120 may be configured to divide the measured whole-monomer profile M into a plurality of sections R1 to R5 based on a plurality of reference peaks included in the whole-monomer differential profile D. As shown in FIG.

[0154] Specifically, the reference peak is a peak corresponding to the minimum point of the full monomer differential profile line D. For example, Fig.13 In the embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of reference peaks may include a first peak p1, a third peak p3, a fifth peak p5, and a seventh peak p7.

[0155] exist Fig.14 In the embodiment of the present invention, the profile determination unit 120 can divide the full monomer profile M into the first to fifth sections R1 to R5 according to the multiple capacities Q1, Q3, Q5 and Q7 corresponding to the reference peaks p1, p3, p5 and p7. Here, the first section R1 is a capacity section from 0 [Ah] to Q1, the second section R2 is a capacity section from Q1 to Q3, and the third section R3 is a capacity section from Q3 to Q5. The fourth section R4 is a capacity section from Q5 to Q7, and the fifth section R5 is a capacity section from Q7 to 45 [Ah].

[0156] The section line determining unit 120 may be configured to set a weight for each of the plurality of sections R1 to R5 .

[0157] Here, a weight set of each of the plurality of sections R1 to R5 is a value between 0 and 1, and the sum of the set weights is 1.

[0158] For example, the control unit 130 may set the weights of the first to fifth sections R1 to R5 to 0.2.

[0159] As another example, the control unit 130 may set the weights of the first to fifth sections R1 to R5 according to their importance. Specifically, among the multiple sections R1 to R5, some sections are sections that reflect the state of the positive electrode of the battery, while other sections are sections that reflect the state of the negative electrode of the battery. Therefore, the control unit 130 may set the importance of the section corresponding to the item to be diagnosed among the multiple sections R1 to R5 to be high. In addition, the weight of the section with high importance may be set to be greater than the weight of other sections.

[0160] Specifically, the profile determination unit 120 may be configured to set the weight of the target segment including at least one of the plurality of target peaks included in the full-monomer differential profile D to be greater than the weights of the remaining segments.

[0161] Specifically, the target peak is the peak corresponding to the maximum point of the full monomer differential profile line D. For example, Fig.13 In the embodiment, the plurality of target peaks may include a second peak p2, a fourth peak p4, and a sixth peak p6.

[0162] The control unit 130 may select at least one of the plurality of target peaks according to the diagnostic target, and determine the segment including the selected target peak as the target segment. For example, if the diagnostic item is a negative state, the control unit 130 may determine the second segment R2 including the second peak p2 as the target segment, and set the weight of the second segment R2 to the maximum. As another example, if the diagnostic item is a positive state, the control unit 130 may determine the fourth segment R4 including the sixth peak p6 as the target segment, and set the weight of the fourth segment R4 to the maximum.

[0163] The profile determination unit 120 may be configured to adjust the reference positive profile Rp and the reference negative profile Rn to correspond to the measured full-cell profile M based on the weights.

[0164] Specifically, the profile determination unit 120 may be configured to generate a third comparative full-cell profile S3 based on the adjusted positive electrode profile Rp′ and the adjusted negative electrode profile Rn′.

[0165] For example, the profile determination unit 120 may generate a plurality of comparative full-cell profiles by shifting or capacity scaling the reference positive profile Rp and the reference negative profile Rn. Fig.15In the embodiment of the present invention, the profile determination unit 120 can determine the third comparative full-battery profile S3 corresponding to the measured full-battery profile M based on the adjusted positive electrode profile Rp' and the adjusted negative electrode profile Rn'. The control unit 130 can determine the positive electrode of the battery to participate in the starting point as pi and the positive electrode to participate in the end point as pf. In addition, the control unit 130 can determine the negative electrode of the battery to participate in the starting point as ni and the negative electrode to participate in the end point as nf.

[0166] In addition, the profile determination unit 120 may be configured to adjust the reference positive profile Rp and the reference negative profile Rn so that the error rate between the comparison full-cell profile S and the measurement full-cell profile M decreases as the set weight of the segment is greater.

[0167] For example, the profile determination unit 120 can specify a comparative full-monomer profile with a low error rate in the order of maximum weight among multiple comparative full-monomer profiles and among multiple sections R1 to R5 of the measured full-monomer profile M. Assuming that 100 comparative full-monomer profiles have been generated and the target section is the second section R2, the profile determination unit 120 can specify a third comparative full-monomer profile S3 with the lowest error rate in the second section R2 among the 100 comparative full-monomer profiles. In addition, the profile determination unit 120 can determine the adjusted positive electrode profile Rp' and the adjusted negative electrode profile Rn' corresponding to the specified third comparative full-monomer profile S3. If there are multiple comparative full-monomer profiles with the lowest error rate in the second section R2, the profile determination unit 120 can specify a third comparative full-monomer profile S3 with a lower total error rate for the entire capacity section of the measured full-monomer profile M.

[0168] The battery management device 100 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure has the advantage of being able to determine a diagnostic factor that better reflects the state of the battery because it adjusts the reference positive electrode profile Rp and the reference negative electrode profile Rn to correspond to the diagnostic item. In other words, because the optimal diagnostic factor corresponding to the diagnostic item can be determined, the state of the battery can be diagnosed more accurately.

[0169] The battery management device 100 according to the present disclosure may be applied to a BMS (battery management system). That is, the BMS according to the present disclosure may include the above-mentioned battery management device 100. In this configuration, at least some of the components of the battery management device 100 may be implemented by supplementing or adding functions of the configuration included in a conventional BMS. For example, the section line acquisition unit 110, the section line determination unit 120, the control unit 130, and the storage unit 140 may be implemented as components of the BMS.

[0170] The battery management device 100 according to the present disclosure may be provided in a battery pack. That is, the battery pack according to the present disclosure may include the above-mentioned battery management device 100 and one or more battery cells. In addition, the battery pack may further include electrical devices (relays, fuses, etc.) and a housing.

[0171] Fig.16 is a diagram showing an exemplary configuration of a battery pack 1 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0172] The positive terminal of the battery 10 may be connected to the positive terminal P+ of the battery pack 1 , and the negative terminal of the battery 10 may be connected to the negative terminal P− of the battery pack 1 .

[0173] The measuring unit 20 may be connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery 10. In addition, the measuring unit 20 may measure the voltage of the battery 10 by measuring the positive and negative electrode potentials of the battery 10 and calculating the difference between the positive and negative electrode potentials.

[0174] In addition, the measuring unit 20 may be connected to an ammeter A. For example, the ammeter A may be an ammeter or a shunt resistor capable of measuring the charging current and the discharging current of the battery 10. The measuring unit 20 may calculate the charge amount by measuring the charging current of the battery 10 using the ammeter A. In addition, the measuring unit 20 may calculate the discharge amount by measuring the discharge current of the battery 10 using the ammeter A.

[0175] For example, information about the voltage and capacity of the battery 10 measured by the measurement unit 20 may be transmitted to the profile acquisition unit 110. In addition, the profile acquisition unit 110 may directly generate the measurement full-cell profile M based on the received information about the voltage and capacity.

[0176] As another example, information about the voltage and capacity of the battery 10 measured by the measurement unit 20 may be stored in the storage unit 140. When charging or discharging of the battery 10 is completed, the profile acquisition unit 110 may access the storage unit 140 to acquire the measured full-cell profile M.

[0177] As yet another example, the measurement unit 20 may directly generate the measured full-cell profile M based on information about the measured voltage and capacity of the battery 10 . In this case, the generated measured full-cell profile M may be transmitted to the profile acquisition unit 110 and may also be stored in the storage unit 140 .

[0178] A charging / discharging device or load may be connected to the positive terminal P+ and the negative terminal P of the battery pack 1 .

[0179] Fig.17 is a diagram schematically showing a vehicle 1700 according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0180] refer to Fig.17 , the battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may be included in a vehicle 1700 such as an electric vehicle (EV) or a hybrid vehicle (HV). In addition, the battery pack 1710 may drive the vehicle 1700 by supplying power to a motor through an inverter provided in the vehicle 1700. Here, the battery pack 1710 may include a battery management device 100. That is, the vehicle 1700 may include the battery management device 100. In this case, the battery management device 100 may be an on-board device included in the vehicle 1700.

[0181] Fig.18 is a diagram schematically illustrating a battery management method according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0182] refer to Fig.18 The battery management method may include a profile acquisition step (S100), a profile adjustment step (S200), a profile generation step (S300) and a factor determination step (S400).

[0183] Preferably, each step of the battery management method may be performed by the battery management device 100. Hereinafter, for the convenience of explanation, contents overlapping with the previously described contents will be omitted or briefly described.

[0184] The profile acquisition step ( S100 ) is a step of acquiring a measured full-cell profile M indicating a correspondence relationship between a voltage and a capacity of a battery, and may be performed by the profile acquisition unit 110 .

[0185] For example, the section line acquisition unit 110 may directly receive the measured full-cell section line M of the battery from the outside. That is, the section line acquisition unit 110 may receive the measured full-cell section line M by connecting to the outside via wire and / or wireless connection to acquire the measured full-cell section line M.

[0186] As another example, the profile acquisition unit 110 may receive battery information about the voltage and capacity of the battery. In addition, the profile acquisition unit 110 may acquire the measured full-cell profile M by generating the measured full-cell profile M based on the received battery information.

[0187] The profile adjustment step (S200) is the following step: dividing at least one of the preset reference positive profile Rp and the reference negative profile Rn into multiple electrode segments, and when adjusting each of the multiple electrode segments, adjusting the reference positive profile Rp and the reference negative profile Rn to correspond to the measured full-cell profile M, and can be executed by the profile determination unit 120.

[0188] For example, the section line determination unit 120 may divide the reference positive section line Rp into a plurality of positive sections. As another example, the section line determination unit 120 may divide the reference negative section line Rn into a plurality of negative sections. As another example, the section line determination unit 120 may divide the reference positive section line Rp into a plurality of positive sections and divide the reference negative section line Rn into a plurality of negative sections.

[0189] For example, when the reference positive section line Rp is divided into n positive sections, the section line determination unit 120 can independently adjust the change rates of n (where n is a natural number) positive sections. That is, the section line determination unit 120 does not uniformly apply the change rate of the reference positive section line Rp, but can independently adjust the change rate of each positive section of the reference positive section line Rp. Similarly, when the reference negative section line Rn is divided into n negative sections, the section line determination unit 120 can independently adjust the change rates of the n negative sections.

[0190] The profile generating step ( S300 ) is a step of generating the adjusted positive electrode profile Rp′ and the adjusted negative electrode profile Rn′ according to the adjustment result, and may be performed by the profile determining unit 120 .

[0191] For example, in Fig. 9 In the embodiment of the present invention, the section line determination unit 120 can determine the adjusted positive section line Rp' and the adjusted negative section line Rn' by adjusting the first to fifth positive sections PR1 to PR5 and the first to fourth negative sections NR1 to NR4 respectively. The first comparison full-cell section line S1 can be determined based on the adjusted positive section line Rp' and the adjusted negative section line Rn'.

[0192] The factor determination step ( S400 ) is a step of determining a positive electrode factor of a battery in adjusting the positive electrode profile Rp′ and determining a negative electrode factor of a battery in adjusting the negative electrode profile Rn′, and may be performed by the control unit 130 .

[0193] Specifically, the control unit 130 may determine the positive pole participation starting point, positive pole participation end point and positive pole change rate in adjusting the positive pole profile Rp', and determine the negative pole participation starting point, negative pole participation end point and negative pole change rate in adjusting the negative pole profile Rn'.

[0194] The embodiments of the present disclosure described above may be implemented not only by devices and methods, but may be implemented by a program that implements functions corresponding to the configuration of the embodiments of the present disclosure or a recording medium on which the program is recorded. Based on the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art may easily implement the program or recording medium.

[0195] The present disclosure has been described in detail. However, the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating preferred embodiments of the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration only, since various changes and modifications within the scope of the present disclosure will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description.

[0196] In addition, without departing from the technical aspects of the present disclosure, those skilled in the art may make many substitutions, modifications and changes to the present disclosure, and the present disclosure is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments and drawings, and each embodiment may be selectively combined in part or as a whole to allow various modifications.

[0197] (Explanation of Reference Numerals)

[0198] 1: Battery Pack

[0199] 10: Battery

[0200] 20: Measurement unit

[0201] 100: Battery management device

[0202] 110: Section line acquisition unit

[0203] 120: Section line determination unit

[0204] 130: Control unit

[0205] 140: Storage unit

[0206] 1700: Vehicles

[0207] 1710: Battery Pack

Claims

1. A battery management device, comprising: a profile acquisition unit configured to acquire a measured full-cell profile representing a corresponding relationship between a voltage and a capacity of a battery; a profile determination unit, the profile determination unit being configured to divide at least one of a preset reference positive electrode profile and a reference negative electrode profile into a plurality of electrode segments, adjusting the reference positive electrode profile and the reference negative electrode profile to correspond to the measured full-cell profile while adjusting each electrode segment in the plurality of electrode segments, and generating an adjusted positive electrode profile and an adjusted negative electrode profile according to the adjustment result; as well as A control unit is configured to determine a diagnostic factor of the battery from at least one of the adjusted positive electrode profile and the adjusted negative electrode profile.

2. The battery management device according to claim 1, in, The section line acquisition unit is configured to acquire at least one of a positive electrode differential section line corresponding to the reference positive electrode section line and a negative electrode differential section line corresponding to the reference negative electrode section line as an electrode differential section line.

3. The battery management device according to claim 2, in, When the positive differential section line is included in the electrode differential section line, the section line determination unit is configured to divide the reference positive section line into a plurality of positive sections based on at least one positive peak among a plurality of positive peaks included in the positive differential section line.

4. The battery management device according to claim 2, in, When the negative differential section line is included in the electrode differential section line, the section line determination unit is configured to divide the reference negative section line into a plurality of negative sections based on at least one negative peak among a plurality of negative peaks included in the negative differential section line.

5. The battery management device according to claim 1, in, The profile determination unit is configured to independently adjust each of the plurality of electrode segments.

6. The battery management device according to claim 1, in, The control unit is configured to determine a positive factor included in the diagnosis factor based on the adjusted positive profile, and to determine a negative factor included in the diagnosis factor based on the adjusted negative profile.

7. The battery management device according to claim 6, in, The control unit is configured to: The positive electrode participation starting point and the positive electrode participation end point of the positive electrode profile adjustment are determined as the positive electrode factor, When the reference positive electrode profile is not divided into a plurality of positive electrode sections, a positive electrode change rate is further determined as the positive electrode factor, wherein the positive electrode change rate represents a change rate of the adjusted positive electrode profile relative to the reference positive electrode profile, and When the reference positive section line is divided into the plurality of positive sections, the positive change rate of each of the plurality of positive sections is further determined as the positive factor.

8. The battery management device according to claim 6, in, The control unit is configured to: The negative electrode participation starting point and the negative electrode participation end point of the adjusted negative electrode profile are determined as the negative electrode factor, When the reference negative electrode profile is not divided into a plurality of negative electrode sections, a negative electrode change rate is further determined as the negative electrode factor, wherein the negative electrode change rate represents a change rate of the adjusted negative electrode profile relative to the reference negative electrode profile, and When the reference negative section line is divided into the plurality of negative sections, the negative change rate of each of the plurality of negative sections is further determined as the negative factor. 9 . A battery pack comprising the battery management device according to claim 1 .

10. A vehicle comprising the battery management device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

11. A battery management method, comprising: A profile acquisition step, wherein the profile acquisition step acquires a measured full-cell profile representing a corresponding relationship between a voltage and a capacity of a battery; A profile adjustment step, wherein the profile adjustment step divides at least one of a preset reference positive electrode profile and a reference negative electrode profile into a plurality of electrode segments, and adjusts the reference positive electrode profile and the reference negative electrode profile to correspond to the measured full-cell profile while adjusting each of the plurality of electrode segments; a section line generating step, wherein the section line generating step generates an adjusted positive electrode section line and an adjusted negative electrode section line according to the adjustment result; and A factor determining step of determining a diagnostic factor of the battery from at least one of the adjusted positive electrode profile and the adjusted negative electrode profile.

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