Fire-free wintering greenhouses in high-latitude and cold regions

Abstract

The present invention provides a greenhouse for overwintering without burning fire in high-latitude and cold regions. A plurality of double-layer trusses are arranged in the greenhouse, and at least one heat storage device is arranged between each two adjacent double-layer trusses. The two ends of the heat storage device are bridged between the two adjacent double-layer trusses through a wheel frame mechanism. The first motors on both sides synchronously drive the heat storage device to move along the double-layer trusses, and the second motors on both sides synchronously drive the heat storage device to rotate and adjust to the maximum energy storage posture or the best heat release posture; the heat storage device is provided with a plurality of phase change material packages for gentle and stable storage and release of latent heat. The problem of high cost, insufficiently gentle temperature process, and greater environmental pollution of traditional greenhouse heating methods is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of fire-free wintering greenhouses, and in particular to a fire-free wintering greenhouse for high-latitude and cold regions. Background Art

[0002] In high-latitude and cold regions, extreme low temperatures in winter pose a severe challenge to agricultural production. Although traditional greenhouses can provide protection to a certain extent, it is still difficult to maintain a suitable growth temperature under these harsh climatic conditions. In particular, when the temperature drops sharply at night, plants are prone to frost damage, which seriously affects the growth and yield of crops. In order to solve this problem, people have tried a variety of insulation measures, such as adding multiple layers of coverage, using heating equipment, and strengthening sealing, but these methods often have problems such as high energy consumption, high cost, and complex operation, and long-term use will also have certain negative impacts on the environment. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an efficient, environmentally friendly, and economical wintering greenhouse insulation technology.

[0003] In recent years, phase change materials, as a new type of energy storage material, have shown great potential in the field of building energy conservation. Phase change materials can absorb or release a large amount of latent heat within a specific temperature range, thereby achieving the purpose of regulating temperature. When the ambient temperature is higher than the phase change temperature of the phase change material, the material changes from solid to liquid and absorbs heat; when the ambient temperature is lower than the phase change temperature of the phase change material, the material changes from liquid to solid and releases heat. This characteristic enables phase change materials to store heat when solar radiation is strong during the day and release it slowly at night to maintain a stable temperature in the greenhouse. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a greenhouse for wintering without burning fire in high-latitude and cold regions, so as to solve the problems of high cost of heating means in traditional greenhouses, insufficiently mild temperature process and serious environmental pollution.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a greenhouse for overwintering without burning fire in high-latitude and cold regions, wherein a plurality of double-layer trusses are arranged in the greenhouse, at least one heat storage device is arranged between every two adjacent double-layer trusses, and both ends of the heat storage device are bridged between two adjacent double-layer trusses through a wheel frame mechanism, and the first motors on both sides synchronously drive the heat storage device to move along the double-layer trusses, and the second motors on both sides synchronously drive the heat storage device to rotate;

[0006] The heat storage device is provided with a plurality of phase change material packages for storing and releasing latent heat.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the phase change materials in the heat storage device are paraffin and hydrated salt, and are respectively packaged into a plurality of paraffin packaging tubes and a plurality of hydrated salt packaging tubes using a full-length circular tube.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the plurality of paraffin packaging tubes and the plurality of hydrated salt packaging tubes respectively constitute two layers of parallel circular tube arrays, and the two layers of circular tube arrays are staggered in the packaging shell, that is, each circular tube in the paraffin packaging tube array is staggered a certain distance from the circular tube in the hydrated salt packaging tube array below it in the horizontal direction to form a staggered arrangement structure, and the staggered distance is greater than the diameter of the packaging tube.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, a partition is provided between the paraffin encapsulation tube array layer and the hydrated salt encapsulation tube array, and the partition is a porous structure;

[0010] The packaging shell and the partition are both made of heat-insulating and light-transmissive materials.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, a convex lens array is further provided on the upper surface of the packaging shell, the focal points of which are directed to the surface areas of the paraffin packaging tube and the plurality of hydrated salt packaging tubes.

[0012] In the preferred embodiment, the driving wheel of the wheel frame mechanism is rotatably connected to one side of the upper pressing plate and the lower pressing plate through a rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft passes through the upper surface of the upper pressing plate and is connected to the first motor, the walking wheel is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft, and is fixedly connected to one side of the upper pressing plate and the lower pressing plate through the fixed shaft, the driving wheel and the walking wheel are arranged at one end close to the upper pressing plate, symmetrically against both sides of the upper rod of the lower truss;

[0013] The distance between the upper pressing plate and the lower pressing plate is greater than the maximum distance between the upper rod and the lower rod of the lower truss.

[0014] In the preferred embodiment, a guide plate is further provided between the upper pressing plate and the lower pressing plate near the lower pressing plate, one end of the guide plate is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, and the other end is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft, the lower end of the guide frame passes through the middle of the guide plate and is connected to the upper surface of the lower pressing plate through an elastic member, and the upper end thereof is rotatably connected to a guide wheel, and the elastic member drives the guide wheel to abut against the lower edge of the lower rod of the lower truss;

[0015] The distance between the guide plate and the lower pressing plate is adapted to the height difference between the upper rod and the lower rod of the lower truss.

[0016] In the preferred embodiment, the driving wheel, the traveling wheel and the guide wheel are all U-shaped groove wheels, and the arc contour of the groove wheels is adapted to the contours of the upper rod and the lower rod of the lower truss.

[0017] In the preferred embodiment, a rotating frame is also provided on one side of the fixed shaft, one end of the rotating frame is connected to the middle of the upper surface of the upper pressure plate, and the other end is connected to the middle of the lower surface of the lower pressure plate. A U-shaped convex groove is provided in the middle of the vertical part of the rotating frame, and the second motor is fixed in the U-shaped convex groove, and its output shaft passes through the rotating frame and is connected to one side of the packaging shell.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the heat storage device is further provided with a photosensor, which is electrically connected to the first motor and the second motor and is used to sense the intensity and direction of light and adjust the orientation of the heat storage device;

[0019] At least one temperature sensor is also provided inside the greenhouse, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the first motor and the second motor.

[0020] The present invention provides a greenhouse for wintering without burning fire in high-latitude and cold regions. A heat storage device is arranged between every two adjacent double-layer trusses in the greenhouse. Heat is stored when solar radiation is strong during the day and is slowly released at night to maintain a stable temperature in the greenhouse. Both ends of the heat storage device are bridged between two adjacent double-layer trusses through a wheel frame mechanism. First motors on both sides synchronously drive the heat storage device to move along the double-layer trusses, and second motors on both sides synchronously drive the heat storage device to rotate, so that the heat can be stored toward the sun to the maximum extent during the day, and can be moved to a lower temperature area at night and dissipate heat toward a place to be heated. The heat storage device can absorb and store heat to the greatest extent, and the heating area can be flexibly controlled, with a high heat storage utilization rate.

[0021] The heat storage device is encapsulated with multiple phase change materials, which can gradually release heat within different temperature ranges, thereby achieving a longer constant temperature and a smoother heat release process for storing and releasing latent heat. The phase change material has a high energy storage density and can store a large amount of heat in a smaller space, reducing the required material volume and cost; secondly, the phase change process is gentle and will not cause drastic temperature fluctuations, which is conducive to the healthy growth of plants; finally, the use of phase change materials does not rely on external energy, reduces operating costs, reduces environmental pollution, and meets the requirements of sustainable development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0023] Figure 1 It is a side view structural diagram of the overall layout of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the installation structure of multiple groups of heat storage devices and double-layer trusses of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is a side structural diagram of the heat storage device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 is a sectional view of the front part of the heat storage device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 is a side sectional view of the heat storage device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a diagram of a set of heat storage devices and double-layer truss installation structures of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a diagram of the installation structure of the heat storage device and the wheel frame mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the contact section between the wheel frame mechanism and the lower truss of the present invention;

[0031] Fig. 9 It is a side structural diagram of the wheel carrier mechanism of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.10 It is a side view structural diagram of the wheel frame mechanism in the explosion mode of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the sensor and the motor of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: greenhouse 1; double-layer truss 2; lower truss 201; upper rod 2011; lower rod 2012; heat storage device 3; paraffin packaging tube 301; hydrated salt packaging tube 302; packaging shell 303; partition 304; convex lens 305; wheel frame mechanism 4; driving wheel 401; rotating shaft 402; upper pressure plate 403; lower pressure plate 404; first motor 405; walking wheel 406; fixed shaft 407; guide plate 408; elastic member 409; guide wheel 410; rotating frame 411; guide frame 412; second motor 5; photosensor 6; temperature sensor 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Example 1

[0036] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, a greenhouse for overwintering without burning fire in high-latitude and cold regions, a plurality of double-layer trusses 2 are arranged in the greenhouse 1, at least one heat storage device 3 is arranged between every two adjacent double-layer trusses 2, and both ends of the heat storage device 3 are bridged between two adjacent double-layer trusses 2 through a wheel frame mechanism 4, the first motors 405 on both sides synchronously drive the heat storage device 3 to move along the double-layer trusses 2, and the second motors 5 on both sides synchronously drive the heat storage device 3 to rotate;

[0037] The heat storage device 3 is provided with a plurality of phase change material packages for storing and releasing latent heat.

[0038] A plurality of arc-shaped double-layer trusses 2 are provided along the length direction on the upper part of the greenhouse 1, which are used to support the greenhouse membrane cloth, and the double-layer membrane cloth structure can reduce the heat loss in the greenhouse to a greater extent. The heat storage device 3 is arranged between the two layers of the double-layer truss 2, and the longitudinal space of the greenhouse is utilized. The wheel frame mechanism 4 does not affect the structure of the double-layer truss 2 itself, and the heat storage device 3 is bridged between adjacent trusses through a simple wheel set installation. The direction and space of the heat storage device 3 are adjustable, and the low temperature area in the greenhouse can be flexibly heated.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the phase change materials in the heat storage device 3 are paraffin and hydrated salt, and are respectively packaged into a plurality of paraffin packaging tubes 301 and a plurality of hydrated salt packaging tubes 302 using full-length round tubes.

[0040] Due to the phenomenon of short days and long nights in high-latitude and cold regions, the heat energy stored in a single phase change material during the day may not be enough to maintain the warming needs of the long night. Therefore, the method of designing gradient phase change materials is adopted to make the material gradually release heat in different temperature ranges to achieve constant temperature heat release for a longer time. According to the local low temperature environment, paraffin with a phase change temperature between 20°C and 70°C and hydrated salt with a phase change temperature between -50°C and 150°C are selected. Paraffin has good thermal stability, is non-toxic, low cost, and easy to process, but has low thermal conductivity. Hydrated salt has high latent heat of phase change and low cost, but has problems of supercooling and crystallization. Paraffin makes up for the shortcomings of supercooling crystallization of hydrated salt, and hydrated salt makes up for the problem of low thermal conductivity of paraffin. The two complement each other and together form a larger range of stable temperature change range, which meets the long-term heating needs of greenhouses in low temperature areas.

[0041] In the preferred embodiment, the plurality of paraffin packaging tubes 301 and the plurality of hydrated salt packaging tubes 302 respectively constitute two layers of parallel circular tube arrays, and the two layers of circular tube arrays are staggered in the packaging shell 303, that is, each circular tube in the array of paraffin packaging tubes 301 is staggered a certain distance in the horizontal direction with the circular tube in the array of hydrated salt packaging tubes 302 below it, forming a staggered structure, and the staggered distance is greater than the diameter of the packaging tube.

[0042] In the preferred embodiment, a partition 304 is provided between the array layer of the paraffin packaging tube 301 and the array layer of the hydrated salt packaging tube 302, and the partition 304 is a porous structure;

[0043] The packaging shell 303 and the partition 304 are both made of heat-insulating and light-transmissive materials.

[0044] The packaging form of the phase change material adopts tubular packaging, which can increase the contact area between the phase change material and the external environment, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency. The independent tubular components are easy to maintain and expand the unit, and reduce the accumulation of phase change materials when the heat storage device 3 rotates.

[0045] The two layers of packaging tube arrays are staggered so that both layers can receive solar radiation equally. At the same time, through the transparent structure of the packaging shell 303 and the partition 304 and the staggered distance greater than the diameter of the packaging tube, the light and heat radiation can pass through the heat storage device 3 and irradiate into the interior of the greenhouse 1 without affecting the crop lighting.

[0046] The packaging shell 303 and the partition 304 jointly support the array layer of the paraffin packaging tube 301 and the array of the hydrated salt packaging tube 302, while reducing heat loss through the thermal insulation of the material. The porous structure of the partition 304 strengthens the heat exchange between the two layers of phase change materials, thereby better compensating for each other's performance shortcomings.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, an array of convex lenses 305 is further provided on the upper surface of the packaging shell 303, and the focal points thereof are directed to the surface areas of the paraffin packaging tube 301 and the plurality of hydrated salt packaging tubes 302. The convex lenses 305 are provided to enhance the collection of photothermal energy.

[0048] In the preferred embodiment, the driving wheel 401 of the wheel frame mechanism 4 is rotatably connected to one side of the upper pressure plate 403 and the lower pressure plate 404 through the rotating shaft 402, one end of the rotating shaft 402 passes through the upper surface of the upper pressure plate 403 and is connected to the first motor 405, the walking wheel 406 is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft 407, and is fixedly connected to one side of the upper pressure plate 403 and the lower pressure plate 404 through the fixed shaft 407, the driving wheel 401 and the walking wheel 406 are arranged at one end close to the upper pressure plate 403, symmetrically against both sides of the upper rod 2011 of the lower truss 201;

[0049] The distance between the upper pressing plate 403 and the lower pressing plate 404 is greater than the maximum distance between the upper rod 2011 and the lower rod 2012 of the lower truss 201 .

[0050] The driving wheel 401 and the walking wheel 406 serve as the main walking structure of the wheel frame mechanism 4. The two are tightly squeezed on both sides of the upper rod 2011, and the driving wheel 401 is driven to rotate by the first motor 405, and walking on the rod is achieved by friction. The walking wheel 406 follows the rotation to maintain the symmetry of the walking mechanism. By setting a rotating shaft 402 and a fixed shaft 407 that span the height direction of the lower truss 201, and connecting the two ends through the upper pressure plate 403 and the lower pressure plate 404, the driving wheel 401 and the walking wheel 406 are clamped to prevent the walking mechanism from slipping and overturning.

[0051] In the preferred embodiment, a guide plate 408 is further provided between the upper pressing plate 403 and the lower pressing plate 404 near the lower pressing plate 404. One end of the guide plate 408 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 402, and the other end is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft 407. The lower end of the guide frame 412 passes through the middle of the guide plate 408 and is connected to the upper surface of the lower pressing plate 404 through the elastic member 409. The upper end thereof is rotatably connected to the guide wheel 410. The elastic member 409 drives the guide wheel 410 to abut against the lower edge of the lower rod 2012 of the lower truss 201.

[0052] The distance between the guide plate 408 and the lower pressing plate 404 matches the height difference between the upper rod 2011 and the lower rod 2012 of the lower truss 201 .

[0053] By arranging a guide wheel 410 on the opposite side of the upper rod 2011 of the main walking structure, which is tightly against the lower edge of the lower rod 2012 of the lower truss 201, the movement of the wheel frame mechanism 4 is further guided to prevent the wheel frame mechanism 4 from rotating around the lower truss 201.

[0054] In the preferred embodiment, the driving wheel 401, the walking wheel 406 and the guide wheel 410 are all U-shaped groove wheels, and the arc profile of the groove wheels is adapted to the profiles of the upper rod 2011 and the lower rod 2012 of the lower truss 201. The U-shaped groove enables the contact surface of each wheel to better fit the surface of the truss round rod, reducing slippage, so as to obtain more precise walking control.

[0055] In the preferred embodiment, a rotating frame 411 is also provided on one side of the fixed shaft 407, one end of the rotating frame 411 is connected to the middle of the upper surface of the upper pressure plate 403, and the other end is connected to the middle of the lower surface of the lower pressure plate 404. A U-shaped convex groove is provided in the middle of the vertical part of the rotating frame 411, and the second motor 5 is fixed in the U-shaped convex groove, and its output shaft passes through the rotating frame 411 and is connected to one side of the packaging shell 303.

[0056] By setting a rotating frame 411 connecting the upper and lower ends, the wheel frame mechanism 4 and the lower truss 201 are further compressed, and the U-shaped convex groove provides fixed support for the second motor 5, and the second motor 5 can control the heat storage device to rotate 3360 degrees.

[0057] In the preferred embodiment, the heat storage device 3 is further provided with a photosensor 6, which is electrically connected to the first motor 405 and the second motor 5, and is used to sense the intensity and direction of light and adjust the orientation of the heat storage device 3;

[0058] At least one temperature sensor 7 is also provided inside the greenhouse 1 , and the temperature sensor 7 is electrically connected to the first motor 405 and the second motor 5 .

[0059] During the day, the photosensor 6 senses the intensity and direction of light, drives the heat storage device 3 to a high place, and adjusts the convex lens 305 array on the upper surface of the heat storage device 3 to face the maximum light receiving angle; when the temperature drops at night, under normal circumstances, the heat storage device 3 is lowered to one end of the double-layer truss 2 close to the ground, and the paraffin encapsulated tube 301 array layer is adjusted close to the area to be heated. Paraffin takes a long time to absorb and release heat, and can maintain a stable temperature for a long time. The hydrated salt encapsulated tube 302 array layer faces outward and can respond quickly to temperature changes. If the temperature sensor 7 detects that there are areas with lower temperatures and larger temperature differences in the greenhouse 1, the heat storage device 3 is controlled to move and face the corresponding area.

[0060] The above embodiments are only preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. That is, equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A greenhouse for wintering without burning fire in high-latitude and cold regions, characterized by: A plurality of double-layer trusses (2) are provided in the greenhouse (1), at least one heat storage device (3) is provided between every two adjacent double-layer trusses (2), both ends of the heat storage device (3) are bridged between the two adjacent double-layer trusses (2) via a wheel frame mechanism (4), the first motors (405) on both sides synchronously drive the heat storage device (3) to move along the double-layer trusses (2), and the second motors (5) on both sides synchronously drive the heat storage device (3) to rotate; The heat storage device (3) is provided with a plurality of phase change material packages for storing and releasing latent heat; The driving wheel (401) of the wheel frame mechanism (4) is rotatably connected to one side of the upper pressing plate (403) and the lower pressing plate (404) via a rotating shaft (402); one end of the rotating shaft (402) passes through the upper surface of the upper pressing plate (403) and is connected to the first motor (405); the walking wheel (406) is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft (407) and is fixedly connected to one side of the upper pressing plate (403) and the lower pressing plate (404) via the fixed shaft (407); the driving wheel (401) and the walking wheel (406) are arranged at one end close to the upper pressing plate (403) and symmetrically abut against two sides of the upper rod (211) of the lower truss (201); The distance between the upper pressing plate (403) and the lower pressing plate (404) is greater than the maximum distance between the upper rod (2011) and the lower rod (2012) of the lower truss (201); A guide plate (408) is also provided between the upper pressing plate (403) and the lower pressing plate (404) near the lower pressing plate (404); one end of the guide plate (408) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (402), and the other end is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft (407); the lower end of the guide frame (412) passes through the middle of the guide plate (408) and is connected to the upper surface of the lower pressing plate (404) through an elastic member (409); the upper end of the guide frame (412) is rotatably connected to the guide wheel (410); the elastic member (409) drives the guide wheel (410) to abut against the lower edge of the lower rod (212) of the lower truss (201); The distance between the guide plate (408) and the lower pressing plate (404) is adapted to the height difference between the upper rod (2011) and the lower rod (212) of the lower truss (201); A rotating frame (411) is also provided on one side of the fixed shaft (407); one end of the rotating frame (411) is connected to the middle of the upper surface of the upper pressing plate (403), and the other end is connected to the middle of the lower surface of the lower pressing plate (404); a U-shaped convex groove is provided in the middle of the vertical portion of the rotating frame (411); the second motor (5) is fixed in the U-shaped convex groove, and its output shaft passes through the rotating frame (411) and is connected to one side of the packaging shell (303).

2. According to claim 1, a greenhouse for wintering in high-latitude and cold regions without burning fire, characterized in that: The phase change materials in the heat storage device (3) are paraffin and hydrated salt, and are respectively packaged into a plurality of paraffin packaging tubes (301) and a plurality of hydrated salt packaging tubes (302) using a full-length circular tube.

3. According to claim 2, a greenhouse for wintering in high-latitude and cold regions without burning fire, characterized in that: The plurality of paraffin packaging tubes (301) and the plurality of hydrated salt packaging tubes (302) respectively form two layers of parallel circular tube arrays, and the two layers of parallel circular tube arrays are staggered in the packaging shell (303), that is, each paraffin packaging tube (301) is staggered with an adjacent hydrated salt packaging tube (302) by a certain distance in the horizontal direction, forming a staggered arrangement structure, and the staggered distance is greater than the diameter of the packaging tube.

4. According to claim 3, a greenhouse for wintering in high-latitude and cold regions without burning fire is characterized by: A partition (304) is also provided between the array layer of the paraffin packaging tubes (301) and the array of the hydrated salt packaging tubes (302), and the partition (304) is a porous structure; The packaging shell (303) and the partition (304) are both made of heat-insulating and light-transmissive materials.

5. According to claim 4, a greenhouse for wintering in high-latitude and cold regions without burning fire is characterized by: The upper surface of the packaging shell (303) is also provided with an array of convex lenses (305), the focal points of which are directed toward the surface areas of the paraffin packaging tube (301) and the plurality of hydrated salt packaging tubes (302).

6. According to claim 1, a greenhouse for wintering in high-latitude and cold regions without burning fire, characterized in that: The driving wheel (401), the walking wheel (406) and the guide wheel (410) are all U-shaped groove wheels, and the arc profiles of the groove wheels are adapted to the profiles of the upper rod (2011) and the lower rod (212) of the lower truss (201).

7. According to claim 1, a greenhouse for wintering in high-latitude and cold regions without burning fire, characterized in that: The heat storage device (3) is also provided with a photosensor (6), which is electrically connected to the first motor (405) and the second motor (5) and is used to sense the intensity and direction of light and adjust the orientation of the heat storage device (3); At least one temperature sensor (7) is also provided inside the greenhouse (1), and the temperature sensor (7) is electrically connected to the first motor (405) and the second motor (5).

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