Part precision improving method based on measurement of inertia friction welding web plate deformation

Abstract

The invention relates to a part precision improving method based on measurement of inertia friction welding web deformation, and belongs to the technical field of welding, the part precision improving method specifically comprises the following steps: optimizing clamping force: analyzing post-welding part web deformation data, adjusting the clamping force according to the post-welding web deformation, and carrying out an iterative test; through strain data, the influence of the clamping force on the precision of the part is quantitatively analyzed, and the optimal clamping force is found. Optimizing welding process parameters: adjusting pressure or energy according to the deformation of the welded web, and carrying out an iterative test; through strain data, the influence of the change of the process parameters on the precision of the part is quantitatively analyzed, and the optimal process parameters are found. And obtaining optimized parameters, including clamping force, pressure and energy. By measuring the deformation of the part before welding and in the welding process and optimizing the clamping force and process parameters, the method plays an important role in improving the post-welding precision of the inertia friction welding part, and has wide application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of welding technology, and in particular relates to a method for improving part accuracy based on measuring the deformation of an inertia friction welding web, and in particular relates to the inertia friction welding part accuracy of compressor parts in the field of aero-engine manufacturing. Background Art

[0002] Inertia friction welding technology is a key manufacturing technology for aircraft engine compressor components. Due to its excellent welding process performance, it effectively reduces manufacturing costs and reduces engine weight, and has been widely used in the field of aircraft engines.

[0003] The process of inertia friction welding consists of Figure 1 As shown in the figure, part 01 is the rotating end, part 02 is the moving end, and the rotating end of the workpiece is clamped in the flywheel. The complete process of inertia friction welding includes the following steps:

[0004] (1) The motor drives the flywheel to rotate and accelerates it to a certain speed so that the flywheel can carry enough energy.

[0005] (2) The flywheel is disengaged from the motor, and the moving end of the workpiece moves forward. Under the action of pressure, friction heating begins after it contacts the rotating end, while cleaning the welding surface.

[0006] (3) The contact surface of the workpiece is heated to a plastic state, and upsetting welding is performed under pressure, while the flywheel energy is consumed and the workpiece rotation speed is attenuated.

[0007] (4) When the workpiece speed drops to zero, welding is completed.

[0008] However, the precision of parts produced by the above method is low. At present, in the process of inertia friction welding, the precision of parts is improved by optimizing the clamping force and process parameters by measuring the precision of parts after welding. However, this method can only adjust the clamping force and process parameters qualitatively, with a large number of tests and a high dependence on the experience of process personnel. The precision of parts generally reaches the maximum value required by the design, and the optimal value that can be achieved in the process of part welding has not been further explored. Summary of the invention

[0009] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for improving part accuracy based on measuring the deformation of the inertia friction welding web. By adjusting the process parameters in the linear friction welding process and measuring the deformation of the part before and during welding, the clamping force and process parameters are optimized to improve the post-welding accuracy of the inertia friction welding part.

[0010] A method for improving part accuracy based on measuring the deformation of an inertia friction welding web comprises the following steps:

[0011] Step 1: Optimize the clamping force:

[0012] Step 2: Optimize welding process parameters:

[0013] Step 3: Get the optimized parameters.

[0014] The step 1 specifically includes:

[0015] Step 1.1: Select parts A and B of the same type as those to be welded as test pieces, clean the end faces of parts A and B, and ensure that the surface of the parts is clean;

[0016] Step 1.2: Attach the strain gauge to the web of part A or part B, and evenly distribute the strain gauge along the circumference of part A and part B; connect the wireless strain collector to the strain gauge, and connect the wireless strain collector to the computer;

[0017] Step 1.3: Install the parts, continuously adjust the clamping force, monitor the strain gauge data, and determine the clamping force when the deformation just reaches 0.1mm as the initial clamping force;

[0018] Step 1.4: According to the conventional processing technology of the part, use conventional pressure and energy to perform inertia friction welding, and record the strain data during the welding process;

[0019] Step 1.5: Observe whether the parts slip after welding;

[0020] If the parts slip, the clamping force needs to be increased and inertia friction welding needs to be performed again until there is no slip after welding;

[0021] If the parts do not slide, proceed to step 1.6;

[0022] Step 1.6: Loosen the parts and analyze the strain change curve of the parts during welding:

[0023] If the final deformation data of the web of the welded parts are all greater than 0.2 mm, proceed to step 1.7;

[0024] If the final deformation data of the web of the welded part is less than 0.2mm but greater than 0.1mm, then implement step 1.9, and the above initial clamping force is the final clamping force;

[0025] If the deformation data of the web of the final welded part directly meets the requirement of less than 0.1 mm, the above initial clamping force is the final clamping force, and the process parameters do not need to be changed, and the method ends;

[0026] Step 1.7: Increase the clamping force according to the deformation of the web after welding, install the parts and repeat steps 1.4 to 1.5, and monitor the strain data;

[0027] Step 1.8: Repeat step 1.6 to analyze the strain change curve of the parts during welding;

[0028] Step 1.9: According to the deformation of the web after welding, determine the clamping force in step 1.7 that makes the deformation less than 0.2mm but greater than 0.1mm as the final clamping force.

[0029] The step 2 specifically includes:

[0030] Step 2.1: Select parts A and B of the same type as those to be welded as test pieces, clean the end faces of parts A and B, and ensure that the surface of the parts is clean;

[0031] Step 2.2: Attach the strain gauge to the web of part A or part B, and evenly distribute the strain gauge around part A and part B; connect the wireless strain collector to the strain gauge, and connect the wireless strain collector to the computer;

[0032] Step 2.3: Install the parts with the clamping force determined in step 1.9;

[0033] Step 2.4: Since the deformation in the above steps does not reach the condition of less than 0.1 mm, the pressure and / or energy in the process parameters are increased according to the deformation of the web after welding, inertia friction welding is performed, and the strain data during the welding process is recorded;

[0034] Step 2.5: Analyze the strain change curve of the parts during welding:

[0035] If the final part web deformation data is not all less than 0.1 mm, repeat step 2.4;

[0036] The final part web deformation data are all less than 0.1mm, and the process parameter optimization is completed.

[0037] The optimized parameters obtained in step 3 include clamping force, pressure and energy.

[0038] The number of the strain gauges is no less than 4.

[0039] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: inertia friction welding technology is a key manufacturing technology for aircraft engine compressor components. The method provided by the present invention plays an important role in improving the post-welding accuracy of inertia friction welding parts by measuring the deformation of parts before and during welding, optimizing clamping force and process parameters, and has broad application prospects.

[0040] Compared with the existing inertia friction welding process, this method quantitatively observes the influence of process parameters and clamping force on part precision during welding. In the process of adjusting process parameters, the process parameters are adjusted according to part deformation, the number of tests is reduced, the part precision is improved, the welding quality of disc parts is improved, the product qualification rate and production efficiency of parts are improved, and the needs of product development and production are met. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the inertia friction welding process;

[0042] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the strain gauge pasting in the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 It is a communication flow chart in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the technical solutions and effects of the present invention are described in detail below through specific implementation modes in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0045] Inertia friction welding parts are generally rotor parts, which have very high precision requirements during assembly, generally reaching 0.1mm. Therefore, controlling the deformation of parts before and during welding plays an important role in the final part accuracy.

[0046] During the inertia friction welding process, the parts are subjected to great friction. Therefore, the setting of the clamping force before welding the parts has an important influence on the completion of the welding of the parts. If the clamping force is too small, the parts are subjected to greater friction during welding, which can easily cause the parts to slip and the friction to be insufficient, leading to welding failure. If the clamping force is too large, the parts will be deformed, which will cause the precision of the parts after welding to be unqualified and the next step cannot be carried out. At the same time, the selection of process parameters will also have an important influence on the deformation of the parts. Therefore, by measuring the deformation of the parts before and during welding, optimizing the welding clamping force and welding process parameters plays an important role in improving the precision of the parts.

[0047] By measuring the deformation of the web of the part before welding, the setting of the clamping force can be determined. Under the action of the clamping force, the theory requires that the part should not be deformed. However, in actual clamping deformation, the web and weld deformation may be "trumpet" or "narrowing". In the actual working process, due to stress release after welding, the shape before welding is narrowing, and the accuracy after welding is better. At the same time, through the strain acquisition system, the deformation amount is quantitatively analyzed to determine at what clamping force the deformation of the part before welding and the accuracy of the part after welding are higher.

[0048] In inertia friction welding, some materials have a large process window. After achieving the performance required by the design, the range of process parameters is very large. At this time, the post-weld accuracy of the part is another criterion for selecting process parameters. By monitoring the strain changes during welding, selecting appropriate process parameters can significantly improve the post-weld accuracy of the part.

[0049] Based on this, the present application provides a method for improving the accuracy of parts based on measuring the deformation of the web of inertia friction welding, taking the inertia friction welding of titanium alloy disk as an example, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0050] Step 1: Optimize the clamping force:

[0051] Step 1.1: Select Parts A and B of the same type as the titanium alloy disk to be welded as test pieces, clean the end faces of Parts A and B, and ensure that the surface of the parts is clean.

[0052] Step 1.2: Attach the strain gauge to the web of part A or part B. Figure 2 As shown, the number of strain gauges in this embodiment is four, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of parts A and B. Then the wireless strain collector is connected to the strain gauge, and the wireless strain collector is connected to the computer terminal, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 shown.

[0053] Before inertia friction welding, the parts are subjected to clamping force, and the weld joint and the web are deformed. Therefore, monitoring the web deformation can optimize the selection of clamping force. During the welding process, by monitoring the web deformation, the process parameters can be selected and the appropriate process can be selected.

[0054] The internal space of the inertia friction welding equipment is relatively small, and one side is in a high-speed rotating state. Therefore, the choice of deformation monitoring method is also very important. The present invention adopts a commercially available wireless strain collector for strain monitoring. The strain gauge is connected to the acquisition module of the wireless strain collector. In this embodiment, the size of the acquisition module is 2.6cm*5.5cm, and the sampling frequency is 40Hz; the transmission module connected to the acquisition module is connected to the computer terminal. In this embodiment, the size of the transmission module is 2.6cm*5.5cm. The number of strain gauges can be appropriately increased according to the diameter of the part. Based on the influence of clamping force and process parameters on part accuracy, avoid excessive or insufficient clamping force and the influence of welding process selection on part accuracy. The wireless strain collector is used to wirelessly monitor strain changes before and during welding, optimize clamping force and process parameters, and improve the accuracy of parts after welding.

[0055] Step 1.3: Install the parts, continuously adjust the clamping force, and monitor the strain gauge data. Ensure that the deformation of the parts is within 0.1mm, observe the deformation of the parts, and determine the clamping force that just reaches 0.1mm as the initial clamping force.

[0056] The initial clamping force in this embodiment is 6 MPa.

[0057] Step 1.4: According to the conventional processing technology of this part, the process parameters are pressure 80MPa and energy 500000J / mm 2 , perform inertia friction welding and record the strain data during the welding process.

[0058] Step 1.5: Observe whether the parts slip after welding.

[0059] If the part slips, the clamping force needs to be increased and inertia friction welding needs to be performed again until there is no sliding after welding; if the part does not slip, step 1.6 is implemented to analyze the deformation data of the web of the part after welding, and the clamping force is adjusted according to the deformation amount of the web after welding, and an iterative test is performed; through the strain data, the influence of the clamping force on the part accuracy is quantitatively analyzed to find the optimal clamping force.

[0060] Step 1.6: Loosen the parts and analyze the strain curve of the parts during welding. The final deformation data of the web of the parts after welding are 0.30mm, 0.42mm, 0.36mm, and 0.34mm.

[0061] Since the above deformations are all greater than 0.2 mm, execute step 1.7.

[0062] If the above deformation is less than 0.2mm but greater than 0.1mm, step 1.9 is implemented, and the above initial clamping force is the final clamping force; if the above deformation directly satisfies less than 0.1mm, the above initial clamping force is the final clamping force, and the process parameters do not need to change, and the method ends.

[0063] Step 1.7: Increase the clamping force to 8 MPa according to the deformation of the web after welding, install the parts and repeat steps 1.4 to 1.5, and monitor the strain data.

[0064] Step 1.8: Repeat step 1.6 to analyze the strain change curve of the part during welding. In this embodiment, the deformation data of the web of the part after welding are 0.14mm, 0.19mm, 0.18mm, and 0.17mm. At this time, the deformation is less than 0.2mm but greater than 0.1mm, and step 1.9 is performed.

[0065] Step 1.9: According to the deformation of the web after welding, the clamping force in step 1.7 that makes the deformation less than 0.2 mm but greater than 0.1 mm is determined as the final clamping force. In this embodiment, the final clamping force is determined to be 8 MPa.

[0066] Step 2: Optimize welding process parameters:

[0067] Step 2.1: Select Parts A and B of the same type as the titanium alloy disk to be welded as test pieces, clean the end faces of Parts A and B, and ensure that the surface of the parts is clean.

[0068] Step 2.2: Before installing the parts, attach the strain gauge to the web of part A or part B. Figure 2 As shown, there are four strain gauges, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of parts A and B. Then connect the wireless strain collector to the strain gauge, and the wireless strain collector to the computer, as shown in the figure. Figure 3 shown.

[0069] Step 2.3: Install the parts with a clamping force of 8 MPa determined in step 1.9.

[0070] Step 2.4: Since the deformation in the above steps did not reach the condition of less than 0.1 mm, the pressure was increased to 85 MPa according to the deformation of the web after welding, and the process parameters were 85 MPa and 500,000 J / mm 2 , perform inertia friction welding and record the strain data during the welding process.

[0071] Step 2.5: Analyze the strain change curve of the welding process of the parts. The final deformation data of the web of the parts are 0.05mm, 0.08mm, 0.06mm, and 0.09mm, and the deformation is less than 0.1mm, and the process parameter optimization is completed.

[0072] If the 0.1mm condition is not met, continue to increase the pressure or energy until the deformation is less than 0.1mm.

[0073] According to the deformation of the web after welding, the pressure or energy is adjusted and iterative tests are carried out. Through the strain data, the influence of the change of process parameters on the accuracy of the parts is quantitatively analyzed to find the optimal process parameters.

[0074] Step 3: The optimized parameters are: clamping force 8MPa, process parameters are pressure 85MPa, energy 500000J / mm 2 , improve the accuracy of parts after welding.

Claims

1. A method for improving part accuracy based on measuring the deformation of the inertia friction welding web, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1: Optimize the clamping force: Step 2: Optimize welding process parameters: Step 3: Get the optimized parameters.

2. A method for improving part accuracy based on measuring the deformation of the inertia friction welding web according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 1 specifically includes: Step 1.1: Select parts A and B of the same type as those to be welded as test pieces, clean the end faces of parts A and B, and ensure that the surface of the parts is clean; Step 1.2: Attach the strain gauge to the web of part A or part B, and evenly distribute the strain gauge around part A and part B; connect the wireless strain collector to the strain gauge, and connect the wireless strain collector to the computer; Step 1.3: Install the parts, continuously adjust the clamping force, monitor the strain gauge data, and determine the clamping force when the deformation just reaches 0.1mm as the initial clamping force; Step 1.4: According to the conventional processing technology of the part, use conventional pressure and energy to perform inertia friction welding, and record the strain data during the welding process; Step 1.5: Observe whether the parts slip after welding; If the parts slip, the clamping force needs to be increased and inertia friction welding needs to be performed again until there is no slip after welding; If the parts do not slide, proceed to step 1.6; Step 1.6: Loosen the parts and analyze the strain change curve of the parts during welding: If the final deformation data of the web of the welded parts are all greater than 0.2 mm, proceed to step 1.7; If the final deformation data of the web of the welded part is less than 0.2mm but greater than 0.1mm, then implement step 1.9, and the above initial clamping force is the final clamping force; If the deformation data of the web of the final welded part directly meets the requirement of less than 0.1 mm, the above initial clamping force is the final clamping force, and the process parameters do not need to be changed, and the method ends; Step 1.7: Increase the clamping force according to the deformation of the web after welding, install the parts and repeat steps 1.4 to 1.5, and monitor the strain data; Step 1.8: Repeat step 1.6 to analyze the strain change curve of the parts during welding; Step 1.9: According to the deformation of the web after welding, determine the clamping force in step 1.7 that makes the deformation less than 0.2mm but greater than 0.1mm as the final clamping force.

3. The method for improving part accuracy based on measuring the deformation of the inertia friction welding web according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 2 specifically includes: Step 2.1: Select parts A and B of the same type as those to be welded as test pieces, clean the end faces of parts A and B, and ensure that the surface of the parts is clean; Step 2.2: Attach the strain gauge to the web of part A or part B, and evenly distribute the strain gauge around part A and part B; connect the wireless strain collector to the strain gauge, and connect the wireless strain collector to the computer; Step 2.3: Install the parts with the clamping force determined in step 1.9; Step 2.4: Since the deformation in the above steps does not reach the condition of less than 0.1 mm, the pressure and / or energy in the process parameters are increased according to the deformation of the web after welding, inertia friction welding is performed, and the strain data during the welding process is recorded; Step 2.5: Analyze the strain change curve of the parts during welding: If the final part web deformation data is not all less than 0.1 mm, repeat step 2.4; The final part web deformation data are all less than 0.1mm, and the process parameter optimization is completed.

4. The method for improving part accuracy based on measuring the deformation of the inertia friction welding web according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optimized parameters obtained in step 3 include clamping force, pressure and energy.

5. A method for improving part accuracy based on measuring the deformation of the inertia friction welding web according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The number of the strain gauges is no less than 4.

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