Construction environment dynamic monitoring system based on multiple scales

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-scale-based construction environment dynamic monitoring system, and relates to the technical field of construction environment monitoring, and the system comprises a data collection module which is used for collecting environment data through a sensor installed at a construction site and is also used for collecting construction data under different time scales, and a data processing module which is connected with the data collection module and is used for processing the construction data under different time scales. And the preprocessing module is used for preprocessing the environment data and the construction data to obtain multi-scale data. According to the construction environment dynamic monitoring system based on multiple scales, the construction environment can be comprehensively monitored in different space and time scales; therefore, the monitoring precision of the system is improved, the adaptability and the stability of the system in a complex environment are enhanced, the overall performance of the system is improved, the problems of efficient operation, real-time response and processing of frequent updating of multi-source data of the monitoring system in the complex environment are effectively solved, and the system is suitable for popularization and application. And a powerful guarantee is provided for safety management of a construction environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of construction environment monitoring, and in particular to a multi-scale-based dynamic monitoring system for a construction environment. Background Art

[0002] In the process of modern construction, with the continuous expansion of project scale and the complexity of construction technology, environmental safety issues at construction sites have received increasing attention; the construction environment not only involves a large number of physical factors, such as temperature, humidity, noise, vibration, etc., but also involves the behavior monitoring of personnel, the operating status of equipment and the dynamic changes of the external environment; due to the complex and rapidly changing conditions at the construction site, traditional monitoring systems often cannot meet the needs of current construction projects; most of these systems can only provide single-scale environmental monitoring or static data collection, and lack multi-scale and dynamic monitoring capabilities; therefore, how to obtain multi-source and multi-scale data information in real time in a complex construction environment, and on this basis, dynamically monitor, predict and warn environmental changes, has become a key technical issue in improving construction safety and management efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a multi-scale construction environment dynamic monitoring system, comprising:

[0004] The data acquisition module is used to collect environmental data through sensors installed at the construction site, where the sensors include temperature sensors, humidity sensors, gas detection sensors, noise sensors and vibration sensors; it is also used to collect construction data at different time scales, including real-time data, periodic data and historical data, to ensure comprehensive acquisition of various data information in the construction environment;

[0005] The data processing module is connected to the data acquisition module and is used to pre-process the environmental data and the construction data to obtain multi-scale data, and is also used to build a risk assessment model for the construction environment based on historical data and real-time data;

[0006] A real-time monitoring module, connected to the data processing module, for real-time monitoring in the construction environment, for updating the risk assessment model of the construction environment based on the dynamic results of the real-time monitoring, and for identifying potential dangers at the construction site based on potential risk points, and generating danger warning signals;

[0007] The early warning response module is used to receive the danger warning signal from the real-time monitoring module, generate construction adjustment instructions based on the danger warning signal, and transmit the construction adjustment instructions to the construction equipment terminal through the wireless network, control the operating status of the construction equipment and adjust the operation strategy to avoid or reduce the occurrence of risk events.

[0008] Preferably, the data acquisition module includes:

[0009] The spatial sensor deployment unit is used to deploy sensors at different spatial scales on the construction site. The sensors are calibrated based on environmental changes to ensure that a variety of environmental information (such as temperature, humidity, noise, vibration, etc.) is accurately acquired at multiple spatial scales. It is also used to manage the location information of the sensors to ensure that the data between different sensors will not be confused;

[0010] The time scale monitoring unit is used to collect environmental data and construction data at different time frequencies, and adjust the collection frequency based on the needs of the construction project. It is also used to monitor the instantaneous and long-term changes in the environment to ensure an in-depth understanding of the overall situation of the construction environment;

[0011] The data fusion unit is used to fuse the data information of multiple sensors to ensure the compatibility and consistency of multi-source data and provide reliable basic data for subsequent risk assessment.

[0012] Preferably, the process of calibrating the sensor based on environmental changes is as follows:

[0013] Determine the calibration time interval of the sensor according to the environmental change characteristics of the construction site and the accuracy requirements of the sensor; for temperature sensors and humidity sensors, calibration is performed every week due to slow environmental changes; and for gas detection sensors, noise sensors and vibration sensors, calibration is performed every day due to frequent environmental changes; use industry standards as calibration standards, for example, for temperature sensors, a high-precision thermometer can be used as the calibration standard; for humidity sensors, a humidity generator can be used as the calibration standard; select appropriate calibration standards to ensure the accuracy and reliability of calibration; based on the calibration time interval corresponding to the sensor, compare the sensor with the calibration standard, and adjust the sensor parameters so that its output value is consistent with the calibration standard; the specific operation steps are as follows:

[0014] Place the sensor in the same environment as the corresponding calibration standard to ensure consistent environmental conditions; obtain the output value of the sensor and the output value of the calibration standard, calculate the error between the two, and obtain the error value; according to the error value, adjust the parameters of the sensor, and make corresponding gain or offset adjustments to make the output value of the sensor close to the output value of the calibration standard; repeat the above steps until the error value between the output value of the sensor and the output value of the calibration standard falls within the preset allowable error range; after the calibration is completed, record the calibration results, which include the calibration time, calibration standard, sensor output value and error value; these records can be used for subsequent data analysis and quality control, and can also be used as a reference for the next calibration of the sensor.

[0015] Preferably, the process of managing sensor location information is as follows:

[0016] Before deploying sensors at the construction site, a sensor location database is established to store the location information of the sensors;

[0017] When deploying sensors, use GPS positioning equipment to mark the location coordinates of the sensors and enter the location coordinates into the sensor location database; at the same time, assign a unique identifier to each sensor, and manage and identify each sensor through the unique identifier;

[0018] During the construction process, the location of the sensor will change due to changes in the construction site. Based on this, wireless communication technology is used to transmit the location information of the sensor to the central control system, which updates and manages the location information and updates the location information of the sensor in real time to ensure the accuracy of the location information.

[0019] Finally, mark the identifier on the sensor and associate the identifier with the location information; and during the data collection and transmission process, transmit the sensor's identifier and location information together to ensure that the source and location of the data are traceable; and regularly check and verify the sensor's location information, and correct it in time if the location is wrong or confused; in order to prevent confusion between data from different sensors, the sensor's location information is strictly managed through the above operations.

[0020] Preferably, the time scale monitoring unit adjusts the acquisition frequency based on the construction project requirements:

[0021] Analyze the construction project to determine the degree of demand for environmental data at different stages and links; determine key environmental indicators based on the needs of the construction project and set corresponding thresholds; for example, for noise monitoring, set an acceptable noise level threshold; for air quality monitoring, set a threshold for particulate matter concentration indicators; these thresholds will serve as an important basis for adjusting the collection frequency. When the environmental data approaches or exceeds the threshold, the collection frequency needs to be increased to strengthen monitoring; formulate a collection frequency adjustment mechanism to dynamically adjust the collection frequency according to different situations, corresponding to different construction stages and environmental conditions, wherein the collection frequency gear is set, and the collection frequency gear includes collecting once a week, collecting once a day, and collecting once at a set time, and the collection frequency gears correspond to low-frequency collection mode, medium-frequency collection mode, and high-frequency collection mode respectively; wherein a set time corresponds to the high-frequency collection mode, and a set time is a countdown mechanism for manually setting the collection time interval, which is used to flexibly adjust the trigger frequency of the high-frequency collection mode in response to project needs, construction stages, and temporary needs of construction links; wherein, when the environmental data in the construction project fluctuates abnormally, switch to the high-frequency real-time data collection mode; when the environmental conditions are relatively stable, switch to the low-frequency long-term period data collection mode.

[0022] Preferably, the process of determining the degree of demand for environmental data at different stages and links is as follows:

[0023] Collect project information for construction, including project design plan, construction drawings, and engineering schedule; divide the construction project into three construction stages: foundation construction, main structure construction, and decoration and decoration construction according to the project information; clarify the main tasks and work content for each construction stage; the foundation construction stage includes earth excavation and foundation treatment; the main structure construction stage includes concrete pouring and steel structure installation; the decoration and decoration construction stage includes interior decoration, indoor facility installation, furniture and decoration placement, and cleaning and acceptance;

[0024] During the foundation construction phase, based on the impact of earth excavation on soil structure and topography, soil moisture and groundwater level data are collected to assess the impact on the surrounding ecological environment; based on the noise and vibration generated by foundation treatment, noise and vibration levels are monitored in combination with environmental protection standards to control the large noise and vibration generated by the operation of large construction equipment to ensure compliance with environmental protection standards; during the main structure construction phase, the heat generated during the concrete pouring process may affect the surrounding ambient temperature, and the surrounding ambient temperature changes are monitored; based on the harmful gases and smoke generated by welding operations during steel structure installation, the air quality is monitored; during the decoration and decoration construction phase, based on the noise, vibration, harmful gases and smoke during indoor decoration, indoor facility installation, furniture and decoration placement, and cleaning acceptance, the indoor noise level, vibration level and air quality are monitored;

[0025] At the same time, the road dust concentration and traffic noise level are monitored based on the transportation process in the material transportation link, and the leakage risk of special materials is monitored based on the transportation; for the different environmental impacts generated by the construction operations in the construction operation link, the dust concentration is monitored based on the dust generated by the drilling operation; the noise and sparks generated by the cutting operation are monitored, and the noise and fire risks are monitored; based on the construction link using water resources, that is, the water consumption and wastewater discharge during the concrete mixing period are monitored; and for the facilities involved in the temporary office area and living area, the domestic sewage and garbage generated during the period are monitored for sewage discharge and garbage disposal; and for the impact of temporary power facilities on the surrounding electromagnetic environment, the electromagnetic radiation level is monitored;

[0026] Then, based on environmental laws and regulations, industry standards and project requirements, and in combination with the severity of environmental impacts and the degree of impact on surrounding residents, an assessment standard for the degree of demand for environmental data is formulated; for each construction stage and link, the degree of demand for environmental data is quantitatively scored according to the corresponding assessment standard to obtain a scoring result; among them, the degree of demand is divided into three levels: high, medium and low, corresponding to three different score ranges of (6-8), (3-5) and (0-2) respectively; when the degree of demand for environmental data corresponding to the construction stage is high, while the degree of demand for other construction stages is low, the monitoring of this environmental data is increased at this stage; and when the degree of demand for environmental data corresponding to the construction stage is low, while the degree of demand for other construction stages is high, the monitoring of this environmental data is reduced at this stage.

[0027] Preferably, the time scale monitoring unit monitors the instantaneous changes and long-term changes of the environment:

[0028] For instantaneous changes in the environment, environmental data and construction data are collected once a second and transmitted to the monitoring system in real time. The monitoring system analyzes and processes the environmental data and construction data to obtain high-frequency real-time data of instantaneous changes in the environment. For example, noise sensors are set near the construction site. When large-scale construction equipment is started or an emergency occurs, the noise sensors can immediately capture the instantaneous changes in noise and issue an alarm.

[0029] For long-term changes in the environment, environmental data and construction data are collected once a week and stored for long-term analysis and processing to obtain low-frequency periodic data of long-term changes in the environment. For example, the air quality of the construction site is fully monitored every month to analyze the long-term changes in indicators such as particulate matter concentration and harmful gas content, providing a decision-making basis for the environmental management of the construction project. Based on the integration and comparative analysis of high-frequency real-time data and low-frequency periodic data, a more comprehensive understanding of environmental changes can be achieved, in which both the details of instantaneous changes and the trends of long-term changes can be grasped, and the impact of construction activities on the environment can be evaluated to obtain the impact of the construction environment. For example, the instantaneous noise change data within a certain period of time can be compared with the long-term average noise level to evaluate the impact of construction activities on environmental noise.

[0030] In addition, based on the instantaneous and long-term changes in the monitored environment, a corresponding early warning response mechanism is established. When abnormal changes occur in environmental data, an environmental early warning signal is issued to notify environmental monitoring personnel to take preset environmental emergency measures. When abnormal changes occur in construction data, a construction early warning signal is issued to notify construction monitoring personnel to take preset construction emergency measures. For example, if it is monitored that the air quality drops sharply in a short period of time, the emergency plan is immediately activated, construction activities are suspended, and measures are taken to improve air quality.

[0031] Preferably, the data processing module includes:

[0032] The data filtering and cleaning unit is used to perform preliminary processing on environmental data and construction data, remove abnormal data and fill in missing data values, and use normalization processing technology to standardize the data to ensure the uniformity of data at different time and space scales and obtain multi-scale data;

[0033] The model building unit is used to build a risk assessment model for the construction environment based on historical data and real-time data, analyze multi-scale data based on the random forest algorithm, and extract potential risk points in the construction environment.

[0034] Preferably, the real-time monitoring module includes:

[0035] A real-time data analysis unit, which is used to monitor the dynamic changes of the construction environment based on real-time data and multi-scale data, and obtain dynamic results;

[0036] The dynamic risk assessment unit is used to update the risk assessment model of the construction environment based on the dynamic results of real-time monitoring, and identify the potential hazards at the construction site in combination with the potential risk points extracted by the model building unit, and generate a potential hazard value, and compare the potential hazard value with a preset safety threshold. When the safety potential hazard value is greater than or equal to the safety threshold, a danger warning signal is generated and transmitted to the control center to remind construction personnel to take necessary safety measures.

[0037] Preferably, the early warning response module includes:

[0038] An automatic control unit, used to generate construction adjustment instructions based on danger warning signals;

[0039] The instruction transmission unit is used to receive the construction adjustment instruction and transmit the construction adjustment instruction to the on-site construction equipment terminal through the wireless network, control the operation status of the construction equipment, and adjust the operation strategy of the construction equipment; controlling the operation status of the construction equipment includes controlling the equipment to stop and controlling the equipment to slow down; the operation strategy is to adjust the working mode of the construction equipment to ensure the safety of the construction process;

[0040] The personnel warning unit is used to generate an audible and visual alarm signal when the danger warning signal is triggered, and send an audible and visual alarm to the construction personnel through the construction equipment terminal based on the audible and visual alarm signal, and remind the construction personnel to take the risk avoidance measures in the corresponding construction stage in the safety manual through the wearable devices on the construction personnel;

[0041] The emergency plan activation unit automatically activates the emergency plan at the construction site and notifies emergency management personnel to intervene when the system identifies a high-risk environment or an unexpected situation.

[0042] The present invention provides a multi-scale construction environment dynamic monitoring system, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] 1. This multi-scale construction environment dynamic monitoring system ensures comprehensive coverage of various key factors in complex construction environments through the setting of multiple types of sensors; different types of sensors can work independently and cooperate with each other to provide a rich data source for the system; even in complex environments, the diversity and integrity of the data can be guaranteed.

[0044] 2. The multi-scale dynamic monitoring system of the construction environment collects construction data at different time scales, including real-time data, periodic data and historical data. This enables the system to make full use of the characteristics of data at different time scales when multi-source data are frequently updated, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of data processing.

[0045] 3. The multi-scale dynamic monitoring system of the construction environment, through the synergy of the spatial sensor deployment unit and the time scale monitoring unit, enables the system to comprehensively monitor the construction environment at different spatial and temporal scales; this not only improves the monitoring accuracy of the system, but also enhances the adaptability and stability of the system in complex environments, thereby improving the overall performance of the system, and effectively solving the problem of maintaining efficient operation of the monitoring system, real-time response, and processing of frequent updates of multi-source data in complex environments, providing a strong guarantee for the safety management of the construction environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the multi-scale construction environment dynamic monitoring system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention are provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the present invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention, and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention and thereby design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific uses.

[0048] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a multi-scale construction environment dynamic monitoring system, including a data acquisition module, which is used to collect environmental data through sensors installed at the construction site, wherein the sensors include temperature sensors, humidity sensors, gas detection sensors, noise sensors and vibration sensors; and is also used to collect construction data at different time scales, the construction data includes real-time data, periodic data and historical data, to ensure comprehensive acquisition of various data information in the construction environment;

[0049] The data processing module is connected to the data acquisition module and is used to pre-process the environmental data and the construction data to obtain multi-scale data, and is also used to build a risk assessment model for the construction environment based on historical data and real-time data;

[0050] A real-time monitoring module, connected to the data processing module, for real-time monitoring in the construction environment, for updating the risk assessment model of the construction environment based on the dynamic results of the real-time monitoring, and for identifying potential dangers at the construction site based on potential risk points, and generating danger warning signals;

[0051] The early warning response module is used to receive the danger warning signal from the real-time monitoring module, generate construction adjustment instructions based on the danger warning signal, and transmit the construction adjustment instructions to the construction equipment terminal through the wireless network, control the operating status of the construction equipment and adjust the operation strategy to avoid or reduce the occurrence of risk events. The early warning response module is used to generate construction adjustment instructions based on the danger warning signal, transmit the construction adjustment instructions to the construction equipment terminal through the wireless network, control the operating status of the construction equipment and adjust the operation strategy; this can stop or adjust the operation of high-risk equipment in time to avoid further expansion of accidents.

[0052] It should be further explained that, during the specific implementation process, comprehensive environmental data of the construction site and construction data at different time scales are collected to provide a rich and multi-dimensional data basis for accurate assessment of the construction environment; and by building risk assessment models, real-time monitoring and early warning response modules, potential dangers can be discovered in a timely manner and early warning signals can be generated, effectively avoiding or reducing the occurrence of risk events and ensuring construction safety.

[0053] The data acquisition module comprises:

[0054] The spatial sensor deployment unit is used to deploy sensors at different spatial scales on the construction site. The sensors are calibrated based on environmental changes to ensure that various environmental information (such as temperature, humidity, noise, vibration, etc.) is accurately acquired at multiple spatial scales. The unit is also used to manage the location information of the sensors to ensure that data between different sensors is not confused. By deploying sensors at different spatial scales on the construction site, it is ensured that various environmental information is accurately acquired at multiple spatial scales. At the same time, the location information of the sensors is managed to prevent data confusion between different sensors, thereby improving the reliability and traceability of the data.

[0055] The time scale monitoring unit is used to collect environmental data and construction data at different time frequencies, and adjust the collection frequency based on the needs of the construction project. It is also used to monitor the instantaneous and long-term changes in the environment to ensure an in-depth understanding of the overall situation of the construction environment;

[0056] The data fusion unit is used to fuse the data information of multiple sensors to ensure the compatibility and consistency of multi-source data and provide reliable basic data for subsequent risk assessment.

[0057] It should be further explained that, in the specific implementation process, the spatial sensor deployment unit is used to ensure that a variety of environmental information is accurately acquired at different spatial scales, to avoid data confusion and improve data reliability; the time scale monitoring unit is used to adjust the collection frequency according to the needs of the construction project, monitor the instantaneous and long-term changes in the environment, and fully grasp the situation of the construction environment; the multi-sensor data is fused through the data fusion unit to provide reliable basic data for risk assessment and improve analysis accuracy.

[0058] The process of calibrating the sensor based on environmental changes is as follows:

[0059] Determine the calibration time interval of the sensor according to the environmental change characteristics of the construction site and the accuracy requirements of the sensor; for temperature sensors and humidity sensors, calibration is performed every week due to slow environmental changes; and for gas detection sensors, noise sensors and vibration sensors, calibration is performed every day due to frequent environmental changes; use industry standards as calibration standards, for example, for temperature sensors, a high-precision thermometer can be used as the calibration standard; for humidity sensors, a humidity generator can be used as the calibration standard; select appropriate calibration standards to ensure the accuracy and reliability of calibration; based on the calibration time interval corresponding to the sensor, compare the sensor with the calibration standard, and adjust the sensor parameters so that its output value is consistent with the calibration standard; the specific operation steps are as follows:

[0060] Place the sensor in the same environment as the corresponding calibration standard to ensure consistent environmental conditions; obtain the output value of the sensor and the output value of the calibration standard, calculate the error between the two, and obtain the error value; according to the error value, adjust the parameters of the sensor, and make corresponding gain or offset adjustments to make the output value of the sensor close to the output value of the calibration standard; repeat the above steps until the error value between the output value of the sensor and the output value of the calibration standard falls within the preset allowable error range; after the calibration is completed, record the calibration results, which include the calibration time, calibration standard, sensor output value and error value; these records can be used for subsequent data analysis and quality control, and can also be used as a reference for the next calibration of the sensor.

[0061] It should be further explained that, during the specific implementation process, the sensors are calibrated based on environmental changes, which ensures the accuracy and reliability of the sensor output data and provides a guarantee for subsequent accurate risk assessment and monitoring.

[0062] The process of managing sensor location information is as follows:

[0063] Before deploying sensors at the construction site, a sensor location database is established to store the location information of the sensors;

[0064] When deploying sensors, use GPS positioning equipment to mark the location coordinates of the sensors and enter the location coordinates into the sensor location database; at the same time, assign a unique identifier to each sensor, and manage and identify each sensor through the unique identifier;

[0065] During the construction process, the location of the sensor will change due to changes in the construction site. Based on this, wireless communication technology is used to transmit the location information of the sensor to the central control system, which updates and manages the location information and updates the location information of the sensor in real time to ensure the accuracy of the location information.

[0066] Finally, mark the identifier on the sensor and associate the identifier with the location information; and during the data collection and transmission process, transmit the sensor's identifier and location information together to ensure that the source and location of the data are traceable; and regularly check and verify the sensor's location information, and correct it in time if the location is wrong or confused; in order to prevent confusion between data from different sensors, the sensor's location information is strictly managed through the above operations.

[0067] It should be further explained that, in the specific implementation process, by managing the sensor location information, the data source can be traced, the confusion of different sensor data can be prevented, and the accuracy and efficiency of data management can be improved.

[0068] The process of adjusting the collection frequency based on the construction project requirements by the time scale monitoring unit:

[0069] Analyze the construction project to determine the degree of demand for environmental data at different stages and links; determine key environmental indicators based on the needs of the construction project and set corresponding thresholds; for example, for noise monitoring, set an acceptable noise level threshold; for air quality monitoring, set a threshold for particulate matter concentration indicators; these thresholds will serve as an important basis for adjusting the collection frequency. When the environmental data approaches or exceeds the threshold, the collection frequency needs to be increased to strengthen monitoring; formulate a collection frequency adjustment mechanism to dynamically adjust the collection frequency according to different situations, corresponding to different construction stages and environmental conditions, wherein the collection frequency gear is set, and the collection frequency gear includes collecting once a week, collecting once a day, and collecting once at a set time, and the collection frequency gears correspond to low-frequency collection mode, medium-frequency collection mode, and high-frequency collection mode respectively; wherein a set time corresponds to the high-frequency collection mode, and a set time is a countdown mechanism for manually setting the collection time interval, which is used to flexibly adjust the trigger frequency of the high-frequency collection mode in response to project needs, construction stages, and temporary needs of construction links; wherein, when the environmental data in the construction project fluctuates abnormally, switch to the high-frequency real-time data collection mode; when the environmental conditions are relatively stable, switch to the low-frequency long-term period data collection mode.

[0070] By adjusting the collection frequency according to the needs of the construction project, it is possible to monitor both instantaneous changes in the environment and long-term changes. This enables the system to adapt to the needs of different construction stages and links for environmental data, and improves the pertinence and effectiveness of monitoring.

[0071] It should be further explained that, during the specific implementation process, the collection frequency is adjusted according to the needs of the construction project. When the environmental data fluctuates abnormally, it is switched to the high-frequency real-time data collection mode, and when the environment is stable, it is switched to the low-frequency long-term period collection mode, so as to improve the pertinence and efficiency of data collection and save resources at the same time.

[0072] The process of determining the degree of demand for environmental data at different stages and links:

[0073] Collect project information for construction, including project design plan, construction drawings, and engineering schedule; divide the construction project into three construction stages: foundation construction, main structure construction, and decoration and decoration construction according to the project information; clarify the main tasks and work content for each construction stage; the foundation construction stage includes earth excavation and foundation treatment; the main structure construction stage includes concrete pouring and steel structure installation; the decoration and decoration construction stage includes interior decoration, indoor facility installation, furniture and decoration placement, and cleaning and acceptance;

[0074] During the foundation construction phase, based on the impact of earth excavation on soil structure and topography, soil moisture and groundwater level data are collected to assess the impact on the surrounding ecological environment; based on the noise and vibration generated by foundation treatment, noise and vibration levels are monitored in combination with environmental protection standards to control the large noise and vibration generated by the operation of large construction equipment to ensure compliance with environmental protection standards; during the main structure construction phase, the heat generated during the concrete pouring process may affect the surrounding ambient temperature, and the surrounding ambient temperature changes are monitored; based on the harmful gases and smoke generated by welding operations during steel structure installation, the air quality is monitored; during the decoration and decoration construction phase, based on the noise, vibration, harmful gases and smoke during indoor decoration, indoor facility installation, furniture and decoration placement, and cleaning acceptance, the indoor noise level, vibration level and air quality are monitored;

[0075] At the same time, the road dust concentration and traffic noise level are monitored based on the transportation process in the material transportation link, and the leakage risk of special materials is monitored based on the transportation; for the different environmental impacts generated by the construction operations in the construction operation link, the dust concentration is monitored based on the dust generated by the drilling operation; the noise and sparks generated by the cutting operation are monitored, and the noise and fire risks are monitored; based on the construction link using water resources, that is, the water consumption and wastewater discharge during the concrete mixing period are monitored; and for the facilities involved in the temporary office area and living area, the domestic sewage and garbage generated during the period are monitored for sewage discharge and garbage disposal; and for the impact of temporary power facilities on the surrounding electromagnetic environment, the electromagnetic radiation level is monitored;

[0076] Then, based on environmental laws and regulations, industry standards and project requirements, and in combination with the severity of environmental impacts and the degree of impact on surrounding residents, an assessment standard for the degree of demand for environmental data is formulated; for each construction stage and link, the degree of demand for environmental data is quantitatively scored according to the corresponding assessment standard to obtain a scoring result; among them, the degree of demand is divided into three levels: high, medium and low, corresponding to three different score ranges of (6-8), (3-5) and (0-2) respectively; when the degree of demand for environmental data corresponding to the construction stage is high, while the degree of demand for other construction stages is low, the monitoring of this environmental data is increased at this stage; and when the degree of demand for environmental data corresponding to the construction stage is low, while the degree of demand for other construction stages is high, the monitoring of this environmental data is reduced at this stage.

[0077] It needs to be further explained that, during the specific implementation process, the degree of demand for environmental data at different stages and links should be determined so that construction projects can carry out targeted environmental data monitoring at all stages, improve resource utilization efficiency, and better ensure the safety of the construction environment.

[0078] The time scale monitoring unit monitors the instantaneous changes and long-term changes of the environment:

[0079] For instantaneous changes in the environment, environmental data and construction data are collected once a second and transmitted to the monitoring system in real time. The monitoring system analyzes and processes the environmental data and construction data to obtain high-frequency real-time data of instantaneous changes in the environment. For example, noise sensors are set near the construction site. When large-scale construction equipment is started or an emergency occurs, the noise sensors can immediately capture the instantaneous changes in noise and issue an alarm.

[0080] For long-term changes in the environment, environmental data and construction data are collected once a week and stored for long-term analysis and processing to obtain low-frequency periodic data of long-term changes in the environment. For example, the air quality of the construction site is fully monitored every month to analyze the long-term changes in indicators such as particulate matter concentration and harmful gas content, providing a decision-making basis for the environmental management of the construction project. Based on the integration and comparative analysis of high-frequency real-time data and low-frequency periodic data, a more comprehensive understanding of environmental changes can be achieved, in which both the details of instantaneous changes and the trends of long-term changes can be grasped, and the impact of construction activities on the environment can be evaluated to obtain the impact of the construction environment. For example, the instantaneous noise change data within a certain period of time can be compared with the long-term average noise level to evaluate the impact of construction activities on environmental noise.

[0081] In addition, based on the instantaneous and long-term changes in the monitored environment, a corresponding early warning response mechanism is established. When abnormal changes occur in environmental data, an environmental early warning signal is issued to notify environmental monitoring personnel to take preset environmental emergency measures. When abnormal changes occur in construction data, a construction early warning signal is issued to notify construction monitoring personnel to take preset construction emergency measures. For example, if it is monitored that the air quality drops sharply in a short period of time, the emergency plan is immediately activated, construction activities are suspended, and measures are taken to improve air quality.

[0082] It should be further explained that, in the specific implementation process, high-frequency real-time data collection and low-frequency long-period data collection are used to monitor instantaneous and long-period changes in the environment, comprehensively understand environmental changes, and provide more accurate decision-making basis for environmental management of construction projects; by establishing an early warning response mechanism, alarms are issued in a timely manner and measures are taken when environmental data changes abnormally, effectively reducing construction risks.

[0083] The data processing module comprises:

[0084] The data filtering and cleaning unit is used to perform preliminary processing on environmental data and construction data, remove abnormal data and fill in missing data values, and use normalization processing technology to standardize the data to ensure the uniformity of data at different time and space scales and obtain multi-scale data;

[0085] The model building unit is used to build a risk assessment model for the construction environment based on historical data and real-time data, analyze multi-scale data based on the random forest algorithm, and extract potential risk points in the construction environment.

[0086] It should be further explained that, in the specific implementation process, the data filtering and cleaning unit is used to eliminate abnormal data, fill in missing values ​​and perform standardization to ensure the uniformity and accuracy of the data, thereby providing reliable data for subsequent risk assessment; the model building unit uses the random forest algorithm to analyze multi-scale data to extract potential risk points, thereby improving the scientificity and accuracy of risk assessment.

[0087] The real-time monitoring module includes:

[0088] Real-time data analysis unit, which is used to monitor the dynamic changes of the construction environment based on real-time data and multi-scale data, and obtain dynamic results to provide a basis for timely adjustment of construction strategies;

[0089] The dynamic risk assessment unit is used to update the risk assessment model of the construction environment based on the dynamic results of real-time monitoring, and identify the potential hazards at the construction site in combination with the potential risk points extracted by the model building unit, and generate a potential hazard value, and compare the potential hazard value with the preset safety threshold. When the safety potential hazard value is greater than or equal to the safety threshold, a danger warning signal is generated and transmitted to the control center to remind construction personnel to take necessary safety measures and improve the level of construction safety protection; this enables construction personnel to take necessary safety measures before the danger occurs, effectively reducing the probability of accidents.

[0090] The early warning response module includes:

[0091] An automatic control unit, used to generate construction adjustment instructions based on danger warning signals;

[0092] The instruction transmission unit is used to receive the construction adjustment instruction and transmit the construction adjustment instruction to the on-site construction equipment terminal through the wireless network, control the operation status of the construction equipment, and adjust the operation strategy of the construction equipment; controlling the operation status of the construction equipment includes controlling the equipment to stop and controlling the equipment to slow down; the operation strategy is to adjust the working mode of the construction equipment to effectively reduce the construction risk and ensure the safety of the construction process;

[0093] The personnel warning unit is used to generate an audible and visual alarm signal when the danger warning signal is triggered, and send an audible and visual alarm to the construction personnel through the construction equipment terminal based on the audible and visual alarm signal, and remind the construction personnel to take the risk avoidance measures in the corresponding construction stage in the safety manual through the wearable devices on the construction personnel, so as to improve the safety of personnel;

[0094] The emergency plan activation unit automatically activates the emergency plan at the construction site when the system identifies a high-risk environment or an unexpected situation occurs, and notifies emergency management personnel to intervene, thereby improving the ability to respond to emergencies, providing a fast and effective response mechanism for responding to emergencies, and minimizing losses.

[0095] The setting of multiple types of sensors ensures comprehensive coverage of various key factors in complex construction environments; different types of sensors can work independently and cooperate with each other to provide a rich data source for the system; even in complex environments, the diversity and integrity of data can be guaranteed;

[0096] By collecting construction data at different time scales, including real-time data, periodic data and historical data, the system can make full use of the data characteristics of different time scales when multi-source data is frequently updated, and improve the efficiency and accuracy of data processing; for example, real-time data can be used to quickly respond to emergencies, periodic data can be used to analyze short-term trends, and historical data can be used to establish long-term risk assessment models.

[0097] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field and related fields without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The structures, devices and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention are implemented according to the conventional means in the field unless otherwise specified and limited.

Claims

1. A multi-scale construction environment dynamic monitoring system, characterized by: include: A data acquisition module, which is used to collect environmental data through sensors installed at the construction site, and is also used to collect construction data at different time scales; The data processing module is connected to the data acquisition module and is used to pre-process the environmental data and the construction data to obtain multi-scale data, and is also used to build a risk assessment model for the construction environment based on historical data and real-time data; A real-time monitoring module, connected to the data processing module, for real-time monitoring in the construction environment, for updating the risk assessment model of the construction environment based on the dynamic results of the real-time monitoring, and for identifying potential dangers at the construction site based on potential risk points, and generating danger warning signals; The early warning response module is used to receive the danger warning signal from the real-time monitoring module, generate construction adjustment instructions based on the danger warning signal, and transmit the construction adjustment instructions to the construction equipment terminal through the wireless network to control the operating status of the construction equipment and adjust the operation strategy.

2. The multi-scale construction environment dynamic monitoring system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data acquisition module comprises: The spatial sensor deployment unit is used to deploy sensors at different spatial scales on the construction site. The sensors are calibrated based on environmental changes and are also used to manage the location information of the sensors; The time scale monitoring unit is used to collect environmental data and construction data at different time frequencies, and adjust the collection frequency based on the needs of the construction project. It is also used to monitor the instantaneous changes and long-term changes in the environment; The data fusion unit is used to fuse the data information of multiple sensors to ensure the compatibility and consistency of multi-source data and provide reliable basic data for subsequent risk assessment.

3. The multi-scale construction environment dynamic monitoring system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The process of calibrating the sensor based on environmental changes is as follows: According to the environmental change characteristics of the construction site and the accuracy requirements of the sensor, determine the calibration time interval of the sensor; for temperature sensors and humidity sensors, calibration is performed every week due to slow environmental changes; and for gas detection sensors, noise sensors and vibration sensors, calibration is performed every day due to frequent environmental changes; industry standards are used as calibration standards; based on the calibration time interval corresponding to the sensor, the sensor is compared with the calibration standard, and the sensor parameters are adjusted to make its output value consistent with the calibration standard; the specific operation steps are as follows: Place the sensor in the same environment as the corresponding calibration standard to ensure that the environmental conditions are consistent; obtain the output value of the sensor and the output value of the calibration standard, calculate the error between the two, and obtain the error value; according to the error value, adjust the parameters of the sensor to make the output value of the sensor close to the output value of the calibration standard; Repeat the above steps until the error between the output value of the sensor and the output value of the calibration standard falls within the preset allowable error range; After the calibration is completed, the calibration results are recorded, which include the calibration time, calibration standard, sensor output value and error value.

4. The multi-scale construction environment dynamic monitoring system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The process of managing sensor location information is as follows: Before deploying sensors at the construction site, a sensor location database is established to store the location information of the sensors; When deploying sensors, use GPS positioning equipment to mark the location coordinates of the sensors and enter the location coordinates into the sensor location database; at the same time, assign a unique identifier to each sensor, and manage and identify each sensor through the unique identifier; During the construction process, the location of the sensor will change due to changes in the construction site. Based on this, wireless communication technology is used to transmit the location information of the sensor to the central control system, which updates and manages the location information. Finally, an identifier is marked on the sensor and the identifier is associated with the location information; And during the data collection and transmission process, the sensor identifier and location information are transmitted together; The sensor's position information should be checked and verified regularly, and any position errors should be corrected in a timely manner.

5. The multi-scale construction environment dynamic monitoring system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The process of adjusting the collection frequency based on the construction project requirements by the time scale monitoring unit: Analyze the construction project to determine the degree of demand for environmental data at different stages and links; determine key environmental indicators based on the needs of the construction project and set corresponding thresholds; formulate a collection frequency adjustment mechanism to dynamically adjust the collection frequency according to different situations, wherein the collection frequency gear is set, and the collection frequency gear includes collecting once a week, collecting once a day and collecting once at a set time, and the collection frequency gears correspond to low-frequency collection mode, medium-frequency collection mode and high-frequency collection mode respectively; wherein a set time corresponds to the high-frequency collection mode, and a set time is a countdown mechanism for manually setting the collection time interval, which is used to adjust the trigger frequency of the high-frequency collection mode in response to project needs, construction stages and temporary needs of construction links; wherein, when the environmental data in the construction project fluctuates abnormally, switch to the high-frequency real-time data collection mode; when the environmental conditions are relatively stable, switch to the low-frequency long-period data collection mode.

6. The multi-scale construction environment dynamic monitoring system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The process of determining the degree of demand for environmental data at different stages and links: Collect project data for construction, including project design plan, construction drawings, and engineering schedule; divide the construction project into three construction stages: foundation construction, main structure construction, and decoration and decoration construction according to the project data; the foundation construction stage includes earth excavation and foundation treatment; the main structure construction stage includes concrete pouring and steel structure installation; the decoration and decoration construction stage includes interior decoration, indoor facility installation, furniture and decoration placement, and cleaning and acceptance; During the foundation construction phase, soil moisture and groundwater level data are collected based on the impact of earth excavation on soil structure and topography; noise and vibration levels are monitored in combination with environmental protection standards based on the noise and vibration generated by foundation treatment; during the main structure construction phase, the surrounding temperature changes are monitored based on the heat generated during the concrete pouring process; air quality is monitored based on the harmful gases and smoke generated by welding operations during steel structure installation; during the decoration and decoration construction phase, indoor noise levels, vibration levels and air quality are monitored based on the noise, vibration, harmful gases and smoke during interior decoration, indoor facility installation, furniture and decoration placement, and cleaning acceptance; At the same time, the road dust concentration and traffic noise level are monitored based on the transportation process in the material transportation link, and the leakage risk of special materials is monitored based on the transportation; for the different environmental impacts generated by the construction operations in the construction operation link, the dust concentration is monitored based on the dust generated by the drilling operation; the noise and sparks generated by the cutting operation are monitored, and the noise and fire risks are monitored; based on the construction link using water resources, the water consumption and wastewater discharge are monitored; and for the facilities involved in the temporary office area and living area, the domestic sewage and garbage generated during the period are monitored for sewage discharge and garbage disposal; and for the impact of temporary power facilities on the surrounding electromagnetic environment, the electromagnetic radiation level is monitored; Then, based on environmental laws and regulations, industry standards and project requirements, and in combination with the severity of environmental impacts and the degree of impact on surrounding residents, an assessment standard for the degree of demand for environmental data is formulated; for each construction stage and link, the degree of demand for environmental data is quantitatively scored according to the corresponding assessment standards to obtain a scoring result; among them, the degree of demand is divided into three levels: high, medium and low, corresponding to three different score ranges of (6-8), (3-5) and (0-2) respectively; when the degree of demand for environmental data corresponding to the construction stage is high, the monitoring of this environmental data is increased at this stage; and when the degree of demand for environmental data corresponding to the construction stage is low, the monitoring of this environmental data is reduced at this stage.

7. The multi-scale construction environment dynamic monitoring system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The time scale monitoring unit monitors the instantaneous changes and long-term changes of the environment: For instantaneous changes in the environment, the environmental data and construction data are collected once a second and transmitted to the monitoring system in real time. The monitoring system analyzes and processes the environmental data and construction data to obtain high-frequency real-time data of instantaneous changes in the environment. For long-term changes in the environment, environmental data and construction data are collected once a week and stored for long-term analysis and processing to obtain low-frequency periodic data of long-term changes in the environment. Based on the integration and comparative analysis of high-frequency real-time data and low-frequency periodic data, the impact of construction activities on the environment is evaluated to obtain the impact of the construction environment. In addition, based on the instantaneous and long-term changes in the monitored environment, a corresponding early warning response mechanism is established. When abnormal changes occur in environmental data, an environmental early warning signal is issued to notify environmental monitoring personnel to take preset environmental emergency measures. When abnormal changes occur in construction data, a construction early warning signal is issued to notify construction monitoring personnel to take preset construction emergency measures.

8. The multi-scale construction environment dynamic monitoring system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The data processing module comprises: The data filtering and cleaning unit is used to perform preliminary processing on environmental data and construction data, remove abnormal data and fill in missing data values, and use normalization processing technology to standardize the data to obtain multi-scale data; The model building unit is used to build a risk assessment model for the construction environment based on historical data and real-time data, analyze multi-scale data based on the random forest algorithm, and extract potential risk points in the construction environment.

9. The multi-scale construction environment dynamic monitoring system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The real-time monitoring module includes: A real-time data analysis unit, which is used to monitor the dynamic changes of the construction environment based on real-time data and multi-scale data, and obtain dynamic results; The dynamic risk assessment unit is used to update the risk assessment model of the construction environment based on the dynamic results of real-time monitoring, and identify the potential hazards at the construction site in combination with the potential risk points extracted by the model building unit, and generate a potential hazard value, and compare the potential hazard value with a preset safety threshold. When the safety potential hazard value is greater than or equal to the safety threshold, a danger warning signal is generated and transmitted to the control center.

10. The multi-scale construction environment dynamic monitoring system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The early warning response module includes: An automatic control unit, used to generate construction adjustment instructions based on danger warning signals; The instruction transmission unit is used to receive the construction adjustment instruction and transmit the construction adjustment instruction to the on-site construction equipment terminal through the wireless network, control the operation state of the construction equipment, and adjust the operation strategy of the construction equipment; controlling the operation state of the construction equipment includes controlling the equipment to stop and controlling the equipment to slow down; the operation strategy is to adjust the working mode of the construction equipment; The personnel warning unit is used to generate an audible and visual alarm signal when the danger warning signal is triggered, and send an audible and visual alarm to the construction personnel through the construction equipment terminal based on the audible and visual alarm signal, and remind the construction personnel to take the risk avoidance measures in the corresponding construction stage in the safety manual through the wearable devices on the construction personnel; The emergency plan activation unit automatically activates the emergency plan at the construction site when the system identifies a high-risk environment and notifies emergency management personnel to intervene.

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