Active, semi-active, passive control smart switched adaptive tuned mass damper

Abstract

The application provides an adaptive tuned mass damper with active, semi-active, passive control intelligent switching, which comprises a damper passive control part, a servo control part, an active control part, a semi-active control part and a health monitoring part, the servo control part uniformly controls the active control part, the semi-active control part and the health monitoring part; the friction pendulum support is smoothly bidirectionally slid in a plane to realize bidirectional vibration control of a structure; a jack is used to provide an active control force for the friction pendulum support, so as to ensure that the mass block can slide under slight wind vibration to start working and can control the excessive stroke under extreme disasters; the relative movement between a damping steel plate and damping liquid in a damping groove is used to provide bidirectional damping force; variable stiffness control is used to ensure the accurate instantaneous vibration frequency of the damper and improve the bidirectional vibration reduction effect; the health monitoring part stores, transmits and analyzes real-time vibration signals in real time to ensure the normal work and safety of the structure.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of civil engineering and vibration control technology, and particularly relates to an adaptive tuned mass damper with active, semi-active and passive control and intelligent switching. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of structural design and construction technology, building structures become higher and more slender. However, high-rise buildings are light and flexible in shape, and have low natural frequency and damping ratio, so they are very sensitive to vibration under disaster action. Earthquake is one of the most destructive and dangerous natural disasters. How to protect the safety of building structures under the action of earthquake has always been a research hotspot of scholars in the world civil engineering field. Under the excitation of typhoon, strong convective weather and the like, high-rise buildings may produce large vibration. The excessive acceleration response of the structure will cause the comfort problem of indoor users, and the displacement response will endanger the safety of the building structure. With the higher requirements of people on the safety and comfort of building structures, the intelligent disaster prevention and mitigation research of structures under multi-disaster action is more challenging and of great value. In order to control the vibration response of building structures under external disasters and improve their safety, a common method is to add dampers to the structure for vibration control, that is, to dissipate the kinetic energy of the structure through additional dampers, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the vibration of the structure.

[0003] Tuned mass damper (TMD) is a traditional structural vibration control device. The tuned mass damper is a single-degree-of-freedom dynamic vibration absorber composed of a mass unit, a stiffness unit and a damping unit, and it is necessary to propose an intelligent tuned mass damper that can control the bidirectional vibration of the structure. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide an adaptive tuned mass damper with active, semi-active and passive control and intelligent switching, which can adjust the bidirectional frequency and damping ratio of itself in real time, and has better bidirectional vibration control performance compared with the traditional tuned mass damper.

[0005] The purpose of the present application is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] An adaptive tuned mass damper with active, semi-active, passive control and intelligent switching, comprising: a floor top plate and a floor bottom plate, an upper connecting plate connected to the lower surface of the floor top plate by welding or bolting, a lower connecting plate connected to the upper surface of the floor bottom plate by welding or bolting, a mass block arranged between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, the mass block having a damping groove in the center for containing damping liquid, a plurality of shape memory alloy springs uniformly arranged between the upper connecting plate and the mass block and connecting the upper connecting plate and the mass block, a plurality of air springs uniformly arranged between the upper connecting plate and the mass block and connecting the upper connecting plate and the mass block, the mass block connected to the floor bottom plate through a friction pendulum support composed of a support top plate, a slider and a support bottom plate, the lower surface of the mass block connected to the support top plate by bolting, the lower surface of the support bottom plate connected to the floor bottom plate by welding or bolting, the slider placed between the support top plate and the support bottom plate and smoothly sliding in both directions in the plane to drive the mass block to slide in both directions, thereby achieving bidirectional vibration control of the structure.

[0007] The lower connecting plate is connected with a jack by bolting for applying a pushing force or a pulling force to the friction pendulum support, the jack providing active control force for the friction pendulum support to ensure that the mass block can slide under slight wind vibration to start working and can control its excessive stroke under extreme disasters. Preferably, the adjustable length range of the jack is 1-150 mm.

[0008] A step motor driven rod extends into the damping groove in the Y direction and can perform telescopic movement under the control of a control center, and a damping steel plate is connected to the step motor driven rod by welding or bolting and moves with the step motor driven rod to change the length of the damping steel plate extending into the damping groove. The damping steel plate provides bidirectional damping force through relative movement with the damping liquid in the damping groove, and the damping force can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the damping steel plate extending into the damping groove through the step motor driven rod. The damping liquid is silicone oil damping liquid or magnetorheological damping liquid. When the damping liquid is magnetorheological damping liquid, the damping can also be changed by changing the viscosity of the magnetorheological damping liquid through electric current. The damping groove can be rectangular or annular. Preferably, the adjustable length range of the step motor driven rod is 1-5 m.

[0009] As described above, the adaptive tuned mass damper with active, semi-active, and passive intelligent switching further includes multiple acceleration sensors for measuring the X-axis and Y-axis accelerations of the support base plate and the mass block, respectively. These acceleration sensors are connected to the control center via wired or wireless transmission. The control center analyzes and processes the acceleration signals from each sensor to obtain the optimal bidirectional frequency and damping ratio of the tuned mass damper.

[0010] The plurality of acceleration sensors include at least: acceleration sensor I, which is attached to the side of the support base plate in the horizontal X direction and is used to measure the horizontal X-axis acceleration of the support base plate; acceleration sensor II, which is attached to the side of the mass block in the horizontal X direction and is used to measure the horizontal X-axis acceleration of the mass block; acceleration sensor III, which is attached to the side of the support base plate in the horizontal Y direction and is used to measure the horizontal Y-axis acceleration of the support base plate; and acceleration sensor IV, which is attached to the side of the mass block in the horizontal Y direction and is used to measure the horizontal Y-axis acceleration of the mass block.

[0011] The floor top plate, floor bottom plate, mass block, support top plate, slider, support bottom plate, upper connecting plate, damping steel plate and damping groove form the passive control part of the damper of the adaptive tuned mass damper.

[0012] The multiple acceleration sensors and the control center form the servo control section of the adaptive tuned mass damper.

[0013] The lower connecting plate and the jack form the active control part of the adaptive tuned mass damper.

[0014] The stepper motor, shape memory alloy spring, and air spring form the semi-active control part of the adaptive tuned mass damper. Preferably, the shape memory alloy spring and the air spring are respectively connected to the upper connecting plate and the mass block by pre-reserved buckles. The number of shape memory alloy springs and air springs is 4 to 8, and they are symmetrically arranged along both sides of the mass block. The shape memory alloy spring can change its stiffness and frequency by changing its electric current, and the air spring can change its stiffness and frequency by changing its air pressure, thereby achieving variable stiffness control to ensure the accurate instantaneous vibration frequency of the damper and improve its bidirectional vibration reduction effect.

[0015] The multiple acceleration sensors form a health monitoring part of the adaptive tuned mass damper, and real-time vibration signals of the adaptive tuned mass damper and a building structure floor where the adaptive tuned mass damper is located are stored, transmitted and analyzed by the health monitoring part in real time, so as to ensure normal work and safety of the building structure and the adaptive tuned mass damper.

[0016] The active, semi-active and passive control intelligent switching adaptive tuned mass damper can realize bidirectional vibration control of the structure through smooth bidirectional sliding of the friction pendulum support in a plane; the jack provides active control force for the friction pendulum support, so that the mass block can slide under slight wind vibration to start work, and the excessive stroke of the mass block under extreme disasters can be controlled; the relative movement between the damping steel plate and the damping liquid in the damping groove provides bidirectional damping force; the variable stiffness control ensures accurate instantaneous vibration frequency of the damper, and improves the bidirectional vibration reduction effect; the real-time vibration signals of the tuned mass damper and the building structure where the tuned mass damper is located are stored, transmitted and analyzed by the health monitoring part in real time, so as to ensure normal work and safety of the building structure and the tuned mass damper.

[0017] Due to the above scheme, the following beneficial effects are achieved:

[0018] Firstly, the tuned mass damper can control bidirectional vibration of the high-rise building in a plane, and has the advantages of saving building space, saving damper consumption, reducing floor concentrated load and saving cost.

[0019] Secondly, the tuned mass damper can start to slide under slight wind vibration, and the active control part stops working when the tuned mass damper can move; under extreme disasters, the active control part can limit the stroke of the tuned mass damper to ensure safety.

[0020] Thirdly, the tuned mass damper can adjust its bidirectional frequency and damping ratio in real time, so it has better bidirectional vibration control performance than the conventional tuned mass damper.

[0021] Fourthly, when the semi-active control part does not start to work, the tuned mass damper is a conventional passive tuned mass damper, which can also meet the established comfort index through optimization design, and has better comfort margin in the semi-active control case.

[0022] Fifthly, the real-time vibration signals of the tuned mass damper and the building structure are stored, transmitted and analyzed by the health monitoring part in real time, so as to ensure normal work and safety of the building structure and the tuned mass damper. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1Structure diagram of adaptive tuned mass damper of active, semi-active, passive control intelligent exchange of the present application.

[0024] Figure 2 Structure diagram of adaptive tuned mass damper of active, semi-active, passive control intelligent exchange of the present application.

[0025] Figure 3 Structure diagram of adaptive tuned mass damper of active, semi-active, passive control intelligent exchange of the present application.

[0026] Reference numerals: 1 - floor top plate, 2 - floor bottom plate, 3 - mass block, 4 - support top plate, 5 - sliding block, 6 - support bottom plate, 7 - upper connecting plate, 8 - step motor, 9 - damping steel plate, 10 - damping groove, 11 - shape memory alloy spring, 12 - acceleration sensor I, 13 - acceleration sensor II, 14 - acceleration sensor III, 15 - acceleration sensor IV, 16 - control center, 17 - lower connecting plate, 18 - jack and 19 - air spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present application is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples, but the examples are not used to limit the present application, and any similar structure and similar changes thereof shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0028] As shown in the drawings, the adaptive tuned mass damper of active, semi-active, passive control intelligent exchange of the present application comprises: a damper passive control part, a servo control part, an active control part, a semi-active control part and a health monitoring part, wherein the servo control part is the control center of the tuned mass damper of the present application, and uniformly controls the active control part, the semi-active control part and the health monitoring part. Figure 1

[0029] Damper passive control part The damper passive control part comprises: a floor top plate 1, a floor bottom plate 2, a mass block 3, a support top plate 4, a sliding block 5, a support bottom plate 6, an upper connecting plate 7, a damping steel plate 9 and a damping groove 10, the upper surface of the upper connecting plate 7 is connected to the floor top plate 1 by welding or bolts, the lower surface of the mass block 3 is connected to the support top plate 4 by bolts, the lower surface of the support bottom plate 6 is connected to the floor bottom plate 2 by welding or bolts, a rectangular or ring-shaped damping groove 10 is formed in the center of the mass block 3, the damping groove 10 can contain silicon oil as viscous damping or magnetic rheological damping liquid, and the sliding block 5 is placed between the support top plate 4 and the support bottom plate 6 and can slide smoothly in the plane in both directions.

[0030]

[0031] ​The mass 3 can be smoothly bidirectional sliding in the plane by the friction pendulum bearing composed of the bearing top plate 4, the sliding block 5 and the bearing bottom plate 6 to realize bidirectional vibration control of the structure.

[0032] Servo control part

[0033] The servo control part comprises: an acceleration sensor I 12, an acceleration sensor II 13, an acceleration sensor III 14, an acceleration sensor IV 15 and a control hub 16, the acceleration sensor I 12 is adsorbed on the side of the horizontal X direction of the bearing bottom plate 6 and is used for measuring the horizontal X direction acceleration of the bearing bottom plate 6, the acceleration sensor II 13 is adsorbed on the side of the horizontal X direction of the mass 3 and is used for measuring the horizontal X direction acceleration of the mass 3, the acceleration sensor III 14 is adsorbed on the side of the horizontal Y direction of the bearing bottom plate 6 and is used for measuring the horizontal Y direction acceleration of the bearing bottom plate 6, the acceleration sensor IV 15 is adsorbed on the side of the horizontal Y direction of the mass 3 and is used for measuring the horizontal Y direction acceleration of the mass 3, the acceleration sensor I 12, the acceleration sensor II 13, the acceleration sensor III 14 and the acceleration sensor IV 15 are respectively connected to the control hub 16 through wired or wireless transmission.

[0034] Active control part

[0035] The active control part comprises: a lower connecting plate 17 and a jack 18, the lower connecting plate 17 is connected to the floor bottom plate 2 through welding or bolt connection, the jack 18 is connected to the lower connecting plate 17 through bolt connection, and the jack 18 can exert a pushing force or a pulling force on the bearing top plate 4.

[0036] The jack 18 provides an active control force for the friction pendulum bearing to ensure that the mass 3 can slide under a small wind vibration to start working and can control the excessive stroke under an extreme disaster.

[0037] The adjustable length range of the jack 18 is 1-150 mm.

[0038] Semi-active control part

[0039] The semi-active control part includes: a step motor 8, a shape memory alloy spring 11 and an air spring 19, the step motor 8 is connected with the damping steel plate 9 through welding or bolt connection, the step motor 8 is telescopic under the control of the control hub 16 to change the length of the damping steel plate 9 extending into the damping groove 10, the shape memory alloy spring 11 is connected between the upper connecting plate 7 and the mass 3 through the reserved buckle form clamping connection, the air spring 19 is connected between the upper connecting plate 7 and the mass 3 through the reserved buckle form clamping connection. Wherein, the number of shape memory alloy springs 11 and air springs 19 is 4-8, the shape memory alloy springs 11 and air springs 19 are symmetrically arranged along the two sides of the mass 3. Wherein, the damping groove 10 can be rectangular or annular.

[0040] The control hub 16 obtains the bidirectional optimal frequency and damping ratio of the tuned mass damper by analyzing and processing the acceleration signals of the acceleration sensor I 12, the acceleration sensor II 13, the acceleration sensor III 14 and the acceleration sensor IV 15.

[0041] The shape memory alloy spring 11 can change its stiffness and frequency by changing its current, and the air spring 19 can change its stiffness and frequency by changing its air pressure, so as to realize variable stiffness control, so as to ensure the accurate instantaneous vibration frequency of the damper and improve its bidirectional damping effect. The damping steel plate 9 provides bidirectional damping force through the relative movement between the damping liquid in the damping groove 10, the damping force can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the damping steel plate 9 extending into the damping groove 10 through the step motor 8, and the damping liquid in the damping groove 10 is silicone oil damping liquid or magnetorheological damping liquid. When the damping liquid is magnetorheological damping liquid, the method of changing the viscosity of the magnetorheological damping liquid by changing the current can also be used to change the damping.

[0042] Wherein, the adjustable length range of the step motor 8 is 1-5 m.

[0043] Health monitoring part

[0044] The health monitoring part includes: acceleration sensor I 12, acceleration sensor II 13, acceleration sensor III 14, acceleration sensor IV 15 and control hub 16, the acceleration sensor I 12, acceleration sensor II 13, acceleration sensor III 14 and acceleration sensor IV 15 are connected with the control hub 16 through wired or wireless transmission.

[0045] The control center 16 calculates the instantaneous optimal frequency, generally 0.1-1.0 Hz, by analyzing and processing the acceleration signals of the acceleration sensor I 12, the acceleration sensor II 13, the acceleration sensor III 14 and the acceleration sensor IV 15, solving the phase angle of the acceleration signals in real time, and deriving and windowing the control upper and lower limits. The control center 16 calculates the optimal damping ratio, generally 0-12%, by integral algorithm based on the optimization target of the minimum amplitude of the acceleration vibration of the building structure, and then feeds back to the semi-active control part to adjust the stiffness and damping in real time, respectively. The specific method of the control center for processing and calculating the collected data does not belong to the technical problems to be solved by the present application, and is the prior art known by those skilled in the art, which will not be described here.

[0046] The real-time vibration signals of the tuned mass damper and the building structure floor where the tuned mass damper is located are stored, transmitted and analyzed by the health monitoring part in real time to ensure the normal work and safety of the building structure and the tuned mass damper.

[0047] The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not any limitation on the scope of the present application. Any modification or modification made by any person skilled in the art according to the above disclosed technical content should be regarded as an equivalent effective embodiment, which belongs to the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present application.

Claims

1. An actively, semi-actively, passively controlled smart switched adaptive tuned mass damper, characterized by, The adaptive tuned mass damper comprises a floor top plate (1) and a floor bottom plate (2), an upper connecting plate (7) is connected to the lower surface of the floor top plate (1) by welding or bolting, a lower connecting plate (17) is connected to the upper surface of the floor bottom plate (2) by welding or bolting, a mass block (3) is arranged between the upper connecting plate (7) and the lower connecting plate (17), a damping groove (10) for containing damping liquid is formed in the center of the mass block (3), a plurality of shape memory alloy springs (11) are uniformly arranged between the upper connecting plate (7) and the mass block (3) and connect the upper connecting plate (7) and the mass block (3), a plurality of air springs (19) are uniformly arranged between the upper connecting plate (7) and the mass block (3) and connect the upper connecting plate (7) and the mass block (3), the mass block (3) is connected to the floor bottom plate (2) through a friction pendulum support composed of a support top plate (4), a sliding block (5) and a support bottom plate (6), the lower surface of the mass block (3) is connected to the support top plate (4) by bolting, the lower surface of the support bottom plate (6) is connected to the floor bottom plate (2) by welding or bolting, the sliding block (5) is arranged between the support top plate (4) and the support bottom plate (6) and can slide smoothly in the plane to drive the mass block (3) to slide bidirectionally, the lower connecting plate (17) is connected with a jack (18) by bolting for applying a pushing force or a pulling force to the friction pendulum support, a step motor (8) extends into the damping groove (10) along the Y direction and can perform extension and contraction movement under the control of a control center (16), a damping steel plate (9) is connected to the step motor (8) by welding or bolting and moves with the step motor (8) to change the length of the damping steel plate (9) extending into the damping groove (10), a plurality of acceleration sensors are arranged for measuring the X-direction acceleration and Y-direction acceleration of the support bottom plate (6) and the X-direction acceleration and Y-direction acceleration of the mass block (3), respectively, and the plurality of acceleration sensors are connected to the control center (16) by wired or wireless transmission. The floor top plate (1), the floor bottom plate (2), the mass block (3), the support top plate (4), the sliding block (5), the support bottom plate (6), the upper connecting plate (7), the damping steel plate (9) and the damping groove (10) form a damper passive control part of the adaptive tuned mass damper. The plurality of acceleration sensors and the control center (16) form a servo control part of the adaptive tuned mass damper. The lower connecting plate (17) and the jack (18) form an active control part of the adaptive tuned mass damper. The step motor (8), the shape memory alloy spring (11) and the air spring (19) form a semi-active control part of the adaptive tuned mass damper. ​ The plurality of acceleration sensors form a health monitoring part of the adaptive tuned mass damper, and real-time vibration signals of the adaptive tuned mass damper and a floor of a building structure where the adaptive tuned mass damper is located are stored, transmitted and analyzed by the health monitoring part in real time.

2. The self-adapting tuned mass damper of claim 1, wherein: The damping groove (10) is rectangular or annular.

3. The self-adapting tuned mass damper of claim 1, wherein: The damping liquid is a silicon oil damping liquid or a magneto-rheological damping liquid.

4. The self-adapting tuned mass damper of claim 1, wherein: The shape memory alloy spring (11) and the air spring (19) are respectively connected between the upper connecting plate (7) and the mass block (3) through reserved clasp joint connections.

5. The self-adapting tuned mass damper of claim 1, wherein: The number of the shape memory alloy spring (11) and the air spring (19) is 4-8, and the shape memory alloy spring (11) and the air spring (19) are symmetrically arranged along two sides of the mass block (3).

6. The self-adapting tuned mass damper of claim 1, wherein: The shape memory alloy spring (11) changes its stiffness and frequency by changing its current quantity.

7. The self-adapting tuned mass damper according to claim 1, wherein: The air spring (19) changes its stiffness and frequency by changing its air pressure.

8. The self-adapting tuned mass damper of claim 1, wherein: The plurality of acceleration sensors at least include: An acceleration sensor I (12) is adsorbed to a side of the support bottom plate (6) in a horizontal X direction, and is used for measuring horizontal X direction acceleration of the support bottom plate (6); An acceleration sensor II (13) is adsorbed to a side of the mass block (3) in the horizontal X direction, and is used for measuring horizontal X direction acceleration of the mass block (3); An acceleration sensor III (14) is adsorbed to a side of the support bottom plate (6) in a horizontal Y direction, and is used for measuring horizontal Y direction acceleration of the support bottom plate (6); and An acceleration sensor IV (15) is adsorbed to a side of the mass block (3) in the horizontal Y direction, and is used for measuring horizontal Y direction acceleration of the mass block (3).

9. The self-adapting tuned mass damper according to claim 1, wherein: The adjustable length range of the jack (18) is 1-150 mm.

10. The self-adapting tuned mass damper according to claim 1, wherein: The adjustable length range of the step motor electric rod (8) is 1-5 m.

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