Hip joint surgery dislocation approach osteotomy and screw placement guide assembly and use method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of hip joint surgery dislocation approach, and particularly relates to a hip joint surgery dislocation approach osteotomy and screw placement guide assembly and a use method. The guide assembly comprises an osteotomy auxiliary plate and a screw guide plate. The osteotomy auxiliary plate is arranged on the outer side of the exposed greater trochanter femur of the patient and assists the external cutting device in conducting osteotomy operation on the greater trochanter of the femur of the patient. The screw guide plate is arranged on the outer side of greater trochanter of the thighbone of a patient after osteotomy is completed and used for positioning and guiding the at least two reset fastening screws. An osteotomy and screw placement guide assembly is designed in a conventional hip joint surgery dislocation approach operation, an osteotomy auxiliary plate and a screw guide plate are designed, and the osteotomy auxiliary plate comprises an osteotomy guide mechanism at a proper position and is used for accurately positioning the osteotomy position of a greater trochanter osteotomy block of a patient; the problem that in the prior art, when osteotomy is conducted on a patient completely depending on doctor experience, an osteotomy block is likely to be too large or too small or the osteotomy direction is dislocated is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of surgical dislocation approaches to hip joints, and in particular relates to an osteotomy and screw placement guide component for surgical dislocation approaches to hip joints and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The surgical dislocation approach to the hip joint is a special surgical approach to the hip joint. This technique creates a certain gap between the femoral head and the acetabulum while maintaining the integrity of the external rotator muscles and the main blood supply source of the femoral head through flipping the greater trochanter. After that, the hip joint is peeled off from the front to expose the hip joint capsule, and further incision is made to expose the femoral head and acetabulum, providing a 360-degree view of the femoral head for the implementation of surgical treatment operations. After the operation, the greater trochanter osteotomy block needs to be reset and fixed to the femur with screws. This technique can be used to treat a variety of diseases in the hip joint, such as femoral head necrosis, hip-femoral impingement syndrome, femoral head epiphysis slippage, hip synovial chondromatosis, femoral head fracture, benign and malignant tumors in the hip joint, etc.

[0003] In the current surgical dislocation of the hip, osteotomy and screw placement are performed manually. The accuracy of the osteotomy and screw placement depends entirely on the doctor's experience, and it is easy for the osteotomy block to be too large or too small or the osteotomy direction to be wrong. During the operation, if the osteotomy block is too small, it is easy to cause osteotomy fracture. If the osteotomy block is too large, it may cause damage to the bone nutrient artery and thus cause bone necrosis. Incorrect osteotomy direction may cause damage to blood vessels, nerves, and tendons around the hip joint, leading to serious complications. During the screw placement process, manual direct screw placement is prone to screws penetrating into the joint cavity or damaging surrounding blood vessels and nerves, causing hemorrhagic shock, nerve damage, or direct paralysis in patients. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art that osteotomy and screw placement are both performed manually in hip dislocation surgery, and the accuracy of osteotomy size, direction and screw placement is difficult to control. An osteotomy and screw placement guide system and a method of use for hip dislocation surgery are designed, which do not need to rely entirely on the doctor's experience and can ensure the accuracy of osteotomy and screw placement.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0006] As a first aspect, a hip joint surgical dislocation approach osteotomy and screw placement guide assembly comprises an osteotomy auxiliary plate and a positioning screw guide plate; the osteotomy auxiliary plate is arranged on the outside of the patient's exposed greater trochanter femur to assist an external cutting device in performing an osteotomy operation on the patient's greater trochanter femur; the positioning screw guide plate is arranged on the outside of the patient's greater trochanter femur after the osteotomy is completed, and is used to position and guide at least two reduction and fastening screws;

[0007] When the osteotomy is completed, the osteotomy auxiliary plate is separated from the patient's exposed greater trochanter and femur and removed, and the screw guide plate is set on the outside of the patient's repositioned greater trochanter through a Kirschner wire;

[0008] The osteotomy auxiliary plate includes a first fitting fixing block fixedly arranged on the greater trochanter of the patient, a second fitting fixing block fixedly arranged on the corresponding femur of the patient, and an osteotomy guide mechanism arranged between the first fitting fixing block and the second fitting fixing block; the first fitting fixing block, the second fitting fixing block and the osteotomy guide mechanism are all connected by a connecting rod; when in use, the first fitting fixing block is fit-fixed to the outer side of the greater trochanter osteotomy block of the patient to be cut, and the second fitting fixing block is fit-fixed to the outer side of the corresponding femur of the patient.

[0009] Specifically, the osteotomy guide mechanism includes a first osteotomy guide mechanism and a second osteotomy guide mechanism connected to each other;

[0010] The first osteotomy guide mechanism comprises a first osteotomy plate connected to the first fitting fixing block via a connecting rod, a second osteotomy plate connected to the first osteotomy plate, and a third osteotomy plate connected to the second osteotomy plate; the first osteotomy plate, the second osteotomy plate and the third osteotomy plate are arranged to form a first osteotomy groove with an open side end;

[0011] The second osteotomy guide mechanism includes a fourth osteotomy plate connected to the second fitting fixing block through a connecting rod, a fifth osteotomy plate connected to the fourth osteotomy plate, and a sixth osteotomy plate connected to the fifth osteotomy plate; the fourth osteotomy plate, the fifth osteotomy plate and the sixth osteotomy plate are arranged to form a second osteotomy groove with an opening at the side end; the opening of the first osteotomy groove is opposite to the opening of the second osteotomy groove.

[0012] Specifically, the second osteotomy plate is fixedly connected to the fifth osteotomy plate, and corresponding cutting positions of the first osteotomy groove and the second osteotomy groove are not on the same horizontal plane.

[0013] Specifically, the osteotomy auxiliary plate further includes at least one first fixing hole platform arranged on the first fitting fixing block and at least two second fixing hole platforms arranged on the second fitting fixing block; wherein,

[0014] The first fitting fixing block is fixed to the patient's greater trochanter osteotomy block via a Kirschner wire inserted into the first fixing hole; the second fitting fixing block is fixed to the patient's femur via a Kirschner wire inserted into the second fixing hole.

[0015] Specifically, the first fixing hole platform includes one, the second fixing hole platforms include two, and the two second fixing hole platforms are cross-shaped and tilted.

[0016] Specifically, the screw guide plate comprises:

[0017] a first nail placement plate, wherein the inner surface of the first nail placement plate is fitted with the outer surface of the greater trochanter osteotomy block of the patient;

[0018] a second nail placement plate, wherein the inner side of the second nail placement plate is fitted with the corresponding outer side of the femur of the patient;

[0019] A nail placing connecting rod, the two ends of which are respectively fixed to the first nail placing plate and the second nail placing plate;

[0020] At least two upper guide nail half-enclosed bosses are arranged on the first nail placement plate, and the guide direction of the upper guide nail half-enclosed bosses is from the patient's greater trochanter osteotomy block to the femur;

[0021] At least two lower nail guide circular bosses are arranged on the second nail placement plate, and the nail guiding direction of the lower nail guide circular bosses is from the greater trochanter of the patient to the lesser trochanter of the patient.

[0022] Specifically, the lower nail guide circular bosses include two, and the two lower nail guide circular bosses are staggered.

[0023] Specifically, the upper guide nail half-enclosed bosses include four, and the four upper guide nail half-enclosed bosses are evenly distributed on the first nail placement plate, and the upper guide nail half-enclosed bosses are surrounded by 240 degrees.

[0024] As a second aspect, according to the above-mentioned method for using the osteotomy and screw placement guide assembly for hip surgical dislocation approach, the method comprises the following steps:

[0025] S1. Preliminary surgical preparation: according to the shape of the patient's greater trochanter and femur and the cutting position, the osteotomy auxiliary plate and screw guide plate are 3D printed, the patient is placed in the lateral position, the skin is cut on the outside of the hip joint, and the outside of the patient's greater trochanter and femur is exposed;

[0026] S2. The osteotomy auxiliary plate is built in, and the position and direction of the osteotomy auxiliary plate are adjusted. The osteotomy auxiliary plate is fixed to the outside of the greater trochanter femur of the patient through at least two Kirschner wires respectively inserted into the first fitting fixing block and the second fitting fixing block;

[0027] S3. Performing osteotomy on the patient, that is, the doctor cuts the greater trochanter osteotomy block through an external cutting device and an osteotomy guide mechanism;

[0028] S4. After the cutting is completed, remove the osteotomy auxiliary plate;

[0029] S5. Implant the screw guide plate, that is, use the Kirschner wire to fix the screw guide plate on the patient's greater trochanter and the outside of the femur according to the fixation position of the greater trochanter osteotomy block;

[0030] S6. Replace the K-wire on the screw guide with an implanted screw;

[0031] S7. After the replacement is completed, remove the Kirschner wire and the screw guide plate that fix the screw guide plate;

[0032] S8. Perform surgical suturing procedures on the patient.

[0033] Specifically, in step S6, the Kirschner wires on the screw guide plate are removed one by one, and screws are implanted until they are completely replaced.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the hip joint surgical dislocation approach osteotomy and nail placement guide assembly and the use method of the present invention are:

[0035] The present invention designs an osteotomy and screw guide assembly in a conventional hip joint surgical dislocation approach, and is designed with an osteotomy auxiliary plate and a screw guide plate. The osteotomy auxiliary plate includes an osteotomy guide mechanism in an appropriate position, which is used to accurately locate the osteotomy position of the patient's greater trochanter osteotomy block, solving the problem that the osteotomy of the patient in the prior art completely relies on the doctor's experience, and the osteotomy block is easily too large or too small or the osteotomy direction is misplaced. The design of the osteotomy auxiliary plate of the present invention guarantees the accuracy of the osteotomy position to a large extent. At the same time, after the osteotomy operation is completed, the screw guide plate is used to position and guide the implanted screw to avoid the screw from penetrating the joint cavity or damaging the surrounding blood vessels and nerves during the screw placement process. On the one hand, the accuracy of the screw placement position and direction is guaranteed, and on the other hand, the surgical safety of the patient is guaranteed to a certain extent.

[0036] By using the method for using the osteotomy and screw guide assembly for surgical dislocation approach of hip joint of the present invention, an osteotomy auxiliary plate and a screw guide plate can be manufactured by 3D printing technology in the early stage of the operation according to the shape of the patient's greater trochanter and femur and the cutting position required for the operation, so that the osteotomy auxiliary plate and screw guide assembly for surgical dislocation approach of hip joint of the present invention can be applied to surgical dislocation approach of hip joint of different patients, and has a wide applicability. The use of the osteotomy auxiliary plate ensures the accuracy of the osteotomy position, and the use of the screw guide plate ensures the accuracy of the position of the implanted screw, which is beneficial to the stable fixation of the osteotomy block, thereby making the patient's osteotomy block reduction more accurate. For the patient, accurate cutting position and accurate reduction of the osteotomy block are the most important conditions for reducing the patient's surgical risk and reducing the incidence of complications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the left femur structure of a patient in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a first-view stereoscopic image of the osteotomy auxiliary plate in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a stereoscopic view from a second perspective of the osteotomy auxiliary plate in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 It is a detailed view of the osteotomy guide mechanism in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of osteotomy operation software according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the screw guide plate in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the nail placement operation software in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 8 It is a flow chart of a method for using an osteotomy and screw placement guide assembly according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] In the figure: 1. osteotomy auxiliary plate, 11. first fitting fixing block, 12. second fitting fixing block, 13. osteotomy guide mechanism, 131. first osteotomy plate, 132. second osteotomy plate, 133. third osteotomy plate, 134. first osteotomy groove, 135. fourth osteotomy plate, 136. fifth osteotomy plate, 137. sixth osteotomy plate, 138. second osteotomy groove, 14. connecting rod, 15. first fixing hole platform, 16. second fixing hole platform, 2. screw guide plate, 21. first nail placement plate, 22. second nail placement plate, 23. upper guide nail half-wrapped boss, 24. lower guide nail round boss, 25. nail placement connecting rod, 3. left femur. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the components related to the present invention.

[0048] Embodiment 1

[0049] like Figure 1-Figure 7 The specific embodiment of the osteotomy and screw guide assembly for surgical dislocation of hip joint of the present invention shown in the figure comprises an osteotomy auxiliary plate 1 and a screw guide plate 2; the osteotomy auxiliary plate 1 is arranged on the outside of the greater trochanter of the femur exposed by the patient, and assists the external cutting device in osteotomizing the greater trochanter of the femur of the patient; the screw guide plate 2 is arranged on the outside of the greater trochanter of the femur of the patient after the osteotomy is completed, and is used to position and guide at least two reduction and fastening screws. When the osteotomy is completed, the osteotomy auxiliary plate 1 is separated from the exposed greater trochanter and femur of the patient and removed, and the screw guide plate 2 is arranged on the outside of the greater trochanter of the femur after the reduction of the patient through the Kirschner wire.

[0050] This embodiment 1 takes a surgical dislocation approach operation of the left femur 3 of a patient as an example. It needs to be further explained that the osteotomy auxiliary plate 1 in this embodiment includes a first fitting fixing block 11 fixedly arranged on the patient's greater trochanter, a second fitting fixing block 12 fixedly arranged on the corresponding femur of the patient, and an osteotomy guide mechanism 13 arranged between the first fitting fixing block 11 and the second fitting fixing block 12; the first fitting fixing block 11, the second fitting fixing block 12 and the osteotomy guide mechanism 13 are all connected by a connecting rod 14; when in use, the first fitting fixing block 11 is fitted and fixed to the outer side of the greater trochanter osteotomy block of the patient to be cut, and the second fitting fixing block 12 is fitted and fixed to the outer side of the corresponding femur of the patient.

[0051] The present invention adds osteotomy and screw guide components to the conventional hip joint surgical dislocation approach, and is designed with an osteotomy auxiliary plate 1 and a screw guide plate 2. The osteotomy auxiliary plate 1 includes an osteotomy guide mechanism 13 at an appropriate position, which is used to accurately locate the osteotomy position of the patient's greater trochanter osteotomy block, solving the problem that the osteotomy of the patient in the prior art completely relies on the doctor's experience, which is prone to the problem of the osteotomy block being too large or too small or the osteotomy direction being misplaced. The design of the osteotomy auxiliary plate 1 of the present invention guarantees the accuracy of the osteotomy position to a large extent. At the same time, after the osteotomy operation is completed, the screw guide plate 2 is used to position and guide the implanted screw to avoid the screw penetrating into the joint cavity or damaging the surrounding blood vessels and nerves during the screw placement process. On the one hand, the accuracy of the screw placement position and direction is guaranteed, and on the other hand, the surgical safety of the patient is guaranteed to a certain extent.

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, the osteotomy guide mechanism 13 includes a first osteotomy guide mechanism 13 and a second osteotomy guide mechanism 13 that are interconnected; wherein, the first osteotomy guide mechanism 13 includes a first osteotomy plate 131 connected to the first fitting fixing block 11 through a connecting rod 14, a second osteotomy plate 132 connected to the first osteotomy plate 131, and a third osteotomy plate 133 connected to the second osteotomy plate 132; the first osteotomy plate 131, the second osteotomy plate 132 and the third osteotomy plate 133 are arranged to form a first osteotomy groove 134 with an open side end. The second osteotomy guide mechanism 13 includes a fourth osteotomy plate 135 connected to the second fitting fixing block 12 through a connecting rod 14, a fifth osteotomy plate 136 connected to the fourth osteotomy plate 135, and a sixth osteotomy plate 137 connected to the fifth osteotomy plate 136; the fourth osteotomy plate 135, the fifth osteotomy plate 136, and the sixth osteotomy plate 137 are arranged to form a second osteotomy groove 138 with an opening at the side end; the opening of the first osteotomy groove 134 is opposite to the opening of the second osteotomy groove 138. The second osteotomy plate 132 is fixedly connected to the fifth osteotomy plate 136, and the corresponding cutting positions of the first osteotomy groove 134 and the second osteotomy groove 138 are not on the same horizontal plane.

[0053] In this embodiment, the overall position of the first osteotomy groove 134 and the second osteotomy groove 138 is 1.5 to 2.0 cm inward from the outer edge of the greater trochanter of the femur. The horizontal planes where the first osteotomy groove 134 and the second osteotomy groove 138 are located are not overlapped, and the openings of the first osteotomy groove 134 and the second osteotomy groove 138 are separated from each other, which can not only meet the cutting requirements during surgery, but also make the osteotomy block of the patient more accurately reset, which is conducive to the stability of the osteotomy block after fixation.

[0054] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 , one side end of the first osteotomy groove 134 and the second osteotomy groove 138 are both provided with an opening, which can ensure that the cutting knife of the external cutting device can be smoothly pulled out, and ensure the safety and stability of the patient's cutting process. The positions of the first osteotomy groove 134 and the second osteotomy groove 138 are determined according to the needs of the patient. During the cutting process, the first osteotomy groove 134 and the second osteotomy groove 138 limit the cutting position, making the osteotomy position more accurate, and will not be offset due to external factors or insufficient doctor experience. After the osteotomy groove of the present invention is limited, the osteotomy position can reach the best, avoiding damage to the surrounding blood vessels and nerves, and reducing the incidence of complications.

[0055] In this embodiment, the osteotomy auxiliary plate 1 also includes at least one first fixing hole platform 15 arranged on the first fitting fixing block 11 and at least two second fixing hole platforms 16 arranged on the second fitting fixing block 12; wherein, the first fitting fixing block 11 is fixed to the patient's greater trochanter osteotomy block through the Kirschner wires inserted in the first fixing hole platform 15; and the second fitting fixing block 12 is fixed to the patient's femur through the Kirschner wires inserted in the second fixing hole platform 16. It should be understood that a through hole for inserting the Kirschner wire is provided between the first fixing hole platform 15 and the second fixing hole platform 16. As a preferred embodiment, the first fixing hole platform 15 includes one. The second fixing hole platform 16 includes two, and the two second fixing hole platforms 16 are cross-tilted. The two second fixing hole platforms 16 are cross-tilted, so that the Kirschner wires inserted therein are cross-inserted into the patient's femur, ensuring the stability of the second fitting fixing block 12.

[0056] like Figure 6 and 7As shown, the screw guide plate 2 in this embodiment includes a first nail placement plate 21, a second nail placement plate 22, a nail placement connecting rod 25 for connecting the first nail placement plate 21 and the second nail placement plate 22, an upper nail guide half-enclosed boss 23 arranged on the first nail placement plate 21, and a lower nail guide circular boss 24 arranged on the second nail placement plate 22. Among them, the inner side surface of the first nail placement plate 21 fits with the outer side surface of the greater trochanter osteotomy block of the patient, the inner side surface of the second nail placement plate 22 fits with the outer side surface of the femur corresponding to the patient, the two ends of the nail placement connecting rod 25 are respectively fixed on the first nail placement plate 21 and the second nail placement plate 22, at least two upper nail guide half-enclosed bosses 24 are arranged on the first nail placement plate 21, and the nail guide direction of the upper nail guide half-enclosed bosses 24 is from the greater trochanter osteotomy block of the patient to the femur, and at least two lower nail guide circular bosses 23 are arranged on the second nail placement plate 22, and the nail guide direction of the lower nail guide circular bosses 23 is from the greater trochanter of the patient to the lesser trochanter.

[0057] As an implementation mode, the lower guide nail circular bosses 23 in this embodiment include two, and the two lower guide nail circular bosses 23 are staggered. The two lower guide nail circular bosses 23 are staggered, so that the Kirschner wire inserted between the two lower guide nail circular bosses 23 can stably fix the second nail plate 21 on the outer side of the femur of the patient.

[0058] As an implementation mode, the upper guide nail half-enclosed boss 24 in this embodiment includes four, and the four upper guide nail half-enclosed bosses 24 are evenly distributed on the first nail plate 22, and the upper guide nail half-enclosed boss 24 is surrounded by 240 degrees. The upper guide nail half-enclosed boss 24 in this embodiment is designed to be surrounded by 240 degrees, leaving a 60-degree gap, so that there is sufficient stability and accuracy during the screw implantation process. And after the Kirschner wire is implanted, the screw guide plate 2 can be easily removed for the next step. It should be understood here that perforations for inserting Kirschner wires are provided in the middle of the lower guide nail circular boss 23 and the upper guide nail half-enclosed boss 24, and the use of the perforations will not be explained in detail here.

[0059] In this embodiment, a screw guide plate 2 is cleverly used to guide the implantation of Kirschner wires and / or screws. The screw guide plate 2 in this embodiment is designed according to the patient's optimal screw direction and position. During the operation, the screw guide plate 2 guides the implantation of the Kirschner wires and fixes the screw guide plate 2 on the greater trochanter osteotomy block and the femur. At least two Kirschner wires are implanted on the greater trochanter osteotomy block and on the corresponding lower femur of the greater trochanter osteotomy block. The needle placement direction of the two Kirschner wires implanted on the greater trochanter osteotomy block is from the greater trochanter osteotomy block to the femur, and the needle placement direction of at least two Kirschner wires on the femur is from the greater trochanter to the lesser trochanter. The implantation length of the Kirschner wire is determined by preoperative calculation. The specific determination process can be determined by the doctor's experience or the calculation method in the prior art, which will not be elaborated in detail here. The Kirschner wires inserted on the screw guide plate 2 are temporarily fixed to the screw guide plate 2, and then the Kirschner wires are removed one by one and the screws are implanted. After the replacement is completed one by one, the precise implantation of at least four screws can be achieved.

[0060] Embodiment 2

[0061] Based on the above method for using the osteotomy and screw guide assembly for hip dislocation surgery, Figure 8 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0062] S1. Preliminary surgical preparation: that is, according to the shape of the patient's greater trochanter and femur and the cutting position, the osteotomy auxiliary plate 1 and the screw guide plate 2 are 3D printed, the patient is placed in a lateral position, the skin on the outside of the hip joint is cut, and the outside of the patient's greater trochanter and femur is exposed;

[0063] S2. The osteotomy auxiliary plate 1 is built in, the position and direction of the osteotomy auxiliary plate 1 are adjusted, and the osteotomy auxiliary plate 1 is fixed to the outside of the greater trochanter femur of the patient through at least two Kirschner wires respectively inserted into the first fitting fixing block 11 and the second fitting fixing block 12;

[0064] S3. Performing osteotomy on the patient, that is, the doctor performs osteotomy block cutting of the greater trochanter through an external cutting device through an osteotomy guide mechanism 13;

[0065] S4. After the cutting is completed, remove the osteotomy auxiliary plate 1;

[0066] S5. Implanting the screw guide plate 2, that is, using a Kirschner wire to fix the screw guide plate 2 on the patient's greater trochanter and the outside of the femur according to the fixation position of the greater trochanter osteotomy block;

[0067] S6. Implant the screw to replace the Kirschner wire on the screw guide plate 2;

[0068] S7. After the replacement is completed, remove the Kirschner wire and screw guide plate 2 that fix the screw guide plate 2;

[0069] S8. Perform surgical suturing procedures on the patient.

[0070] Among them, in step S6, the Kirschner wires on the screw guide plate 2 are taken out one by one, and the screws are implanted until they are completely replaced.

[0071] like Figure 8 As shown, the specific process of the method for using the osteotomy and screw guide assembly for surgical dislocation of the hip joint of the present invention is as follows: the patient takes a lateral position, and the doctor directly cuts the skin, subcutaneous tissue, iliotibial band and gluteus maximus and tensor fasciae latae on the outside of the patient's hip joint to expose the deep structure. After exposing the outside of the femur below the greater trochanter, the 3D-printed osteotomy auxiliary plate 1 is inserted, and the direction and position of the osteotomy auxiliary plate 1 on the patient's femur are manually adjusted until the surgical position is met. Two Kirschner wires are used to cross the osteotomy auxiliary plate 1 to temporarily fix the patient's femur and the outside of the greater trochanter. Then, according to the positions of the first osteotomy groove 134 and the second osteotomy groove 138 on the osteotomy auxiliary plate 1, an external cutting device is used to perform an osteotomy operation on the patient's greater trochanter. During the osteotomy operation, the cutting blade of the external cutting device is set in the first osteotomy groove 134 and / or the second osteotomy groove 138, and the surrounding plate around the osteotomy groove plays a limiting role on the cutting blade. After the osteotomy is completed, the Kirschner wire temporarily fixed on the osteotomy auxiliary plate 1 is removed, and the osteotomy auxiliary plate 1 is removed.

[0072] After the osteotomy operation is completed and the osteotomy auxiliary plate 1 is removed, the doctor places the screw guide plate 2 outside the corresponding cutting position of the patient, adjusts it to the appropriate position and direction, and uses the Kirschner wire to fix the screw guide plate 2 on the patient's femur and greater trochanter according to the position of the upper guide pin half-wrapped boss 24 on the screw guide plate 2. The Kirschner wire is used to penetrate the femoral trochanteric osteotomy block and the un-osteotomized part through the lower guide pin circular boss 23 to temporarily fix the femoral trochanteric osteotomy block and the un-osteotomized part. After the fluoroscopic confirmation that the position is good, the implanted Kirschner wires are removed one by one and the screws are implanted. After the replacement is completed one by one, the screw guide plate 2 is removed. That is, the osteotomy and screw placement guiding work in the surgical dislocation approach of hip joint is completed. By using the method for using the osteotomy and screw placement guiding assembly for the surgical dislocation approach of hip joint of the present invention, the osteotomy auxiliary plate 1 and the screw guide plate 2 can be manufactured by 3D printing technology in the early stage of the operation according to the patient's greater trochanter, femoral shape and the cutting position required for the operation, so that the osteotomy and screw placement guiding assembly for the surgical dislocation approach of hip joint of the present invention can be applied to the surgical dislocation approach of hip joint of different patients, and has a wide applicability. The use of the osteotomy auxiliary plate 1 ensures the accuracy of the osteotomy position, and the use of the screw guide plate 2 ensures the accuracy of the position of the implanted screw, which is conducive to the stable fixation of the osteotomy block, thereby making the patient's osteotomy block reduction more accurate. For the patient, accurate cutting position and accurate reduction of the osteotomy block are the most important conditions for reducing the patient's surgical risk and reducing the incidence of complications.

[0073] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described above are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention. Obvious changes or modifications derived from the spirit of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hip joint surgical dislocation approach osteotomy and screw placement guide assembly, characterized in that: It comprises an osteotomy auxiliary plate (1) and a screw guide plate (2); the osteotomy auxiliary plate (1) is arranged on the outside of the exposed greater trochanter of the femur of the patient to assist an external cutting device in performing an osteotomy operation on the greater trochanter of the femur of the patient; the screw guide plate (2) is arranged on the outside of the greater trochanter of the femur of the patient after the osteotomy is completed to position and guide at least two reduction and fastening screws; When the osteotomy is completed, the osteotomy auxiliary plate (1) is separated from the patient's exposed greater trochanter and femur and removed, and the screw guide plate (2) is set on the outside of the patient's repositioned greater trochanter through a Kirschner wire; The osteotomy auxiliary plate (1) comprises a first fitting fixing block (11) fixedly arranged on the greater trochanter of the patient, a second fitting fixing block (12) fixedly arranged on the corresponding femur of the patient, and an osteotomy guide mechanism (13) arranged between the first fitting fixing block (11) and the second fitting fixing block (12); the first fitting fixing block (11), the second fitting fixing block (12) and the osteotomy guide mechanism (13) are all connected via a connecting rod (14); when in use, the first fitting fixing block (11) is fitted and fixed to the outer side of the greater trochanter osteotomy block of the patient to be cut, and the second fitting fixing block (12) is fitted and fixed to the outer side of the corresponding femur of the patient.

2. A hip joint surgical dislocation approach osteotomy and screw placement guide assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The osteotomy guide mechanism (13) comprises a first osteotomy guide mechanism (13) and a second osteotomy guide mechanism (13) which are connected to each other; The first osteotomy guide mechanism (13) comprises a first osteotomy plate (131) connected to the first fitting fixing block (11) via a connecting rod (14), a second osteotomy plate (132) connected to the first osteotomy plate (131), and a third osteotomy plate (133) connected to the second osteotomy plate (132); the first osteotomy plate (131), the second osteotomy plate (132), and the third osteotomy plate (133) are arranged to form a first osteotomy groove (134) with an open side end; The second osteotomy guide mechanism (13) includes a fourth osteotomy plate (135) connected to the second fitting fixing block (12) via a connecting rod (14), a fifth osteotomy plate (136) connected to the fourth osteotomy plate (135), and a sixth osteotomy plate (137) connected to the fifth osteotomy plate (136); the fourth osteotomy plate (135), the fifth osteotomy plate (136) and the sixth osteotomy plate (137) are arranged to form a second osteotomy groove (138) with a side opening; the opening of the first osteotomy groove (134) is opposite to the opening of the second osteotomy groove (138).

3. A hip joint surgical dislocation approach osteotomy and screw placement guide assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second osteotomy plate (132) is fixedly connected to the fifth osteotomy plate (136), and the corresponding cutting positions of the first osteotomy groove (134) and the second osteotomy groove (138) are not on the same horizontal plane.

4. A hip joint surgical dislocation approach osteotomy and screw placement guide assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The osteotomy auxiliary plate (1) further comprises at least one first fixing hole platform (15) arranged on the first fitting fixing block (11) and at least two second fixing hole platforms (16) arranged on the second fitting fixing block (12); wherein, The first fitting fixation block (11) is fixed to the patient's greater trochanter osteotomy block via a Kirschner wire inserted into a first fixation hole (15); and the second fitting fixation block (12) is fixed to the patient's femur via a Kirschner wire inserted into a second fixation hole (16).

5. A hip joint surgical dislocation approach osteotomy and screw placement guide assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first fixing hole platform (15) comprises one; the second fixing hole platforms (16) comprise two, and the two second fixing hole platforms (16) are cross-arranged and tilted.

6. A hip joint surgical dislocation approach osteotomy and screw placement guide assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screw guide plate (2) comprises: A first nail placement plate (21), wherein the inner surface of the first nail placement plate (21) fits the outer surface of the greater trochanter osteotomy block of the patient; A second nail placement plate (22), wherein the inner side of the second nail placement plate (22) is fitted with the corresponding outer side of the femur of the patient; A nail placing connecting rod (25), the two ends of which are respectively fixed on the first nail placing plate (21) and the second nail placing plate (22); At least two upper nail guide half-enclosed bosses (24) are arranged on the first nail placement plate (22), and the nail guide direction of the upper nail guide half-enclosed bosses (24) is directed from the patient's greater trochanter osteotomy block to the femur; At least two lower nail guide circular bosses (23) are arranged on the second nail placement plate (21), and the nail guide direction of the lower nail guide circular bosses (23) is from the greater trochanter of the patient to the lesser trochanter of the patient.

7. A hip joint surgical dislocation approach osteotomy and screw placement guide assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower nail guide circular bosses (23) include two, and the two lower nail guide circular bosses (23) are arranged alternately.

8. The osteotomy and screw placement guide assembly for surgical dislocation of hip joint according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper nail guide half-enclosed bosses (24) include four, the four upper nail guide half-enclosed bosses (24) are evenly distributed on the first nail placement plate (22), and the upper nail guide half-enclosed bosses (24) are surrounded by 240 degrees.

9. A method for using a hip joint surgical dislocation approach osteotomy and screw placement guide assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Preliminary surgical preparation: according to the shape of the patient's greater trochanter and femur and the cutting position, the osteotomy auxiliary plate (1) and the screw guide plate (2) are 3D printed, the patient is placed in a lateral position, the skin is cut on the outside of the hip joint, and the outside of the patient's greater trochanter and femur is exposed; S2. The osteotomy auxiliary plate (1) is built in, and the position and direction of the osteotomy auxiliary plate (1) are adjusted. The osteotomy auxiliary plate (1) is fixed to the outer side of the greater trochanter of the patient's femur by at least two Kirschner wires respectively inserted into the first fitting fixing block (11) and the second fitting fixing block (12); S3. Performing osteotomy on the patient, that is, the doctor cuts the greater trochanter osteotomy block through an external cutting device through an osteotomy guide mechanism (13); S4. After the cutting is completed, remove the osteotomy auxiliary plate (1); S5. Implanting the screw guide plate (2), that is, using a Kirschner wire to fix the screw guide plate (2) on the patient's greater trochanter and the outer side of the femur according to the fixation position of the greater trochanter osteotomy block; S6. Replace the Kirschner wire on the screw guide plate (2) with an implanted screw; S7. After the replacement is completed, remove the Kirschner wire and the screw guide plate (2) that fix the screw guide plate (2); S8. Perform surgical suturing procedures on the patient.

10. The method for using the osteotomy and screw placement guide assembly for hip dislocation surgery according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S6, the Kirschner wires on the screw guide plate (2) are removed one by one, and screws are implanted until they are completely replaced.

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