Assembling device and method for open-type TBM main beam and main drive

Abstract

The invention relates to an open-type TBM main beam and main drive assembling device and method which are used for lifting control of a main beam, the open-type TBM main beam and main drive assembling device comprises a cylindrical supporting column and a lifting tool, the lifting tool is arranged above the cylindrical supporting column, and the lifting tool comprises a top supporting column, a lifting oil cylinder, a lifting plate, a fixing plate and a mechanical locking unit used for preventing the lifting oil cylinder from losing efficacy; a lifting oil cylinder is vertically arranged above the top supporting column, a lifting plate is arranged above a piston rod of the lifting oil cylinder, a fixing plate is detachably connected to the upper portion of the lifting plate, and the fixing plate is fixedly connected to the main beam; a mechanical locking unit is arranged between a cylinder barrel of the lifting oil cylinder and the lifting plate, the mechanical locking unit comprises a plurality of locking rings which are arranged in an up-down stacked mode, and the locking rings are arranged outside a piston rod of the lifting oil cylinder in a sleeving mode. The horizontal height and inclination of the main beam can be flexibly controlled, the main beam is promoted to actively adapt to the posture of the main drive, the risk of posture adjustment in the suspended state of the main drive is avoided, and the assembling efficiency of the main beam and the main drive is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shield machine assembly, and in particular to an assembly device and method for an open TBM main beam and a main drive. Background Art

[0002] When the main beam and main drive of the open-type TBM main machine are pre-assembled and debugged in the factory, the main beam is first put on the work station, and then the main drive is put on the work station. During this process, the main beam and the main drive must be bolted together, and then the main beam and the main drive are assembled.

[0003] During the design phase of the assembly plan, the main beam and the main drive have their own corresponding support fixtures. Under the action of the support fixtures, the bolt holes of the main beam and the main drive are aligned. The existing technical solution uses cylindrical support columns as support fixtures to support the main beam, so after the main beam is placed, the main beam cannot be moved. The main drive is movable. The posture and position of the main drive are controlled by the crane and wire rope. The main drive actively approaches the main beam until the end faces of the two are in contact. After the bolt holes are aligned, the bolts can be installed.

[0004] Theoretically, after the main drive is connected to the main beam, the main drive will have seamless contact with the supporting tooling below, but due to reasons such as ground flatness and tooling manufacturing errors, gaps will occur. Therefore, during the above assembly process, due to factors such as ground flatness and personnel measurement errors, the bolt holes connecting the main beam and the main drive will be misaligned, making the bolting process difficult to complete, which requires adjustment of the main beam or main drive position.

[0005] In the existing technology, since the main beam cannot be moved, the main drive must be controlled to move. However, the main drive is usually connected to the bottom shield and put on the workstation together. After the main drive and the bottom shield are connected, the overall weight reaches 30 to 50 tons, and the movement control and posture adjustment process of the main drive are difficult. After the main drive is adjusted and aligned with the bolt connection hole of the main beam by the crane and wire rope, multiple flat irons are filled in the bottom shield support position. The flat iron is equivalent to a thin iron sheet, and the purpose is to fill the gap.

[0006] From this, we can see that: 1. Due to the heavy overall weight of the main drive and the bottom shield, hoisting accidents are prone to occur during the crane hoisting process, and the hoisting posture is difficult to adjust. It is very dangerous to manually install flat irons under the main drive; 2. It is difficult to achieve flexible and precise crane operation, and the leveling and hole alignment quality is not high, and it is impossible to quickly correct the deviation, which affects the assembly progress; 3. After assembly, the support tooling needs to be removed during debugging, but the overall weight of the main beam is too large, which causes the support tooling to be under great pressure and is difficult to remove, so the support tooling will be directly removed destructively by flame cutting. 4. The main drive and the main beam are bolted, and the joint surface is positioned by a pin shaft. Because the pin shaft hole is a blind hole, the main drive and the main beam can only be operated in the horizontal direction, which limits the adjustment freedom of the main drive, and once the main drive is tilted, it is difficult to ensure the quality of the end face fitting. The insertion of the pin shaft into the pin shaft hole indicates that the bolt hole is accurately aligned. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the problems that in the process of using a crane to lift the main drive and actively cooperate with the main beam for assembly, there are high lifting risks and great safety hazards, and the main drive posture is difficult to flexibly control and the bolt holes cannot be quickly aligned. The present invention provides an assembly device and method for an open TBM main beam and main drive, optimizes the supporting tooling of the main beam to enable it to have a lifting function, and actively adapts to the main drive position through the lifting of the main beam under the premise that the main drive does not move, thereby realizing rapid assembly of the main beam and the main drive.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: An assembly device for an open-type TBM main beam and main drive, used for the lifting and lowering control of the main beam, comprises a cylindrical support column and a lifting tool, wherein the lifting tool is arranged above the cylindrical support column, and the cylindrical support column can increase the height position of the lifting tool, and the lifting tool comprises a top support column, a lifting cylinder, a lifting plate and a fixing plate, and a mechanical locking unit for preventing the lifting cylinder from failing; The lifting cylinder is vertically arranged above the top support column, and the lifting plate is arranged above the piston rod of the lifting cylinder, so as to facilitate the lifting plate to be lifted and lowered, and the fixing plate is detachably connected above the lifting plate, and the fixing plate is fixedly connected to the main beam, so as to facilitate the reliable connection between the lifting tooling and the main beam; The mechanical locking unit is arranged between the cylinder barrel of the lifting cylinder and the lifting plate. The mechanical locking unit includes a plurality of locking rings stacked up and down, which is convenient for selecting the locking ring according to the extended length of the piston rod. The locking ring is sleeved on the outside of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder. The locking ring has a two-petal structure, which is convenient for the installation of the locking ring.

[0009] Further, the top support column is of a cylindrical structure. The top support column and the cylindrical support column are arranged coaxially up and down and are flange-connected, which facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the top support column and the cylindrical support column. The top support column, the lifting oil cylinder, the lifting plate and the fixing plate are arranged in sequence from bottom to top.

[0010] Further, a stabilizing plate is arranged below the lifting oil cylinder. The stabilizing plate and the top support column are flange-connected, which facilitates the disassembly and assembly between the lifting oil cylinder and the top support column. A plurality of the reinforcing plates are circumferentially arranged between the lifting oil cylinder and the stabilizing plate, which improves the firmness of the installation of the lifting oil cylinder.

[0011] Further, the cross-section of the lifting oil cylinder is smaller than the cross-section of the lifting plate. The edge of the lifting plate extends horizontally outwards and protrudes from the cylinder barrel of the lifting oil cylinder; The middle part of the lifting plate is bent downwards to form a "U" - shaped structure. An internal installation bolt is arranged between the middle part of the lifting plate and the piston rod of the lifting oil cylinder, which facilitates the disassembly and assembly between the lifting plate and the lifting oil cylinder; The upper plane of the lifting plate is attached to the lower plane of the fixing plate. An external installation bolt is arranged between the lifting plate and the fixing plate, which facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the lifting plate and the fixing plate.

[0012] Further, the locking ring is of a two - petal annular sheet structure. The locking ring includes a left sheet body and a right sheet body that are buckled together to form a circular ring. The left sheet body is semi - circular, and the right sheet body has the same structure as the left sheet body. The two - petal structure facilitates the docking of the locking ring to form a toroid. Since the assembly time of the main beam and the main drive at the work station is long, the lifting oil cylinder cannot always be in a working state, so the locking ring is used to support the lifting oil cylinder. At the same time, the locking ring can prevent the oil cylinder from suddenly failing and causing the oil cylinder to retract.

[0013] Further, one end of the left sheet body is provided with a C - shaped groove and the other end is provided with a C - shaped protrusion. The corresponding grooves and protrusions on the left sheet body and the right sheet body are cooperatively buckled, effectively preventing the separation between the left sheet body and the right sheet body.

[0014] An assembly method for the main beam and the main drive of an open - type TBM, based on the above - mentioned assembly device, includes the following steps: Step 1: According to the designed assembly plan, arrange the shield support tooling and 4 - 6 cylindrical support columns on the ground. The multiple cylindrical support columns facilitate the uniform and stable support of the main beam. Install the lifting tooling above each cylindrical support column. The fixing plate in each lifting tooling is pre - welded and fixed at the corresponding position of the main beam; control the lifting oil cylinders in each lifting tooling to extend and be at the same horizontal plane; Step 2: Use a crane and steel wire ropes to lift and transport the main beam, horizontally place the main beam between multiple lifting toolings, ensure that the lifting plates and the fixing plates correspond one by one, and after correspondence, connect and fix them with bolts, thereby connecting and fixing the lifting tooling and the main beam; Step 3: Use the crane and wire rope to hoist the main drive and bottom shield close to the main beam. During the approach, adjust the main drive to keep it horizontal as much as possible, and then adjust the lifting height of the main drive so that the bolt holes are gradually on the same horizontal plane. When the main drive is about to fit the main beam, stop, control the lifting cylinder to move up and down, and ensure that the bolt holes between the main beam and the main drive are accurately aligned; start the crane again to drive the main drive to move horizontally and slowly approach the main beam until the pin shaft is inserted into the pin shaft hole; Step 4: Control the main beam and main drive to descend at the same time until the bottom shield under the main drive falls on the shield support tooling, at which time the main beam stops descending; select a corresponding number of locking rings according to the extended length of the piston rod of each lifting cylinder, and stack the locking rings between the lifting plate and the cylinder barrel of the lifting cylinder to lock the lifting cylinder, and finally connect and fix the main beam and main drive with bolts.

[0015] Through the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention has a reasonable structural design. The main beam can be supported evenly and stably by using multiple lifting tools. The lifting tools can drive the main beam to adjust the horizontal height and inclination, so that the main beam becomes movable and can quickly adjust the posture of the main beam. The main beam can actively adapt to the posture of the main drive, thus avoiding the problem of difficulty and high danger of using a crane to adjust the posture of the main drive back and forth, and can quickly align the bolt connection holes of the main beam and the main drive bolt connection holes, thereby quickly assembling and docking, thereby improving assembly efficiency.

[0016] The present invention uses a shield support tooling to support the main drive and the bottom shield, and uses a lifting tooling to support the main beam. The lifting tooling has a lifting cylinder to drive the main beam to rise and fall. Since the bolting process between the main beam and the main drive is relatively long, in order to prevent the lifting cylinder from accidentally failing, a mechanical locking unit is arranged between the lifting plate and the cylinder barrel of the lifting cylinder, and the mechanical locking unit is used to provide a supporting force, thereby ensuring the reliability of the application of the lifting cylinder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a front view of an assembly device of an open TBM main beam and a main drive according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of an assembly device of an open TBM main beam and a main drive according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of a mechanical locking unit of an assembly device for an open TBM main beam and a main drive of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a locking ring of an assembly device of an open TBM main beam and a main drive of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the buckling connection between the left and right plates of an assembly device of an open TBM main beam and a main drive according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the main drive hoisting state in step 3 of an open TBM main beam and main drive assembly method of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 It is a front view after the main drive and the main beam are assembled in step 4 of an assembly method of an open TBM main beam and a main drive of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 It is a top view of the main drive and the main beam after the main drive and the main beam are assembled in step 4 of an assembly method of an open TBM main beam and a main drive of the present invention.

[0025] The numbers in the attached drawings are: 1 main beam, 2 main drive, 3 bottom shield, 4 cylindrical support column, 5 lifting tooling, 51 top support column, 52 lifting cylinder, 53 lifting plate, 54 fixing plate, 55 mechanical locking unit, 6 stabilizing plate, 7 reinforcing plate, 8 inner mounting bolts, 9 outer mounting bolts, 10 locking ring, 101 left sheet, 102 right sheet, 11 groove, 12 protrusion, 13 shield body supporting tooling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: like Figure 1~Figure 5 As shown, an assembly device for an open TBM main beam and main drive is used for the lifting and lowering control of the main beam 1. After the main beam 1 can be lifted and lowered independently, it can actively adapt to the position of the main drive 2, avoiding the problem of difficulty in adjusting the lifting posture of the main drive 2 when the conventional main drive 2 actively adapts to the position of the main beam 1, thereby ensuring the rapid assembly of the main drive 2 and the main beam 1.

[0027] The assembly device includes a cylindrical support column 4 and a lifting tool 5. The cylindrical support column 4 is a prior art, and a lifting tool 5 is arranged above the cylindrical support column 4. The lifting tool 5 has a lifting function. When the lifting tool 5 supports the main beam 1, the horizontal height position and inclination of the main beam 1 can be controlled.

[0028] In this embodiment, the lifting tool 5 includes a top support column 51, a lifting cylinder 52, a lifting plate 53, a fixing plate 54, and a mechanical locking unit 55 for preventing failure of the lifting cylinder 52. The top support column 51, the lifting cylinder 52, the lifting plate 53 and the fixing plate 54 are arranged in sequence from bottom to top.

[0029] The top support column 51 is of a cylindrical structure. The functional role of the top support column 51 is the same as that of the cylindrical support column 4. The lifting tooling 5 is installed and fixed through the top support column 51 and the cylindrical support column 4. Here, the top support column 51 and the cylindrical support column 4 are arranged coaxially up and down and are connected and fixed by a flange.

[0030] A lifting oil cylinder 52 is vertically arranged above the top support column 51. To ensure the reliable installation of the lifting oil cylinder 52, a stabilizing plate 6 is arranged below the lifting oil cylinder 52, and the stabilizing plate 6 is flange-connected to the top support column 51. At the same time, a plurality of reinforcing plates 7 are circumferentially arranged between the lifting oil cylinder 52 and the stabilizing plate 6. Two adjacent side surfaces of the reinforcing plate 7 are respectively welded and fixed to the lifting oil cylinder 52 and the stabilizing plate 6. The reinforcing plate 7 ensures the vertical state of the lifting oil cylinder 52 and will not deflect when stressed. In this way, the lifting oil cylinder 52 and the top support column 51 can be installed and fixed together tightly and firmly, and at the same time, it is also convenient to disassemble the lifting oil cylinder 52.

[0031] The lifting oil cylinder 52 can be lifted and lowered under the action of hydraulic pressure. A lifting plate 53 is arranged above the piston rod of the lifting oil cylinder 52. The cross-section of the lifting oil cylinder 52 is smaller than the cross-section of the lifting plate 53. Furthermore, the edge of the lifting plate 53 extends horizontally outwards and protrudes from the cylinder barrel of the lifting oil cylinder 52, which is equivalent to that the lifting plate 53 can cover the lifting oil cylinder 52.

[0032] When the lifting plate 53 is installed, the lifting plate 53 is detachably connected to the piston rod. Specifically, the middle part of the lifting plate 53 is bent downwards to form a "U" - shaped structure. An internal installation bolt 8 is arranged between the middle part of the lifting plate 53 and the piston rod of the lifting oil cylinder 52. Through a plurality of internal installation bolts 8, the lifting plate 53 can be installed and fixed at the upper end of the piston rod. Furthermore, the lifting of the lifting plate 53 can be controlled through the lifting oil cylinder 52. Since the middle part of the lifting plate 53 is bent downwards and the internal installation bolt 8 is located in the middle part of the lifting plate 53, the internal installation bolt 8 is equivalent to being hidden and does not protrude from the upper surface of the lifting plate 53.

[0033] A fixing plate 54 is detachably connected above the lifting plate 53. Here, an external installation bolt 9 is arranged between the lifting plate 53 and the fixing plate 54, and the external installation bolt 9 is arranged at the edge position of the lifting plate 53. The upper plane of the lifting plate 53 is in contact with the lower plane of the fixing plate 54 to ensure sufficient supporting area. The fixing plate 54 is pre - fixed and connected to the main beam 1.

[0034] The principle of the present invention is as follows: the fixing plate 54 in the lifting fixture 5 is pre-connected and fixed to the main beam 1, and then the cylindrical support column 4 and the lifting fixture 5 are arranged on the ground. After the main beam 1 is arranged on the lifting fixture 5, the lifting fixture 5 and the main beam 1 are connected by external mounting bolts 9. The lifting cylinder 52 in the lifting fixture 5 needs to be connected to an external hydraulic pump station to provide a power source for the action of the lifting cylinder 52. By controlling the lifting and lowering of the lifting cylinder 52, the height position of the main beam 1 can be controlled, and then the main beam 1 can actively adapt to the position of the main drive 2.

[0035] Since the bolting of the main beam 1 and the main drive 2 takes a long time, the lifting cylinder 52 needs to be in working condition all the time. In order to prevent the lifting cylinder 52 from failing due to excessive pressure, a mechanical locking unit 55 is provided between the cylinder barrel of the lifting cylinder 52 and the lifting plate 53. The mechanical locking unit 55 can prevent the lifting cylinder 52 from suddenly failing and causing the piston rod to retract. The mechanical locking unit 55 utilizes the fact that after the piston rod drives the lifting plate 53 to move upward, there is a certain space between the lifting plate 53 and the cylinder barrel of the lifting cylinder 52. The mechanical locking unit 55 is arranged in the space. Once the lifting cylinder 52 fails, the mechanical locking unit 55 immediately plays a supporting role to prevent the piston rod from retreating.

[0036] The mechanical locking unit 55 includes a plurality of locking rings 10 stacked up and down. The number of locking rings 10 is indefinite and is selected according to the extension length of the piston rod. The locking ring 10 is sleeved on the outside of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 52. The locking ring 10 is a two-petal structure. Specifically, the locking ring 10 is a two-petal annular sheet structure, which can facilitate the sleeve installation of the locking ring 10. The thickness of the locking ring 10 is not more than 5 mm. The locking ring 10 includes a left sheet 101 and a right sheet 102 that are interlocked. The left sheet 101 is a semicircular ring, and the right sheet 102 has the same structure as the left sheet 101. After the left sheet 101 and the right sheet 102 are buckled, a circular sheet is formed.

[0037] In order to prevent the locking ring 10 from accidentally falling off, there is a buckling relationship between the left sheet 101 and the right sheet 102. Here, a C-shaped groove 11 is provided at one end of the left sheet 101, and a C-shaped protrusion 12 is provided at the other end, and the corresponding grooves 11 and protrusions 12 on the left sheet 101 and the right sheet 102 are buckled. When installing the locking ring 10, the left sheet 101 or the right sheet 102 is arranged first, and then the remaining right sheet 102 or the left sheet 101 is installed from the vertical direction.

[0038] like Figure 6~Figure 8 As shown, a method for assembling an open TBM main beam and a main drive comprises the following steps: Step 1. According to the design and assembly plan, arrange the shield support fixture 13 and 4 to 6 cylindrical support columns 4 on the ground. The shield support fixture 13 is used to support the main drive 2 and the bottom shield 3. After support, the bottom shield 3 and the shield support fixture 13 are in direct contact. There are six cylindrical support columns 4 here, which can support different positions of the main beam 1 and evenly support the main beam 1. Install a lifting fixture 5 above each cylindrical support column 4. The fixing plate 54 in each lifting fixture 5 is pre-welded and fixed to the corresponding position of the main beam 1. The lifting cylinder 52 in the lifting fixture 5 is connected to the hydraulic pump station.

[0039] The lifting cylinder 52 in each lifting tool 5 is manually controlled to extend and be at the same horizontal plane. The piston rod of the lifting cylinder 52 is first extended partially to ensure that there is a downward margin, so as to eliminate the relative deviation of the connection position between the main beam 1 and the main drive 2 during the assembly process. In other words, if the position of the main drive 2 is relatively low relative to the main beam 1, the lifting cylinder 52 can be adjusted downward to lower the position of the main beam 1 and actively adapt to the main drive 2. The upper end surfaces of the piston rods of each lifting cylinder 52 are at the same horizontal plane, which can ensure the horizontality of the main beam 1.

[0040] Step 2: Use the crane and wire rope to lift the main beam 1 first, and place the main beam 1 horizontally between the multiple lifting fixtures 5, ensuring that the lifting plates 53 and the fixing plates 54 correspond one to one. After the correspondence, use the external mounting bolts 9 to connect and fix them, and then the six lifting fixtures 5 work together to support the main beam 1. At this time, the main beam 1 can be driven up and down by the lifting cylinder 52. After the main beam 1 and the lifting fixture 5 are connected and fixed, the lifting fixture 5 is used again to level the main beam 1.

[0041] Step 3: After the main drive 2 and the bottom shield 3 are connected and assembled, the main drive 2 and the bottom shield 3 are hoisted by the crane and the wire rope to make them close to the main beam 1. During the approaching process, the main drive 2 is adjusted to keep it as horizontal as possible by controlling the retraction and extension of different wire ropes, and then the lifting height of the main drive 2 is adjusted to gradually make the bolting holes on the main drive 2 and the bolting holes on the main beam 1 be in the same horizontal plane. This process is the process of the main drive 2 actively approaching the main beam 1.

[0042] The main drive 2 stops when it is about to fit the main beam 1. At this time, the posture of the main drive 2 is no longer controlled by the crane and the wire rope, but the lifting cylinder 52 is controlled to move up and down, driving the main beam 1 to actively adapt to the position of the main drive 2. When the main beam 1 is raised and lowered, ensure that the bolt holes between the main beam 1 and the main drive 2 are accurately aligned. Then the crane is started again to drive the main drive 2 to move horizontally and slowly approach the main beam 1 until the pin shaft is inserted into the pin shaft hole. At this time, the bolt holes on the main beam 1 and the bolt holes on the main drive 2 are accurately aligned, and the end face of the main beam 1 and the end face of the main drive 2 fit together.

[0043] If the main drive 2 is slightly tilted in the horizontal direction, the extension stroke of the lifting cylinder 52 in the lifting tool 5 can be adjusted to achieve better fitting quality between the main drive 2 and the bolted surface of the main beam 1 .

[0044] Step 4: Control the main beam 1 and the main drive 2 to descend simultaneously until the bottom shield 3 under the main drive 2 falls on the shield support tooling 13 . At this time, the main beam 1 stops descending and is supported by the lifting cylinder 52 .

[0045] According to the extended length of the piston rod of each lifting cylinder 52, a corresponding number of locking rings 10 are selected and stacked between the lifting plate 53 and the cylinder of the lifting cylinder 52 to lock the lifting cylinder 52, and then the lifting cylinder is slowly depressurized, and the locking ring 10 is used to provide a support function. Finally, the main beam 1 and the main drive 2 are connected and fixed by bolts, and the assembly and docking between the main beam 1 and the main drive 2 is completed.

[0046] The embodiments described above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structures, features and principles described in the patent scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims

1. An assembly device for an open type TBM main beam and main drive, used for controlling the lifting and lowering of the main beam (1), characterized in that: It includes a cylindrical support column (4) and a lifting tooling (5). The lifting tooling (5) is arranged above the cylindrical support column (4). The lifting tooling (5) includes a top support column (51), a lifting oil cylinder (52), a lifting plate (53), a fixing plate (54), and a mechanical locking unit (55) for preventing the failure of the lifting oil cylinder (52). The lifting oil cylinder (52) is vertically arranged above the top support column (51). The lifting plate (53) is arranged above the piston rod of the lifting oil cylinder (52). The fixing plate (54) is detachably connected above the lifting plate (53), and the fixing plate (54) is fixedly connected to the main beam (1). The mechanical locking unit (55) is arranged between the cylinder barrel of the lifting oil cylinder (52) and the lifting plate (53). The mechanical locking unit (55) includes a plurality of locking rings (10) arranged in an upper and lower stacked manner. The locking rings (10) are sleeved outside the piston rod of the lifting oil cylinder (52), and the locking rings (10) are of a two-piece structure.

2. The assembly device of an open TBM main beam and main drive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top support column (51) is of a cylindrical structure. The top support column (51) and the cylindrical support column (4) are arranged coaxially up and down and are flange-connected. The top support column (51), the lifting oil cylinder (52), the lifting plate (53), and the fixing plate (54) are arranged in sequence from bottom to top.

3. The assembly device of an open TBM main beam and main drive according to claim 1, characterized in that: A stabilizing plate (6) is arranged below the lifting oil cylinder (52). The stabilizing plate (6) and the top support column (51) are flange-connected. A plurality of the reinforcing plates (7) are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction between the lifting oil cylinder (52) and the stabilizing plate (6).

4. The assembly device of an open TBM main beam and main drive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-section of the lifting oil cylinder (52) is smaller than the cross-section of the lifting plate (53). The edge of the lifting plate (53) extends horizontally outwards and protrudes from the cylinder barrel of the lifting oil cylinder (52). The middle part of the lifting plate (53) is bent downwards to form a "U" - shaped structure. An internal installation bolt (8) is arranged between the middle part of the lifting plate (53) and the piston rod of the lifting oil cylinder (52). The upper plane of the lifting plate (53) is in contact with the lower plane of the fixing plate (54). An external installation bolt (9) is arranged between the lifting plate (53) and the fixing plate (54).

5. The assembly device of an open TBM main beam and main drive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking ring (10) is of a two-piece annular sheet structure. The locking ring (10) includes a left sheet body (101) and a right sheet body (102) that are buckled together to form a circular ring. The left sheet body (101) is semi-circular, and the right sheet body (102) has the same structure as the left sheet body (101).

6. The assembly device of an open TBM main beam and main drive according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the left sheet body (101) is provided with a C - shaped groove (11), and the other end is provided with a C - shaped protrusion (12). The corresponding grooves (11) and protrusions (12) on the left sheet body (101) and the right sheet body (102) are cooperatively buckled.

7. A method for assembling an open TBM main beam and a main drive, characterized in that: Based on the assembling device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, it includes the following steps: Step 1: According to the design and assembly plan, a shield support tool (13) and 4 to 6 cylindrical support columns (4) are arranged on the ground, and a lifting tool (5) is installed above each cylindrical support column (4). The fixing plate (54) in each lifting tool (5) is pre-welded and fixed at a corresponding position of the main beam (1); and the lifting cylinder (52) in each lifting tool (5) is controlled to extend and be at the same horizontal plane; Step 2, using a crane and a steel wire rope to lift the main beam (1), and horizontally placing the main beam (1) between a plurality of lifting fixtures (5), ensuring that the lifting plates (53) and the fixing plates (54) correspond one to one, and then connecting and fixing them with bolts after they correspond; Step 3, using the crane and the wire rope to hoist the main drive (2) and the bottom shield (3) close to the main beam (1), adjusting the main drive (2) to keep it in a horizontal state as much as possible during the approaching process, and then adjusting the lifting height of the main drive (2) so that the bolt holes are gradually in the same horizontal plane; When the main drive (2) is about to fit the main beam (1), it stops, and the lifting cylinder (52) is controlled to move up and down to ensure that the bolt holes between the main beam (1) and the main drive (2) are accurately aligned; the crane is started again to drive the main drive (2) to move horizontally and slowly approach the main beam (1) until the pin shaft is inserted into the pin shaft hole; Step 4: Control the main beam (1) and the main drive (2) to descend simultaneously until the bottom shield (3) below the main drive (2) falls on the shield support tooling (13), at which time the main beam (1) stops descending; select a corresponding number of locking rings (10) according to the extended length of the piston rod of each lifting cylinder (52), and stack the locking rings (10) between the lifting plate (53) and the cylinder barrel of the lifting cylinder (52) to achieve locking of the lifting cylinder (52), and finally connect and fix the main beam (1) and the main drive (2) with bolts.

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