Spatial staggered type strong self-sharpening rock breaking cutting tooth suitable for hard formation

Abstract

The invention relates to a space staggered type strong self-sharpening rock breaking cutting tooth suitable for a hard formation. The high-hardness particle diamond matrix is composed of a high-hardness particle diamond layer (1) and a space staggered diamond matrix body (2). The method is characterized in that in order to solve the problems that the cutting teeth are passivated due to abrasion and cannot keep high-efficiency penetration, the cutting capacity is greatly reduced and the drilling efficiency is reduced, the high self-sharpening property of the cutting teeth is kept by utilizing a space staggered layout and a differentiated body material, and the problem that continuous and high-efficiency cutting cannot be kept due to passivation of the cutting teeth at present is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a spatially stacked fault-type strong self-sharpening rock-breaking cutting tooth suitable for hard formations, belonging to the technical field of oil and natural gas exploitation, in particular to a cutting tooth used in a drill bit in an oil exploitation drilling process. Background Art

[0002] In oil drilling or mining, rock breaking drill bits are components that directly interact with rocks and are also key tools that directly participate in rock crushing. There are a certain number of cutting teeth distributed on the drilling bit. The main function of the cutting teeth is to eat into the formation and cut and crush the rock under the action of torque. Therefore, the cutting ability of the cutting teeth has a great influence on the rock breaking effect. Generally, the drill bit can maintain a sharp cutting edge in the initial period and can eat and cut rocks well. However, as the use time continues to increase, the cutting teeth will be worn and passivated and cannot maintain efficient eating. The cutting ability is greatly reduced, and the drilling efficiency gradually decreases. Therefore, how to solve the problem of inefficient drilling caused by the passivation of the cutting teeth has become one of the hot topics of concern for researchers and engineers.

[0003] In response to the above problems, the present invention proposes a spatial stacking fault type strong self-sharpening rock breaking cutter suitable for hard formations, which utilizes the layout of spatial stacking faults and differentiated body materials to maintain the high self-sharpening property of the cutter, thereby solving the current problem of being unable to maintain continuous and efficient cutting due to the blunting of the cutter. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes a spatial stacking fault type strong self-sharpening rock breaking cutting for soft to medium hard rocks, which utilizes the layout of spatial stacking faults and differentiated body materials to maintain the high self-sharpening property of the cutting teeth, thereby solving the current problem of being unable to maintain continuous and efficient cutting due to the blunting of the cutting teeth.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve this problem is: a spatially stacked faulted strong self-sharpening rock-breaking cutting tooth suitable for hard formations, which is composed of a high-hardness particle diamond layer and a spatially stacked fault diamond matrix. The skeleton in the center of the high-hardness particle diamond layer connects the ear body extending outward into a whole.

[0006] The uneven surface of the ear body is provided with a sintering contact surface A and a sintering contact surface B, and the angle between the sintering surface and the axis of the cutting tooth is generally 0-30°.

[0007] The spatially stacked fault diamond matrix has a main cutting ridge and a secondary cutting ridge. Randomly distributed micro holes are arranged on the surfaces of the main cutting ridge and the secondary cutting ridge. In addition, the main cutting ridge and the secondary cutting ridge also have lateral cutting arc edges.

[0008] The axial projection surfaces of the main cutting ridge and the auxiliary cutting ridge are drum-shaped, rectangular, trapezoidal and hyperbolic.

[0009] The sintering contact surface A is sintered and matched with the second fault plane surface of the spatial stacking fault diamond matrix.

[0010] The sintering contact surface B is sintered and matched with the first fault plane surface of the spatial stacking fault diamond matrix.

[0011] After the sintering contact surface A is sintered with the second staggered surface, and the sintering contact surface B is sintered with the first staggered surface of the spatially staggered diamond matrix, the end face is flush with the surface of the main cutting ridge.

[0012] The main cutting ridges and the secondary cutting ridges are distributed alternately, the height of the main cutting ridges is 5-15 mm higher than that of the secondary cutting ridges, and the outer diameters of the main cutting ridges and the secondary cutting ridges may be different.

[0013] There may be 1 to 3 secondary cutting ridges 22 between two primary cutting ridges.

[0014] The number of main cutting ridges is at least 4, and the number of secondary cutting ridges is at least the same as the number of main cutting ridges.

[0015] The micro holes have a maximum diameter of 0.2-2 mm, a depth of 8-20 mm, and a maximum distance between adjacent micro holes of 1-3 mm; the micro holes are regular and irregular triangles, quadrilaterals, and pentagons.

[0016] The lateral cutting arc edges of the main cutting ridge and the secondary cutting ridge also cut the rock.

[0017] When using the cutting teeth to cut and break rocks in hard formations:

[0018] When the cutting teeth are not worn out, the main cutting ridges of the high-hardness diamond layer and the spatially faulted diamond matrix cut the rock.

[0019] After drilling for a period of time, the cutting teeth are worn. Since the hardness of the high-hardness diamond layer 1 is higher than that of the spatially stacked fault diamond matrix, the main cutting ridges of the spatially stacked fault diamond matrix are worn first during the cutting process, and the micro holes on the main cutting ridges have sharp edges, which reflects a high degree of self-sharpening.

[0020] In addition, after the high-hardness diamond layer is worn, the tooth surface will collapse and an uneven cutting surface will appear, which will continue to maintain efficient cutting under the combined action of the micro-holes.

[0021] As the degree of wear further intensifies, the main cutting ridge is also worn and blunted, and the secondary cutting ridge begins to cut hard rock.

[0022] The cutting teeth always have sharp cutting edges during the drilling process to ensure efficient rock cutting.

[0023] It can be seen from the technical solution provided by the present invention that, compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a spatial stacking fault type strong self-sharpening rock breaking cutting tooth suitable for hard formations, which utilizes the layout of spatial stacking faults and differentiated cutting body materials to solve the current problems of blunting of cutting teeth and inability to maintain a continuously sharp cutting edge and poor applicability to soft, medium and hard rocks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 The cutting tooth overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the high-hardness particle diamond layer of the present invention from a first perspective;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the high-hardness particle diamond layer of the present invention after working and wearing;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the spatial stacking fault diamond matrix of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the axial projection structure of the main cutting ridge and the secondary cutting ridge of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the spatially stacked fault diamond matrix cutting rock of the present invention;

[0030] 1. High-hardness particle diamond layer, 2. Spatial faulted diamond matrix, 5. Rock, 11. Sintered contact surface A, 12. Sintered contact surface B, 13. Ear body, 14. Skeleton, 15. End face, 16. Uneven cutting surface, 21. Main cutting ridge, 22. Secondary cutting ridge, 23. Second faulted surface, 24. Micro holes, 25. Lateral cutting arc ridge, 26. First faulted surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] The specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are only used for the purpose of explaining the present invention and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention in any way. Under the guidance of the present invention, technicians can conceive of any possible changes based on the present invention, which should be regarded as belonging to the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can also be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the internal communication of two elements, it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "up", "down", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for illustrative purposes and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0034] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0035] like Figure 1-6 A spatially stacked faulted strong self-sharpening rock-breaking cutting tooth suitable for hard formations is composed of a high-hardness particle diamond layer 1 and a spatially stacked fault diamond matrix 2. The skeleton 14 in the center of the high-hardness particle diamond layer 1 connects the ear body 13 extending outward into a whole.

[0036] A sintering contact surface A11 and a sintering contact surface B12 are distributed on the uneven surface of the ear body 13 , and the angle between the sintering surface and the axis of the cutting tooth is generally 0-30°.

[0037] The spatially stacked fault diamond matrix 2 has a main cutting ridge 21 and a secondary cutting ridge 22 , on the surfaces of which there are randomly distributed micro holes 24 , and in addition, the main cutting ridge 21 and the secondary cutting ridge 22 also have lateral cutting arc ridges 25 .

[0038] like Figure 5 As shown, the axial projection surfaces of the main cutting ridge 21 and the secondary cutting ridge 22 are drum-shaped, rectangular, trapezoidal and hyperbolic.

[0039] The sintering contact surface A11 is sintered and matched with the second fault plane surface 23 of the spatial stacking fault diamond matrix 2 .

[0040] The sintering contact surface B12 is sintered and matched with the first fault plane surface 26 of the spatially stacked fault diamond matrix 2 .

[0041] After the sintering contact surface A11 is sintered and matched with the second fault plane 23 and the sintering contact surface B12 is sintered and matched with the first fault plane 26 of the spatial stacking fault diamond matrix 2 , the end surface 15 is flush with the surface of the main cutting ridge 21 .

[0042] The main cutting ridges 21 and the secondary cutting ridges 22 are arranged alternately. The height of the main cutting ridges 21 is 5-15 mm higher than that of the secondary cutting ridges 22. The outer diameters of the main cutting ridges 21 and the secondary cutting ridges 22 may be different.

[0043] There may be 1 to 3 secondary cutting ridges 22 between two primary cutting ridges 21 .

[0044] The number of the main cutting ridges 21 is at least 4, and the number of the secondary cutting ridges 22 is at least the same as the number of the main cutting ridges 21 .

[0045] The micro holes 24 have a maximum diameter of 0.2-2 mm, a depth of 8-20 mm, and a maximum distance between adjacent micro holes 24 of 1-3 mm. The micro holes 24 are regular or irregular triangles, quadrilaterals, or pentagons.

[0046] The lateral cutting arc edges 25 of the main cutting ridges 21 and the secondary cutting ridges 22 also cut the rock.

[0047] When the cutting teeth are used to cut and break rocks in hard formations, before the cutting teeth are worn out, the main cutting ridges 21 of the high-hardness diamond layer 1 and the spatially faulted diamond matrix 2 cut the rocks. At this time, the cutting teeth have sharp cutting edges, which can achieve efficient cutting and breaking of rocks.

[0048] like Figure 6 As shown, the cutting teeth are worn after drilling for a period of time. Since the hardness of the high-hardness particle diamond layer 1 is higher than that of the spatially stacked diamond matrix 2, the main cutting ridges 21 of the spatially stacked diamond matrix 2 are worn first during the cutting process, and the micro holes 24 on the main cutting ridges 21 have sharp edges, reflecting a high degree of self-sharpening.

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, the high-hardness diamond layer 1 will undergo tooth surface collapse after a gradual wear process, followed by the appearance of an uneven cutting surface 16 , which, in conjunction with the micro holes 24 , maintains efficient cutting.

[0050] As the use time continues to increase, the wear degree of the cutting teeth is further aggravated, and the main cutting ridge 21 is also worn and blunted. At this time, the secondary cutting ridge 22 begins to cut hard rock, and the micro holes 24 of the secondary cutting ridge 22 will also have sharp cutting edges, ensuring that the cutting teeth have sharp cutting edges to interact with the rock.

[0051] The cutting teeth always have sharp cutting edges during the drilling process to ensure efficient rock cutting.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the spirit and principle of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spatially stacked faulted strong self-sharpening rock-breaking cutting tooth suitable for hard formations, comprising a high-hardness particle diamond layer (1) and a spatially stacked faulted diamond matrix (2), wherein a skeleton (14) in the center of the high-hardness particle diamond layer (1) connects an ear body (13) extending outward to form a whole; a sintered contact surface A (11) and a sintered contact surface B (12) are provided on the ear body (13); the spatially stacked faulted diamond matrix (2) has a main cutting ridge (21) and a secondary cutting ridge (22), and a main cutting ridge (21) and a secondary cutting ridge (22) are provided on the ear body (13); There are randomly distributed micro holes (24) on the surface of the ridge (22), and in addition, the main cutting ridge (21) and the secondary cutting ridge (22) also have lateral cutting arc ridges (25); the axial projection surfaces of the main cutting ridge (21) and the secondary cutting ridge (22) are drum-shaped, rectangular, trapezoidal and hyperbolic; the sintering contact surface A (11) is sintered with the second faulted surface (23) of the spatially stacked faulted diamond matrix (2), and the sintering contact surface B (12) is sintered with the first faulted surface (26) of the spatially stacked faulted diamond matrix (2); When the cutting teeth are used to cut and break rocks in hard formations, before the cutting teeth are worn, the high-hardness particle diamond layer (1) and the main cutting ridges (21) of the spatially stacked fault diamond matrix (2) cut the rocks; after drilling for a period of time, the cutting teeth are worn. Since the hardness of the high-hardness particle diamond layer (1) is higher than that of the spatially stacked fault diamond matrix (2), the main cutting ridges (21) of the spatially stacked fault diamond matrix (2) are worn first during the cutting process, and the micro holes (24) on the main cutting ridges (21) have sharp edges, which reflects a high degree of self-sharpening. In addition, after the high-hardness particle diamond layer (1) is worn, the tooth surface will collapse and an uneven cutting surface (16) will appear, which continuously maintains efficient cutting under the action of the micro holes (24); as the degree of wear further increases, the main cutting ridges (21) are also worn and blunted, and at this time, the secondary cutting ridges (22) begin to cut hard rocks; during the drilling process, the cutting teeth always have sharp cutting edges to ensure efficient cutting and breaking of rocks.

2. According to claim 1, a spatially staggered strong self-sharpening rock-breaking cutting tooth suitable for hard formations, characterized in that: After the sintering contact surface A (11) is sintered and matched with the second faulted surface (23), and the sintering contact surface B (12) is sintered and matched with the first faulted surface (26) of the spatially faulted diamond matrix (2), the end surface (15) is flush with the surface of the main cutting ridge (21).

3. The spatially stacked strong self-sharpening rock-breaking cutting tooth suitable for hard formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main cutting ridges (21) and the secondary cutting ridges (22) are arranged in a staggered manner, and the height of the main cutting ridges (21) is 5-15 mm higher than that of the secondary cutting ridges (22); and there are 1-3 secondary cutting ridges 22 between two main cutting ridges 21.

4. The spatially stacked strong self-sharpening rock-breaking cutting tooth suitable for hard formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the main cutting ridges (21) is at least 4, and the number of the secondary cutting ridges (22) is at least the same as the number of the main cutting ridges (21).

5. The spatially stacked strong self-sharpening rock-breaking cutting tooth suitable for hard formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micro holes (24) have a maximum diameter of 0.2-2 mm, a depth of 8-20 mm, and a maximum distance between adjacent micro holes (24) of 1-3 mm; the micro holes (24) are circular, regular or irregular triangles, quadrilaterals, and pentagons.

6. The spatially stacked strong self-sharpening rock-breaking cutting tooth suitable for hard formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lateral cutting arc edges (25) of the main cutting ridge (21) and the secondary cutting ridge (22) also cut the rock.

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