Single-shaft shredder

Abstract

The application discloses a single-shaft shredder and relates to the technical field of garbage recycling equipment.The single-shaft shredder comprises a shredder shell, a shredding structure, a fixed comb plate, a movable comb plate, a movable comb plate cylinder, a foreign matter guide plate and an electric drive structure.The input end of the shredding structure is in transmission connection with the output end of the electric drive structure.The end face of the fixed comb plate is arranged to be inclined to the direction of the shredding structure.The movable comb plate is rotationally connected in the shredding cavity.The movable comb plate cylinder is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft of the movable comb plate.The foreign matter guide plate is in linkage with the movable comb plate through the setting of a connecting rod assembly.According to the single-shaft shredder, the shredding structure is single-shaft driven through the electric drive structure, the equipment construction cost is effectively reduced, and the use demand of small-scale production is met.The movable comb plate is driven by the movable comb plate cylinder.When foreign matters exist between the movable comb plate and the shredding structure and cause jamming, the output force of the shredding structure is greater than the output force of the movable comb plate cylinder, so that the movable comb plate is turned downward, and the foreign matter guide plate is synchronously turned over under the linkage action of the connecting rod assembly, so that the foreign matters fall into the corresponding area.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of waste recycling equipment, and in particular relates to a single-shaft shredder. BACKGROUND

[0002] The working principle of the shredder is that the blades are rotated by a motor, and the materials are extruded, sheared and ground by the interaction between the double-shaft knife rollers or the interaction between the fixed knives and the moving knives of the single-shaft, so as to shred the materials into finer pieces for subsequent processes.

[0003] The existing shredder is usually a large high-power equipment. In order to cope with more complex working environment, the number of reduction mechanisms inside the equipment is more, which increases the construction cost of the equipment, and the maintenance cost is high. It is suitable for large-scale production operation, and the performance demand of small-scale production environment is excessive, and the equipment procurement cost is high. And the equipment usually adopts a hydraulic transmission system for driving, and regular maintenance needs to replace hydraulic oil, which is easy to cause oil pollution and serious environmental pollution, which is not conducive to environmental protection. The existing shredder usually uses high power to shred various materials, but the small shredder is easy to cause the blades to be stuck due to insufficient power and foreign matters in the shredded materials, and the equipment is easy to be damaged. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present application provides a single-shaft shredder, which adopts a single-shaft structure, reduces the manufacturing cost, cancels the hydraulic transmission system, is more friendly to the environment, meets the use of small-scale production environment, and has a high-efficiency foreign matter discharging function, can timely discharge foreign matters, avoids equipment damage, has better equipment stability, and improves the service life of the equipment.

[0005] The single-shaft shredder according to some embodiments of the present application comprises:

[0006] A shredder shell is provided with a through-shredding cavity inside, and a hopper is detachably arranged on the top of the shredder shell;

[0007] A shredding structure is rotationally connected in the shredding cavity, and the input end of the shredding structure is in transmission connection with the output end of an electric drive structure;

[0008] A fixed comb plate is fixedly arranged in the shredding cavity and located on one side of the shredding structure, and the end face of the fixed comb plate is arranged to be inclined to the direction of the shredding structure;

[0009] An active comb plate is rotationally connected in the shredding cavity and located on the other side of the shredding structure, and the fixed comb plate and the active comb plate are arranged opposite to each other;

[0010] An active comb plate cylinder is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft of the active comb plate and is used to drive the active comb plate to overturn;

[0011] A foreign matter discharging guide plate is rotatably connected in the shredding chamber, and is connected with the movable comb plate through a connecting rod assembly. When the movable comb plate is flipped, the connecting rod assembly drives the foreign matter discharging guide plate to flip, so as to discharge the foreign matter in the shredding chamber.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, the shredding structure comprises a main shaft, a spacer sleeve and a blade, the main shaft is rotatably connected with the side wall of the shredder shell through a bearing, and the spacer sleeve and the blade are arranged along the main shaft.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, the periphery of the blade is provided with a shredding claw, and the shredding claw is inclined to the movable comb plate.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, the electric drive structure comprises an output motor and a speed reducer, the output shaft of the output motor is connected with the input end of the speed reducer, the output end of the speed reducer is connected with the main shaft, and the output motor drives the main shaft to rotate to the movable comb plate.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present application, the movable comb plate is provided with a connecting plate and a comb plate, the thickness of the comb plate is smaller than that of the connecting plate, and the material in the shredding chamber is gathered at the comb plate.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present application, the connecting plate is rotatably connected with the side wall of the shredder shell through a movable shaft, one end of the movable shaft extends to the movable comb plate cylinder and is provided with a flipping gear, the output end of the movable comb plate cylinder is provided with a flipping rack, and the flipping rack is in meshing transmission with the flipping gear.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present application, a guide roller shaft is arranged above the flipping rack, the guide roller shaft abuts above the flipping rack, and the flipping gear is in meshing connection with the teeth below the flipping rack.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present application, the end face of the foreign matter discharging guide plate is initially perpendicular to the end face of the movable comb plate, and the foreign matter discharging guide plate is located below the comb plate and the shredding area of the shredding structure.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present application, the connecting plate and the comb plate are connected with an extension plate, one end of the connecting rod assembly is hinged with the extension plate, and the other end of the connecting rod assembly is hinged with the foreign matter discharging guide plate.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present application, a pushing structure is arranged above the movable comb plate, and the pushing structure comprises a pushing cylinder and a pushing plate. The output end of the pushing cylinder is connected with the pushing plate and drives the pushing plate to reciprocate and approach the tearing structure.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present application, the single-shaft tearing machine has at least the following advantages: the tearing structure is driven by the electric driving structure through single-shaft driving, which effectively reduces the equipment construction cost and meets the use requirements of small-scale production. When there is a foreign matter between the movable comb plate and the tearing structure, the output force of the tearing structure is greater than the output force of the movable comb plate cylinder, so that the movable comb plate is turned down, and the foreign matter guide plate is synchronously turned down under the linkage action of the connecting rod assembly, so that the foreign matter falls into the corresponding area.

[0022] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be in part apparent and in part pointed out hereinafter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and be readily appreciated from the following description, including the appended drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of the single-shaft tearing machine according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a top view of the single-shaft tearing machine according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a partial sectional view of the single-shaft tearing machine according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a partial view of the movable comb plate of the single-shaft tearing machine according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] REFERENCE NUMERALS:

[0029] tearing machine shell 100, tearing cavity 110,

[0030] tearing structure 200, main shaft 210, spacer sleeve 220, blade 230,

[0031] electric driving structure 300, output motor 310, speed reducer 320,

[0032] fixed comb plate 400, connecting plate 510, comb tooth plate 520, extension plate 530, movable shaft 540, turning gear 550,

[0033] Movable comb plate cylinder 600, turnover rack 610, guide roller 620,

[0034] Foreign matter guide plate 710, connecting rod assembly 720,

[0035] Pushing structure 800, pushing cylinder 810, pushing plate 820. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar notations represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, only for explaining the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0037] In the description of the present application, it is understood that the orientation description, such as the orientation or position relationship indicated by up, down, front, back, left, right, top, bottom, etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0038] In the description of the present application, the meaning of several is one or more, the meaning of multiple is more than two, greater than, less than, more than, etc. are understood as not including the number, above, below, etc. are understood as including the number. If it is described as first, second, it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or the sequence of indicated technical features.

[0039] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly limited, the words such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be broadly understood, and the person skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above words in the present application in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0040] The following refers to Figures 1-4 A single-shaft shredder according to an embodiment of the present application is described.

[0041] As Figures 1-4 shown, the single-shaft shredder includes a shredder housing 100, inside which a through shredding cavity 110 is arranged, and a hopper (not shown in the drawings) is detachably arranged on the top of the shredder housing 100. The top of the shredding cavity 110 is hollow, and the hopper is detachably installed above the shredding cavity 110, which facilitates workers to put materials into the shredding cavity 110. The single-shaft shredder of the present embodiment can match manual or mechanical feeding, and the actual use mode is selected according to the demand.

[0042] The shredding cavity 110 is also provided with a shredding structure 200, a fixed comb plate 400, a movable comb plate and a foreign matter discharging guide plate 710. The shredding structure 200 is rotationally connected in the shredding cavity 110, and the output end of the shredding structure 200 extends through the shredding shell 100 to be in transmission connection with the output end of an electric driving structure 300. The shredding structure 200 is driven by the electric driving structure 300. Compared with the existing hydraulic transmission, the output power of the device is reduced, but the use demand under small-scale production can be met. After the electric driving structure 300 is adopted, the discharge of hydraulic oil can be reduced during the regular maintenance of the device, the oil pollution to the environment is avoided, and the device is more friendly to the environment.

[0043] The fixed comb plate 400 is fixedly arranged in the shredding cavity 110 and located at one side of the shredding structure 200. The end surface of the fixed comb plate 400 is arranged to be inclined to the direction of the shredding structure 200. The surface of the fixed comb plate 400 is arranged to be inclined, so that the material falling on the surface of the fixed comb plate 400 is gathered to the shredding structure 200 under the action of gravity.

[0044] The movable comb plate is rotationally connected in the shredding cavity 110 and located at the other side of the shredding structure 200. The fixed comb plate 400 and the movable comb plate are arranged opposite to each other. Specifically, the two sides of the shredding structure 200 are respectively the fixed comb plate 400 and the movable comb plate. The shredding structure 200, the fixed comb plate 400 and the movable comb plate cover the plane of the shredding cavity 110, so that the material is continuously shredded above the shredding structure 200 and enters the area below the shredding cavity 110.

[0045] The foreign matter discharging guide plate 710 is rotationally connected in the shredding cavity 110. The foreign matter discharging guide plate 710 and the movable comb plate are linked through the setting of a connecting rod assembly 720. When the movable comb plate is flipped, the connecting rod assembly 720 drives the foreign matter discharging guide plate 710 to flip, so as to discharge the foreign matter in the shredding cavity 110.

[0046] The movable comb plate cylinder 600 is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft of the movable comb plate and is used for driving the movable comb plate to flip. The movable comb plate cylinder 600 is in a pressure maintaining state in the working state. If the foreign matter is mixed into the metal waste, generally, the foreign matter is a solid and hard metal block such as a metal end, and a very large shredding force is required. The torque of the material extruded by the shredding structure 200 on the movable comb plate is greater than the torque provided by the movable comb plate cylinder 600. The movable comb plate rotates around the shaft and drives the foreign matter discharging guide plate 710 to rotate through the connecting rod assembly 720. At this time, a gap is generated between the movable comb plate and the shredding structure 200. The foreign matter falls from the gap and slides along the surface of the foreign matter discharging guide plate 710 and falls into a special receiving container, which is separated from the shredded metal scraps. After that, the movable comb plate cylinder 600 pushes the movable comb plate to reset, and the shredding action continues.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present application, as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the shredding structure 200 includes a main shaft 210, a spacer sleeve 220 sleeved with the main shaft 210, and a blade group 230, the main shaft 210 is rotationally connected with the side wall of the shredder housing 100 through a bearing, and the spacer sleeve 220 and the blade group 230 are arranged along the direction of the main shaft 210.

[0048] Specifically, the periphery of the blade group 230 is provided with two specifications of large blades and small blades, wherein the blade group 230 with a larger diameter is located at the position of the side wall of the shredding cavity 110, and the blade group 230 with a smaller diameter is sleeved with the spacer sleeve 220 along the axial direction of the main shaft 210. The comb tooth gap of the fixed comb plate 400 and the movable comb plate corresponds to the gap of the blade group 230, when the material is hooked by the blade group 230 and pushed to the comb tooth gap of the comb plate, the material is shredded under the shearing force of the comb plate and the blade group 230.

[0049] Further, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3 , the periphery of the blade group 230 is provided with a large blade group, and the large blade group is inclined to the direction of the movable comb plate. When the main shaft 210 rotates, the large blade group at the periphery of the blade group 230 pushes the material to the direction of the movable comb plate, so that the material is extruded and sheared by the large blade group and the comb plate.

[0050] Further, as shown in Figures 1-3 , the electric drive structure 300 includes an output motor 310 and a reduction box 320, the output shaft of the output motor 310 is connected with the input end of the reduction box 320, the output end of the reduction box 320 is connected with the main shaft 210, and the output motor 310 drives the main shaft 210 to rotate to the direction of the movable comb plate. Specifically, the output of the output motor 310 is increased by the speed reduction and torque increasing effect of the reduction box 320, so as to increase the output torque of the shredding structure 200, which can meet the shredding force demand of small-scale production. The structure of the output motor 310 and the reduction box 320 is a technical solution known to those skilled in the art, which will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figures 1-4 , the movable comb plate is provided with a connecting plate 510 and a comb tooth plate 520, the thickness of the comb tooth plate 520 is less than the thickness of the connecting plate 510, and the material in the shredding cavity 110 is gathered at the comb tooth plate 520. Specifically, the connecting plate 510 and the comb tooth plate 520 are integrally formed, and when the movable comb plate is flipped, the material of the connecting plate 510 approaches the comb tooth plate 520.

[0052] Further, as shown in Figures 1-4As shown, the connecting plate 510 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the shredder housing 100 through a movable shaft 540, one end of the movable shaft 540 extends to the movable comb plate cylinder 600 and is provided with a turnover gear 550, the output end of the movable comb plate cylinder 600 is provided with a turnover rack 610, and the turnover rack 610 is in meshing transmission with the turnover gear 550.

[0053] Specifically, the movable shaft 540 penetrates through the two side walls of the shredder housing 100 and is rotatably connected to the side wall openings through bearings, one end of the movable shaft 540 continues to extend to the movable comb plate cylinder 600 after penetrating through the side wall of the shredder housing 100, and the movable comb plate cylinder 600 drives the turnover gear 550 by stretching and contracting the turnover rack 610. In the working state, the position of the turnover rack 610 is fixed, and when the movable comb plate is subjected to a pressing force, the movable comb plate cylinder 600 keeps the position of the turnover rack 610. When the torque generated on the movable comb plate is greater than the torque provided by the movable comb plate cylinder 600 and the gear and rack, the movable comb plate rotates around the movable shaft 540 and drives the foreign matter guide plate 710 to rotate through the connecting rod assembly 720. Then the movable comb plate cylinder 600 drives the turnover rack 610 to reset the movable comb plate, and the foreign matter removal work is completed.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 , a guide roller shaft 620 is arranged above the turnover rack 610, the guide roller shaft 620 abuts against the upper side of the turnover rack 610, and the turnover gear 550 is in meshing connection with the teeth below the turnover rack 610. Specifically, arranging the guide roller shaft 620 above the turnover rack 610 can offset the vertical force of the turnover rack 610, avoiding the influence of the installation position deviation of the turnover rack 610 on the turnover and reset of the movable comb plate.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the end face of the foreign matter guide plate 710 is initially perpendicular to the end face of the movable comb plate, and the foreign matter guide plate 710 is located below the comb tooth plate 520 and the shredding area of the shredding structure 200. Specifically, the foreign matter guide plate 710 is in a falling state under the action of gravity, and when the movable comb plate is turned over, the connecting rod assembly 720 drives the foreign matter guide plate 710 to turn over upward, at this time the dropping area of the shredding cavity 110 is blocked by the foreign matter guide plate 710, and the inclined end of the foreign matter guide plate 710 points to the foreign matter recovery cavity or the foreign matter recovery box, and the foreign matter falls into the foreign matter guide plate 710 and slides into the foreign matter recovery container under the action of gravity.

[0056] Further, the joint between the connecting plate 510 and the comb plate 520 extends downwardly to a prolonging plate 530, one end of a connecting rod assembly 720 is hinged to the prolonging plate 530, and the other end of the connecting rod assembly 720 is hinged to the foreign matter guide plate 710. Specifically, in order to enable the foreign matter guide plate 710 to be driven by the connecting rod assembly 720 during the rotation of the movable comb plate, the hinge point between the connecting rod assembly 720 and the movable comb plate needs to be eccentrically arranged with respect to the movable shaft 540. The movable comb plate is arranged to have the connecting rod assembly 720 staggered with respect to the axis of the movable shaft 540 by means of the prolonging plate 530, so that when the movable comb plate rotates around the movable shaft 540, the connecting rod assembly 720 rotates around the hinge point of the prolonging plate 530 to drive the foreign matter guide plate 710 to overturn.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figures 1-3 The pushing structure 800 is arranged above the movable comb plate, and the pushing structure 800 comprises a pushing cylinder 810 and a pushing plate 820. The output end of the pushing cylinder 810 is connected to the pushing plate 820 and drives the pushing plate 820 to reciprocate towards the shredding structure 200.

[0058] Specifically, because the filamentous or clumpy metal waste is in a fluffy state, the blade 230 cannot be hooked, resulting in the idle rotation of the shredding structure 200. In order to prevent this situation, a pushing cylinder 810 and a pushing plate 820 are arranged above the movable comb plate, and the pushing plate 820 is driven by the pushing cylinder 810 to reciprocate, so as to push the metal waste to the blade 230, thereby improving the shredding efficiency of the material.

[0059] In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiment", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the exemplary description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0060] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A single shaft shredder characterized by, The utility model provides a shredder shell (100) is provided with the through tearing cavity (110) inside, the top of shredder shell (100) is detachably provided with hopper, the input end of tearing structure (200) is transmissionally connected with the output end of electric drive structure (300) in tearing cavity (110) is rotatedly connected, the fixed comb plate (400) is fixedly arranged in tearing cavity (110) and is located in one side of tearing structure (200), and the end surface of fixed comb plate (400) is obliquely arranged to tearing structure (200) direction, the movable comb plate is rotatedly connected in tearing cavity (110) and is located in the other side of tearing structure (200), and fixed comb plate (400) and movable comb plate are oppositely arranged, movable comb plate cylinder (600) is transmissionally connected with the pivot of movable comb plate and is used to drive movable comb plate overturning, the foreign matter guide plate (710) is rotatedly connected in tearing cavity (110), and the foreign matter guide plate (710) is linked through the setting connecting rod assembly (720) between movable comb plate, when movable comb plate overturning, connecting rod assembly (720) drives foreign matter guide plate (710) overturning, is used for discharging the foreign matter in tearing cavity (110), when movable comb plate and tearing structure (200) exist foreign matter and lead to jam, the output force of tearing structure (200) is greater than the output force of movable comb plate cylinder (600) to make movable comb plate turn down, when movable comb plate overturning, connecting rod assembly (720) drives foreign matter guide plate (710) and turns up, the material area of tearing cavity (110) is shielded by foreign matter guide plate (710) at this time, and the oblique end of foreign matter guide plate (710) points to foreign matter recovery cavity or foreign matter recovery tank. The tearing structure (200) includes a main shaft (210), a spacer sleeve (220) sleeved with the main shaft (210), and a blade (230). The main shaft (210) is rotationally connected with the sidewall of the shredder shell (100) through a bearing. The spacer sleeve (220) and the blade (230) are arranged at intervals along the direction of the main shaft (210). The blade (230) is provided with a tearing claw around the periphery. The tearing claw is inclined towards the movable comb plate. The electric drive structure (300) includes an output motor (310) and a speed reducer (320). The output shaft of the output motor (310) is connected with the input end of the speed reducer (320). The output end of the speed reducer (320) is connected with the main shaft (210). The output motor (310) drives the main shaft (210) to rotate towards the movable comb plate. The movable comb plate is provided with a connecting plate (510) and a comb tooth plate (520). The thickness of the comb tooth plate (520) is less than the thickness of the connecting plate (510). The material in the tearing cavity (110) is gathered at the comb tooth plate (520). ​ ​ 2. The single shaft shredder of claim 1, wherein, ​ 3. The single shaft shredder of claim 2, wherein, ​ 4. The single shaft shredder of claim 3, wherein, ​ 5. The single shaft shredder of claim 1, wherein, ​ 6. The single shaft shredder of claim 5, wherein, The connecting plate (510) is rotatably connected with the side wall of the shredder shell (100) through a movable shaft (540), one end of the movable shaft (540) extends to the movable comb plate cylinder (600) and is provided with a turnover gear (550), the output end of the movable comb plate cylinder (600) is provided with a turnover rack (610), and the turnover rack (610) is in meshing transmission with the turnover gear (550).

7. The single shaft shredder of claim 6, wherein, A guide roller shaft (620) is arranged above the turnover rack (610), the guide roller shaft (620) abuts against the upper side of the turnover rack (610), and the turnover gear (550) is in meshing connection with the teeth below the turnover rack (610).

8. The single shaft shredder of claim 5, wherein, The end face of the foreign matter guide plate (710) is initially perpendicular to the end face of the movable comb plate, and the foreign matter guide plate (710) is located below the comb tooth plate (520) and the shredding area of the shredding structure (200).

9. The single shaft shredder of claim 8, wherein, An extension plate (530) is downwardly extended at the joint of the connecting plate (510) and the comb tooth plate (520), one end of the connecting rod assembly (720) is hingedly connected with the extension plate (530), and the other end of the connecting rod assembly (720) is hingedly connected with the foreign matter guide plate (710).

10. The uniaxial shredder according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The pushing structure (800) is further arranged above the movable comb plate, the pushing structure (800) comprises a pushing cylinder (810) and a pushing plate (820), the output end of the pushing cylinder (810) is connected with the pushing plate (820) and drives the pushing plate (820) to reciprocate and approach the shredding structure (200).

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