Solar cell and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The present application discloses a solar cell and photovoltaic module, belonging to the field of photovoltaic technology. The solar cell includes a cell body having a width L1 along a first direction; a graphic region disposed on a surface of the cell body, the graphic region having a plurality of collector electrodes extending along a second direction, the collector electrodes including a first collector electrode and a second collector electrode, the first collector electrode and the second collector electrode being arranged at intervals along the first direction, the second direction being different from the first direction; the cell body having a first side edge and a second side edge disposed opposite each other, the first side edge and the second side edge including a portion extending along the second direction; a distance D1 between a position of the graphic region proximate to the first side edge and the first side edge; when the first and second collector electrodes have opposite polarities, the relationship 80≤L1 / D1≤400 is satisfied; and / or when the first and second collector electrodes have the same polarity, the relationship 50≤L1 / D1≤350 is satisfied.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to a Chinese patent application filed with the Patent Office of China on May 15, 2024, with application number 202421065934.9 and entitled “A Solar Cell and Photovoltaic Module,” the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a solar cell and a photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0003] Solar cells are the core components of photovoltaic modules, converting solar energy into electricity. The surface of the cell is equipped with multiple fine grids, which are arranged in a first direction and extend in a second direction. These grids collect the current generated by the cell.

[0004] The area where multiple fine grids are located is the electrode pattern area. The industry has not paid attention to how to set the distance between the electrode pattern area and the edge of the cell to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency and yield of the cell when the cell sizes, cell types and cell manufacturing processes are different. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application discloses a solar cell and a photovoltaic module to solve or at least partially solve the problem in the prior art of how to set the distance between the electrode pattern area and the edge of the cell to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency and yield of the cell.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application discloses a solar cell, comprising a cell body, wherein the width of the cell body along a first direction is L1; a graphic area, wherein the graphic area is arranged on a surface of the cell body, and wherein the graphic area has a plurality of collecting electrodes extending along a second direction, wherein the collecting electrodes include a first collecting electrode and a second collecting electrode, and the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are arranged at intervals along the first direction; wherein the second direction is different from the first direction; the cell body has a first side edge and a second side edge arranged opposite to each other, the first side edge and the second side edge include a portion extending along the second direction, and a distance D1 between a position of the graphic area close to the first side edge and the first side edge; when the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, 80≤L1 / D1≤400 is satisfied; and / or, when the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are the same, 50≤L1 / D1≤350 is satisfied.

[0008] Optionally, when the polarity of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, the number of the first collecting electrodes or the second collecting electrodes is M, satisfying 0.9≤M / L1≤1.8; and / or, when the polarity of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are the same, the sum of the number of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode is M, satisfying 0.9≤M / L1≤1.8.

[0009] Optionally, when the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode have opposite polarities, 0.93≤M / L1≤1.5 is satisfied; and / or when the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode have the same polarity, 0.93≤M / L1≤1.5 is satisfied.

[0010] Optionally, the battery cell body further includes a chamfer, and both ends of the first side are directly connected to the chamfer; along the first direction, the distance between the position of the graphic area close to the second side and the second side is D3, satisfying 0.5≤D3:D1≤1.

[0011] Optionally, when the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, along the first direction, the distance between adjacent first collecting electrodes and the second collecting electrodes is N, satisfying 11.00≤L1 / (D1+N)≤37.02; and / or, satisfying N≤D1≤2N.

[0012] Optionally, along the first direction, the distance between two adjacent first collecting electrodes or second collecting electrodes located at the edge is N1, and the distance between two adjacent first collecting electrodes or second collecting electrodes located in the middle is N2, satisfying D1<N1<N2, and / or 2D1>N1, or 2D1>N2, or 2N1>N2.

[0013] Optionally, along the second direction, the length of the battery cell body is L2, and the distance between the position of the graphic area close to the edge of the battery cell body and the same edge of the battery cell body is D2; when the polarity of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, 150≤L2 / D2≤750 is satisfied; and / or, when the polarity of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are the same, 50≤L2 / D2≤650 is satisfied.

[0014] Optionally, D1≥D2 is satisfied.

[0015] Optionally, when the battery cell body is a rectangular structure or a quasi-rectangular structure, when the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode have opposite polarities, L1 / D1≤L2 / D2 is satisfied; and / or, when the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode have the same polarity, L1 / D1≥L2 / D2 is satisfied.

[0016] Optionally, 75mm≤L1≤175mm is satisfied; and / or, along the second direction, the length of the battery cell body is L2, which satisfies 150mm≤L2≤350mm; and / or, the area of ​​the battery cell body is S, which satisfies 11250mm 2 ≤S≤61250mm 2 .

[0017] Optionally, 50≤M≤225 is satisfied.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present application discloses a solar cell, comprising a cell body having a width L1 along a first direction; a graphic region disposed on a surface of the cell body, the graphic region comprising two graphic regions, the two graphic regions being spaced apart along the first direction, the graphic region comprising a plurality of collecting electrodes extending along a second direction, the collecting electrodes comprising a first collecting electrode and a second collecting electrode, the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode being spaced apart along the first direction; wherein the second direction is different from the first direction; the cell body comprising a first side edge and a second side edge opposed to each other, the first side edge and the second side edge including portions extending along the second direction; a distance between a position of the graphic region proximate to the first side edge and the first side edge, and a distance between a position of the graphic region proximate to the second side edge and the second side edge are both D1; when the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode have opposite polarities, 80≤L1 / 2D1≤400 is satisfied; and / or when the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode have the same polarity, 50≤L1 / 2D1≤350 is satisfied.

[0019] Optionally, when the polarity of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, the number of the first collecting electrodes or the second collecting electrodes is M, satisfying 0.9≤M / L1≤1.8; or, when the polarity of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are the same, the sum of the number of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode is M, satisfying 0.9≤M / L1≤1.8.

[0020] Optionally, when the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode have opposite polarities, 0.93≤M / L1≤1.5 is satisfied; and / or when the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode have the same polarity, 0.93≤M / L1≤1.5 is satisfied.

[0021] Optionally, the battery cell body further includes a chamfer, both ends of the first side are directly connected to the chamfer, both ends of the second side are directly connected to the chamfer, and along the first direction, the distance between the two graphic areas is D3, satisfying 0.5≤D3:2D1≤1.

[0022] Optionally, when the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, within the same graphic area, along the first direction, the distance between adjacent first collecting electrodes and the second collecting electrodes is N, satisfying 11.00≤L1 / 2(D1+N)≤37.02, and / or satisfying N≤D1≤2N.

[0023] Optionally, within the same graphic area, along the first direction, the distance between two adjacent first collecting electrodes or second collecting electrodes located in the edge area is N1, and the distance between two adjacent first collecting electrodes or second collecting electrodes located in the middle area is N2, satisfying D1<N1<N2, and / or, 2D1>N1, or, 2D1>N2, or, 2N1>N2.

[0024] Optionally, along the second direction, the length of the battery cell body is L2, and the distance between the position of the graphic area close to the edge of the battery cell body and the same edge of the battery cell body is D2; when the polarity of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, 150≤L2 / D2≤750 is satisfied; and / or, when the polarity of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are the same, 50≤L2 / D2≤650 is satisfied.

[0025] Optionally, D1≥D2 is satisfied.

[0026] Optionally, when the battery cell body is a rectangular structure or a quasi-rectangular structure, when the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode have opposite polarities, L1 / 2D1≤L2 / D2 is satisfied, and / or when the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode have the same polarity, L1 / 2D1≥L2 / D2 is satisfied.

[0027] Optionally, 75mm≤L1 / 2≤175mm is satisfied, and / or, along the second direction, the length of the battery cell body is L2, which satisfies 150mm≤L2≤350mm, and / or, the area of ​​the battery cell body is S, which satisfies 11250mm 2 ≤S / 2≤61250mm 2 .

[0028] Optionally, 50≤M / 2≤225 is satisfied.

[0029] In a third aspect, the present application further discloses a photovoltaic module, which includes a plurality of solar cells as described in the first aspect, wherein the plurality of solar cells are arranged at intervals.

[0030] The present application discloses a solar cell and a photovoltaic module. The solar cell includes a cell body and a graphic area disposed on the surface of the cell body. Along a first direction, the cell body has a width of L1. The graphic area includes a plurality of collecting electrodes extending along a second direction. The collecting electrodes include a first collecting electrode and a second collecting electrode. The first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are arranged at intervals along the first direction. The cell body includes a first side edge and a second side edge that are disposed opposite to each other. The first side edge and the second side edge include a portion extending along the second direction. The distance between the position of the graphic area close to the first side edge and the first side edge is D1. When the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, 80≤L1 / D1≤400 is satisfied; and / or, when the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are the same, 50≤L1 / D1≤350 is satisfied.

[0031] In the present application, when the polarities of the first collector electrode and the second collector electrode are opposite, L1 / D1 is set to be greater than or equal to 80 and less than or equal to 400. And / or, when the polarities of the first collector electrode and the second collector electrode are the same, L1 / D1 is set to be greater than or equal to 50 and less than or equal to 350. Through the above settings, the ratio of L1 / D1 can meet the size requirements of D1 for cells with different widths L1. This reduces the difficulty of alignment during the formation of the fine grid and improves the yield of the fine grid. Furthermore, through the above settings, the risk of fine grid overlap can be reduced, and the shading loss can be reduced, so as to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the solar cell described in the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the solar cell described in the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing a partial structure of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a busbar line of a solar cell in the prior art;

[0036] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the structure of the interconnection portion of a solar cell in the prior art;

[0037] Figure 6 A side view showing stress distribution of a welding strip in the prior art;

[0038] Figure 7A schematic diagram showing the structure of a busbar line of a solar cell in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the structure of the interconnection portion of a solar cell in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 9 A side view showing stress distribution of the welding strip in an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0041] Reference numerals:

[0042] 10: battery cell body; 11: first side; 12: second side;

[0043] 20: Graphics area;

[0044] 30: busbar line; 31: interconnection; 32: connection line;

[0045] 40: welding strip;

[0046] A: first direction; B: second direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the fixed scope of this application.

[0048] It should be understood that references throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic associated with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, the appearances of "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" throughout this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0049] Along a first direction, the cell has a first side and a second side that are oppositely disposed. Along the first direction, as the cell width increases, the transmission resistance increases, requiring a denser arrangement of the fine grids. Simultaneously, the distance between the electrode pattern area and the first side of the cell needs to be adjusted. As the cell width decreases, the light shielding increases, requiring a sparser arrangement of the fine grids. The distance between the electrode pattern area and the first side of the cell also needs to be adjusted.

[0050] If the distance between the electrode pattern area and the first side of the cell along the first direction is too close, the tolerance for fine grid offset will be reduced, increasing the difficulty of alignment during fine grid formation and reducing the fine grid yield. If the distance between the electrode pattern area and the first side of the cell along the first direction is too far, the distance between adjacent fine grids will become narrower, increasing the risk of fine grid overlap and increasing shading losses, affecting the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the cell.

[0051] In back-contact solar cells, both the positive and negative electrode grids are located on the same surface of the cell, that is, on the backside. This increases the distance between adjacent positive or negative electrode grids, leading to a longer carrier transport distance. As the cell width increases along the first direction, carrier transport becomes more difficult in back-contact solar cells compared to double-contact solar cells.

[0052] Furthermore, in back-contact solar cells, both the positive and negative electrode gratings are located on the back of the cell, resulting in greater shading losses compared to double-contact solar cells. In other words, as the cell width decreases along the first direction, back-contact solar cells experience more severe shading losses.

[0053] Therefore, for back-contact solar cells and double-sided contact solar cells, after the width of the cell changes along the first direction, the distance between the fine grid closest to the first side of the cell and the first side of the cell is adjusted to different degrees. To overcome the aforementioned increased losses, the width of the back-contact solar cell is set slightly smaller, and the ratio of the cell width to the distance between the fine grid closest to the first side of the cell and the first side of the cell along the first direction is slightly larger.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 , showing the structure of the solar cell described in the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 .

[0055] like Figure 1As shown, an embodiment of the present application discloses a solar cell, which includes a cell body 10, wherein the width of the cell body 10 along a first direction A is L1; a graphic area 20, wherein the graphic area 20 is arranged on the surface of the cell body 10, and wherein the graphic area 20 has a plurality of collecting electrodes (not shown) extending along a second direction B, wherein the collecting electrodes include a first collecting electrode (not shown) and a second collecting electrode (not shown), and the first collecting electrodes and the second collecting electrodes are arranged at intervals along the first direction A; wherein the second direction B is different from the first direction A; the cell body 10 has a first side 11 and a second side 12 arranged opposite to each other, wherein the first side 11 and the second side 12 include portions extending along the second direction B, and a distance D1 between a position of the graphic area 20 close to the first side 11 and the first side 11; when the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, 50≤L1 / D1≤400 is satisfied; and / or, when the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are the same, 50≤L1 / D1≤350 is satisfied.

[0056] The present invention discloses a solar cell, a core component of a photovoltaic module that converts solar energy into battery energy. The solar cell has a light-receiving side facing the sunlight, also known as the front side. The solar cell also has a backlight side facing away from the sunlight, also known as the back side.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, the solar cell disclosed in this application includes a cell body 10 and a graphic area 20 disposed on the surface of the cell body 10. The graphic area 20 can be disposed on the front or back of the cell body 10. This embodiment of the present application does not impose any specific limitations on this. In actual applications, technicians can configure it as needed.

[0058] The cell body 10 may have a rectangular structure, a square structure, or a quasi-rectangular structure. A quasi-rectangular structure refers to a rectangular cell having rounded or square chamfered corners, which are directly connected to the first side 11 of the cell body 10. Of course, the cell body 10 may also have other shapes. In the embodiments of the present application, the specific structure of the cell body 10 is not excessively limited.

[0059] The following description will be made using a rectangular cell body 10 as an example. In the case of a rectangular cell body 10, the width of the cell body 10 along the first direction A is L1, and the length of the cell body 10 along the second direction B is L2.

[0060] It should be noted that if Figure 1As shown, the solar cell in the embodiment of the present application is a half-cell solar cell. It is understood that the half-cell solar cell can be formed by cutting a whole solar cell before forming the collector electrode, or by cutting a whole solar cell after forming the collector electrode, or by directly preparing a half-cell solar cell from a half silicon wafer formed by cutting a silicon wafer.

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, the graphic region 20 is provided on the surface of the cell body 10 and has a plurality of collecting electrodes, also known as fine grids, extending along the second direction B. The area occupied by the plurality of collecting electrodes on the surface of the cell body 10 is called the graphic region 20 .

[0062] It should be noted that the graphic area 20 can be a rectangular structure, a quasi-rectangular structure, a square structure, or a structure of other shapes. In the embodiment of the present application, there are no excessive restrictions on the specific shape of the graphic area 20. In actual applications, technicians can set the specific structure of the graphic area 20 as needed.

[0063] The following description will be made by taking the graphic area 20 as a rectangular structure as an example.

[0064] It should be noted that the collecting electrodes in the embodiment of the present application include a first collecting electrode and a second collecting electrode. The first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode both extend along the second direction B and are arranged at intervals along the first direction A.

[0065] like Figure 1 As shown, when the battery cell body 10 is a rectangular structure, the battery cell body 10 has a first side 11 and a second side 12 that are oppositely disposed. The first side 11 and the second side 12 include portions extending along the second direction B. The graphic area 20 is also a rectangular structure. The distance between the graphic area 20 near the first side 11 and the first side 11 is set to D1.

[0066] It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the position of the graphic region 20 close to the first side 11 is the position of the collector electrode located closest to the first side 11 within the graphic region 20. D1 is the distance between the collector electrode located closest to the first side 11 and the first side 11.

[0067] When the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, that is, when the solar cell is a back-contact solar cell, 80≤L1 / D1≤400 is satisfied. In the embodiment of the present application, the ratio of the width L1 of the cell body 10 and the distance D1 between the position of the graphic region 20 close to the first side 11 and the first side 11 is set to be greater than or equal to 80 and less than or equal to 400. While taking into account the difficulty of carrier transmission and electrode shielding loss, the difficulty of electrode alignment and the risk of electrode overlap are reduced, thereby improving the yield and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0068] For example, when the first and second collecting electrodes have opposite polarities, the ratio of the width L1 of the cell body 10 to the distance D1 between the position of the patterned region 20 near the first side 11 and the first side 11 can be 80, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 225, 250, 300, 350, 380, 400, etc. When the first and second collecting electrodes have the same polarity, i.e., when the solar cell is a bifacial solar cell, the relationship 50 ≤ L1 / D1 ≤ 350 is satisfied. In this embodiment of the present application, by setting the ratio of the width L1 of the cell body 10 to the distance D1 between the position of the patterned region 20 near the first side 11 and the first side 11 to be greater than or equal to 50 and less than or equal to 350, this balances the difficulty of carrier transmission and electrode shielding loss, while also reducing the difficulty of electrode alignment and the risk of electrode overlap, thereby improving the yield and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0069] Exemplarily, when the polarity of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode is the same, the ratio of the width L1 of the battery cell body 10 and the distance D1 between the position of the graphic area 20 close to the first side 11 and the first side 11 can be 50, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160, 180, 220, 250, 300, 350, etc.

[0070] Optionally, when the polarity of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode is opposite, the number of the first collecting electrode or the second collecting electrode is M, satisfying 0.9≤M / L1≤1.8; or, when the polarity of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode is the same, the sum of the number of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode is M, satisfying 0.9≤M / L1≤1.8.

[0071] When the polarities of the first and second current collecting electrodes are opposite, that is, two electrodes with opposite polarities are provided on the surface of the solar cell, the solar cell is a back-contact solar cell. The number of first current collecting electrodes, M, or the number of second current collecting electrodes, M, satisfies 0.9 ≤ M / L1 ≤ 1.8.

[0072] In the embodiment of the present application, by setting the ratio of the number M of the first collecting electrodes or the second collecting electrodes to the width L1 of the battery cell body 10 to be greater than or equal to 0.9 and less than or equal to 1.8, the surface of the battery cell body 10 has a sufficient number of collecting electrodes, thereby ensuring the current collection efficiency of the solar cell and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0073] For example, when the polarity of the first and second collecting electrodes is opposite, along the first direction A, the width of the cell body 10 is L1, and the number of first collecting electrodes is M, satisfying M / L1 = 0.9. Alternatively, M / L1 = 1.2. When the polarity of the first and second collecting electrodes is opposite, along the first direction A, the width of the cell body 10 is L1, and the number of second collecting electrodes is M, satisfying M / L1 = 1.5. Alternatively, M / L1 = 1.8.

[0074] It should be noted that when the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, that is, when the solar cell is a back-contact solar cell, if the number of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode is not equal, the number of M shall be based on the larger number of the first collecting electrode or the second collecting electrode.

[0075] When the polarity of the first and second current collecting electrodes is the same, that is, only electrodes of one polarity are provided on the surface of the solar cell, the solar cell is called a bifacial solar cell. The sum of the number of first and second current collecting electrodes is M, and 0.9 ≤ M / L1 ≤ 1.8 is satisfied.

[0076] In the embodiment of the present application, by setting the ratio of the sum M of the number of the first collecting electrodes and the second collecting electrodes to the width L1 of the cell body 10 to be greater than or equal to 0.9 and less than or equal to 1.8, the surface of the cell body 10 has a sufficient number of collecting electrodes, thereby ensuring the current collection efficiency of the solar cell and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0077] For example, when the polarity of the first and second collecting electrodes is the same, along the first direction A, the width of the battery cell body 10 is L1, and the sum of the number of first and second collecting electrodes is M, M / L1 = 0.9. Alternatively, M / L1 = 1.25. Alternatively, M / L1 = 1.5. Alternatively, M / L1 = 1.8.

[0078] Preferably, when the first and second current collecting electrodes have opposite polarities, 0.93≤M / L1≤1.5 is satisfied; or, when the first and second current collecting electrodes have the same polarity, 0.93≤M / L1≤1.5 is satisfied. This ensures that the surface of the cell body 10 has sufficient current collecting electrodes, thereby ensuring the current collection efficiency of the solar cell and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0079] Alternatively, as Figure 1 As shown, the battery cell body 10 includes a chamfer, and both ends of the first side 11 are directly connected to the chamfer; along the first direction A, the distance between the position of the graphic area 20 close to the second side 12 and the second side 12 is D3, satisfying 0.5≤D3:D1≤1.

[0080] like Figure 1 As shown, in the embodiment of the present application, the distance between the position of the graphic region 20 near the second side 12 and the second side 12 along the first direction A is set to D3, where 0.5≤D3:D1≤1. Through this setting, the area of ​​the graphic region 20 can be increased and the position of the graphic region 20 can be clarified, thereby maximizing the utilization of the surface area of ​​the cell body 10 and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0081] Furthermore, the area near the second side 12 of the cell body 10 may be partially damaged during dicing after forming the cell. Therefore, D3:D1 is set to be less than or equal to 1. However, D3 cannot be too small, as this will affect the carrier collection area. Therefore, in this embodiment of the present application, D3:D1 is set to be greater than or equal to 0.5.

[0082] Exemplarily, D3:D1=0.5; or D3:D1=0.7; or D3:D1=0.9; or D3:D1=1.

[0083] It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the position of the graphic area 20 close to the second side 12 is the position of the collector electrode located closest to the second side 12 within the graphic area 20. D3 is the distance between the collector electrode located closest to the second side 12 and the second side 12.

[0084] Optionally, when the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode have opposite polarities, along the first direction A, the distance between adjacent first collecting electrodes and the second collecting electrodes is N, satisfying 11.00≤L1 / (D1+N)≤37.02; and / or, satisfying N≤D1≤2N.

[0085] When the polarities of the first and second collecting electrodes are opposite, that is, when the solar cell is a back-contact solar cell, the back side of the cell body 10 has multiple first collecting electrodes and multiple second collecting electrodes. These multiple first collecting electrodes and multiple second collecting electrodes extend along the second direction B and are alternately arranged along the first direction A on the back side of the cell body 10. Along the first direction A, the distance N between adjacent first collecting electrodes and second collecting electrodes satisfies 11.00 ≤ L1 / (D1+N) ≤ 37.02.

[0086] Through the above-mentioned setting, the probability of successful alignment of the electrode pattern of the back-contact solar cell can be improved, the transmission resistance can be reduced, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell can be improved.

[0087] For example, L1 / (D1+N)=11.00. Alternatively, L1 / (D1+N)=15. Alternatively, L1 / (D1+N)=20. Alternatively, L1 / (D1+N)=25. Alternatively, L1 / (D1+N)=30. Alternatively, L1 / (D1+N)=35, etc.

[0088] In the embodiment of the present application, the distance between adjacent first and second collecting electrodes is set to N, and the distance between the position of the pattern area 20 near the first side 11 and the first side 11 is set to D1, satisfying N≤D1≤2N. This arrangement ensures that carriers at the edge of the solar cell are fully collected, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0089] Alternatively, as Figure 3 As shown, along the first direction A, the distance between two adjacent first collecting electrodes or second collecting electrodes located at the edge is N1, and the distance between two adjacent first collecting electrodes or second collecting electrodes located in the middle is N2, satisfying D1<N1<N2, and / or, 2D1>N1, or, 2D1>N2, or, 2N1>N2.

[0090] When arranging the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode, the distance between the two adjacent collecting electrodes can be set to be equal along the first direction A, as in the above-mentioned embodiment. Alternatively, as in the embodiment of the present application, the distance between the two adjacent collecting electrodes along the first direction A can be set to be unequal, and the specific position of the unequal position can be selected according to actual needs. For example, the distance between the two adjacent collecting electrodes located in the middle is equal, which is conducive to the uniform collection of carriers, and the distance between the two adjacent collecting electrodes located at the edge is increased or decreased, so as to leave enough space for the distance D1 between the position of the graphic area 20 close to the first side 11 and the first side 11.

[0091] It should be noted that the solar cell in the embodiment of the present application can be a back-contact solar cell or a double-sided contact solar cell. When the above-mentioned unequally spaced collector electrode design is applied to a back-contact cell, the distance between the three positive and negative collector electrodes located at the edge can be increased or decreased to leave sufficient space for the distance D1 between the position of the pattern area 20 near the first side 11 and the first side 11.

[0092] Alternatively, as Figure 1 As shown, along the second direction B, the length of the battery cell body 10 is L2, and the distance between the position of the graphic area 20 close to the edge of the battery cell body 10 and the same edge of the battery cell body 10 is D2; when the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, 150≤L2 / D2≤750 is satisfied; and / or, when the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are the same, 50≤L2 / D2≤650 is satisfied.

[0093] If the length L2 of the cell body 10 increases along the second direction B, the transmission resistance increases, and the fine grids become longer. In the second direction B, the distance D2 between the position of the patterned area 20 near the edge of the cell body 10 and the same edge of the cell body 10 needs to be adjusted. If the length L2 of the cell body 10 decreases along the second direction B, the light shielding increases, and the fine grids become shorter. In the second direction B, the distance D2 between the position of the patterned area 20 near the edge of the cell body 10 and the same edge of the cell body 10 also needs to be adjusted.

[0094] However, along the second direction B, the distance D2 between the patterned area 20 near the edge of the cell body 10 and the same edge of the cell body 10 is too close, reducing tolerance for electrode offset, increasing alignment difficulties, and lowering fine grid yield. Along the second direction B, the distance D2 between the patterned area 20 near the edge of the cell body 10 and the same edge of the cell body 10 is too far, preventing sufficient carrier collection, resulting in current loss and reduced photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0095] By controlling the ratio of L2 / D2, the design requirements of D2 for cells of different sizes can be met. While taking into account the transmission resistance and shading loss, the difficulty of fine gate alignment and the carrier collection loss can be reduced, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell.

[0096] In back-contact solar cells, both the positive and negative electrodes are located on the back of the cell. This increases the distance between adjacent positive and negative electrodes, leading to a greater carrier transmission distance. Compared to double-contact solar cells, increasing L2 further complicates carrier transmission.

[0097] Similarly, for back-contact solar cells, where both the positive and negative electrode grids are located on the back of the cell, shading losses are greater. Relative to double-sided contact solar cells, a smaller L2 further exacerbates shading losses.

[0098] Therefore, for back-contact solar cells and double-sided contact solar cells, after L2 changes, the adjustment range of D2 is different. To overcome the above-mentioned aggravated loss, D2 of the back-contact solar cell will be smaller and the ratio of L2 / D2 will be slightly larger.

[0099] like Figure 1 As shown, when the cell body 10 is a rectangular structure, the length of the cell body 10 is L2 along the second direction B. Along the second direction B, the distance between the position of the pattern area 20 close to the edge of the cell body 10 and the same edge of the cell body 10 is set to D2.

[0100] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the position of the patterned area 20 close to the edge of the battery cell body 10 along the second direction B is the position of the end of the collector electrode close to the edge of the battery cell body 10 along the second direction B. D2 is the distance along the second direction B between the end close to the edge of the battery cell body 10 and the same edge of the battery cell body 10.

[0101] When the polarities of the first and second collecting electrodes are opposite, that is, when the solar cell is a back-contact solar cell, 150 ≤ L2 / D2 ≤ 750 is satisfied. In this embodiment of the present application, the ratio of the length L2 of the cell body 10 to the distance D2 between the position of the graphic area 20 near the edge of the cell body 10 along the second direction B and the same edge of the cell body 10 is set to be greater than or equal to 150 and less than or equal to 750. While taking into account both transmission resistance and shading loss, the difficulty of fine gate alignment and carrier collection loss are reduced, thereby improving the yield and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0102] Exemplarily, when the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, the ratio of the length L2 of the battery cell body 10 and the distance D2 between the position of the graphic area 20 close to the edge of the battery cell body 10 along the second direction B and the same edge of the battery cell body 10 can be 150, 180, 200, 220, 240, 260, 280, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, etc.

[0103] When the polarity of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode is the same, that is, when the solar cell is a bifacial solar cell, 50≤L2 / D2≤650 is satisfied. In the embodiment of the present application, the ratio of the length L2 of the cell body 10 and the distance D2 between the position of the graphic area 20 near the edge of the cell body 10 along the second direction B and the same edge of the cell body 10 is set to be greater than or equal to 50 and less than or equal to 650. While taking into account both transmission resistance and shading loss, the difficulty of fine gate alignment and carrier collection loss are reduced, thereby improving the yield and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0104] Exemplarily, when the polarity of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode is the same, the ratio of the length L2 of the battery cell body 10 and the distance D2 between the position of the graphic area 20 close to the edge of the battery cell body 10 along the second direction B and the same edge of the battery cell body 10 can be 50, 70, 90, 110, 130, 150, 170, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, etc.

[0105] When the battery cell is a half-cell cell with a rectangular structure, for example, along the first direction A, the width L1 of the battery cell is 105.1 mm, and along the second direction B, the length L2 of the battery cell is 182.3 mm, the limit dimensions are: L1 / D1 = 350, and / or, L2 / D2 = 607. It should be noted that L1 / D1 and L2 / D2 in the embodiments of the present application can be applied separately or simultaneously, and the same applies below and will not be repeated here.

[0106] When the width L1 of the cell along the first direction A is 105.1 mm and the length L2 of the cell along the second direction B is 182.3 mm, the dimensions suitable for mass production are: L1 / D1=263, and / or, L2 / D2=456.

[0107] Alternatively, when the width L1 of the battery cell is 105.1 mm along the first direction A and the length L2 of the battery cell is 182.3 mm along the second direction B, the size of the slice during the battery manufacturing process or after the battery preparation is: L1 / D1=175, and / or, L2 / D2=304.

[0108] It should be noted that the dimensional tolerance of the battery cells in the above embodiments is within ±0.25 mm. In the embodiments of the present application, the dimensional tolerance of the battery cells is also within ±0.25 mm.

[0109] Optionally, D1≥D2 is satisfied.

[0110] In the embodiment of the present application, the distance D1 between the position of the graphic region 20 near the first side 11 and the first side 11 is set to be greater than or equal to the distance D2 between the position of the graphic region 20 near the edge of the cell body 10 and the same edge of the cell body 10 along the second direction B. In other words, the distance D2 between the position of the graphic region 20 near the edge of the cell body 10 and the same edge of the cell body 10 along the second direction B is less than or equal to the distance D1 between the position of the graphic region 20 near the first side 11 and the first side 11. This setting ensures that the edge of the solar cell has an appropriate current collection area, thereby ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0111] Optionally, when the battery cell body 10 is a rectangular structure or a quasi-rectangular structure, when the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode have opposite polarities, L1 / D1≤L2 / D2 is satisfied; and / or, when the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode have the same polarity, L1 / D1≥L2 / D2 is satisfied.

[0112] When the cell body 10 has a rectangular or quasi-rectangular structure, and the polarities of the first and second collecting electrodes are opposite, that is, when the solar cell is a back-contact solar cell, L1 / D1 ≤ L2 / D2 is satisfied. When the cell body 10 has a rectangular or quasi-rectangular structure, and the polarities of the first and second collecting electrodes are the same, that is, when the solar cell is a bifacial cell, L1 / D1 ≥ L2 / D2 is satisfied.

[0113] It should be noted that if Figure 1 As shown, the quasi-rectangular structure in the embodiment of the present application refers to the chamfers at both ends of the first side 11 of the battery cell body 10. The chamfers can be circular or square. In this embodiment of the present application, there is no specific limitation on this. In actual applications, technicians can set it as needed.

[0114] Optionally, 75 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 175 mm is satisfied; and / or, along the second direction B, the length of the battery cell body 10 is L2, which satisfies 150 mm ≤ L2 ≤ 350 mm; and / or, the area of ​​the battery cell body 10 is S, which satisfies 11250 mm 2 ≤S≤61250mm 2 .

[0115] like Figure 1 As shown, the battery cell body 10 in the embodiment of the present application is a rectangular structure. Along the first direction A, the width of the battery cell body 10 is L1, and along the second direction B, the length of the battery cell body 10 is L2.

[0116] Wherein, 75mm≤L1≤175mm is satisfied. For example, L1=75mm; or L1=80mm; or L1=100mm; or L1=125mm; or L1=150mm; or L1=175mm.

[0117] Wherein, 150mm≤L2≤350mm is satisfied. For example, L2=150mm; or L2=175mm; or L2=200mm; or L2=225mm; or L2=250mm; or L2=300mm; or L2=350mm.

[0118] In the embodiment of the present application, the area of ​​the cell body 10 is S. When the cell body 10 is a rectangular structure, the area S is the product of the width L1 of the cell body 10 and the length L2 of the cell body 10. 2 ≤S≤61250mm 2 For example, S=11250mm 2 ; Or, satisfy S = 28125mm 2 ; Or, satisfy S = 37500mm 2 ; Or, satisfy S = 61250mm 2 .

[0119] Optionally, 50≤M≤225 is satisfied.

[0120] In the case of a back-contact solar cell, the number of first collecting electrodes M, or the number of second collecting electrodes M, within the pattern area 20 satisfies 50≤M≤225. This ensures that there are sufficient collecting electrodes within the pattern area 20 to ensure the current collection efficiency of the solar cell and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0121] Exemplarily, M=50 is satisfied; or M=100 is satisfied; or M=150 is satisfied; or M=175 is satisfied; or M=200 is satisfied; or M=225 is satisfied.

[0122] In the case of a bifacial solar cell, the sum of the number of first and second current collecting electrodes within the pattern region 20 is M, satisfying 50≤M≤225. This ensures that there are sufficient current collecting electrodes within the pattern region 20 to ensure the current collection efficiency of the solar cell and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0123] Exemplarily, M=50 is satisfied; or M=75 is satisfied; or M=125 is satisfied; or M=150 is satisfied; or M=200 is satisfied; or M=225 is satisfied.

[0124] Reference Figure 4 , shows a schematic structural diagram of a busbar line of a solar cell in the prior art; Figure 5 , shows a schematic structural diagram of the interconnection portion of a solar cell in the prior art; Figure 6 , shows a side view of stress distribution of the welding strip in the prior art.

[0125] like Figures 4 to 6 As shown, in the prior art, a solar cell is provided with a plurality of busbar lines on its surface. The plurality of busbar lines extend along a first direction A and are spaced apart along a second direction B. Furthermore, the distance between two adjacent busbar lines along the second direction B is equal. However, the arrangement of the busbar lines in the prior art results in a low photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0126] Reference Figure 7 , shows a schematic structural diagram of the busbar line of the solar cell in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 , shows a schematic structural diagram of the interconnection portion of the solar cell in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 9 , shows a side view of the stress distribution of the welding strip in an embodiment of the present application.

[0127] like Figures 7 to 9 As shown, in the solar cell disclosed in the embodiment of the present application, the surface of the cell body 10 is provided with a plurality of bus bars 30 extending along a first direction A and arranged at intervals along a second direction B, wherein, along the second direction B, there is a first distance a between two adjacent bus bars 30 close to the edge of the cell body 10, and a second distance b between two adjacent bus bars 30 relatively far from the edge of the cell body 10, satisfying a>b, so as to improve the carrier collection efficiency, reduce current adaptation, and avoid the cracking problem caused by edge welding.

[0128] In the embodiment of the present application, the busbar lines 30 are connected to the collector electrodes, which collect the current generated by the cell body 10. The busbar lines 30 aggregate and transmit the current collected by the collector electrodes. The busbar lines 30 can be located on either the front or back side of the cell body 10. This embodiment of the present application does not impose any specific limitations on this. In actual applications, technicians can configure the busbar lines as needed.

[0129] It should be noted that the bus bar lines 30 are conductive.

[0130] like Figures 7 to 9As shown, in the embodiment of the present application, along the second direction B, the distance between two adjacent busbar lines 30 near the edge of the cell body 10 is set to a first distance a, and the distance between two adjacent busbar lines 30 relatively far from the edge of the cell body 10 is set to a second distance b. It can be understood that, along the second direction B, the first distance a is closer to the side of the cell body 10 than the second distance b. The first distance a is greater than the second distance b.

[0131] In the embodiment of the present application, along the second direction B, the distance between two adjacent busbar lines 30 near the edge of the cell body 10 is set to a first distance a, and the distance between two adjacent busbar lines 30 relatively far from the edge of the cell body 10 is set to a second distance b. Furthermore, the first distance a is set to be greater than the second distance b. This improves carrier collection efficiency, reduces current adaptation, and avoids chip cracking caused by edge welding.

[0132] Optionally, 0<ab≤5mm is satisfied; and / or 15mm≤a≤25mm and 15mm≤b≤25mm are satisfied.

[0133] In this embodiment, along the second direction B, the difference between the first distance a between two adjacent busbar lines 30 relatively close to the edge of the cell body 10 and the second distance b between two adjacent busbar lines 30 relatively far from the edge of the cell body 10 is set to be greater than 0 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm. This balances current collection and improves the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0134] Exemplarily, the difference between the first distance a and the second distance b may be set to 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, etc.

[0135] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present application, there are no excessive restrictions on the specific lengths of the first distance a and the second distance b. It is sufficient as long as the second distance b is greater than the first distance a. In actual applications, technicians can set the specific values ​​of the second distance b and the first distance a as needed.

[0136] In the embodiment of the present application, a first distance a between two adjacent busbar lines 30 near the edge of the cell body 10 along the second direction B is set to be greater than or equal to 15 mm and less than or equal to 25 mm. For example, the first distance a can be 15 mm, 17 mm, 19 mm, 21 mm, 23 mm, 25 mm, etc.

[0137] In the embodiment of the present application, the second distance b between two adjacent busbar lines 30 relatively far from the edge of the cell body 10 along the second direction B is also set to be greater than or equal to 15 mm and less than or equal to 25 mm. For example, the second distance b can be 15 mm, 16 mm, 18 mm, 20 mm, 22 mm, 24 mm, 25 mm, etc.

[0138] For example, when the first distance a is 20 mm, the second distance b may be 15 mm. When the first distance a is 22 mm, the second distance b may be 17 mm.

[0139] Alternatively, as Figures 7 to 9 As shown, along the first direction A, the busbar line 30 includes an interconnection portion 31 and a connection line 32 , wherein the interconnection portion 31 includes a plurality of interconnections 31 , the plurality of interconnections 31 are arranged at intervals, and the connection line 32 is electrically connected to the plurality of interconnections 31 .

[0140] like Figures 7 to 9 As shown, the busbar line 30 in the embodiment of the present application includes a plurality of interconnecting portions 31, which are arranged at intervals along a first direction A. The plurality of interconnecting portions 31 are electrically connected by connecting wires 32 to form the busbar line 30. The busbar line 30 collects the current generated by the battery cell body 10.

[0141] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the soldering ribbon 40 is connected to the surface of the cell body 10 through the interconnection portion 31 to collect and transmit the current generated by the cell body 10. For example, the soldering ribbon 40 can be welded to the interconnection portion 31.

[0142] like Figure 2 As shown, the embodiment of the present application further discloses a solar cell, which includes two solar cells described in the above embodiments. It can be understood that the solar cell in the above embodiments is the smallest unit of the solar cell, while the solar cell in the embodiment of the present application includes two solar cells of the above smallest unit.

[0143] For example, the solar cell in the above embodiment is a half-cell solar cell, while the solar cell in the embodiment of the present application includes two half-cell solar cells, that is, the solar cell in the embodiment of the present application is a whole solar cell. Optionally, L1 corresponds to the short side of the half-cell solar cell, and L2 corresponds to the long side of the solar cell; or L1 corresponds to the long side of the whole solar cell, and L2 corresponds to the short side of the whole solar cell.

[0144] like Figure 2 As shown, the solar cell in the embodiment of the present application also includes two graphic areas 20, and the two graphic areas 20 are arranged at intervals along the first direction A in one solar cell.

[0145] It is understood that in the solar cell disclosed in the embodiment of the present application, the width of the cell body is L1 along the first direction A, and the length of the cell body is L2 along the second direction B. The number of first collecting electrodes and / or second collecting electrodes in the graphic area 20 is M.

[0146] It should be noted that the specific parameters of the solar cell in the embodiment of the present application are not described here in detail. The specific parameters of the solar cell in the embodiment of the present application are set with reference to the above embodiment.

[0147] In addition, the solar cell disclosed in the embodiment of the present application includes a solar cell having the same structure as the solar cell disclosed in the above embodiment, and its beneficial effects are similar, which will not be described in detail here.

[0148] Alternatively, as Figure 2 As shown, when the polarity of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode is opposite, the number of the first collecting electrode or the second collecting electrode is M, satisfying 0.9≤M / L1≤1.8; or, when the polarity of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode is the same, the sum of the number of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode is M, satisfying 0.9≤M / L1≤1.8.

[0149] When the polarities of the first and second current collecting electrodes are opposite, that is, two electrodes with opposite polarities are provided on the surface of the solar cell, the solar cell is a back-contact solar cell. The number of first current collecting electrodes, M, or the number of second current collecting electrodes, M, satisfies 0.9 ≤ M / L1 ≤ 1.8.

[0150] In the embodiment of the present application, by setting the ratio of the number M of the first collecting electrodes or the second collecting electrodes to the width L1 of the battery cell body 10 to be greater than or equal to 0.9 and less than or equal to 1.8, the surface of the battery cell body 10 has a sufficient number of collecting electrodes, thereby ensuring the current collection efficiency of the solar cell and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0151] For example, when the polarity of the first and second collecting electrodes is opposite, along the first direction A, the width of the cell body 10 is L1, and the number of first collecting electrodes is M, satisfying M / L1 = 0.9. Alternatively, M / L1 = 1.2. When the polarity of the first and second collecting electrodes is opposite, along the first direction A, the width of the cell body 10 is L1, and the number of second collecting electrodes is M, satisfying M / L1 = 1.5. Alternatively, M / L1 = 1.8.

[0152] It should be noted that when the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, that is, when the solar cell is a back-contact solar cell, if the number of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode is not equal, the number of M shall be based on the larger number of the first collecting electrode or the second collecting electrode.

[0153] When the polarity of the first and second current collecting electrodes is the same, that is, only electrodes of one polarity are provided on the surface of the solar cell, the solar cell is called a bifacial solar cell. The sum of the number of first and second current collecting electrodes is M, and 0.9 ≤ M / L1 ≤ 1.8 is satisfied.

[0154] In the embodiment of the present application, by setting the ratio of the sum M of the number of the first collecting electrodes and the second collecting electrodes to the width L1 of the cell body 10 to be greater than or equal to 0.9 and less than or equal to 1.8, the surface of the cell body 10 has a sufficient number of collecting electrodes, thereby ensuring the current collection efficiency of the solar cell and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0155] For example, when the polarity of the first and second collecting electrodes is the same, along the first direction A, the width of the battery cell body 10 is L1, and the sum of the number of first and second collecting electrodes is M, M / L1 = 0.9. Alternatively, M / L1 = 1.25. Alternatively, M / L1 = 1.5. Alternatively, M / L1 = 1.8.

[0156] Preferably, when the first and second current collecting electrodes have opposite polarities, 0.93≤M / L1≤1.5 is satisfied; or, when the first and second current collecting electrodes have the same polarity, 0.93≤M / L1≤1.5 is satisfied. This ensures that the surface of the cell body 10 has sufficient current collecting electrodes, thereby ensuring the current collection efficiency of the solar cell and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0157] Alternatively, as Figure 2 As shown, the battery cell body 10 includes a chamfer, both ends of the first side 11 are directly connected to the chamfer, and both ends of the second side 12 are directly connected to the chamfer; the graphic area 20 includes two, and the two graphic areas 20 are spaced apart along the first direction A. The distance between the two graphic areas 20 is D3, satisfying 0.5≤D3:2D1≤1.

[0158] like Figure 2As shown, in the embodiment of the present application, the distance between the two graphic regions 20 along the first direction A is set to D3, where 0.5≤D3:2D1≤1. This setting can increase the area of ​​the graphic region 20 and clarify the position of the graphic region 20, thereby maximizing the utilization of the surface area of ​​the cell body 10 and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0159] Furthermore, the portion between the two patterned regions 20 may be partially damaged during dicing and slicing after the battery is formed. Therefore, D3:2D1 is set to be less than or equal to 1. However, D3 cannot be too small, as this will affect the carrier collection area. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, D3:2D1 is set to be greater than or equal to 0.5.

[0160] Exemplarily, D3:2D1=0.5 is satisfied; or D3:2D1=0.7; or D3:2D1=0.9; or D3:2D1=1 is satisfied.

[0161] It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the distance D3 between two graphic areas 20 refers to the distance between the collecting electrode in one graphic area 20 that is closest to the other graphic area 20 and the collecting electrode in the other graphic area 20 that is closest to the graphic area 20.

[0162] Optionally, when the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, in the same graphic area, along the first direction A, the distance between adjacent first collecting electrodes and second collecting electrodes is N, satisfying 11.00≤L1 / (D1+N)≤37.02; and / or, satisfying N≤D1≤2N.

[0163] When the polarities of the first and second collecting electrodes are opposite, that is, when the solar cell is a back-contact solar cell, the back side of the cell body 10 has multiple first collecting electrodes and multiple second collecting electrodes. These multiple first collecting electrodes and multiple second collecting electrodes extend along the second direction B and are alternately arranged along the first direction A on the back side of the cell body 10. Along the first direction A, the distance N between adjacent first collecting electrodes and second collecting electrodes satisfies 11.00 ≤ L1 / (D1+N) ≤ 37.02.

[0164] Through the above-mentioned setting, the probability of successful alignment of the electrode pattern of the back-contact solar cell can be improved, the transmission resistance can be reduced, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell can be improved.

[0165] For example, L1 / (D1+N)=11.00. Alternatively, L1 / (D1+N)=15. Alternatively, L1 / (D1+N)=20. Alternatively, L1 / (D1+N)=25. Alternatively, L1 / (D1+N)=30. Alternatively, L1 / (D1+N)=35, etc.

[0166] In the embodiment of the present application, the distance between adjacent first and second collecting electrodes is set to N, and the distance between the position of the pattern area 20 near the first side 11 and the first side 11 is set to D1, satisfying N≤D1≤2N. This arrangement ensures that carriers at the edge of the solar cell are fully collected, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0167] Alternatively, as Figure 3 As shown, within the same graphic area 20, along the first direction A, the distance between two adjacent first collecting electrodes or second collecting electrodes located in the edge area is N1, and the distance between two adjacent first collecting electrodes or second collecting electrodes located in the middle area is N2, satisfying D1<N1<N2, and / or, 2D1>N1, or, 2D1>N2, or, 2N1>N2.

[0168] When arranging the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode, the distance between two adjacent collecting electrodes can be set to be equal along the first direction A, as in the above embodiment. Alternatively, the distance between two adjacent collecting electrodes along the first direction A can be set to be unequal, as in the embodiment of the present application. The specific location of the unequal position can be selected according to actual needs.

[0169] For example, within the same graphic area 20, the distance between two adjacent collecting electrodes located in the middle area is equal, which is conducive to the uniform collection of carriers, and the distance between two adjacent collecting electrodes located at the edge is reduced so as to leave sufficient space for the distance D1 between the position of the graphic area 20 close to the first side 11 and the first side 11.

[0170] Alternatively, as Figure 2 As shown, along the second direction B, the length of the battery cell body 10 is L2, and the distance between the position of the graphic area 20 close to the edge of the battery cell body 10 and the same edge of the battery cell body 10 is D2; when the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, 150≤L2 / D2≤750 is satisfied; and / or, when the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are the same, 50≤L2 / D2≤650 is satisfied.

[0171] If the length L2 of the cell body 10 increases along the second direction B, the transmission resistance increases, and the fine grids become longer. In the second direction B, the distance D2 between the position of the patterned area 20 near the edge of the cell body 10 and the same edge of the cell body 10 needs to be adjusted. If the length L2 of the cell body 10 decreases along the second direction B, the light shielding increases, and the fine grids become shorter. In the second direction B, the distance D2 between the position of the patterned area 20 near the edge of the cell body 10 and the same edge of the cell body 10 also needs to be adjusted.

[0172] However, along the second direction B, the distance D2 between the patterned area 20 near the edge of the cell body 10 and the same edge of the cell body 10 is too close, reducing tolerance for electrode offset, increasing alignment difficulties, and lowering fine grid yield. Along the second direction B, the distance D2 between the patterned area 20 near the edge of the cell body 10 and the same edge of the cell body 10 is too far, preventing sufficient carrier collection, resulting in current loss and reduced photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0173] By controlling the ratio of L2 / D2, the design requirements of D2 for cells of different sizes can be met. While taking into account the transmission resistance and shading loss, the difficulty of fine gate alignment and the carrier collection loss can be reduced, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell.

[0174] In back-contact solar cells, both the positive and negative electrodes are located on the back of the cell. This increases the distance between adjacent positive and negative electrodes, leading to a greater carrier transmission distance. Compared to double-contact solar cells, increasing L2 further complicates carrier transmission.

[0175] Similarly, for back-contact solar cells, where both the positive and negative electrode grids are located on the back of the cell, shading losses are greater. Relative to double-sided contact solar cells, a smaller L2 further exacerbates shading losses.

[0176] Therefore, for back-contact solar cells and double-sided contact solar cells, after L2 changes, the adjustment range of D2 is different. To overcome the above-mentioned aggravated loss, D2 of the back-contact solar cell will be smaller and the ratio of L2 / D2 will be slightly larger.

[0177] like Figure 2 As shown, when the cell body 10 is a rectangular structure, the length of the cell body 10 is L2 along the second direction B. Along the second direction B, the distance between the position of the pattern area 20 close to the edge of the cell body 10 and the same edge of the cell body 10 is set to D2.

[0178] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the position of the patterned area 20 close to the edge of the battery cell body 10 along the second direction B is the position of the end of the collector electrode close to the edge of the battery cell body 10 along the second direction B. D2 is the distance along the second direction B between the end close to the edge of the battery cell body 10 and the same edge of the battery cell body 10.

[0179] When the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, that is, when the solar cell is a back-contact solar cell, 150≤L2 / D2≤750 is satisfied. In the embodiment of the present application, the ratio of the length L2 of the cell body 10 and the distance D2 between the position of the graphic area 20 near the edge of the cell body 10 along the second direction B and the same edge of the cell body 10 is set to be greater than or equal to 150 and less than or equal to 750. While taking into account the difficulty of carrier transmission and electrode shielding loss, the difficulty of electrode alignment and the risk of electrode overlap are reduced, thereby improving the yield and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0180] Exemplarily, when the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, the ratio of the length L2 of the battery cell body 10 and the distance D2 between the position of the graphic area 20 close to the edge of the battery cell body 10 along the second direction B and the same edge of the battery cell body 10 can be 150, 180, 200, 220, 240, 260, 280, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, etc.

[0181] When the polarity of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode is the same, that is, when the solar cell is a bifacial solar cell, 50≤L2 / D2≤650 is satisfied. In the embodiment of the present application, by setting the ratio of the length L2 of the cell body 10 and the distance D2 between the position of the graphic area 20 near the edge of the cell body 10 along the second direction B and the same edge of the cell body 10 to be greater than or equal to 50 and less than or equal to 650, the difficulty of carrier transmission and electrode shielding loss are taken into consideration, while reducing the difficulty of electrode alignment and the risk of electrode overlap, thereby improving the yield and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0182] Exemplarily, when the polarity of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode is the same, the ratio of the length L2 of the battery cell body 10 and the distance D2 between the position of the graphic area 20 close to the edge of the battery cell body 10 along the second direction B and the same edge of the battery cell body 10 can be 50, 70, 90, 110, 130, 150, 170, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, etc.

[0183] When the battery cell is a whole battery cell with a rectangular structure, for example, along the first direction A, the width L1 of the battery cell is 210mm, and along the second direction B, the length L2 of the battery cell is 182.2mm, the limit dimensions are: L1 / D1 = 210 / 2 / 0.3 = 350, and / or, L2 / D2 = 182.2 / 0.3 = 607. It should be noted that L1 / D1 and L2 / D2 in the embodiments of the present application can be applied separately or simultaneously, and the same is true below and will not be repeated here.

[0184] When the width L1 of the battery cell is 210 mm along the first direction A and the length L2 of the battery cell is 182.2 mm along the second direction B, the dimensions suitable for mass production are: L1 / D1=210 / 2 / 0.4=263, and / or, L2 / D2=182.2 / 0.4=456.

[0185] Alternatively, when the width L1 of the battery cell is 210 mm along the first direction A and the length L2 of the battery cell is 182.2 mm along the second direction B, the size of the slice during the battery manufacturing process or after the battery preparation is: L1 / D1=210 / 2 / 0.6=175, and / or, L2 / D2=182.2 / 0.6=304.

[0186] It should be noted that the dimensional tolerance of the battery cells in the above embodiments is within ±0.25 mm. In the embodiments of the present application, the dimensional tolerance of the battery cells is also within ±0.25 mm.

[0187] Optionally, D1≥D2 is satisfied.

[0188] In the embodiment of the present application, the distance D1 between the position of the graphic region 20 near the first side 11 and the first side 11 is set to be greater than or equal to the distance D2 between the position of the graphic region 20 near the edge of the cell body 10 and the same edge of the cell body 10 along the second direction B. In other words, the distance D2 between the position of the graphic region 20 near the edge of the cell body 10 and the same edge of the cell body 10 along the second direction B is less than or equal to the distance D1 between the position of the graphic region 20 near the first side 11 and the first side 11. This setting ensures that the edge of the solar cell has an appropriate current collection area, thereby ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0189] Alternatively, as Figure 2 As shown, when the battery cell body 10 is a rectangular structure or a quasi-rectangular structure, when the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, L1 / 2D1≤L2 / D2 is satisfied; and / or, when the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are the same, L1 / 2D1≥L2 / D2 is satisfied.

[0190] When the cell body 10 has a rectangular or quasi-rectangular structure, and the first and second collecting electrodes have opposite polarities, that is, when the solar cell is a back-contact solar cell, L1 / 2D1 ≤ L2 / D2 is satisfied. When the cell body 10 has a rectangular or quasi-rectangular structure, and the first and second collecting electrodes have the same polarity, that is, when the solar cell is a bifacial cell, L1 / 2D1 ≥ L2 / D2 is satisfied.

[0191] It should be noted that if Figure 2 As shown, the quasi-rectangular structure in the embodiment of the present application refers to a chamfered shape at both ends of the first side 11 of the cell body 10, and a chamfered shape at both ends of the second side 12 of the cell body 10. The chamfers can be circular or square. This is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application; in actual applications, technicians can configure them as needed.

[0192] Optionally, 75 mm ≤ L1 / 2 ≤ 175 mm is satisfied; and / or, along the second direction B, the length of the battery cell body 10 is L2, which satisfies 150 mm ≤ L2 ≤ 350 mm; and / or, the area of ​​the battery cell body 10 is S, which satisfies 11250 mm 2 ≤S / 2≤61250mm 2 .

[0193] like Figure 2 As shown, the battery cell body 10 in the embodiment of the present application is a rectangular structure. Along the first direction A, the width of the battery cell body 10 is L1, and along the second direction B, the length of the battery cell body 10 is L2.

[0194] Wherein, 75mm≤L1 / 2≤175mm is satisfied. For example, L1 / 2=75mm; or L1 / 2=80mm; or L1 / 2=100mm; or L1 / 2=125mm; or L1 / 2=150mm; or L1 / 2=175mm.

[0195] Wherein, 150mm≤L2≤350mm is satisfied. For example, L2=150mm; or L2=175mm; or L2=200mm; or L2=225mm; or L2=250mm; or L2=300mm; or L2=350mm.

[0196] In the embodiment of the present application, the area of ​​the cell body 10 is S. When the cell body 10 is a rectangular structure, the area S is the product of the width L1 of the cell body 10 and the length L2 of the cell body 10.2 ≤S / 2≤61250mm 2 For example, S / 2=11250mm 2 ; Or, satisfy S / 2=28125mm 2 ; Or, satisfy S / 2=37500mm 2 ; Or, satisfy S / 2=61250mm 2 .

[0197] Optionally, 50≤M / 2≤225 is satisfied.

[0198] In the case of a back-contact solar cell, the number of first collecting electrodes M in the pattern area 20, or the number of second collecting electrodes M, satisfies 50≤M / 2≤225. This ensures that there are sufficient collecting electrodes in the pattern area 20 to ensure the current collection efficiency of the solar cell and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0199] It should be noted that the number M of collecting electrodes in the embodiment of the present application refers to the number of all collecting electrodes in the two graphic areas 20 on the entire battery cell. It can be understood that the number of collecting electrodes in one graphic area 20 is M / 2.

[0200] Exemplarily, M / 2=50 is satisfied; or M / 2=100 is satisfied; or M / 2=150 is satisfied; or M / 2=175 is satisfied; or M / 2=200 is satisfied; or M / 2=225 is satisfied.

[0201] In the case of a bifacial solar cell, the sum of the number of first and second collecting electrodes within the pattern region 20 is M, satisfying 50≤M / 2≤225. This ensures that there are sufficient collecting electrodes within the pattern region 20 to ensure the current collection efficiency of the solar cell and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0202] Exemplarily, M / 2=50 is satisfied; or M / 2=75 is satisfied; or M / 2=125 is satisfied; or M / 2=150 is satisfied; or M / 2=200 is satisfied; or M / 2=225 is satisfied.

[0203] An embodiment of the present application further discloses a photovoltaic module, which includes a plurality of solar cells as described in the above embodiment, wherein the plurality of solar cells are arranged at intervals.

[0204] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the solar cell included in the photovoltaic module has the same structure as the solar cell described in the above embodiment, and its beneficial effects are also similar, which will not be repeated here.

[0205] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same and similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0206] Although alternative embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they become aware of the basic inventive concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including alternative embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0207] Finally, it should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or terminal device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such article or terminal device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the article or terminal device comprising the element.

[0208] The above is a detailed introduction to the technical solution provided by the present application. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the principles and implementation methods of the present application, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present application.

Claims

1. A solar cell, characterized in that: include: A battery cell body, wherein the width of the battery cell body along the first direction is L1; a graphic region, the graphic region being disposed on the surface of the battery cell body, the graphic region comprising a plurality of collecting electrodes extending along a second direction, the region occupied by the plurality of collecting electrodes on the surface of the battery cell body being the graphic region, the collecting electrodes being fine grids, the collecting electrodes comprising a first collecting electrode and a second collecting electrode, the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode being arranged at intervals along the first direction; wherein the second direction is different from the first direction; The battery cell body has a first side and a second side opposite to each other, the first side and the second side include portions extending along the second direction, and a distance D1 is between a position of the graphic area close to the first side and the first side; When the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, 80≤L1 / D1≤400 is satisfied; and / or, when the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode have the same polarity, 50≤L1 / D1≤350 is satisfied; When the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, the number of the first collecting electrodes or the second collecting electrodes is M, and 0.9≤M / L1≤1.8 is satisfied; And / or, when the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode have the same polarity, the sum of the number of the first collecting electrodes and the number of the second collecting electrodes is M, satisfying 0.9≤M / L1≤1.

8.

2. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: When the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, 0.93≤M / L1≤1.5 is satisfied; And / or, when the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode have the same polarity, 0.93≤M / L1≤1.5 is satisfied.

3. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: The battery cell body further includes a chamfer, and both ends of the first side are directly connected to the chamfer; Along the first direction, a distance D3 between a position of the graphic area close to the second side and the second side satisfies 0.5≤D3:D1≤1.

4. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: When the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, a distance N between adjacent first collecting electrodes and second collecting electrodes along the first direction satisfies 11.00≤L1 / (D1+N)≤37.02; And / or, N≤D1≤2N is satisfied.

5. The solar cell according to claim 4, characterized in that: Along the first direction, the distance between two adjacent first collecting electrodes or second collecting electrodes located at the edge is N1, and the distance between two adjacent first collecting electrodes or second collecting electrodes located in the middle is N2, satisfying D1<N1<N2, and / or 2D1>N1, or 2D1>N2, or 2N1>N2.

6. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: Along the second direction, the length of the battery cell body is L2, and the distance between the position of the graphic area close to the edge of the battery cell body and the same edge of the battery cell body is D2; When the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, 150≤L2 / D2≤750 is satisfied; And / or, when the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode have the same polarity, 50≤L2 / D2≤650 is satisfied.

7. The solar cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: Satisfy D1≥D2.

8. The solar cell according to claim 6, wherein: When the battery cell body is a rectangular structure or a quasi-rectangular structure, When the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, L1 / D1≤L2 / D2 is satisfied; And / or, when the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode have the same polarity, L1 / D1≥L2 / D2 is satisfied.

9. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: Meet 75mm≤L1≤175mm; and / or, along the second direction, the length of the battery cell body is L2, which satisfies 150 mm ≤ L2 ≤ 350 mm; And / or, the area of ​​the battery cell body is S, which satisfies 11250mm 2 ≤S≤61250mm 2 .

10. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: Satisfies 50≤M≤225.

11. A solar cell, characterized in that: include: A battery cell body, wherein the width of the battery cell body along the first direction is L1; A graphic region, the graphic region being disposed on the surface of the battery cell body, the graphic region including two graphic regions, the two graphic regions being spaced apart along the first direction, the graphic region including a plurality of collecting electrodes extending along the second direction, the plurality of collecting electrodes occupying an area on the surface of the battery cell body being the graphic region, the collecting electrodes being fine grids, the collecting electrodes including a first collecting electrode and a second collecting electrode, the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode being spaced apart along the first direction; wherein the second direction is different from the first direction; The battery cell body has a first side and a second side opposite to each other, the first side and the second side including portions extending along the second direction, and the distance between the position of the graphic area close to the first side and the first side, and the distance between the position of the graphic area close to the second side and the second side are both D1; When the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, 80≤L1 / 2D1≤400 is satisfied; and / or, when the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode have the same polarity, 50≤L1 / 2D1≤350 is satisfied; When the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, the number of the first collecting electrodes or the second collecting electrodes is M, and 0.9≤M / L1≤1.8 is satisfied; And / or, when the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode have the same polarity, the sum of the number of the first collecting electrodes and the number of the second collecting electrodes is M, satisfying 0.9≤M / L1≤1.

8.

12. The solar cell according to claim 11, wherein: When the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, 0.93≤M / L1≤1.5 is satisfied; And / or, when the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode have the same polarity, 0.93≤M / L1≤1.5 is satisfied.

13. The solar cell according to claim 11, wherein: The battery cell body further includes a chamfer, wherein both ends of the first side are directly connected to the chamfer, and both ends of the second side are directly connected to the chamfer; Along the first direction, the distance between the two graphic areas is D3, satisfying 0.5≤D3:2D1≤1.

14. The solar cell according to claim 13, wherein: When the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, within the same graphic region, along the first direction, a distance N between adjacent first collecting electrodes and second collecting electrodes satisfies 11.00≤L1 / 2(D1+N)≤37.02; And / or, N≤D1≤2N is satisfied.

15. The solar cell according to claim 14, characterized in that: In the same graphic area, along the first direction, the distance between two adjacent first collecting electrodes or second collecting electrodes located in the edge area is N1, and the distance between two adjacent first collecting electrodes or second collecting electrodes located in the middle area is N2, satisfying D1<N1<N2, and / or, 2D1>N1, or, 2D1>N2, or, 2N1>N2.

16. The solar cell according to claim 11, wherein: Along the second direction, the length of the battery cell body is L2, and the distance between the position of the graphic area close to the edge of the battery cell body and the same edge of the battery cell body is D2; When the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, 150≤L2 / D2≤750 is satisfied; And / or, when the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode have the same polarity, 50≤L2 / D2≤650 is satisfied.

17. The solar cell according to claim 16, wherein: Satisfies D1≥D2.

18. The solar cell according to claim 16, wherein: When the battery cell body is a rectangular structure or a quasi-rectangular structure, When the polarities of the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode are opposite, L1 / 2D1≤L2 / D2 is satisfied; And / or, when the first collecting electrode and the second collecting electrode have the same polarity, L1 / 2D1≥L2 / D2 is satisfied.

19. The solar cell according to claim 11, wherein: Meet 75mm≤L1 / 2≤175mm; and / or, along the second direction, the length of the battery cell body is L2, which satisfies 150 mm ≤ L2 ≤ 350 mm; And / or, the area of ​​the battery cell body is S, which satisfies 11250mm 2 ≤S / 2≤61250mm 2 .

20. The solar cell according to claim 11, wherein: Satisfies 50≤M / 2≤225.

21. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of solar cells according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the plurality of solar cells are arranged at intervals.

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