Variable-diameter tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor rod and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rock-soil anchoring engineering, in particular to a variable-diameter tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor rod which comprises a water stop ring, a spiral bar, a spherical bearing body, an assembly type support, an end cap, a threaded steel bar and an isolation sleeve, and the threaded steel bar is sequentially connected with the spherical bearing body, the assembly type support and the end cap from top to bottom; an isolation sleeve is sleeved outside the twisted steel from the spherical bearing body to the orifice end of the drilling hole; the spherical bearing body comprises a ball head, a ball plate and a ball nut, the ball head is spherical, the bottom of the ball head is connected with the upper surface of the ball plate, the bottom of the ball plate is connected with the ball nut, and the spherical bearing body is provided with a rib penetrating hole penetrating through the ball head, the ball plate and the ball nut. The spherical bearing body can slide coarse particles in a drill hole or muck falling from a hole opening in time through the arc line of the ball head, the muck accumulation phenomenon on a traditional plate type bearing body is eliminated, the situation that the compression bearing capacity of a grouting body at the position of the spherical bearing body is not affected is avoided, and then cooperative bearing of the pressure-bearing anchoring section and the tension anchoring section is guaranteed in a high-quality mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rock and soil anchoring engineering, and in particular to a variable-diameter tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor rod and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor has the advantages of high pull-out bearing capacity, good force performance, and significant savings in engineering costs, and has been rapidly promoted in the field of anti-floating engineering. The typical technical characteristics of the tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor are that a bearing body is set at an appropriate position of the rod body, an isolation sleeve is set on the rod body steel bars from the bearing body to the hole mouth section to form a pressure-bearing anchor section, and the rod body steel bars from the bearing body to the hole bottom section are bonded with the grouting body to form a tension anchor section. The pressure-bearing anchor section and the tension anchor section cooperate to bear the load and resist the external load. It is found in engineering practice that since the anti-floating anchor is a vertical anchor, and most of the anti-floating anchors are affected by groundwater and use wet drilling (such as mud wall protection, etc.), the soil particles suspended in the mud, especially the coarse particles, are easy to sink due to their own weight after the anchor rod body is lowered, and it is possible to form sediment at the bearing body of the tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor, resulting in the formation of a highly compressible slag-cement slurry complex at the bearing body of the pressure-bearing anchor section, making it difficult for the pressure-bearing anchor section to share the load and unable to cooperate in bearing. On the other hand, if the mud and debris piles formed at the hole mouth during the construction project are not removed in time, they may fall into the borehole due to human factors during the subsequent construction process, especially the grouting process, causing blockage at the bearing body, which will directly affect the pull-out bearing capacity of the pressure anchor section.

[0003] Therefore, preventing or even eliminating the problem of clogging of debris at the bearing body of the tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor is the key to further ensuring its pull-out bearing capacity. The traditional idea is to ensure the compressive bearing capacity of the grouting body of the pressure-bearing anchor section at the bearing body, and to ensure the compressive area of ​​the bearing body; and the increase in the bearing body area will bring the risk of sediment clogging. Therefore, for a long time, ensuring the pressure bearing body of the pressure-bearing anchor section and preventing the risk of debris accumulation at the bearing body has been a difficult and contradictory problem that is difficult to overcome.

[0004] Combined with long-term technical exploration, in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technology of the present invention was created. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a variable diameter tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor rod, comprising a water stop ring, a spiral rib, a spherical bearing body, an assembled bracket, an end cap, a threaded steel bar, and an isolation sleeve. The water stop ring is installed at the borehole mouth, and the threaded steel bar is sequentially connected with the spherical bearing body, the assembled bracket, and the end cap from top to bottom, and the bottom of the threaded steel bar is fixedly installed in the end cap; an isolation sleeve is provided on the outer sleeve of the threaded steel bar from the spherical bearing body to the borehole mouth end, and the grouting body length section corresponding to the isolation sleeve forms a pressure-bearing anchoring section; the threaded steel bar from the spherical bearing body to the bottom of the borehole is bonded to the grouting body, and the corresponding grouting body length section forms a tension-bearing anchoring section; The spherical bearing body comprises a ball head, a ball plate and a ball nut. The ball head is spherical, the bottom of the ball head is connected to the upper surface of the ball plate, the bottom of the ball plate is connected to the ball nut, and the spherical bearing body is provided with a rib hole penetrating the ball head, the ball plate and the ball nut.

[0006] Furthermore, the cross-sections of the ball plate and the ball nut are circular, the cross-section of the ball plate is larger than the cross-section of the ball nut, the upper surface of the ball plate has the same area as the bottom of the ball head, and the upper surface area of ​​the ball plate can be slightly larger than the bottom area of ​​the ball head.

[0007] Furthermore, the rib-penetrating hole comprises a first rib-penetrating hole and a second rib-penetrating hole, the first rib-penetrating hole is located above the second rib-penetrating hole, and the diameter of the first rib-penetrating hole is greater than or equal to the second rib-penetrating hole.

[0008] Furthermore, the central axes of the first rib penetration hole and the second rib penetration hole are coaxial.

[0009] Furthermore, the first rib penetration hole integrally penetrates the ball head, the ball plate and the upper part of the ball nut, and the second rib penetration hole is arranged at the lower part of the ball nut.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner wall of the first rib penetration hole is provided with a first thread.

[0011] Furthermore, a second thread is provided on the inner wall of the second rib penetration hole.

[0012] Furthermore, the threaded steel bar includes a first threaded steel bar and a second threaded steel bar, the first threaded steel bar is connected to the first threading hole, the second threaded steel bar is connected to the second threading hole, and the diameter of the first threaded steel bar is greater than or equal to the diameter of the second threaded steel bar.

[0013] Furthermore, a spiral rib is sleeved on the outer side of the spherical carrier, and both ends of the spiral rib extend out of the spherical carrier by a preset length.

[0014] The present invention also provides a construction method of a variable diameter tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor rod, wherein the variable diameter tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor rod comprises a spherical bearing body, and comprises the following steps: (1) Screw and install the first threaded steel bar on the first reinforcement hole of the spherical bearing body, insert the spiral reinforcement into the spherical bearing body, screw and install the second threaded steel bar on the second reinforcement hole of the spherical bearing body, and install the isolation sleeve from the spherical bearing body of the first threaded steel bar to the drilling hole; (2) Fix the assembled bracket on the second threaded steel bar at a preset spacing, install the end cap at the bottom of the second threaded steel bar, clamp the first grouting pipe and the second grouting pipe on the pipe groove of the assembled bracket and insert them into the end cap, adjust the position of the spiral bar, and tie and fix the first grouting pipe and the second grouting pipe on the first threaded steel bar, the spiral bar, and the assembled bracket respectively; (3) After drilling a hole to the preset elevation at the preset position, hoist and lower the processed anchor rod body, and install and align the water stop ring at the hole mouth; (4) Cement slurry is continuously injected into the borehole through the first grouting pipe until the grouting liquid continuously overflows from the hole mouth. After the preset interval time is reached, grouting is injected into the borehole through the second grouting pipe. When the preset requirements are met, the grouting is stopped.

[0015] Based on the above, compared with the prior art, the variable diameter tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor provided by the present invention has the following advantages: (1) The spherical bearing body has a significantly improved slag-removing effect. A spherical bearing body with a circular cross-section is used. Based on the ball pressure theory, a spherical ball head is used on the top of the spherical bearing body. On the one hand, the pressure-bearing area is reduced, which can significantly reduce the risk of slag accumulation on the bearing body. On the other hand, the ball head has a certain arch height, and the smooth spherical surface can slide and sink the slag that falls on it in time, eliminating the problem of slag blockage. In addition, the arch height of the ball head can be adjusted according to the clay composition and content of different strata, so that the ball head can achieve the best slag-removing effect.

[0016] (2) The compressive bearing capacity of the grouting body at the spherical bearing body is greatly improved. Since the spherical bearing body has a certain splitting effect on the grouting body, the spiral reinforcement is combined with the outer side of the spherical bearing body. Through the strong restraining effect of the spiral reinforcement, the local compressive bearing capacity of the grouting body at the spherical bearing body can be greatly improved, thereby ensuring the coordinated bearing of the compressive anchor and the tensile anchor sections.

[0017] (3) Significant savings in project costs. Since the tension-compression composite anchor rod relies on the coordinated bearing of the pressure-bearing anchor section and the tension-bearing anchor section, the proportion of the load shared by the tension-bearing anchor section can be approximated by the ratio of the length of the tension-bearing anchor section to the total length of the anchor section according to the calculation theory method. Therefore, the load shared by the tension-bearing anchor section is significantly lower than the total load borne by the tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor rod. The spherical bearing body of the present invention adopts the first reinforcement hole and the second reinforcement hole, which can realize the variable diameter of the rod body steel bar, that is, large-diameter steel bars are used in the pressure-bearing anchor section to ensure the total tensile bearing capacity of the rod body, and the large-diameter steel bars are connected to the first reinforcement hole of the spherical bearing body; small-diameter steel bars are used in the tension-bearing anchor section to meet the load shared by the tension-bearing anchor section, and the small-diameter steel bars are connected to the second reinforcement hole of the spherical bearing body. By using variable-diameter thin steel bars in the tension-bearing anchor section, the bearing capacity requirements are met and a large amount of steel bar consumables are saved, thereby significantly saving project costs.

[0018] (4) Greatly improve construction efficiency. Conventional tension-compression composite anti-floating anchors use integral steel bars of equal diameter. The bearing body needs to be screwed from the head or tail to the designed position. The screwing length is generally 3-7 meters, and workers need to spend a certain amount of time. The solution of the present invention uses steel bars of variable diameter at both ends of the spherical bearing body. The large-diameter steel bars and small-diameter steel bars can be directly and quickly installed in the first and second steel bar holes of the spherical bearing body, respectively, greatly improving construction efficiency.

[0019] Other features and beneficial effects of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other beneficial effects of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. The positional relationships described in the drawings in the following description are based on the directions in which the components are drawn in the diagrams, unless otherwise specified.

[0021] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a variable diameter tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 1-1 cross-sectional view; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 2-2 section view; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 3-3 section view; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 1 Section 4-4 of ; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 1 Section 5-5 of ; Figure 7 A three-dimensional diagram of a spherical bearing body of a variable diameter tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of a spherical bearing body of a variable diameter tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Section 6-6 of ; Fig.10 For the present invention Figure 8 Section 7-7 of ; Fig.11 For the present invention Figure 8 Section 8-8 of ; Fig.12 For the present invention Figure 8 Section 9-9 of ; Fig.13 A side view of a spherical bearing body of a variable diameter tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Fig.14 A top view of a spherical bearing body of a variable diameter tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Fig.15 A bottom view of a spherical bearing body of a variable diameter tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Fig.16 A schematic diagram of the structure of an anchoring device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Fig.17 A front structural schematic diagram of an equal-diameter water stop ring with an upper ring tube and a lower ring tube having the same diameter provided in the first embodiment of the present invention; Fig.18 A schematic diagram of the top view of the water stop ring provided in the first embodiment of the present invention; Fig.19 A schematic diagram of the front structure of a variable diameter water stop ring in which the diameter of the upper ring tube is smaller than the diameter of the lower ring tube provided in the first embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 20 A front structural schematic diagram of a sleeve-type water stop ring without a sleeve tube installed provided in the first embodiment of the present invention; Fig.21 A front structural schematic diagram of a sleeve pipe of a sleeve type water stop ring is provided for the first embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 22 A right side view of the sleeve type water stop ring provided in the first embodiment of the present invention when the sleeve pipe is installed; Fig.23 A front view of a sleeve-type water stop ring provided in the first embodiment of the present invention when a sleeve pipe is installed; Fig.24 A cross-sectional view of an end cap provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Fig.25 for Fig. 20 AA section view; Fig.26 for Fig. 20 BB cross-section diagram; Fig. 27 for Fig. 20 CC profile of ; Fig.28 A top view of the assembled bracket provided in the first embodiment of the present invention; Fig.29 A bottom view of the assembled bracket provided in the first embodiment of the present invention; Fig.30 A top view of a first bracket member provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Fig.31 A front view of the assembled bracket provided in the first embodiment of the present invention; Fig.32 This is a rear view of the assembled bracket provided in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Reference numerals: DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; the technical features designed in different implementation modes of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that all terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used in the present invention have the same meanings as those generally understood by ordinary technicians in the field to which the present invention belongs, and should not be understood as limitations on the present invention; it should be further understood that the terms used in the present invention should be understood to have the same meanings as these terms in the context of this specification and in the relevant fields, and should not be understood in an idealized or overly formal sense, unless explicitly defined in this invention.

[0025] Embodiment 1 The present invention provides a variable diameter tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor rod, such as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, it includes a water stop ring 240, a spiral rib 113, a spherical carrier 500, an assembled bracket 260, an end cap 250, a threaded steel bar 110, and an isolation sleeve 111. The water stop ring 240 is installed at the mouth of the borehole 104. The threaded steel bar 110 is sequentially connected to the spherical carrier 500, the assembled bracket 260, and the end cap 250 from top to bottom. The bottom of the threaded steel bar 110 is fixedly installed in the end cap 250; the threaded steel bar 110 from the spherical carrier 500 to the mouth of the borehole 104 is outer-mounted with an isolation sleeve 111, and the length section of the grouting body 105 corresponding to the isolation sleeve 111 forms a pressure-bearing anchoring section 108; the threaded steel bar 110 from the spherical carrier 500 to the bottom of the borehole 104 is bonded with the grouting body 105, and the corresponding length section of the grouting body 105 forms a tension anchoring section 109.

[0026] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the spherical carrier 500 includes a ball head 510, a ball plate 511 and a ball nut 512. The ball head 510 is hemispherical, the bottom of the ball head 510 is connected to the upper surface of the ball plate 511, the bottom of the ball plate 511 is connected to the ball nut 512, and the spherical carrier 500 is provided with a rib hole penetrating the ball head 510, the ball plate 511 and the ball nut 512.

[0027] Preferably, the cross-sections of the ball plate 511 and the ball nut 512 are circular, the cross-section of the ball plate 511 is larger than the cross-section of the ball nut 512, and the shape of the ball head is preferably hemispherical, or it can be a sphere with a certain arch height; when the ball head is hemispherical, the upper surface area of ​​the ball plate 511 is equal to or slightly larger than the bottom area of ​​the ball head 510.

[0028] Specifically, the upper surface of the ball plate 511 is connected to the lower bottom of the ball head 510, and the two have the same area and are perfectly matched in shape. The ball nut 512 is installed at the bottom of the ball plate 511. The cross section of the ball nut 512 is circular and smaller than the cross section of the ball plate 511. The center lines of the ball head 510, the ball plate 511 and the ball nut 512 are coaxial. When the slag falls, on the one hand, the ball head 510 of the spherical carrier 500 is hemispherical, and the upper bearing area is small, and the slag is not easy to accumulate. In addition, the arch height of the upper part of the hemispherical shape makes the slag slide along the arc line of the hemispherical shape. The rib hole is set through the ball head 510, the ball plate 511 and the ball nut 512, and passes through the threaded steel bar 110 to install the spherical carrier 500 on the threaded steel bar 110.

[0029] In one embodiment, if Figures 8 to 12 As shown, the rib-penetrating hole includes a first rib-penetrating hole 513 and a second rib-penetrating hole 514. The first rib-penetrating hole 513 is located above the second rib-penetrating hole 514. The diameter of the first rib-penetrating hole 513 is greater than or equal to the second rib-penetrating hole 514. The first rib-penetrating hole 513 integrally penetrates the ball head 510, the ball plate 511 and the upper part of the ball nut 512, and the second rib-penetrating hole 514 is arranged at the lower part of the ball nut 512.

[0030] Specifically, the central axes of the first rib hole 513 and the second rib hole 514 are coaxial, the first rib hole 513 is arranged on the upper part of the second rib hole 514, the first rib hole 513 passes through the ball head 510, the ball plate 511 and the upper part of the ball nut 512, and the second rib hole 514 passes through the lower part of the ball nut 512. Fig.14 and Fig.15 As shown, the diameter of the first rib penetration hole 513 is greater than or equal to the diameter of the second rib penetration hole 514 .

[0031] In order to match the rebar holes of different diameters, the threaded steel bar 110 of the present invention includes a first threaded steel bar 110a and a second threaded steel bar 110b. The first threaded steel bar 110a is connected to the first rebar hole 513, and the second threaded steel bar 110b is connected to the second rebar hole 514. The diameter of the first threaded steel bar 110a is greater than or equal to the diameter of the second threaded steel bar 110b.

[0032] Preferably, the inner wall of the first reinforcing bar hole 513 is provided with a first thread 515, and the inner wall of the second reinforcing bar hole 514 is provided with a second thread 516. The first thread 515 is threadedly connected to the outer thread of the first reinforcing bar, and the second thread 516 is threadedly connected to the outer thread of the second reinforcing bar.

[0033] Preferably, since the tension-compression composite anchor rod relies on the coordinated load-bearing of the pressure-bearing anchoring section 108 and the tension-bearing anchoring section 109, the proportion of the load shared by the tension-bearing anchoring section 109 can be approximately taken as the ratio of the length of the tension-bearing anchoring section 109 to the total anchoring section length according to the calculation theory method. Therefore, the load shared by the tension-bearing anchoring section 109 is significantly lower than the total load borne by the tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor rod. The spherical bearing body 500 of the present invention adopts the first reinforcement hole 513 and the second reinforcement hole 514, which can realize the variable diameter of the rod body steel bar, that is, the pressure-bearing anchoring section 108 adopts a large diameter steel bar to ensure the total tensile bearing capacity of the rod body, and the large diameter steel bar is connected to the first reinforcement hole 513 of the spherical bearing body 500; the tension anchoring section 109 adopts a small diameter steel bar to meet the load shared by the tension anchoring section 109, and the small diameter steel bar is connected to the second reinforcement hole 514 of the spherical bearing body 500. By using thin steel bars with variable diameters in the tension anchoring section 109, the bearing capacity requirements are met and a large amount of steel bar consumables are saved, thereby significantly saving the project cost.

[0034] In addition, by setting the first reinforcing bar hole 513, the second reinforcing bar hole 514 and the first threaded steel bar 110a, the second threaded steel bar 110b of the present invention, the installation time of the threaded steel bar 110 is reduced, and the construction efficiency is greatly improved. Conventional tension-compression composite anti-floating anchors use integral steel bars of equal diameter, and the bearing body needs to be screwed from the head or tail to the designed position. The screwing length is generally 3-7 meters, and workers need to spend a certain amount of time. The scheme of the present invention uses variable diameter steel bars at both ends of the spherical bearing body 500. The large diameter steel bars and small diameter steel bars can be directly and quickly installed in the first reinforcing bar hole 513 and the second reinforcing bar hole 514 of the spherical bearing body 500, respectively, and the construction efficiency is greatly improved.

[0035] In one embodiment, the outer side of the spherical carrier 500 is provided with a spiral rib 113, and both ends of the spiral rib 113 extend out of the spherical carrier 500 by a preset length, specifically, the preset length is 150 nm to 500 nm.

[0036] Preferably, the spherical bearing body 500 has a certain splitting effect on the grouting body 105, and the spiral reinforcement 113 is combined on the outside of the spherical bearing body 500. Through the strong restraining effect of the spiral reinforcement 113, the local compressive bearing capacity of the grouting body 105 at the spherical bearing body 500 can be greatly improved, thereby ensuring the coordinated bearing of the compression anchor and the tension anchor section 109, so that the compressive bearing capacity of the grouting body 105 at the spherical bearing body 500 is greatly improved.

[0037] In one embodiment, if Fig.16As shown, the anchoring device 200 includes a first nut 201 and a first steel pad 202. The first steel pad 202 is vertically connected to the first nut 201. The first steel pad 202 and the first nut 201 are provided with a connected first reinforcement hole 203. The inner wall of the first reinforcement hole 203 forms an internal thread 225, which is threadedly connected with the external thread of the threaded steel bar 110.

[0038] In one embodiment, the pre-tightening device 210 includes a second nut 211 and a second steel plate 212, the second steel plate 212 is vertically connected to the second nut 211, the second steel plate 212 and the second nut 211 are provided with a second reinforcing bar hole 213 that is connected, and the inner wall of the second reinforcing bar hole 213 forms an internal thread 225 that is threadedly connected to the external thread of the threaded steel bar 110.

[0039] In one embodiment, the water stop ring 240 includes an upper ring tube 241, a lower ring tube 242 and a ring plate 243. The upper ring tube 241 is located above the ring plate 243, and the lower ring tube 242 is located below the ring plate 243. The ring plate 243 is provided with a ring plate hole 243a. The upper ring tube 241 and the lower ring tube 242 are hollow to form an upper ring hole 241a and a lower ring hole 242a. The normal axes of the upper ring hole 241a, the ring plate hole 243a and the lower ring hole 242a coincide.

[0040] Specifically, when the normal axis coincides, the plane of the ring plate 243 is vertically arranged with the upper ring tube 241 and the lower ring tube 242. The water stop ring 240 is embedded between the bottom plate 100 and the borehole 104, and a cushion layer 103 is also arranged between the bottom plate 100 and the borehole 104. The ring plate 243 abuts against the cushion layer 103, and the anchor bar 110 is placed in the borehole 104 after passing through the upper ring hole 241a, the ring plate hole 243a and the lower ring hole 242a. The side walls of the upper ring tube 241 and the lower ring tube 242 can effectively prevent groundwater from penetrating between the bottom plate 100 and the cushion layer 103, and between the cushion layer 103 and the soil layer of the borehole 104, thereby avoiding corrosion of the steel bars.

[0041] Preferably, if Figures 17 to 21 As shown, the diameter of the upper annular hole 241a is the same as the diameter of the annular plate hole 243a and the lower annular hole 242a, or the diameter of the upper annular hole 241a is smaller than the diameter of the annular plate hole 243a and the lower annular hole 242a.

[0042] In one embodiment, the water stop ring 240 is further provided with a collar tube 244, and the collar tube 244 is installed on the outside of the upper ring tube 241. Fig. 22 As shown, the upper ring tube 241 is symmetrically provided with hanging rod placement grooves 245. Fig.23 As shown, the collar tube 244 is symmetrically provided with hanger cover holes 246 , and the hanger cover holes 246 are arranged opposite to the hanger placement groove 245 .

[0043] In specific implementation, the diameters of the anchor bars 110 required for fixing vary greatly, and the diameters of the anchor bars 110 required for different geological environments are all different, so a hanger bar placement groove 245 is provided on the upper ring tube 241, and the hanger bar placement groove 245 abuts against the ring plate 243. The width of the hanger bar placement groove 245 can match the requirements of different anchor bar 110 diameters, so that the transverse hanger bar 247 can be stably installed and pressed against the ring plate 243. Preferably, the shape of the hanger bar placement groove 245 is rectangular, and the rectangular shape can be more conducive to the placement of the anchor bars 110.

[0044] In one embodiment, if Fig. 22 , Fig.23 As shown, the collar tube 244 is sleeved on the outside of the upper ring tube 241 and is detachably connected to the water stop ring 240. The collar tube 244 includes a transverse plate 244a and a longitudinal plate 244b perpendicular to each other. The hanging bar cover hole 246 is opened at the bottom of the longitudinal plate 244b. The opening of the hanging bar cover hole 246 can completely match the cross section of the transverse hanging bar 247. The distance between the hanging bar cover holes 246 can be determined according to the diameter of the anchor bar 110. The hanging bar placement groove 245 of the upper ring tube 241 is matched with the hanging bar cover hole 246 of the collar tube 244, which can match the installation requirements of different types of steel bars. At the same time, there is no need to add a mold for the upper ring tube 241. It is only necessary to produce the collar tube 244 according to different requirements, which greatly reduces the cost.

[0045] Preferably, if Fig.21 As shown, the shape of the hanger cover hole 246 is a groove or a semicircle. Specifically, the cross section of the anchor bar 110 is generally circular, and the hanger cover hole 246 is set to be a groove or a semicircle to better fit the anchor bar 110.

[0046] In one embodiment, if Figure 24 to Figure 27 As shown, the end cap 250 includes an end cap ball head 253, a screw groove 251, a flexible blade 254 and a stiffening rib 252. The end cap ball head 253 is a hollow hemisphere. Two flexible blades 254 are connected to the upper part of the end cap ball head 253. The horizontal cross-sectional diameter of the flexible blade 254 gradually increases upward. The cross-sectional shape after the end cap ball head 253 and the flexible blade 254 are connected is "U"-shaped. The screw groove 251 is set at the inner center of the end cap ball head 253. A stiffening rib 252 is set between the end cap ball head 253 and the screw groove 251. The stiffening ribs 252 are symmetrically arranged around the screw groove 251 at preset angles.

[0047] In one embodiment, if Figure 28 to Figure 32As shown, the assembled bracket 260 includes a first bracket member 260a, a second bracket member 260b and a connecting member 267. The shapes of the first bracket member 260a and the second bracket member 260b are symmetrical, and the connecting member 267 connects the first bracket member 260a and the second bracket member 260b symmetrically and detachably. The first bracket member 260a and the second bracket member 260b both include an end face 261 and a rib arc surface 265, and the rib arc surface 265 is vertically connected to the bottom of the end face 261. The rib arc surface 265 of the first bracket member 260a and the rib arc surface 265 of the second bracket member 260b are spliced ​​to form a rib groove, and the rib groove is set at the center of the splicing of the end faces 261 of the first bracket member 260a and the second bracket member 260b.

[0048] In specific implementation, a semicircular rib arc surface 265 with a certain length is provided at the bottom of the end surface 261, and the rib arc surface 265 of the first bracket member 260a and the rib arc surface 265 of the second bracket member 260b are spliced ​​to form a rib groove for placing the threaded steel bar 110, which is arranged at the center of the end surface 261. The split first bracket member 260a and the second bracket member 260b are symmetrical in shape. When the assembled bracket 260 needs to be installed, the first bracket member 260a and the second bracket member 260b are directly spliced ​​at the designed position of the assembled bracket 260 of the threaded steel bar 110, and the rib arc surface 265 is buckled on the threaded steel bar 110. The first bracket member 260a and the second bracket member 260b are symmetrically and detachably connected through the connecting member 267, which greatly simplifies the construction strength and avoids the anti-corrosion coating of the threaded steel bar 110 from being damaged.

[0049] Preferably, the shape of the end faces 261 of the first bracket member 260a and the second bracket member 260b after being spliced ​​is an ellipse. Specifically, the shape of the end faces 261 of the first bracket member 260a and the second bracket member 260b after being spliced ​​is an ellipse, which reduces the cross-sectional area of ​​the assembled bracket 260 in the borehole 104, increases the area of ​​the gap between the end face 261 and the borehole 104, and avoids the excessively large cross section from blocking the grouting body 105.

[0050] In one embodiment, the assembled bracket 260 is further provided with two pipe grooves 266, which are semicircular notches. The pipe grooves 266 are symmetrically arranged on the long axis of the elliptical end face 261 after the first bracket member 260a and the second bracket member 260b are spliced. Specifically, in the actual construction process, the pipe grooves 266 are for the grouting pipe to pass through. The number of grouting pipes is generally two, so the setting of two pipe grooves 266 can meet most construction needs; the number of pipe grooves 266 can also be designed according to specific circumstances and is not limited to two. The shape of the pipe groove 266 is a semicircular notch, which can be well adapted to the shape of the grouting pipe. When the grouting pipe is installed, the pipe groove 266 clamps the grouting pipe to ensure the overall installation direction of the grouting pipe and the accuracy of the installation position of the grouting pipe.

[0051] In one embodiment, the rib groove 264 is provided with a rib groove matching the threaded steel bar 110. Specifically, the rib groove 264 of the assembled bracket 260 is provided with a rib groove matching the ribs of the threaded steel bar 110, and the rib groove inside the rib groove 264 matches the ribs of the threaded steel bar 110, thereby ensuring the firmness of the assembled bracket 260 installed on the threaded steel bar 110.

[0052] In one embodiment, if Fig.31 and Fig.32 As shown, the first bracket member 260a and the second bracket member 260b respectively include two locking surfaces 262, and the two locking surfaces 262 are respectively connected to the two sides of the rib arc surface 265, and the top of the locking surface 262 is connected to the bottom of the end surface 261; at least one locking hole 263 is provided on the locking surface 262, and the locking hole 263 of the first bracket member 260a and the locking hole 263 of the second bracket member 260b are opposite to each other, and the connecting member 267 passes through the locking hole 263 of the first bracket member 260a and the locking hole 263 of the second bracket member 260b to symmetrically and detachably connect the first bracket member 260a and the second bracket member 260b.

[0053] In one embodiment, the connecting member 267 includes a screw rod 267a and a nut 267b.

[0054] During specific implementation, the first bracket member 260a and the second bracket member 260b are installed on the threaded steel bar 110 from both sides, so that the rib grooves on the inner walls of the rib grooves 264 of the first bracket member 260a and the second bracket member 260b are matched with the ribs on the outer wall of the threaded steel bar 110, and at the same time, the locking hole 263 of the first bracket member 260a and the locking hole 263 of the second bracket member 260b are aligned, and the locking hole 263 of the first bracket member 260a and the locking hole 263 of the second bracket member 260b are connected by a screw rod 267a, and the first bracket member 260a and the first bracket member 260a can be spliced ​​together to form a complete assembled bracket 260 by locking with a nut 267b. In this way, the splicing installation from both sides of the threaded steel bar 110 realizes the efficient installation of the assembled bracket 260, and at the same time avoids damaging the anti-corrosion coating on the surface of the threaded steel bar 110.

[0055] Embodiment 2 The present invention also provides a construction method for a variable diameter tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor rod, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: (1) Screw and install the first threaded steel bar 110a on the first reinforcement hole 513 of the spherical carrier 500, insert the spiral steel bar 113 into the spherical carrier 500, screw and install the second threaded steel bar 110b on the second reinforcement hole 514 of the spherical carrier 500, and install the isolation sleeve 111 from the spherical carrier 500 of the first threaded steel bar 110a to the opening of the drill hole 104; Specifically, the length of the isolation sleeve 111 from the bearing body to the opening of the borehole 104 is the pressure-bearing anchoring section 108. The bottom end of the first threaded steel bar 110a is screwed into the first rib-piercing hole 513. After being installed to the preset position, the first threaded steel bar 110a is stuck at the bottom of the first rib-piercing hole 513; the bottom of the second threaded steel bar 110b is screwed into the second rib-piercing hole 514, and the second threaded steel bar 110b is pressed against the top of the second rib-piercing hole 514; the first threaded steel bar 110a and the second threaded steel bar 110b only need to be screwed to the length of the first rib-piercing hole 513 and the second rib-piercing hole 514 respectively to complete the installation of the threaded steel bar 110, which greatly improves the installation efficiency of the threaded steel bar 110. At the same time, the threaded steel bar is inserted into the outside of the spherical bearing body 500. The strong restraining effect of the spiral steel bar 113 after grouting can greatly improve the local pressure bearing body of the grouting body 105 at the spherical bearing body 500, thereby ensuring the coordinated bearing of the pressure anchoring and the tension anchoring section 109.

[0056] (2) Fix the assembled bracket 260 on the second threaded steel bar 110b at a preset interval, install the end cap 250 at the bottom of the second threaded steel bar 110b, clamp the first grouting pipe 106 and the second grouting pipe 107 on the pipe groove 266 of the assembled bracket 260 and extend them into the end cap 250, adjust the position of the spiral reinforcement 113, and tie and fix the first grouting pipe 106 and the second grouting pipe 107 to the first threaded steel bar 110a, the spiral reinforcement 113, and the assembled bracket 260 respectively; Specifically, the assembled bracket 260 is installed under the spherical carrier 500, and the end cap 250 is installed at the bottom of the second threaded steel bar 110b; then the first grouting pipe 106 and the second grouting pipe 107 are respectively passed through the spiral rib 113, clamped on the pipe groove 266 of the assembled bracket 260, and extended into the end cap 250.

[0057] (3) After drilling the hole 104 at the preset position to the preset elevation, hoist and lower the processed anchor rod body, and install and align the water stop ring 240 at the opening of the drilled hole 104; Specifically, a hole 104 is drilled at a preset position. After the hole 104 is drilled to a preset elevation, an assembled anchor rod is placed into the hole 104 to a preset depth, and a water stop ring 240 is inserted into the hole mouth so that the ring plate of the water stop ring 240 is placed on the cushion layer 103.

[0058] Preferably, a steel pipe can also be inserted from the top of the threaded steel bar 110 , and after the steel pipe passes through the upper ring hole and the lower ring hole of the water stop ring 240 , it abuts against the assembled bracket 260 and is exposed from the upper ring tube of the water stop ring 240 .

[0059] (4) Cement slurry is continuously injected into the borehole 104 through the first grouting pipe 106 until the grouting liquid continuously overflows from the hole mouth. After a preset interval time is reached, grouting is performed into the borehole 104 through the second grouting pipe 107. Grouting is stopped after the preset requirements are met.

[0060] Specifically, grouting is performed into the borehole 104 through the first grouting pipe 106, and grouting is stopped after continuous grouting at the borehole. After the first grouting is completed and a preset time interval has elapsed, a second grouting is performed through the second grouting pipe 107; Subsequently, prestressing and base plate 100 construction are carried out. After the strength of the grouting body 105 reaches the preset requirement, a reaction frame is installed on the cushion layer 103, and the threaded steel bar 110 is tensioned by a through-hole jack so that the tension reaches the preset requirement; the waterproof membrane 102 is laid on the cushion layer 103 to form a waterproof layer, and the waterproof membrane 102 is overlapped on the ring plate of the water stop ring 240; then the protective layer 101 is poured on the waterproof membrane 102, and then the anchoring device 200 is installed to carry out the base plate 100 construction. The anchoring device 200 can increase the anchoring force of the threaded steel bar 110 in the base plate 100.

[0061] In addition, those skilled in the art should understand that, although there are many problems in the prior art, each embodiment or technical solution of the present invention can be improved in only one or several aspects, without having to solve all the technical problems listed in the prior art or background technology at the same time. Those skilled in the art should understand that the content not mentioned in a claim should not be used as a limitation on the claim.

[0062] Although the terms such as base plate, protective layer, waterproofing membrane, cushion layer, drilling, grouting body, first grouting pipe, second grouting pipe, pressure anchoring section, tension anchoring section, threaded steel bar, isolation sleeve, steel pipe, spiral rib, anchoring device, second pre-tightening device, spherical bearing body, bearing plate, bearing cap, rib hole, convex surface, combined bearing body, first spherical bearing body, second spherical bearing body, water stop ring, end cap and assembled bracket are used more frequently in this article, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. The use of these terms is only to more conveniently describe and explain the essence of the present invention; interpreting them as any additional restrictions is contrary to the spirit of the present invention; the terms "first", "second", etc. (if any) in the description and claims of the embodiments of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable diameter tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor, characterized in that: It includes a water stop ring, a spiral rib, a spherical bearing body, an assembled bracket, an end cap, a threaded steel bar, and an isolation sleeve. The water stop ring is installed at the borehole opening. The threaded steel bar is sequentially connected to the spherical bearing body, the assembled bracket, and the end cap from top to bottom. The bottom of the threaded steel bar is fixedly installed in the end cap. The threaded steel bar from the spherical bearing body to the borehole opening is covered with the isolation sleeve, and the grouting body length section corresponding to the isolation sleeve forms a pressure-bearing anchoring section. The threaded steel bar from the spherical bearing body to the bottom of the borehole forms a bond with the grouting body, and the corresponding grouting body length section forms a tension-bearing anchoring section. The spherical carrier includes a ball head, a ball plate and a ball nut. The ball head is spherical, the bottom of the ball head is connected to the upper surface of the ball plate, the bottom of the ball plate is connected to the ball nut, and the spherical carrier is provided with a rib hole that passes through the ball head, the ball plate and the ball nut.

2. The variable diameter tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor according to claim 1 is characterized by: The cross sections of the ball plate and the ball nut are circular, and the cross section of the ball plate is larger than the cross section of the ball nut.

3. The variable diameter tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rib-penetrating holes include a first rib-penetrating hole and a second rib-penetrating hole, the first rib-penetrating hole is located above the second rib-penetrating hole, and the diameter of the first rib-penetrating hole is greater than or equal to the second rib-penetrating hole.

4. The variable diameter tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor according to claim 3 is characterized by: Central axes of the first rib penetration hole and the second rib penetration hole are coaxial.

5. The variable diameter tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor according to claim 3 is characterized by: The first rib penetration hole integrally penetrates the ball head, the ball plate and the upper part of the ball nut, and the second rib penetration hole is arranged at the lower part of the ball nut.

6. The variable diameter tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor according to claim 3 is characterized by: The inner wall of the first rib penetration hole is provided with a first thread.

7. The variable diameter tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor rod according to claim 3 is characterized by: The inner wall of the second rib penetration hole is provided with a second thread.

8. The variable diameter tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor according to claim 3 is characterized by: The threaded steel bar includes a first threaded steel bar and a second threaded steel bar, the first threaded steel bar is connected to the first threading hole, the second threaded steel bar is connected to the second threading hole, and the diameter of the first threaded steel bar is greater than or equal to the diameter of the second threaded steel bar.

9. The variable diameter tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor according to claim 1 is characterized by: A spiral rib is sleeved on the outer side of the spherical carrier, and two ends of the spiral rib extend out of the spherical carrier by a preset length.

10. A construction method for a variable diameter tension-compression composite anti-floating anchor, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) screwing and installing a first threaded steel bar on a first reinforcement hole of a spherical bearing body, inserting a spiral reinforcement into the spherical bearing body, screwing and installing a second threaded steel bar on a second reinforcement hole of the spherical bearing body, and installing an isolation sleeve from the spherical bearing body of the first threaded steel bar to the drilling hole; (2) fixing the assembled bracket on the second threaded steel bar at a preset interval, installing an end cap on the bottom of the second threaded steel bar, clamping the first grouting pipe and the second grouting pipe on the pipe groove of the assembled bracket and extending them into the end cap, adjusting the position of the spiral bar, and tying and fixing the first grouting pipe and the second grouting pipe on the first threaded steel bar, the spiral bar, and the assembled bracket respectively; (3) After drilling a hole at a preset position to a preset elevation, hoist and lower the processed anchor rod body, and install and align a water stop ring at the hole opening; (4) Cement slurry is continuously injected into the borehole through the first grouting pipe until grouting liquid continuously overflows from the orifice. After a preset interval time is reached, grouting is performed into the borehole through the second grouting pipe. Grouting is stopped after the preset requirements are met.

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