A wire feeding type aluminum alloy laser cladding method based on pre-laid reinforcing particles

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on pre-laid reinforcing particle wire-feeding type aluminum alloy laser cladding method, including placing rectangular mould on the surface of aluminum alloy base, adding TiC particle powder, using scraper to remove excess powder;The application utilizes the characteristics of high laser absorption rate of TIC powder, spreads TIC powder on the aluminum alloy base to reduce the reflectivity of aluminum alloy to laser, uses push-pull wire feeding to ensure the consistency and stability of coating during cladding process, reduces bubble generation, combines the good toughness, machinability of aluminum alloy base with the high hardness, high wear resistance of ceramic reinforced phase, and the use of swing laser also helps to break the oxide film on the surface of aluminum alloy, the cladding coating has high performance, ceramic particles are uniformly distributed, the processing method is simple and easy to operate, high-performance aluminum alloy cladding coating is prepared, and the wear resistance of aluminum alloy surface is significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of laser processing technology, specifically relating to a wire-feeding laser cladding method for aluminum alloys based on pre-laid reinforcing particles. Background Technology

[0002] Aluminum and aluminum alloys are the leading non-ferrous metals and the preferred material for lightweighting. Due to their annual production second only to steel, they are one of the most widely used materials. Aluminum alloys have many advantages, such as good plasticity and toughness, high specific strength, low density, easy processing, and low coefficient of thermal expansion. They are widely used in automobiles, ships, aerospace and other fields. Especially in the development of the new era, in order to reduce the weight of automobiles and reduce fuel consumption, the amount of aluminum alloys used in automobile structural components is constantly increasing, thereby achieving energy conservation and emission reduction in automobiles. During use, aluminum alloy parts are subject to external impacts, scratches and corrosion, which often lead to local wear and thus failure of the entire part. Surface modification technology can effectively solve this problem. It can greatly improve the surface hardness, wear resistance, heat resistance and other excellent properties of the strengthened material. At present, the commonly used surface modification technologies at home and abroad mainly include thermal spraying technology (flame spraying, plasma spraying, flame spraying), vapor deposition technology (CVD, PVD), coating technology (electroplating, anodizing, chemical plating), and high-energy beam (laser, electron beam, ion beam) surface modification technology. Among them, thermal spraying technology, vapor deposition technology and coating technology are relatively traditional surface modification technologies, which have certain defects. For example, thermal spraying technology has poor coating adhesion, coating technology has great environmental pollution, and vapor deposition technology produces very thin coatings. These defects make it difficult to apply these traditional surface strengthening technologies to the manufacturing of wear-resistant aluminum alloy parts.

[0003] Laser cladding technology is a type of high-energy beam surface modification technology. It boasts numerous advantages, including high energy utilization, low pollution, metallurgical bonding between the coating and the substrate, and uniform coating structure. It is a promising green manufacturing technology and has been widely applied to the surface modification of steel materials. However, due to the unique physical properties of aluminum alloys, which differ from ferrous metals, laser cladding of high-performance coatings on their surfaces is challenging, resulting in poor cladding quality, particularly poor bonding between the cladding and the substrate and a tendency for cracking.

[0004] The existing technology has two problems. First, it is difficult to prepare high-performance laser cladding coatings. Due to the low laser absorption rate of aluminum alloys, most of the laser energy is reflected by the aluminum alloy surface during the laser cladding process, which is not conducive to the formation of a molten pool. Because aluminum alloys have high electronegativity, they easily react with other metal elements at the bonding interface to form intermetallic compounds. These compounds generally have high hardness but are brittle and are prone to cracking under thermal stress, resulting in a decrease in the quality of the cladding layer. Second, the adhesion of the cladding coating is poor. There is an oxide film on the surface of the aluminum alloy. The melting point of the oxide film is as high as 2054℃. Sometimes the cladding temperature cannot reach its melting point. At this time, the unmelted solid aluminum oxide film will hinder the metallurgical bonding between the molten cladding alloy and the aluminum alloy substrate, resulting in poor adhesion between the cladding layer and the substrate. The melting point of the aluminum alloy itself is low. After high-energy laser irradiation, it is easy to cause a high dilution rate, which damages the properties of the substrate material. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0006] In view of the problems existing in the above and / or prior art, the present invention is proposed.

[0007] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a wire-feeding laser cladding method for aluminum alloys based on pre-laid reinforcing particles.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a wire-feeding laser cladding method for aluminum alloys based on pre-laid reinforcing particles, comprising,

[0009] TiC particle powder is evenly spread on an aluminum alloy substrate plate;

[0010] Fix the aluminum alloy substrate with the spread powder onto the platform and set the laser cladding processing parameters;

[0011] The laser is moved to the starting point of the single-pass laser cladding, and the oxide film on the surface of the aluminum alloy is broken by the swing laser to promote the diffusion of ceramic particles in the molten pool. At the same time, the feeding speed and position of the wire are controlled by push-pull wire feeding. The wire is fed into the molten pool smoothly during the cladding process to ensure the consistency and stability of the coating during the cladding process. Under the action of the laser, the wire and the reinforcing particles melt to form a molten pool.

[0012] It then cools and solidifies, completing the single-pass laser cladding process;

[0013] The laser power is 1400W to 1800W, the laser oscillation speed is set to 200 to 550mm / s, the protective gas parameter is set to 15L / min, the defocusing amount is +5mm, the scanning speed is set to 6mm / s, and the wire feeding speed is 10mm / s.

[0014] The TiC powder has a spreading thickness of 0.1–0.3 mm.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the method described in this invention, the particle size of the TiC powder is 15 μm to 53 μm.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the method described in this invention, the TiC powder is spread to a thickness of 0.2 mm.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the method described in this invention, the wire material comprises solid aluminum alloy wire, which is ER5356 and has a diameter of 1.6 mm.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the method described in this invention, the laser power is 1400-1600W.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the method described in this invention, the laser power is 1600W.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the method described in this invention, the protective gas includes Ar gas.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the method described in this invention, the laser oscillation speed is set to 400–550 mm / s.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the method described in this invention, the laser oscillation speed is set to 300–550 mm / s.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the method described in this invention, the laser oscillation speed is set to 480 mm / s.

[0024] Beneficial effects of this invention:

[0025] (1) This invention ensures the consistency and stability of the coating during the cladding process by using push-pull wire feeding, reducing the generation of bubbles, and using a swing laser to promote the diffusion of ceramic particles in the molten pool. The nonlinear superposition effect of the ceramic reinforcing phase and the aluminum alloy matrix phase in terms of physical properties organically combines the good toughness and machinability of the aluminum alloy matrix with the high hardness and high wear resistance of the ceramic reinforcing phase. The cladding coating has high performance, the ceramic particles are evenly distributed, and the wear resistance of the aluminum alloy surface is significantly improved.

[0026] (2) This invention utilizes the high laser absorption rate of TiC powder to spread TiC powder on an aluminum alloy substrate to reduce the reflectivity of the aluminum alloy to the laser. At the same time, the use of the oscillating laser also helps to break the oxide film on the surface of the aluminum alloy, reducing the generation of defects. The ceramic particles partially dissolve in the molten pool, enhancing the metallurgical bond between the cladding coating and the substrate, improving the bonding of the cladding coating, and finally obtaining a cladding coating with good bonding, thereby solving the problem of the difficulty of laser cladding high-performance coatings. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an experiment in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the swinging laser trajectory in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of metallographic images in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the coating hardness in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of coating wear in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the friction and wear SEM image in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the examples in the specification.

[0035] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0036] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0037] Working principle of the invention:

[0038] This invention relates to a method for laser cladding of aluminum alloys based on reinforced particle powder spreading and wire feeding. First, a rectangular mold is placed on the surface of an aluminum alloy substrate. TiC particle powder is added and leveled to make it evenly spread. Then, the mold is removed to achieve the initial spreading of reinforced particles. Next, the aluminum alloy substrate with the spread powder is fixed on a special metal platform using a clamp. Laser parameters of the laser cladding machine, including laser power, swing speed, protective gas parameters, defocusing amount, scanning speed, wire feeding speed, etc., as well as robot movement speed, are set. The start and end points of the single-pass additive manufacturing are determined and the program is compiled.

[0039] Then, the laser is moved to the starting point of the single pass, and the feeding speed and position of the wire are controlled by pushing and pulling the wire feeder to ensure that the wire is fed into the molten pool smoothly. Under the action of the laser, the wire and the reinforcing particles melt to form a molten pool and then cool and solidify, completing the single pass forming. At this point, the entire workflow is over.

[0040] In this embodiment of the invention, the hardness of the coating cross-section was tested using a Vickers hardness tester.

[0041] The microhardness of the cladding layer was measured using an HV-1000 Vickers hardness tester. The surface of the test sample was ground smooth using a metallographic grinding machine and then polished on a polishing machine. The hardness tester was applied with a load of 500g and held for 15s. During the test, hard TiC ceramic particles were avoided to ensure that the indentation was applied entirely to the composite matrix. The indentation was a regular rhombus shape, and a test was performed at 0.1mm intervals. The same location was measured three times, and the average value was taken as the final measurement.

[0042] The friction and wear properties of the samples were tested using a UMT-3 testing machine. The composite material was subjected to friction and wear in a ball-disc reciprocating mode, and GCr15 was used as the grinding ball material. The sample surfaces were ground and polished to ensure that all sample surfaces maintained the same roughness. The mass of the sample before wear was tested by setting the load of the friction and wear testing machine to 3N, the friction rate to 10mm / s, and the test time to 60min. After the test, the mass of the sample after the test was measured to obtain the wear mass of the sample.

[0043] See the schematic diagram of the method of this invention. Figure 1 Specifically:

[0044] (1) Place the rectangular mold on the surface of the 6061-T6 aluminum alloy substrate, add TiC particle powder, scrape off the excess powder with a scraper, so that the TiC particle powder is evenly spread on the aluminum alloy substrate, and remove the mold.

[0045] (2) Use a clamp to fix the aluminum alloy substrate with the powder spread on a special metal platform, set the laser parameters of the laser cladding machine, the laser power is 1400W, 1600W and 1800W respectively, the laser swing speed is set to 480mm / s, the protective gas parameter is set to 15L / min, the defocusing amount is +5, the scanning speed is set to 6mm / s, the wire feeding speed is 10mm / s, and the wire material is ER5356 solid wire.

[0046] (3) Set the robot's moving speed, determine the starting point and ending point of the single-pass additive manufacturing process, compile the robot program, move the laser head to the vicinity of the starting point of the single-pass laser cladding, start the robot program, move the laser to the starting point of the single-pass laser cladding, feed the wire material from the wire feeder, and drive the laser to move in a straight line from the set starting point to the ending point. Under the action of the laser, the wire material and the reinforcing particles melt to form a molten pool, which is then cooled and solidified. The TiC residual particles are evenly distributed in the aluminum alloy cladding coating, completing the single-pass forming of the laser cladding process.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] A method for laser cladding of aluminum alloys based on reinforced particle powder feeding includes the following steps:

[0049] (1) Place a rectangular mold on the surface of an aluminum alloy substrate, add TiC granules and powder, scrape off the excess powder with a scraper, so that the TiC granules and powder are evenly spread on the aluminum alloy substrate, and then remove the mold. The particle size of the added TiC granules and powder is 15μm~53μm, and the TiC powder spreading thickness is 0.2mm.

[0050] (2) Use a fixture to fix the aluminum alloy substrate with the powder already spread on a special metal platform. First, set the laser parameters of the laser cladding machine, then set the robot's moving speed, determine the start and end points of the single-pass additive manufacturing process, program the robot, move the laser head to the vicinity of the start point of the single-pass laser cladding, and start the robot program.

[0051] The laser parameters of the laser cladding machine are as follows: laser power is set to 1600W, laser oscillation speed is set to 480mm / s, protective gas parameter is set to 15L / min, defocusing amount is set to +5mm, scanning speed is set to 6mm / s, and wire feeding speed is set to 10mm / s.

[0052] See the schematic diagram of the swinging laser trajectory. Figure 2 .

[0053] (3) Move the laser to the starting point of the single-pass laser cladding, and use push-pull wire feeding to control the feeding speed and position of the wire to ensure that the wire is smoothly fed into the molten pool during the cladding process, ensuring the consistency and stability of the coating during the cladding process. The wire feeder feeds out the wire, and the robot drives the laser to move in a straight line from the set starting point to the end point. Under the action of the laser, the wire and the reinforcing particles melt to form a molten pool, which is then cooled and solidified to complete the single-pass forming of the laser cladding process. The wire of the laser cladding machine is made of solid aluminum alloy wire.

[0054] (4) After the experiment, a section of the cross-section was cut to prepare a metallographic sample. The coating forming quality and the uniformity of the internal reinforcing particle distribution were observed using a metallographic microscope.

[0055] An aluminum alloy substrate and TiC particles are metallurgically bonded to form a fusion layer. The hardness of the coating cross section is then tested. The hardness of the coating and the aluminum alloy substrate in this experiment are tested separately. Then the wear resistance of the aluminum alloy surface is tested, and the surface is observed using SEM electron microscopy.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] Under the conditions of Example 1, the laser parameters of the laser cladding machine are different, while other conditions are the same as in Example 1, as follows:

[0058] The laser parameters for the laser cladding machine are as follows: laser power is set to 1400W, laser oscillation speed is set to 480mm / s, protective gas parameter is set to 15L / min, defocusing amount is set to +5mm, scanning speed is set to 6mm / s, and wire feeding speed is set to 10mm / s.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] Under the conditions of Example 1, the laser parameters of the laser cladding machine are different, while other conditions are the same as in Example 1, as follows:

[0061] The laser parameters for the laser cladding machine are as follows: laser power is set to 1800W, laser oscillation speed is set to 480mm / s, protective gas parameter is set to 15L / min, defocusing amount is set to +5mm, scanning speed is set to 6mm / s, and wire feeding speed is set to 10mm / s.

[0062] Please provide the test results of the coating performance of Examples 1 to 3.

[0063] Table 1

[0064] Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 hardness 141.5HV 130.4HV 134.7HV Wear 0.55mg 0.73mg 0.67mg

[0065] See the image of the cladding coating observed under an optical microscope. Figure 3As can be seen, the cross-section of the cladding layer was polished and observed with an optical microscope. It can be seen that the bottom of the cladding layer forms a good metallurgical bond with the substrate, and residual TiC particles are distributed. Since the TiC particles are relatively light, most of them float on the surface of the molten pool during laser cladding.

[0066] The sample hardness images were obtained by measuring the hardness of the substrate and coating using a Vickers hardness tester. (See attached image.) Figure 4 It can be concluded that the hardness of the cladding layer is higher than that of the substrate, and the hardness of the cladding layer is highest at 1600W; see the schematic diagram comparing the wear of the cladding layer and the substrate. Figure 5 It can be seen that the wear of the sample at 1600W is the smallest, but whether it is 1400W or 1800W, the wear is much smaller than that of the substrate.

[0067] The surface morphology of the sample after the friction and wear test was observed under an electron microscope: The surface of the sample after the wear test was obtained by scanning electron microscopy. Figure 6 It can be seen that the sample at 1600W has relatively shallow surface scratches and a lower degree of wear, but whether it is 1400W or 1800W, the degree of wear is lower than that of the substrate.

[0068] Comparative Example 1

[0069] The layer is prepared by a laser cladding method for the surface of an aluminum alloy plate, as provided in the patent document with application publication number CN114381727A and title "A method for laser cladding forming of aluminum alloy plate surface".

[0070] B4C particles are placed separately in a powder feeder. The aluminum alloy welding wire is fixed on an automatic wire feeder. The powder feeding nozzle is combined with a metal inert gas (MIG) welding torch. The torch height and nozzle angle are adjusted to feed the wire and powder, with the coupling point on the aluminum alloy substrate. High-purity argon (99.99%) is used as both the shielding gas and the powder feeding gas. The aluminum alloy MIG welding parameters and injection powder feeding parameters are adjusted. Simultaneously with initiating MIG welding on the aluminum alloy surface, side injection powder feeding is activated, injecting B4C particles into the molten aluminum alloy pool. The MIG welding current is 60–100A single-pulse DC, the voltage is 15–20V, the shielding gas flow rate is 12–15L / min, the B4C powder feeding speed is 1–2g / min, and the powder feeding gas flow rate is 2… ~3L / min, cladding speed 300~400mm / min, B4C particle-reinforced Al-based composite cladding layer is composed of aluminum alloy matrix and B4C reinforcing particles. Using gas metal arc welding (MIG) to transfer aluminum alloy welding wire to the surface of aluminum alloy plate, B4C particles are injected from the side to integrate into the Al-based cladding layer, thus preparing B4C particle-reinforced Al-based composite cladding layer on the surface of aluminum alloy plate. The B4C particle coverage of the surface layer is 30%~40%, and the content gradually decreases from the surface along the depth direction. The thickness of the aluminum alloy plate surface laser cladding forming method is 2~3mm, the B4C particle size is 120 mesh, and the aluminum alloy wire used for the Al matrix of the cladding layer is ER5356 welding wire with a diameter of 1.2mm.

[0071] Meanwhile, through experimental comparison of the comparative example and the embodiment, it was found that the comparative example, because the reinforcing particles in the coating are fed by a powder feeder, increases the complexity of the equipment and thus the manufacturing cost. On the other hand, because the powder is very easy to splash during the cladding process, the powder material yield is low. The method adopted in this invention has a higher material utilization rate and does not require an external synchronous powder feeder for powder feeding, so the processing cost is also lower.

[0072] In summary, the aluminum-based composite coating processed by this invention has the characteristics of high quality, high efficiency, energy saving and consumption reduction, which meets the requirements of green manufacturing development.

[0073] Comparative Example 2

[0074] Under the conditions of Example 1, the laser is not oscillated, that is, the laser oscillation speed is set to 0 mm / s, and all other conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0075] Comparative Example 3

[0076] Under the conditions of Example 1, the laser oscillation speed was set to 200 mm / s, and all other conditions were the same as in Example 1.

[0077] Comparative Example 4

[0078] Under the conditions of Example 1, the laser oscillation speed was set to 300 mm / s, and all other conditions were the same as in Example 1.

[0079] Comparative Example 5

[0080] Under the conditions of Example 1, the laser oscillation speed was set to 550 mm / s, and all other conditions were the same as in Example 1.

[0081] The test results of the coating performance of Examples 1 and Comparative Examples 2 to 5 are shown in Table 2.

[0082] Table 2

[0083] Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Comparative Example 5 hardness 141.5HV 119.4HV 127.1HV 135.7HV 137.6HV Wear 0.55mg 1.03mg 0.75mg 0.63mg 0.61mg

[0084] Table 2 shows that the laser oscillation speed has a significant impact on the microhardness and wear resistance of the cladding layer. When the laser oscillation speed is set to 0 mm / s, the laser energy is too concentrated, resulting in poor cladding layer quality, the lowest microhardness, the highest wear, and the lowest wear resistance among all samples. When the laser oscillation speed is set to 200 mm / s and 300 mm / s, the laser energy distribution is relatively uneven, and the microhardness and wear resistance of the coating are both lower than those of the cladding coating when the laser oscillation speed is set to 480 mm / s. When the laser oscillation speed is set to 550 mm / s, although the microhardness and wear resistance of the coating are improved compared to the laser oscillation speeds of 0 mm / s, 200 mm / s, and 300 mm / s, the excessively high laser oscillation speed and the excessively dispersed laser energy mean that its microhardness and wear resistance are still lower than those of the cladding coating when the laser oscillation speed is set to 480 mm / s.

[0085] Meanwhile, when cladding directly without spreading TiC particles, the aluminum alloy is a highly reflective material, requiring higher laser energy, resulting in poor bonding performance between the cladding coating and the aluminum alloy substrate. On the other hand, when laser cladding is performed by feeding TiC powder, the powder is relatively light and prone to splashing during feeding, and the powder feeding process is complex and costly.

[0086] This invention ensures the consistency and stability of the coating during the cladding process by using push-pull wire feeding, reducing bubble generation. It also promotes the diffusion of ceramic particles in the molten pool by using a swing laser. The nonlinear superposition effect of the ceramic reinforcing phase and the aluminum alloy matrix phase in terms of physical properties organically combines the good toughness and machinability of the aluminum alloy matrix with the high hardness and high wear resistance of the ceramic reinforcing phase. The resulting cladding coating has high performance, uniform distribution of ceramic particles, and significantly improves the wear resistance of the aluminum alloy surface.

[0087] This invention utilizes the high laser absorption rate of TiC powder to spread the TIC powder evenly on an aluminum alloy substrate, reducing the reflectivity of the aluminum alloy to laser. At the same time, the use of a wobbling laser also helps to break the oxide film on the surface of the aluminum alloy, reducing the generation of defects. The partial dissolution of ceramic particles in the molten pool enhances the metallurgical bond between the cladding coating and the substrate, improving the adhesion of the cladding coating. Ultimately, a well-bonded cladding coating is obtained, thus solving the problem of the difficulty in creating high-performance laser cladding coatings.

[0088] In summary, this invention is the first to propose an aluminum alloy cladding method that involves laying TiC powder on an aluminum alloy substrate and combining it with a swing laser and push-pull wire feeding. This method effectively reduces the reflectivity of aluminum alloys during laser cladding, producing a high-performance aluminum alloy cladding coating with promising application prospects.

[0089] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wire-feeding laser cladding method for aluminum alloys based on pre-laid reinforcing particles, characterized in that: include, TiC particle powder is evenly spread on an aluminum alloy substrate plate; Fix the aluminum alloy substrate with the spread powder onto the platform and set the laser cladding processing parameters; The laser is moved to the starting point of the single-pass laser cladding, and the oxide film on the surface of the aluminum alloy is broken by the swing laser to promote the diffusion of ceramic particles in the molten pool. At the same time, the feeding speed and position of the wire are controlled by push-pull wire feeding. The wire is fed into the molten pool smoothly during the cladding process to ensure the consistency and stability of the coating during the cladding process. Under the action of the laser, the wire and the reinforcing particles melt to form a molten pool. It then cools and solidifies, completing the single-pass laser cladding process; The laser power is 1400W to 1800W, the laser oscillation speed is set to 200 to 550mm / s, the protective gas parameter is set to 15L / min, the defocusing amount is +5mm, the scanning speed is set to 6mm / s, and the wire feeding speed is 10mm / s. The TiC powder has a spreading thickness of 0.1–0.3 mm.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the TiC powder is 15μm to 53μm.

3. The method as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The TiC powder has a spreading thickness of 0.2 mm.

4. The method as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The wire material includes solid aluminum alloy wire, specifically ER5356, with a diameter of 1.6 mm.

5. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The laser power is 1400-1600W.

6. The method as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The laser power is 1600W.

7. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The protective gas includes Ar gas.

8. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The laser oscillation speed is set to 300–550 mm / s.

9. The method as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The laser oscillation speed is set to 400-550 mm / s.

10. The method as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The laser swing speed is set to 480 mm / s.

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