Coal caving end support and coal caving method for top coal caving working face

Abstract

This invention discloses a coal caving end support and coal caving method for a top coal caving face, comprising a support body, a net breaking device, and a roof breaking device. The support body includes a top beam and a base. The net breaking device includes a cantilever beam, a swing jack, a telescopic beam, a telescopic jack, and a cutter. The cantilever beam is rotatably connected to the top beam. The swing jack is connected between the top beam and the cantilever beam and is used to drive the cantilever beam to swing up and down. The telescopic beam is slidably mounted on the cantilever beam. The telescopic jack is connected between the cantilever beam and the telescopic beam and is used to drive the telescopic beam to slide relative to the cantilever beam. The cutter is located at the free end of the telescopic beam. The roof breaking device includes a column base, an impact column, and a column jack. The column base is connected to the rear of the base. The impact column is rotatably mounted on the column base. The column jack is connected between the column base and the impact column. The end support of this invention can realize net breaking and roof breaking operations in the triangular area of ​​the working face, avoiding large-area overhang situations caused by large lag in roof collapse.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal seam mining, and in particular to a coal caving end support and a coal caving method for a top coal caving working face. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the advancement of the coal mining face, masonry beams will be formed on the old roof of the transport end along the direction of the working face, thus forming an arc-shaped triangular plate structure after the end of the working face is broken. In addition, the roof collapse lag is large, and it is very easy to have a large area of ​​suspended roof at a stage, which can easily cause gas accumulation and sudden roof collapse accidents, directly affecting the normal mining and safe production of the working face.

[0003] Secondly, with the continuous advancement of comprehensive caving technology, the top coal caving process is also constantly improving. Since the resource recovery rate will increase accordingly with the increase in mining height, the utilization rate of top coal caving equipment is constantly increasing, which greatly reduces the waste of resources in the previous working face. However, with the increase in the mining height of the working face, the contradiction between tunnel support and unloading has become more prominent. The top coal caving working face requires a tunnel anchor net support method with higher support quality, but the anchor net support cannot collapse in time with the advancement of the working face, resulting in the problem of top coal recovery in the "triangle area" at the end.

[0004] At present, the mining company usually uses anchor withdrawal devices to destroy the support, but the application effect is not good in actual production, and the protection measures for personnel safety are not sufficient, which cannot meet the actual needs in production. In order to solve the problem of the roof being difficult to collapse in the end area of ​​heavy-duty comprehensive mining, the existing technology also requires the original top net to be removed first, and then the top plate of the masonry beam is destroyed by rapid impact and other methods. The overall operation is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the overall work intensity of the operator is high. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0006] To this end, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a coal-laying end support for a top coal-laying working face, which can realize the breaking of the net and the roof in the triangular area of ​​the working face, avoiding the large lag in roof collapse and the occurrence of large areas of hanging roof, thereby improving the recovery rate of coal resources and ensuring the normal recovery and safe production of the working face.

[0007] The embodiment of the present invention further proposes a coal caving method based on the above-mentioned coal caving end support of the top coal caving working face.

[0008] The coal caving end support of the top coal caving working face of the embodiment of the present invention comprises a support body, a mesh breaking device and a top breaking device, wherein the support body comprises a top beam and a base;

[0009] The net breaking device comprises a cantilever beam, a swing jack, a telescopic beam, a telescopic jack and a cutter;

[0010] The cantilever beam is rotatably connected to the top beam, the swing jack is connected between the top beam and the cantilever beam and is used to drive the cantilever beam to swing up and down, the telescopic beam is slidably mounted on the cantilever beam, the telescopic jack is connected between the cantilever beam and the telescopic beam and is used to drive the telescopic beam to slide relative to the cantilever beam, and the cutter is provided at the free end of the telescopic beam and is used to cut the anchor net;

[0011] The top breaking device includes a column seat, an impact column and a column jack;

[0012] The column seat is connected to the rear of the base, the impact column is rotatably assembled on the column seat, the column jack is connected between the column seat and the impact column and is used to adjust the pitch angle of the column jack, and after the cutter cuts the anchor net, the column jack is used to impact and destroy the top plate.

[0013] In some embodiments, the top beam includes a main beam and a secondary beam, the secondary beam is assembled on one side of the main beam in the width direction, the cantilever beam is rotatably assembled on the rear end of the secondary beam, and the swing jack is arranged on the bottom sides of the secondary beam and the cantilever beam and connected between the secondary beam and the cantilever beam.

[0014] In some embodiments, a first lug is provided on the bottom side of the sub-beam, a first partition is provided on the cantilever beam, a second lug is provided on the side of the first partition facing the sub-beam, one end of the swing jack is rotatably connected to the first lug, and the other end of the swing jack is rotatably connected to the second lug.

[0015] In some embodiments, a third lug is provided on the side of the first partition facing the telescopic beam, a second partition is provided on the free end of the telescopic beam, a fourth lug is provided on the side of the second partition facing the first partition, one end of the telescopic jack is rotatably connected to the third lug, the other end of the telescopic jack is rotatably connected to the fourth lug, and the tool is provided on the side of the second partition away from the fourth lug.

[0016] In some embodiments, the column seat is connected to the base via a connecting piece, one end of the connecting piece is rotatably connected to the rear end of the base, and the other end of the connecting piece is rotatably connected to the column seat.

[0017] In some embodiments, the column seat includes a front boss and a rear boss arranged relatively to each other in the front-to-back direction, the front boss is located between the base and the rear boss, a groove is defined between the front boss and the rear boss, the end of the impact column is rotatably assembled in the groove, and the connecting piece is rotatably connected to the front boss.

[0018] In some embodiments, a fifth lug is disposed on the top of the front boss, a sixth lug is disposed on the side wall of the impact column, one end of the column jack is rotatably connected to the fifth lug, and the other end of the column jack is rotatably connected to the sixth lug.

[0019] In some embodiments, the column base comprises:

[0020] Two side plates and a bottom plate, the two side plates are arranged opposite to each other in the width direction of the column seat, the front boss and the rear boss are arranged between the two side plates, the bottom plate is arranged on the bottom sides of the two side plates, and the width of the bottom plate is greater than the distance between the two side plates;

[0021] A reinforcing plate is arranged on the outer side of the side plate and connected between the side plate and the bottom plate.

[0022] In some embodiments, the support body further comprises a plurality of lifting jacks, a shielding beam and a plurality of connecting rods, wherein the plurality of lifting jacks are connected between the top beam and the base, the top end of the shielding beam is rotatably connected to the top beam, and the plurality of connecting rods are connected between the shielding beam and the base;

[0023] And / or, comprising a hydraulic system, wherein the hydraulic system is connected to the impact column and is used to drive the impact column to perform an impact action.

[0024] The coal caving method of the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0025] The cantilever beam is driven to swing by swinging the jack, and the extension direction of the telescopic beam is aligned with the anchor net;

[0026] The telescopic beam and the cutter are driven to move by the telescopic jack until the cutter cuts the anchor net;

[0027] The impact column is driven to swing by the column jack to adjust the impact angle of the impact column;

[0028] operating the impact column in a normal motion mode and bringing the impact end of the impact column closer to the top plate;

[0029] When the impact end of the impact column is at a set distance from the top plate, the impact column is operated in a high-speed motion mode to impact and destroy the top plate, and the operating speed of the high-speed motion mode is higher than the operating speed of the ordinary motion mode;

[0030] After the impact is completed, the impact column is operated in a normal motion mode to achieve the retraction of the impact column;

[0031] Repeat the above steps until the top is broken.

[0032] The coal-laying end support and coal-laying method of the top coal-laying working face of the embodiment of the present invention, especially the top coal-laying mining process of the full working face with the end support for coal-laying in the "triangle area", has good mesh-breaking and roof-breaking effects. The present invention includes a mesh-breaking and roof-breaking system, and the mesh-breaking device is installed at the top beam. Through the movement of the swing jack and the telescopic jack control system, the end tool can be controlled to effectively cut the top mesh. The top-breaking device is installed on a column seat connected to the base, and the column jack is used to control the posture of the impact column, so that the top-breaking position can be freely controlled. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the end bracket of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a mesh breaking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a roof breaking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the column seat of the roof breaking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 5 It is a partial flow chart of the coal placing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Reference numerals:

[0039] 1- bracket body; 11- top beam; 111- main beam; 112- secondary beam; 1121- first lug; 12- base; 13- lifting jack; 14- shield beam; 15- connecting rod;

[0040] 2-net breaking device; 21-cantilever beam; 211-first partition; 2111-second lug; 2112-third lug; 22-swing jack; 23-telescopic beam; 231-second partition; 2311-fourth lug; 24-telescopic jack; 25-knife;

[0041] 3-top breaking device; 31-column seat; 311-front boss; 3111-fifth lug; 3112-seventh lug; 312-side plate; 313-bottom plate; 314-reinforcement plate; 315-rear boss; 316-groove; 32-impact column; 321-sixth lug; 33-column jack; 34-connecting piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the coal caving end support of the top coal caving working face of the embodiment of the present invention comprises a support body 1, a mesh breaking device 2 and a top breaking device 3, and the support body 1 comprises a top beam 11 and a base 12. Specifically, the support body 1 can be a hydraulic support, the top beam 11 can be arranged above the base 12, and the top beam 11 and the base 12 can be spliced ​​into a box-type structure by steel plates or the like.

[0044] A lifting jack 13 may be provided between the top beam 11 and the base 12. More than two lifting jacks 13 may be provided. The top end of each lifting jack 13 may be hinged to the top beam 11, and the bottom end of each lifting jack 13 may be hinged to the base 12. The lifting and lowering adjustment of the top beam 11 may be achieved by telescoping the lifting jacks 13.

[0045] The mesh breaking device 2 can be installed on the top beam 11, such as Figure 2 As shown, the net breaking device 2 includes a cantilever beam 21, a swing jack 22, a telescopic beam 23, a telescopic jack 24 and a cutter 25. The cantilever beam 21 and the telescopic beam 23 can be assembled into a box-shaped structure by steel plates or the like.

[0046] The cantilever beam 21 is rotatably connected to the top beam 11. For example, the cantilever beam 21 can be rotatably assembled on the side or rear of the top beam 11 by a pin shaft, and the pin shaft used to assemble the cantilever beam 21 can generally extend in the left-right direction. The swing jack 22 is connected between the top beam 11 and the cantilever beam 21 and is used to drive the cantilever beam 21 to swing up and down. For example, one end of the swing jack 22 can be hinged to the top beam 11, and the other end of the swing jack 22 can be hinged to the cantilever beam 21. When in use, the extension and retraction of the swing jack 22 can achieve the upward pushing or downward pulling of the cantilever beam 21, thereby achieving the up and down swing adjustment of the cantilever beam 21.

[0047] The telescopic beam 23 is slidably mounted on the cantilever beam 21, the telescopic jack 24 is connected between the cantilever beam 21 and the telescopic beam 23 and is used to drive the telescopic beam 23 to slide relative to the cantilever beam, and the cutter 25 is provided at the free end of the telescopic beam 23 and is used to cut the anchor net.

[0048] For example, the telescopic beam 23 can be slidably assembled in the cantilever beam 21, and the rear end of the cantilever beam 21 can be provided with an opening, and the telescopic beam 23 can extend out of the cantilever beam 21 from the rear opening. One end of the telescopic jack 24 can be hinged to the cantilever beam 21, and the other end of the telescopic jack 24 can be hinged to the telescopic beam 23. When in use, the telescopic beam 23 can be slidably driven by the telescopic jack 24, and the overall length of the cantilever beam 21 and the telescopic beam 23 can be adjusted.

[0049] The cutter 25 may be a blade or the like, and the cutter 25 may be fixed to the free end of the telescopic beam 23. When the telescopic beam 23 is extended under the action of the telescopic jack 24, the cutter 25 may be pressed onto the anchor net, thereby achieving cutting of the anchor net.

[0050] The top breaking device 3 can be connected to the rear of the base 12, such as Figure 3 As shown, the roof breaking device 3 includes a column seat 31 , an impact column 32 and a column jack 33 .

[0051] The column seat 31 is connected to the rear of the base 12, the impact column 32 is rotatably assembled on the column seat 31, the column jack 33 is connected between the column seat 31 and the impact column 32 and is used to adjust the pitch angle of the column jack 33, and after the cutter 25 cuts the anchor net, the column jack 33 is used to impact and destroy the top plate.

[0052] For example, the column seat 31 may be a box-shaped structure as a whole and may be assembled by steel plates, etc. The column seat 31 may be hinged at the rear of the base 12. When the base 12 moves, the column seat 31 may also move synchronously with the base 12. The impact column 32 may be provided on the column seat 31 and generally extend upward. The column jack 33 may be provided at the front side of the impact column 32, one end of the column jack 33 may be hinged to the impact column 32, and the other end of the column jack 33 may be hinged to the column seat 31.

[0053] When in use, the impact column 32 can be driven to swing by the extension and contraction of the column jack 33, so as to adjust the impact direction of the impact column 32. It should be noted that when in use, the anchor net can be cut or split by the cutter 25 of the net breaking device 2, and then the top breaking device 3 can be used to break the top plate.

[0054] The end support of the embodiment of the present invention can realize the mesh breaking and roof breaking operations in the triangular area of ​​the working face, avoiding the large lag in roof collapse and the occurrence of large areas of hanging roof, improving the recovery rate of coal resources, and ensuring the normal recovery and safe production of the working face.

[0055] In some embodiments, the top beam 11 includes a main beam 111 and a sub-beam 112, the sub-beam 112 is assembled on one side of the main beam 111 in the width direction, the cantilever beam 21 is rotatably assembled on the rear end of the sub-beam 112, and the swing jack 22 is arranged on the bottom side of the sub-beam 112 and the cantilever beam 21 and is connected between the sub-beam 112 and the cantilever beam 21.

[0056] For example, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the sub-beam 112 can be fixed to the left side of the main beam 111. For example, the sub-beam 112 can be fixed to the middle of the left side of the main beam 111 by welding, fastener fixing, etc., and the overall length dimension of the sub-beam 112 in the front-to-back direction is smaller than the length dimension of the main beam 111 in the front-to-back direction.

[0057] The cantilever beam 21 can be pivotally mounted on the rear end of the secondary beam 112, and the swing jack 22 can be hidden under the secondary beam 112 and the cantilever beam 21, so that the secondary beam 112 and the cantilever beam 21 play a protective role, avoiding the situation where gangue and the like fall on the swing jack 22 and easily cause damage. The setting of the secondary beam 112 can make the cantilever beam 21 and the main beam 111 partially overlap in the left and right directions, thereby reducing the overall length of the end bracket, which is conducive to moving the frame and improving the flexibility of use.

[0058] In some embodiments, a first lug 1121 is provided on the bottom side of the sub-beam 112, a first partition 211 is provided on the cantilever beam 21, a second lug 2111 is provided on the side of the first partition 211 facing the sub-beam 112, one end of the swing jack 22 is rotatably connected to the first lug 1121, and the other end of the swing jack 22 is rotatably connected to the second lug 2111.

[0059] For example, Figure 2 As shown, the first lug 1121 can be fixed on the bottom wall of the auxiliary beam 112, and the first lug 1121 can include two lug plates arranged opposite to each other in the left-right direction, and the outer peripheral side of the first lug 1121 can be structurally reinforced by a triangular rib plate, etc. The bottom side of the cantilever beam 21 can also be open, the first partition plate 211 can be arranged in the cantilever beam 21, and the second lug 2111 can be arranged on the front side of the first partition plate 211, and the second lug 2111 can also include two lug plates arranged opposite to each other in the left-right direction.

[0060] During assembly, the front end of the swing jack 22 can be rotatably assembled in the two ear plates of the first lug 1121 , and the rear end of the swing jack 22 can be rotatably assembled in the two ear plates of the second lug 2111 .

[0061] In some embodiments, Figure 2As shown, the first partition 211 is provided with a third lug 2112 on the side facing the telescopic beam 23, specifically, the third lug 2112 can be provided on the rear side of the first partition 211, the free end of the telescopic beam 23 is provided with a second partition 231, the second partition 231 is provided with a fourth lug 2311 on the side facing the first partition 211, specifically, the fourth lug 2311 can be provided on the front side of the second partition 231, the front end of the telescopic jack 24 is rotatably connected to the third lug 2112, the rear end of the telescopic jack 24 is rotatably connected to the fourth lug 2311, and the cutter 25 is provided on the side of the second partition 231 away from the fourth lug 2311, that is, the cutter 25 is provided on the rear side of the second partition 231. This facilitates the assembly of the telescopic jack 24.

[0062] In some embodiments, the column seat 31 is connected to the base 12 via a connector 34 , one end of the connector 34 is rotatably connected to the rear end of the base 12 , and the other end of the connector 34 is rotatably connected to the column seat 31 .

[0063] For example, Figure 3 As shown, the connecting member 34 can be a connecting rod 15, etc. The front end of the connecting member 34 can be hinged to the rear end of the base 12, and the rear end of the connecting member 34 can be hinged to the column seat 31. The setting of the connecting member 34 can separate the column seat 31 and the base 12 to avoid contact and interference between the two.

[0064] Optionally, the connecting member 34 may also be a telescopic cylinder or other components, that is, the connecting member 34 as a whole can be telescopically adjusted, so that the front and rear positions of the column seat 31 can be adjusted during use, and further the front and rear positions of the impact cylinder can be adjusted.

[0065] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the column seat 31 includes a front boss 311 and a rear boss 315 which are arranged relatively to each other in the front-to-back direction. The front boss 311 and the rear boss 315 can be formed by splicing or bending sheet metal, etc. The front boss 311 is located between the base 12 and the rear boss 315, that is, the front boss 311 is located on the front side of the rear boss 315 and is arranged at an interval with the rear boss 315. A groove 316 is limited between the front boss 311 and the rear boss 315. The bottom end of the impact column 32 can be rotatably assembled in the groove 316, and the connecting piece 34 is rotatably connected to the front boss 311.

[0066] The setting of the front boss 311 and the rear boss 315 can, on the one hand, enhance the overall structural strength of the column seat 31, and on the other hand, realize the limit constraint on the front and rear swing stroke of the impact column 32, thereby avoiding the situation where a dead angle is easily caused in the driving of the column jack 33 when the swing amount is too large.

[0067] In some embodiments, Figure 4As shown, a fifth lug 3111 is provided on the top of the front boss 311, a sixth lug 321 is provided on the side wall of the impact column 32, and the sixth lug 321 can be specifically provided on the front side wall of the impact column 32, one end of the column jack 33 is rotatably connected to the fifth lug 3111, and the other end of the column jack 33 is rotatably connected to the sixth lug 321. Thus, a triangular structure can be formed between the column seat 31, the column jack 33 and the impact column 32, thereby ensuring the overall structural stability.

[0068] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, a seventh lug 3112 may be provided on the front side of the front boss 311 , and a rear end of the connecting member 34 may be hinged at the seventh lug 3112 .

[0069] In some embodiments, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the column base 31 includes two side plates 312 , a bottom plate 313 and a reinforcement plate 314 .

[0070] The two side plates 312 are arranged opposite to each other in the width direction (left-right direction) of the column seat 31, the front boss 311 and the rear boss 315 are arranged between the two side plates 312, the bottom plate 313 is arranged at the bottom side of the two side plates 312, and the width dimension of the bottom plate 313 is greater than the spacing between the two side plates 312, and the left and right sides of the bottom plate 313 are both beyond the two side plates 312. The reinforcing plate 314 is arranged at the outer side of the side plates 312 and connected between the side plates 312 and the bottom plate 313, thereby fully ensuring the overall structural strength of the column seat 31.

[0071] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the bracket body 1 also includes a shielding beam 14 and multiple connecting rods 15, multiple lifting jacks 13 are connected between the top beam and the base, the top end of the shielding beam 14 is rotatably connected to the top beam 11, and the multiple connecting rods 15 are connected between the shielding beam 14 and the base 12.

[0072] In some embodiments, the end bracket includes a hydraulic system, which is connected to the impact column 32 and is used to drive the impact column 32 to perform an impact action. For example, the hydraulic system includes a power unit, a crushing actuator, a no-load drive circuit, a crushing drive circuit, etc. The impact column 32 can include a normal motion mode and a high-speed motion mode during use. When the impact column 32 is in the normal motion mode, the hydraulic system uses the no-load drive circuit, and when the impact column 32 is in the high-speed motion mode, the hydraulic system uses the crushing drive circuit. In this way, different hydraulic circuits are used to achieve independent drive of different motion modes.

[0073] The coal placing method according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below.

[0074] The coal caving method of the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0075] S1: The cantilever beam 21 is driven to swing by the swing jack 22, and the extension direction of the telescopic beam 23 is aligned with the anchor net.

[0076] S2: The telescopic beam 23 and the cutter 25 are driven to move by the telescopic jack 24 until the cutter 25 cuts the anchor net. That is, the telescopic jack 24 can press the cutter 25 onto the anchor net, and the anchor net can be cut by the pressure applied by the telescopic jack 24.

[0077] S3: The impact column 32 is driven to swing by the column jack 33 to adjust the impact angle of the impact column 32. For example, the impact end of the impact column 32 can be aligned with the top plate exposed from the cut portion of the anchor net by the extension and contraction of the column jack 33, thereby facilitating the top impact destruction operation with the help of the impact column 32.

[0078] S4: Run the impact column 32 in a normal motion mode and move the impact end of the impact column 32 closer to the top plate. For example, the speed of the normal motion mode is relatively slow, thereby ensuring the overall stability of the impact column 32 during the process of moving forward a large distance.

[0079] S5: When the impact end of the impact column 32 is at a set distance from the top plate, the impact column 32 is operated in a high-speed motion mode to impact and destroy the top plate, and the operating speed of the high-speed motion mode is higher than that of the ordinary motion mode. Thus, the high-speed motion mode ensures the destruction effect on the top plate.

[0080] S6: After the impact is completed, the impact column 32 is operated in a normal motion mode to achieve the retraction of the impact column 32 .

[0081] S7: Repeat the above steps until the top is broken. Figure 5 shown.

[0082] A specific example of the end bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below.

[0083] In this embodiment, the description is given by taking the state where the end bracket is applied to the working surface of the tunnel. Figure 1 As shown, the end bracket for installing the net breaking device 2 and the top breaking device 3 includes a base 12, a top beam 11 and a shielding beam 14. The base 12 and the top beam 11 are connected by a lifting jack 13. The bottom and top ends of the lifting jack 13 are hinged to the base 12 and the top beam 11 respectively. The top end of the shielding beam 14 is hinged to the top beam 11. The shielding beam 14 and the base 12 are connected by a connecting rod 15. The two ends of the connecting rod 15 are hinged to the base 12 and the shielding beam 14 respectively.

[0084] In this embodiment, if Figures 1 to 3As shown, the net breaking device 2 of the end bracket includes a top beam 11, a cantilever beam 21, a telescopic beam 23, a swing jack 22, a telescopic jack 24 and a cutter 25. The front end of the cantilever beam 21 is hinged to the top beam 11, and the top beam 11 and the cantilever beam 21 are connected through the swing jack 22. One end of the swing jack 22 is hinged to the first lug 1121 on the top beam 11, and the other end of the swing jack 22 is hinged to the second lug 2111 on the cantilever beam 21. The extension and contraction of the swing jack 22 can control the upward and downward movement of the cantilever beam 21.

[0085] The telescopic beam 23 is placed in the rear opening of the cantilever beam 21. The cantilever beam 21 and the telescopic beam 23 are connected via a telescopic jack 24. One end of the telescopic jack 24 is hinged to the third lug 2112 on the cantilever beam 21, and the other end of the telescopic jack 24 is hinged to the fourth lug 2311 on the telescopic beam 23. The extension and contraction of the telescopic beam 23 can be controlled by extending and contracting the telescopic jack 24.

[0086] The tool 25 is fixed to the rear end of the telescopic beam 23 by a pin shaft, and the working angle of the tool 25 is controlled by the swing jack 22, and the extension and retraction of the tool 25 is controlled by the telescopic jack 24. Through the combined action of the swing jack 22 and the telescopic jack 24, the tool 25 at the right end of the telescopic beam 23 is controlled to cut and shear the top net of the working face tunnel at a specific angle, thereby achieving a better net breaking effect.

[0087] In this embodiment, as shown in 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the top breaking device 3 of the end bracket includes a base 12, a high-speed column (which can be regarded as an impact column 32), a column seat 31 and a column jack 33. The rear side of the base 12 is connected to the column seat 31, the bottom end of the high-speed column is hinged to the column seat 31, the side of the high-speed column and the column seat 31 are connected through the column jack 33, the bottom end of the column jack 33 is connected to the fifth lug 3111 on the column seat 31, and the top end of the column jack 33 is connected to the sixth lug 321 on the high-speed column. The high-speed column can be adjusted to an angle with the vertical direction by the extension and contraction of the column jack 33, so as to realize the control of the top plate breaking position.

[0088] When in use, the end bracket moves slowly as the working surface advances forward, the cantilever beam 21 is hinged on the top beam 11, and the cantilever beam 21 can be controlled to be lifted up or swung down by extending or retracting the swing jack 22, thereby controlling the working angle of the tool 25, and the telescopic beam 23 is placed in the rear opening of the cantilever beam 21, and the telescopic jack 24 can be extended or retracted to control the extension or retraction of the telescopic beam 23 relative to the cantilever beam 21, thereby controlling the extension and retraction of the tool 25. The high-speed column is hinged on the column seat 31, and the column seat 31 is fixed to the rear end of the base 12. The high-speed column can be controlled to adjust its direction at a certain angle by extending or retracting the column jack 33.

[0089] When the net breaking device 2 is working, the swing jack 22 is controlled to extend so that the cantilever beam 21 is lifted up, thereby controlling the cutter 25 to reach a suitable working angle, and the telescopic jack 24 is extended to push the telescopic beam 23 to extend, thereby controlling the cutter 25 at the right end of the telescopic beam 23 to reach the specified working position and perform shearing to destroy the top net on the top plate;

[0090] When the top breaking device 3 is working, the impact position of the high-speed column is adjusted by the extension and retraction of the column jack 33. The high-speed column first approaches the top plate in the normal movement mode under the control of the hydraulic system. When the distance between the high-speed column and the top plate meets the working requirements, the working mode of the high-speed column is switched to the high-speed movement mode, and the high-speed column is controlled to impact and destroy the top plate. Then, it is switched back to the normal movement mode to control the high-speed column to descend away from the top plate, and this working cycle is repeated at a certain period to achieve the effect of breaking the top plate.

[0091] Beneficial effects: The end support of the embodiment of the present invention can effectively break the top plate of the end area through the joint operation of the net breaking and top breaking devices. As the working surface advances forward, the cantilever beam swings up and down while the rear telescopic beam performs telescopic movement, which can effectively destroy the top net in the end area. The hydraulic system controls the high-speed column cycle to impact the top plate of the end head, which can effectively implement the collapse operation on the top plate of the end area. Compared with the operation of a single net breaking mechanism, the joint operation of the two systems can greatly improve the efficiency of top breaking, greatly enhance the reliability of top breaking operations, and further improve personnel safety.

[0092] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0093] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0094] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0095] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0096] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0097] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. Changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal caving end support for a top coal caving working face, characterized in that: It includes a support body, a mesh breaking device and a top breaking device, and the support body includes a top beam and a base; The net breaking device comprises a cantilever beam, a swing jack, a telescopic beam, a telescopic jack and a cutter; The cantilever beam is rotatably connected to the top beam, the swing jack is connected between the top beam and the cantilever beam and is used to drive the cantilever beam to swing up and down, the telescopic beam is slidably mounted on the cantilever beam, the telescopic jack is connected between the cantilever beam and the telescopic beam and is used to drive the telescopic beam to slide relative to the cantilever beam, and the cutter is provided at the free end of the telescopic beam and is used to cut the anchor net; The top breaking device includes a column seat, an impact column and a column jack; The column seat is connected to the rear of the base, the impact column is rotatably mounted on the column seat, the column jack is connected between the column seat and the impact column and is used to adjust the pitch angle of the column jack, and after the cutter cuts the anchor net, the column jack is used to impact and destroy the top plate; The method comprises the following steps: The cantilever beam is driven to swing by swinging the jack, and the extension direction of the telescopic beam is aligned with the anchor net; The telescopic beam and the cutter are driven to move by the telescopic jack until the cutter cuts the anchor net; The impact column is driven to swing by the column jack to adjust the impact angle of the impact column; operating the impact column in a normal motion mode and bringing the impact end of the impact column closer to the top plate; When the impact end of the impact column is at a set distance from the top plate, the impact column is operated in a high-speed motion mode to impact and destroy the top plate, and the operating speed of the high-speed motion mode is higher than the operating speed of the ordinary motion mode; After the impact is completed, the impact column is operated in a normal motion mode to achieve the retraction of the impact column; Repeat the above steps until the top is broken.

2. The coal caving end support for top coal caving working face according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top beam includes a main beam and a secondary beam, the secondary beam is assembled on one side of the main beam in the width direction, the cantilever beam is rotatably assembled on the rear end of the secondary beam, and the swing jack is arranged on the bottom sides of the secondary beam and the cantilever beam and connected between the secondary beam and the cantilever beam.

3. The coal caving end support for top coal caving working face according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first lug is provided on the bottom side of the auxiliary beam, a first partition is provided on the cantilever beam, a second lug is provided on the side of the first partition facing the auxiliary beam, one end of the swing jack is rotatably connected to the first lug, and the other end of the swing jack is rotatably connected to the second lug.

4. The coal caving end support for top coal caving working face according to claim 3, characterized in that: A third lug is provided on the side of the first partition facing the telescopic beam, a second partition is provided on the free end of the telescopic beam, a fourth lug is provided on the side of the second partition facing the first partition, one end of the telescopic jack is rotatably connected to the third lug, the other end of the telescopic jack is rotatably connected to the fourth lug, and the tool is provided on the side of the second partition away from the fourth lug.

5. The coal caving end support for top coal caving working face according to claim 1, characterized in that: The column seat is connected to the base through a connecting piece, one end of the connecting piece is rotatably connected to the rear end of the base, and the other end of the connecting piece is rotatably connected to the column seat.

6. The coal caving end support for top coal caving working face according to claim 5, characterized in that: The column seat includes a front boss and a rear boss arranged relatively to each other in the front-to-back direction, the front boss is located between the base and the rear boss, a groove is defined between the front boss and the rear boss, the end of the impact column is rotatably assembled in the groove, and the connecting piece is rotatably connected to the front boss.

7. The coal caving end support for top coal caving working face according to claim 6, characterized in that: A fifth lug is disposed on the top of the front boss, a sixth lug is disposed on the side wall of the impact column, one end of the column jack is rotatably connected to the fifth lug, and the other end of the column jack is rotatably connected to the sixth lug.

8. The coal caving end support for top coal caving working face according to claim 6, characterized in that: The column seat comprises: Two side plates and a bottom plate, the two side plates are arranged opposite to each other in the width direction of the column seat, the front boss and the rear boss are arranged between the two side plates, the bottom plate is arranged on the bottom sides of the two side plates, and the width of the bottom plate is greater than the distance between the two side plates; A reinforcing plate is arranged on the outer side of the side plate and connected between the side plate and the bottom plate.

9. The top coal caving working face caving end support according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The support body further comprises a plurality of lifting jacks, a shielding beam and a plurality of connecting rods, wherein the plurality of lifting jacks are connected between the top beam and the base, the top end of the shielding beam is rotatably connected to the top beam, and the plurality of connecting rods are connected between the shielding beam and the base; And / or, comprising a hydraulic system, wherein the hydraulic system is connected to the impact column and is used to drive the impact column to perform an impact action.

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