Energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experiment method, device, system, equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention provides an energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experiment method, device, system, equipment and medium, and belongs to the technical field of battery test experiments. The method comprises the following steps: matching combustion simulation test items according to a preset simulation combustion scene of the energy storage battery; generating a simulation test instruction according to the matched combustion simulation test item; sending the simulation test instruction to a simulation execution unit; acquiring fire extinguishing data of the energy storage battery in the process that the simulation execution unit executes the simulation test instruction to perform fire extinguishing simulation on the energy storage battery; and analyzing and processing the fire extinguishing data to obtain a fire extinguishing experiment result. According to the invention, the fire extinguishing disposal capability of the fire extinguishing agent of the energy storage battery can be effectively evaluated, and the actual effect can be truly reflected from the experimental result; the fire disposal capacity of the fire extinguishing agent is comprehensively investigated and is tightly combined with the actual situation of the energy storage battery fire; compared with the single detection performance of the existing fire extinguishing agent, the method more truly reflects the battery fire disposal capability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery testing experiments, and in particular to an energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental method, an energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental device, an energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental system, an electronic device and a computer-readable storage medium. Background Art

[0002] When there are many batteries in an energy storage power station and they are densely arranged, the number of single cells inside the energy storage cabin can reach tens of thousands. Thermal runaway of single cells can easily lead to chain reactions in surrounding batteries, causing fires and explosions. After a fire occurs in an energy storage power station, the batteries burn due to thermal runaway, and lithium iron phosphate batteries and ternary lithium batteries will burn in multiple forms. As the temperature inside the battery continues to rise, the battery diaphragm continues to melt and shrinks until the positive and negative electrodes of the battery come into contact. At this time, the battery short-circuits and continues to release a large amount of energy, causing the temperature to rise rapidly. The leaked battery electrolyte decomposes and reacts with other organic solvents inside, exothermic chemical reactions, and begins to release CO2, HF, H2, etc.

[0003] When the temperature rises to about 300°C, the lithium inside the lithium-ion battery reacts chemically with the electrolyte and organic solvent, and begins to produce a large amount of hydrocarbon combustible gases, such as methane and ethane. Since the battery itself constitutes a closed space, the gas cannot diffuse quickly, and the gas accumulates in the battery, causing the battery to bulge. If the battery is still in a charging state at this time, the positive electrode of the battery continues to undergo a strong redox reaction with the battery electrolyte. This process will cause the battery to quickly rise to a high temperature and release a large amount of toxic gases.

[0004] Since most energy storage power stations currently use energy storage cabins, the battery modules in the cabins are arranged closely in clusters. Battery modules in a high-temperature state of thermal runaway can easily affect other battery modules to cause thermal runaway, causing a chain reaction, and eventually leading to open flames in the batteries, which begin to burn until they explode. Fires caused by thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries are electrical fires.

[0005] Lithium-ion batteries are energy storage materials. When thermal runaway occurs and the battery burns, a large amount of energy is released, which causes the fire to spread faster and the fire to increase rapidly. In addition, the electrochemical reaction when the battery burns will produce a large amount of flammable and toxic gases, further increasing the difficulty of fire fighting. Depending on the different fuels that ignite when the lithium-ion battery thermal runaways, battery fires in energy storage power stations can be divided into the following five categories:

[0006] 1. Solid fire using battery negative electrode materials as fuel (Class A);

[0007] 2. Liquid fire using battery electrolyte as fuel (Class B);

[0008] 3. Gas fires fueled by large amounts of flammable gas produced by electrochemical reactions caused by thermal runaway of batteries (Class C);

[0009] 4. Metal fires fueled by lithium embedded in batteries and other metal materials (Class D);

[0010] 5. The most serious and most dangerous electrical fire (Class E) is the fire that uses the entire energy storage power station's various energy-containing equipment, battery module clusters and other overall systems as fuel.

[0011] However, most of the current research on battery overcharge thermal runaway is based on laboratory environments, which cannot fully reflect the operating conditions of lithium-ion battery modules in energy storage power station environments, and the overcharge of lithium-ion batteries is affected by many factors. The thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries has a spreading characteristic. After a single battery overcharges and thermal runaway, it is very easy to cause thermal runaway in adjacent batteries. The spatial structure of the lithium-ion battery itself will also affect its overcharge thermal runaway characteristics.

[0012] In the prior art, through the overcharge thermal runaway control experiment of soft-pack and hard-shell lithium iron phosphate batteries, it was found that compared with soft-pack lithium iron phosphate batteries, hard-shell batteries are more likely to accumulate heat when overcharged and the temperature rises faster. The speed of temperature rise of hard-shell lithium iron phosphate batteries is more affected by the distance between battery modules, while when the temperature of soft-pack batteries rises, it is more affected by the internal expansion force of the battery, and the battery is more likely to produce mechanical stress. The spatial structure of soft-pack batteries should be reasonably adjusted according to this characteristic.

[0013] At present, the commonly used fire extinguishing agents in energy storage power stations include heptafluoropropane, perfluorohexanone, fine water mist, water spray, compressed air foam and other fire extinguishing agents. Some energy storage power stations use two fire extinguishing agents to extinguish fires in coordination. However, none of the above fire extinguishing agents can fully deal with fires in energy storage batteries. The flames of battery fires, the burning of high-temperature electrolytes and accessories in the batteries, the smoke and dust in the battery compartment, and flammable and explosive gases are all objects that require emergency disposal. For example, gas fire extinguishing agents can only extinguish open flames, and the cooling effect is extremely weak; fine water mist can only cool down, and cannot quickly extinguish open flames in the cabin; foam is a flooding fire extinguishing cooling, eliminating smoke and dust, with low efficiency, but cannot eliminate flammable gases in the cabin. In short, each fire extinguishing technology has its own advantages and cannot fully meet the needs of energy storage battery fire extinguishing.

[0014] In order to deal with lithium-ion battery fires, when conducting lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing experiments using traditional fire extinguishing agents, the fire extinguishing agents are directly applied to the lithium-ion battery body. However, the lithium-ion battery packs actually used are all equipped with enclosures such as outer shells. Therefore, the fire extinguishing experiment of directly applying the fire extinguishing agent to the lithium-ion battery body does not match the actual situation, which will cause distortion of the experimental data.

[0015] For example, the Chinese invention patent with application number CN201710594419.8 discloses an energy storage power station early warning and fire fighting system. This system considers the fire fighting design of the energy storage power station from the perspective of fire prevention early warning to fire extinguishing after the fire occurs. However, the patent does not disclose whether the fire extinguishing system in the fire fighting design can completely extinguish the fire after it is activated; the Chinese invention patent with application number CN201811557894.9 discloses a method for screening the amount of fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing lithium-ion battery fires. The method is the same as the fire extinguishing test scenario for battery fires at home and abroad, and only stays in the single cell fire scenario, lacking the scenario test of module-level battery fire extinguishing. Due to the inconsistency of battery cells, the danger of battery modules or battery clusters composed of multiple battery cells connected in series and parallel is greatly increased, and the data results of single cells cannot ensure the effectiveness of fire extinguishing when a fire occurs in a battery module or battery cluster. Summary of the invention

[0016] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method, device, system, equipment and medium for testing fire extinguishing of energy storage batteries, so as to solve the problems in the prior art such as the lack of scenario testing of battery fire extinguishing at the module level.

[0017] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental method, the method comprising:

[0018] Match the combustion simulation test items according to the preset simulated combustion scenario of the energy storage battery;

[0019] Generate simulation test instructions according to the matched combustion simulation test items;

[0020] Sending simulation test instructions to the simulation execution unit;

[0021] In the process of the simulation execution unit executing the simulation test instruction to simulate the combustion of the energy storage battery, the fire extinguishing data of the energy storage battery is obtained;

[0022] The fire extinguishing data is analyzed and processed to obtain the fire extinguishing experiment results.

[0023] Preferably, the simulation execution unit includes: a combustion execution device, a smoke execution device and a fire extinguishing execution device; the simulation test instructions include: a combustion simulation instruction, a smoke simulation instruction and a fire extinguishing simulation instruction;

[0024] Sending simulation test instructions to the simulation execution unit includes:

[0025] sending a combustion simulation instruction to a combustion execution device, and sending a smoke simulation instruction to a smoke execution device;

[0026] In the process where the combustion execution device executes the combustion simulation instruction to simulate the combustion of the energy storage battery and the smoke execution device executes the smoke simulation instruction to simulate the introduction of smoke into the energy storage battery, the combustion state of the energy storage battery collected by the combustion collection device is obtained;

[0027] When it is determined that the combustion state of the energy storage battery reaches a preset state, a fire extinguishing simulation instruction is sent to the fire extinguishing execution device, and the fire extinguishing execution device executes the fire extinguishing simulation instruction to spray a fire extinguishing agent to the energy storage battery in the preset state for a fire extinguishing test.

[0028] Preferably, the simulated combustion scenarios of the energy storage battery include: a battery compartment combustion scenario, a battery cluster combustion scenario and a battery module combustion scenario.

[0029] Preferably, the fire extinguishing agent is any one of a fine water mist fire extinguishing agent, a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent, a composite fire extinguishing agent of a metal-based compound and a foam liquid, a heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing agent and a water spray fire extinguishing agent.

[0030] Preferably, the fire extinguishing data includes at least one of: fire extinguishing time, battery temperature, smoke concentration, battery pressure, harmful gas concentration and gas flow rate.

[0031] The present invention also provides an energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental device, which is used to implement the above-mentioned energy storage battery fire extinguishing test method, and the device comprises:

[0032] Main control module, used for:

[0033] Match the combustion simulation test items according to the preset simulated combustion scenario of the energy storage battery;

[0034] Generate simulation test instructions according to the matched combustion simulation test items;

[0035] Sending simulation test instructions to the simulation execution unit;

[0036] In the process of the simulation execution unit executing the simulation test instruction to simulate the combustion of the energy storage battery, the fire extinguishing data of the energy storage battery is obtained;

[0037] The fire extinguishing data is analyzed and processed to obtain the fire extinguishing experiment results.

[0038] The present invention also provides an energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental system, the system comprising:

[0039] The above-mentioned energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental device;

[0040] A simulation execution unit, used to receive the simulation test instruction issued by the energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental device, and execute the simulation test instruction to perform combustion extinguishing simulation on the energy storage battery;

[0041] The acquisition unit is used to collect the fire extinguishing data of the energy storage battery during the combustion simulation process, and upload the collected fire extinguishing data to the energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental device.

[0042] Preferably, the simulation test instructions include: combustion simulation instructions, smoke simulation instructions and fire extinguishing simulation instructions.

[0043] Preferably, the simulation execution unit comprises:

[0044] A combustion execution device, used for executing a combustion simulation instruction to simulate the combustion of an energy storage battery;

[0045] A smoke execution device, used to execute a smoke simulation instruction to simulate the introduction of smoke into the energy storage battery;

[0046] A combustion collection device, used to collect the combustion state of the energy storage battery during the process in which the combustion execution device executes the combustion simulation instruction to simulate the combustion of the energy storage battery and the smoke execution device executes the smoke simulation instruction to simulate the introduction of smoke into the energy storage battery, and upload the collected combustion state of the energy storage battery to the energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental device;

[0047] The fire extinguishing execution device is used to execute the fire extinguishing simulation instruction and spray the fire extinguishing agent to the energy storage battery in the preset state to perform the fire extinguishing test.

[0048] Preferably, the acquisition unit comprises: at least one of a monitor, a temperature sensor, a smoke detector, a thermal radiation meter, a gas detector and a pressure sensor.

[0049] Preferably, the energy storage battery includes a battery compartment and several battery clusters, all battery clusters are installed in the battery compartment, each battery cluster is composed of multiple battery modules, and a battery cluster has at least one combustion battery, which is ignited by a combustion execution device to simulate the combustion of the energy storage battery.

[0050] The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the above-mentioned energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental method when executing the computer program.

[0051] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental method is implemented.

[0052] Through the above technical solution, the present invention has at least the following technical effects:

[0053] 1. The present invention can effectively evaluate the fire extinguishing ability of the fire extinguishing agent of the energy storage battery, and the experimental results can truly reflect its actual effect;

[0054] 2. The present invention comprehensively examines the fire handling capability of the fire extinguishing agent, and is closely integrated with the actual situation of the energy storage battery fire; compared with the single performance of the existing fire extinguishing agent detection, this method more truly reflects the battery fire handling capability.

[0055] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific implementations, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0057] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of an energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental method provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 2 It is a block diagram of an energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental system provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the layout structure of an energy storage battery provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the layout structure of battery modules in a battery cluster provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the layout structure of a combustion cell and a combustion disk provided in one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the embodiment of the present invention, and is not used to limit the embodiment of the present invention.

[0063] Embodiment 1

[0064] Figure 1 is a flow chart of an energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental method provided by one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for a fire extinguishing test of an energy storage battery, the method comprising:

[0065] Step S101: matching a combustion simulation test item according to a preset simulated combustion scenario of an energy storage battery;

[0066] Need to explain, such as Figure 3-4As shown, the energy storage battery includes a battery compartment and a plurality of battery clusters. The battery compartment generally uses a 20-foot and 40-foot standard box. All battery clusters can be detached and installed inside the battery compartment. The distance between the top of each battery cluster and the top of the battery compartment does not exceed 500 mm, which truly simulates the spatial layout of the energy storage battery. The height of the battery cluster can also be adjusted according to actual needs. Each battery cluster is composed of a plurality of overlapping simulated batteries, and one of the battery clusters has at least one combustion battery. The combustion battery has fuel inside, which is used to simulate the combustion of the energy storage battery after being ignited. In this embodiment, the number of battery clusters in the battery compartment and the data of the battery modules of each battery cluster can be flexibly adjusted according to actual test needs.

[0067] In this embodiment, the simulated combustion scenarios of the energy storage battery include: battery compartment combustion scenario, battery cluster combustion scenario and battery module combustion scenario. The three combustion scenarios correspond to different test items. Each test item has different test experimental operations. The corresponding combustion simulation test items are matched according to the test experimental requirements.

[0068] Among them, the battery cabin combustion scenario is: 6 battery clusters are arranged in the battery cabin, namely battery cluster 1, battery cluster 2, battery cluster 3, battery cluster 4, battery cluster 5 and battery cluster 6, each battery cluster is composed of 6 battery modules, from top to bottom of the battery cluster: battery module 1, battery module 2, battery module 3, battery module 4, battery module 5 and battery module 6, the 4th battery module in the 4th battery cluster is used as a combustion battery, and other battery modules can also be used as combustion batteries, which can be flexibly selected according to actual needs.

[0069] The length, width and height of each battery cluster are 600×400×2000mm respectively, the height of each battery module is 300mm, and the height distance between two adjacent battery modules is 50-60mm. The battery module is an empty box made of copper material with a thickness of 4mm. A layer of flame-retardant sealing material (thickness of 10mm-12mm) is set in the empty box shell of the battery module. The empty box is filled with heat transfer oil, which is used to simulate the electrolyte. Usually, each battery module box is filled with heat transfer oil; for the combustion battery, a combustion tray is set inside the combustion battery. The size of the combustion tray is 300×200×200mm. The electrolyte (methyl ethyl carbonate) is stored in the combustion tray. When simulating the combustion scene of the battery compartment, the electrolyte in the combustion tray is ignited.

[0070] Among them, the battery cluster combustion scenario is: based on the battery compartment combustion scenario, battery cluster No. 4 is retained and the remaining battery clusters are removed. When the battery cluster combustion scenario is simulated, the electrolyte in the burning battery in the battery cluster is ignited.

[0071] Among them, the battery module combustion scenario is: on the basis of the battery cluster combustion scenario, the fourth electric module (ie, the burning battery) in the No. 4 battery cluster is retained, and the remaining batteries in the battery cluster are removed. When the battery module combustion scenario is simulated, the electrolyte in the burning battery is ignited.

[0072] Therefore, in this embodiment, the combustion simulation test items include a battery compartment combustion test, a battery cluster combustion test and a battery module combustion test, and corresponding combustion simulation test items are matched to the simulated combustion scenarios of the above-mentioned different energy storage batteries.

[0073] Step S102: Generate simulation test instructions according to the matched combustion simulation test items; in this embodiment, the simulation test instructions include: combustion simulation instructions, smoke simulation instructions and fire extinguishing simulation instructions.

[0074] Step S103: Sending the simulation test instruction to the simulation execution unit;

[0075] In this embodiment, the simulation execution unit includes: a combustion execution device, a smoke execution device and a fire extinguishing execution device;

[0076] Among them, the combustion execution device includes: an igniter, a combustion module, a combustible gas module and a combustion atomization module.

[0077] The igniter is installed on the top of the combustion disk of the combustion battery and is used to remotely ignite the electrolyte in the combustion disk.

[0078] The combustion module includes: fuel storage equipment, fuel delivery equipment, pipelines, valves, fuel nozzles, flow meters and pressure gauges; fuels include battery electrolytes, oils and other flammable liquids or gases or solid media or mixed media, and fuel delivery equipment includes pumps, air compressors and other equipment; fuel nozzles are set in each battery module to simulate battery fires in different positions; the combustion module provides a continuous fuel supply and adjusts the combustion state according to the combustion simulation instructions; electrolytes, ethanol and other fuels can be configured in the fuel storage tank, and the corresponding fuels are generally configured according to test needs. For batteries, electrolytes are generally configured. At present, the electrolyte of lithium-ion batteries generally uses lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) as the solute and carbonates as the solvent (ethylene carbonate EC, dimethyl carbonate DMC, propylene carbonate PC, etc.).

[0079] In this embodiment, in order to simulate the continuous combustion of the combustion battery, it is necessary to continuously replenish the electrolyte into the combustion disk, so a U-shaped tube liquid level display is provided on the pipeline connecting the combustion battery, such as Figure 5As shown, one end of the pipeline is connected to the bottom of the combustion disk inside the combustion cell, and the other end is connected to the fuel storage device. The U-tube liquid level display is used to display the liquid level of the electrolyte in the combustion disk. When the liquid level displayed by the U-tube liquid level display is lower than 50mm, the electrolyte is added to the combustion disk.

[0080] The combustible gas module includes a fuel tank, a vaporizer, a valve, a delivery pipeline, a nozzle, a flow meter, a pressure gauge, a gas component distribution ratio device, etc. The input end of the vaporizer is connected to the output end of the fuel tank, the output end of the vaporizer is connected to the input end of the delivery pipeline, the output end of the delivery pipeline is connected to the input end of the nozzle, the flow meter, the pressure gauge and the gas component distribution ratio device are all installed on the delivery pipeline, the gas tank includes one or several tanks, which store hydrogen, HF, carbon dioxide, olefins and other gases respectively; according to the type of battery and the combustion state, the gas of the corresponding component is output to simulate the gas released during the battery accident process; when the temperature of the burning battery reaches a certain level and lasts for a certain period of time, the adjacent batteries begin to burn and spray, simulating the diffusion of combustion.

[0081] The fuel atomization module includes liquid fuel, an atomizer, an atomized fuel storage tank, an atomized medium delivery pipeline, an atomized medium nozzle, etc. The atomized fuel storage tank stores liquid fuel, the input end of the atomized medium delivery pipeline is connected to the output end of the atomized fuel storage tank, the output end of the atomized medium delivery pipeline is connected to the input end of the atomizer, and the output end of the atomizer is connected to the input end of the atomized medium nozzle. The electrolyte and other fuels are atomized to form steam, which can be ignited to form a jet fire after being sprayed into the battery compartment and diffused. The atomized gas has multiple injection ports in the compartment to form a mass shape in various forms, simulating the accident state after the battery sprays out combustible gas.

[0082] The smoke actuator includes an aerosol storage, a smoke injector, a smoke delivery pipeline, a valve, etc. The valve is installed on the smoke delivery pipeline. The input end of the smoke delivery pipeline is connected to the output end of the aerosol storage, and the output end of the smoke delivery pipeline is connected to the input end of the smoke injector. The smoke injector is installed on the inner wall of the battery compartment to simulate the smoke state formed during the battery combustion process.

[0083] In this embodiment, sending the simulation test instruction to the simulation execution unit includes:

[0084] Step a01: Send the combustion simulation instruction to the combustion execution device, and send the smoke simulation instruction to the smoke execution device at the same time; in this embodiment, the combustion simulation instruction includes the ignition control instruction of the igniter and the combustion diffusion control instruction of the combustible gas module, and the smoke simulation instruction includes the smoke injection flow and injection pressure control instructions.

[0085] Step a02: In the process where the combustion execution device executes the combustion simulation instruction to simulate the combustion of the energy storage battery and the smoke execution device executes the smoke simulation instruction to simulate the introduction of smoke into the energy storage battery, the combustion state of the energy storage battery collected by the combustion collection device is obtained; in this embodiment, the combustion state includes parameters such as combustion temperature, combustion time, and combustion pressure, and the combustion collection device includes thermocouples, pressure gauges, etc., and the thermocouples and pressure gauges are both installed in the gap between the internal shell of the combustion battery and the flame retardant sealing material.

[0086] Step a03: When it is determined that the combustion state of the energy storage battery reaches a preset state, the preset state is a preset pressure and / or a preset combustion time, etc. For example, when the combustion time of the energy storage battery reaches the preset combustion time, a fire extinguishing simulation instruction is sent to the fire extinguishing execution device, and the fire extinguishing execution device executes the fire extinguishing simulation instruction to spray a fire extinguishing agent to the energy storage battery in the preset state for a fire extinguishing test; in this embodiment, the fire extinguishing simulation instruction includes a fire extinguishing agent type selection instruction, and control instructions such as the injection flow rate, injection pressure, and injection time of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0087] Step S104: in the process of the simulation execution unit executing the simulation test instruction to perform combustion extinguishing simulation on the energy storage battery, the fire extinguishing data of the energy storage battery is obtained;

[0088] In this embodiment, the fire extinguishing data includes at least one of: fire extinguishing time, battery temperature, smoke concentration, battery pressure, harmful gas concentration and gas flow rate.

[0089] In this embodiment, the fire extinguishing data of the energy storage battery is collected by a collection unit, and the collection unit includes: at least one of a monitor, a temperature sensor, a smoke detector, a gas detector, a thermal radiation meter (infrared imager) and a pressure sensor.

[0090] The temperature sensor has the following arrangement positions:

[0091] 1. Arrange at least one temperature sensor on the combustion battery and the four battery modules adjacent to the combustion battery above, below, left and right, respectively, to detect the heat spread of the combustion battery and its surroundings;

[0092] 2. Arrange at least four sensors in each adjacent battery cluster that has not caught fire, one on the fire-facing side and one on the back-facing side of the battery cluster. Arrange one sensor on the upper and lower parts of the two surfaces to detect the thermal radiation effect of the burning battery on the battery cluster.

[0093] 2. At least one sensor is arranged at the top center of the battery compartment, the side of the long side, and the top of the side of the short side to detect changes in the temperature field in the battery compartment and to determine the cooling and heat spread in the battery compartment.

[0094] Among them, the gas detector: detects the gas distribution in the battery compartment, and the detected gases include at least hydrogen, oxygen, CO, alkanes, organic gases containing acid, fat and other functional groups, etc.; the number of detectors for each gas is no less than 3, which are arranged in the upper, middle and lower positions of the battery compartment respectively.

[0095] Among them, thermal radiation meter: one thermal radiation meter is arranged at the same height in at least four directions of the east, south, west and north of the battery cluster with combustion batteries, which is used to detect the changes in thermal radiation around the combustion batteries and to judge the extinction status and extinction rate of the combustion batteries.

[0096] Among them, smoke detectors: a measuring instrument is arranged at at least 4 positions on the top of the battery compartment, and a measuring instrument is arranged at at least 2 positions in the middle of the battery compartment, which are used to detect the concentration distribution of smoke in the compartment during the fire extinguishing process.

[0097] Among them, the monitor: is arranged in a position where the burning battery can be fully observed, and at least one monitor is arranged, and the monitor adopts a video monitor.

[0098] Among them, pressure sensor: at least one pressure sensor is arranged in the battery compartment to detect the pressure changes in the compartment during the entire fire extinguishing process.

[0099] In this embodiment, the acquisition unit also includes an infrared imager, an anemometer, etc.;

[0100] Infrared imager: at least one infrared imager is deployed to detect the surface temperature changes of the battery cluster of the burning battery and the adjacent battery clusters, and to detect the flame extinguishing situation;

[0101] Anemometers: At least two are arranged to detect the flow direction and velocity of airflow in the cabin during combustion and fire extinguishing.

[0102] Step S105: Analyze and process the fire extinguishing data to obtain the fire extinguishing test results.

[0103] The present invention comprehensively examines the fire handling capability of the fire extinguishing agent from four aspects, namely, fire extinguishing, cooling, smoke absorption, and gas absorption of the burning battery, and is closely integrated with the actual situation of the energy storage battery fire; compared with the single performance of the existing fire extinguishing agent detection, the present method more truly reflects the battery fire handling capability; secondly, the method of the present invention can effectively evaluate the handling capability of a certain fire extinguishing agent, and truly reflect its actual effect from the detection data; and the present invention adopts a full-scale experimental method, fully considers various combustion conditions in the battery compartment, and designs a test device and data acquisition system covering various fire scenes.

[0104] The battery combustion of the present invention is based on the actual battery combustion conditions of energy storage power stations. Generally, it is considered that a battery module has thermal runaway, and then forms a combustion state, which forms heat spread to the surrounding batteries, resulting in the combustion of multiple battery modules. The burning battery can be located at the top, middle and bottom of the battery cluster. The battery cluster can be located at the edge of the battery compartment, surrounded by the battery compartment wall and a small number of battery clusters. The battery compartment where the burning battery is located may also be in the center of the battery compartment. The burning battery is surrounded by battery clusters. Different initial fire positions are designed, and the fire extinguishing agent spraying test is carried out respectively to examine the fire extinguishing ability of the fire extinguishing agent on batteries at different fire positions.

[0105] Embodiment 2

[0106] This embodiment provides an energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental device, which is used to implement the above-mentioned energy storage battery fire extinguishing test method, and the device includes:

[0107] The main control module is used to: match the combustion simulation test items according to the preset simulated combustion scene of the energy storage battery; generate simulation test instructions according to the matched combustion simulation test items; send the simulation test instructions to the simulation execution unit; obtain the fire extinguishing data of the energy storage battery during the process of the simulation execution unit executing the simulation test instructions to simulate the combustion of the energy storage battery; analyze and process the fire extinguishing data to obtain the fire extinguishing test results.

[0108] In this embodiment, the main control template includes a controller and a processor, wherein the controller is mainly used to generate simulation test instructions according to the matched combustion simulation test items; and send the simulation test instructions to the simulation execution unit; the processor is mainly used to analyze and process the fire extinguishing data to obtain the fire extinguishing test results; the processor has a data diagnosis model, and the data diagnosis model can calculate the burning rate, predict the burning duration, the heat accumulation of adjacent batteries, judge the possibility of heat spread of adjacent batteries, etc. according to the fire extinguishing data, judge the content and distribution of combustible gas, judge the reduction rate of smoke concentration in the cabin, predict the remaining fire extinguishing time, etc.; the model can be continuously updated and upgraded, and the appropriate mathematical model and algorithm can be selected according to the test object.

[0109] Secondly, the processor has a storage module, which is used to store data diagnosis models and also to store data such as basic databases, expert experience libraries, dynamic data storage libraries, data transmission devices, and test result evaluation libraries.

[0110] In this embodiment, the specific implementation process of the main control module is the same as that in the first embodiment, and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0111] The present invention can effectively evaluate the fire extinguishing capability of the fire extinguishing agent of the energy storage battery, and the experimental results can truly reflect its actual effect;

[0112] Secondly, the present invention comprehensively examines the fire handling capability of the fire extinguishing agent, and is closely integrated with the actual situation of the energy storage battery fire; compared with the single performance of the existing fire extinguishing agent detection, this method more truly reflects the battery fire handling capability.

[0113] Embodiment 3

[0114] Figure 2 is a block diagram of an energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides an energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental system, the system comprising:

[0115] The above-mentioned energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental device comprises a main control module, which is used to: match the combustion simulation test items according to the preset simulated combustion scene of the energy storage battery; generate simulation test instructions according to the matched combustion simulation test items; send the simulation test instructions to the simulation execution unit; obtain the fire extinguishing data of the energy storage battery during the process of the simulation execution unit executing the simulation test instructions to simulate the combustion of the energy storage battery; analyze and process the fire extinguishing data to obtain the fire extinguishing test results; in this embodiment, the energy storage battery comprises a battery compartment and a plurality of battery clusters, all battery clusters are installed in the battery compartment, each battery cluster consists of a plurality of battery modules, and a battery cluster has at least one combustion battery, and the combustion battery is ignited by the combustion execution device to simulate the combustion of the energy storage battery.

[0116] And also includes: a simulation execution unit and a collection unit;

[0117] The simulation execution unit is used to receive the simulation test instruction issued by the energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental device, and execute the simulation test instruction to perform combustion extinguishing simulation on the energy storage battery;

[0118] The acquisition unit is used to collect the fire extinguishing data of the energy storage battery during the combustion simulation process, and upload the collected fire extinguishing data to the energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental device.

[0119] As a further optimization of this embodiment, the simulation test instruction includes: a combustion simulation instruction, a smoke simulation instruction and a fire extinguishing simulation instruction; then the simulation execution unit includes: a combustion execution device, a smoke execution device, a combustion collection device and a fire extinguishing execution device;

[0120] The combustion execution device is used to execute the combustion simulation instruction to simulate the combustion of the energy storage battery;

[0121] The smoke execution device is used to execute the smoke simulation instruction to simulate the introduction of smoke into the energy storage battery;

[0122] The combustion collection device is used to collect the combustion state of the energy storage battery during the process in which the combustion execution device executes the combustion simulation instruction to simulate the combustion of the energy storage battery and the smoke execution device executes the smoke simulation instruction to simulate the introduction of smoke into the energy storage battery, and upload the collected combustion state of the energy storage battery to the energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental device;

[0123] The fire extinguishing execution device is used to execute the fire extinguishing simulation instruction and spray the fire extinguishing agent to the energy storage battery in a preset state to perform a fire extinguishing test.

[0124] As a further optimization of this embodiment, the acquisition unit includes: at least one of a monitor, a temperature sensor, a smoke detector, a thermal radiation meter, a gas detector and a pressure sensor.

[0125] In this embodiment, the layout positions of the various devices such as the monitor, temperature sensor, smoke detector, thermal radiation meter, gas detector and pressure sensor of the collection unit in the battery compartment fully consider the various factors involved in the fire extinguishing performance, and are arranged at multiple points in the battery compartment to collect a large amount of data for analysis and judgment. The fire extinguishing intensity of the fire extinguishing agent can be detected, such as the amount of fire extinguishing agent configured in a unit volume, the injection flow rate, the injection pressure, the continuous supply time, etc.

[0126] The present invention can effectively evaluate the fire extinguishing capability of the fire extinguishing agent of the energy storage battery, and the experimental results can truly reflect its actual effect;

[0127] Secondly, the present invention comprehensively examines the fire handling capability of the fire extinguishing agent, and is closely integrated with the actual situation of the energy storage battery fire; compared with the single performance of the existing fire extinguishing agent detection, this method more truly reflects the battery fire handling capability.

[0128] This embodiment provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the above-mentioned energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental method when executing the computer program.

[0129] This embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental method is implemented.

[0130] The specific implementation process of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0131] The present invention can effectively evaluate the fire extinguishing capability of the fire extinguishing agent of the energy storage battery, and the experimental results can truly reflect its actual effect;

[0132] Secondly, the present invention comprehensively examines the fire handling capability of the fire extinguishing agent, and is closely integrated with the actual situation of the energy storage battery fire; compared with the single performance of the existing fire extinguishing agent detection, this method more truly reflects the battery fire handling capability.

[0133] Embodiment 4

[0134] In this embodiment, the fire extinguishing performance of water mist is experimentally tested based on the energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental method in Embodiment 1.

[0135] Experimental arrangement: The battery compartment is equipped with 6 battery clusters as experimental simulation devices, and each battery cluster is equipped with 6 battery modules to test the fine water mist fire extinguishing capability.

[0136] Eight water mist nozzles are set on the top of the battery compartment, arranged in two rows and evenly spaced. The nozzle type is selected according to the design flow rate, and the atomization angle is 90 degrees, which fully covers the cross section of the compartment. Six battery cluster simulation devices are arranged in the center of the battery compartment. The length, width and height of each battery cluster are 600×400×2000mm respectively, and the height of each battery module is 300mm. The height distance between two adjacent battery modules is 50-60mm. The arrangement of these six battery clusters and related components is as follows: Figure 3 shown.

[0137] The combustion battery in the battery cluster is placed in the middle of the No. 4 battery cluster (such as Figure 3 , 4 As shown, a thermocouple (range: room temperature -400℃, accuracy: 1℃, data acquisition frequency: 6 times / min) is arranged in each of the burning battery module and the four battery modules above, below, left and right to monitor the temperature changes in the battery module. The outer shell of the battery module is made of steel with a thickness of 4mm. Flame-retardant sealing plastic (thickness 10-12mm) and heat transfer oil (simulating electrolyte) are arranged in the shell to make the inside of the unburned battery filled, simulating the real battery state and meeting the thermal resistance conditions.

[0138] Thermocouples are placed in the gap between the outer shell and the sealing plastic to detect the temperature rise of adjacent batteries. When the temperature of the thermocouple in the unburned battery module exceeds 100°C, the battery is deemed to be ignited. For burning batteries, the internal thermal oil is replaced by electrolyte (ethyl methyl carbonate), and the other structures are the same as the battery module. The electrolyte is used for combustion tests; the internal fuel tray measures 300×200×200mm. To simulate the state of continuous combustion, the bottom of the combustion tray is connected to the electrolyte storage tank (200L, steel, normal pressure) outside the battery compartment through a steel pipe (DN15), and the combustion is intermittently supplemented in the fuel tray through a piston pump. A U-shaped pipe (such as Figure 5As shown), detect the liquid level in the combustion disk. When the liquid level is lower than 50mm, the pump can be turned on to replenish fuel. A remote electric ignition igniter is set on the combustion disk to ignite the combustion disk.

[0139] A smoke simulation tank (10L, 0.8MPa) is set outside the battery compartment, and simulated smoke is injected into the battery compartment through a DN10 pipeline; an HF gas tank (8L, 1.5MPa) is set outside the battery compartment, and sprays toward the top of the compartment through a DN10 pipeline. After igniting the oil pan, the smoke tank and gas tank spray for 30s respectively, and then the valves are closed, simulating the smoke and toxic gases generated by burning batteries in the battery compartment.

[0140] An infrared imager and two pressure sensors (range 0-0.1MPa, accuracy 0.01MPa) are installed on the top of the battery compartment, and two smoke meters and two gas detectors are installed on the top of the battery compartment to monitor changes in the battery compartment.

[0141] Experiment 1: Simulation experiment of battery compartment combustion scenario

[0142] Experimental conditions: water mist supply flow rate 20L / s, spray pressure 2.0Mpa, smoke concentration: 2g / m 3 , gas concentration: 4%.

[0143] After the combustion disk is ignited, it burns stably for 3 minutes and then starts to spray fine water mist. All 6 battery clusters are located in the battery compartment.

[0144] Experimental results:

[0145] 10 minutes after the extinguishing agent was sprayed, the combustion disk was extinguished and the spraying of fine water mist was stopped immediately; at this time, the thermocouple temperature of the burning battery was 56°C, the thermocouple temperature in the adjacent battery module was 80°C, the pressure in the cabin (gauge pressure) was 0, and the smoke concentration was 0.3g / m 3 , gas concentration: 0.3%. It is proved that the fine water mist has a significant effect on smoke and dust disposal, the mist droplets can absorb smoke and dust particles, have a significant effect on the surrounding cooling, and have a significant effect on gas absorption. The combustion and injection process has no effect on the cabin pressure.

[0146] Experiment 2: Simulation experiment of battery cluster combustion scenario

[0147] Experimental conditions: water mist supply flow rate 20L / s, injection pressure 2.0MPa. Dust concentration: 2g / m 3 , gas concentration: 4%.

[0148] After the combustion disk is ignited, it burns stably for 3 minutes, and then begins to spray fine water mist. Only the No. 4 battery cluster is retained, and the other 5 battery clusters are removed.

[0149] Experimental results:

[0150] After 6 minutes of spraying the extinguishing agent, the combustion disk went out and the spraying was stopped immediately. At this time, the thermocouple temperature of the burning battery was 54°C. The pressure (gauge pressure) in the battery compartment was 0, and the smoke concentration was 0.9g / m 3 , gas concentration: 0.8%. It is proved that the shortened water mist spraying time weakens the smoke and dust treatment effect and gas absorption effect. Without the obstruction of other battery clusters, the cooling efficiency is more obvious and the fire extinguishing time is shortened.

[0151] Experiment 3: Simulation experiment of battery module combustion scenario

[0152] Experimental conditions: water mist supply flow rate 20L / s, injection pressure 2.0MPa. Dust concentration: 2g / m 3 , gas concentration: 4%.

[0153] After the combustion disk is ignited, it burns stably for 3 minutes, and then begins to spray fine water mist. Only the burning battery of battery cluster 4 is retained, and the other battery modules of the battery cluster are removed, and the other 5 battery clusters are also removed.

[0154] Experimental results:

[0155] After 3 minutes of spraying the extinguishing agent, the combustion disk went out and the spraying stopped immediately. At this time, the thermocouple temperature of the burning battery was 44°C. The pressure (gauge pressure) in the battery compartment was 0, and the smoke concentration was 1.2g / m 3 , gas concentration: 2.2%. It is proved that shortening the water mist spraying time weakens the smoke treatment effect and gas absorption effect.

[0156] In summary, the fire extinguishing times obtained from the three groups of experiments vary greatly due to different experimental scene settings. The richer the experimental simulation scenes are, the closer they are to the actual situation of energy storage batteries. The experimental results obtained are more objective and accurate, and have more guiding significance for engineering design.

[0157] Embodiment 5

[0158] In this embodiment, the fire extinguishing performance of perfluorohexanone is experimentally tested based on the energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental method in Embodiment 1.

[0159] The experimental arrangement is the same as that in Example 4, except that the water mist nozzle is replaced with a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent nozzle, the number of nozzles is changed to 6, divided into 2 rows and evenly arranged, one of the nozzles is located at the top of the No. 4 battery cluster, and the other arrangements remain unchanged.

[0160] Experiment 1: Simulation experiment of battery compartment combustion scenario

[0161] Experimental conditions: perfluorohexanone supply flow rate 3L / s, injection pressure 3.0Mpa, smoke concentration: 2g / m 3 , gas concentration: 4%.

[0162] After the combustion disk is ignited, it burns stably for 3 minutes, and then begins to spray the fire extinguishing agent. All 6 battery clusters are located in the battery compartment.

[0163] Experimental results:

[0164] 80s after the extinguishing agent was sprayed, the combustion disk was extinguished and the spraying was stopped immediately. At this time, the thermocouple temperature of the burning battery was 186℃. The thermocouple temperature in the adjacent battery module was 233℃. The pressure (gauge pressure) in the battery compartment was 0.02MPa and the smoke concentration was 3g / m 3 , gas concentration: 4.6%. It is proved that perfluorohexanone extinguishes fire quickly, but has poor cooling effect on the battery. The shell temperature of the battery module is very high, and the fire extinguishing agent has no effect on eliminating smoke. The fire extinguishing process will produce combustible gas, which will increase the gas concentration in the battery compartment.

[0165] Experiment 2: Simulation experiment of battery cluster combustion scenario

[0166] Experimental conditions: perfluorohexanone supply flow rate 3L / s, injection pressure 3.0MPa, smoke concentration: 2g / m 3 , gas concentration: 4%.

[0167] After the combustion disk was ignited, it burned stably for 3 minutes, and then the fire extinguishing agent was sprayed. Only battery cluster No. 4 was retained, and the other 5 battery clusters were removed.

[0168] Experimental results:

[0169] 60 seconds after the extinguishing agent was sprayed, the combustion disk was extinguished and the spraying was stopped immediately. At this time, the thermocouple temperature of the burning battery was 176°C. The thermocouple temperature in the adjacent battery module was 223°C. The pressure (gauge pressure) in the battery compartment was 0.01MPa and the smoke concentration was 2.6g / m 3 , gas concentration: 4.3%. It is proved that perfluorohexanone can extinguish fire quickly on a single battery cluster, but has poor cooling effect on the battery. The shell temperature of the battery module is very high, and the fire extinguishing agent has no effect on eliminating smoke and dust. The fire extinguishing process will produce combustible gas, which will increase the gas concentration in the battery compartment. Without the obstruction of other battery clusters, the fire extinguishing time is shorter.

[0170] Experiment 3: Simulation experiment of battery module combustion scenario

[0171] Experimental conditions: perfluorohexanone supply flow rate 3L / s, injection pressure 3.0MPa, smoke concentration: 2g / m 3 , gas concentration: 4%.

[0172] After the combustion disk is ignited, it burns stably for 3 minutes, and then the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed. Only the burning battery of battery cluster No. 4 is retained. The other battery modules of the battery cluster are removed, and the other 5 battery clusters are also removed.

[0173] Experimental results:

[0174] After 40 seconds of spraying, the combustion disk went out and the spraying stopped immediately. At this time, the thermocouple temperature of the combustion battery was 179°C. The pressure (gauge pressure) in the battery compartment was 0.01MPa and the smoke concentration was 2.3g / m 3 , gas concentration: 4.2%. It is proved that perfluorohexanone can extinguish fire quickly on a single battery cluster, but has poor cooling effect on the battery. The shell temperature of the battery module is very high, and the fire extinguishing agent has no effect on eliminating smoke and dust. The fire extinguishing process will produce combustible gas, which will increase the gas concentration in the battery compartment. Without the obstruction of other battery clusters, the fire extinguishing time is shorter.

[0175] A review of the three experiments shows that the shell temperature of the burning battery and the adjacent battery modules is close to 200°C, which has exceeded the 180°C limit of thermal runaway of the lithium battery electrolyte. After the extinguishing agent stops spraying, the battery will reignite, causing the fire to fail. A real battery compartment fire extinguishing setting parameter needs to be tested under a real battery layout, and the experimental data obtained more truly reflects the actual fire extinguishing capability.

[0176] Embodiment 6

[0177] In this embodiment, the composite fire extinguishing performance of the metal-based compound and the foam liquid is experimentally tested based on the energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental method in Embodiment 1.

[0178] The experimental arrangement is the same as that in Example 4, except that the fine water mist nozzle is replaced with a composite foam fire extinguishing agent nozzle. There are 8 nozzles, which are divided into 2 rows and evenly arranged. One of the nozzles is located at the top of battery cluster No. 4, and the other configurations remain unchanged.

[0179] Experiment 1: Simulation experiment of battery compartment combustion scenario

[0180] Experimental conditions: composite fire extinguishing agent supply flow rate 8L / s, injection pressure 0.9MPa, smoke concentration: 2g / m 3 , gas concentration: 4%.

[0181] After the combustion disk is ignited, it burns stably for 3 minutes, and then begins to spray the fire extinguishing agent. All 6 battery clusters are located in the battery compartment.

[0182] Experimental results:

[0183] After 5 minutes of spraying the extinguishing agent, the combustion disk went out and the spraying stopped immediately. At this time, the thermocouple temperature of the burning battery was 66°C. The thermocouple temperature in the adjacent battery module was 63°C. The pressure (gauge pressure) in the battery compartment was 0MPa and the smoke concentration was 0.1g / m 3, gas concentration: 0.6%. It is proved that the composite fire extinguishing agent extinguishes fire quickly, has a significant cooling effect on the battery, the shell temperature of the battery module is very low, and the fire extinguishing agent has an elimination effect on smoke and combustible gas.

[0184] Experiment 2: Simulation experiment of battery cluster combustion scenario

[0185] Experimental conditions: composite fire extinguishing agent supply flow rate 8L / s, injection pressure 0.9MPa, smoke concentration: 2g / m 3 , gas concentration: 4%.

[0186] After the combustion disk was ignited, it burned stably for 3 minutes, and then the fire extinguishing agent was sprayed. Only battery cluster No. 4 was retained, and the other 5 battery clusters were removed.

[0187] Experimental results:

[0188] After 3 minutes of spraying the extinguishing agent, the combustion disk went out and the spraying stopped immediately. At this time, the thermocouple temperature of the burning battery was 56°C, and the thermocouple temperature in the adjacent battery module was 59°C. The pressure (gauge pressure) in the battery compartment was 0MPa, and the smoke concentration was 0g / m 3 , gas concentration: 0.1%. It is proved that the composite fire extinguishing agent extinguishes fire quickly, has a significant cooling effect on the battery, the shell temperature of the battery module is very low, and the fire extinguishing agent has an elimination effect on smoke and combustible gas.

[0189] Experiment 3: Simulation experiment of battery module combustion scenario

[0190] Experimental conditions: composite fire extinguishing agent supply flow rate 8L / s, injection pressure 0.9MPa, smoke concentration: 2g / m 3 , gas concentration: 4%.

[0191] After the combustion disk is ignited, it burns stably for 3 minutes, and then the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed. Only the burning battery module of battery cluster No. 4 is retained. The other battery modules of the battery cluster are removed, and the other 5 battery clusters are also removed.

[0192] Experimental results:

[0193] After 2 minutes of extinguishing agent spraying, the combustion disk went out and the spraying stopped immediately. At this time, the thermocouple temperature of the burning battery was 56°C. The pressure (gauge pressure) in the battery compartment was 0 MPa and the smoke concentration was 0 g / m 3 , gas concentration: 0.1%. It is proved that the composite fire extinguishing agent extinguishes fire quickly, has a significant cooling effect on the battery, the shell temperature of the battery module is very low, and the fire extinguishing agent has an elimination effect on smoke and combustible gas.

[0194] A review of the three groups of experiments shows that since the temperature of the burning battery and the adjacent battery shells is close to room temperature, which is far below the 180°C limit of thermal runaway of the lithium battery electrolyte, the battery will not reignite after the fire extinguishing agent stops spraying, and the fire extinguishing efficiency is high. A real battery compartment fire extinguishing setting parameter needs to be tested under the real battery layout, and the experimental data obtained more truly reflects the actual fire extinguishing capability. When designing the fire protection system of the battery compartment, in addition to considering the fire extinguishing of the battery, it is also necessary to consider the cooling effect of the battery and the elimination of gas and smoke in the cabin to comprehensively deal with the fire in the cabin.

[0195] Embodiment 7

[0196] In this embodiment, the fire extinguishing performance of heptafluoropropane is experimentally tested based on the energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental method in Embodiment 1.

[0197] The experimental arrangement is the same as that in Example 4, except that the water mist nozzle is replaced by a gas nozzle, and the number of nozzles is 8, which are arranged in 2 rows and evenly. One of the nozzles is located at the top of the No. 4 battery cluster, and the other configurations remain unchanged.

[0198] Experiment 1: Simulation experiment of battery compartment combustion scenario

[0199] Experimental conditions: Heptafluoropropane supply flow rate 2L / s, injection pressure 2.0Mpa, smoke concentration: 2g / m 3 , gas concentration: 4%.

[0200] After the combustion disk is ignited, it burns stably for 3 minutes, and then begins to spray the fire extinguishing agent. All 6 battery clusters are located in the battery compartment.

[0201] Experimental results:

[0202] 90 seconds after the extinguishing agent was sprayed, the combustion disk was extinguished and the spraying stopped immediately. At this time, the thermocouple temperature of the burning battery was 236°C. The thermocouple temperature in the adjacent battery module was 243°C. The pressure (gauge pressure) in the battery compartment was 0.09MPa and the smoke concentration was 3.1g / m 3 , gas concentration: 4.6%. It is proved that HFC-227ea fire extinguishing agent is faster than water-based fire extinguishing agent, but it has no cooling effect. After the open flame is extinguished, the temperature of the battery shell is still very high, which can easily cause the battery to reignite. The fire extinguishing process has no effect on eliminating smoke and combustible gas, and the combustion process will also increase the smoke concentration and combustible gas volume in the cabin.

[0203] Experiment 2: Simulation experiment of battery cluster combustion scenario

[0204] Experimental conditions: Heptafluoropropane supply flow rate 2L / s, injection pressure 2.0MPa, smoke concentration: 2g / m 3 , gas concentration: 4%.

[0205] After the combustion disk was ignited, it burned stably for 3 minutes, and then the fire extinguishing agent was sprayed. Only battery cluster No. 4 was retained, and the other 5 battery clusters were removed.

[0206] Experimental results:

[0207] 70 seconds after the extinguishing agent was sprayed, the combustion disk was extinguished and the spraying was stopped immediately. At this time, the thermocouple temperature of the burning battery was 256°C. The thermocouple temperature in the adjacent battery was 263°C. The pressure (gauge pressure) in the battery compartment was 0.07MPa and the smoke concentration was 3.0g / m 3 , gas concentration: 4.3%. It is proved that HFC-227ea fire extinguishing agent is faster than water-based fire extinguishing agent, but it has no cooling effect. After the open flame is extinguished, the temperature of the battery shell is still very high, which can easily cause the battery to reignite. The fire extinguishing process has no effect on eliminating smoke and combustible gas, and the combustion process will also increase the smoke concentration and combustible gas volume in the cabin. After the burning time is shortened, the increase in gas and smoke is reduced.

[0208] Experiment 3: Simulation experiment of battery module combustion scenario

[0209] Experimental conditions: Heptafluoropropane supply flow rate 2L / s, injection pressure 2.0MPa, smoke concentration: 2g / m 3 , gas concentration: 4%.

[0210] After the combustion disk is ignited, it burns stably for 3 minutes, and then the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed. Only the burning battery module of battery cluster No. 4 is retained. The other battery modules of the battery cluster are removed, and the other 5 battery clusters are also removed.

[0211] Experimental results:

[0212] 50 seconds after the extinguishing agent was sprayed, the combustion disk was extinguished and the spraying was stopped immediately. At this time, the thermocouple temperature of the burning battery was 266°C. The thermocouple temperature in the adjacent battery module was 273°C. The pressure (gauge pressure) in the battery compartment was 0.06MPa and the smoke concentration was 3.1g / m 3 , gas concentration: 4.1%. It is proved that HFC-227ea can extinguish fire faster than water-based fire extinguishing agents, but it has no cooling effect. After the open flame is extinguished, the temperature of the battery shell is still very high, which can easily cause the battery to reignite.

[0213] A review of the three groups of experiments shows that since the shell temperature of the burning battery and the adjacent battery module is much higher than the 180°C limit of thermal runaway of the lithium battery electrolyte, the battery will not reignite after the fire extinguishing agent stops spraying, and the fire extinguishing efficiency is high. A real battery compartment fire extinguishing setting parameter needs to be tested under the real battery layout, and the experimental data obtained more truly reflects the actual fire extinguishing capability. When designing the fire protection system of the battery compartment, in addition to considering the fire extinguishing of the battery, it is also necessary to consider the cooling effect of the battery and the elimination of gas and smoke in the cabin to comprehensively deal with the fire in the cabin.

[0214] Embodiment 8

[0215] In this embodiment, the water sprinkler fire extinguishing performance is experimentally tested based on the energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental method in Embodiment 1.

[0216] The experimental arrangement is the same as that in Example 4, except that the fine water mist nozzle is replaced with a water spray nozzle, and the number of nozzles is 12, divided into 2 rows and evenly arranged. One of the nozzles is located at the top of the No. 4 battery cluster, and the other configurations remain unchanged.

[0217] Experiment 1: Simulation experiment of battery compartment combustion scenario

[0218] Experimental conditions: water supply flow rate 12L / s, injection pressure 0.3Mpa, smoke concentration: 2g / m 3 , gas concentration: 4%.

[0219] After the combustion disk is ignited, it burns stably for 3 minutes, and then begins to spray the fire extinguishing agent. All 6 battery clusters are located in the battery compartment.

[0220] Experimental results:

[0221] After 25 minutes of extinguishing agent spraying, the combustion disk was extinguished and spraying stopped immediately. At this time, the thermocouple temperature of the burning battery was 46°C. The thermocouple temperature in the adjacent battery module was 43°C. The pressure (gauge pressure) in the battery compartment was 0MPa, and the smoke concentration was 0.9g / m 3 , gas concentration: 0.4%. It proves that fire water has outstanding cooling effect and obvious absorption effect on smoke and gas, but it is slow to extinguish fire and consumes a lot.

[0222] Experiment 2: Simulation experiment of battery cluster combustion scenario

[0223] Experimental conditions: water supply flow rate 12L / s, injection pressure 0.3Mpa, smoke concentration: 2g / m 3 , gas concentration: 4%.

[0224] After the combustion disk was ignited, it burned stably for 3 minutes, and then the fire extinguishing agent was sprayed. Only battery cluster No. 4 was retained, and the other 5 battery clusters were removed.

[0225] Experimental results:

[0226] After 18 minutes of extinguishing agent spraying, the combustion disk was extinguished and spraying stopped immediately. At this time, the thermocouple temperature of the burning battery was 46°C. The thermocouple temperature in the adjacent battery module was 43°C. The pressure (gauge pressure) in the battery compartment was 0MPa, and the smoke concentration was 1.2g / m 3 , gas concentration: 0.8%.

[0227] Experiment 3: Simulation experiment of battery module combustion scenario

[0228] Experimental conditions: water supply flow rate 12L / s, injection pressure 0.3Mpa, smoke concentration: 2g / m 3 , gas concentration: 4%.

[0229] After the combustion disk is ignited, it burns stably for 3 minutes, and then the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed. Only the burning battery module of battery cluster No. 4 is retained. The other battery modules of the battery cluster are removed, and the other 5 battery clusters are also removed.

[0230] Experimental results:

[0231] After 15 minutes of extinguishing agent spraying, the combustion disk went out and spraying stopped immediately. At this time, the thermocouple temperature of the burning battery was 46°C. The pressure (gauge pressure) in the battery compartment was 0MPa and the smoke concentration was 1.4g / m 3 , gas concentration: 0.9%.

[0232] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented in one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that contain computer-usable program code.

[0233] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0234] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0235] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process in the computer or other programmable device. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0236] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0237] The memory may include non-permanent memory in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0238] Computer readable media include permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can be implemented by any method or technology to store information. Information can be computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer readable media does not include temporary computer readable media (transitory media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0239] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device including the elements.

[0240] The above are only embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A fire extinguishing test method for energy storage batteries, characterized in that: The method comprises: Match the combustion simulation test items according to the preset simulated combustion scenario of the energy storage battery; Generate simulation test instructions according to the matched combustion simulation test items; Sending simulation test instructions to the simulation execution unit; In the process of the simulation execution unit executing the simulation test instruction to simulate the combustion of the energy storage battery, the fire extinguishing data of the energy storage battery is obtained; The fire extinguishing data is analyzed and processed to obtain the fire extinguishing experiment results.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The simulation execution unit includes: a combustion execution device, a smoke execution device and a fire extinguishing execution device; the simulation test instructions include: a combustion simulation instruction, a smoke simulation instruction and a fire extinguishing simulation instruction; Sending simulation test instructions to the simulation execution unit includes: sending a combustion simulation instruction to a combustion execution device, and sending a smoke simulation instruction to a smoke execution device; In the process where the combustion execution device executes the combustion simulation instruction to simulate the combustion of the energy storage battery and the smoke execution device executes the smoke simulation instruction to simulate the introduction of smoke into the energy storage battery, the combustion state of the energy storage battery collected by the combustion collection device is obtained; When it is determined that the combustion state of the energy storage battery reaches a preset state, a fire extinguishing simulation instruction is sent to the fire extinguishing execution device, and the fire extinguishing execution device executes the fire extinguishing simulation instruction to spray a fire extinguishing agent to the energy storage battery in the preset state for a fire extinguishing test.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The simulated combustion scenarios of the energy storage battery include: battery compartment combustion scenario, battery cluster combustion scenario and battery module combustion scenario.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing agent is any one of a fine water mist fire extinguishing agent, a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent, a composite fire extinguishing agent of a metal-based compound and a foam liquid, a heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing agent and a water spray fire extinguishing agent.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The fire extinguishing data includes: at least one of fire extinguishing time, battery temperature, smoke concentration, battery pressure, harmful gas concentration and gas flow rate.

6. An energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental device, used to implement the energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The device comprises: Main control module, used for: Match the combustion simulation test items according to the preset simulated combustion scenario of the energy storage battery; Generate simulation test instructions according to the matched combustion simulation test items; Sending simulation test instructions to the simulation execution unit; In the process of the simulation execution unit executing the simulation test instruction to simulate the combustion of the energy storage battery, the fire extinguishing data of the energy storage battery is obtained; The fire extinguishing data is analyzed and processed to obtain the fire extinguishing experiment results.

7. An energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental system, characterized in that: The system comprises: the energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental device according to claim 6; A simulation execution unit, used to receive the simulation test instruction issued by the energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental device, and execute the simulation test instruction to perform combustion extinguishing simulation on the energy storage battery; The acquisition unit is used to collect the fire extinguishing data of the energy storage battery during the combustion simulation process, and upload the collected fire extinguishing data to the energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental device.

8. The energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The simulation test instructions include: combustion simulation instructions, smoke simulation instructions and fire extinguishing simulation instructions.

9. The energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The simulation execution unit comprises: A combustion execution device, used for executing a combustion simulation instruction to simulate the combustion of an energy storage battery; A smoke execution device, used to execute a smoke simulation instruction to simulate the introduction of smoke into the energy storage battery; A combustion collection device, used to collect the combustion state of the energy storage battery during the process in which the combustion execution device executes the combustion simulation instruction to simulate the combustion of the energy storage battery and the smoke execution device executes the smoke simulation instruction to simulate the introduction of smoke into the energy storage battery, and upload the collected combustion state of the energy storage battery to the energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental device; The fire extinguishing execution device is used to execute the fire extinguishing simulation instruction and spray the fire extinguishing agent to the energy storage battery in the preset state to perform the fire extinguishing test.

10. The energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The acquisition unit includes at least one of a monitor, a temperature sensor, a smoke detector, a gas detector, a thermal radiation meter and a pressure sensor.

11. The energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The energy storage battery includes a battery compartment and a plurality of battery clusters. All battery clusters are installed in the battery compartment. Each battery cluster is composed of a plurality of battery modules. A battery cluster has at least one combustion battery. The combustion battery is ignited by a combustion execution device to simulate the combustion of the energy storage battery.

12. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental method described in any one of claims 1-5 is implemented.

13. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the program is executed by a processor, the energy storage battery fire extinguishing test experimental method described in any one of claims 1 to 5 is implemented.

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