Die assembly mechanism with stretching function

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mold closing mechanisms, and discloses a mold closing mechanism with a stretching function, the mold closing mechanism comprises a top frame, a lower fixed plate, an upper fixed plate, an upper movable plate, a stretching assembly and a lower movable plate, four tiebars are fixedly mounted between the top frame and the lower fixed plate, the upper movable plate and the lower movable plate are sequentially and slidably connected outside the tiebars in a sleeving manner from top to bottom, and the stretching assembly is connected with the stretching assembly. Four lifting air cylinders are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the upper fixing plate, the telescopic ends of the jacking air cylinders are fixedly connected to the bottom of the top frame, an upper gear motor is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper fixing plate, an upper transmission crank arm assembly is arranged between the upper fixing plate and the upper movable plate, and the stretching assembly is arranged on the upper movable plate. According to the stretching device, power does not need to be additionally introduced for stretching operation, the stretching effect and the stretching rhythm are better guaranteed, and therefore the machining and production operation efficiency of products and the forming quality of the products are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mold clamping mechanisms, and more specifically, to a mold clamping mechanism with a stretching function. Background Art

[0002] A mold is a tool that uses a specific shape to form a blank (solid or liquid) into a product with a certain shape and size under the action of an external force. Molds are widely used in forging, stamping, powder metallurgy pressing, pressure casting, and compression molding, vacuum forming, and injection molding of engineering plastics, rubber, ceramics and other products. The clamping mechanism is a motion control accessory of the mold, which is mainly used to ensure the reliable locking of the molding mold and realize the opening and closing movement of the mold.

[0003] However, during the use of the existing mold clamping mechanism, due to the lack of stretching function, if the mold of the product needs to be stretched, the mold is usually designed to be in-mold assisted stretching, and power is introduced for stretching operation, resulting in unsatisfactory stretching effect and mismatched stretching rhythm, which affects the processing and production efficiency of the product and the product molding quality. In view of this, we propose a mold clamping mechanism with a stretching function to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a mold clamping mechanism with a stretching function to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The top of described sliding panel also is provided with an interlocking structure, and the interlocking structure is hinged on the base plate, and the interlocking structure is hinged on the base plate, and the interlocking structure is hinged on the base plate, and the interlocking structure is hinged on the base plate, and the interlocking structure is hinged on the base plate, and the interlocking structure is hinged on the base plate, and the interlocking structure is hinged on the base plate,

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, each end corner of the upper fixed plate is rotatably connected with a positioning screw barrel, the positioning screw barrel is threadedly sleeved on the outside of the Corinthian column, the outside of the positioning screw barrel is fixedly sleeved with a transmission sprocket, the upper fixed plate is rotatably connected with a guide sprocket via a rotating shaft, and a linkage chain is meshed and connected between the transmission sprocket and the guide sprocket.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the upper transmission crank arm assembly includes an upper transmission shaft, an upper cam, a first active connecting rod and a second active connecting rod. The upper transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the driving end of the upper reduction motor. The upper cam is rotatably connected to the upper eccentric wheel through an assembled bearing a. The upper eccentric wheel is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the upper transmission shaft. The upper end of the first active connecting rod is movably hinged to the bottom end of the upper fixed plate, the second active connecting rod is movably hinged between the first active connecting rod and the upper movable plate, and the front end of the upper cam is movably hinged to the first active connecting rod.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a first driven link is movably hinged at the bottom end of the upper fixed plate, a second driven link is movably hinged between the first driven link and the upper movable plate, and an upper reinforcement link is movably hinged between the first active link and the first driven link.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the stretching assembly includes a stretching reduction motor, a stretching shaft and a stretching rack seat, the stretching reduction motor is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper movable plate, the stretching shaft is fixedly connected to the driving end of the stretching reduction motor, the upper movable plate is fixedly installed on the limit cover plate, the stretching rack seat slides from top to bottom in sequence through the limit cover plate and the upper movable plate, the outer side of the stretching shaft is fixedly sleeved with a positioning gear, and the positioning gear is meshed with the stretching rack seat.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a support bearing is fixedly installed on the upper movable plate, and the support bearing is rotatably sleeved outside the stretching shaft.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, an upper auxiliary cylinder is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the upper fixed plate, and a telescopic end of the upper auxiliary cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper movable plate.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the lower transmission crank arm assembly includes a lower transmission shaft, a lower cam, a third active connecting rod and a fourth active connecting rod. The lower transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the driving end of the lower reduction motor. The lower cam is rotatably connected to the lower eccentric wheel through an assembled bearing b. The lower eccentric wheel is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the lower transmission shaft. The upper end of the third active connecting rod is movably hinged to the bottom end of the lower moving plate. The fourth active connecting rod is movably hinged between the third active connecting rod and the lower fixed plate. The front end of the lower cam is movably hinged to the fourth active connecting rod.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a third driven link is movably hinged at the bottom end of the lower movable plate, a fourth driven link is movably hinged between the third driven link and the lower fixed plate, and a lower reinforcement link is movably hinged between the fourth active link and the fourth driven link.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a lower auxiliary cylinder is fixedly installed on the lower fixed plate, and the lower auxiliary cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower moving plate.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention realizes mold closing and mold opening by mounting the mold on the upper movable plate and the lower movable plate respectively. When the upper reduction motor is in operation, the upper transmission crank arm assembly is used to drive the upper movable plate to reciprocate up and down. When the lower reduction motor is in operation, the lower transmission crank arm assembly is used to drive the lower movable plate to reciprocate up and down, thereby realizing mold closing and mold opening. If the mold of the product needs to be stretched, after the stretching rack seat is connected with the mold stretching component, the stretching reduction motor is used to drive the stretching shaft to rotate, and the positioning gear can be used to drive the stretching rack seat to rise, so that the stretching rack seat can stretch the mold stretching component, so as to drive and control the movement of the mold stretching component, without the need to introduce additional power for the stretching operation, so as to better ensure the stretching effect and stretching rhythm, thereby improving the processing and production efficiency of the product and the product molding quality.

[0016] 2. The present invention arranges positioning screw barrels, coring columns, transmission sprockets, guide sprockets and linkage chains. If the height position of the upper fixed plate is adjusted, the linkage chain can be used to make each positioning screw barrel perform synchronous thread rotation along the coring columns during the lifting process of the upper fixed plate, which is beneficial to ensure that the upper fixed plate is in a stable horizontal state, thereby ensuring the mold clamping effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a mold clamping mechanism with a stretching function of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an upper fixed plate and an upper movable plate in a clamping mechanism with a stretching function according to the present invention from a first perspective; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the stereoscopic structure of an upper fixed plate and an upper movable plate in a clamping mechanism with a stretching function according to the present invention from a second viewing angle; Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of an upper fixed plate and an upper movable plate in a mold clamping mechanism with a stretching function of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a lower fixed plate and a lower movable plate in a mold clamping mechanism with a stretching function of the present invention; Figure 6It is a front view structural schematic diagram of a mold clamping mechanism with a stretching function according to the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1, top frame; 2, lower fixed plate; 201, lower reduction motor; 202, lower auxiliary cylinder; 3, collin column; 4, upper fixed plate; 401, lifting cylinder; 402, positioning screw barrel; 403, transmission sprocket; 404, rotating shaft; 405, guide sprocket; 406, linkage chain; 407, upper reduction motor; 408, upper auxiliary cylinder; 5, upper moving plate; 501, limit cover plate; 502, support bearing; 6, upper transmission crank arm assembly; 601, upper transmission shaft; 602, upper cam; 6021, assembly bearing a; 6022, upper eccentric wheel; 603, first main moving connecting rod; 604, second active connecting rod; 605, first driven connecting rod; 606, second driven connecting rod; 607, upper reinforcement connecting rod; 7, stretching assembly; 701, stretching reduction motor; 702, stretching shaft; 703, stretching rack seat; 704, positioning gear; 8, lower moving plate; 9, lower transmission crank arm assembly; 901, lower transmission shaft; 902, lower cam; 9021, assembly bearing b; 9022, lower eccentric wheel; 903, third active connecting rod; 904, fourth active connecting rod; 905, third driven connecting rod; 906, fourth driven connecting rod; 907, lower reinforcement connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “upper”, “lower”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside” and “outside” are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, the present invention provides a clamping mechanism with a stretching function, including a top frame 1, a lower fixed plate 2, an upper fixed plate 4, an upper movable plate 5, a stretching assembly 7 and a lower movable plate 8. Four Corinthian columns 3 are fixedly installed between the top frame 1 and the lower fixed plate 2. The upper movable plate 5 and the lower movable plate 8 are slidably sleeved on the outside of the Corinthian columns 3 from top to bottom in sequence. Four lifting cylinders 401 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the upper fixed plate 4. The telescopic ends of the lifting cylinders 401 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the top frame 1. An upper reduction motor 407 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper fixed plate 4. An upper transmission crank arm assembly 6 is arranged between the fixed plate 4 and the upper movable plate 5. The upper transmission crank arm assembly 6 is used to drive the upper movable plate 5 to reciprocate up and down when the upper reduction motor 407 is running. A stretching assembly 7 is arranged on the upper movable plate 5. The stretching assembly 7 is used to drive and control the movement of the mold stretching component. A lower reduction motor 201 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the lower fixed plate 2. A lower transmission crank arm assembly 9 is arranged between the lower fixed plate 2 and the lower movable plate 8. The lower transmission crank arm assembly 9 is used to drive the lower movable plate 8 to reciprocate up and down when the lower reduction motor 201 is running.

[0022] Among them, Figure 1 As shown, each end corner of the upper fixed plate 4 is rotatably connected with a positioning screw barrel 402, the positioning screw barrel 402 is threadedly sleeved on the outside of the coring column 3, the outside of the positioning screw barrel 402 is fixedly sleeved with a transmission sprocket 403, the upper fixed plate 4 is rotatably connected with a guide sprocket 405 through a rotating shaft 404, and a linkage chain 406 is meshed and connected between the transmission sprocket 403 and the guide sprocket 405. If the height position of the upper fixed plate 4 is adjusted, the linkage chain 406 can be used during the lifting process of the upper fixed plate 4 to enable each positioning screw barrel 402 to perform synchronous threaded rotation along the coring column 3, which is beneficial to ensure that the upper fixed plate 4 is in a stable horizontal state, thereby ensuring the mold clamping effect.

[0023] Among them, Figure 2 As shown, the upper transmission crank arm assembly 6 includes an upper transmission shaft 601, an upper cam 602, a first active connecting rod 603 and a second active connecting rod 604. The upper transmission shaft 601 is fixedly connected to the driving end of the upper reduction motor 407. The upper cam 602 is rotatably connected to the upper eccentric wheel 6022 through the assembled bearing a6021. The upper eccentric wheel 6022 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the upper transmission shaft 601. The upper end of the first active connecting rod 603 is movably hinged to the bottom end of the upper fixed plate 4. The second active connecting rod 604 is movably hinged between the first active connecting rod 603 and the upper movable plate 5. The front end of the upper cam 602 is movably hinged to the first active connecting rod 603. The upper reduction motor 407 is used to drive the upper transmission shaft 601 and the upper eccentric wheel 6022 to rotate, so that the upper cam 602, the first active connecting rod 603 and the second active connecting rod 604 drive the upper movable plate 5 to reciprocate up and down.

[0024] Among them, Figure 2As shown, the bottom end of the upper fixed plate 4 is movably hinged with a first driven link 605, a second driven link 606 is movably hinged between the first driven link 605 and the upper movable plate 5, and an upper reinforcement link 607 is movably hinged between the first active link 603 and the first driven link 605, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the overall structural stability of the upper transmission crank arm assembly 6.

[0025] Among them, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the stretching assembly 7 includes a stretching reduction motor 701, a stretching shaft 702 and a stretching rack seat 703. The stretching reduction motor 701 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper movable plate 5, the stretching shaft 702 is fixedly connected to the driving end of the stretching reduction motor 701, and the upper movable plate 5 is fixedly installed on the limit cover plate 501. The stretching rack seat 703 slides from top to bottom in sequence through the limit cover plate 501 and the upper movable plate 5. The outer part of the stretching shaft 702 is fixedly sleeved with a positioning gear 704, and the positioning gear 704 is meshed with the stretching rack seat 703. If the mold of the product needs to be stretched, after the stretching rack seat 703 is connected to the mold stretching component, the stretching reduction motor 701 is used to drive the stretching shaft 702 to rotate, and the positioning gear 704 can drive the stretching rack seat 703 to move upward, so that the stretching rack seat 703 can stretch the mold stretching component.

[0026] Among them, Figure 3 As shown, a support bearing 502 is fixedly installed on the upper movable plate 5, and the support bearing 502 is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the stretching shaft 702, thereby achieving the purpose of providing a good supporting effect on the stretching shaft 702.

[0027] Among them, Figure 4 As shown, an upper auxiliary cylinder 408 is fixedly installed on the bottom end of the upper fixed plate 4, and the telescopic end of the upper auxiliary cylinder 408 is fixedly connected to the upper movable plate 5. The upper auxiliary cylinder 408 can be used to generate an auxiliary guiding effect when the upper movable plate 5 reciprocates up and down.

[0028] Among them, Figure 5As shown, the lower transmission crank arm assembly 9 includes a lower transmission shaft 901, a lower cam 902, a third active connecting rod 903 and a fourth active connecting rod 904. The lower transmission shaft 901 is fixedly connected to the driving end of the lower reduction motor 201. The lower cam 902 is rotatably connected to the lower eccentric wheel 9022 through the assembled bearing b9021. The lower eccentric wheel 9022 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the lower transmission shaft 901. The upper end of the third active connecting rod 903 is movably hinged to the bottom end of the lower movable plate 8. The fourth active connecting rod 904 is movably hinged between the third active connecting rod 903 and the lower fixed plate 2. The front end of the lower cam 902 is movably hinged to the fourth active connecting rod 904. The lower reduction motor 201 is used to drive the lower transmission shaft 901 and the lower eccentric wheel 9022 to rotate, and the lower cam 902, the third active connecting rod 903 and the fourth active connecting rod 904 are used to drive the lower movable plate 8 to reciprocate up and down.

[0029] Among them, Figure 5 As shown, a third driven link 905 is movably hinged at the bottom end of the lower movable plate 8, a fourth driven link 906 is movably hinged between the third driven link 905 and the lower fixed plate 2, and a lower reinforcement link 907 is movably hinged between the fourth active link 904 and the fourth driven link 906, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the overall structural stability of the lower transmission crank arm assembly 9.

[0030] Among them, Figure 6 As shown, a lower auxiliary cylinder 202 is fixedly mounted on the lower fixed plate 2, and the lower auxiliary cylinder 202 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower movable plate 8. The lower auxiliary cylinder 202 can generate an auxiliary buffering effect when the lower movable plate 8 reciprocates up and down.

[0031] Working principle of the present invention: When using the clamping mechanism with stretching function, the mold is correspondingly mounted on the upper movable plate 5 and the lower movable plate 8. When the upper reduction motor 407 is in operation, the upper transmission crank arm assembly 6 is used to drive the upper movable plate 5 to reciprocate up and down. When the lower reduction motor 201 is in operation, the lower transmission crank arm assembly 9 is used to drive the lower movable plate 8 to reciprocate up and down, thereby realizing the clamping and opening actions. If the mold of the product needs to be stretched, the stretching rack seat 703 is connected to the mold stretching component, and the stretching reduction motor 701 is used to drive the stretching shaft 702 to rotate. The positioning gear 704 can drive the stretching rack seat 703 to rise, so that the stretching rack seat 703 can stretch the mold stretching component to drive and control the movement of the mold stretching component. If the height position of the upper fixed plate 4 is adjusted, the linkage chain 406 can be used during the lifting process of the upper fixed plate 4 to enable each positioning screw barrel 402 to perform synchronous threaded rotation along the Corinth column 3, which is beneficial to ensure that the upper fixed plate 4 is in a stable horizontal state, thereby ensuring the clamping effect.

[0032] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0033] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A clamping mechanism with a stretching function, characterized in that: It comprises a top frame (1), a lower fixed plate (2), an upper fixed plate (4), an upper movable plate (5), a stretching assembly (7) and a lower movable plate (8); Four Corinthian columns (3) are fixedly installed between the top frame (1) and the lower fixed plate (2); the upper movable plate (5) and the lower movable plate (8) are slidably sleeved on the outside of the Corinthian columns (3) in sequence from top to bottom; four tightening cylinders (401) are symmetrically fixedly installed on the upper fixed plate (4); and the telescopic ends of the tightening cylinders (401) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the top frame (1); An upper reduction motor (407) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the upper fixed plate (4); an upper transmission crank arm assembly (6) is arranged between the upper fixed plate (4) and the upper movable plate (5); the upper transmission crank arm assembly (6) is used to drive the upper movable plate (5) to perform up and down reciprocating motion when the upper reduction motor (407) is in operation; the stretching assembly (7) is arranged on the upper movable plate (5); the stretching assembly (7) is used to drive and control the movement of the mold stretching component; A lower reduction motor (201) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the lower fixed plate (2), and a lower transmission crank arm assembly (9) is provided between the lower fixed plate (2) and the lower movable plate (8). The lower transmission crank arm assembly (9) is used to drive the lower movable plate (8) to perform up and down reciprocating motion when the lower reduction motor (201) is in operation.

2. A clamping mechanism with a stretching function according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each end corner of the upper fixed plate (4) is rotatably connected to a positioning screw barrel (402), the positioning screw barrel (402) is threadedly sleeved on the outside of the coring column (3), the outside of the positioning screw barrel (402) is fixedly sleeved with a transmission sprocket (403), the upper fixed plate (4) is rotatably connected to a guide sprocket (405) via a rotating shaft (404), and a linkage chain (406) is meshedly connected between the transmission sprocket (403) and the guide sprocket (405).

3. A clamping mechanism with a stretching function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper transmission crank arm assembly (6) comprises an upper transmission shaft (601), an upper cam (602), a first active connecting rod (603) and a second active connecting rod (604); the upper transmission shaft (601) is fixedly connected to the driving end of the upper reduction motor (407); the upper cam (602) is rotatably connected to an upper eccentric wheel (6022) via an assembled bearing a (6021); the upper eccentric wheel (6022) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the upper transmission shaft (601); the upper end of the first active connecting rod (603) is movably hinged to the bottom end of the upper fixed plate (4); the second active connecting rod (604) is movably hinged between the first active connecting rod (603) and the upper movable plate (5); and the front end of the upper cam (602) is movably hinged to the first active connecting rod (603).

4. A clamping mechanism with a stretching function according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first driven link (605) is movably hinged at the bottom end of the upper fixed plate (4), a second driven link (606) is movably hinged between the first driven link (605) and the upper movable plate (5), and an upper reinforcement link (607) is movably hinged between the first active link (603) and the first driven link (605).

5. The mold clamping mechanism with stretching function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stretching assembly (7) comprises a stretching reduction motor (701), a stretching shaft (702) and a stretching rack seat (703); the stretching reduction motor (701) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the upper movable plate (5); the stretching shaft (702) is fixedly connected to the driving end of the stretching reduction motor (701); the upper movable plate (5) is fixedly mounted on a limit cover plate (501); the stretching rack seat (703) slides through the limit cover plate (501) and the upper movable plate (5) in sequence from top to bottom; a positioning gear (704) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the stretching shaft (702); and the positioning gear (704) is meshed with the stretching rack seat (703).

6. A clamping mechanism with a stretching function according to claim 5, characterized in that: A support bearing (502) is fixedly mounted on the upper movable plate (5), and the support bearing (502) is rotatably sleeved outside the stretching shaft (702).

7. The mold clamping mechanism with stretching function according to claim 4, characterized in that: An upper auxiliary cylinder (408) is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the upper fixed plate (4), and a telescopic end of the upper auxiliary cylinder (408) is fixedly connected to the upper movable plate (5).

8. The mold clamping mechanism with stretching function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower transmission crank arm assembly (9) comprises a lower transmission shaft (901), a lower cam (902), a third active connecting rod (903) and a fourth active connecting rod (904); the lower transmission shaft (901) is fixedly connected to the driving end of the lower reduction motor (201); the lower cam (902) is rotatably connected to a lower eccentric wheel (9022) via an assembled bearing b (9021); the lower eccentric wheel (9022) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the lower transmission shaft (901); the upper end of the third active connecting rod (903) is movably hinged to the bottom end of the lower movable plate (8); the fourth active connecting rod (904) is movably hinged between the third active connecting rod (903) and the lower fixed plate (2); and the front end of the lower cam (902) is movably hinged to the fourth active connecting rod (904).

9. The mold clamping mechanism with stretching function according to claim 8, characterized in that: A third driven link (905) is movably hinged at the bottom end of the lower movable plate (8), a fourth driven link (906) is movably hinged between the third driven link (905) and the lower fixed plate (2), and a lower reinforcement link (907) is movably hinged between the fourth active link (904) and the fourth driven link (906).

10. The mold clamping mechanism with stretching function according to claim 9, characterized in that: A lower auxiliary cylinder (202) is fixedly mounted on the lower fixed plate (2), and the lower auxiliary cylinder (202) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower movable plate (8).

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