Physical calibration field and calibration method of highway tunnel apparent disease rapid detection system

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of tunnel detection, in particular to a highway tunnel apparent disease rapid detection system entity calibration field and calibration method, which comprises a non-operation entity tunnel, a detection system carrier and a calibration interval B, calibrating an interval A; a visual resolution test card; a reflective geometric distortion test card; a resolution calibration card; a crack test card; a planar disease test card; the method is used for solving the problem that a model tunnel and an actual operation highway tunnel have obvious differences in internal environments such as lining material and line characteristics and lighting conditions. The problems that traffic control needs to be carried out before calibration is carried out in an actual operation highway tunnel, dynamic and repeated calibration is inconvenient, and an existing calibration method is not comprehensive and complete enough are solved; the inaccurate detection result of the detection system in practical application caused by the difference of the model tunnel is avoided; the detection accuracy of the highway tunnel apparent disease rapid detection system is improved; multiple dynamic and repeated calibration is realized, and the influence of traffic control on normal traffic of an operating highway tunnel is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of tunnel detection, and more specifically, to a physical calibration field and a calibration method for a rapid detection system for apparent defects in highway tunnels. Background Art

[0002] The detection of apparent defects in highway tunnels includes two methods: traditional manual detection and rapid detection. The manual detection method requires the closure of lanes and traffic control first. Then, technicians use auxiliary equipment such as aerial work vehicles, flashlights and crack width gauges to inspect and record apparent cracks, water leakage and other defects in highway tunnels. This method has the disadvantages of high efficiency and safety risks, as well as the influence of technicians' subjective experience, which may lead to missed detection and false detection of defects. The rapid detection method integrates high-resolution industrial cameras, encoders, synchronous controllers and other equipment on the carrier to obtain tunnel apparent image data under high-speed moving conditions, and then processes the image data through post-processing software to obtain highway tunnel apparent disease information. It has outstanding technical advantages such as fast, safe, high-precision and no interference with traffic. How to ensure the detection accuracy and effect of such highway tunnel apparent disease rapid detection system is particularly important.

[0003] At present, most of the rapid detection systems for apparent defects in highway tunnels in China use model tunnels or are calibrated in actual operating highway tunnels. There is no physical calibration field with relatively complete functions for centralized calibration and horizontal comparison of similar detection systems in the industry. Model tunnels are generally composed of metal support frames and plastic plates, with a length of only tens of meters. They do not have the calibration conditions for dynamic detection. In addition, the internal environment, such as the material and texture characteristics of the lining, and the lighting conditions, are significantly different from those of actual operating highway tunnels. It is impossible to accurately obtain the detection effect of the rapid detection system of highway tunnels in the actual operating highway tunnel environment. Carrying out calibration in actual operating highway tunnels requires a lot of manpower and material resources to carry out traffic control first, and then the calibration facilities can be arranged on the surface of the tunnel lining before calibration can be carried out. Not only is there a safety risk brought by passing vehicles, but it is also inconvenient to carry out dynamic and repeated calibration under different speed conditions.

[0004] In addition, the calibration of detection systems in the industry mainly tests the resolution and imaging quality of the detection systems, and lacks specific technical requirements for indicators such as the measurement accuracy of crack width and length, the measurement accuracy of surface disease area, and the ranging accuracy.

[0005] The main defects of the existing detection system are:

[0006] 1) There are obvious differences between the model tunnel and the actual operating highway tunnel in the simulated lining material and texture characteristics, lighting conditions and other internal environments;

[0007] 2) In actual operation of highway tunnels, traffic control is required before each calibration, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, poses a great safety hazard, and is not convenient for dynamic and repeated calibration;

[0008] 3) There is a lack of calibration sites and corresponding calibration methods for rapid detection systems of apparent defects in highway tunnels based on physical test tunnels in China, and the existing calibration methods are not comprehensive and complete enough. Summary of the invention

[0009] The present invention aims to overcome at least one defect (shortcoming) of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a physical calibration field and calibration method for a rapid detection system for apparent defects in highway tunnels, which are used to solve the problems that there are obvious differences in the internal environment such as lining material and texture characteristics, lighting conditions, etc. between the model tunnel and the actual operating highway tunnel; traffic control is required before calibration in the actual operating highway tunnel, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive and has great safety hazards, is inconvenient for dynamic and repeated calibration, and the existing calibration methods are not comprehensive and perfect.

[0010] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is a physical calibration field of a rapid detection system for apparent defects in highway tunnels, which includes a non-operational physical tunnel, a detection system vehicle, and also includes: a calibration section B, which is used to measure the distance from the start point to the end point of the calibration section B and compare it with the actual distance to calculate the mileage measurement accuracy; a calibration section A, wherein the calibration section A is set at the center line of the calibration section B, and the vehicle maintains a target speed in the calibration section A to collect the apparent image of the concrete secondary lining; a visual resolution test card, which is used to analyze the limiting resolution of the image and calculate the central limiting resolution of the image; a reflection type geometric distortion test card, which is used to analyze the geometric distortion of the image and check the degree of distortion of the test card; a resolution calibration card, which is used to calculate the resolution of the image in the x and y directions and the measurement accuracy of the arc length of the tunnel cross section; a crack test card, which is used to calculate the measurement accuracy of the width of line segments at different angles and the measurement accuracy of the length of irregular curves; a surface defect test card, which is used to calculate the measurement accuracy of the surface defect area.

[0011] It is beneficial to comprehensively calibrate the rapid detection system for apparent defects of highway tunnels under various test standards by deploying various types of test cards in the non-operating physical tunnel, thereby improving the rapid detection accuracy of the detection system; and by realizing multiple dynamic and repeated calibrations, it is possible to avoid traffic control in operating tunnels affecting their normal passage.

[0012] The length of the calibration section B is 500 m, the length of the calibration section A is 100 m, and preparation sections E are provided at the beginning and end of the calibration section B, and the length of the preparation section E is at least 20 m.

[0013] The position of the calibration interval A in the calibration interval B is advantageously used to make the area used for calibration in the non-operational entity tunnel relatively concentrated, which is convenient for the rapid acquisition of the lining surface image and the analysis and calculation of various indicators of the detection system.

[0014] The length and width of the resolution calibration card are 1m×0.2m, and the length and width directions are marked with major scale lines, minor scale lines and scale values, wherein the major scale line interval is 10cm, the minor scale line interval is 1mm, the scale value starts from 0, and the scale value is marked next to the major scale line every 10cm.

[0015] It is helpful to accurately measure the imaging resolution of each camera acquisition area in the detection system, the horizontal and circumferential distance measurement accuracy, and the circumferential positioning accuracy of the disease through specific length and width dimensions, as well as the scale lines and scale values ​​set thereon.

[0016] The crack test card includes an A-type crack test card and a B-type crack test card. The length and width of the A-type crack test card are 540mm×540mm, and the effective area is 500mm×500mm. The effective area is composed of four upper, lower, left, and right side lines and five oblique edges in the frame, and the two lower left side lines and the five oblique edges are respectively composed of 14 widths of 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, respectively. m, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 2.0mm, 3.0mm, 4.0mm, 5.0mm are connected end to end; the length and width of the B-type crack test card is 500mm×500mm, including 5 widths of 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, respectively, the lengths of which are not equal but are not less than 500mm, as well as irregular curved cracks with random directions, among which at least 3 cracks have an overall oblique direction.

[0017] It is beneficial to use linear cracks of various widths and angles, and irregular curved cracks of various lengths and widths as comparisons, so that the detection system can more accurately measure the actual length and width of linear cracks of various widths and angles, and irregular curved cracks appearing on the surface of the tunnel lining.

[0018] The surface disease test card has a length and width of 297 mm × 420 mm, and contains 5 for simulating surface diseases, and the area is 0.001 m 2 、0.003m 2 、0.005m 2 、0.007m 2 、0.01m 2 The area enclosed by irregular curves.

[0019] It is helpful to form a contrast through the areas surrounded by irregular curves of various area specifications, so that the detection system can measure the area of ​​the actual surface defects on the tunnel lining surface more accurately.

[0020] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is a calibration method for a physical calibration field of a highway tunnel apparent disease rapid detection system, which includes the following steps:

[0021] S1. Divide the non-operating entity tunnel into a number of test areas of the same tunnel length along the tunnel circumference, and determine the calibration interval A and calibration interval B along the longitudinal direction of the non-operating entity tunnel;

[0022] S2. In the calibration interval A, a carrier equipped with a detection system is used to collect the surface image of the second concrete lining, the collected surface image of the second concrete lining is spliced, and a cross-sectional layout diagram of the calibration interval A is formed, and data under several test indicators are measured and analyzed on the cross-sectional layout diagram;

[0023] S3. Measure the distance from the start point to the end point in the calibration interval B, and calculate and analyze the calibration value;

[0024] S4. Repeat the calibration analysis of S2 and S3, eliminate the influence of human factors on the calibration results, and take the most unfavorable analysis result as the calibration result of the detection system.

[0025] It is beneficial to divide the non-operational entity tunnel into sections and conduct comprehensive testing and calibration on various indicators of the detection system in different sections to improve the detection accuracy of its practical application.

[0026] The specific steps of S1 include:

[0027] S11. Turn on the lighting fixtures in the calibration interval B of the non-operating entity tunnel, and the vehicle moves from the starting point mark position to the end point mark position, and the calibration interval B includes the calibration interval A, the acceleration interval C and the deceleration interval C;

[0028] S12. The vehicle moves in the acceleration interval C, accelerates from 0 to v, and then enters the calibration interval A. The vehicle maintains a constant speed v in the calibration interval A;

[0029] S13. After leaving the calibration interval A, the vehicle enters the deceleration interval C and decelerates from a uniform speed v to 0.

[0030] It is beneficial to use the variable speed or uniform speed moving vehicle of S1 to make the captured tunnel surface image convenient for software processing and splicing, so as to improve the accuracy of the measurement results judged by analyzing the image.

[0031] The S2 specifically includes:

[0032] S21. The vehicle moves along the center line of the road surface in the calibration section A. The lining surface of the calibration section A is evenly divided into four areas along the circumferential direction. A visual resolution test card, a reflective geometric distortion test card, a resolution calibration card, a crack test card, and a surface disease test card are arranged in each area;

[0033] S22. The crack test cards include type A crack test cards and type B crack test cards. The above test cards are arranged side by side along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The test cards in different areas can calibrate and measure indicators such as resolution, imaging quality, crack width resolution, crack width and length measurement accuracy of different cameras in the detection system.

[0034] The specific calibration steps of the test card in S21 include:

[0035] S211. The four regions include region 1, region 2, region 3 and region 4. Images of the visual resolution test card in the horizontal direction K1 and the vertical direction K2 in regions 1, 2, 3 and 4 are intercepted on the cross-sectional layout diagram, and the limiting resolutions in the horizontal direction K1 and the vertical direction K2 of the center of each region are analyzed in turn;

[0036] S212. The images of the reflective geometric distortion test card located in area 1, area 2, area 3, and area 4 are respectively intercepted on the cross-sectional layout diagram, and the collected test card images are checked to see whether they are distorted, and the degree of distortion is qualitatively analyzed;

[0037] S213. Measure the length L of the resolution calibration card in the x direction on the cross-sectional layout diagram x , and the length L in the y direction y , and calculate the resolution P of the corresponding image in the x direction on each resolution calibration card x and the resolution P in the y direction y The calculation formulas are P x =L x / N x , P y =L y / N y , where N x Indicates the number of pixels of the image in the x direction within the resolution calibration paper, N y Indicates the number of pixels of the image in the y direction within the resolution calibration paper;

[0038] S214. Measure the arc length R of a certain cross section in the calibration interval A on the cross section layout diagram. m , and calculate R m The actual arc length R of the cross section a The difference between

[0039] S2115. Measure the width w of 14 equal length line segments of the lower edge of the A-type crack test card in area 1 on the cross-sectional layout diagram. 1-0.1 、w 1-0.2。。。 w 1-4.0 、w 1-5.0 , and respectively calculate the actual width w 0.1 、w 0.2。。。 w 4.0 、w 5.0 The difference Δw 1-0.1 , Δw 1-0.2。。。 Δw 1-4.0 , Δw 1-5.0 Similarly, measure the width w of the 5 hypotenuses and 14 equal-length line segments on the left side that are 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 75° to the bottom line. i-0.1 、w i-0.2。。。 W i--4.0 、w i-5.0 , and the difference Δw from the actual width i-0.1 , Δw i-0.2。。。 Δw i-4.0 , Δw i-5.0 , where i starts from 2 and goes up to 6, indicating the number of the corresponding hypotenuse or left line; similarly, the width analysis of each line segment in area 2, area 3, and area 4 is completed in turn;

[0040] S216. Measure the length L of the five curves on the B-type crack test card in area 1 on the cross-sectional layout diagram. m1 , L m2 , L m3 , L m4 , L m5 , and calculate the measured length of each curve and its actual length L a1 , L a2 , L a1 , L a1 , L a1 , the difference ΔL1, ΔL2, ΔL3, ΔL4, ΔL5; similarly, complete the length analysis of each curve in area 2, area 3, and area 4 in turn;

[0041] S217. Measure the area A of the 5 irregular areas on the surface disease test card in area 1 on the cross-sectional layout diagram. m1 , A m2 , A m3 , A m4 , A m5 , and calculate the measured area and actual area A of each irregular area respectively a1 , A a2 , A a1 , A a1 , A a1, the difference ΔA1, ΔA2, ΔA3, ΔA4, ΔA5. Similarly, the area analysis of each irregular area in area 2, area 3, and area 4 is completed in turn.

[0042] It is beneficial to conduct comprehensive testing and calibration of various indicators of the detection system through measurement and calibration of various test cards arranged in the calibration section A of the non-operational entity tunnel, so as to improve the detection accuracy of its practical application.

[0043] The S213 specifically includes the following steps:

[0044] S2131. Lay the first resolution calibration card on the surface of the tunnel lining, with its long side parallel to the circumferential direction of the tunnel lining, the 0 scale value aligned with the circumferential end point 0 of the tunnel lining, and the 100 scale value aligned with the circumferential end point 1 of the tunnel lining;

[0045] S2132. Then, lay the second resolution calibration card on the tunnel lining surface, with its 0 scale value aligned with the tunnel lining circumferential end point 1, and its 100 scale value aligned with the tunnel lining circumferential end point 2, and the short side should be seamlessly aligned with the short side of the first resolution calibration card;

[0046] S2133. Complete the installation of the remaining resolution calibration cards in sequence, so that the tunnel cross section is completely covered by the resolution calibration cards along the circumferential direction, and each resolution calibration card is completely in contact with the tunnel lining surface.

[0047] It is beneficial to improve the accuracy of measuring the circumferential distance and length of defects by laying the resolution calibration card on the tunnel lining surface.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the highway tunnel apparent disease rapid detection system is calibrated through a non-operating entity tunnel, thereby avoiding inaccurate detection results of the detection system in actual application due to obvious differences in internal conditions such as lining material and texture characteristics, and surface conditions between the model tunnel and the actual operating highway tunnel; the non-operating entity tunnel is fully calibrated under multiple test standards through various types of test cards arranged in the calibration interval A, so as to realize the calibration of the resolution, imaging quality, crack width resolution, and measurement accuracy of crack width and length of the highway tunnel apparent disease rapid detection system, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the highway tunnel apparent disease rapid detection system; multiple dynamic and repeated calibrations are conveniently realized through non-operating entity tunnels, thereby avoiding traffic control affecting the normal passage of operating highway tunnels. It provides a horizontal comparison site for similar equipment for rapid detection of highway tunnels in the transportation industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 It is a schematic plan view of the entity calibration field of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 2 This is the visual resolution test card of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 3 This is the reflective geometric distortion test card of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 4 This is the resolution calibration card of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the resolution calibration card of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 6 It is the A-type crack test card of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 7 It is the B-type crack test card of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 8 The present invention relates to a surface disease test card.

[0057] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the four areas of the present invention along the tunnel ring direction.

[0058] Fig.10 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of various test cards of the present invention arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.

[0059] Fig.11 The figure is a flow chart of the calibration method steps of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The drawings of the present invention are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In order to better illustrate the following embodiments, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; it is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted. Example 1

[0061] like Figure 1-10As shown, this embodiment provides a physical calibration field for a rapid detection system for apparent defects in highway tunnels, including a non-operational physical tunnel and a detection system vehicle, which also includes: a calibration interval B, which is used to measure the distance from the start point to the end point of the calibration interval B and compare it with the actual distance to calculate the mileage measurement accuracy; a calibration interval A, wherein the calibration interval A is set at the center line of the calibration interval B, and the vehicle maintains a target speed in the calibration interval A to collect the apparent image of the concrete secondary lining; a visual resolution test card, which is used to perform a limiting resolution analysis and calculate the tunnel center limiting resolution; a reflection type geometric distortion test card, which is used to analyze the limiting resolution of the image and calculate the center limiting resolution of the image; a reflection type geometric distortion test card, which is used to analyze the geometric distortion of the image and check the degree of distortion of the test card; a resolution calibration card, which is used to calculate the resolution of the image in the x and y directions and the measurement accuracy of the arc length of the tunnel cross section; a crack test card, which is used to calculate the measurement accuracy of the line segment width at different angles and the measurement accuracy of the length of irregular curves; a surface defect test card, which is used to calculate the measurement accuracy of the surface defect area.

[0062] In this embodiment, the non-operational entity tunnel is 500m long in a straight line, with a net width of 8.5m and a net height of 6.16m in the second lining section, and the starting and ending mileage pile numbers are SK0+0-SK0+500, of which the SK0+200-SK0+300 section is constructed with secondary lining, and the arch haunches on both sides are provided with lighting fixtures in reference to the operational highway tunnel, so as to achieve a lighting environment similar to that of the real operational highway tunnel. The SK0+200-SK0+300 section of the non-operational entity tunnel is used as the calibration section A, which is used to test the resolution, imaging quality, crack width resolution, crack width and length measurement accuracy of the detection system; the SK0+0-SK0+500 section is used as the detection system ranging accuracy calibration section B; the SK0+0-SK0+200 section and the SK0+300-SK0+500 section are used as the acceleration C and deceleration sections D of the detection system vehicle, respectively. A preparation section E with a length of not less than 20m is reserved at each end of the non-operational entity tunnel.

[0063] In this embodiment, the visual resolution test chart is an ISO 12233 2000 line resolution test chart, with a specification of 4X and an effective area of ​​1424mm×800mm. The horizontal J1 and K1 and vertical J2 and K2 test units are mainly used. J1 and K1 are used to measure the horizontal visual resolution of the center, with a test range of 100 to 2000 LW / PH (image height per line width); J2 and K2 are used to measure the vertical visual resolution of the center, with a test range of 100 to 2000 LW / PH.

[0064] The length of the calibration section B is 500 m, the length of the calibration section A is 100 m, and preparation sections E are provided at the beginning and end of the calibration section B, and the length of the preparation section E is at least 20 m.

[0065] In this embodiment, the length of the acceleration and deceleration intervals of the detection system calibration interval A meets the distance required for the detection system vehicle to accelerate from a stationary state to 100km / h, and the detection system vehicle to decelerate from a speed of 100km / h to a stop. The distance measurement accuracy calibration interval B is composed of a straight asphalt road surface with a length of not less than 500m, and the longitudinal and transverse flatness standard values ​​of the road surface should not be greater than 2mm / km. The starting and ending positions of the calibration interval B are marked along the road edge at SK0+100 and SK0~400 respectively by nailing.

[0066] The length and width of the resolution calibration card are 1m×0.2m, and the length and width directions are marked with major scale lines, minor scale lines and scale values, wherein the major scale line interval is 10cm, the minor scale line interval is 1mm, the scale value starts from 0, and the scale value is marked next to the major scale line every 10cm.

[0067] In this embodiment, the resolution calibration card is printed on coated paper and is mainly used to test the resolution of imaging in the acquisition area of ​​each camera in the camera array of the detection system, the horizontal and circumferential distance measurement accuracy, and the circumferential positioning accuracy of the disease.

[0068] The crack test card includes an A-type crack test card and a B-type crack test card. The length and width of the A-type crack test card are 540mm×540mm, and the effective area is 500mm×500mm. The effective area is composed of four upper, lower, left, and right side lines and five oblique edges in the frame, and the two lower left side lines and the five oblique edges are respectively composed of 14 widths of 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, respectively. m, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 2.0mm, 3.0mm, 4.0mm, 5.0mm are connected end to end; the length and width of the B-type crack test card is 500mm×500mm, including 5 widths of 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, respectively, the lengths of which are not equal but are not less than 500mm, as well as irregular curved cracks with random directions, among which at least 3 cracks have an overall oblique direction.

[0069] In this embodiment, the A-type crack test card is mainly used to test the resolution and measurement accuracy of the detection system for the apparent crack widths of different directions of the tunnel lining. Its length and width are 540mm×540mm respectively, and the effective area is 500mm×500mm. The effective area consists of four upper, lower, left and right side lines and five hypotenuses in the frame, and the two lower left side lines and five hypotenuses are respectively formed by 14 equal length line segments of 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 2.0mm, 3.0mm, 4.0mm, and 5.0mm in width. First, use CAD software to draw the side lines and hypotenuses of the A-type crack test card, the side line color RGB value (0,0,0), and the test card background color RGB value (255,255,255), and then use coated paper to print it out at a ratio of 1:1.

[0070] In this embodiment, the B-type crack test card is mainly used to test the detection system for the measurement accuracy of the length and width of the apparent irregular curved cracks in the tunnel lining. Its length and width are 500×500mm respectively. The test card contains 5 widths of 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, and 0.5mm, each of which is unequal in length and not less than 500mm, as well as irregular curved cracks with random orientations, of which at least 3 cracks have an overall oblique orientation. First, use CAD software to draw each crack of the B-type crack test card, the crack color RGB value (0,0,0), the test card background color RGB value (255,255,255), and then use coated paper to print it out at a ratio of 1:1.

[0071] The surface disease test card has a length and width of 297 mm × 420 mm, and contains 5 for simulating surface diseases, and the area is 0.001 m 2 、0.003m 2 、0.005m 2 、0.007m 2 、0.01m 2 The area enclosed by irregular curves.

[0072] In this embodiment, the surface disease test card is mainly used to test the measurement accuracy of the detection system for the area of ​​surface diseases such as tunnel lining damage and water leakage. Its length and width are 297mm×420mm respectively. The test card contains 5 for simulating surface diseases, and the area is 0.001m 2 、0.003m 2 、0.005m 2 、0.007m 2 、0.01m 2First, use CAD software to draw a simulated surface disease, the RGB value of the outline and fill color of the surface disease is (0,0,0), the RGB value of the background color of the test card is (255,255,255), and then use coated paper to print it out at a ratio of 1:1.

[0073] In this embodiment, the physical calibration field is provided with ISO12233 2000 line resolution test cards, reflective geometric distortion test cards, resolution calibration papers, crack test papers, and surface disease test papers on the lining surface of the calibration section A. The calibration section A is evenly divided into four areas along the annular direction, and each area is provided with an ISO12233 2000 line resolution test card, a reflective geometric distortion test card, a crack test card, and a surface disease test card. Different types of test cards are arranged side by side along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. Test cards in different areas can be used to test the resolution, imaging quality, crack width resolution, crack width and length measurement accuracy of different cameras in the detection system camera array. Example 2

[0074] like Fig.11 As shown, this embodiment provides a physical calibration field and calibration method for a highway tunnel apparent disease rapid detection system, which includes the physical calibration field of the highway tunnel apparent disease rapid detection system, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0075] S1. Divide the non-operating entity tunnel into a number of test areas of the same tunnel length along the tunnel circumference, and determine the calibration interval A and calibration interval B along the longitudinal direction of the non-operating entity tunnel;

[0076] S2. In the calibration interval A, a carrier equipped with a detection system is used to collect the surface image of the second concrete lining, the collected surface image of the second concrete lining is spliced, and a cross-sectional layout diagram of the calibration interval A is formed, and data under several test indicators are measured and analyzed on the cross-sectional layout diagram;

[0077] S3. Measure the distance from the start point to the end point in the calibration interval B, and calculate and analyze the calibration value;

[0078] S4. Repeat the calibration analysis of S2 and S3, eliminate the influence of human factors on the calibration results, and take the most unfavorable analysis result as the calibration result of the detection system.

[0079] The specific steps of S1 include:

[0080] S11. Turn on the lighting fixtures in the calibration interval B of the non-operating entity tunnel, and the vehicle moves from the starting point mark position to the end point mark position, and the calibration interval B includes the calibration interval A, the acceleration interval C and the deceleration interval C;

[0081] S12. The vehicle moves in the acceleration interval C, accelerates from 0 to v, and then enters the calibration interval A. The vehicle maintains a constant speed v in the calibration interval A;

[0082] S13. After leaving the calibration interval A, the vehicle enters the deceleration interval C and decelerates from a uniform speed v to 0.

[0083] The S2 specifically includes:

[0084] S21. The vehicle moves along the center line of the road surface in the calibration section A. The lining surface of the calibration section A is evenly divided into four areas along the circumferential direction. A visual resolution test card, a reflective geometric distortion test card, a resolution calibration card, a crack test card, and a surface disease test card are arranged in each area;

[0085] S22. The crack test cards include type A crack test cards and type B crack test cards. The above test cards are arranged side by side along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The test cards in different areas can calibrate and measure indicators such as resolution, imaging quality, crack width resolution, crack width and length measurement accuracy of different cameras in the detection system.

[0086] The specific calibration steps of the test card in S21 include:

[0087] S211. The four regions include region 1, region 2, region 3 and region 4. Images of the visual resolution test card in the horizontal direction K1 and the vertical direction K2 in regions 1, 2, 3 and 4 are intercepted on the cross-sectional layout diagram, and the limiting resolutions in the horizontal direction K1 and the vertical direction K2 of the center of each region are analyzed in turn;

[0088] S212. The images of the reflective geometric distortion test card located in area 1, area 2, area 3, and area 4 are respectively intercepted on the cross-sectional layout diagram, and the collected test card images are checked to see whether they are distorted, and the degree of distortion is qualitatively analyzed;

[0089] S213. Measure the length L of the resolution calibration card in the x direction on the cross-sectional layout diagram x , and the length L in the y direction y , and calculate the resolution P of the corresponding image in the x direction on each resolution calibration card x and the resolution P in the y direction y The calculation formulas are P x =L x / N x , P y =L y / N y , where N x Indicates the number of pixels of the image in the x direction within the resolution calibration paper, Ny Indicates the number of pixels of the image in the y direction within the resolution calibration paper;

[0090] S214. Measure the arc length R of a certain cross section in the calibration interval A on the cross section layout diagram. m , and calculate R m The actual arc length R of the cross section a The difference between

[0091] S215. Measure the width w of 14 equal length line segments of the lower edge of the A-type crack test card in area 1 on the cross-sectional layout diagram. 1-0.1 、w 1-0.2。。。 w 1-4.0 、w 1-5.0 , and respectively calculate the actual width w 0.1 、w 0.2。。。 w 4.0 、w 5.0 The difference Δw 1-0.1 , Δw 1-0.2。。。 Δw 1-4.0 , Δw 1-5.0 Similarly, measure the width w of the 5 hypotenuses and 14 equal-length line segments on the left side that are 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 75° to the bottom line. i-0.1 、w i-0.2。。。 W i--4.0 、w i-5.0 , and the difference Δw from the actual width i-0.1 , Δw i-0.2。。。 Δw i-4.0 , Δw i-5.0 , where i starts from 2 and goes up to 6, indicating the number of the corresponding hypotenuse or left line; similarly, the width analysis of each line segment in area 2, area 3, and area 4 is completed in turn;

[0092] S216. Measure the length L of the five curves on the B-type crack test card in area 1 on the cross-sectional layout diagram. m1 , L m2 , L m3 , L m4 , L m5 , and calculate the measured length of each curve and its actual length L a1 , L a2 , L a1 , L a1 , L a1 , the difference ΔL1, ΔL2, ΔL3, ΔL4, ΔL5; similarly, complete the length analysis of each curve in area 2, area 3, and area 4 in turn;

[0093] S217. Measure the area A of the 5 irregular areas on the surface disease test card in area 1 on the cross-sectional layout diagram.m1 , A m2 , A m3 , A m4 , A m5 , and calculate the measured area and actual area A of each irregular area respectively a1 , A a2 , A a1 , A a1 , A a1 , the difference ΔA1, ΔA2, ΔA3, ΔA4, ΔA5. Similarly, the area analysis of each irregular area in area 2, area 3, and area 4 is completed in turn.

[0094] The S213 specifically includes the following steps:

[0095] S21131. Lay the first resolution calibration card on the surface of the tunnel lining, with its long side parallel to the circumferential direction of the tunnel lining, the 0 scale value aligned with the circumferential end point 0 of the tunnel lining, and the 100 scale value aligned with the circumferential end point 1 of the tunnel lining;

[0096] S2132. Then, lay the second resolution calibration card on the tunnel lining surface, with its 0 scale value aligned with the tunnel lining circumferential end point 1, and its 100 scale value aligned with the tunnel lining circumferential end point 2, and the short side should be seamlessly aligned with the short side of the first resolution calibration card;

[0097] S2133. Complete the installation of the remaining resolution calibration cards in sequence, so that the tunnel cross section is completely covered by the resolution calibration cards along the circumferential direction, and each resolution calibration card is completely in contact with the tunnel lining surface.

[0098] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the specific implementation methods of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the claims of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A physical calibration field for a rapid detection system of apparent defects in highway tunnels, characterized in that: Including non-operating physical tunnels, detection system vehicles, and also includes: Calibration interval B is used to measure the distance from the start point to the end point of calibration interval B and compare it with the actual distance to calculate the mileage measurement accuracy; Calibration section A, the calibration section A is set at the center line of the calibration section B, and the vehicle maintains a target speed in the calibration section A to collect the surface image of the concrete secondary lining; Visual resolution test chart, used to analyze the image's limiting resolution and calculate the image's central limiting resolution; Reflective geometric distortion test chart, used to analyze the geometric distortion of the image and check the distortion degree of the test chart; Resolution calibration card, used to calculate the resolution of the image in the x and y directions and the measurement accuracy of the arc length of the tunnel cross section; Crack test card, used to calculate the measurement accuracy of line width at different angles and the measurement accuracy of irregular curve length; Surface disease test card, used to calculate the measurement accuracy of surface disease area.

2. According to claim 1, a physical calibration field of a highway tunnel apparent disease rapid detection system is characterized in that: The length of the calibration section B is 500 m, the length of the calibration section A is 100 m, and preparation sections E are provided at the beginning and end of the calibration section B, and the length of the preparation section E is at least 20 m.

3. The physical calibration field of the highway tunnel apparent disease rapid detection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The length and width of the resolution calibration card are 1m×0.2m respectively, and the length and width directions are marked with major scale lines, minor scale lines and scale values, wherein the major scale line interval is 10cm, the minor scale line interval is 1mm, the scale value starts from 0, and the scale value is marked next to the major scale line every 10cm.

4. The physical calibration field of the highway tunnel apparent disease rapid detection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The crack test card includes an A-type crack test card and a B-type crack test card. The length and width of the A-type crack test card are 540mm×540mm, and the effective area is 500mm×500mm. The effective area is composed of four upper, lower, left, and right side lines and five oblique edges in the frame, and the two lower left side lines and the five oblique edges are respectively composed of 14 widths of 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, respectively. m, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 2.0mm, 3.0mm, 4.0mm, 5.0mm are connected end to end; the length and width of the B-type crack test card is 500mm×500mm, including 5 widths of 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, respectively, the lengths of which are not equal but are not less than 500mm, as well as irregular curved cracks with random directions, among which at least 3 cracks have an overall oblique direction.

5. The physical calibration field of the highway tunnel apparent disease rapid detection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The surface disease test card has a length and width of 297 mm × 420 mm, and contains 5 for simulating surface diseases, and the area is 0.001 m 2 、0.003m 2 、0.005m 2 、0.007m 2 、0.01m 2 The area enclosed by irregular curves.

6. A physical calibration method for a rapid detection system of apparent defects in highway tunnels, characterized in that: The physical calibration field of the highway tunnel apparent disease rapid detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 5 specifically comprises the following steps: S1. Divide the non-operating entity tunnel into several test areas of the same tunnel length along the tunnel circumference, and determine the calibration interval A and calibration interval B along the longitudinal direction of the non-operating entity tunnel; S2. In the calibration interval A, a carrier equipped with a detection system is used to collect the surface image of the second concrete lining, the collected surface image of the second concrete lining is spliced, and a cross-sectional layout diagram of the calibration interval A is formed, and data under several test indicators are measured and analyzed on the cross-sectional layout diagram; S3. Measure the distance from the start point to the end point in the calibration interval B, and calculate and analyze the calibration value; S4. Repeat the calibration analysis of S2 and S3, eliminate the influence of human factors on the calibration results, and take the most unfavorable analysis result as the calibration result of the detection system.

7. The physical calibration method of the highway tunnel apparent disease rapid detection system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The specific steps of S1 include: S11. Turn on the lighting fixtures in the calibration interval B of the non-operating entity tunnel, and the vehicle moves from the starting point mark position to the end point mark position, and the calibration interval B includes the calibration interval A, the acceleration interval C and the deceleration interval C; S12. The vehicle moves in the acceleration interval C, accelerates from 0 to v, and then enters the calibration interval A. The vehicle maintains a constant speed v in the calibration interval A; S13. After leaving the calibration interval A, the vehicle enters the deceleration interval C and decelerates from a uniform speed v to 0.

8. The physical calibration method of the highway tunnel apparent disease rapid detection system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The S2 specifically includes: S21. The vehicle moves along the center line of the road surface in the calibration section A. The lining surface of the calibration section A is evenly divided into four areas along the circumferential direction. A visual resolution test card, a reflective geometric distortion test card, a resolution calibration card, a crack test card, and a surface disease test card are arranged in each area; S22. The crack test cards include type A crack test cards and type B crack test cards. The above test cards are arranged side by side along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The test cards in different areas can calibrate and measure indicators such as resolution, imaging quality, crack width resolution, crack width and length measurement accuracy of different cameras in the detection system.

9. The physical calibration method of the highway tunnel apparent disease rapid detection system according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The specific calibration steps of the test card in S21 include: S211. The four regions include region 1, region 2, region 3 and region 4. Images of the visual resolution test card in the horizontal direction K1 and the vertical direction K2 in regions 1, 2, 3 and 4 are intercepted on the cross-sectional layout diagram, and the limiting resolutions in the horizontal direction K1 and the vertical direction K2 of the center of each region are analyzed in turn; S212. The images of the reflective geometric distortion test card located in area 1, area 2, area 3, and area 4 are respectively intercepted on the cross-sectional layout diagram, and the collected test card images are checked to see whether they are distorted, and the degree of distortion is qualitatively analyzed; S213. Measure the length L of the resolution calibration card in the x direction on the cross-sectional layout diagram x , and the length L in the y direction y , and calculate the resolution P of the corresponding image in the x direction on each resolution calibration card x and the resolution P in the y direction y The calculation formulas are P x =L x / N x , P y =L y / N y , where N x Indicates the number of pixels of the image in the x direction within the resolution calibration paper, N y Indicates the number of pixels of the image in the y direction within the resolution calibration paper; S214. Measure the arc length R of a certain cross section in the calibration interval A on the cross section layout diagram. m , and calculate R m The actual arc length R of the cross section a The difference between S215. Measure the width w of 14 equal length line segments of the lower edge of the A-type crack test card in area 1 on the cross-sectional layout diagram. 1-0.1 、w 1-0.2 . . . w 1-4.0 、w 1-5.0 , and respectively calculate the actual width w 0.1 、w 0.2 . . . w 4.0 、w 5.0 The difference Δw 1-0.1 , Δw 1-0.2 Δw 1-4.0 , Δw 1-5.0 Similarly, measure the width w of the 5 hypotenuses and 14 equal-length line segments on the left side that are 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 75° to the bottom line. i-0.1 、w i-0.2。。。 W i--4.0 、w i-5.0 , and the difference Δw from the actual width i-0.1 , Δw i-0.2。。。 Δw i-4.0 , Δw i-5.0 , where i starts from 2 and goes up to 6, indicating the number of the corresponding hypotenuse or left line; similarly, the width analysis of each line segment in area 2, area 3, and area 4 is completed in turn; S216. Measure the length L of the five curves on the B-type crack test card in area 1 on the cross-sectional layout diagram. m1 , L m2 , L m3 , L m4 , L m5 , and calculate the measured length of each curve and its actual length L a1 , L a2 , L a1 , L a1 , L a1 , the difference ΔL1, ΔL2, ΔL3, ΔL4, ΔL5; similarly, complete the length analysis of each curve in area 2, area 3, and area 4 in turn; S2117. Measure the area A of the 5 irregular areas on the surface disease test card in area 1 on the cross-sectional layout diagram m1 , A m2 , A m3 , A m4 , A m5 , and calculate the measured area and actual area A of each irregular area respectively a1 , A a2 , A a1 , A a1 , A a1 , the difference ΔA1, ΔA2, ΔA3, ΔA4, ΔA5. Similarly, the area analysis of each irregular area in area 2, area 3, and area 4 is completed in turn.

10. The physical calibration method of the highway tunnel apparent disease rapid detection system according to claim 9 is characterized in that: The S213 specifically includes the following steps: S2131. Lay the first resolution calibration card on the surface of the tunnel lining, with its long side parallel to the circumferential direction of the tunnel lining, the 0 scale value aligned with the circumferential end point 0 of the tunnel lining, and the 100 scale value aligned with the circumferential end point 1 of the tunnel lining; S2132. Then, lay the second resolution calibration card on the tunnel lining surface, with its 0 scale value aligned with the tunnel lining circumferential end point 1, and its 100 scale value aligned with the tunnel lining circumferential end point 2, and the short side should be seamlessly aligned with the short side of the first resolution calibration card; S2133. Complete the installation of the remaining resolution calibration cards in sequence, so that the tunnel cross section is completely covered by the resolution calibration cards along the circumferential direction, and each resolution calibration card is completely in contact with the tunnel lining surface.

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