A Ganoderma lucidum extract and its preparation method

Abstract

This application relates to the field of cosmetic raw materials, specifically disclosing a Ganoderma lucidum extract and its preparation method. The Ganoderma lucidum extract comprises, by weight, 0.01-0.5 parts polysaccharide, 0.05-0.5 parts triterpenoids, 0.05-0.5 parts protein, and 0.01-0.5 parts polypeptide. The preparation method is as follows: Ganoderma lucidum is pulverized and sieved to obtain micro-powder; the micro-powder is then subjected to micro-pressure treatment; the Ganoderma lucidum particles are mixed with pure water to obtain a mixture; the mixture is stirred at room temperature; after soaking, the mixture is heated and kept warm for extraction; after the warming period, the mixture is coarsely and finely filtered through a filter material; the filtrate is concentrated and mixed with a reconstitution solvent; the concentrated product is then filtered under reduced pressure, and the product is sterilized by heating to obtain the Ganoderma lucidum extract. The Ganoderma lucidum extract of this application can be used in cosmetics, possessing anti-wrinkle and firming advantages; the preparation method of this application has the advantages of simple process and high product purity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of cosmetic raw materials, and more specifically, it relates to a Ganoderma lucidum extract and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Ganoderma sinense, a precious fungus in the Ganoderma genus, holds an important place in traditional Chinese medicine. With the development of modern science and technology, the utilization of Ganoderma sinense is no longer limited to its original form; Ganoderma sinense extract has become a focus of research and application. Ganoderma sinense extract is a substance containing various active ingredients obtained from the fruiting body, spores, and other parts of Ganoderma sinense through a series of extraction processes. It is rich in polysaccharides, triterpenoids, and protein compounds, and also contains amino acids, steroids, organic acids, trace elements, and other components.

[0003] The antioxidants in Ganoderma lucidum extract, such as triterpenoids and polysaccharides, can eliminate excess free radicals in the body, reduce oxidative damage to cells, thereby reducing wrinkles and delaying skin aging. Furthermore, Ganoderma lucidum extract can inhibit the production and release of inflammatory factors, helping to alleviate skin inflammation and offering some improvement for skin problems such as acne and eczema. Therefore, Ganoderma lucidum extract is currently widely used in cosmetics and other personal care products.

[0004] However, the preparation process of Ganoderma lucidum extract still has problems. Ganoderma lucidum extract contains many types of active ingredients, and to ensure its extraction and utilization rate, a complex extraction and preparation process is required, which increases the manufacturing cost for enterprises. However, simple extraction methods such as soaking or hot reflux result in insufficient effective content in the obtained Ganoderma lucidum extract, low utilization rate of Ganoderma lucidum, and waste of Ganoderma lucidum raw materials. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a Ganoderma lucidum extract and its preparation method.

[0006] Firstly, the Ganoderma lucidum extract provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A Ganoderma lucidum extract, the components of which, by mass parts, include: 0.01-0.5 parts polysaccharide, 0.05-0.5 parts triterpenoids, 0.05-0.5 parts protein, and 0.01-0.5 parts polypeptide.

[0008] Secondly, the method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract includes the following steps:

[0010] Pretreatment: Ganoderma lucidum is pulverized and passed through a 100-300 mesh sieve to obtain Ganoderma lucidum micro powder. Then, the Ganoderma lucidum micro powder is treated at 100-110℃ with a pressure of 0.05-0.1 MPa for 20-60 minutes.

[0011] Soaking: Mix Ganoderma lucidum granules with pure water at a mass ratio of 1:(15-30) to obtain a mixture, and stir the mixture at room temperature for 0.5-1h;

[0012] Extraction: After soaking, heat the mixture to 75-95℃ and keep it warm for 1-3 hours;

[0013] Filtration: After the heat preservation is completed, the mixture is coarsely filtered through the filter material at -0.08 to -0.1 MPa, with a pore size of 15-50 μm;

[0014] Fine filtration: The product after coarse filtration is then filtered under reduced pressure at -0.08 to -0.1 MPa, with the filter material having a pore size of 0.3 to 0.5 μm;

[0015] Concentration: Concentrate the filtrate to the same mass as the Ganoderma lucidum powder, and mix the concentrate with the reconstitution solvent at a mass ratio of 1:(15-30);

[0016] Secondary fine filtration: The concentrated product is then filtered under reduced pressure at -0.08 to -0.1 MPa, with the filter material having a pore size of 0.3 to 0.5 μm;

[0017] Sterilization: The product after secondary filtration is then sterilized by heating to obtain Ganoderma lucidum extract.

[0018] By employing the above technical solution, Ganoderma lucidum is pulverized and passed through a 100-300 mesh sieve to obtain micro-powder, increasing the specific surface area of ​​the raw material and allowing for more thorough contact between the solvent and the raw material during subsequent extraction. Treatment at 100-110℃ and 0.05-0.1 MPa, this gentle pretreatment helps to disrupt the cell wall structure of Ganoderma lucidum, making it easier to release the active ingredients within the cells, thereby improving the extraction rate. In the soaking step, Ganoderma lucidum micro-powder is mixed with pure water at a mass ratio of 1:(15-30) and stirred and soaked at room temperature for 0.5-1 hour, allowing water to fully penetrate into the micro-powder particles and initially dissolve some water-soluble active ingredients. Subsequently, heating and heat preservation are performed; the higher temperature accelerates molecular motion, further promoting the diffusion of active ingredients from the raw material to the solvent. Moreover, this temperature range ensures extraction efficiency while avoiding damage to some heat-sensitive active ingredients due to excessive temperature, thus allowing for the extraction of more types of active ingredients and improving the overall extraction rate. First, coarse filtration removes larger particles of impurities from the extract, such as incompletely broken Ganoderma lucidum residue. Then, vacuum filtration effectively removes tiny particles, colloids, and any microorganisms that may be present. This multi-stage filtration significantly improves the clarity and purity of the extract, yielding high-quality Ganoderma lucidum extract and reducing the impact of impurities on the quality and stability of the extract. Through optimization of the pretreatment, extraction, and filtration steps, this process can more fully extract the active ingredients from Ganoderma lucidum. This reduces waste of raw materials due to incomplete extraction, improves the utilization rate of Ganoderma lucidum, and makes more effective use of this valuable resource. This process is relatively simple; through reasonable combination of steps and parameter settings, it can improve the extraction rate and product quality while controlling costs to a certain extent.

[0019] Optionally, the mixture in the soaking step may be subjected to high-pressure microjet treatment before being stirred at room temperature. The specific steps of the high-pressure microjet treatment are as follows:

[0020] The mixture was subjected to high-pressure microjet treatment at 80-140 MPa, using a pulse jet mode, with a treatment temperature of 0-45℃.

[0021] By employing the above-mentioned technical solution, high-pressure microjet treatment at 80-140 MPa can generate a strong physical force on Ganoderma lucidum cells. The cell walls of Ganoderma lucidum are relatively tough; compared to traditional methods, this application can more thoroughly rupture the cell walls, releasing the effective components within the cells. The pulsed jet mode generates a stronger cavitation effect during the treatment process. This cavitation effect further enhances the destructive effect on the cell walls and allows for a more uniform release of the effective components. High-pressure microjet treatment at a low temperature of 0-45℃ can effectively protect the heat-sensitive active ingredients in the Ganoderma lucidum extract. After high-pressure microjet treatment, the Ganoderma lucidum particles become finer and more uniform, with a significantly increased specific surface area. This greatly increases the contact area between the Ganoderma lucidum particles and pure water in subsequent soaking and extraction steps, allowing the solvent to interact more fully with the active ingredients.

[0022] Optionally, the pretreatment further includes fumigation, which is performed before pressure treatment, and the fumigation method is as follows:

[0023] Steam the Ganoderma lucidum powder in boiling water for 15-40 minutes.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, steam fumigation can moderately soften the cell walls of Ganoderma lucidum micro powder, which is beneficial to subsequent extraction steps. The softening of the cell walls makes it easier for the effective components inside the cells to be released during the subsequent extraction process, thereby improving the extraction efficiency.

[0025] Optionally, after soaking in the extraction step, the mixture is heated to 75°C, and the temperature of the mixture is increased by 5°C every 25-45 minutes. When the temperature of the mixture reaches 95°C, it is kept at that temperature for 20-30 minutes.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, this method can gently extract active ingredients, avoid damage to heat-sensitive ingredients due to sudden temperature rise, make full use of temperature gradients to allow multiple active ingredients to dissolve in their respective suitable temperature ranges; it can improve extraction efficiency and quality, accelerate the diffusion of active ingredients, maintain their activity while extracting efficiently, and make the extraction process more stable; it also helps to reduce energy consumption and costs, avoid early energy waste, and extend the service life of equipment.

[0027] Optionally, the resolvating solvent includes one or more of butanediol solution, glycerol solution, or 1,3-propanediol solution.

[0028] By employing the above-mentioned technical solutions, butylene glycol, glycerol, and 1,3-propanediol are all excellent organic solvents. Many active ingredients in Ganoderma lucidum extract, such as triterpenoids and sterols (lipid-soluble components), exhibit good solubility in these solvents. For some active ingredients with poor water solubility, the reconstitution solvent can increase their solubility, allowing for more uniform dispersion after mixing the concentrate and the reconstitution solvent. This ensures the content of various active ingredients in the extract, improves the overall quality of the extract, and prevents physical instability such as stratification and precipitation during storage. Furthermore, these reconstitution solvents possess certain antioxidant properties, preventing contact with oxygen in the air and reducing oxidation reactions.

[0029] Optionally, when the mass concentration of butanediol, glycerol, and 1,3-propanediol in the reconstitution solvent is <50%, a preservative needs to be added, and the amount of the preservative is 0.3-2.0% of the total mass after reconstitution.

[0030] By employing the above technical solution, when the mass concentration of butylene glycol, glycerol, or 1,3-propanediol in the reconstitution solvent is <50%, the addition of preservatives can effectively inhibit the growth and reproduction of microorganisms, prevent bacteria, molds, and yeasts from contaminating the Ganoderma lucidum extract, protect the active ingredients from microbial degradation and destruction, and maintain its biological activity and pharmacological efficacy. Controlling the amount of preservative within 0.3-2.0% of the mass of the reconstitution solvent ensures antibacterial effects without posing any harm to the human body.

[0031] Optionally, the preservative may be selected from one or more of succinate, 1,2-hexanediol or 1,2-pentanediol.

[0032] By adopting the above technical solutions, phenoxymethyl ketone, 1,2-hexanediol, and 1,2-pentanediol can effectively inhibit the growth and reproduction of microorganisms, ensuring the stability and safety of the extract during storage and use. These three preservatives can exert excellent antibacterial effects at low concentrations without adversely affecting the effective components and product performance of the Ganoderma lucidum extract. Phenoxymethyl ketone, 1,2-hexanediol, and 1,2-pentanediol can be uniformly dispersed in the reconstitution solvent without precipitation, layering, or mutual reactions, ensuring the effectiveness and stability of the preservatives in the entire system. The preservatives in this application are relatively safe preservatives with low toxicity and low irritation, and comply with relevant safety standards and regulations, providing consumers with higher safety assurance.

[0033] Optionally, when the resolvent is butanediol solution or 1,3-propanediol solution, the sterilization step is performed at 85-90°C for 30-40 minutes.

[0034] Optionally, when the resolvent is a glycerol solution, the sterilization step involves sterilization at 95-100°C for 30-40 minutes.

[0035] By employing the above technical solution, a temperature of 85-90℃ is relatively mild, minimizing damage to the active ingredients of Ganoderma lucidum extract in butylene glycol and 1,3-propanediol solutions. These two reconstitution solvents are relatively stable at this temperature; butylene glycol and 1,3-propanediol do not decompose, oxidize, or undergo other chemical reactions within the 85-90℃ range. This ensures that the reconstitution solvents can still effectively dissolve and stabilize the Ganoderma lucidum extract after sterilization, without affecting their interaction with the active ingredients of the extract due to the sterilization process. Glycerin itself has good thermal stability, able to withstand heating for a certain period at 95-100℃ without changing its properties. Simultaneously, glycerin's high boiling point and viscosity can, to some extent, protect the active ingredients in the Ganoderma lucidum extract, reducing the direct impact of high temperatures on these components.

[0036] Thirdly, this application provides an application of Ganoderma lucidum extract, employing the following technical solution:

[0037] An application of Ganoderma lucidum extract in cosmetics.

[0038] Ganoderma lucidum extract has shown significant effects in cosmetics. In terms of anti-wrinkle and firming, its triterpenoid compounds stimulate fibroblasts to synthesize collagen and elastin fibers, regulate extracellular matrix components to enhance skin elasticity and resilience, and its antioxidant properties protect skin structural proteins from free radical attacks. In terms of soothing, it inhibits the production and release of inflammatory factors, repairs damaged skin barriers, regulates skin immune responses, and reduces inflammation and discomfort caused by external stimuli. In terms of brightening, it reduces melanin production by inhibiting tyrosinase activity, promotes the decomposition and transport of melanosomes, improves skin microcirculation, and accelerates the excretion of metabolic waste, thereby fading pigmentation, brightening skin tone, and making the skin healthier and more beautiful.

[0039] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] 1. This application achieves efficient and high-quality extraction of Ganoderma lucidum's effective components through steps such as pulverizing and sieving to increase the specific surface area of ​​raw materials, gentle pretreatment to destroy cell walls, optimizing soaking and extraction conditions, and multi-stage filtration to improve clarity and purity. This allows for the simultaneous extraction and stable maintenance of polysaccharides, triterpenoids, proteins, and polypeptides, thereby improving the utilization rate of Ganoderma lucidum while maintaining the economic efficiency of the process.

[0041] 2. In this application, butylene glycol solution, glycerol solution, or 1,3-propanediol solution is preferably used as the resolvent, which can optimize the solubility of fat-soluble components, improve the quality of the extract, and prevent physical instability. When the concentration of glycerol, butylene glycol, or 1,3-propanediol is <50%, 0.3-2.0% of acetone, 1,2-hexanediol, or 1,2-pentanediol is added as a preservative to inhibit microbial growth, ensure the stability and safety of the extract, and ensure that the preservative is harmless to the human body and meets safety standards.

[0042] 3. When the Ganoderma lucidum extract in this application is used in cosmetics, the triterpenoids it contains can enhance skin elasticity and resilience, and provide antioxidant protection for skin structural proteins. At the same time, it can also inhibit inflammatory factors, repair the skin barrier, and regulate immune responses to soothe the skin. In addition, by inhibiting tyrosinase activity and promoting melanin metabolism, the Ganoderma lucidum extract can also brighten skin tone and make the skin healthier and more beautiful. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The following detailed description of this application is provided in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be noted that: unless otherwise specified, the conditions in the following embodiments are performed under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the following embodiments are all from commercially available sources.

[0044] Example

[0045] Example 1

[0046] A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract:

[0047] Preprocessing

[0048] Select Ganoderma lucidum raw materials, wash and dry them, and then pulverize them using a grinder. The pulverized Ganoderma lucidum particles are passed through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain Ganoderma lucidum micro powder. For larger particles that fail to pass through the sieve, they are pulverized again and sieved again.

[0049] Place the Ganoderma lucidum powder into a high-pressure reactor. Set the temperature to 105℃ and the pressure to 0.08 MPa for processing. Control the processing time to 45 minutes.

[0050] soak

[0051] At room temperature, mix 1 kg of Ganoderma lucidum powder with 23 kg of pure water in a clean container, stir at 1200 r / min for 5 min to obtain a uniform mixture, and then stir the mixture at 60 r / min for 1 hour.

[0052] extract

[0053] After soaking, use a heating device to heat the mixture to 85°C and keep it at that temperature for 2 hours.

[0054] filter

[0055] After the heat preservation is completed, the mixture is coarsely filtered through a filter paper with a pore size distribution of 15-50μm. The filtration is carried out by a vacuum pump at a pressure of -0.09MPa.

[0056] The coarsely filtered product is then finely filtered through a filter paper with a pore size distribution of 0.3-0.5μm, also under a pressure of -0.09MPa.

[0057] concentrate

[0058] The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure (-0.05 MPa, 60°C) using a rotary evaporator until it reached 1 kg, yielding a concentrated solution. The concentrated solution was then mixed with a redissolving solvent at a mass ratio of 1:25 and stirred at 300 rpm for 10 minutes. In this embodiment, a 50% (w / w) butanediol aqueous solution was used as the redissolving solvent.

[0059] Secondary fine filtration

[0060] The concentrated product was then subjected to a second fine filtration under reduced pressure at -0.09 MPa. The filter material was a filter paperboard with a pore size distribution of 0.3-0.5 μm.

[0061] sterilization

[0062] The product after secondary filtration is heated to 88℃ for 30-40 minutes to sterilize and obtain Ganoderma lucidum extract.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0065] Select Ganoderma lucidum raw materials, wash and dry them, and then pulverize them using a grinder. The pulverized Ganoderma lucidum particles are passed through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain Ganoderma lucidum micro powder. For larger particles that fail to pass through the sieve, they are pulverized again and sieved again.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0068] Select Ganoderma lucidum raw materials, wash and dry them, and then pulverize them using a grinder. The pulverized Ganoderma lucidum particles are passed through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain Ganoderma lucidum micro powder. For larger particles that fail to pass through the sieve, they are pulverized again and sieved again.

[0069] Example 4

[0070] A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0071] Place the Ganoderma lucidum powder into a high-pressure reactor. Set the temperature to 105℃ and the pressure to 0.05 MPa for processing. Control the processing time to 45 minutes.

[0072] Example 5

[0073] A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0074] Place the Ganoderma lucidum powder into a high-pressure reactor. Set the temperature to 105℃ and the pressure to 0.1 MPa for processing. Control the processing time to 45 minutes.

[0075] Example 6

[0076] A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0077] At room temperature, mix 1 kg of Ganoderma lucidum powder with 15 kg of pure water in a clean container, stir at 1200 r / min for 5 min to obtain a uniform mixture, and then stir the mixture at 60 r / min for 1 hour.

[0078] Example 7

[0079] A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0080] At room temperature, mix 1 kg of Ganoderma lucidum powder with 30 kg of pure water in a clean container, stir at 1200 r / min for 5 min to obtain a uniform mixture, and then stir the mixture at 60 r / min for 1 hour.

[0081] Example 8

[0082] A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0083] After soaking, use a heating device to heat the mixture to 75°C and keep it at that temperature for 2 hours.

[0084] Example 9

[0085] A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0086] After soaking, use heating equipment to heat the mixture to 95°C and keep it at that temperature for 2 hours.

[0087] Example 10

[0088] A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0089] After soaking, use a heating device to heat the mixture to 75°C and increase the temperature by 5°C every 25 minutes. When the temperature reaches 95°C, keep it at that temperature for 25 minutes.

[0090] Example 11

[0091] A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0092] The concentrate and the reconstituted solvent were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:15.

[0093] Example 12

[0094] A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0095] The concentrate and the reconstituted solvent were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:30.

[0096] Example 13

[0097] A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0098] In this embodiment, a 40% (w / w) butanediol aqueous solution is used as the resolvent.

[0099] Example 14

[0100] A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0101] In this embodiment, a 40% butanediol solution is selected as the resolvent, and 0.2% of ketone and 0.2% of 1,2-hexanediol are added by weight of the resolvent.

[0102] Example 15

[0103] A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0104] In this embodiment, a 50% (w / w) aqueous solution of glycerol was used as the reconstitution solvent, and sterilization was performed at 98°C for 35 minutes.

[0105] Example 16

[0106] A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0107] In this embodiment, the solvent used for resolvation is a 50% (w / w) aqueous solution of 1,3-propanediol.

[0108] Example 17

[0109] A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0110] Select Ganoderma lucidum raw materials, wash and dry them, and then pulverize them using a grinder. The pulverized Ganoderma lucidum particles are passed through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain Ganoderma lucidum micro powder. For larger particles that fail to pass through the sieve, they are pulverized again and sieved again.

[0111] The Ganoderma lucidum powder was first fumigated in a fumigation device with steam at 75±5℃ for 30 minutes, and then placed into a high-pressure reactor. The temperature was set at 110℃ and the pressure range was 0.08 MPa. The processing time was controlled at 45 minutes.

[0112] Example 18

[0113] A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0114] At room temperature, 1 kg of Ganoderma lucidum powder and 23 kg of pure water were mixed in a clean container and stirred at 1200 r / min for 5 min to obtain a uniform mixture. The mixture was then transferred to a high-pressure microjet processing device, and the pressure was gradually increased from 20 MPa / min to 120 MPa for high-pressure microjet processing. A pulse jet mode was used with a pulse frequency of 4 Hz for 6 min and a processing temperature of 25℃. After processing, the mixture was stirred at 60 r / min for 1 hour.

[0115] Example 19

[0116] A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract differs from Example 18 in that:

[0117] At room temperature, 1 kg of Ganoderma lucidum powder and 23 kg of pure water were mixed in a clean container and stirred at 1200 r / min for 5 min to obtain a uniform mixture. The mixture was then transferred to a high-pressure microjet processing device and subjected to high-pressure microjet processing at 20 MPa / min, gradually increasing the pressure to 80 MPa. A pulse jet mode was used with a pulse frequency of 4 Hz for 4 min and a processing temperature of 25℃. After processing, the mixture was stirred at 60 r / min for 1 hour.

[0118] Example 20

[0119] A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract differs from Example 18 in that:

[0120] At room temperature, 1 kg of Ganoderma lucidum powder and 23 kg of pure water were mixed in a clean container and stirred at 1200 r / min for 5 min to obtain a uniform mixture. The mixture was then transferred to a high-pressure microjet processing device and subjected to high-pressure microjet processing at 20 MPa / min, gradually increasing the pressure to 140 MPa. A pulse jet mode was used with a pulse frequency of 4 Hz for 7 min and a processing temperature of 25 ℃. After processing, the mixture was stirred at 60 r / min for 1 hour.

[0121] Example 21

[0122] A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0123] In this embodiment, 1 kg of Ganoderma lucidum powder was mixed with 15 kg of pure water in a clean container, and the redissolution solvent was a 50% glycerol aqueous solution.

[0124] Example 22

[0125] A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract, which differs from Example 1 in that:

[0126] In this embodiment, 1 kg of Ganoderma lucidum powder was mixed with 15 kg of pure water in a clean container, and the redissolution solvent was a 70% glycerol aqueous solution.

[0127] Comparative Example

[0128] Comparative Example 1

[0129] A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract differs from Example 1 in that the pretreatment does not involve micro-pressure treatment at 110°C.

[0130] Comparative Example 2

[0131] A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract differs from Example 1 in that the concentrate is not mixed with the reconstitution solvent.

[0132] Comparative Example 3

[0133] A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract differs from Example 1 in that it does not involve secondary filtration.

[0134] Performance testing

[0135] Detection methods

[0136] The effective components of the Ganoderma lucidum extracts obtained in Examples 1-21 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were determined by LC-10T high performance liquid chromatography, with methanol-water at a ratio of 30:70 (v / v) as the mobile phase.

[0137] The antioxidant capacity of the Ganoderma lucidum extracts obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was tested using an ABTS free radical scavenging assay, and the free radical scavenging rate was calculated. In the experiment, 7 mmol / L ABTS stock solution and 2.45 mmol / L potassium persulfate solution were used. Equal volumes of ABTS stock solution and potassium persulfate solution were mixed and allowed to react at room temperature and in the dark for 12 hours to form ABTS· + Free radical stock solution, ABTS· + The free radical stock solution was diluted to an absorbance of 0.70 ± 0.02 at a wavelength of 734 nm.

[0138] Take 20g of each of the Ganoderma lucidum extracts prepared in the examples and comparative examples, put them into transparent sealed bottles, and let them stand at room temperature (25°C) for 72 hours. Observe whether precipitation or turbidity occurs in the bottles to evaluate their stability.

[0139] The anti-wrinkle and soothing efficacy of the Ganoderma lucidum extracts obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was tested. Forty volunteers with healthy skin were recruited. Each volunteer applied 2g of Ganoderma lucidum extract to a designated area daily for 90 consecutive days. The skin condition of the volunteers was recorded before and after the test and scored from 0 to 5, with 0 points for no obvious effect and 5 points for significant effect. The scores were collected and the average value was calculated.

[0140] Table 1. Component Data

[0141]

[0142]

[0143]

[0144] Table 2 Stability Data

[0145]

[0146]

[0147] Table 3 Experimental Data

[0148] Free radical scavenging rate / % Anti-wrinkle effect Are there any allergies? Example 1 82.50 4.20 No allergies Example 20 83.21 4.1 No allergies Comparative Example 1 56.30 3.10 No allergies Comparative Example 2 60.70 3.60 No allergies Comparative Example 3 67.80 3.90 No allergies

[0149] As can be seen from Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, and Tables 1-3, this mild pretreatment method, which treats the Ganoderma lucidum at 105°C and 0.05-0.1 MPa, helps to disrupt the cell wall structure of Ganoderma lucidum, making it easier for the active ingredients inside the cells to be released. The resulting Ganoderma lucidum extract has a higher content of active ingredients and a higher free radical scavenging rate, and has a better anti-wrinkle effect after application.

[0150] As can be seen from Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, and in conjunction with Tables 1-3, the reconstitution solvent provides a better dissolution environment for the active ingredients in Ganoderma lucidum, improving the extraction rate. Furthermore, the resulting Ganoderma lucidum extract is stable and does not exhibit precipitation or other problems. The Ganoderma lucidum extract obtained by the method described in this application has a higher free radical scavenging rate and exhibits better anti-wrinkle effects after topical application.

[0151] As can be seen from Example 1 and Comparative Example 3, and in conjunction with Tables 1-3, secondary filtration can stabilize the quality of the extract and reduce the impact of new impurities introduced during the extraction process on the purity of the product. The Ganoderma lucidum extract obtained by the method of this application has a higher free radical scavenging rate and a better anti-wrinkle effect after topical application.

[0152] As can be seen from Examples 1-10 and Tables 1-2, pulverizing Ganoderma lucidum and passing it through a 100-300 mesh sieve to obtain micro-powder increases the specific surface area of ​​the raw material, allowing for more thorough contact between the solvent and the raw material during subsequent extraction. Treatment at 105℃ and 0.05-0.1 MPa, this mild pretreatment method helps to disrupt the cell wall structure of Ganoderma lucidum, making it easier to release the active ingredients within the cells. Mixing the micro-powder with pure water at a mass ratio of 1:(15-30) and stirring and soaking at room temperature for 0.5-1 hour allows water to fully penetrate the micro-powder particles, initially dissolving some water-soluble active ingredients. Subsequently, heating to 75-95℃ and maintaining this temperature accelerates molecular motion, further promoting the diffusion of active ingredients from the raw material to the solvent. Using a variable temperature method during the heating extraction process fully utilizes the temperature gradient to allow multiple active ingredients to dissolve within their respective suitable temperature ranges, improving extraction efficiency and quality.

[0153] As can be seen from Examples 1, 10-16, and 21-22 and Table 1-2, butylene glycol, glycerol, and 1,3-propanediol are all excellent organic solvents. Many active ingredients in Ganoderma lucidum extract, such as triterpenoids and other fat-soluble components, exhibit good solubility in these solvents. When the mass concentration of butylene glycol, glycerol, or 1,3-propanediol in the reconstitution solvent is <50%, the addition of preservatives can effectively inhibit the growth and reproduction of microorganisms, protecting the active ingredients from microbial degradation and destruction.

[0154] As can be seen from Examples 1 and 17-20, and Tables 1-2, the gradual pressurization method can more gently and effectively disrupt the cell wall structure. Compared with traditional methods, it can more thoroughly rupture the cell wall and release the effective components within the cell. The pulsed jet mode generates a stronger cavitation effect during processing. The cavitation effect further enhances the disruption of the cell wall and allows for a more uniform release of the effective components within the cell. Steam fumigation with boiling water can moderately soften the cell walls of the Ganoderma lucidum micropowder, which is beneficial for subsequent extraction steps. The softening of the cell walls makes it easier for the effective components within the cell to be released during subsequent extraction, improving extraction efficiency. Referring to Table 3, the Ganoderma lucidum extracts obtained through Examples 1 and 20 have a higher free radical scavenging rate and better anti-wrinkle effects after topical application.

[0155] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of this application and is not intended to limit it. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they fall within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Pretreatment: After crushing the Ganoderma lucidum, pass it through a 100-300 mesh sieve to obtain Ganoderma lucidum micro powder. The Ganoderma lucidum micro powder is first subjected to fumigation treatment. The Ganoderma lucidum micro powder is fumigated in steam for 15-40 minutes, and then treated at 105℃ with a pressure of 0.05-0.08 MPa for 45 minutes. Soaking: Ganoderma lucidum powder and pure water are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:23 to obtain a mixture. The mixture is first subjected to high-pressure microjet treatment and then stirred at room temperature for 0.5-1h. The specific steps of the high-pressure microjet treatment are as follows: the mixture is subjected to high-pressure microjet treatment at 80-140MPa, using a pulse jet mode, and the treatment temperature is 25℃. Extraction: After soaking, the mixture is heated to 75°C, and the temperature is increased by 5°C every 25 minutes. When the mixture reaches 95°C, it is kept at that temperature for 25 minutes. Filtration: After the temperature is kept at that temperature, the mixture is coarsely filtered through a filter material at -0.08 to -0.1 MPa. The pore size of the filter material is 15-50 μm. Fine filtration: The product after coarse filtration is then filtered under reduced pressure at -0.08 to -0.1 MPa, with the filter material having a pore size of 0.3-0.5 μm; Concentration: The filtrate is concentrated to the same mass as the Ganoderma lucidum powder. The concentrate is then mixed with a reconstitution solvent at a volume ratio of 1:(15-30). The reconstitution solvent includes one or more of butanediol solution, glycerol solution, or 1,3-propanediol solution. When the mass concentration of butanediol, glycerol, or 1,3-propanediol in the reconstitution solvent is <50%, a preservative needs to be added. The amount of the preservative is 0.3-0.4% of the total mass after reconstitution. The preservative is selected from one or more of ketone, 1,2-hexanediol, or 1,2-pentanediol. Secondary fine filtration: The concentrated product is then filtered under reduced pressure at -0.08 to -0.1 MPa, with the filter material having a pore size of 0.3-0.5 μm; Sterilization: The product after secondary filtration is then sterilized by heating to obtain Ganoderma lucidum extract; The components of the Ganoderma lucidum extract, by mass parts, include: 0.01-0.5 parts polysaccharide, 0.05-0.5 parts triterpenoids, 0.05-0.5 parts protein, and 0.01-0.5 parts polypeptide.

2. The method for preparing Ganoderma lucidum extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the resolution solvent is butanediol solution or 1,3-propanediol solution, the sterilization step is performed at 85-90℃ for 30-40 minutes; when the resolution solvent is glycerol solution, the sterilization step is performed at 95-100℃ for 30-40 minutes.

3. A Ganoderma lucidum extract prepared by the preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The components of the Ganoderma lucidum extract, by mass parts, include: 0.01-0.5 parts polysaccharide, 0.05-0.5 parts triterpenoids, 0.05-0.5 parts protein, and 0.01-0.5 parts polypeptide.

4. The application of a Ganoderma lucidum extract prepared by the preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, or the Ganoderma lucidum extract according to claim 3, in the preparation of cosmetics.

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