A solar-powered seawater desalination system for ships

Abstract

The present application relates to a solar desalination system for ships, which belongs to the technical field of seawater desalination. The solar desalination system for ships includes a mechanical filtration device, a seawater heat exchange device, a reverse osmosis desalination device and a fresh water tank connected in sequence by pipelines. The seawater heat exchange device includes a heat exchange box and a heat exchange pipe arranged in the heat exchange box. The heat exchange pipe includes a plurality of straight pipes and curved pipes. The plurality of straight pipes are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction. The straight pipe at one end of the plurality of straight pipes is used to connect to the exhaust port of the ship's steam turbine, and the straight pipe at the other end is used to exhaust gas. The curved pipe is connected between adjacent straight pipes. A cleaning brush is provided on the straight pipe along its own circumferential sliding, and the cleaning brush abuts against the outer wall of the corresponding straight pipe. A driving assembly for driving the plurality of cleaning brushes to slide synchronously is provided in the heat exchange box. The present application has the advantage of ensuring the heat exchange efficiency of seawater in the seawater heat exchange device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of seawater desalination, and in particular to a solar seawater desalination system for ships. Background Art

[0002] During the voyage of a ship, fresh water is a very scarce resource. In order to ensure an adequate supply of fresh water on board, a seawater desalination system is usually installed on the ship to remove excess salt and minerals from seawater to obtain fresh water.

[0003] In the related art, a Chinese patent document with publication number CN204550246U discloses a seawater desalination system for ships, including a mechanical filtering device, a seawater heat exchange device and a reverse osmosis desalination device connected in sequence by pipelines, the seawater heat exchange device is a container with a hollow sandwich structure, a temperature sensor is arranged in the container, an air intake pipe is arranged on the hollow sandwich, the air intake pipe is connected to the exhaust port of the ship's steam turbine, the reverse osmosis component is connected to a fresh water tank, and the seawater heat exchange device and the reverse osmosis desalination device are both connected to a solar cell module. When in use, seawater is first introduced into the mechanical filtering device, and then enters the seawater heat exchange device after mechanical filtration. Part of the steam source at the exhaust port of the ship's steam turbine reaches the hollow sandwich through the air intake pipe, and the steam source in the hollow sandwich performs heat exchange with the seawater in the container to increase the temperature of the seawater. The heated seawater is desalinated by the reverse osmosis desalination device and finally stored in the fresh water tank for use.

[0004] Regarding the above-mentioned related technologies, since seawater contains abundant dissolved salts, minerals and trace elements, the outer wall of the hollow interlayer in contact with seawater is prone to scaling during long-term use, resulting in reduced heat exchange efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to help ensure the heat exchange efficiency of seawater in a seawater heat exchange device, the present application provides a solar seawater desalination system for ships.

[0006] The solar desalination system for ships provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A solar seawater desalination system for ships comprises a mechanical filtering device, a seawater heat exchange device, a reverse osmosis desalination device and a fresh water tank connected in sequence by pipelines, the seawater heat exchange device comprises a heat exchange box and a heat exchange tube arranged in the heat exchange box, the heat exchange tube comprises a plurality of straight tubes and curved tubes, the plurality of straight tubes are arranged at intervals in a horizontal direction, the straight tube at one end of the plurality of straight tubes is used to connect to the exhaust port of a ship's steam turbine, and the straight tube at the other end is used to exhaust gas, the curved tube is connected between adjacent straight tubes, a cleaning brush is provided on the straight tube for sliding along its own circumferential direction, the cleaning brush abuts against the outer wall of the corresponding straight tube, and a driving component for driving the plurality of cleaning brushes to slide synchronously is provided in the heat exchange box.

[0008] Preferably, a fixed rod is provided in the heat exchange box, the fixed rod is located above the heat exchange tube, and a rotating plate is rotatably connected to the fixed rod, the rotating axis of the rotating plate is parallel to the length direction of the straight tube, the rotating plate is located on the side of the heat exchange tube away from the inlet and outlet air, the distance from the end of the rotating plate away from the fixed rod to the axis of the fixed rod is greater than the distance from any straight tube to the axis of the fixed rod, and a dirt collection frame is provided at the end of the rotating plate away from the fixed rod, the dirt collection frame has an opening for dirt to enter, a filter membrane is provided on the outer wall of the dirt collection frame, and an opening and closing component for opening and closing the opening is provided on the dirt collection frame, the bottom wall of the heat exchange box has an arc surface, the arc surface of the bottom wall of the heat exchange box is concentrically arranged with the fixed rod, the dirt collection frame is used to abut against the arc surface of the bottom wall of the heat exchange box, and the driving component is used to drive the rotating plate to rotate and drive multiple cleaning brushes to slide synchronously.

[0009] Preferably, the opening and closing assembly includes an opening and closing plate slidably arranged on the side of the dirt collection frame close to the opening, a spring arranged on the rotating plate and an adsorption member arranged on the fixed rod, the sliding direction of the opening and closing plate is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotating plate, the spring is used to push the opening and closing plate to slide in the direction close to the opening, and the adsorption member is used to make the dirt collection frame abut against the arc surface of the bottom wall of the heat exchange box so that the adsorption opening and closing plate slides in the direction away from the opening.

[0010] Preferably, the adsorption component includes a first magnet arranged on a fixed rod and a second magnet arranged on an opening and closing plate, the first magnet is arc-shaped and the central angle of the first magnet is equal to that of the arc surface of the bottom wall of the heat exchange box, the first magnet is used to adsorb the second magnet to slide in a direction away from the opening, the adsorption force between the first magnet and the second magnet is greater than the sum of the elastic force of the spring and the gravity of the opening and closing plate, when the dirt collection frame abuts against the arc surface of the bottom wall of the heat exchange box, the first magnet is aligned with the second magnet; when the first magnet is misaligned with the second magnet, the opening and closing plate closes the opening.

[0011] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a reduction motor and a transmission member arranged on the rotating plate, the reduction motor is used to drive the rotating plate to rotate, and the transmission member is used to drive the multiple cleaning brushes to slide synchronously when the rotating plate rotates.

[0012] Preferably, a rotating shaft is provided on the rotating plate, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed rod. The transmission member includes a first sprocket coaxially connected to the rotating shaft and a second sprocket rotatably sleeved on the straight tube. The cleaning brush is connected to the second sprocket on the corresponding straight tube, and a chain is transmission-connected between the first sprocket and multiple second sprockets.

[0013] Preferably, the seawater desalination system further comprises a solar cell assembly, and the reduction motor is electrically connected to the solar cell assembly.

[0014] Preferably, a collecting chamber is provided in the rotating plate, and the collecting chamber is connected to the interior of the dirt collecting frame. A sealing plate for opening and closing the collecting chamber is rotatably arranged in the collecting chamber, and the rotating axis of the sealing plate is perpendicular to the length direction of the rotating plate. The end of the sealing plate away from its own rotating axis is inclined toward the direction close to the fixed rod. An elastic member for driving the sealing plate to rotate toward the direction close to the dirt collecting frame is arranged in the collecting chamber, and a side of the dirt collecting frame close to the fixed rod is an inclined surface, and the distance from the inclined surface to the axis of the fixed rod gradually decreases toward the direction close to the rotating plate.

[0015] Preferably, the sealing plate is provided with a rotating rod, and the rotating rod is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the collecting chamber. The elastic member includes a torsion spring for driving the sealing plate to rotate toward a direction close to the dirt collection frame. The torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating rod, and one end of the torsion spring is arranged on the inner wall of the collecting chamber, and the other end is arranged on the sealing plate.

[0016] Preferably, when the torsion spring is in a natural state, one end of the blocking plate away from the rotating rod abuts against the inner wall of the collecting chamber.

[0017] In summary, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0018] During the long-term use of the seawater heat exchange device, the driving assembly drives multiple cleaning brushes to slide synchronously along the circumference of the corresponding straight tube, so that the cleaning brushes brush the outer wall of the corresponding straight tube, thereby brushing off the dirt on the surface of the straight tube, which helps to ensure the heat exchange efficiency of seawater in the seawater heat exchange device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the seawater heat exchange device in the embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of part A.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a partial structural cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of part B.

[0024] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. mechanical filtering device; 2. seawater heat exchange device; 21. heat exchange box; 22. heat exchange tube; 221. straight tube; 222. bent tube; 3. reverse osmosis desalination device; 4. fresh water tank; 5. cleaning brush; 6. fixing rod; 7. rotating plate; 8. dirt collection frame; 9. opening; 10. arc surface; 11. opening and closing plate; 12. spring; 13. adsorption part; 131. first magnet; 132. second magnet; 14. reduction motor; 15. first sprocket; 16. second sprocket; 17. chain; 18. collecting chamber; 19. blocking plate; 20. rotating rod; 23. torsion spring; 24. pillar; 25. air inlet pipe; 26. air outlet pipe; 27. mounting ring; 28. rotating shaft; 29. ​​fixing ring; 30. connecting rod; 31. connecting piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following combination Figure 1-Figure 5 This application is described in further detail.

[0026] The present application embodiment discloses a solar seawater desalination system for ships. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The solar desalination system for ships includes a mechanical filtration device 1, a seawater heat exchange device 2, a reverse osmosis desalination device 3 and a fresh water tank 4 which are sequentially connected by pipelines, wherein the seawater heat exchange device 2 includes a heat exchange box 21 and a heat exchange tube 22, and a support 24 is fixed to the bottom of the heat exchange box 21 to facilitate supporting the heat exchange box 21; the cross section of the heat exchange box 21 is rectangular, and one end of the heat exchange box 21 in the length direction is connected to the mechanical filtration device 1 through a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the reverse osmosis desalination device 3 through a pipeline. Among them, the mechanical filtration device 1 and the reverse osmosis desalination device 3 are both prior arts and will not be described in detail here. The seawater desalination system of the present application is suitable for being set up on ocean-going ships.

[0027] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The heat exchange box 21 is fixedly provided with an air inlet pipe 25 for connecting to the exhaust port of the steam turbine of the ship, and a side of the heat exchange box 21 close to the air inlet pipe 25 is fixedly provided with an air outlet pipe 26 for exhausting gas, and the length directions of the air inlet pipe 25 and the air outlet pipe 26 are both perpendicular to the length direction of the heat exchange box 21; the heat exchange pipe 22 is fixedly installed in the heat exchange box 21, and one end of the heat exchange pipe 22 is connected to the air inlet pipe 25, and the other end is connected to the air outlet pipe 26. Specifically, the heat exchange pipe 22 includes a plurality of straight pipes 221 and curved pipes 222, and the plurality of straight pipes 221 are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction, and the arrangement direction of the plurality of straight pipes 221 is parallel to the length direction of the heat exchange box 21, and the straight pipe 221 at one end of the plurality of straight pipes 221 is connected to the air inlet pipe 25, and the straight pipe 221 at the other end is connected to the air outlet pipe 26, and the curved pipe 222 is connected between adjacent straight pipes 221.

[0028] Reference Figure 2 In order to facilitate cleaning of dirt on the straight pipe 221, the end of each straight pipe 221 away from the air inlet pipe 25 is coaxially rotatably sleeved with a mounting ring 27, and a cleaning brush 5 is fixedly connected to the mounting ring 27. The cleaning brush 5 extends along the length direction of the straight pipe 221, and the cleaning brush 5 abuts against the outer wall of the corresponding straight pipe 221. When the mounting ring 27 rotates, it drives the cleaning brush 5 to slide along the circumferential direction of the corresponding straight pipe 221. A driving component for driving multiple cleaning brushes 5 to slide synchronously is provided in the heat exchange box 21.

[0029] When in use, seawater is first introduced into the mechanical filter device 1 through the pump body, and the seawater enters the heat exchange box 21 after being roughly filtered through the mechanical filter device 1. Part of the steam source at the exhaust port of the ship's steam turbine enters the heat exchange tube 22 through the air inlet pipe 25, and then is discharged from the air outlet pipe 26 through a plurality of straight pipes 221 and curved pipes 222 of the heat exchange tube 22 for centralized treatment. The steam source in the heat exchange tube 22 exchanges heat with the seawater in the heat exchange box 21, so that the seawater temperature is increased, and the seawater temperature is increased to a state with the highest reverse osmosis desalination efficiency. The heated seawater is desalinated by the reverse osmosis desalination device 3 and finally stored in the fresh water tank 4 for use. During long-term use, the multiple mounting rings 27 are driven to rotate synchronously by the driving assembly at regular intervals, so that the multiple cleaning brushes 5 slide synchronously along the circumference of the corresponding straight tubes 221. The cleaning brushes 5 slide and brush the surface of the straight tubes 221, so as to brush off the dirt on the surface of the straight tubes 221, thereby helping to ensure the heat exchange efficiency of the seawater in the seawater heat exchange device, and there is no need to open the heat exchange box 21 for processing, so as to ensure the seawater desalination efficiency.

[0030] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 A fixing rod 6 is fixedly arranged on one side of the heat exchange box 21 close to the air inlet pipe 25. The fixing rod 6 is located above the heat exchange pipe 22. The length direction of the fixing rod 6 is parallel to the length direction of the straight pipe 221, and the fixing rod 6 is located in the middle of the heat exchange pipe 22. A rotating shaft 28 is rotatably penetrated at one end of the fixing rod 6 away from the air inlet pipe 25. The rotating shaft 28 is rotatably connected to the side of the heat exchange box 21 away from the air inlet pipe 25. A rotating plate 7 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 28 to realize the rotatable connection between the rotating plate 7 and the fixing rod 6. The rotation axis of the rotating shaft 28 and the rotating plate 7 is parallel to the length direction of the straight pipe 221. The rotating plate 7 is located at the middle of the heat exchange pipe 22. On the side of the heat exchange tube 22 away from the air inlet pipe 25 and the air outlet pipe 26, the rotating plate 7 can rotate 360° and is not easy to interfere with the heat exchange tube 22; the length direction of the rotating plate 7 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotating plate 7, and the distance from the end of the rotating plate 7 away from the fixed rod 6 to the axis of the fixed rod 6 is greater than the distance from any straight pipe 221 to the axis of the fixed rod 6. The end of the rotating plate 7 away from the fixed rod 6 is fixedly connected with a dirt collection frame 8, and the length direction of the dirt collection frame 8 is parallel to the length direction of the straight pipe 221. During the rotation of the rotating plate 7, the dirt collection frame 8 will not interfere with the heat exchange tube 22.

[0031] Reference Figure 2 The dirt collecting frame 8 is provided with an opening 9 for dirt to enter on one side of its own rotation direction, and an opening and closing component for opening and closing the opening 9 is provided on the dirt collecting frame 8. A filter membrane (not shown in the figure) is provided on the outer wall of the dirt collecting frame 8, which can ensure that the dirt will not be removed from the dirt collecting frame 8 after entering the dirt collecting frame 8, while water can pass through the filter membrane; the bottom wall of the heat exchange box 21 has an arc surface 10, and the arc surface 10 of the bottom wall of the heat exchange box 21 is concentrically arranged with the fixing rod 6, and the dirt collecting frame 8 is used to abut against the arc surface 10 of the bottom wall of the heat exchange box 21, and the driving component is used to drive the rotating plate 7 to rotate and drive the multiple cleaning brushes 5 to slide synchronously.

[0032] During long-term use, the driving assembly is used to regularly drive the rotating plate 7 to drive the dirt collecting frame 8 to rotate toward the side close to the opening 9 and drive multiple cleaning brushes 5 to slide synchronously, so that the cleaning brush 5 cleans the straight pipe 221. During the rotation of the rotating plate 7, the dirt collecting frame 8 is located at the front end of the side away from the opening 9 in the rotation direction of the rotating plate 7. When the dirt collecting frame 8 rotates to abut the arc surface 10 of the bottom wall of the heat exchange box 21, the opening 9 is opened by the opening and closing assembly. The dirt collecting frame 8 can not only scrape off the dirt on the arc surface 10 of the bottom wall of the heat exchange box 21, but also collect the dirt scraped from the straight pipe 221 and deposited on the bottom of the heat exchange box 21. As the rotating plate 7 continues to rotate, the dirt collecting frame 8 is separated from the arc surface 10 of the bottom wall of the heat exchange box 21, and the opening 9 is closed by the opening and closing assembly, so that the dirt is not easy to enter the seawater in the heat exchange box 21. On the one hand, the damage to the bottom of the heat exchange box 21 by the dirt is reduced, and on the other hand, the dirt will not be in the seawater for a long time, thereby ensuring the water quality of the seawater to a certain extent.

[0033] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 In order to drive the rotating plate 7 to rotate and drive the multiple cleaning brushes 5 to slide synchronously, the driving assembly includes a reduction motor 14 and a transmission member. The reduction motor 14 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the heat exchange box 21. The rotating shaft 28 of the rotating plate 7 is coaxially fixed with the output shaft of the reduction motor 14. The reduction motor 14 is used to drive the rotating plate 7 to rotate; the transmission member is arranged on the rotating plate 7, and the transmission member is used to drive the multiple cleaning brushes 5 to slide synchronously when the rotating plate 7 rotates.

[0034] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3In order to facilitate the synchronous sliding of multiple cleaning brushes 5 when the rotating plate 7 rotates, the transmission member includes a first sprocket 15 and a second sprocket 16. The first sprocket 15 is rotatably sleeved on the fixed rod 6. A fixed ring 29 is fixedly sleeved on one end of the rotating shaft 28 close to the fixed rod 6. The fixed ring 29 and the first sprocket 15 are fixedly connected by multiple connecting rods 30, so that the first sprocket 15 and the fixed ring 29 are coaxially arranged, and the first sprocket 15 and the rotating shaft 28 are coaxially arranged; the second sprocket 16 is fixedly sleeved on the mounting ring 27, and the cleaning brush 5 is connected to the corresponding second sprocket 16 through the mounting ring 27. The first sprocket 15 and the multiple second sprockets 16 are transmission-connected by a chain 17.

[0035] When the reduction motor 14 drives the rotating shaft 28 on the rotating plate 7 to rotate, the rotating shaft 28 drives the first sprocket 15 to rotate through the fixing ring 29 and the connecting rod 30, and the first sprocket 15 drives multiple second sprockets 16 to rotate synchronously through the transmission of the chain 17, so that the mounting ring 27 drives the corresponding cleaning brush 5 to slide, so that the cleaning brush 5 can clean the straight pipe 221, reduce the dirt deposited on the straight pipe 221, and ensure the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange tube 22.

[0036] Reference Figure 2 The seawater desalination system also includes a solar cell assembly (not shown in the figure), which specifically includes a photovoltaic panel and a battery. The photovoltaic panel is electrically connected to the battery, and the battery is electrically connected to the reduction motor 14, so that solar energy can be used for power supply, which helps to reduce energy consumption.

[0037] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 In order to facilitate opening and closing the opening 9 as needed, the opening and closing assembly includes an opening and closing plate 11, a spring 12 and an adsorbent 13. The opening and closing plate 11 is slidably connected to a side of the dirt collecting frame 8 close to the opening 9. The sliding direction of the opening and closing plate 11 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotating plate 7. The opening and closing plate 11 slides in a direction close to or away from the opening 9. The opening and closing plate 11 and the dirt collecting frame 8 are slidably matched through a slide rail (not shown in the figure); a connecting piece 31 is fixed on the side of the opening and closing plate 11 close to the rotating plate 7. The connecting piece 31 is slidably connected to the surface of the rotating plate 7. The spring 12 and the adsorbent 13 are fixed to the side of the opening and closing plate 11 close to the rotating plate 7. 2 is located on the side of the connecting piece 31 away from the opening and closing plate 11, the extension direction of the spring 12 is parallel to the sliding direction of the opening and closing plate 11, one end of the spring 12 is fixed on the rotating plate 7, and the other end is fixed on the side of the connecting piece 31 away from the opening and closing plate 11, the spring 12 is used to push the connecting piece 31 and the opening and closing plate 11 to slide in the direction close to the opening 9, the adsorbent 13 is arranged on the fixing rod 6, and the adsorbent 13 is used to make the dirt collecting frame 8 abut against the arc surface 10 of the bottom wall of the heat exchange box 21, so that the opening and closing plate 11 is adsorbed and slides in the direction away from the opening 9.

[0038] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3In order to facilitate the dirt collection frame 8 to slide the adsorption opening and closing plate 11 in the direction away from the opening 9 when the arc surface 10 of the bottom wall of the heat exchange box 21 abuts, the adsorption member 13 includes a first magnet 131 and a second magnet 132. The first magnet 131 is arc-shaped and is embedded in the fixing rod 6. The first magnet 131 and the arc surface 10 of the bottom wall of the heat exchange box 21 have the same central angle. The first magnet 131 is located on the side of the fixing rod 6 close to the bottom wall of the heat exchange box 21; the second magnet 132 is fixedly connected to The first magnet 131 is used to attract the second magnet 132 on the side of the connecting piece 31 close to the fixing rod 6 to slide in the direction away from the opening 9. The adsorption force between the first magnet 131 and the second magnet 132 is greater than the sum of the elastic force of the spring 12, the gravity of the opening and closing plate 11 and the gravity of the connecting piece 31. The side of the second magnet 132 close to the first magnet 131 is an arc surface, which is convex in the direction close to the first magnet 131, so as to achieve the adsorption and cooperation between the first magnet 131 and the second magnet 132. When the dirt collection frame 8 is in contact with the arc surface 10 of the bottom wall of the heat exchange box 21, the first magnet 131 is aligned with the second magnet 132; when the first magnet 131 and the second magnet 132 are misaligned, the opening and closing plate 11 closes the opening 9 and the spring 12 is in a natural state.

[0039] When the dirt collecting frame 8 abuts against the arc surface 10 of the bottom wall of the heat exchange box 21, the second magnet 132 is aligned with the first magnet 131. At this time, the first magnet 131 will attract the second magnet 132 to drive the connecting piece 31 and the opening and closing plate 11 to move in the direction away from the opening 9, compressing the spring 12, so that the opening and closing plate 11 opens the opening 9, so that the dirt at the bottom of the heat exchange box 21 can enter the dirt collecting frame 8 through the opening 9; when the rotating plate 7 drives the second magnet 132 to move to be misaligned with the first magnet 131, the compressed spring 12 pushes the connecting piece 31 and the opening and closing plate 11 to move in the direction close to the opening 9, so that the opening and closing plate 11 closes the opening 9, making it difficult for the dirt in the dirt collecting frame 8 to fall out.

[0040] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 A collecting chamber 18 is provided in the rotating plate 7, and the collecting chamber 18 is communicated with the interior of the dirt collecting frame 8. A sealing plate 19 for opening and closing the collecting chamber 18 is rotatably provided in the collecting chamber 18, and the rotation axis of the sealing plate 19 is perpendicular to the length direction of the rotating plate 7. A rotating rod 20 is fixedly penetrated through the sealing plate 19, and the rotating rod 20 is rotatably provided on the inner wall of the collecting chamber 18. One end of the sealing plate 19 away from the rotating rod 20 is inclined toward the direction close to the fixed rod 6. An elastic member for driving the sealing plate 19 to rotate toward the direction close to the dirt collecting frame 8 is provided in the collecting chamber 18, and a side of the dirt collecting frame 8 close to the fixed rod 6 is an inclined surface, and the distance from the inclined surface to the axis of the fixed rod 6 gradually decreases toward the direction close to the rotating plate 7.

[0041] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 In order to facilitate the blocking plate 19 to rotate toward the direction close to the dirt collection frame 8, the elastic member includes a torsion spring 23 movably mounted on the rotating rod 20, one end of the torsion spring 23 is fixed to the inner wall of the collection chamber 18, and the other end is fixed to the blocking plate 19. When the torsion spring 23 is in a natural state, the end of the blocking plate 19 away from the rotating rod 20 abuts against the inner wall of the collection chamber 18, and the end of the blocking plate 19 away from the rotating rod 20 is inclined in the direction away from the dirt collection frame 8. The fixed rod 6 is located above the liquid level in the heat exchange box 21, and the distance from the rotating rod 20 to the axis of the fixed rod 6 is less than the vertical distance from the liquid level in the heat exchange box 21 to the axis of the fixed rod 6, so that water is not easy to enter the collection chamber 18.

[0042] When the rotating plate 7 rotates to be located above the heat exchange tube 22 and is in a vertical state, the dirt in the dirt collecting frame 8 moves along the inclined surface toward the collecting chamber 18 under the action of gravity, and then abuts the sealing plate 19 under the action of gravity and rotates toward the direction close to the fixing rod 6, so that the sealing plate 19 opens the collecting chamber 18, and then the dirt falls into the collecting chamber 18, and then the sealing plate 19 rotates toward the direction close to the dirt collecting frame 8 under the action of the torsion spring 23 to close the collecting chamber 18, thereby realizing further collection of dirt and further ensuring that the dirt will no longer enter the seawater in the heat exchange box 21, thereby ensuring the quality of seawater.

[0043] The implementation principle of the embodiment of the present application is as follows: when in use, seawater is first introduced into the mechanical filter device 1 through the pump body, and the seawater enters the heat exchange box 21 after being coarsely filtered through the mechanical filter device 1. Part of the steam source at the exhaust port of the ship's steam turbine enters the heat exchange tube 22 through the air inlet pipe 25, and then is discharged from the air outlet pipe 26 through multiple straight pipes 221 and curved pipes 222 of the heat exchange tube 22 for centralized treatment. The steam source in the heat exchange tube 22 exchanges heat with the seawater in the heat exchange box 21 to increase the seawater temperature, and raise the seawater temperature to a state with the highest reverse osmosis desalination efficiency. The heated seawater is desalinated through the reverse osmosis desalination device 3, and finally stored in the fresh water tank 4 for use.

[0044] During long-term use, the reduction motor 14 is started regularly, and the reduction motor 14 drives the rotating shaft 28 to drive the rotating plate 7 to rotate. The rotating shaft 28 drives the first sprocket 15 to rotate through the fixing ring 29 and the connecting rod 30. The first sprocket 15 drives multiple second sprockets 16 to rotate synchronously through the transmission of the chain 17, so that the mounting ring 27 drives the corresponding cleaning brush 5 to slide, and the cleaning brush 5 slides along the circumferential direction of the corresponding straight pipe 221 to clean the surface of the straight pipe 221, thereby reducing the dirt deposited on the outer wall of the straight pipe 221, ensuring the heat exchange efficiency of the seawater in the heat exchange box 21, and there is no need to open the heat exchange box 21 for processing, so as to ensure the seawater desalination efficiency.

[0045] At the same time, the rotation of the rotating plate 7 will drive the dirt collecting frame 8 to rotate toward the side close to the opening 9. When the dirt collecting frame 8 abuts against the arc surface 10 of the bottom wall of the heat exchange box 21, the second magnet 132 is aligned with the first magnet 131. At this time, the first magnet 131 will attract the second magnet 132 to drive the connecting piece 31 and the opening and closing plate 11 to move in the direction away from the opening 9. The opening and closing plate 11 opens the opening 9, and the dirt collecting frame 8 slides against the arc surface 10 of the bottom wall of the heat exchange box 21, which can not only scrape off the dirt on the arc surface 10 of the bottom of the heat exchange box 21, but also collect the dirt scraped from the straight pipe 221 in the dirt collecting frame 8. As the rotating plate 7 continues to rotate, the dirt collecting frame 8 disengages from the arc surface 10 of the bottom wall of the heat exchange box 21, causing the second magnet 132 to move to be misaligned with the first magnet 131. Then the compressed spring 12 pushes the connecting piece 31 and the opening and closing plate 11 to move in the direction close to the opening 9, so that the opening and closing plate 11 closes the opening 9.

[0046] Then, when the rotating plate 7 rotates to be located above the heat exchange tube 22 and is in a vertical state, the dirt in the dirt collecting frame 8 moves along the inclined surface toward the collecting chamber 18 under the action of gravity, and then abuts the sealing plate 19 under the action of gravity and rotates toward the fixed rod 6 to open the collecting chamber 18, and then the dirt falls into the collecting chamber 18, and then the sealing plate 19 rotates toward the dirt collecting frame 8 under the action of the torsion spring 23 to close the collecting chamber 18, thereby realizing further collection of the dirt; in this reciprocating manner, the rotating plate 7 rotates multiple times as needed and stays above the liquid level in the heat exchange box 21 to reduce the impact on the seawater quality.

[0047] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A solar seawater desalination system for ships, comprising a mechanical filtration device (1), a seawater heat exchange device (2), a reverse osmosis desalination device (3) and a fresh water tank (4) connected in sequence by pipelines, characterized in that: The seawater heat exchange device (2) comprises a heat exchange box (21) and a heat exchange tube (22) arranged in the heat exchange box (21); the heat exchange tube (22) comprises a plurality of straight tubes (221) and bent tubes (222); the plurality of straight tubes (221) are arranged at intervals in a horizontal direction; the straight tube (221) at one end of the plurality of straight tubes (221) is used to connect to the exhaust port of a ship's steam turbine, and the straight tube (221) at the other end is used to discharge gas; the bent tube (222) is connected between adjacent straight tubes (221); a cleaning brush (5) is provided on the straight tube (221) so as to slide along its circumferential direction; the cleaning brush (5) abuts against the outer wall of the corresponding straight tube (221); The heat exchange box (21) is provided with a driving assembly for driving a plurality of cleaning brushes (5) to slide synchronously. The heat exchange box (21) is provided with a fixed rod (6). The fixed rod (6) is located above the heat exchange tube (22). A rotating plate (7) is rotatably connected to the fixed rod (6). The rotating axis of the rotating plate (7) is parallel to the length direction of the straight tube (221). The rotating plate (7) is located on the side of the heat exchange tube (22) away from the inlet and outlet air. The distance from one end of the rotating plate (7) away from the fixed rod (6) to the axis of the fixed rod (6) is greater than the distance from any one of the straight tubes (221) to the axis of the fixed rod (6). The end of the rotating plate (7) away from the fixed rod (6) is provided with a A dirt collection frame (8) is provided, the dirt collection frame (8) is provided with an opening (9) for dirt to enter, the outer wall of the dirt collection frame (8) is provided with a filter membrane, the dirt collection frame (8) is provided with an opening and closing component for opening and closing the opening (9), the bottom wall of the heat exchange box (21) has an arc surface (10), the arc surface (10) of the bottom wall of the heat exchange box (21) is concentrically arranged with the fixing rod (6), the dirt collection frame (8) is used to abut against the arc surface (10) of the bottom wall of the heat exchange box (21), the driving component is used to drive the rotating plate (7) to rotate and drive the plurality of cleaning brushes (5) to slide synchronously, the rotating plate (7) is provided with a collection chamber (18), The collecting chamber (18) is connected to the interior of the dirt collecting frame (8); a blocking plate (19) is rotatably arranged in the collecting chamber (18) for opening and closing the collecting chamber (18); the rotation axis of the blocking plate (19) is perpendicular to the length direction of the rotating plate (7); the end of the blocking plate (19) away from its own rotation axis is inclined toward the direction close to the fixed rod (6); an elastic member is arranged in the collecting chamber (18) for driving the blocking plate (19) to rotate toward the direction close to the dirt collecting frame (8); a surface of the dirt collecting frame (8) close to the fixed rod (6) is an inclined surface, and the distance from the inclined surface to the axis of the fixed rod (6) gradually decreases toward the direction close to the rotating plate (7).

2. A solar seawater desalination system for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening and closing assembly comprises an opening and closing plate (11) slidably arranged on a side of the dirt collection frame (8) close to the opening (9), a spring (12) arranged on the rotating plate (7), and an adsorbent (13) arranged on the fixed rod (6); the sliding direction of the opening and closing plate (11) is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotating plate (7); the spring (12) is used to push the opening and closing plate (11) to slide in a direction close to the opening (9); and the adsorbent (13) is used to adsorb the opening and closing plate (11) to slide in a direction away from the opening (9) when the dirt collection frame (8) abuts against the arc surface (10) of the bottom wall of the heat exchange box (21).

3. A solar seawater desalination system for ships according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adsorption member (13) comprises a first magnet (131) arranged on the fixing rod (6) and a second magnet (132) arranged on the opening and closing plate (11); the first magnet (131) is arc-shaped and the central angle of the first magnet (131) and the arc surface (10) of the bottom wall of the heat exchange box (21) are equal; the first magnet (131) is used to adsorb the second magnet (132) to slide in a direction away from the opening (9); the adsorption force between the first magnet (131) and the second magnet (132) is greater than the sum of the elastic force of the spring (12) and the gravity of the opening and closing plate (11); when the dirt collection frame (8) abuts against the arc surface (10) of the bottom wall of the heat exchange box (21), the first magnet (131) and the second magnet (132) are aligned; when the first magnet (131) and the second magnet (132) are misaligned, the opening and closing plate (11) closes the opening (9).

4. A solar seawater desalination system for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises a reduction motor (14) and a transmission member arranged on the rotating plate (7); the reduction motor (14) is used to drive the rotating plate (7) to rotate; and the transmission member is used to drive the plurality of cleaning brushes (5) to slide synchronously when the rotating plate (7) rotates.

5. A solar seawater desalination system for ships according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating plate (7) is provided with a rotating shaft (28), the rotating shaft (28) is rotatably connected to the fixed rod (6), the transmission member comprises a first sprocket (15) coaxially connected to the rotating shaft (28) and a second sprocket (16) rotatably sleeved on the straight tube (221), the cleaning brush (5) is connected to the second sprocket (16) on the corresponding straight tube (221), and a chain (17) is transmission-connected between the first sprocket (15) and the plurality of second sprockets (16).

6. A solar seawater desalination system for ships according to claim 4, characterized in that: The seawater desalination system also includes a solar cell assembly, and the reduction motor (14) is electrically connected to the solar cell assembly.

7. A solar seawater desalination system for ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blocking plate (19) is provided with a rotating rod (20), and the rotating rod (20) is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the collection chamber (18). The elastic member comprises a torsion spring (23) for driving the blocking plate (19) to rotate in a direction close to the dirt collection frame (8). The torsion spring (23) is sleeved on the rotating rod (20), and one end of the torsion spring (23) is arranged on the inner wall of the collection chamber (18), and the other end is arranged on the blocking plate (19).

8. A solar seawater desalination system for ships according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the torsion spring (23) is in a natural state, one end of the blocking plate (19) away from the rotating rod (20) abuts against the inner wall of the collecting chamber (18).

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