A safe and reasonable ventilation continuous mining and filling mining system and method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of backfill mining and provides a safe and rationally ventilated continuous mining and backfilling system and method. The system comprises a coal chute, a backfilling chute, and a cut-hole. The ends of the cut-hole are connected to one end of each of the coal chute and the backfilling chute, respectively. The coal chute and the backfilling chute each receive air, and the coal chute, the backfilling chute, and the cut-hole form a first backfilling working face. A return air chute, one end of which is connected to the cut-hole, forms a second backfilling working face between the return air chute and the backfilling chute. The first and second backfilling working faces are mined sequentially. A return air duct, the ends of which are connected to the coal chute and the return air chute, respectively. The return air duct divides the first and second backfilling working faces into two mining units. While achieving safe and rational ventilation, the present invention allows two tunnel boring machines (TBMs) to operate simultaneously within the working face, thereby improving production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of filling mining, and in particular relates to a safe and reasonably ventilated continuous mining and filling mining system and method. Background Art

[0002] Continuous mining and continuous backfilling is a new backfilling technology that has developed and matured in recent years. This technology can effectively control the movement of roof and overlying rock, prevent surface subsidence, and protect surface and groundwater resources. It can effectively reduce the intensity of mine pressure and effectively prevent roof and water inrush accidents. It can eliminate the risks of gas accumulation and spontaneous combustion of floating coal in goafs, improving safety assurance capabilities. It can also digest large amounts of coal gangue, reduce the accumulation and land occupation of surface gangue mountains, and eliminate ecological pollution. It also implements "three down, one up" coal mining, replaces underground coal pillars, and extends the service life of the mine. This technology and equipment system is reliable, practical, and easy to operate, and is applicable to all production mines.

[0003] However, this technology is restricted by ventilation conditions and other factors, resulting in low output, which affects its wider promotion and application. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a continuous mining and filling system and method with safe and reasonable ventilation to solve the above problems, achieve safe and reasonable ventilation, and realize the arrangement of two comprehensive tunneling machines in the working face for simultaneous construction, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following solution: a safe and rationally ventilated continuous mining and filling mining system, comprising:

[0006] A coal conveying chute, a filling chute and a cut-hole, wherein both ends of the cut-hole are respectively connected to one end of the coal conveying chute and the filling chute, the coal conveying chute and the filling chute are air-intaken, and the coal conveying chute, the filling chute and the cut-hole form a first filling working face;

[0007] a return air chute, one end of which is connected to the cut hole, the return air chute being used for returning air, a second filling working face being formed between the return air chute and the filling chute, and the first filling working face and the second filling working face being mined in sequence;

[0008] The return air duct has two ends connected to the side walls of the coal conveying chute and the side walls of the return air chute respectively, and the return air duct divides the first filling working face and the second filling working face into two groups of mining units.

[0009] Preferably, the end of the coal transport chute away from the cutting eye is connected to the mining area transport lane, the end of the filling chute away from the cutting eye is connected to the mining area auxiliary transport lane, and the end of the return air chute away from the cutting eye is connected to the mining area return air lane.

[0010] Preferably, the return air duct and the filling chute are connected by an air bridge, and the exhaust air generated by the mining unit enters the return air duct through the air bridge.

[0011] Preferably, a wind barrier is provided between the return air duct and the downstream mining unit, and the wind barrier is used to prevent the exhaust air generated in the mining unit from entering the downstream mining unit.

[0012] Preferably, local ventilators are respectively provided on one side of the coal transport chute close to the mining area transport lane and on one side of the filling chute close to the mining area auxiliary transport lane.

[0013] A safe and reasonably ventilated continuous mining and filling mining method, the mining steps include:

[0014] A return air duct is set in the first filling working face so that the return air duct divides the first filling working face into two mining units. Two groups of multi-machine excavators are arranged in the coal conveyor chute. The two multi-machine excavators operate simultaneously to mine the two mining units.

[0015] Several mining units are operated in parallel by excavating one branch tunnel while filling another;

[0016] During the construction of branch tunnels by the tunnel boring machine in the mining unit, local fans are used for ventilation before the branch tunnels are excavated and filled into the drift. After the branch tunnels are excavated, full negative pressure ventilation is used.

[0017] Preferably, after the mining of the first filling working face is completed, the return air chute is used as the filling chute of the second filling working face, and no additional tunnels need to be excavated.

[0018] Preferably, each branch tunnel is excavated and mined using a fully mechanized tunneling machine or a continuous mining machine, and branch tunnel support roofs are left at intervals in the branch tunnel.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0020] 1. A return air duct is installed within the filling working face, dividing it into two independent ventilation units. While sharing a common transport and filling system, two tunnel boring machines can operate simultaneously, improving production efficiency and resolving the issue of low output and limited scalability of continuous mining and filling.

[0021] 2. Since the coal transport chute and the filling chute are both in the air intake state, that is, the upper and lower tunnels of the excavation working face are both in the air intake flow, which effectively improves the working environment.

[0022] 3. Since the gas in the goaf can flow into the return air chute, the hidden danger of gas exceeding the limit in the upper corner of the mining working face is solved.

[0023] 4. The backfill mining method has its own function of retaining tunnels along the goaf, which can improve the recovery rate of the mining area and reduce the excavation rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the working face and tunnel arrangement of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section layout of the return air duct;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cut-eye section layout;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tunnel layout when mining the second filling surface according to the present invention;

[0029] Among them, 1. Return air tunnel in mining area; 2. Transport tunnel in mining area; 3. Auxiliary transport tunnel in mining area; 4. Coal transport chute; 5. Filling chute; 6. Cutting eye; 7. Return air chute; 8. Return air duct; 9. First filling working face; 10. First mining unit; 11. Second mining unit; 12. Second filling working face; 13. Local ventilation fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Example 1:

[0033] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3 The present invention provides a safe and reasonable ventilation continuous mining and filling mining system, comprising:

[0034] The coal conveying chute 4, the filling chute 5 and the cut-hole 6, both ends of the cut-hole 6 are connected to one end of the coal conveying chute 4 and the filling chute 5 respectively, the coal conveying chute 4 and the filling chute 5 are air-intaken, and the coal conveying chute 4, the filling chute 5 and the cut-hole 6 form a first filling working face 9;

[0035] The return air chute 7 has one end connected to the cut hole 6. The return air chute 7 is used to return air. A second filling working face 12 is formed between the return air chute 7 and the filling chute 5. The first filling working face 9 and the second filling working face 12 are mined in sequence.

[0036] The return air duct 8 has two ends connected to the side walls of the coal conveying chute 4 and the side walls of the return air chute 7 respectively. The return air duct 8 divides the first filling working face 9 and the second filling working face 12 into two groups of mining units.

[0037] The main function of the return air chute 7 is to lead out the exhaust air generated during the mining process of each mining unit. The return air chute 7 returns air, and the coal transport chute 4 and the filling chute 5 are both for air intake, and form an E-type ventilation mode with the cut eye 6; the main function of the return air duct 8 is to divide the first filling working face 9 and the second filling working face 12 into independent ventilation units, so that each mining unit forms an independent ventilation system. On the whole, the present invention can divide the filling working face into two independent ventilation units, so that the two fully automatic tunneling machines form their own independent ventilation systems, and on the premise of sharing a set of transportation system and filling system, improve production efficiency, thereby solving the problem of low output and difficulty in promotion of continuous mining and filling; at the same time, the upper and lower lanes of the working face can be placed in the air intake flow, which improves the working environment and solves the hidden danger of excessive gas in the corner of the mining working face.

[0038] To further optimize the plan, the end of the coal transport chute 4 away from the cutting eye 6 is connected to the mining area transport tunnel 2, the end of the filling chute 5 away from the cutting eye 6 is connected to the mining area auxiliary transport tunnel 3, and the end of the return air chute 7 away from the cutting eye 6 is connected to the mining area return air tunnel 1.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the mining area return air tunnel 1, the mining area transport tunnel 2, and the mining area auxiliary transport tunnel 3 together constitute the mining area's raw coal transportation, material (including filling material) transportation, pedestrians, and air supply and return production systems.

[0040] To further optimize the solution, an air bridge is used to connect the return air duct 8 and the filling drift 5, and the exhaust air generated by the mining unit enters the return air duct 8 through the air bridge.

[0041] like Figure 1As shown, taking an example in which a return air duct 8 divides the first filling working face 9 into a first mining unit 10 and a second mining unit 11, the exhaust air generated by the excavation of the tunnel boring machine in the first mining unit 10 enters the return air chute 7 through the wind bridge to ensure that it will not enter the filling chute 5, thereby avoiding the mining work of the first mining unit 10 affecting the ventilation of the second mining unit.

[0042] To further optimize the solution, a wind barrier is provided between the first return air duct 8 and the downstream mining unit, and the wind barrier is used to prevent the exhaust air generated in the mining unit from entering the downstream mining unit.

[0043] By adopting wind barrier isolation, the exhaust air generated by the excavation of the first multi-purpose tunnel boring machine will not enter the construction area of ​​the second multi-purpose tunnel boring machine, thus realizing independent ventilation of the two mining units.

[0044] To further optimize the solution, local ventilators 13 are respectively provided on one side of the coal transport chute 4 close to the mining area transport tunnel 2 and on one side of the filling chute 5 close to the mining area auxiliary transport tunnel 3.

[0045] The local ventilators 13 are all installed in the fresh air flow of the working face close to the mining area transport tunnel or the mining area auxiliary transport tunnel.

[0046] A safe and reasonably ventilated continuous mining and filling mining method, the mining steps include:

[0047] During actual mining, the first filling working face 9 and the second filling working face 12 are produced successively, and the two working faces are not allowed to produce at the same time.

[0048] A return air duct 8 is provided in the first filling working face 9 so as to divide the first filling working face 9 into two mining units. Two fully automatic tunneling machines are arranged in the coal conveying chute 4, and the two fully automatic tunneling machines operate simultaneously to mine the two mining units.

[0049] As Figure 1 Taking the structure shown as an example, two tunnel boring machines are arranged at reasonable intervals in the coal conveying chute 4 to work simultaneously. The first tunnel boring machine works in the first mining unit 10, and the second tunnel boring machine works in the second mining unit 11.

[0050] In the middle of the filling working face, between the two tunnel boring machines, a return air duct 8 is dug so that the two tunnel boring machines form their own independent ventilation systems.

[0051] The fresh air flow can flow through the upper and lower tunnels of the working faces of the first mining unit 10 and the second mining unit 11 through the coal transport chute 4 and the filling chute 5, and the exhaust air generated during the excavation of the first mining unit 10 can enter the return air chute 7 through the wind bridge and the return air duct 8. At the same time, the exhaust air generated during the excavation of the second mining unit 11 can enter the return air chute 7 through the cut eye 6, and finally the generated exhaust air can be discharged through the return air tunnel 1 of the mining area.

[0052] Several mining units are operated in parallel by excavating one branch tunnel while filling another;

[0053] After the excavation of any branch tunnel is completed, the branch tunnel will be blocked and filled to ensure that the filling body is used to protect the remaining branch tunnel and the filling body meets the strength requirements.

[0054] The present invention employs a jump-back mining method, whereby odd-numbered side lanes are mined first, starting from the six cuts and eight return air ducts, from the inside out. That is, the odd-numbered side lanes are mined sequentially from the six cuts and eight return air ducts, from the inside out, in the order ①, ③, ⑤, ..., leaving the even-numbered side lanes. Once the mined odd-numbered side lanes are filled and the fillings stabilize, the even-numbered side lanes are mined sequentially from the inside out. That is, the even-numbered side lanes are mined sequentially from the six cuts and eight return air ducts, from the inside out, in the order ②, ④, ⑥, ..., until the entire working face is mined and filled, achieving full coal resource recovery.

[0055] During the construction of branch tunnels by the tunnel boring machine in the mining unit, local ventilators 13 are used for ventilation before the branch tunnels are excavated through and filled with the drift 5. After the branch tunnels are excavated through, full negative pressure ventilation is used.

[0056] To further optimize the solution, after the first filling working face 9 is mined, the return air chute 7 is used as the filling chute 5 of the second filling working face 12, and no additional tunnels need to be excavated.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, when mining the second filling working face 12, the return air chute 7 used when mining the first filling working face 9 is now used as the filling chute 5, the filling chute 5 is now used as the coal transport chute 4, and the coal transport chute 4 is now used as the return air chute 7. There is no need to excavate tunnels before construction can be carried out. While ensuring ventilation effect and mining efficiency, the mining cost is further reduced.

[0058] To further optimize the plan, each branch tunnel will be mined using a fully automatic tunneling machine or a continuous miner, and branch tunnel support roofs will be left at intervals within the branch tunnel.

[0059] The one-step optimization plan uses backfill to protect the remaining branch tunnels, and then conducts secondary mining after the backfill reaches the strength requirements, until the entire working face is mined and backfilled, realizing the full recovery of coal resources.

[0060] Example 2:

[0061] like Figure 4 As shown, the first filling working face 9 and the second filling working face 12 are similarly constructed. When the second filling working face 12 is mined, the third filling working face is excavated in advance to provide a dedicated return air duct 8 for the second filling working face 12.

[0062] The above process is repeated in sequence, thereby realizing mining in the direction of the auxiliary transport tunnel 3 of the mining area.

[0063] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0064] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by persons skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A safe and reasonably ventilated continuous mining and filling system, characterized by: include: A coal conveying chute (4), a filling chute (5) and a cut-hole (6), both ends of the cut-hole (6) are respectively connected to one end of the coal conveying chute (4) and the filling chute (5), the coal conveying chute (4) and the filling chute (5) are air-intaken, and the coal conveying chute (4), the filling chute (5) and the cut-hole (6) form a first filling working surface (9); A return air chute (7), one end of which is in communication with the cut hole (6), the return air chute (7) is used for returning air, a second filling working face (12) is formed between the return air chute (7) and the filling chute (5), and the first filling working face (9) and the second filling working face (12) are mined in sequence; A return air duct (8), the two ends of which are respectively connected to the coal conveying chute (4) and the return air chute (7), and the return air duct (8) divides the first filling working face (9) and the second filling working face (12) into two groups of mining units; The return air chute (7) returns air, the coal transport chute (4) and the filling chute (5) are all inlet air, and form an E-type ventilation mode with the cut eye (6); A safe and reasonably ventilated continuous mining and filling mining method, the mining steps include: A return air duct (8) is provided in the first filling working face (9), so that the return air duct (8) divides the first filling working face (9) into two groups of mining units, and two fully automatic excavators are arranged in the coal conveying chute (4). The two fully automatic excavators operate simultaneously to mine the two groups of mining units; In the mining unit, parallel operations are carried out by excavating one branch tunnel and filling the other branch tunnel; During the construction of the branch tunnel by the tunnel boring machine in the mining unit, before the branch tunnel is excavated through and the filling channel (5) is filled, a local ventilator (13) is used for ventilation. After the branch tunnel is excavated through, full negative pressure ventilation is used. After the first filling working face (9) is mined, the return air chute (7) serves as the filling chute (5) of the second filling working face (12), and no additional tunneling is required; The end of the coal transport chute (4) away from the cut hole (6) is connected to the mining area transport lane (2), the end of the filling chute (5) away from the cut hole (6) is connected to the mining area auxiliary transport lane (3), and the end of the return air chute (7) away from the cut hole (6) is connected to the mining area return air lane (1); The return air duct (8) and the filling chute (5) are connected by an air bridge, and the exhaust air generated by the mining unit enters the return air duct (8) through the air bridge.

2. A safe and rationally ventilated continuous mining and filling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wind barrier is provided between the return air duct (8) and the downstream mining unit, and the wind barrier is used to prevent the exhaust air generated in the mining unit from entering the downstream mining unit.

3. The safe and rationally ventilated continuous mining and filling system according to claim 2 is characterized by: Local ventilators (13) are respectively provided on one side of the coal transport chute (4) close to the mining area transport lane (2) and on one side of the filling chute (5) close to the mining area auxiliary transport lane (3).

4. The safe and rationally ventilated continuous mining and filling system according to claim 1 is characterized by: Each branch tunnel is mined by a fully automatic tunneling machine or a continuous mining machine, and branch tunnels are left at intervals in the branch tunnel to support the roof.

Images