Wireless communication system based on enhanced distributed active and passive hybrid intelligent metasurface

Abstract

The invention discloses a wireless communication system based on an enhanced distributed active and passive hybrid intelligent metasurface. The wireless communication system comprises a macro base station, the enhanced distributed active and passive hybrid intelligent metasurface and a forward link, the enhanced distributed active and passive intelligent metasurface is composed of a control module, a switch driving circuit, a first surface radiation unit, a reflection phase modulation circuit, a connection straight-through circuit and an absorption load circuit. The control module is connected with the macro base station through a forward link; the first surface radiation unit is enabled by the control module and the switch driving circuit, and is connected with the reflection phase modulation circuit or the connection straight-through circuit or the absorption load circuit, and the connection straight-through circuit is connected with the macro base station through a forward link. The intelligent metasurface can control the first surface radiation unit in the intelligent metasurface to be connected with different circuits so as to perform different signal processing on the electromagnetic wave signals according to target requirements, is high in flexibility, improves the anti-interference capability and the data transmission performance, and can be widely applied to the technical field of wireless communication.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a wireless communication system based on an enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface. Background Art

[0002] Massive distributed antenna systems (DAS) are one of the most promising technologies to address the challenges posed by the high user density of the Internet of Everything. A large number of spatially distributed antennas or remote radio access points (RAPs) are deployed to provide geographically uniform services to users. DAS can be implemented in various architectures, including cloud-based radio access networks (C-RAN), ultra-dense networking (UDN), and cell-free massive MIMO (CF-mMIMO) systems. In all these architectures, the baseband unit (BBU) can be moved into the control unit (CU) to reduce the capital expenditure and operating expenses of the network. Although the advantages of the methods shown above are significant, a large number of densely deployed antenna arrays or remote radio units (RRUs) are required to obtain sufficient antenna gain and mitigate interference, which undoubtedly incurs huge hardware costs and energy consumption.

[0003] The fully passive intelligent metasurface (RIS) regulates and reflects incident electromagnetic waves based on digital coding, but the existing fully passive RIS architecture still has many bottleneck problems. Although there are many different RIS architectures, the performance gains that these RIS architectures can bring to communication systems are still relatively limited, and they still lack environmental adaptability. In order to cope with the diverse communication needs in the future, the RIS architecture is not reconfigurable enough, and the architecture cannot be adjusted according to different environments or channel states, and the flexibility is insufficient. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve at least one of the above problems, an embodiment of the present application proposes a wireless communication system based on an enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface with good performance and high flexibility.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiment of the present application provides a wireless communication system based on an enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface, including:

[0006] Macro base stations, enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid smart metasurfaces, and fronthaul links;

[0007] Among them, the enhanced distributed active and passive intelligent metasurface is composed of a control module, a switch driving circuit, a first surface radiation unit, a reflection phase modulation circuit, a connection direct circuit and an absorption load circuit; the control module is connected to the macro base station through the fronthaul link; the first surface radiation unit is enabled by the control module and the switch driving circuit, and is connected to the reflection phase modulation circuit or the connection direct circuit or the absorption load circuit; the connection direct circuit is connected to the macro base station through the fronthaul link.

[0008] In some embodiments, the macro base station is used to perform state control and reflection phase control on all the first surface radiation units of the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface;

[0009] The control module is used to receive a control instruction from the macro base station and change the circuit connection state of the enhanced distributed active and passive intelligent metasurface according to the control instruction;

[0010] The switch driving circuit is used to be programmed and enabled by the control module and dynamically connected to one of the reflection phase modulation circuit, the connection through circuit, and the absorption load circuit;

[0011] The first surface radiation unit is used to receive electromagnetic wave signals. After the control module and the switch drive circuit are enabled, it is connected to one of the reflection phase modulation circuit, the connection direct circuit, and the absorption load circuit to process the electromagnetic wave signal.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first surface radiation unit is divided into an absorption state surface radiation unit, a connection state surface radiation unit, and a reflection state surface radiation unit;

[0013] The absorption state surface radiation unit is connected to the absorption load circuit and is used to convert the absorbed electromagnetic energy into electrical energy for energy storage or energy supply through a radio frequency to direct current circuit;

[0014] The connected surface radiation unit is connected to the connected direct circuit, and is used to receive electromagnetic wave signals and transmit them to the macro base station for data processing; or is used to receive electromagnetic wave signals sent by the macro base station and forward them;

[0015] The reflective surface radiation unit is connected to the reflective phase modulation circuit and is used to reflect the incident electromagnetic wave signal.

[0016] In some embodiments, the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface is also used to enable the absorption load circuit of the first surface radiation units of different numbers and / or positions to change its own shape and size according to system requirements.

[0017] In some embodiments, the system further comprises:

[0018] There are several cells and several terminals, and each of the cells has an enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface serving the several terminals.

[0019] In some embodiments, the number of connected surface radiation units of the first enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface is a. l And a l <<N l ; The number of the connected surface radiation units a l Configure according to the requirements of the wireless communication transmission system of the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface;

[0020] The number of absorption-state surface radiation units of the lth enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface is b l And b l <N l ; The number b of the absorbing surface radiation unit l Configuring according to the requirements of the wireless communication transmission system of the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface;

[0021] The number of the reflective surface radiation units of the lth enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface is c l And c l <N l ; said a l 、b l and c l The relationship satisfies a l +b l +c l =N l ;

[0022] Among them, N l Represents the number of the first surface radiation units of the lth enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface.

[0023] To achieve the above purpose, another aspect of the embodiment of the present application proposes a wireless communication method based on an enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface wireless communication system, the method comprising the following steps:

[0024] The state and reflection phase of all first surface radiation units of the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface are controlled through the macro base station;

[0025] Receiving a control instruction from the macro base station through a control module, and changing a circuit connection state of the enhanced distributed active and passive intelligent metasurface according to the control instruction;

[0026] Through the switch driving circuit, dynamically connected to one of the reflection phase modulation circuit, the direct-through circuit, and the absorption load circuit according to the enabling of the control module;

[0027] The electromagnetic wave signal is received through the first surface radiation unit, and after the control module and the switch driving module are enabled, it is connected to one of the reflection phase modulation circuit, the connection direct circuit, and the absorption load circuit to process the electromagnetic wave signal.

[0028] In some embodiments, the electromagnetic wave signal is received by the first surface radiation unit, and after the control module and the switch driving module are enabled, the electromagnetic wave signal is connected to one of the reflection phase modulation circuit, the connection through circuit, and the absorption load circuit to process the electromagnetic wave signal, including the following steps:

[0029] The absorbed electromagnetic energy is converted into electrical energy for energy storage or energy supply through the absorbing surface radiation unit by means of a radio frequency direct current circuit;

[0030] The electromagnetic wave signal is received through the connected surface radiation unit and transmitted to the macro base station for processing; or the electromagnetic wave signal sent by the macro base station is received through the connected surface radiation unit and forwarded;

[0031] The incident electromagnetic wave signal is reflected by the reflective surface radiation unit.

[0032] In some embodiments, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0033] According to system requirements, the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface is used to enable absorption load circuits of different numbers and / or positions of first surface radiation units, thereby changing the shape and size of the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface.

[0034] In some embodiments, the terminal is divided into a number of cells;

[0035] An enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface is configured for each cell to serve the terminals in the cell.

[0036] The embodiments of the present application include at least the following beneficial effects: The present application provides a wireless communication system based on an enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface. The solution constructs a wireless communication system of a macro base station, an enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface and a fronthaul link. The solution can control the first surface radiation unit in the intelligent metasurface to be connected to a reflection phase modulation circuit, a connection direct circuit or an absorption load circuit, so that the first surface radiation unit operates in a reflection state, a connection state or an absorption state. Different signal processing can be performed on electromagnetic wave signals according to target requirements, with high flexibility, thereby improving the anti-interference capability and data transmission performance of the wireless communication transmission system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the technical solution of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present application, they are used to explain the technical solution of the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of the present application.

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a wireless communication system based on an enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a step diagram of a wireless communication method of a wireless communication system based on an enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication transmission system with integrated communication perception based on an enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the embodiments of the present application. They are only examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the embodiments of the present application as detailed in the attached claims.

[0043] Although the functional modules are divided in the system schematic diagram and the logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than the module division in the system or the order in the flowchart. The terms "first / S100", "second / S200", etc. in the specification, claims and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0044] It is understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. used in this application can be used to describe various concepts in this article, but unless otherwise specified, these concepts are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one concept from another concept. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiment of the present application, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the words "if" and "if" as used herein can be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determination".

[0045] The terms "at least one", "multiple", "each", "any", etc. used in this application, at least one includes one, two or more, multiple includes two or more, each refers to each of the corresponding multiple, and any refers to any one of the multiple.

[0046] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0047] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0048] Before describing the embodiments of the present application in detail, some nouns and terms involved in the embodiments of the present application are first described. The nouns and terms involved in the embodiments of the present application are subject to the following explanations.

[0049] (1) RIS: Intelligent metasurface, also known as Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS), Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS), Large Intelligent Surface (LIS), etc., and is referred to as RIS in this application.

[0050] In the related technologies, the RIS architecture still lacks environmental adaptability. In order to cope with diverse communication needs in the future, the RIS architecture is not reconfigurable enough and cannot be adjusted according to different environments or channel conditions, and lacks flexibility.

[0051] In view of this, the embodiment of the present application provides a wireless communication transmission system based on an enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The system includes: a macro base station, an enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface and a fronthaul link; wherein the enhanced distributed active-passive intelligent metasurface is composed of a control module, a switch driving circuit, a first surface radiation unit, a reflection phase modulation circuit, a connection direct circuit and an absorption load circuit; the control module is connected to the macro base station through a fronthaul link; the first surface radiation unit is enabled by the control module and the switch driving circuit, and is connected to the reflection phase modulation circuit or the connection direct circuit or the absorption load circuit; the connection direct circuit is connected to the macro base station through the fronthaul link.

[0052] In some embodiments, the macro base station is used to perform state control and reflection phase control on all first surface radiation units of the enhanced distributed active and passive hybrid intelligent metasurface; the control module is used to receive control instructions from the macro base station, and change the circuit connection state of the enhanced distributed active and passive intelligent metasurface according to the control instructions; the switch drive circuit is used to be programmed and enabled by the control module, and dynamically connected to one of the reflection phase modulation circuit, the connection direct circuit, and the absorption load circuit; the first surface radiation unit is used to receive electromagnetic wave signals, and after the control module and the switch drive circuit are enabled, it is connected to one of the reflection phase modulation circuit, the connection direct circuit, and the absorption load circuit to process the electromagnetic wave signal.

[0053] In some embodiments, the first surface radiation unit is divided into an absorption state surface radiation unit, a connection state surface radiation unit, and a reflection state surface radiation unit; the absorption state surface radiation unit is connected to the absorption load circuit, and is used to convert the absorbed electromagnetic energy into electrical energy for energy storage or energy supply through the RF to DC circuit; the connection state surface radiation unit is connected to the connection direct circuit, and is used to receive electromagnetic signals and transmit them to the macro base station for data processing; or is used to receive electromagnetic signals sent by the macro base station and forward them; the reflection state surface radiation unit is connected to the reflection phase modulation circuit, and is used to reflect the incident electromagnetic signal.

[0054] In some embodiments, the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid smart metasurface is also used to enable absorption load circuits of different numbers and / or positions of first surface radiation units to change its own shape and size according to system requirements.

[0055] In some embodiments, the system further includes: a plurality of cells and a plurality of terminals, each cell having an enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface serving a plurality of terminals.

[0056] In some embodiments, the number of connected surface radiation units of the lth enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface is a l And a l <<N l ; The number of connected surface radiation units a l It is configured according to the requirements of the wireless communication transmission system of the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface; the number of the absorption state surface radiation units of the lth enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface is b l And b l <N l ; The number of absorbing surface radiation units b l It is configured according to the requirements of the wireless communication transmission system of the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface; the number of reflective surface radiation units of the lth enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface is c l And c l <N l ; a l 、b l and c l The relationship satisfies a l +b l +c l =N l ; Among them, N l Represents the number of the first surface radiation units of the lth enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface.

[0057] Another aspect of the present application embodiment proposes a wireless communication method based on an enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface wireless communication system, referring to Figure 3 The method comprises the following steps S100 to S400:

[0058] Step S100: performing state control and reflection phase control on all first surface radiation units of the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface through a macro base station.

[0059] Step S200, receiving a control instruction from the macro base station through the control module, and changing the circuit connection state of the enhanced distributed active and passive intelligent metasurface according to the control instruction.

[0060] Step S300: dynamically connect to one of the reflection phase modulation circuit, the direct-through circuit and the absorption load circuit through the switch driving circuit according to the enablement of the control module.

[0061] Step S400, receiving an electromagnetic wave signal through the first surface radiation unit, and after the control module and the switch driving module are enabled, connecting to one of the reflection phase modulation circuit, the connection direct circuit, and the absorption load circuit to process the electromagnetic wave signal.

[0062] In some embodiments, step S400 includes but is not limited to the following steps S410 to S430:

[0063] Step S410: The absorbed electromagnetic energy is converted into electrical energy through a radio frequency direct current circuit by an absorbing surface radiation unit for energy storage or energy supply.

[0064] Step S420, receiving electromagnetic signals through the connected surface radiation unit and transmitting them to the macro base station for processing; or receiving electromagnetic signals sent by the macro base station through the connected surface radiation unit and forwarding them.

[0065] Step S430: reflecting the incident electromagnetic signal through the reflective surface radiation unit.

[0066] In some embodiments, the method further comprises the following steps S500:

[0067] Step S500, according to system requirements, the shape and size of the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface are changed by enabling absorption load circuits of different numbers and / or positions of first surface radiation units through the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface.

[0068] In some embodiments, the method further includes the following steps S610-S620 of configuring a cell:

[0069] Step S610: divide the terminal into several cells.

[0070] Step S620: configure an enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface for each cell to serve the terminals in the cell.

[0071] The detailed scheme of the present application is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0072] The present application provides a wireless communication system based on an enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface, which can perform different signal processing on electromagnetic wave signals according to target requirements; can flexibly adjust the working scale of the enhanced distributed active-passive metasurface; and can be flexibly deployed through the working mode of the surface radiation unit to improve the anti-interference ability, target perception ability and data transmission performance of the wireless communication transmission system.

[0073] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 In some embodiments, a wireless communication system based on an enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface may be composed of a macro base station, L cells, K□ terminals, L enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurfaces and a fronthaul link; wherein the number of macro base station antennas is N t , serving L cells, each cell has an enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface serving K single-antenna terminals, and each terminal is interfered by the signals between and within the cell; the number of radiation units of the lth enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface is N l ; The fronthaul link is realized by a radio frequency cable; the macro base station is connected to L enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurfaces through the fronthaul link, respectively, to realize the state control and reflection phase control of all surface radiation units (i.e., the first surface radiation unit) of the L enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurfaces; the number of connected surface radiation units of the lth enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface is a l And a l <<N l ; The number of connected surface radiation units a l It can be specifically configured according to the requirements of the wireless communication transmission system of the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface; the number of absorption-state surface radiation units of the lth enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface is b l And b l <N l ; The number of absorbing surface radiation units b l It can be specifically configured according to the requirements of the wireless communication transmission system of the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface; the number of reflective surface radiation units of the lth enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface is c l And c l <N l ; said a l , b l , c l The relationship satisfies a l +b l +c l =N l .

[0074] In this embodiment, considering downlink data transmission, the macro base station uses the uplink channel information at the macro base station obtained in the uplink pilot training phase and the uplink channel information at the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface connection state unit to jointly precode the downlink pilot or downlink data information to be sent according to the corresponding target criteria, and then jointly sends it through the antenna array at the macro base station and the connection state unit of the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface. Take the transmission of k terminals in the lth cell as an example:

[0075] x B and x l They represent the signals sent by the connected surface radiation units in the macro base station and the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface in the lth cell respectively;

[0076]

[0077] Among them, w l,k With f l,k are the transmit beamforming vectors of the macro base station and the connected state unit on the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface, s l,k is the transmission data symbol for the kth terminal in the lth cell.

[0078] When the macro base station transmits jointly to LK terminals, the received signal y of the kth terminal in the lth cell is l,k It can be represented by the following model:

[0079]

[0080] in, and are the downlink channel between the macro base station and the kth terminal in the lth cell, the downlink channel between the macro base station and the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface in the lth cell, and the downlink channel between the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface in the lth cell and the kth terminal, respectively. i,l represents the channel between the connected state unit in the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface in the i-th cell and the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface in the l-th cell; Φ l =diag([v l,1 ,v l,2 ,L,v l,N ]) is the reflection phase coefficient matrix, which can be adjusted according to different target requirements.

[0081] For example, the nth element is where θ l,n is the adjustable phase of the nth surface radiation unit in the lth enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface, and |α l,n| is the adjustable amplitude of the nth surface radiation unit in the lth enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface; when the surface radiation unit works in the absorption state, the reflection amplitude is 0. and Represent the indicator matrices of the connection state unit and the absorption state unit of the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface in the lth cell respectively; specifically, is a diagonal matrix of NxN dimensions, Represents the connected state unit (at most a) of the jth surface radiation unit of the lth enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface after being enabled by the FPGA control module and the switch drive circuit l indivual), A represents that the jth unit of the lth enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface works in the reflection state. l Is The sub-indicator matrix consisting of the non-zero rows in .

[0082] Similarly, the diagonal matrix Docking elements represents the absorbing state unit (at most b) of the i-th surface radiation unit of the l-th enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface after being enabled by the FPGA control module and the switch drive circuit l indivual), Indicates that this unit is in the reflection state. The indicator matrix of the surface radiation unit working in the reflection state can be expressed as The number of them is n l,k is the noise of the signal received by the kth terminal in the lth cell.

[0083] Receive signal y l,k It is composed of the target received signal, the intra-cell interference signal, the inter-cell interference signal and the noise; among them, the target received signal It is expressed as:

[0084]

[0085] Interference signal in the cell It is expressed as:

[0086]

[0087] Inter-cell interference signal It is expressed as:

[0088]

[0089] According to the diversity of working modes of the surface radiation units on the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface, timely adjustment of their working states and reflection phase coefficients can effectively reduce the interference between multiple cells and multiple terminals in the same cell, thereby improving system performance and user experience. Taking the criterion of maximizing the signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio of the terminal as an example, the signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio SINR l,k for:

[0090]

[0091] By optimizing the indicator matrix and And the precoding matrix w l,k and f l,k , and the passive reflection coefficient vector v l , which can effectively minimize the interference signals of other terminals to the target terminal. The optimization problem is stated as follows:

[0092]

[0093] Among them, constraint (C1) is the total transmit power constraint of the macro base station, constraints (C2) and (C3) are the maximum number constraints of the connection state units and the absorption state units of the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface and their corresponding indicator matrix constraints, constraint (C4) represents the reflection phase coefficient constraint of the surface radiation unit working in the reflection state in the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface, N p Corresponding to the set of reflection state units.

[0094] In other embodiments, reference Figure 4 , providing a communication and perception integrated wireless communication transmission system based on an enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface, so as to make full use of the flexibility of the surface radiation unit of the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface, adjust the working mode according to different environments or channel conditions, and realize the dual functions of communication and perception.

[0095] The communication perception integrated wireless transmission system based on the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface in this embodiment includes a macro base station, K terminals (communication terminals), a perception target, and an enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface. t transmit antennas and M rreceiving antennas, serving K single-antenna communication terminals, and sensing a point target user with the assistance of an enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface. The number of radiation units of the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface is N; the fronthaul link is realized by a radio frequency cable; the macro base station is connected to the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface through the fronthaul link to realize state control and reflection phase control of all surface radiation units of the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface; the number of surface radiation units in the connected state can be specifically configured according to the requirements of the wireless communication transmission system of the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface; the number of surface radiation units in the absorbing state can be specifically configured according to the requirements of the wireless communication transmission system of the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface;

[0096] In this example, downlink data transmission is considered, where the transmission signals of the connected state units in the macro base station and the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface are x1 and x2 respectively, and the total transmission signal x is:

[0097]

[0098] Where F1 and F2 represent the transmit beamforming matrices at the macro base station and the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface, respectively, and F represents the total transmit beamforming matrix. For the communication system, the received signal of the kth communication terminal is:

[0099]

[0100] Among them, H br ,h bu,k , and h ru,k denote the channels between the macro base station and the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface, the macro base station and the kth communication terminal, and the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface and the kth terminal, respectively. Φ denotes the reflection phase coefficient matrix of the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface. The effective channel of the kth terminal is expressed as Then the signal-to-interference-noise ratio γ of the kth terminal is u,k for:

[0101]

[0102] For the perception system, the perception echo signal received by the macro base station can be divided into: the echo signal of the perception target after the signal sent by the macro base station, the echo signal of the perception target after the signal sent by the macro base station is reflected by the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface, and the echo signal of the perception target after the signal transmitted by the connected state unit. The final received echo signal of the macro base station is:

[0103]

[0104] Where α is the radar cross section coefficient, and This is an equivalent round-trip echo channel. Based on this echo signal and the receiving filter w, the signal-to-noise ratio of the perceived output is γ t for:

[0105]

[0106] Under the premise of meeting the service quality of communication users, the FPGA control module and switch drive circuit of the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface can be adjusted to make the surface radiation unit in the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface dynamically work in different modes, so as to maximize the perception signal-to-noise ratio and improve the target detection probability. The specific problems can be formulated as follows:

[0107]

[0108] Among them, constraint D1 is the minimum communication signal-to-interference-noise ratio constraint of each terminal, constraint D2 is the total transmission power constraint of the macro base station, constraints D3 and D4 represent the reflection phase coefficient constraints of the surface radiation units working in the reflection state in the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface, and constraints D5 and D6 are the indicator matrix constraints corresponding to the connection state units in the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface.

[0109] In summary, the embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects:

[0110] 1. This application can perform different signal processing on electromagnetic wave signals according to target requirements, such as phase adjustment reflection, signal reception and electromagnetic energy conversion, to achieve the integration of energy transmission and data transmission;

[0111] 2. This application can flexibly adjust the shape and size of the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface according to different environments and transmission requirements;

[0112] 3. This application can flexibly deploy the working mode of the surface radiation unit according to different environments and transmission requirements, thereby improving the anti-interference ability, target perception ability and data transmission performance of the wireless communication transmission system.

[0113] The embodiments described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0114] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the technical solutions shown in the figures do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application, and may include more or fewer steps than shown in the figures, or a combination of certain steps, or different steps.

[0115] The system embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment.

[0116] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or some of the steps in the methods disclosed above, and the functional modules / units in the systems and devices may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or a suitable combination thereof.

[0117] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the specification of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0118] It should be understood that in the present application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0119] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the system embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the above units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0120] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0121] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0122] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including multiple instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, referred to as ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, referred to as RAM), disk or optical disk and other media that can store programs.

[0123] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the rights of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made by a person skilled in the art without departing from the scope and essence of the present invention should be within the scope of the rights of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wireless communication system based on an enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface, characterized in that: include: Macro base stations, enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid smart metasurfaces, and fronthaul links; Among them, the enhanced distributed active and passive intelligent metasurface is composed of a control module, a switch driving circuit, a first surface radiation unit, a reflection phase modulation circuit, a connection direct circuit and an absorption load circuit; the control module is connected to the macro base station through the fronthaul link; the first surface radiation unit is enabled by the control module and the switch driving circuit, and is connected to the reflection phase modulation circuit or the connection direct circuit or the absorption load circuit; the connection direct circuit is connected to the macro base station through the fronthaul link.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The macro base station is used to perform state control and reflection phase control on all the first surface radiation units of the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface; The control module is used to receive a control instruction from the macro base station and change the circuit connection state of the enhanced distributed active and passive intelligent metasurface according to the control instruction; The switch driving circuit is used to be programmed and enabled by the control module and dynamically connected to one of the reflection phase modulation circuit, the connection through circuit, and the absorption load circuit; The first surface radiation unit is used to receive electromagnetic wave signals. After the control module and the switch drive circuit are enabled, it is connected to one of the reflection phase modulation circuit, the connection direct circuit, and the absorption load circuit to process the electromagnetic wave signal.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The first surface radiation unit is divided into an absorption state surface radiation unit, a connection state surface radiation unit, and a reflection state surface radiation unit according to the circuit connection state; The absorption state surface radiation unit is connected to the absorption load circuit and is used to convert the absorbed electromagnetic energy into electrical energy for energy storage or energy supply through a radio frequency to direct current circuit; The connected surface radiation unit is connected to the connected direct circuit, and is used to receive electromagnetic wave signals and transmit them to the macro base station for data processing; Or used to receive and forward the electromagnetic wave signal sent by the macro base station; The reflective surface radiation unit is connected to the reflective phase modulation circuit and is used to reflect the incident electromagnetic wave signal.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface is also used to enable the absorption load circuit of the first surface radiation unit of different numbers and / or positions to change its own shape and size according to system requirements.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The system further comprises: There are several cells and several terminals, and each of the cells has an enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface serving the several terminals.

6. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The number of connected surface radiation units of the lth enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface is a l And a l <<N l ; The number of the connected surface radiation units a l Configure according to the requirements of the wireless communication transmission system of the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface; The number of absorption-state surface radiation units of the lth enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface is b l And b l <N l ; The number b of the absorbing surface radiation unit l Configuring according to the requirements of the wireless communication transmission system of the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface; The number of the reflective surface radiation units of the lth enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface is c l And c l <N l ; said a l 、b l and c l The relationship satisfies a l +b l +c l =N l ; Among them, N l Represents the number of the first surface radiation units of the lth enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface.

7. A wireless communication method based on the wireless communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The state and reflection phase of all first surface radiation units of the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface are controlled through the macro base station; Receiving a control instruction from the macro base station through a control module, and changing a circuit connection state of the enhanced distributed active and passive intelligent metasurface according to the control instruction; Through the switch driving circuit, dynamically connected to one of the reflection phase modulation circuit, the direct-through circuit, and the absorption load circuit according to the enabling of the control module; The electromagnetic wave signal is received through the first surface radiation unit, and after the control module and the switch driving module are enabled, it is connected to one of the reflection phase modulation circuit, the connection direct circuit, and the absorption load circuit to process the electromagnetic wave signal.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The electromagnetic wave signal is received by the first surface radiation unit, and after the control module and the switch driving module are enabled, the electromagnetic wave signal is connected to one of the reflection phase modulation circuit, the connection through circuit, and the absorption load circuit to process the electromagnetic wave signal, including the following steps: The absorbed electromagnetic energy is converted into electrical energy for energy storage or energy supply through the absorbing surface radiation unit by means of a radio frequency direct current circuit; The electromagnetic wave signal is received through the connected surface radiation unit and transmitted to the macro base station for processing; or the electromagnetic wave signal sent by the macro base station is received through the connected surface radiation unit and forwarded; The incident electromagnetic wave signal is reflected by the reflective surface radiation unit.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method further comprises the following steps: According to system requirements, the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface is used to enable absorption load circuits of different numbers and / or positions of first surface radiation units, thereby changing the shape and size of the enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface.

10. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The method further comprises: Divide the terminals into several cells; An enhanced distributed active-passive hybrid intelligent metasurface is configured for each cell to serve the terminals in the cell.

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