Hilly mountainous area hand-held onion harvesting equipment and control method thereof

Abstract

This invention provides a hand-held onion harvesting equipment and its control method for hilly and mountainous areas, including a root-cutting and conveying device, a top leaf removal device, a petiole removal and conveying device, a harvesting frame, a walking chassis device, and a hand-held device. The top leaf removal device is located above the end of the root-cutting and conveying device, the petiole removal and conveying device is located behind the root-cutting and conveying device and the top leaf removal and conveying device, and the harvesting frame is located behind the petiole removal and conveying device. The root-cutting and conveying device is used to cut the onion roots and convey the onions through the top leaf removal device to the petiole removal and conveying device. The top leaf removal device is used to remove the leaves at the top of the cut onion. The petiole removal and conveying device is used to remove excess petioles from the onion and continue to transport the onion to the harvesting frame. This invention realizes the functions of cutting, conveying, removing leaves, returning to the field, and harvesting onions, integrating multiple processes into one, reducing subsequent processing, effectively reducing the impurity rate of onions, and improving the efficiency and quality of onion harvesting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of onion harvesting machinery or the field of crop harvesting equipment, and particularly relates to a hand-held onion harvesting equipment for hilly and mountainous areas and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] Onions are a common, inexpensive, and everyday vegetable. They are tender, juicy, and mildly spicy, making them a high-quality vegetable suitable for eating raw. Originally from West Asia, they are cultivated throughout China and available year-round. The edible part of the onion is the large, underground bulb (the scallion). Abroad, however, it is hailed as the "Queen of Vegetables" due to its high nutritional value.

[0003] Due to the irregular shape, uneven distribution, large leaves, and low head formation of mustard greens during the harvest season, mechanized harvesting is difficult because it requires cutting the roots and leaves without damaging the protruding stems. Existing patent CN113906895A discloses a hand-held self-propelled mustard greens combine harvester, which can achieve adaptive active feeding, low cutting platform wear, high impurity removal rate, and minimal damage to some extent. However, due to its complex structure, large size, and complicated operation, it is not suitable for widespread adoption. Furthermore, its high precision requires frequent repairs by professionals, resulting in low efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a hand-held onion harvesting device for hilly and mountainous areas, which enables efficient removal of roots, stems, and top leaves during onion harvesting, effectively reduces the impurity rate of onions, and improves the efficiency and quality of onion harvesting.

[0005] The present invention also provides a control method for a hand-held onion harvesting device in hilly and mountainous areas.

[0006] Note that the description of these objectives does not preclude the existence of other objectives. One aspect of the invention does not require achieving all of the above objectives. Objectives other than those described above can be extracted from the description, drawings, and claims.

[0007] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned technical objectives through the following technical means.

[0008] A hand-held onion harvesting device for hilly and mountainous areas includes a root-cutting conveyor, a top leaf removal device, a petiole removal conveyor, a harvesting frame, a walking chassis device, and a hand-held device.

[0009] The root cutting conveyor, top leaf removal device, petiole removal conveyor, harvesting frame, and hand-holding device are all mounted on the walking chassis device;

[0010] The root-cutting conveyor, top leaf removal device, petiole removal conveyor, harvesting frame, and hand-holding device are arranged sequentially from the walking direction to the rear. The top leaf removal device is located above the end of the root-cutting conveyor, the petiole removal conveyor is located behind the root-cutting conveyor and the top leaf removal device, the harvesting frame is located behind the petiole removal conveyor, and the hand-holding device is located behind the harvesting frame. The root-cutting conveyor is used to cut the onion root and transport the onion through the top leaf removal device to the petiole removal conveyor. The top leaf removal device is used to remove the leaves at the top of the cut onion. The petiole removal conveyor is used to remove the excess petioles of the onion and continue to transport the onion to the harvesting frame.

[0011] In the above scheme, the root cutting transmission device includes a soil-pulling device, an elastic clamping device, a motor, a support pad, and a root cutting blade;

[0012] The support pad is installed in front of the walking chassis device; at least two soil-pulling devices are symmetrically installed in front of the support pad; at least two elastic clamping devices are symmetrically installed above the two support pads; the motor is installed on the drive pulley of the elastic clamping device; a first channel is provided between every two soil-pulling devices, and a second channel is provided between every two elastic clamping devices. The first and second channels are opposite each other and are used to transport the onion backward. The root-cutting knife is installed between the first channels and below the entrance of the second channel, and is used to remove the root at the bottom when the elastic clamping device clamps the onion; the motor is used to drive the drive pulley to rotate, and the drive pulley drives the elastic clamping device to rotate, and is used to clamp the onion and transport it through the top leaf removal device to the petiole removal and conveying device.

[0013] Furthermore, the elastic clamping device includes a driving pulley, a driven pulley, a belt, and a top plate; the driving pulley and the driven pulley are respectively mounted on the bottom of the top plate via bearings, the belt is mounted on the driving pulley and the driven pulley, the driving pulley is connected to the motor, and several leaf-holding rubber plates are set on the outer surface of the belt. As the belt rotates, each pair of elastic clamping devices rotates in the opposite direction at the same time, straightening the onions shoveled by the soil-pulling device and conveying them backward.

[0014] Furthermore, the elastic clamping device also includes a tension roller; the tension roller is disposed between the driving pulley and the driven pulley and is in contact with the belt. A connecting tube is sleeved in the middle of the tension roller. The upper part of the connecting tube is bolted to two horizontally arranged first long grooves in the middle of the top plate, and the lower part of the connecting tube is installed in two second long grooves opened on the support pad. The positions of the first long grooves and the second long grooves are corresponding. The connecting tube can slide in the first long grooves and the second long grooves to adjust the horizontal position of the tension roller, thereby adjusting the clamping width of the belt. The clamping width of the belt can be adjusted according to the diameter of the onion being clamped.

[0015] In the above scheme, the root cutting transmission device also includes a depth limiting structure; the depth limiting structure includes a depth limiting wheel, a connecting rod, and a bolt; the depth limiting wheel is connected to one end of the connecting rod through a bearing, and the other end of the connecting rod is installed at the front end of the bracket of the walking chassis device through a bolt, located behind the root cutting transmission device. The bolt is used to keep the connecting rod at a certain angle, thereby fixing the depth limiting wheel at a certain height; when adjusting the depth limiting height, the connecting rod rotates around the bolt by a certain angle and then the bolt is re-fixed to achieve the adjustment of the depth limiting height.

[0016] In the above scheme, the top blade removal device includes a stirring blade, a support frame, a support rod, and a support base;

[0017] The support frame is arranged above the elastic clamping device. Two stirring blades are symmetrically arranged at the front end of each support frame to remove the main blade at the top. The end of the support frame is connected to one end of the support seat. One end of the support rod is connected to the support frame, and the other end is installed at the front end of the bracket of the walking chassis device. The support frame can rotate around the support rod.

[0018] Furthermore, the top blade removal device also includes a height adjustment base; the other end of the support base is connected to the height adjustment base, which includes a threaded base and a threaded support rod. The threaded base is installed on the walking chassis device, and one end of the threaded support rod is threadedly connected to the threaded base, while the other end is connected to the support base. The height adjustment base adjusts its height by rotating the threaded support rod. The change in the height of the support base causes the support frame to rotate around the support rod, thereby adjusting the height of the stirring blade.

[0019] In the above scheme, the blade removal and conveying device includes a driven sprocket, a fixed base, a drive chain, a support bar, a drive sprocket, and a bottom inclined plate;

[0020] The drive sprocket and the driven sprocket are respectively mounted on the bracket of the walking chassis device via fixed seats. The drive sprocket is at the rear and the driven sprocket is at the front. The drive sprocket and the driven sprocket are connected by a drive chain. Several support bars are provided on the drive chain, and there is a gap between each support bar. This is used to transport the onions backward into the harvesting frame, while separating the stem nodules and the removed petioles. The bottom inclined plate is installed at an angle below the support bars to slide the separated petioles to the ground.

[0021] Furthermore, the spacing between the support bars is greater than the width of the petiole but less than the diameter of the stem nodule. During the conveying process, the petiole will fall into the soil from the bottom inclined plate, while the stem nodule is conveyed to the harvesting frame.

[0022] A control method for the hand-held onion harvesting equipment in hilly and mountainous areas includes the following steps:

[0023] The soil-pulling device pulls the onion out of the soil. The leaf-holding rubber plates on the symmetrically arranged elastic clamping device straighten and clamp the onion, conveying it backward. It can be clamped at the entrance of the channel and separates at the exit of the channel. When the elastic clamping device conveys the onion backward, the root-cutting knife set below the elastic clamping device removes the bottom rootstock, and the top leaf-removing device set above the elastic clamping device removes the top main leaf. The root-cutting and conveying device transports the stem nodules and removed petioles of the onion backward, which are then conveyed to the top by the petiole removal conveying device. The spacing between the support bars of the petiole removal conveying device is greater than the width of the petiole but less than the diameter of the stem nodules. During the conveying process, the petioles will fall into the soil from the bottom inclined plate, while the stem nodules will fall into the harvesting frame.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] 1. This invention enables efficient removal of roots, stems, and top leaves during onion harvesting, effectively reducing the impurity content of onions and improving the efficiency and quality of onion harvesting.

[0026] 2. This invention addresses the posture problem when cutting the roots and removing the leaves of onions by designing an elastic clamping device with a rubber plate that holds the leaves. This helps to ensure that the onions are cut in the correct posture when harvesting, while also preventing high impurity content and mechanical damage caused by the plant's posture.

[0027] 3. This invention features a top leaf removal device and a root cutter located above and below the elastic clamping device, respectively, which can simultaneously remove the roots and top leaves of onions. A depth-limiting wheel is installed at the front of the frame to adjust the harvesting depth, adapting to different hilly and mountainous areas, improving harvesting efficiency, and the structure is simple and easy to maintain.

[0028] 4. This invention designs a petiole removal and conveying device, in which onions are conveyed to the top harvesting frame by a chain drive device. The gap between the support rods is greater than the width of the petiole but smaller than the diameter of the stem nodule. During the conveying process, the petiole will fall into the soil from the bottom inclined plate, while the stem nodule will fall into the collection frame, effectively reducing the impurity rate of onions and realizing the function of removing leaves and returning them to the field.

[0029] 5. This invention realizes the functions of cutting, conveying, removing leaves, returning to the field and harvesting onions, integrating multiple processes into one, reducing subsequent processing and improving the efficiency and quality of harvesting onions.

[0030] Note that the description of these effects does not preclude the existence of other effects. One aspect of the invention does not necessarily have all the aforementioned effects. Effects other than those described above can be readily observed and extracted from the description, drawings, claims, etc. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a hand-held onion harvesting equipment for hilly and mountainous areas according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a side view schematic diagram of the structure of a hand-held onion harvesting equipment in hilly and mountainous areas according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a top view schematic diagram of a root cutting conveying device, a top leaf removal device, and a petiole removal conveying device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a side view schematic diagram of a root cutting conveying device, a top leaf removal device, and a petiole removal conveying device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a side view schematic diagram of the root cutting transmission device and the top leaf removal device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic clamping device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a top view schematic diagram of the root cutting transmission device and the top leaf removal device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a petiole removal and conveying device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 9 This is a side view schematic diagram of a petiole removal and conveying device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] In the diagram: 1-Root cutting conveyor, 101-Soil pulling device, 102-Elastic clamping device, 103-Tension roller, 104-Motor, 105-Support pad, 106-Root cutting blade, 107-Depth limiting structure, 107-1 Depth limiting wheel, 107-2 Connecting rod, 107-3 Bolt, 108-Leaf-holding rubber plate, 2-Top leaf removal device, 201-Stirring blade, 202-Support frame, 203-Support rod, 204-Support base, 205-Height adjustment base, 3-Petal removal and conveying device, 301-Driven sprocket, 302-Fixed base, 303-Drive chain, 304-Support bar, 305-Drive sprocket, 306-Bottom inclined plate, 4-Harvesting frame, 5-Walking chassis device, 6-Hand-holding device. Detailed Implementation

[0041] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0043] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] Figure 1-4 The image shows a preferred embodiment of the hand-held onion harvesting equipment for hilly and mountainous areas according to the present invention. The hand-held onion harvesting equipment for hilly and mountainous areas includes a root cutting and conveying device 1, a top leaf removal device 2, a petiole removal and conveying device 3, a harvesting frame 4, a walking chassis device 5, and a hand-held device 6.

[0046] The root cutting conveyor 1, the top leaf removal device 2, the petiole removal conveyor 3, the harvesting frame 4, and the hand-holding device 6 are all mounted on the walking chassis device 5.

[0047] The root-cutting conveyor 1, top leaf removal device 2, petiole removal conveyor 3, harvesting frame 4, and hand-holding device 6 are arranged sequentially from the walking direction to the rear. The top leaf removal device 2 is located above the end of the root-cutting conveyor 1, the petiole removal conveyor 3 is located behind the root-cutting conveyor 1 and the top leaf removal device 2, the harvesting frame 4 is located behind the petiole removal conveyor 3, and the hand-holding device 6 is located behind the harvesting frame 4. The root-cutting conveyor 1 is used to cut the onion root and transport the onion through the top leaf removal device 2 to the petiole removal conveyor 3. The top leaf removal device 2 is used to remove the leaves at the top of the cut onion. The petiole removal conveyor 3 is used to remove the excess petioles of the onion and continue to transport the onion to the harvesting frame 4.

[0048] The root-cutting conveying device 1 includes a soil-pulling device 101, an elastic clamping device 102, a motor 104, a support plate 105, and a root-cutting blade 106. The support plate 105 is installed in front of the walking chassis device 5. At least two soil-pulling devices 101 are symmetrically installed in front of the support plate 105. At least two elastic clamping devices 102 are symmetrically installed above the two support plates 105. The motor 104 is installed on the drive pulley of the elastic clamping device 102. A first channel is provided between every two soil-pulling devices 101, and a second channel is provided between every two elastic clamping devices 102. The first and second channels are used to transport the onion backward. The root-cutting blade 106 is installed between the first channels and below the entrance of the second channel. It is used to remove the roots at the bottom when the elastic clamping device 102 clamps the onion. The motor 104 is used to drive the drive pulley to rotate. The drive pulley drives the elastic clamping device 102 to rotate. It is used to clamp the onion and convey it through the top leaf removal device 2 to the petiole removal conveying device 3.

[0049] The elastic clamping device 102 includes a driving pulley, a driven pulley, a belt, and a top plate. The driving pulley and the driven pulley are respectively mounted on the bottom of the top plate through bearings. The belt is mounted on the driving pulley and the driven pulley. The driving pulley is connected to the motor 104. Several leaf-holding rubber plates 108 are provided on the outer surface of the belt. As the belt rotates, each pair of elastic clamping devices 102 rotates in the opposite direction at the same time, straightening the onions shoveled by the soil-pulling device 101 and conveying them backward.

[0050] The elastic clamping device 102 also includes a tension roller 103. The tension roller 103 is disposed between the driving pulley and the driven pulley and is in contact with the belt. A connecting tube is sleeved in the middle of the tension roller 103. The upper part of the connecting tube is bolted to two horizontally arranged first long grooves in the middle of the top plate, and the lower part of the connecting tube is installed in two second long grooves opened on the support pad 105. The positions of the first and second long grooves correspond, and the connecting tube can slide in the first and second long grooves to adjust the horizontal position of the tension roller 103, thereby adjusting the clamping width of the belt. The clamping width of the belt can be adjusted according to the diameter of the onion being clamped. After adjusting the position of the tension roller 103, it is fixed by bolts.

[0051] like Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, there are two support pads 105, which are symmetrically arranged in front of the walking chassis device 5; four soil-pulling devices 101 are symmetrically installed in two groups in front of the two support pads 105; four elastic clamping devices 102 are symmetrically installed in two groups above the two support pads 105; each of the four elastic clamping devices 102 has two tension rollers 103 installed inside; four motors 104 are respectively installed on the drive pulleys of the four elastic clamping devices 102; two root-cutting blades 106 are installed between the two pairs of soil-pulling devices 101; two depth-limiting wheels 107 are installed behind the root-cutting transmission device 1; a channel is provided between each group of soil-pulling devices 101 and elastic clamping devices 102 for transporting onions backward; the motors 104 drive the drive pulleys to rotate, and the drive pulleys drive the elastic clamping devices 102 to rotate, for clamping and transporting the onions through the top leaf removal device 2 to the petiole removal and conveying device 3.

[0052] like Figure 6As shown, preferably, the root-cutting transmission device 1 includes two pairs of symmetrically arranged elastic clamping devices 102. Each clamping device is provided with several leaf-holding rubber plates 108. Preferably, the width of the leaf-holding rubber plates 108 is 64-66 mm. The leaf-holding rubber plates 108 can rotate simultaneously with the rotation of the elastic clamping devices 102. Each pair of elastic clamping devices 102 rotates in the opposite direction simultaneously. Preferably, the minimum gap between each pair of elastic clamping devices 102 is 55-60 mm, and the maximum gap between each pair of elastic clamping devices 102 is... The onion scooped up by the soil-pulling device 101 is straightened and transported backwards with a length of 140-150mm. Preferably, the horizontal length of the root-cutting conveyor 1 is 1010-1030mm and the height is 98-100mm. The upper surface of the soil-pulling device 101 forms an angle of 33-35° with the horizontal plane, which can reduce damage to the onion when scooping it up. The upper surface of the support plate 105 forms an angle of 13-15° with the horizontal plane, which facilitates the removal of leaves by the top leaf removal device 2 and the transport of the onion to the petiole removal conveyor 3. Each elastic clamping device 102 has two laterally movable tension rollers 103 in the middle, which can adjust the width of the belt clamping according to the diameter of the onion being clamped. Preferably, the length of the elastic clamping device is 900-1000mm and the width is 79-80mm.

[0053] Preferably, a root-cutting knife 106 is provided between the two soil-pulling devices 101. The root-cutting knife 106 is located below the inlet of the elastic clamping device 102 and can remove the roots at the bottom when the elastic clamping device 102 clamps the onion.

[0054] Preferably, the root-cutting transmission device 1 further includes a depth-limiting structure 107; the depth-limiting structure 107 includes a depth-limiting wheel 107-1, a connecting rod 107-2, and a bolt 107-3; the depth-limiting wheel 107-1 is connected to one end of the connecting rod 107-2 via a bearing, and the other end of the connecting rod 107-2 is mounted on the front end of the support of the walking chassis device 5 via the bolt 107-3, located behind the root-cutting transmission device 1. The bolt 107-3 is used to keep the connecting rod 107-2 at a certain angle, thereby fixing the depth-limiting wheel 107-1 at a certain working height; when adjusting the depth-limiting height, the connecting rod 107-2 rotates around the bolt 107-3 by a certain angle and then re-fixes the bolt 107-3 to achieve the adjustment of the depth-limiting height. The depth-limiting wheel 107 can be adjusted according to the harvesting depth of the crop to adapt to different hilly and mountainous terrains.

[0055] The top blade removal device 2 includes a stirring blade 201, a support frame 202, a support rod 203, and a support base 204. The support frame 202 is arranged above the elastic clamping device 102. Two stirring blades 201 are symmetrically arranged at the front end of each support frame 202 for removing the top main blade. The end of the support frame 202 is connected to one end of the support base 204. One end of the support rod 203 is connected to the support frame 202, and the other end is installed at the front end of the bracket of the walking chassis device 5. The support frame 202 can rotate around the support rod 203.

[0056] The top blade removal device 2 also includes a height adjustment base 205; the other end of the support base 204 is connected to the height adjustment base 205. The height adjustment base 205 includes a threaded base and a threaded support rod. The threaded base is installed on the walking chassis device 5. One end of the threaded support rod is threadedly connected to the threaded base, and the other end is connected to the support base 204. The height of the height adjustment base 205 is adjusted by rotating the threaded support rod. The change in the height of the support base 204 causes the support frame 202 to rotate around the support rod 203, thereby adjusting the height of the stirring blade 201.

[0057] Preferably, the stirring blades 201 are symmetrically distributed at the front end of the support frame 202, with a spacing of 52-53 mm between each pair of stirring blades and a wheelbase of 320-330 mm. When the cabbage head passes through, the blades rotate inward relative to each other to peel off the main petioles on the tuberous stem. The height adjustment base 205 is installed at the front end of the bracket of the walking chassis device 5 and connected to the support base 204, which can adjust the height of the top leaf removal device 2, and the stirring height can be adjusted within 90-100 mm.

[0058] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the petiole removal and conveying device 3 includes a driven sprocket 301, a fixed base 302, a drive chain 303, a support bar 304, a drive sprocket 305, and a bottom inclined plate 306.

[0059] The driving sprocket 305 and the driven sprocket 301 are respectively fixed on the bracket of the walking chassis device 5 by the fixing seat 302. The driving sprocket 305 is at the rear and the driven sprocket 301 is at the front. The driving sprocket 305 and the driven sprocket 301 are connected by the drive chain 303. Several support bars 304 are provided on the drive chain 303. A certain distance is provided between each support bar 304. The onions can be transported backward into the harvesting frame 4, while the stem nodules and the removed petioles are separated. The bottom inclined plate 306 is installed at an angle below the support bars 304 to slide the separated petioles to the ground.

[0060] The spacing between the support bars 304 is greater than the width of the petiole but less than the diameter of the stem tubercle. During the transport process, the petiole will fall into the soil from the bottom inclined plate 306, while the stem tubercle is transported to the harvesting frame 4.

[0061] Preferably, the support bar 304 is fixed on the drive chain 303, the distance between the two chains is about 2090-2100mm, the support bar 304 can move together with the drive chain 303, and the spacing between the leaf stalk and the support rod is 120-130mm.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] A control method for a hand-held onion harvesting device in hilly and mountainous areas according to Embodiment 1 has the beneficial effects of Embodiment 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0064] The control method for the hand-held onion harvesting equipment in hilly and mountainous areas includes the following steps:

[0065] The soil-pulling device 101 pulls the onion out of the soil. The leaf-holding rubber plates on the symmetrically arranged elastic clamping devices 102 straighten and clamp the onion and transport it backward. It can form a clamping state at the entrance of the channel and separate at the exit of the channel. When the elastic clamping device 102 transports the onion backward, the root-cutting knife 106 set below the elastic clamping device 102 removes the bottom root and stem, and the top leaf removal device 2 set above the elastic clamping device 102 removes the top main leaf. The root-cutting and conveying device 1 transports the stem tuber and the removed petiole of the onion backward, and the petiole removal and conveying device 3 conveys it to the top. The spacing of the support bars 304 of the petiole removal and conveying device 3 is greater than the width of the petiole but less than the diameter of the stem tuber. During the conveying process, the petiole will fall into the soil from the bottom inclined plate 306, while the stem tuber will fall into the harvesting frame 4.

[0066] This invention realizes the functions of cutting, conveying, removing leaves, returning to the field and harvesting onions, integrating multiple processes into one, reducing subsequent processing, improving the efficiency and quality of onion harvesting, adapting to different hilly and mountainous areas, and having high equipment stability, simple structure and easy maintenance. It effectively reduces the impurity rate of onions and realizes the function of removing leaves and returning to the field.

[0067] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to various embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0068] The detailed descriptions listed above are merely specific illustrations of feasible embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the spirit of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hand-held onion harvesting device for hilly and mountainous areas, characterized in that, It includes a root cutting conveyor (1), a top leaf removal device (2), a petiole removal conveyor (3), a harvesting frame (4), a walking chassis device (5), and a hand-holding device (6). The root cutting conveyor (1), the top leaf removal device (2), the petiole removal conveyor (3), the harvesting frame (4) and the hand-holding device (6) are all mounted on the walking chassis device (5); The root cutting and conveying device (1), the top leaf removal device (2), the petiole removal and conveying device (3), the harvesting frame (4), and the hand-holding device (6) are arranged sequentially from the walking direction to the rear. The top leaf removal device (2) is located above the end of the root cutting and conveying device (1), the petiole removal and conveying device (3) is located behind the root cutting and conveying device (1) and the top leaf removal device (2), the harvesting frame (4) is located behind the petiole removal and conveying device (3), and the hand-holding device (6) is located behind the harvesting frame (4). The root cutting and conveying device (1) is used to cut the roots of the onion and to convey the onion through the top leaf removal device (2) and to the petiole removal and conveying device (3). The top leaf removal device (2) is used to remove the leaves at the top of the onion. The petiole removal and conveying device (3) is used to remove the excess petioles of the onion and to continue to transport the onion to the harvesting frame (4). The root cutting transmission device (1) includes a soil-pulling device (101), an elastic clamping device (102), a support plate (105), and a root cutting blade (106); the support plate (105) is installed in front of the walking chassis device (5); at least two soil-pulling devices (101) are symmetrically installed in front of the support plate (105); at least two elastic clamping devices (102) are symmetrically installed above the two support plates (105); a first channel is provided between every two soil-pulling devices (101), and a second channel is provided between every two elastic clamping devices (102), with the first channel and the second channel being used opposite to each other. As the onion moves backward, a root-cutting knife (106) is installed between the first channels and below the entrance of the second channel. It is used to remove the root at the bottom when the elastic clamping device (102) clamps the onion. The elastic clamping device (102) is used to clamp the onion and transport it through the top leaf removal device (2) to the petiole removal conveying device (3). The elastic clamping device (102) includes a belt. Several leaf-holding rubber plates (108) are provided on the outer surface of the belt. As the belt rotates, each pair of elastic clamping devices (102) rotates in the opposite direction at the same time, straightening the onion shoveled by the soil-pulling device (101) and transporting it backward. The top blade removal device (2) includes a blade (201), a support frame (202), a support rod (203), and a support base (204). The support frame (202) is arranged above the elastic clamping device (102). Two blades (201) are symmetrically arranged at the front end of each support frame (202) for removing the top blade. The end of the support frame (202) is connected to one end of the support base (204). One end of the support rod (203) is connected to the support frame (202), and the other end is installed at the front end of the bracket of the walking chassis device (5). The support frame (202) can rotate around the support rod (203). The top blade removal device (2) also includes a height adjustment base (205); the other end of the support base (204) is connected to the height adjustment base (205), the height adjustment base (205) includes a threaded base and a threaded support rod, the threaded base is installed on the walking chassis device (5), one end of the threaded support rod is threadedly connected to the threaded base, and the other end is connected to the support base (204); the height adjustment base (205) adjusts its height by rotating the threaded support rod, and the change in the height of the support base (204) causes the support frame (202) to rotate around the support rod (203) to adjust the height of the stirring blade (201); The petiole removal and conveying device (3) includes a drive chain (303), a support bar (304), and a bottom inclined plate (306). The drive chain (303) is provided with several support bars (304), and there is a gap between each support bar (304) for conveying the onion backward into the harvesting frame (4) and separating the stem nodules and the removed petioles. The bottom inclined plate (306) is installed at an angle below the support bars (304) for sliding the separated petioles to the ground. The shovel-pulling device (101) pulls the onion out of the soil. The leaf-holding rubber plate (108) on the symmetrically arranged elastic clamping device (102) straightens and clamps the onion and transports it backward. It can form a clamping state at the entrance of the channel and separate at the exit of the channel. When the elastic clamping device (102) transports the onion backward, the root-cutting knife (106) set below the elastic clamping device (102) removes the bottom rootstock. The top leaf removal device (2) set above the elastic clamping device (102) removes the top main leaf. The root-cutting and conveying device (1) transports the stem nodules and removed petioles of the onion backward. The petiole removal and conveying device (3) transports them to the top. The spacing between the support bars (304) is greater than the width of the petiole but less than the diameter of the stem nodules. During the transport process, the petioles will fall into the soil from the bottom inclined plate (306), while the stem nodules will fall into the harvesting frame (4).

2. The hand-held onion harvesting equipment for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The root cutting transmission device (1) also includes a motor (104). The motor (104) is used to drive the active pulley to rotate, and the active pulley drives the elastic clamping device (102) to rotate, which is used to clamp the onion and convey it through the top leaf removal device (2) to the petiole removal conveying device (3).

3. The hand-held onion harvesting equipment for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 2, characterized in that, The elastic clamping device (102) also includes a driving pulley, a driven pulley and a top plate; the driving pulley and the driven pulley are respectively mounted on the bottom of the top plate through bearings, the belt is mounted on the driving pulley and the driven pulley, and the driving pulley is connected to the motor (104).

4. The hand-held onion harvesting equipment for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 3, characterized in that, The elastic clamping device (102) also includes a tensioning roller (103); The tensioning roller (103) is positioned between the driving pulley and the driven pulley and is in contact with the belt. A connecting tube is sleeved in the middle of the tensioning roller (103). The upper part of the connecting tube is bolted to two horizontally arranged first long grooves in the middle of the top plate. The lower part of the connecting tube is installed in two second long grooves opened on the support pad (105). The positions of the first long groove and the second long groove are corresponding. The connecting tube can slide in the first long groove and the second long groove to adjust the horizontal position of the tensioning roller (103) and thus adjust the clamping width of the belt.

5. The hand-held onion harvesting equipment for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 2, characterized in that, The root cutting transmission device (1) also includes a depth limiting structure (107); the depth limiting structure (107) includes a depth limiting wheel (107-1), a connecting rod (107-2), and a bolt (107-3); the depth limiting wheel (107-1) is connected to one end of the connecting rod (107-2) through a bearing, and the other end of the connecting rod (107-2) is installed at the front end of the bracket of the walking chassis device (5) through a bolt (107-3) behind the root cutting transmission device (1). The bolt (107-3) is used to keep the connecting rod (107-2) at a certain angle, so that the depth limiting wheel (107-1) can be fixed at a certain height.

6. The hand-held onion harvesting equipment for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blade removal and conveying device (3) also includes a driven sprocket (301), a fixed seat (302), and a driving sprocket (305). The driving sprocket (305) and the driven sprocket (301) are respectively mounted on the bracket of the walking chassis device (5) through the fixed seat (302). The driving sprocket (305) is at the rear and the driven sprocket (301) is at the front. The driving sprocket (305) and the driven sprocket (301) are connected by the drive chain (303).

7. A control method for a hand-held onion harvesting equipment in hilly and mountainous areas according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The soil-pulling device (101) pulls the onion out of the soil. The leaf-holding rubber plate on the symmetrically arranged elastic clamping device (102) straightens and clamps the onion and transports it backward. It can form a clamping state at the entrance of the channel and separates at the exit of the channel. When the elastic clamping device (102) transports the onion backward, the root-cutting knife (106) set below the elastic clamping device (102) removes the bottom root and stem. The top leaf removal device (2) set above the elastic clamping device (102) removes the top main leaf. The root-cutting and conveying device (1) transports the stem nodules and removed petioles of the onion backward. The petiole removal and conveying device (3) conveys them to the top. The spacing of the support bars (304) of the petiole removal and conveying device (3) is greater than the width of the petiole but less than the diameter of the stem nodules. During the conveying process, the petioles will fall into the soil from the bottom inclined plate (306), while the stem nodules will fall into the harvesting frame (4).

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