An electrostatic atomization ammonia absorption water curtain test system and its working method

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electrostatic atomization ammonia absorption water curtain test system, comprising an air distribution system, a wind tunnel system, an electrostatic atomization water curtain system, a measurement and control system, a camera system, an exhaust gas and waste liquid treatment system, and a purge system; the air distribution system provides ammonia for the test; the test section of the wind tunnel system is used to conduct the electrostatic atomization water curtain test; the electrostatic atomization water curtain system is used to electrostatically atomize water to form a spray and absorb ammonia; the measurement and control system is used to measure the ammonia concentration; and the camera system is used to take high-speed photos of the morphological changes, flow field trajectory microscopic characteristics, and transient evolution process of the spray absorbing ammonia in the test section and store and analyze them. The system can enhance the ammonia absorption efficiency of the water curtain and can simulate and capture the morphological changes, flow field trajectory, and other microscopic characteristics and transient evolution process of electrostatic atomization absorption of ammonia.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water curtain protection, and in particular to an electrostatic atomization ammonia absorption water curtain test system and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With its high energy density and zero carbon emissions, ammonia, as a high-quality carrier of hydrogen energy and renewable resources, shows broad market prospects. As a carrier of energy and hydrogen storage, ammonia has a variety of technical options, and as a carbon-free compound, its combustion products are pure and can be used as a clean energy. Initially, ammonia was mainly used as a chemical raw material, such as nitric acid, refrigerants and nitrogen fertilizers. In recent years, with the rapid development of the ammonia energy industry, research on its synthesis, storage and transportation, and new energy applications has become increasingly extensive. In the future, the ammonia energy route will transition to a green energy-synthetic ammonia energy-cracking hydrogen production / direct ammonia energy-terminal scenario energy structure, forming a series of ammonia energy industry chains.

[0003] Compared to hydrogen, ammonia is more convenient to store and transport, and has significant inherent safety performance. Therefore, it is regarded as one of the potential zero-carbon energy paths to promote energy transformation, social progress and even national development strategies. Although the explosion hazard of ammonia as a hydrogen storage medium is far less than that of hydrogen, as a hazardous chemical with a strong pungent odor and toxicity, accidental leakage of ammonia during storage and transportation can have serious consequences. In order to effectively reduce the risk of personal injury caused by ammonia leakage and ensure economic benefits, the only effective method currently used by the industry is the water curtain spray system. This method has the advantages of being economical and reliable. Its principle is to dilute the ammonia concentration and hinder the diffusion of ammonia clouds by atomizing tiny droplets through water curtain nozzles.

[0004] Chinese patent application number CN202221675373.5 discloses a device for recovering and treating ammonia using a water curtain containing a curing agent. The device prepares liquid water containing a curing agent and stores it in a liquid storage tank. A nozzle is used to spray the mixture out in the form of a water curtain. The curing agent-containing water curtain reacts rapidly with ammonia to form ammonia-containing solid particles. The ammonia-containing solid particles are stable and the ammonia will not decompose and escape on its own. The ammonia-containing solid particles are then collected to complete the recovery and treatment of the ammonia. Chinese patent application number CN202210648876.1 discloses a fire water curtain spray system and spraying method for treating liquid ammonia leaks. The system includes a water source area and a liquid ammonia area arranged on the ground. The water source area and the liquid ammonia area are connected by a pump. The pump sends water from the water source area to the bottom of the liquid ammonia area, forming a bottom-up covering fire water curtain spray system, thereby maximizing the dilution of the leaked liquid ammonia and preventing the escape of ammonia.

[0005] However, existing water curtain spray systems generally suffer from low absorption efficiency. One of the main reasons for this is that, due to existing technological limitations, droplet size is typically kept at tens of microns or larger, resulting in a small gas-liquid contact area. Furthermore, existing technologies lack a test system for ammonia absorption through water curtain spraying to facilitate research on this technology. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electrostatic atomization ammonia absorption water curtain test system and its working method, which can enhance the absorption efficiency of ammonia by the water curtain, and can simulate and capture the microscopic characteristics such as morphological changes, flow field trajectories and their transient evolution process during electrostatic atomization absorption of ammonia.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an electrostatic atomization ammonia absorption water curtain test system, comprising an air distribution system, a wind tunnel system, an electrostatic atomization water curtain system, a measurement and control system, a camera system, an exhaust gas and waste liquid treatment system and a purge system;

[0008] The air distribution system is connected to the wind tunnel system to provide ammonia required for the test;

[0009] The wind tunnel system consists of a power section, a diffusion section, a stabilization section, a contraction section, and a test section, which are connected in sequence. The power section is used to provide airflow power. A fan is provided in the power section, and the speed is controlled by a variable frequency speed regulator to adjust the wind speed. The stabilization section is provided with a honeycomb and a damping net. The honeycomb is used to straighten and guide the airflow. The damping net is used to reduce the turbulence intensity of the airflow in the stabilization section. The contraction section is used to prevent the airflow from separating when it hits the wall. The test section is used to conduct the electrostatic atomization water curtain test.

[0010] The electrostatic atomization water curtain system includes a syringe pump, an electrostatic generator, a power amplifier, an electrostatic nozzle, and a grounding electrode plate. The electrostatic nozzle is mounted on the side wall of the test section. The grounding electrode plate is disposed on the inner side wall of the test section opposite the electrostatic nozzle. The syringe pump injects water into the electrostatic nozzle. The output end of the electrostatic generator is connected to the input end of the power amplifier. The output end of the power amplifier is connected to the electrostatic nozzle to power it. The electrostatic nozzle electrostatically atomizes the water to form a spray, which absorbs ammonia and then falls onto the grounding electrode plate.

[0011] The measurement and control system includes a mobile measurement frame I, a mobile measurement frame II, a gas measurement and control module I and a gas measurement and control module II. The mobile measurement frame I and the mobile measurement frame II are arranged in the test section in front and behind. The gas measurement and control module I and the gas measurement and control module II respectively measure and record the ammonia concentration at the position of the mobile measurement frame I and the mobile measurement frame II;

[0012] The camera system includes a laser generator, a high-speed camera, and an image acquisition computer. The laser generator is used to provide laser light for inducing fluorescence. The high-speed camera is used to take high-speed photos of the morphological changes, flow field trajectory microscopic characteristics, and transient evolution process of the spray absorbing ammonia in the test section. The image acquisition computer is connected to the high-speed camera and is used to store and analyze the photos taken by the high-speed camera.

[0013] The tail gas and waste liquid treatment system is connected to the drain outlet and exhaust outlet of the test section to treat the waste liquid and tail gas after the test;

[0014] The purge system is connected to the wind tunnel system and is used to purge the entire system.

[0015] Furthermore, the gas distribution system includes an ammonia cylinder, an electric valve I and a gas mass flow controller I. The ammonia cylinder is connected to the gas mass flow controller I via the electric valve I. The gas mass flow controller I is used to control the ammonia flow rate, and its output is connected to the power section of the wind tunnel system.

[0016] Furthermore, the electrostatic atomization water curtain system also includes an oscilloscope, which is connected to the voltage and current monitoring port of the power amplifier for monitoring voltage and current signals; the positive pole of the power amplifier is connected to the electrostatic nozzle to power it, and the negative pole of the power amplifier is grounded.

[0017] Furthermore, the laser generator and the high-speed camera are arranged opposite to each other on two sides outside the test section; the high-speed camera is connected to a high-power lens, and the high-power lens is connected to a filter for selectively absorbing specific excitation fluorescence.

[0018] Furthermore, a drain outlet is provided at the bottom of the test section, and an exhaust outlet is provided at the rear end of the test section; the exhaust gas and waste liquid treatment system includes a stop valve, a waste liquid tank and an exhaust gas treatment tank, and the drain outlet is connected to the waste liquid tank through the stop valve to discharge the waste liquid in the test section into the waste liquid tank; the exhaust outlet is connected to the exhaust gas treatment tank to discharge the exhaust gas of the test into the exhaust gas treatment tank, and the exhaust gas treatment tank is equipped with alkaline solution for absorbing the exhaust gas generated by the test.

[0019] Furthermore, the purge system includes a nitrogen cylinder, an electric valve II and a gas mass flow controller II. The nitrogen cylinder is connected to the gas mass flow controller II via the electric valve II. The gas mass flow controller II is used to control the nitrogen flow rate, and its output is connected to the power section of the wind tunnel system.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes an industrial computer, which is electrically connected to the variable frequency speed regulator to control the frequency setting of the variable frequency speed regulator. The industrial computer is also electrically connected to the air distribution system and the purge system to control the operation of the air distribution system and the purge system.

[0021] The present invention also provides a working method of the electrostatic atomization ammonia absorption water curtain test system, comprising the following steps:

[0022] 1) Load the aqueous solution prepared by deionized water and fluorescent particles into the syringe pump;

[0023] 2) The industrial computer controls the variable frequency speed regulator to set a certain frequency, and turns on the purge system to purge the entire system; after the purge is completed, the purge system is turned off;

[0024] 3) Turn on the camera system and adjust the laser generator and high-speed camera to ensure clear images on the image acquisition computer; turn on the electrostatic generator and power amplifier and set the relevant electric field parameters according to the test requirements; the industrial computer controls the variable frequency speed regulator to set a certain frequency, and turns on the air distribution system to introduce a certain flow of ammonia into the wind tunnel system;

[0025] 4) The injection pump injects the aqueous solution into the electrostatic nozzle, which electrostatically atomizes the water to form a spray and absorbs ammonia;

[0026] 5) The measurement and control system measures the ammonia concentration before and after spraying through gas measurement and control modules I and II. A high-speed camera takes photos of the morphological changes, flow field trajectory microscopic characteristics, and transient evolution of the ammonia absorbed by the spray within the test section, and stores them in the image acquisition computer.

[0027] 6) Open the tail gas and waste liquid treatment system to discharge the waste liquid and tail gas after the test; then close the tail gas and waste liquid treatment system and the gas distribution system;

[0028] 7) Open the purge system and purge the entire system; after the purge is completed, close the purge system;

[0029] 8) The industrial computer controls the gas distribution system to change the ammonia flow rate, controls the variable frequency speed regulator to change the frequency to change the wind speed, and simultaneously changes the electric field parameters of the electrostatic generator and power amplifier. Then, steps 4)-7) are repeated to conduct electrostatic atomization ammonia absorption water curtain tests under different flow rates, wind speeds, and electric field parameters and conduct related research.

[0030] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following advantages: It provides an electrostatic atomization ammonia absorption water curtain test system and its operating method. The system cleverly utilizes the electrostatic field effect to promote the dispersion of liquid into finer droplets, thereby significantly increasing the gas-liquid contact area, diluting the ammonia concentration, and significantly enhancing the water curtain's ammonia absorption efficiency. Furthermore, by utilizing high-speed camera technology, optical magnification technology, and laser-induced fluorescence technology, it can simulate and capture the microscopic characteristics of ammonia absorption during electrostatic atomization, such as morphological changes and flow field trajectory, and its transient evolution process. By controlling ammonia flow rate, wind speed, and electric field parameters, the water curtain absorption effect can be tested, providing basic data for in-depth theoretical research on electrostatic atomization ammonia absorption water curtain test systems. By precisely controlling the electric field parameters through an electrostatic generator and power amplifier, the variation of ammonia concentration under different spray modes can be studied. By adjusting the opening of the electric valve of the air distribution system, the influence of the microscopic characteristics and transient evolution of ammonia absorption at different flow rates and concentrations can be accurately analyzed, providing a scientific basis for revealing the mechanism of electrostatic ammonia absorption and designing new high-efficiency water curtain spray systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the system structure of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0034] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0035] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides an electrostatic atomization ammonia absorption water curtain test system, including an air distribution system, a wind tunnel system, an electrostatic atomization water curtain system, a measurement and control system, a camera system, an exhaust gas and waste liquid treatment system, and a purge system. The basic principle of this system is to break the liquid into smaller droplets through the electrostatic field effect, increase the gas-liquid contact area, and enhance the water curtain absorption effect. Based on high-speed camera technology, optical magnification technology, and laser-induced fluorescence technology, the microscopic characteristics and evolution process of electrostatic atomization absorption of ammonia, such as morphological changes and flow field trajectories, are studied, and the influence of different voltages on the spray absorption process of ammonia is studied.

[0036] The gas distribution system is connected to the wind tunnel system to provide the ammonia gas required for the test. Specifically, the gas distribution system includes an ammonia cylinder 1, an electric valve 12, and a gas mass flow controller 13. The ammonia cylinder 1 is connected to the gas mass flow controller 13 via the electric valve 12. The gas mass flow controller 13 is used to control the ammonia flow rate, and its output is connected to the power section 9 of the wind tunnel system.

[0037] The wind tunnel system consists of a power section 9, a diffusion section 11, a stabilization section 14, a contraction section 21 and a test section 31 connected in sequence. The power section 9 is used to provide airflow power. A fan 10 is provided in the power section 9, and the speed is controlled by a variable frequency speed regulator 7 to adjust the wind speed. The diffusion section 11 is connected between the power section 9 and the stabilization section 14, serving as a connection. The stabilization section 14 is provided with a honeycomb 12 and a damping net 13. The honeycomb 12 is used to straighten and guide the airflow. The damping net 13 is used to reduce the turbulence intensity of the airflow in the stabilization section. The contraction section 21 is used to prevent the airflow from separating when it hits the wall. The test section 31 is used to conduct an electrostatic atomization water curtain test.

[0038] The electrostatic atomization water curtain system includes an injection pump 18, an electrostatic generator 29, a power amplifier 30, an electrostatic nozzle 19 and a grounding electrode plate 15. The electrostatic nozzle 19 is installed on the side wall of the test section 31. The grounding electrode plate 15 is arranged on the inner wall of the test section 31 opposite to the electrostatic nozzle 19 and is grounded. The injection pump 18 injects water into the electrostatic nozzle 19. The output end of the electrostatic generator 29 is connected to the input end of the power amplifier 30. The output end of the power amplifier 30 is connected to the electrostatic nozzle 19. After adjusting the electric field parameters through the electrostatic generator 29 and the power amplifier 30, the electrostatic nozzle (19) is powered. The electrostatic nozzle 19 electrostatically atomizes the water to form a spray and absorbs ammonia gas and then falls on the grounding electrode plate 15. The electrostatic atomization water curtain system also includes an oscilloscope 28, which is connected to the voltage and current monitoring port of the power amplifier 30 for monitoring voltage and current signals. The positive pole of the power amplifier 30 is connected to the electrostatic nozzle 19 to power it, and the negative pole of the power amplifier 30 is grounded.

[0039] Described measuring and controlling system comprises mobile measuring frame I 20, mobile measuring frame II 27, gas measuring and controlling module I 16 and gas measuring and controlling module II 34, described mobile measuring frame I 20, mobile measuring frame II 27 are arranged in the test section 31 before and after, described gas measuring and controlling module I 16 and gas measuring and controlling module II 34 measure and record the ammonia concentration on mobile measuring frame I 20 and mobile measuring frame II 27 position respectively.Mobile measuring frame plays the effect of carrying and mobile gas measuring and controlling module in wind tunnel system.Mobile measuring frame I 20, mobile measuring frame II 27 can be moved to the designated position in the test section 31 of wind tunnel system according to the needs of experiment.Gas measuring and controlling module is made up of diaphragm pump, highly sensitive gas sensor and control unit.Diaphragm pump is installed on corresponding mobile measuring frame, sucks out a small part of ammonia by diaphragm pump, and gas sensor can detect ammonia concentration information and converts it into digital signal, is transmitted to control unit.

[0040] The imaging system includes a laser generator 24, a high-speed camera 17, and an image acquisition computer 26. The laser generator 24 is used to provide laser light to induce fluorescence. The high-speed camera 17 is used to capture high-speed photographs of the morphological changes, flow trajectory microscopic characteristics, and transient evolution of the spray absorbing ammonia within the test section 31. The image acquisition computer 26 is connected to the high-speed camera 17 and is used to store and analyze the photographs captured by the high-speed camera 17. Specifically, the laser generator 24 and high-speed camera 17 are positioned on opposite sides of the test section 31. The high-speed camera 17 is connected to a high-power lens 23, which is connected to a filter 22 for selectively absorbing specific excitation fluorescence.

[0041] The exhaust gas and waste liquid treatment system is connected to the drain port 25 and exhaust port of the test section 31 to treat the waste liquid and exhaust gas after the test. Specifically, the drain port 25 is provided at the bottom of the test section 31, and the exhaust port is provided at the rear end of the test section 31. The exhaust gas and waste liquid treatment system includes a shut-off valve 33, a waste liquid tank 35, and an exhaust gas treatment tank 32. The drain port 25 is connected to the waste liquid tank 35 through the shut-off valve 33 to discharge the waste liquid in the test section 31 into the waste liquid tank 35. The exhaust port is connected to the exhaust gas treatment tank 32 to discharge the exhaust gas from the test into the exhaust gas treatment tank 32. The exhaust gas treatment tank 32 is equipped with alkaline solution to absorb the exhaust gas generated by the test.

[0042] The purge system is connected to the wind tunnel system and is used to purge the entire system. Specifically, the purge system includes a nitrogen cylinder 4, an electric valve II 5, and a gas mass flow controller II 6. The nitrogen cylinder 4 is connected to the gas mass flow controller II 6 via the electric valve II 5. The gas mass flow controller II 6 is used to control the nitrogen flow rate, and its output is connected to the power section 9 of the wind tunnel system.

[0043] The electrostatic atomization ammonia absorption water curtain test system also includes an industrial computer 8, which is electrically connected to the variable frequency speed regulator 7 to control the frequency setting of the variable frequency speed regulator 7. The industrial computer 8 is also electrically connected to the air distribution system and the purge system to control the operation of the air distribution system and the purge system.

[0044] This embodiment also provides a working method of the electrostatic atomization ammonia absorption water curtain test system, comprising the following steps:

[0045] 1) Load an aqueous solution composed of deionized water and fluorescent particles into the syringe pump 18.

[0046] 2) The industrial computer 8 controls the variable frequency speed regulator 7 to set a certain frequency to adjust the fan speed. At the same time, the electric valve II 5 of the purge system is opened, and the gas mass flow controller II 6 is adjusted to set a certain flow rate to purge the entire system with nitrogen. After the purge is completed, the purge system is closed.

[0047] 3) Turn on the camera system and adjust the laser generator 24 and high-speed camera 17 to ensure a clear image on the image acquisition computer 26. Turn on the electrostatic generator 29 and set appropriate electric field parameters based on the specific test requirements. Then turn on the oscilloscope 28 and the power amplifier 30 and set its electric field parameters based on the test requirements. The industrial computer 8 controls the variable frequency speed regulator 7 to a certain frequency, opens the electric valve 12 of the gas distribution system, and adjusts the gas mass flow controller 13 to set a certain flow rate, thus introducing a certain flow rate of ammonia into the wind tunnel system.

[0048] 4) The injection pump 18 injects the aqueous solution into the electrostatic nozzle 19, which electrostatically atomizes the water to form a spray and absorbs ammonia.

[0049] 5) The measurement and control system measures the change in ammonia concentration before and after spraying through gas measurement and control module I 16 and gas measurement and control module II 34. The high-speed camera 17 takes high-speed photos of the morphological changes, flow field trajectory microscopic characteristics, and transient evolution process of the spray absorbing ammonia in the test section 31 and stores them in the image acquisition computer 26.

[0050] 6) Open the exhaust gas and waste liquid treatment system to discharge the waste liquid and exhaust gas after the test; then close the exhaust gas and waste liquid treatment system and the gas distribution system.

[0051] 7) Open the purge system and purge the entire system; after purge is completed, close the purge system.

[0052] 8) The industrial computer 8 controls the air distribution system to change the ammonia flow rate, controls the variable frequency speed regulator 7 to change the frequency to change the wind speed, and simultaneously changes the electric field parameters of the electrostatic generator 29 and the power amplifier 30. Then, steps 4)-7) are repeated to conduct electrostatic atomization ammonia absorption water curtain tests under different flow rates, wind speeds, and electric field parameters, and conduct related research, including the microscopic characteristics of the morphological changes of the water mist in the electrostatic atomization ammonia absorption water curtain test system when absorbing ammonia and the optimal water curtain absorption effect.

[0053] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any other manner. Any person skilled in the art may utilize the above-disclosed technical content to modify or modify the present invention into equivalent embodiments. However, any simple modifications, equivalent variations, and modifications to the above embodiments that do not depart from the technical content of the present invention and are based on the technical essence of the present invention remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrostatic atomization ammonia absorption water curtain test system, characterized in that: Including air distribution system, wind tunnel system, electrostatic atomization water curtain system, measurement and control system, camera system, tail gas and waste liquid treatment system and purge system; The air distribution system is connected to the wind tunnel system to provide ammonia required for the test; The wind tunnel system is composed of a power section (9), a diffusion section (11), a stabilization section (14), a contraction section (21) and a test section (31) connected in sequence, wherein the power section (9) is used to provide airflow power, a fan (10) is provided in the power section (9), and the speed is controlled by a variable frequency speed regulator (7) to adjust the wind speed, a honeycomb (12) and a damping net (13) are provided in the stabilization section (14), the honeycomb (12) is used to comb and guide the airflow, the damping net (13) is used to reduce the turbulence intensity of the airflow in the stabilization section, the contraction section (21) is used to prevent the airflow from separating when it hits a wall, and the test section (31) is used to perform an electrostatic atomization water curtain test; The electrostatic atomization water curtain system comprises an injection pump (18), an electrostatic generator (29), a power amplifier (30), an electrostatic nozzle (19) and a grounding electrode plate (15), wherein the electrostatic nozzle (19) is mounted on a side wall of a test section (31), and the grounding electrode plate (15) is arranged on an inner side wall of the test section (31) opposite to the electrostatic nozzle (19). The injection pump (18) injects water into the electrostatic nozzle (19), the output end of the electrostatic generator (29) is connected to the input end of the power amplifier (30), and the output end of the power amplifier (30) is connected to the electrostatic nozzle (19) to supply power thereto. The electrostatic nozzle (19) electrostatically atomizes the water to form a spray, absorbs ammonia, and then falls onto the grounding electrode plate (15); The measurement and control system includes a moving test frame I (20), a moving test frame II (27), a gas measurement and control module I (16) and a gas measurement and control module II (34), wherein the moving test frame I (20) and the moving test frame II (27) are arranged in front and back in the test section (31), and the gas measurement and control module I (16) and the gas measurement and control module II (34) respectively measure and record the ammonia concentration at the positions of the moving test frame I (20) and the moving test frame II (27); the measurement and control system measures the ammonia concentration before and after spraying through the gas measurement and control module I (16) and the gas measurement and control module II (34); The camera system includes a laser generator (24), a high-speed camera (17) and an image acquisition computer (26), wherein the laser generator (24) is used to provide laser light for inducing fluorescence generation, the high-speed camera (17) is used to take high-speed photos of the morphological changes, flow field trajectory microscopic characteristics and transient evolution process of the spray absorbing ammonia in the test section (31), and the image acquisition computer (26) is connected to the high-speed camera (17) and is used to store and analyze the photos taken by the high-speed camera (17); The tail gas and waste liquid treatment system is connected to the drain outlet (25) and the exhaust outlet of the test section (31) to treat the waste liquid and tail gas after the test; The purge system is connected to the wind tunnel system and is used to purge the entire system.

2. The electrostatic atomization ammonia absorption water curtain test system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gas distribution system comprises an ammonia cylinder (1), an electric valve I (2) and a gas mass flow controller I (3). The ammonia cylinder (1) is connected to the gas mass flow controller I (3) via the electric valve I (2). The gas mass flow controller I (3) is used to control the flow of ammonia, and its output is connected to the power section (9) of the wind tunnel system.

3. The electrostatic atomization ammonia absorption water curtain test system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The electrostatic atomization water curtain system further includes an oscilloscope (28), which is connected to the voltage and current monitoring port of the power amplifier (30) for monitoring voltage and current signals; the positive electrode of the power amplifier (30) is connected to the electrostatic nozzle (19) to supply power thereto, and the negative electrode of the power amplifier (30) is grounded.

4. The electrostatic atomization ammonia absorption water curtain test system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The laser generator (24) and the high-speed camera (17) are arranged opposite to each other on two sides outside the test section (31); the high-speed camera (17) is connected to a high-power lens (23), and the high-power lens (23) is connected to a filter (22) for selectively absorbing specific excitation fluorescence.

5. The electrostatic atomization ammonia absorption water curtain test system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom of the test section (31) is provided with a drain port (25), and the rear end of the test section (31) is provided with an exhaust port; the tail gas and waste liquid treatment system comprises a stop valve (33), a waste liquid tank (35) and a tail gas treatment tank (32); the drain port (25) is connected to the waste liquid tank (35) via the stop valve (33) to discharge the waste liquid in the test section (31) into the waste liquid tank (35); the exhaust port is connected to the tail gas treatment tank (32) to discharge the tail gas of the test into the tail gas treatment tank (32); the tail gas treatment tank (32) is equipped with alkaline solution for absorbing the tail gas generated by the test.

6. The electrostatic atomization ammonia absorption water curtain test system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The purge system comprises a nitrogen cylinder (4), an electric valve II (5) and a gas mass flow controller II (6). The nitrogen cylinder (4) is connected to the gas mass flow controller II (6) via the electric valve II (5). The gas mass flow controller II (6) is used to control the nitrogen flow rate, and its output is connected to the power section (9) of the wind tunnel system.

7. The electrostatic atomization ammonia absorption water curtain test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The industrial control computer (8) is also included. The industrial control computer (8) is electrically connected to the variable frequency speed regulator (7) to control the frequency setting of the variable frequency speed regulator (7). The industrial control computer (8) is also electrically connected to the gas distribution system and the purge system to control the operation of the gas distribution system and the purge system.

8. The operating method of the electrostatic atomization ammonia absorption water curtain test system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Loading an aqueous solution prepared from deionized water and fluorescent particles into a syringe pump (18); 2) The industrial computer (8) controls the variable frequency speed regulator (7) to set a certain frequency, and turns on the purge system to purge the entire system; after the purge is completed, the purge system is turned off; 3) Turn on the camera system and adjust the laser generator (24) and the high-speed camera (17) so that the image acquisition computer (26) can clearly image; turn on the electrostatic generator (29) and the power amplifier (30) and set the relevant electric field parameters according to the test requirements; the industrial computer (8) controls the variable frequency speed regulator (7) to set a certain frequency, and turns on the air distribution system to introduce a certain flow of ammonia into the wind tunnel system; 4) The injection pump (18) injects the aqueous solution into the electrostatic nozzle (19), and the electrostatic nozzle (19) electrostatically atomizes the water to form a spray and absorbs ammonia; 5) The measurement and control system measures the ammonia concentration before and after spraying through the gas measurement and control module I (16) and the gas measurement and control module II (34). The high-speed camera (17) takes high-speed photos of the morphological changes, flow field trajectory microscopic characteristics and transient evolution process of the spray absorbing ammonia in the test section (31) and stores them in the image acquisition computer (26); 6) Open the tail gas and waste liquid treatment system to discharge the waste liquid and tail gas after the test; then close the tail gas and waste liquid treatment system and the gas distribution system; 7) Open the purge system and purge the entire system; after the purge is completed, close the purge system; 8) The industrial control computer (8) controls the air distribution system to change the ammonia flow rate, controls the variable frequency speed regulator (7) to change the frequency to change the wind speed, and simultaneously changes the electric field parameters of the electrostatic generator (29) and the power amplifier (30), and then repeats steps 4)-7) to conduct electrostatic atomization ammonia absorption water curtain tests under different flow rates, wind speeds, and electric field parameters and conduct related research.

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