A distributed sluice gate structure and its usage method

Abstract

This invention provides a distributed sluice gate structure and its usage method, comprising several lifting gate sluice gate units arranged side-by-side along the width of the river channel below the water surface. Each lifting gate sluice gate unit includes a sluice gate base, a floating steel gate, and an air filling and venting device installed within the sluice gate base. The sluice gate base has a gate chamber, with breast walls along its length on the front and rear sides. The floating steel gate is installed within the gate chamber and includes a gate body and a gate cap. The gate body has an inner cavity, and inlet and outlet holes are provided at the lower part of the gate body. The air filling and venting device is connected to the inner cavity of the gate body through an air filling and venting hose to adjust the water volume in the inner cavity of the gate body and control the raising and lowering of the gate. When not blocking tides or water, the gate body sinks until the gate cap sits atop the breast wall of the gate base. When it is necessary to block water or tides, the air filling and venting device pressurizes the floating steel gate, and the gate gradually rises to a predetermined height under buoyancy, thereby performing the function of blocking tides.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hydraulic gate technology, specifically relating to a distributed sluice gate structure and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Sluice gates are important hydraulic structures on rivers. By opening or closing the gates, they artificially control the water level and flow rate upstream and downstream, achieving purposes such as tide control, flood prevention, flood discharge, and water resource allocation. With the influence of factors such as climate change and rising sea levels, many large and even mega-cities along the coast urgently need to construct sluice gates and other flood control structures at river mouths.

[0003] Tidal gates are often built in estuaries. Due to the wide river channels, significant changes in riverbed depth, and high siltation intensity in estuary sections, the construction of sluice gates must comprehensively consider factors such as site selection, land occupation behind the gate, shoreline occupation, navigation, river morphology, siltation, and gate structure. Furthermore, it must meet the ultra-large span and ultra-high clearance requirements for large ocean-going vessels. Therefore, the technical difficulty of constructing estuary sluice gates is particularly high. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a distributed sluice gate structure and usage method that occupies less land and shoreline, can adapt to complex riverbed cross-sections, meets the requirements of large span and high clearance for large ocean-going vessels, and has a short opening and closing time, convenient operation, and simple structure, so as to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the existing technology.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0006] A distributed sluice gate structure includes several lifting gate sluice gate units arranged side by side underwater along the width of the river channel. Water is blocked by these lifting gate sluice gate units. Each lifting gate sluice gate unit includes a sluice gate base, a float-box steel gate, and air filling and venting equipment installed within the sluice gate base.

[0007] The sluice gate base is equipped with a gate chamber, and the front and rear sides of the gate chamber are breast walls along the length direction;

[0008] The floating steel gate includes a gate body and a gate top cap. The gate body can be raised and lowered and housed in the gate compartment. The gate top cap is fixedly connected to the gate body. The gate body and the gate top cap are provided with interconnected internal cavities. The lower part of the gate body is provided with inlet and outlet holes.

[0009] The inflation / deflation device is connected to the inner cavity of the gate body via an inflation / deflation hose to adjust the water volume in the inner cavity of the gate body and control the raising and lowering of the gate. When not blocking moisture or water, the inlet and outlet holes at the bottom of the floating steel gate are opened, and water flows into the inner cavity of the gate body. The gate body sinks until the gate cap sits on the top of the breast wall of the gate base. When it is necessary to block water or moisture, the inflation / deflation device pressurizes the floating steel gate with air. The water in the inner cavity of the floating steel gate is discharged outward through the inlet and outlet holes at the bottom of the floating steel gate. Under the action of buoyancy, the gate gradually rises to the predetermined height, thereby performing the function of blocking moisture.

[0010] In one embodiment, the shape of the gate body is adapted to the gate chamber.

[0011] In one embodiment, a comprehensive corridor is provided along the length of the lower part of the sluice gate base, and grooves are provided between two adjacent sluice gate bases to increase the integrity between the bases, and a water-stop structure is provided for seepage prevention.

[0012] In one embodiment, the outer surface of the floating steel gate is enclosed by steel plates, and the interior is provided with several longitudinal and transverse support steel beams and several diagonal steel truss support frames. Several vertical partitions are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction inside the gate. The plates divide the interior of the floating steel gate body into several independent and sealed floating chambers. The floating chambers can prevent instability caused by the sloshing of water in the chambers during the raising and lowering of the gate, and also facilitate subsequent compartmentalized maintenance.

[0013] In one embodiment, a sub-floating steel gate slot is provided at the top opening of the floating steel gate, and a sub-floating steel gate is installed in the sub-floating steel gate slot. The sub-floating steel gate raises and lowers the gate by filling and draining water, thereby increasing the overall water-blocking height of the gate. Furthermore, by retracting the sub-floating steel gate into the main floating gate, the height of the sluice gate base and the amount of underwater engineering are reduced.

[0014] In one embodiment, a detachable top section of the breast wall can be provided at the upper part of the breast wall to reserve conditions for deepening the channel during later expansion and dredging.

[0015] In one embodiment, the bottom of the sluice gate can be configured as a flat bottom or a stepped shape to adapt to changes in riverbed morphology.

[0016] In one embodiment, the bottom of the gate body is connected to the bottom of the gate chamber by a limiting anchor chain.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for using a distributed sluice gate structure, the method comprising:

[0018] Step S1: Complete the prefabrication of multiple sluice gate bases, place the sluice gate bases in the predetermined positions on the canal, and install them by drawing on the experience of immersed tunnel construction; set up inter-base joints and water-stop structures between the sluice gate bases to prevent water seepage. The construction of the sluice gate bases can also consider setting up cofferdams in sections on site and adopting a sectioned on-site casting method. After each sluice gate base is installed, hoist the individual prefabricated floating steel gate and limit anchor chain and install them in the gate chamber.

[0019] Step S2: When the gate needs to be opened, water is allowed to enter the inner cavity of the floating steel gate by simultaneously opening the lower air inlet and outlet holes and the upper water inlet and outlet holes. Then, when the upper water inlet and outlet holes are submerged in the water, water also begins to enter the water inlet and outlet holes. Finally, the gate cap of the floating steel gate sits on the breast wall, completing the sinking of the floating steel gate.

[0020] Step S3: When the gate needs to be closed, the floating steel gate rises to the water surface using buoyancy. By opening the air inlet and outlet holes at the bottom of the floating steel gate and closing the water inlet and outlet holes at the top, air is pumped into the gate cavity through the air pumping equipment and pipes. The air pressure is used to discharge water from the floating steel gate through the air inlet and outlet holes. When the water volume in the gate cavity reaches a certain level, the floating steel gate gradually rises under the action of buoyancy until the gate rises to the predetermined height. The limiting anchor chain between the floating steel gate and the sluice gate base is tensioned. At this time, the floating steel gate will be stabilized at the predetermined height, realizing the water blocking function of the sluice gate. If multiple lifting gate sluice gate units are set up side by side, ultra-large span water blocking is realized.

[0021] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0022] 1. This invention effectively decomposes a large-span gate into several independent units, breaking through the limitations of traditional gates on large spans, and can be applied to ultra-large span sluice gate projects.

[0023] 2. The hydraulic structure of this invention is entirely underwater, with no structures in the middle of the river channel, thus having little impact on river flow and riverbed evolution, and also little impact on ship navigation.

[0024] 3. The hydraulic structure of this invention is entirely underwater, which greatly reduces the occupation of the land area and shoreline behind it.

[0025] 4. Each unit of the present invention can operate independently, the opening and closing operation is simple, and the opening and closing time of large span and large volume gates is greatly shortened.

[0026] 5. This invention reduces the impact of siltation on gate operation. Most traditional gates require a sill, and siltation on the sill directly affects the gate's operation. However, this invention has no sill, and even if there is some siltation at the top, the buoyancy can be increased by increasing the drainage capacity of the gate's inner cavity, allowing it to break through the siltation layer and operate normally.

[0027] 6. Although this invention is submerged for a long time, its maintenance and repair can be carried out by dry operation in compartments and areas, or the gate can be lifted and floated to the dock or shore for repair. This provides better maintenance conditions than other gate types that are submerged for a long time (such as traditional flap gates), and solves the problem of difficult underwater maintenance and repair.

[0028] 7. The top of the thoracic cavity of this invention can be made into a movable splicing form, and a detachable section of a certain height at the top can be removed, thereby adapting to the needs of the later-stage dredging development of the waterway.

[0029] 8. This invention is decomposed into several independent units. The bottom of the sluice gate can adopt a stepped shape that can adapt to changes in riverbed morphology. This can reduce the impact of the sluice gate on the river channel and solve the problems of high siltation intensity and difficulty in dredging and maintenance of the sill top of the flat bottom side beach section of conventional sluice gates.

[0030] 9. The present invention is manufactured in sections and assembled on site, which can reduce the impact of the construction team on the navigation of the river.

[0031] 10. The present invention has a simple structure, and each sluice gate unit is independent of the others, which reduces the design difficulty of large-span steel structures. Moreover, if one sluice gate unit fails, it will not affect the structural safety and use of other sluice gate units.

[0032] 11. This invention can block bidirectional head difference. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a sluice gate in the closed (sluice gate submerged) state according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a sluice gate in the open (gate floating) state according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a longitudinal section view of a sluice gate when it is closed (the gate sinks) according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of interrupted surface AA (the sluice gate is in the closed (sluice gate is submerged) state).

[0037] Figure 5 This is a longitudinal section view of a sluice gate when it is opened (the gate floats up) according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of a steel gate with a sub-float box according to an embodiment of the present invention (the sluice gate is in the closed (gate submerged) state).

[0039] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of a steel gate with a sub-float box according to an embodiment of the present invention (the sluice gate is in the open (gate floating) state).

[0040] Figure 8 An embodiment of the present invention provides a detachable section at the top of the pleural cavity of the gate chamber (when the sluice gate is in the closed (sluice gate sinking) state).

[0041] Figure 9 This is a longitudinal section diagram of a sluice gate arranged in a stepped manner to adapt to the riverbed morphology according to an embodiment of the present invention (the sluice gate is in the closed (gate submerged) state).

[0042] Figure 10 This is a longitudinal section diagram of a sluice gate in an embodiment of the present invention, where the gate bottom is arranged in a stepped manner to adapt to the riverbed morphology (the sluice gate is in the open (gate floating) state). Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0044] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "below," "under," "down," "above," "above," "upper," etc., will be used where necessary to describe the relationship of one element or feature shown in the figures relative to another element or feature. These spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation, in addition to those shown in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is flipped, an element described as "below" or "under" other elements or features would be oriented as "above" other elements or features.

[0045] Unless otherwise specified, the terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains, and are to be understood as having the meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the relevant art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or over-formalized manner, except as expressly defined in this invention.

[0046] See Figures 1 to 5 The figure shows a distributed sluice gate structure, including several lifting gate sluice gate units 1 arranged side by side along the width of the river channel, such as... Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown. Each lifting gate sluice gate unit 1 includes a sluice gate base 2 and a floating steel gate 3, as shown. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown.

[0047] The upper opening cavity of the sluice gate base 2 serves as the gate chamber 4, and the float-box steel gate 3 is installed inside the gate chamber 4. The sluice gate base 2 and the float-box steel gate 3 are combined, and through buoyancy, the float-box steel gate 3 rises and falls within the gate chamber 4, achieving the functions of water blocking and moisture blocking. When a certain amount of water is injected into the inner cavity of the float-box steel gate 3, the float-box steel gate 3 sinks into the gate chamber 4, thus opening the gate. Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown; when air is pressurized into the floating steel gate 3 through the inflation and deflation equipment, the water inside the floating steel gate 3 is discharged outward through the inlet and outlet holes 9 at the bottom of the floating steel gate 3, and the gate gradually rises until the limit anchor chain is tightened, restricting the floating steel gate 3 from floating, thus performing the function of blocking moisture, as shown. Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown.

[0048] To facilitate a further understanding of the working principle of the distributed sluice gate structure of the present invention, the following provides a detailed description of the two parts: the sluice gate base 2, the floating box steel gate 3, and a typical embodiment of the gate.

[0049] See Figures 1 to 5 The upper part of the sluice gate base 2 is an open cavity gate chamber 4, and the front and rear sides of the gate chamber 4 are breast walls 5 along the length direction.

[0050] At an appropriate location outside the gate chamber 4, a comprehensive corridor 6 (including corridors for maintenance, pipelines, etc.) is constructed along its length. A base joint and water-stop structure 7 are installed between two adjacent sluice gate bases 2 to increase the overall integrity of the bases and to prevent seepage.

[0051] See Figures 1 to 5 The gate cap 8 on the upper part of the floating steel gate 3 is located on the top of the breast wall 5 of the gate base 2, and a water stop is provided between the two.

[0052] The pontoon steel gate 3 is provided with inlet and outlet holes 9 at the bottom, and the gate cap 8 is provided with water inlet and air outlet holes 12 on the side. The inflation and deflation device 10 is connected to the inner cavity of the gate by inflation and deflation hoses 11, and the floating and sinking of the pontoon steel gate 3 is controlled by adjusting the water volume in the inner cavity of the gate.

[0053] The floating steel gate 3 is externally enclosed by steel plates, and internally contains several longitudinal and transverse supporting steel beams and several diagonal steel truss support frames. Several vertical partitions are spaced along the vertical direction inside the gate, dividing the interior of the floating steel gate body into several independent, sealed floating chambers. The floating chambers prevent instability caused by water sloshing during gate raising and lowering, and also facilitate subsequent compartmentalized maintenance.

[0054] See Figures 3 to 5When a large span of water needs to be blocked, multiple lifting gate sluice gate units 1 are installed side by side at the water blocking position. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0055] (1) Complete the prefabrication of multiple sluice gate bases 2, place the sluice gate bases 2 at predetermined positions on the canal, and install them by drawing on the experience of immersed tunnel construction; set up inter-base joints and water-stop structures 7 between the sluice gate bases 2 to prevent water seepage. Of course, the construction of the sluice gate bases 2 can also consider setting up cofferdams in sections on site and adopting a sectioned on-site pouring method.

[0056] (2) After the base of each sluice gate 2 is installed, the prefabricated floating steel gate 3 and the limiting anchor chain 13 are installed together in the gate chamber 4.

[0057] (3) After the installation of each floating steel gate 3, the water-stopping components 7 between the gates, and the limiting anchor chain 13 is completed, ultra-large span water blocking can be achieved, such as Figure 5 As shown. Under normal circumstances, the gate is in the closed state, that is, the floating steel gate 3 is sunk and hidden in the gate chamber 4. The method is to first open the lower air inlet and outlet vent 9 and the upper water inlet and outlet vent 12 of the floating steel gate 3 at the same time, so that water enters the inner cavity of the floating steel gate 3 through the air inlet and outlet vent 9; when the upper water inlet and outlet vent 12 is submerged in the water, water inlet and outlet vent 12 also begins to enter, and finally the gate cap 8 of the floating steel gate 3 sits on the breast wall 5, completing the sinking of the floating steel gate 3.

[0058] When the gate needs to be opened, the floating steel gate 3 rises to a certain height using buoyancy. This is achieved by first opening the lower air inlet / outlet vent 9 of the floating steel gate 3 and closing the upper air inlet / outlet vent 12. Air is then pumped into the gate cavity through the air inlet / outlet device 10 and the air inlet / outlet pipe 11. The air pressure forces water out of the floating steel gate 3 through the air inlet / outlet vent 9. When the water level in the gate cavity reaches a certain point, the floating steel gate 3 gradually rises under buoyancy until it reaches the predetermined height. At this point, the limiting anchor chain 13 between the floating steel gate 3 and the sluice gate base 2 is tensioned, and the floating steel gate 3 stabilizes at the predetermined height, thus achieving the water-blocking function of the sluice gate. Combining multiple lifting gate sluice gate units 1 side-by-side achieves ultra-large span water blocking.

[0059] join Figure 6 and Figure 7 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a sub-floating steel gate slot is provided on the top surface of the buoy steel gate 3 of the sluice gate, and a sub-floating steel gate 3-1 is installed in the sub-floating steel gate slot. The sub-floating steel gate 3-1 realizes the gate lifting and lowering by filling and draining water, thereby increasing the overall water blocking height of the gate. Furthermore, by storing the sub-floating steel gate 3-1 inside the main floating steel gate 3, the height of the sluice gate base 2 and the amount of underwater engineering are reduced.

[0060] join Figure 8 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the breast wall 5 of the sluice gate is designed with a detachable breast wall top 14 to reserve conditions for deepening the channel in the later stage of expansion and dredging; that is, when the channel needs to be deepened in the later stage, the upper detachable breast wall top 14 can be removed, thereby reducing the top elevation, increasing the channel depth, and not affecting the normal operation in the later stage.

[0061] See Figure 9 and Figure 10 The bottom of the sluice gate can be stepped, which better adapts to the cross-sectional shape of the riverbed. For U-shaped or V-shaped river sections, the stepped shape can better adapt to the cross-sectional shape of the riverbed, which can reduce the impact of the sluice gate on the river channel, and also help to reduce the intensity of siltation on the top of the sill of the flat bottom side beach section of conventional sluice gates and the amount of dredging and maintenance in the later stage.

[0062] The above description of the embodiments is provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and use the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to these embodiments, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed sluice gate structure, characterized in that, It includes several lifting gate sluice gate units arranged side by side along the width of the river channel, which are submerged in the water. Water is blocked by these lifting gate sluice gate units. Each lifting gate sluice gate unit includes a sluice gate base, a float-box steel gate, and air filling and venting equipment installed in the sluice gate base. The sluice gate base is equipped with a gate chamber, and the front and rear sides of the gate chamber are breast walls along the length direction. A detachable breast wall top is provided on the upper part of the breast wall to reserve conditions for deepening the channel in the later stage of expansion and dredging. The floating steel gate includes a gate body and a gate top cap. The gate body can be raised and lowered and housed in the gate chamber. The shape of the gate body is adapted to the gate chamber. The gate top cap is fixedly connected to the gate body. The gate body and the gate top cap are provided with interconnected cavities. The lower part of the gate body is provided with inlet and outlet holes. The inflation / deflation device is connected to the inner cavity via an inflation / deflation hose to adjust the water volume in the inner cavity and control the raising and lowering of the gate. When not blocking moisture or water, the inlet and outlet holes at the bottom of the gate body are opened, and water flows into the inner cavity of the gate body. The gate body sinks until the gate cap sits on the top of the breast wall of the sluice gate base. When it is necessary to block water or moisture, the inflation / deflation device is used to pressurize the float steel gate. The water in the inner cavity of the float steel gate is discharged outward through the inlet and outlet holes at the bottom of the float steel gate. Under the action of buoyancy, the gate gradually rises to the predetermined height, thereby performing the function of blocking moisture.

2. The distributed sluice gate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A comprehensive corridor is set along the length of the lower part of the sluice gate base. A groove is set between two adjacent sluice gate bases to increase the integrity between the bases. A water-stop structure is also set for seepage prevention.

3. The distributed sluice gate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer surface of the floating steel gate is enclosed by steel plates, and the interior is equipped with several longitudinal and transverse supporting steel beams and several diagonal steel truss support frames. Several vertical partitions are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction inside the gate, which divide the interior of the floating steel gate into several independent and sealed floating chambers. The floating chambers can prevent instability caused by the sloshing of water inside the chambers during the raising and lowering of the gate, and also facilitate subsequent compartmentalized maintenance.

4. The distributed sluice gate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sub-floating steel gate slot is provided at the top opening of the main floating gate. A sub-floating steel gate is installed in the sub-floating steel gate slot. The sub-floating steel gate raises and lowers the gate by filling and draining water, thereby increasing the overall water-blocking height of the gate. Furthermore, by storing the sub-floating steel gate inside the main floating gate, the height of the sluice gate base and the amount of underwater engineering work are reduced.

5. The distributed sluice gate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the sluice gate base is designed to be flat or stepped to adapt to changes in riverbed morphology.

6. The distributed sluice gate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the gate body is connected to the bottom of the gate compartment by a limiting anchor chain.

7. A method of using the distributed sluice gate structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method includes: Step S1: Complete the prefabrication of multiple sluice gate bases, place the sluice gate bases in the predetermined positions on the canal, and install them by drawing on the experience of immersed tunnel construction; set up inter-base joints and water-stop structures between the sluice gate bases to prevent water seepage. The construction of the sluice gate bases takes into account the setting up of cofferdams in different areas on site and adopts the method of on-site pouring in different areas. After each sluice gate base is installed, hoist the individual prefabricated floating steel gate and limit anchor chain and install them in the gate chamber. Step S2: When the gate needs to be opened, water is allowed to enter the inner cavity of the floating steel gate by simultaneously opening the lower air inlet and outlet holes and the upper water inlet and outlet holes. Then, when the upper water inlet and outlet holes are submerged in the water, water also begins to enter the water inlet and outlet holes. Finally, the gate cap of the floating steel gate sits on the breast wall, completing the sinking of the floating steel gate. Step S3: When the gate needs to be closed, the floating steel gate rises to the water surface using buoyancy. By opening the air inlet and outlet holes at the bottom of the floating steel gate and closing the water inlet and outlet holes at the top, air is pumped into the inner cavity of the floating steel gate through the air pumping equipment and pipes. The air pressure causes the water inside the floating steel gate to be discharged through the air inlet and outlet holes. When the water volume in the inner cavity of the floating steel gate reaches a certain level, the floating steel gate gradually rises under the action of buoyancy until the gate rises to the predetermined height. The limiting anchor chain between the floating steel gate and the sluice gate base is tensioned. At this time, the floating steel gate will be stabilized at the predetermined height, realizing the water blocking function of the sluice gate. If multiple lifting gate sluice gate units are set up side by side, ultra-large span water blocking is realized.

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