A centering positioning device, its application, and a positioning method

Abstract

This invention discloses a centering and positioning device, its application, and a positioning method, which solves the problems of inaccurate centering and low adjustment efficiency when installing multiple parts to be positioned in the prior art. It has the beneficial effects of convenient operation and convenient centering adjustment. The specific solution is as follows: A centering and positioning device includes a main support frame that can be suspended. The main support frame is provided with connecting members that can engage with the parts to be positioned. The connecting members correspond one-to-one with the parts to be positioned. The main support frame supports an adjustment mechanism and a pair of detection mechanisms. Each detection mechanism is arranged opposite to the two ends of the main support frame. The adjustment mechanism is connected to the two detection mechanisms respectively. The detection mechanisms are set through the ends of the crossbeams. The adjustment mechanism moves to drive the detection mechanisms to move relative to the main support frame, so that the two detection mechanisms move simultaneously and in opposite directions to gradually approach the corresponding side fixed members, so as to obtain the gap between the detection mechanisms and the fixed members.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail transit, and in particular to a centering positioning device, its application, and a positioning method. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] In the field of rail transit, there are wheelsets with built-in axle box structures. During assembly, the axle boxes on both sides are first installed, and then the wheels on both sides are installed on the outside of the axle boxes. Multiple primary springs need to be installed at the axle box mounting seats. Usually, two primary springs are installed on each side of the axle box mounting seat. The inventors have found that, although the position of the primary springs can be initially positioned at the axle box mounting seats during the assembly of the primary springs, there are certain difficulties in centering and positioning the four primary springs at the axle box mounting seats of the same wheel. In the prior art, in order to achieve the centering of the four primary springs, it is necessary to measure the distance between the primary springs and the distance between the primary springs and the wheel multiple times. Based on the measurement results, the installation position of the primary springs on the axle box mounting seats is adjusted to achieve the initial centering of the primary springs. However, in most cases, the primary springs are only initially installed, and the centering accuracy is low, which leads to the need for repeated adjustments to the installation position of the primary springs. Thus, the centering and installation of primary springs in the prior art suffers from low installation accuracy and low installation efficiency.

[0004] Of course, in the prior art, other parts to be positioned, such as a middle part, have multiple parts to be positioned on both sides. These multiple parts to be positioned need to be aligned and positioned at the same time, and the alignment and positioning problem mentioned above also exists. In the prior art, the alignment and positioning of most parts to be positioned can only be achieved by repeated manual measurement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the first objective of the present invention is to provide a centering and positioning device that can achieve accurate centering of multiple parts to be positioned relatively quickly.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0007] A centering and positioning device includes a main support frame that can be suspended. The main support frame is provided with connecting members that can engage with the part to be positioned. Each connecting member corresponds to a part to be positioned. The main support frame supports an adjustment mechanism and a pair of detection mechanisms. Each detection mechanism is arranged opposite to the two ends of the main support frame. The adjustment mechanism is connected to the two detection mechanisms respectively. The detection mechanisms are disposed through the ends of a crossbeam. The adjustment mechanism moves to drive the detection mechanisms to move relative to the main support frame, so that the two detection mechanisms move simultaneously and in opposite directions to gradually approach the corresponding side fixing members, so as to obtain the gap between the detection mechanisms and the fixing members. The position of the part to be positioned is adjusted according to the size of the gap on both sides to achieve centering and positioning of the part to be positioned.

[0008] As described above, the centering and positioning device, considering space limitations and for ease of operation, achieves the reverse movement of the detection mechanisms on both sides by rotating an adjustment mechanism. The adjustment mechanism is connected to the detection mechanism through a transmission mechanism.

[0009] The adjustment mechanism is connected to the transmission mechanism via a gear transmission component. While rotating, the adjustment mechanism can move up and down and drive the transmission mechanism to rotate. The transmission mechanism is connected to the detection mechanism. The transmission mechanism drives the detection mechanism to rotate while achieving linear motion. By rotating the adjustment mechanism, the transmission mechanism is driven to rotate via the gear transmission component. The detection mechanism is connected to the transmission mechanism, thus enabling the detection mechanism to move relative to the main support frame.

[0010] As described above, the centering and positioning device includes an adjusting screw. The adjusting screw rotates relative to the main support frame and moves up and down. The bottom of the adjusting screw is provided with a gear transmission component, which is connected to the transmission mechanism. Thus, the adjusting screw moves to drive the transmission mechanism and the detection mechanism on both sides to move inward and outward.

[0011] The first lead screw bearing is set in the circumferential direction of the adjusting lead screw. The inner ring of the first lead screw bearing is engaged with the adjusting lead screw, and the outer ring of the first lead screw bearing is installed on the first bearing seat. The first bearing seat is fixed to the main support frame. The adjusting lead screw rotates relative to the main support frame. Because the first bearing seat is fixed to the main support frame, the adjusting lead screw can move up and down while rotating.

[0012] As described above, in a centering and positioning device, the transmission mechanism includes a transmission screw, a limiting seat is arranged circumferentially on the transmission screw, the limiting seat is connected to the main support frame, and the transmission screw is rotatable relative to the limiting seat.

[0013] The transmission screw is circumferentially engaged with the inner ring of the second screw bearing, and the outer ring of the second screw bearing is mounted on the second bearing seat. The second bearing seat is located on both sides of the limiting seat, allowing the transmission screw to rotate relative to the limiting seat. The transmission screw is connected to the limiting seat through the second screw bearing, and the limiting seat is connected to the main support frame. Thus, the limiting seat, which is thus restricted, allows the transmission screw to move linearly relative to the limiting seat while the transmission screw rotates.

[0014] The two transmission mechanisms are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the main support frame in the width direction.

[0015] As described above, in order to ensure the coordination between the adjustment mechanism and the transmission mechanism during the movement of the detection mechanism, the gear transmission component includes a first bevel gear fixed to the end of the adjustment screw and a second bevel gear fixed to the end of the transmission screw. The first gear meshes with two second bevel gears respectively, and the two second bevel gears are arranged opposite each other to drive the corresponding transmission mechanisms to rotate.

[0016] As described above, in a centering and positioning device, the detection mechanism includes a measuring rod, which is fixedly connected to the end of the transmission mechanism. A guide seat is arranged circumferentially on the measuring rod, and the guide seat is connected to a limiting block. The limiting block is fixed to the end of the main support frame, and one end of the measuring rod extending beyond the guide seat is connected to a measuring head. The limiting block is fixed, and the measuring rod rotates while moving linearly relative to the limiting block under the drive of the transmission mechanism. The guide seat guides the movement of the measuring rod.

[0017] The two detection mechanisms are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the main support frame in the width direction to ensure the accuracy of the alignment of the part to be positioned.

[0018] As described above, in a centering and positioning device, the measuring head includes a connecting rod, one end of which is engaged with the measuring rod, and the other end of which is provided with a measuring end head that is adapted to the inner surface of the wheel rim.

[0019] As described above, in a centering and positioning device, the main support frame includes a crossbeam, with support columns at both ends of the crossbeam and the connecting component at the bottom of the support columns.

[0020] To ensure a stable connection between the support column and the connecting component, the bottom of the support column is engaged with the connecting component.

[0021] As described above, in a centering and positioning device, the interior of the crossbeam is hollow, and a mounting plate is provided on the top of the crossbeam. The mounting plate is detachably connected to a fixed base, and the fixed base supports the adjustment mechanism. The adjustment mechanism passes through the opening in the mounting plate and enters the interior of the crossbeam.

[0022] Lifting rings are installed at the top of the crossbeam for lifting and transporting the crossbeam, facilitating the rapid removal of the entire beam.

[0023] As described above, in a centering and positioning device, the support column is inclined outward relative to the longitudinal central axis of the crossbeam, so that the crossbeam structure is not too large, which is beneficial to control the weight of the main support frame and make the distance between two adjacent connecting members match the distance of the part to be positioned.

[0024] Along the width direction of the main support frame, the distance between the two support columns at one end of the crossbeam is greater than the width of the crossbeam.

[0025] As described above, in a centering and positioning device, the connecting member includes a support block, and a boss is provided at one end of the support block away from the main support frame. The diameter of the boss is adapted to the diameter of the groove on the top of the part to be positioned, so that the boss engages with the part to be positioned.

[0026] Secondly, the present invention discloses an application of a centering and positioning device, which is used for centering and positioning the primary spring of the built-in axle box in a rail transit vehicle body. The fixing component is the wheel rim. The centering and positioning of the primary spring is achieved by obtaining the gap between the detection mechanisms on both sides and the inner side of the top side of the corresponding wheel rim.

[0027] Thirdly, the present invention also provides a method for centering and positioning a built-in axle box primary spring, employing the aforementioned centering and positioning device, comprising the following:

[0028] The bottom of the main support frame is provided with connecting components, the number of which corresponds one-to-one with the top of the primary spring. The main support frame supports the adjustment mechanism and the detection mechanism. The detection mechanism is installed through the end of the crossbeam and is movable relative to the crossbeam.

[0029] The main support frame is hoisted up, and the connecting components at the bottom of the main support frame are engaged with the top of a series of springs.

[0030] Adjust the mechanism to move the detection mechanism relative to the main support frame, so that the two detection mechanisms move simultaneously and in opposite directions to gradually approach the inner side of the corresponding wheel rim, so as to obtain the gap between the detection mechanism and the inner side of the top side of the wheel rim.

[0031] If the gaps between the detection mechanisms on both sides and the inner side of the corresponding wheel rim are the same, it indicates that the primary spring has been aligned.

[0032] If the gaps on both sides are different, adjust the position of the primary spring on the axle box mounting base so that the primary spring and the centering positioning device move as a whole to the side with the larger gap, and measure the gap values ​​on both sides again until the gaps on both sides are the same, thereby achieving the purpose of precise centering of the primary spring relative to the wheels on both sides.

[0033] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0034] 1) The positioning device of the present invention includes a main support frame, which can be suspended. The connecting component can engage with the part to be positioned. The adjustment mechanism is connected to two detection mechanisms respectively. The detection mechanism is set through the end of the crossbeam. The adjustment mechanism moves to drive the detection mechanism to move relative to the main support frame, so that the two detection mechanisms move simultaneously and in opposite directions to gradually approach the corresponding side fixing component, so as to obtain the gap between the detection mechanism and the corresponding side fixing component. The size of the gap on both sides is used to determine whether the multiple parts to be positioned are aligned. If the gaps on both sides are the same, it indicates that they are aligned. If they are not aligned, quick adjustment can also be achieved. The whole device can quickly adjust the alignment of multiple parts to be positioned at the same time and ensure the accuracy of the alignment of multiple parts to be positioned.

[0035] 2) Considering space limitations, this invention is designed to allow the adjustment mechanism to rotate for easy operation by staff. The transmission mechanisms on both sides are controlled by gear transmission components. Rotating the adjustment mechanism drives the transmission mechanism to rotate through the gear transmission components, thereby enabling the detection mechanism to move relative to the end of the crossbeam.

[0036] 3) The transmission mechanism in this invention has a reasonable structure. It can not only connect with the main support frame, but also rotate relative to the main support frame. It can also connect with one end of the measuring rod. The transmission mechanism as a whole forms a screw and nut structure, and the limit seat is fixed, so that the transmission screw can drive the measuring rod to rotate and achieve linear motion while rotating.

[0037] 4) The adjustment mechanism in this invention has a reasonable structure. The adjustment mechanism is installed on the main support frame through a fixed seat. It is detachable from the mounting plate, which can realize the connection or disassembly of the adjustment mechanism and the mounting plate, thereby realizing quick maintenance. The adjustment mechanism as a whole forms a screw and nut structure. The first bearing seat is limited, so that the adjustment screw can move up and down while rotating.

[0038] 5) The main support frame structure of the present invention is reasonably designed. The hollow crossbeam can support the adjustment mechanism, transmission mechanism and detection mechanism. The bottom of the support column can be connected to the connecting component to achieve engagement with the part to be positioned.

[0039] 6) When the adjustment mechanism, transmission mechanism, and detection mechanism of this invention are installed on the crossbeam, they can be quickly assembled from multiple parts, which is conducive to quick disassembly and assembly. The crossbeam is also equipped with a lifting ring to realize the overall rapid transfer. The overall structure is reasonably set, and the crossbeam can be placed on the upper side of the middle component (axle box) without interfering with the middle component. It can convert the up and down rotational motion of the adjustment mechanism into the rotational motion and linear motion of the transmission mechanism, and then into the change of the gap between the detection mechanism and the corresponding side fixed component, such as the inner side of the wheel rim. The whole can achieve fine adjustment with higher adjustment accuracy.

[0040] 7) The centering method provided by this invention utilizes the precise dimensional characteristics of the wheel set's axle box and wheel position. It employs a symmetrical centering and positioning device, in which the connecting component of the centering and positioning device is engaged with the top of the corresponding primary spring. By adjusting the rotation of the mechanism, the transmission mechanism and the detection mechanism are driven to move outward or inward in the horizontal direction, thereby controlling the gap between the detection mechanism and the inner side of the wheel rims on both sides, and appropriately adjusting the position of the primary spring on the axle box, thus achieving the purpose of precise centering of the four primary springs relative to the wheels on both sides. Attached Figure Description

[0041] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a centering and positioning device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a centering and positioning device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main support frame in a centering and positioning device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a connecting member in a centering and positioning device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an adjustment mechanism in a centering and positioning device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism in a centering and positioning device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the detection mechanism in a centering and positioning device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0049] The diagram exaggerates the spacing or dimensions between parts to show their positions; the diagram is for illustrative purposes only.

[0050] The components include: 1. Main support frame; 2. Connecting components; 3. Adjustment mechanism; 4. Transmission mechanism; 5. Detection mechanism.

[0051] 1-1. Support column, 1-2. Crossbeam, 1-3. Reinforcing rib, 1-4. Fixing seat, 1-5. Lifting ring, 1-6. Mounting plate;

[0052] 2-1. Support block; 2-2. Boss;

[0053] 3-1. Adjust the lead screw; 3-2. Rotate the handle; 3-3. First bearing seat; 3-4. First lead screw bearing; 3-5. First bevel gear;

[0054] 4-1. Lead screw; 4-2. Second bearing housing; 4-3. Second lead screw bearing; 4-4. Limiting seat; 4-5. Second bevel gear;

[0055] 5-1. Measuring rod; 5-2. Guide seat; 5-3. Limiting block; 5-4. Measuring head;

[0056] 5-41. Measuring end; 5-42. Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0057] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0058] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, unless otherwise expressly indicated by the invention, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0059] As described in the background section, existing technologies for wheelsets with built-in axle box structures suffer from low efficiency due to the inability to center and adjust multiple primary springs installed at the axle box mounting base. To address these technical problems, this invention proposes a centering and positioning device.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, a centering and positioning device includes a main support frame 1, which can be suspended. The main support frame is provided with a connecting member 2, which can engage with the top of the part to be positioned. The connecting member corresponds one-to-one with the part to be positioned. The main support frame 1 supports an adjustment mechanism, a pair of transmission mechanisms, and a pair of detection mechanisms. Each detection mechanism 5 is arranged opposite to both ends of the main support frame. The adjustment mechanism 3 is connected to the two transmission mechanisms, and the two transmission mechanisms are connected to the corresponding detection mechanisms. The detection mechanisms are set through the ends of the crossbeams. The adjustment mechanism moves to drive the transmission mechanisms and detection mechanisms to move relative to the main support frame, so that the two detection mechanisms move simultaneously and in opposite directions to gradually approach the corresponding side fixed members, so as to obtain the gap between the detection mechanism and the fixed members.

[0062] In this embodiment, the component to be positioned is the built-in axle box primary spring, and the fixing component is the wheel rim. Since the position dimensions of the axle box and the wheel on the wheelset are fixed and the dimensions are relatively precise, a symmetrical centering and positioning device is adopted.

[0063] Considering space limitations and for ease of operation, the opposing movement of the transmission and detection mechanisms on both sides is achieved by rotating the adjustment mechanism. The adjustment mechanism is connected to the detection mechanism through the transmission mechanism.

[0064] In this embodiment, the adjustment mechanism is connected to the transmission mechanism through a gear transmission component. While rotating, the adjustment mechanism can move up and down and drive the transmission mechanism to rotate. The transmission mechanism is connected to the detection mechanism. While driving the detection mechanism to rotate, the transmission mechanism can achieve linear motion. By rotating the adjustment mechanism, the transmission mechanism is driven to rotate through the gear transmission component. The detection mechanism is connected to the transmission mechanism, thus enabling the detection mechanism to move relative to the main support frame.

[0065] Among them, the main support frame 1 is the main body of the positioning device, which is used to connect and fix 4 sets of connecting components 2, 1 set of adjustment mechanism 3, 2 sets of transmission mechanism 4 and 2 sets of detection mechanism 5.

[0066] refer to Figure 3 As shown, the main support frame 1 includes support columns 1-1, crossbeams 1-2, reinforcing ribs 1-3, fixing seats 1-4, lifting rings 1-5, and mounting plates 1-6. The crossbeam has a relatively long length, and two support columns 1-1 are set at each end of the crossbeam. Considering that the crossbeam needs to be set above the axle box, the support columns need to be connected to the connecting components. The connecting components cooperate with a primary spring. The primary spring is set below the top of the axle box, and the bottom of the support column is set below the crossbeam to avoid interference between the crossbeam and the axle box. The support columns are inclined outward relative to the crossbeam. The two support columns on the ends of the crossbeam are arranged in a V-shape. The bottom of the support columns is connected to the corresponding connecting components 2. The four connecting components are located on the same plane, and the connecting components play a connecting and positioning role. The support columns 1-1 are set on the side of the crossbeam and connected to the crossbeam 1-2.

[0067] It is easy to understand that the longitudinal section of the middle section of the crossbeam 1-2 is U-shaped, and the top of the crossbeam is equipped with a fixing seat 1-4 for the adjustment mechanism 3. The fixing seat 1-4 serves to fix the adjustment structure 3 and is also a tooling maintenance port.

[0068] Specifically, the fixed seat 1-4 is gantry-shaped, with an opening at the top for the adjustment mechanism 3 to pass through. The fixed seat is internally connected to the bearing seat of the adjustment mechanism 3. A mounting plate is fixed at the top of the crossbeam. The width of the mounting plate 1-6 is greater than the width of the hollow part of the crossbeam so that the mounting plate can be fixed to the top of the crossbeam. The width of the mounting plate is less than the span of the gantry-shaped fixed seat. The gantry-shaped fixed seat and the mounting plate are detachably connected, thus fixing the fixed seat. The mounting plate has an opening for the adjustment mechanism to pass through and cooperate with the transmission mechanism. When maintenance is required, the bolts between the fixed seat 1-4 and the mounting plate 1-6 can be removed, and the fixed seat 1-4 and the adjustment mechanism 3 can be removed as a whole, allowing the internal structure of the crossbeam to be observed from above.

[0069] Considering the overall installation, the transmission mechanism and detection mechanism are first installed in the hollow part of the crossbeam. A mounting plate is set on the top of the crossbeam. The mounting plate is connected to the limit seat of the transmission mechanism. The adjustment mechanism is installed through the fixed seat. Finally, the fixed seat is connected to the mounting plate. The mounting plate 1-6 has a hole in the middle and is connected to the side of the fixed seat.

[0070] Among them, reinforcing ribs 1-3 are provided between the two support columns on the end side of the crossbeam and between support column 1-1 and crossbeam 1-2. Reinforcing ribs 1-3 can be reinforcing plates.

[0071] In addition, multiple lifting rings, such as two lifting rings 1-5, are provided on the upper part of the crossbeam 1-2. The lifting rings 1-5 are located on both sides of the mounting plate. A top plate is fixed at the position where the lifting rings are located on the top of the crossbeam for the overall lifting of the tooling. The lifting rings are located on both sides of the disassembly fixing seat.

[0072] refer to Figure 4 As shown, the connecting member 2 is engaged with the bottom end of the support column. In this embodiment, the upper surface of the connecting member is provided with a protrusion, and the bottom of the support column is provided with a concave part. The protrusion and the concave part are engaged, and the central axis of the support column coincides with the central axis of the connecting member.

[0073] Specifically, the connecting component 2 includes a support block 2-1 with a circular cross-section. A boss 2-2 is provided on the lower surface of the support block 2-1. The diameter of the boss is smaller than the inner diameter of the groove of the primary spring (the primary spring includes a spring, a metal seat is provided on the top of the spring, and the metal seat has a groove). The diameter of the boss 2-2 is adapted to the inner diameter of the groove of the primary spring, so that the boss can be inserted into the top of the primary spring. A positioning step is formed between the periphery of the boss and the support block to cooperate with the top of the primary spring. In addition, the boss can be selected as a conical structure to facilitate the quick installation of the connecting component. The boss and the groove at the top of the primary spring are fitted with a clearance fit, and the connecting component plays a precise positioning role for the primary spring.

[0074] refer to Figure 5 As shown, the adjustment mechanism 3 includes an adjustment screw 3-1, a rotary handle 3-2, a first bearing seat 3-3, a first screw bearing 3-4, and a first bevel gear 3-5. The adjustment mechanism connects the upper rotary handle 3-2, the two sets of first screw bearings 3-4 in the middle, and the lower first bevel gear 3-5 into a whole through the adjustment screw 3-1. The inner rings of the two sets of first screw bearings 3-4 are fitted together with the adjustment screw 3-1, and the two sets of first screw bearings are spaced apart. The outer rings of the two sets of first screw bearings 3-4 are installed on the upper and lower sets of first bearing seats 3-3. On the upper part, two first bearing seats 3-3 are fixed at the fixed seat 1-4 of the main support frame 1. The lead screw bearing 3-4 plays a guiding and positioning role for the adjusting lead screw 3-1. The adjusting lead screw as a whole forms a lead screw nut structure. When working, by rotating the handle 3-2 clockwise or counterclockwise, because the first bearing seat is fixed to the fixed seat, the adjusting lead screw can move up and down while rotating, which drives the adjusting lead screw 3-1 connected to it and the lower first bevel gear 3-5 to rotate, thereby driving the transmission mechanism to rotate, and finally driving the detection mechanism to move linearly relative to the crossbeam.

[0075] It is easy to understand that the rotating handle 3-2 is a ring-shaped part, and the rotating handle is equipped with an operating lever to facilitate the rotation of the rotating handle.

[0076] It should be explained that the interior of crossbeam 1-2 is hollow, and a transmission mechanism is installed inside the crossbeam. There are two sets of transmission mechanisms, symmetrically arranged about the centerline of the crossbeam's width direction. (Refer to...) Figure 6As shown, the two sets of transmission mechanisms 4 are respectively matched with the corresponding adjustment mechanisms 3. The transmission mechanism includes a transmission screw 4-1, and the central axes of the two transmission screws are coaxially arranged. Each transmission screw 4-1 connects the second bearing seat 4-2, the second screw bearing 4-3, the limit seat 4-4, and the second bevel gear 4-5 on the same side. Each transmission screw 4-1 is fitted with the inner ring of the two sets of second screw bearings 4-3 on the same side. The second screw bearings 4-3 play a guiding and positioning role for the transmission screw 4-1. The outer rings of the two sets of second screw bearings 4-3 are installed on the two sets of second bearing seats 4-2 on the left and right sides of the limit seat 4-4. The limit seat 4-4 is installed at the mounting plate of the main support frame crossbeam 1-2. A second bevel gear 4-5 is installed at the end of each transmission screw 4-1 near the adjustment mechanism. The two second bevel gears 4-5 mesh with the first bevel gear 3-5 of the adjustment mechanism 3 at the same time.

[0077] It should be noted that the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear constitute a gear transmission component.

[0078] In this embodiment, the longitudinal section of the limiting seat 4-4 is T-shaped, and a flat plate is provided on the top of the limiting seat. The flat plate is used to fix the mounting plate. The flat plate is connected to the connecting section. The connecting section is sleeved around the transmission screw. Second bearing seats 4-2 are respectively provided on both sides of the connecting section of the limiting seat and fixed thereto.

[0079] The transmission mechanism forms a lead screw and nut structure. When the first bevel gear 3-5 of the adjusting mechanism 3 rotates downward, it drives the second bevel gears 4-5 on both sides of the transmission mechanism 4 to rotate outward. Because the limit seat is fixed, the transmission lead screw can move while rotating, thereby driving the detection mechanism 5 to move outward. Conversely, when the first bevel gear 3-5 of the adjusting mechanism 3 rotates upward, it drives the second bevel gears 4-5 on both sides of the transmission mechanism 4 to rotate inward, thereby driving the detection mechanism 5 to move inward.

[0080] refer to Figure 7 As shown, the detection mechanism 5 includes a measuring rod 5-1, a guide seat 5-2, a limiting block 5-3, and a measuring head 5-4. Each measuring rod 5-1 connects the components on the same side, namely the guide seat 5-2, the limiting block 5-3, and the measuring head 5-4. One end of the measuring rod 5-1 is connected to the transmission screw 4-1 of the transmission mechanism 4. The measuring rod and the transmission screw are coaxially arranged. The guide seat 5-2 is fitted onto the measuring rod 5-1. The measuring rod 5-1 and the guide seat 5-2 are clearance-fitted so that the measuring rod is fixed to the end of the transmission mechanism. The guide seat 5-2 is installed on the limiting block 5-3. The limiting block 5-3 is installed at the end of the main support frame crossbeam 1-2. The guide seat 5-2 plays a guiding and positioning role for the measuring rod 5-1. The measuring head 5-4 is set at the end of the measuring rod away from the transmission screw 4-1.

[0081] Specifically, the transmission screw and the measuring rod can be engaged, or the end of the transmission screw is provided with a threaded hole and one end of the measuring rod is provided with an external thread, so that the measuring rod is also a screw. In this way, during the rotation of the transmission screw, the rotation and movement of the transmission screw will drive the rotation and movement of the measuring rod.

[0082] The longitudinal section of the guide seat is T-shaped. The guide seat includes a guide sleeve, one end of which is provided with an end plate. The limiting block 5-3 is fitted around the guide sleeve and fixedly connected to the end plate. A baffle is provided on the outside of the limiting block at the end of the crossbeam. The baffle is used to limit the limiting block. The baffle can be fixedly connected to the limiting block, so that the limiting block is fixed to the end of the crossbeam.

[0083] It needs to be explained that the end of the measuring rod away from the transmission lead screw is engaged with the measuring head. The measuring head includes a connecting rod 5-42. The end of the measuring rod away from the transmission lead screw is provided with a groove. One end of the connecting rod can be inserted into the groove of the measuring rod. The other end of the connecting rod is provided with a measuring end 5-41. The diameter of the measuring end 5-41 is larger than the diameter of the connecting rod. The measuring end has a set thickness and is adapted to the inner surface of the wheel rim.

[0084] In addition, a stage is set at the end of the connecting rod to facilitate the connecting rod being inserted into the groove of the measuring rod and to limit its movement.

[0085] During operation, the transmission screw 4-1 of the transmission mechanism 4 rotates and moves outward, driving the detection mechanism 5 to move outward until the measuring head 5-4 is close to the inner side of the wheel rim on the same side. Conversely, the transmission screw 4-1 of the transmission mechanism 4 rotates and moves inward, driving the detection mechanism 5 to move inward. At this time, the measuring head 5-4 is away from the inner side of the wheel rim on the same side.

[0086] It is easy to understand that in other examples, the part to be positioned can be other parts, and the corresponding side fixing member can be other members. As long as the dimensions between the device where the part to be positioned is located and the fixing member are precise, the device can be used to center and position multiple parts to be positioned in the same device.

[0087] Example 3

[0088] This embodiment discloses a centering and positioning method for a built-in axle box primary spring, which uses a centering and positioning device as described in Embodiment 1, and includes the following:

[0089] The bottom of the main support frame is provided with connecting components, the number of which corresponds one-to-one with the top of the primary spring. The main support frame supports the adjustment mechanism, the transmission mechanism and the detection mechanism. The first bevel gear of the adjustment mechanism meshes with the second bevel gear of the transmission mechanism. The detection mechanism is installed through the end of the crossbeam and is movable relative to the crossbeam.

[0090] Place the four primary springs onto the mounting bracket of the axle box;

[0091] The main support frame is hoisted, and the crossbeam is placed above the axle box. The connecting components at the bottom of the main support frame are engaged with the top of the primary springs, that is, the protrusions of the four connecting components are engaged with the tops of the four primary springs respectively.

[0092] The manual rotation adjustment mechanism rotates and moves downwards, driving the transmission mechanism to rotate and move outwards. This causes the detection mechanism to gradually approach the inner side of the wheel rim on the corresponding side. A gauge is used to check the gap between the detection mechanism and the inner side of the wheel rim. If the gaps on both sides are the same, the primary springs have been aligned. If the gaps on both sides are different, the position of the primary springs on the axle box mounting base needs to be slightly adjusted so that the primary springs and the alignment positioning device move as a whole to the side with the larger gap. The gap values ​​on both sides are measured again until the gaps on both sides are the same, thus achieving the goal of precise alignment of the four primary springs relative to the wheels on both sides.

[0093] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A centering and positioning device, characterized in that, The system includes a main support frame that can be suspended. The main support frame is equipped with connecting components that can engage with the part to be positioned. Each connecting component corresponds to a part to be positioned. The main support frame supports an adjustment mechanism and a pair of detection mechanisms. Each detection mechanism is positioned opposite to the other two ends of the main support frame. The adjustment mechanism is connected to the two detection mechanisms respectively. The detection mechanisms are installed through the ends of the crossbeams. The adjustment mechanism moves to move the detection mechanisms relative to the main support frame, so that the two detection mechanisms move simultaneously and in opposite directions to gradually approach the corresponding side fixing components. This allows the gap between the detection mechanisms and the fixing components to be obtained. The position of the part to be positioned is adjusted according to the size of the gap on both sides to achieve centering and positioning of the part to be positioned. The adjustment mechanism is connected to the detection mechanism via a transmission mechanism; the adjustment mechanism is connected to the transmission mechanism via a gear transmission component, and the adjustment mechanism can move up and down while rotating and drive the transmission mechanism to rotate. The transmission mechanism is connected to the detection mechanism, and the transmission mechanism drives the detection mechanism to rotate while achieving linear motion. The adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment screw, which rotates relative to the main support frame and moves up and down. The bottom of the adjustment screw is provided with the gear transmission component, which is connected to the transmission mechanism. The first lead screw bearing is set in the circumferential direction of the adjusting lead screw. The inner ring of the first lead screw bearing is fitted with the adjusting lead screw. The outer ring of the first lead screw bearing is installed on the first bearing seat. The first bearing seat is fixed at the main support frame. The transmission mechanism includes a transmission screw, a limiting seat circumferentially arranged on the transmission screw, the limiting seat being connected to the main support frame, and the transmission screw being rotatable relative to the limiting seat; the transmission screw circumferentially engages with the inner ring of a second screw bearing, the outer ring of the second screw bearing being mounted on a second bearing seat, the second bearing seat being arranged on both sides of the limiting seat, so that the transmission screw is rotatable relative to the limiting seat; the two transmission mechanisms are symmetrically arranged about the central axis in the width direction of the main support frame; The gear transmission component includes a first bevel gear fixed to the end of the adjusting screw and a second bevel gear fixed to the end of the transmission screw, wherein the first gear meshes with two second bevel gears respectively.

2. The centering and positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection mechanism includes a measuring rod, which is fixedly connected to the end of the transmission mechanism. A guide seat is provided around the measuring rod, and the guide seat is connected to a limiting block. The limiting block is fixed to the end of the main support frame, and the end of the measuring rod that extends beyond the guide seat is connected to the measuring head. The two detection mechanisms are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the main support frame in the width direction.

3. The centering and positioning device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The measuring head includes a connecting rod, one end of which is engaged with the measuring rod, and the other end of which is provided with a measuring end that is adapted to the inner surface of the wheel rim.

4. The centering and positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main support frame includes a crossbeam, with support columns at both ends of the crossbeam and the connecting component at the bottom of the support columns. The bottom of the support column engages with the connecting component.

5. The centering and positioning device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The crossbeam is hollow inside, and a mounting plate is installed on the top of the crossbeam. The mounting plate is detachably connected to the fixed seat. The fixed seat supports the adjustment mechanism, and the adjustment mechanism enters the crossbeam through the opening in the mounting plate. Lifting rings are installed at the top of the crossbeam.

6. The centering and positioning device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The support column is inclined outward relative to the longitudinal center axis of the crossbeam; Along the width direction of the main support frame, the distance between the two support columns at one end of the crossbeam is greater than the width of the crossbeam.

7. The centering and positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting component includes a support block, and a boss is provided at one end of the support block away from the main support frame. The diameter of the boss is adapted to the diameter of the groove on the top of the part to be positioned so that the boss engages with the part to be positioned.

8. The application of the centering and positioning device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, This method is used for centering and positioning the primary springs in the built-in axle box of a rail transit vehicle. The fixing component is the wheel rim. The centering and positioning of the primary springs is achieved by obtaining the gap between the detection mechanisms on both sides and the inner side of the top side of the corresponding wheel rim.

9. A method for centering and positioning a built-in axle box primary spring, characterized in that, The centering and positioning device according to any one of claims 1-7 includes the following: The bottom of the main support frame is provided with connecting components, the number of which corresponds one-to-one with the top of the primary spring. The main support frame supports the adjustment mechanism and the detection mechanism. The detection mechanism is installed through the end of the crossbeam and is movable relative to the crossbeam. The main support frame is hoisted up, and the connecting components at the bottom of the main support frame are engaged with the top of a series of springs. Adjust the mechanism to move the detection mechanism relative to the main support frame, so that the two detection mechanisms move simultaneously and in opposite directions to gradually approach the inner side of the corresponding wheel rim, so as to obtain the gap between the detection mechanism and the inner side of the top side of the wheel rim. If the gaps between the detection mechanisms on both sides and the inner side of the corresponding wheel rim are the same, it indicates that the primary spring has been aligned. If the gaps on both sides are different, adjust the position of the primary spring on the axle box mounting base so that the primary spring and the centering positioning device move as a whole to the side with the larger gap, and measure the gap values ​​on both sides again until the gaps on both sides are the same, thereby achieving the purpose of precise centering of the primary spring relative to the wheels on both sides.

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