Water area ecology monitoring method and device, electronic equipment and readable storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a water area ecology monitoring method and device, electronic equipment and a readable storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of ecology monitoring. The method comprises the steps that an ecological monitoring model is constructed based on a historical ecological parameter set of a water area, the ecological monitoring model is used for converting each ecological parameter into a corresponding metric value, and an ecological monitoring result is obtained based on the metric values of all the ecological parameters; acquiring ecological parameters of the to-be-monitored water area; the ecological parameters serve as input of the ecological monitoring model, an ecological monitoring result of the water area to be monitored is obtained, and the ecological monitoring result is used for representing the ecological health degree of the water area. The method has the advantages of comprehensive monitoring, high accuracy and capability of timely and accurately mastering the ecological health condition of the water area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water area ecological monitoring, and in particular to a water area ecological monitoring method, a water area ecological monitoring device, an electronic device and a readable storage medium. Background Art

[0002] Hydropower development is the mainstream mode of contemporary resource development, and has achieved immeasurable economic and social benefits in water supply, power generation, irrigation and flood control. Ensuring ecological and environmental safety is an important prerequisite for implementing basin hydropower development. However, hydropower development will highly interfere with rivers, and will have an impact on river ecology, environment and society that cannot be ignored. Studies have found that the impact of hydropower development on hydrodynamics and water environment is the most intuitive and significant, which may lead to changes in dynamic characteristics in reservoirs, water temperature stratification, obstruction of material transport, and significant changes in water temperature, sand and salt processes downstream of the dam, thereby directly or indirectly causing a serious "water ecological crisis" that is difficult to recover from.

[0003] Current research lacks the correlation research of hydrodynamics, water environment and water ecology under hydropower development, which makes it difficult to identify key impact receptors and evaluation factors. The problem of indicator redundancy will greatly increase the difficulty of evaluation and reduce the accuracy of evaluation results. In terms of water ecological monitoring and early warning, there is a lack of systematic multi-parameter three-dimensional forecasting and early warning system, which makes it impossible to timely discover and evaluate water ecological environment problems in reservoir areas with high quality. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a water ecological monitoring method, device, electronic device and readable storage medium to at least solve the above-mentioned problem that current research lacks the correlation research on the hydrodynamics, water environment and water ecology under hydropower development, which makes it difficult to identify key influencing receptors and evaluation factors, and the problem of indicator redundancy will greatly increase the difficulty of evaluation and reduce the accuracy of evaluation results.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for monitoring water ecology in a first aspect, the method comprising: An ecological monitoring model is constructed based on a historical ecological parameter set of the water area, wherein the ecological monitoring model is used to convert each ecological parameter into a corresponding metric value, and to obtain ecological monitoring results based on the metric values ​​of all ecological parameters; Obtain ecological parameters of the waters to be monitored; The ecological parameters are used as inputs of the ecological monitoring model to obtain ecological monitoring results of the water area to be monitored, and the ecological monitoring results are used to characterize the ecological health of the water area.

[0006] Optionally, the ecological monitoring model includes: A metric value conversion module, used to map each ecological parameter to a corresponding metric value according to a preset metric value conversion rule; The comprehensive calculation module is used to comprehensively calculate the measurement values ​​of all ecological parameters according to preset comprehensive rules to obtain the ecological monitoring results of the water area.

[0007] Optionally, each ecological parameter is mapped to a corresponding metric value according to a preset metric value conversion rule, including: Based on a preset relationship table, each ecological parameter is mapped to a corresponding normalization coefficient, wherein the preset relationship table is used to characterize the relationship between each ecological parameter and the corresponding normalization coefficient; The product of the normalization coefficient corresponding to each ecological parameter and the preset weight coefficient corresponding to each ecological parameter is taken as the measurement value corresponding to each ecological parameter, and the preset weight coefficient is determined by a comprehensive weighting method.

[0008] Optionally, the measured values ​​of all ecological parameters are comprehensively calculated according to the preset comprehensive rules to obtain the ecological monitoring results of the water area, including: The measured values ​​of all ecological parameters are added together to obtain a comprehensive calculation result; Based on the comprehensive calculation results, the ecological monitoring results of the water area are obtained, and the ecological monitoring results include very healthy, healthy and unhealthy.

[0009] Optionally, the ecological parameters include: water resource development and utilization rate, degree of satisfaction of downstream ecological base flow, water quality quality, compliance status of drinking water source water quality, nutrient status, sediment pollution status, water functional area compliance rate, reservoir siltation loss rate, shoreline stability, shoreline vegetation coverage, degree of artificial disturbance in the riverbank, phytoplankton density, zooplankton biological loss index, benthic invertebrate biological integrity index, fish retention index, public satisfaction, and at least one of flood control indicators.

[0010] A second aspect of the present invention provides a water ecology monitoring device, the device comprising: A model building module, used to build an ecological monitoring model based on a historical ecological parameter set of the water area, wherein the ecological monitoring model is used to convert each ecological parameter into a corresponding metric value, and to obtain ecological monitoring results based on the metric values ​​of all ecological parameters; Parameter acquisition module, used to obtain ecological parameters of the water area to be monitored; The ecological monitoring module is used to use the ecological parameters as inputs of the ecological monitoring model to obtain ecological monitoring results of the water area to be monitored, and the ecological monitoring results are used to characterize the ecological health of the water area.

[0011] Optionally, the ecological monitoring model includes: A metric value conversion module, used to map each ecological parameter to a corresponding metric value according to a preset metric value conversion rule; The comprehensive calculation module is used to comprehensively calculate the measurement values ​​of all ecological parameters according to preset comprehensive rules to obtain the ecological monitoring results of the water area.

[0012] Optionally, the ecological parameters include: water resource development and utilization rate, degree of satisfaction of downstream ecological base flow, water quality quality, compliance status of drinking water source water quality, nutrient status, sediment pollution status, water functional area compliance rate, reservoir siltation loss rate, shoreline stability, shoreline vegetation coverage, degree of artificial disturbance in the riverbank, phytoplankton density, zooplankton biological loss index, benthic invertebrate biological integrity index, fish retention index, public satisfaction, and at least one of flood control indicators.

[0013] A third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the above-mentioned water ecology monitoring method when executing the computer program.

[0014] On the other hand, the present invention provides a machine-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions being used to enable a machine to execute the above-mentioned water ecology monitoring method of the present invention.

[0015] This technical solution constructs an ecological monitoring model based on the historical ecological parameter set of the water area, so as to use the ecological monitoring model to conduct comprehensive and accurate monitoring of the monitored water area, and can timely and accurately grasp the ecological health status of the water area.

[0016] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the water ecology monitoring method provided by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural block diagram of the water area ecological monitoring device provided by the present invention.

[0018] Description of Reference Numerals 10-model building module; 20-parameter acquisition module; 30-ecological monitoring module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not used to limit the present invention.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the water ecology monitoring method provided by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural block diagram of the water area ecological monitoring device provided by the present invention.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a water ecological monitoring method, the method comprising: Step 1: construct an ecological monitoring model based on the historical ecological parameter set of the water area, wherein the ecological monitoring model is used to convert each ecological parameter into a corresponding measurement value, and obtain ecological monitoring results based on the measurement values ​​of all ecological parameters; Step 2: Obtain ecological parameters of the water area to be monitored; Step three: using the ecological parameters as inputs to the ecological monitoring model to obtain ecological monitoring results of the water area to be monitored, wherein the ecological monitoring results are used to characterize the ecological health of the water area.

[0022] Specifically, in this embodiment, the ecological monitoring model includes: A metric value conversion module, used to map each ecological parameter to a corresponding metric value according to a preset metric value conversion rule; The comprehensive calculation module is used to comprehensively calculate the measurement values ​​of all ecological parameters according to preset comprehensive rules to obtain the ecological monitoring results of the water area.

[0023] Among them, according to the preset measurement value conversion rules, each ecological parameter is mapped to the corresponding measurement value, including: Based on a preset relationship table, each ecological parameter is mapped to a corresponding normalization coefficient, wherein the preset relationship table is used to characterize the relationship between each ecological parameter and the corresponding normalization coefficient; The product of the normalization coefficient corresponding to each ecological parameter and the preset weight coefficient corresponding to each ecological parameter is taken as the measurement value corresponding to each ecological parameter, and the preset weight coefficient is determined by a comprehensive weighting method.

[0024] More specifically, the preset relationship table can be obtained based on expert experience or determined after fitting historical data, and can ensure the relationship between each ecological parameter and the corresponding normalization coefficient.

[0025] More specifically, the preset weight coefficient is determined by a comprehensive weighting method.

[0026] First, the analytic hierarchy process is used to compare the indicators with each other according to the scores of different experts, and then the indicator weights are determined, where the weight vector Z is:

[0027] in, a ij --index i and indicators j The assignment scale of .

[0028] Then, the entropy weight method is used to objectively assign weights, and the indicator variability is calculated based on the amount of information provided by the data, thereby determining a type of weight. m Measured data of monitoring points Zi ( i =1, ..., m )and n Health evaluation index C j ( j =1, ..., n ), then the basic matrix X is formed, and the standard matrix V is obtained after standardization.

[0029]

[0030] xij ——No. i Choice point j The actual value of an indicator; vij ——Reflection indicators j The size of the information provided, the larger the value, the greater the role of the indicator; max( xj ), min( xj )——respectively j The maximum and minimum values ​​of the monitoring values ​​corresponding to each indicator.

[0031] By calculating the characteristic weight pij To measure the amount of information, and j Entropy value of evaluation index ej , then the objective weight can be calculated:

[0032] Finally, since the weights determined by the analytic hierarchy process are easily affected by subjective factors, and the entropy weight method is more objective, it is more scientific and accurate to use the comprehensive weighting method (AHP-EWM) to obtain the comprehensive weight of each ecological parameter.

[0033] Comprehensive weight calculation formula and combined weight vector X:

[0034] Among them, according to the preset comprehensive rules, the measurement values ​​of all ecological parameters are comprehensively calculated to obtain the ecological monitoring results of the water area, including: The measured values ​​of all ecological parameters are added together to obtain a comprehensive calculation result; Based on the comprehensive calculation results, the ecological monitoring results of the water area are obtained, and the ecological monitoring results include very healthy, healthy and unhealthy.

[0035] Specifically, after obtaining the comprehensive calculation result, the ecological monitoring result of the water area is determined according to the interval of the specific value of the comprehensive calculation result. If the comprehensive calculation result is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, it means that the ecology of the water area is in a very healthy state and no human intervention is required; if the comprehensive calculation result is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold and less than the first preset threshold, it means that the ecology of the water area is in a healthy state and needs to be monitored from time to time; if the comprehensive calculation result is less than the second preset threshold, it means that the ecology of the water area is in a very unhealthy state, there are certain ecological problems, and human intervention is required to respond. Among them, the first preset threshold is greater than the second preset threshold.

[0036] In addition, in this embodiment, the endogenous pollution caused by the release of sediment in the water area has become the main factor for the increase of nutrient concentration in the water body. In addition, the waste gas and tailings of surrounding factories enter the reservoir area, and the increase of agricultural non-point source pollution, sediment pollution needs more attention, so the sediment pollution status index is added. In view of the complex topography and landforms in the southwest region, after the reservoir is filled with water, the water area and water depth increase along the way, the water flow and flow velocity of the water body in the backwater section of the reservoir decrease along the way, the bedload and most of the suspended sediment in the reservoir are silted up in the reservoir, and the total storage capacity shows a gradually decreasing trend. The siltation of the reservoir not only affects the benefits of the reservoir, but also affects the ecological environment of the reservoir. Therefore, the index of storage capacity siltation loss rate is added. In addition, the southwest region is located in the arid and semi-arid areas of my country, and the shore is mostly sandy soil and rock, which makes the vegetation on both sides of the reservoir less, which leads to soil erosion and soil erosion, affecting the stability of the shore zone, so the index of shore zone stability is added. Aquatic animal diversity is an important indicator of reservoir health. Studies have shown that the biomass of aquatic animals in the Laoyingyan section of the Dadu River is relatively low. Therefore, on the basis of the basic indicators of phytoplankton density, 56 large benthic invertebrate biological integrity index and fish retention index, the zooplankton bioloss index is added to more comprehensively reflect the changes in the reservoir environment. In addition to hydropower development, hydropower stations also have comprehensive benefits such as flood control and sediment retention, so flood control indicators are added. Finally, a reservoir health evaluation system was established that can reflect the hydrology, water quality, water ecology, shore zone and function of reservoirs in the southwest region, namely, water resource development and utilization rate (A1), downstream ecological base flow satisfaction degree (A2), water quality quality (B1), drinking water source water quality compliance status (B2), nutrient status (B3), sediment pollution status (B4), water function area compliance rate (B5), reservoir capacity siltation loss rate (C1), shore zone stability (C2), shore zone vegetation coverage (C3), river bank artificial disturbance degree (C4), phytoplankton density (D1), zooplankton biological loss index (D2), benthic invertebrate biological integrity index (preferably using large benthic invertebrate biological integrity index) (D3), fish retention index (D4), public satisfaction (E1), flood control index (E2). Ecological monitoring through the above parameters can ensure more comprehensive and accurate monitoring.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a water ecological monitoring device, the device comprising: A model building module 10 is used to build an ecological monitoring model based on a historical ecological parameter set of the water area, wherein the ecological monitoring model is used to convert each ecological parameter into a corresponding metric value, and to obtain an ecological monitoring result based on the metric values ​​of all ecological parameters; The parameter acquisition module 20 is used to obtain the ecological parameters of the water area to be monitored; The ecological monitoring module 30 is used to use the ecological parameters as inputs of the ecological monitoring model to obtain ecological monitoring results of the water area to be monitored, and the ecological monitoring results are used to characterize the ecological health of the water area.

[0038] Furthermore, the ecological monitoring model includes: A metric value conversion module, used to map each ecological parameter to a corresponding metric value according to a preset metric value conversion rule; The comprehensive calculation module is used to comprehensively calculate the measurement values ​​of all ecological parameters according to preset comprehensive rules to obtain the ecological monitoring results of the water area.

[0039] Furthermore, the ecological parameters include: water resource development and utilization rate, degree of satisfaction of downstream ecological base flow, water quality quality, compliance status of drinking water source water quality, nutrient status, sediment pollution status, water functional area compliance rate, reservoir capacity siltation loss rate, shoreline stability, shoreline vegetation coverage, degree of artificial disturbance in the riverbank, phytoplankton density, zooplankton biological loss index, benthic invertebrate biological integrity index, fish retention index, public satisfaction, and at least one of flood control indicators.

[0040] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the above-mentioned water ecology monitoring method when executing the computer program.

[0041] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a readable storage medium, on which instructions are stored, and the instructions are used to enable a machine to execute the above-mentioned water ecology monitoring method.

[0042] Example In this embodiment, in order to realize ecological monitoring of the Pubugou Reservoir of Dadu River, the following ecological parameters are used for analysis and description.

[0043] Regarding the development and utilization rate of surface water resources: According to the survey, the known reservoir capacity of Waterfall Valley is 50.11*10 4 10,000 m 3 The water supply period is from December to May of the following year. The reservoir water level gradually drops from the normal water storage level of 850m to the dead water level of 790m. The surface water resource development rate is ≤20%. According to the following Table 1, 100 points are assigned.

[0044] Table 1 Water resources development and utilization rate scoring standard

[0045] Regarding the degree of satisfaction of downstream ecological base flow: From December 2009 to August 2018, there were 48 days when the average discharge of 59 Waterfall Gorge Hydropower Station was less than 327m³ / s, which basically occurred in the dry season of Dadu River Basin, accounting for 0.2% of the total operating days, among which the lowest daily average discharge was 213m³ / s. Therefore, EBFI = 99.8%, and according to Table 2 below, the interpolation score is 98 points.

[0046] Table 2 Scoring standards for downstream ecological base flow satisfaction

[0047] Regarding water quality: Referring to the basic items specified in the "Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard" (GB3838-2002), the potassium permanganate index should be used in waters with COD greater than 30 mg / L, and points should be assigned based on the proportion of Class I to Class III water quality. According to the sampling results of the Dadu River Waterfall Valley in 2023, the proportion of Class I to Class III water quality is greater than 95%, and as shown in Table 3 below, 100 points are assigned.

[0048] Table 3 Water quality scoring standards

[0049] Regarding the water quality compliance of drinking water sources: The scores are assigned according to Table 4 below.

[0050] Table 4: Standards for scoring drinking water source water quality compliance

[0051] Regarding the nutrient status of lakes (reservoirs): The evaluation items of lake nutrient status should include total phosphorus, total nitrogen, chlorophyll a, potassium permanganate index and transparency, among which chlorophyll a is a mandatory evaluation item. The points are assigned according to the following Table 5.

[0052] Table 5 Lake and reservoir nutrient status scoring standards

[0053] In this way, each ecological parameter is scored and finally the normalized coefficient of each ecological parameter is obtained.

[0054] Finally, the complete ecological parameter evaluation index system and weights are obtained, as shown in Table 6 below: Table 6 Evaluation index system and weights of ecological parameters

[0055]

[0056] Finally, after three on-site monitoring, investigation and data collection and analysis in February, May and November 2023, the total scores of the health status of the Pubugou Reservoir in spring, summer and autumn were 84.16 points (very healthy), 86.38 points (very healthy) and 79.67 points (healthy), respectively.

[0057] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above-mentioned embodiments can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a program, and the program is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for making a single-chip microcomputer, a chip or a processor execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0058] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional units and modules is used as an example for illustration. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be distributed and completed by different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units. In addition, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other, and are not used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] The optional embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the embodiments of the present invention, the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present invention can be subjected to a variety of simple modifications, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention. It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the embodiments of the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0060] In addition, various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the embodiments of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring water ecology, characterized in that: The method comprises: An ecological monitoring model is constructed based on a historical ecological parameter set of the water area, wherein the ecological monitoring model is used to convert each ecological parameter into a corresponding metric value, and to obtain ecological monitoring results based on the metric values ​​of all ecological parameters; Obtain ecological parameters of the waters to be monitored; The ecological parameters are used as inputs of the ecological monitoring model to obtain ecological monitoring results of the water area to be monitored, and the ecological monitoring results are used to characterize the ecological health of the water area.

2. The water ecology monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ecological monitoring model includes: A metric value conversion module, used to map each ecological parameter to a corresponding metric value according to a preset metric value conversion rule; The comprehensive calculation module is used to comprehensively calculate the measurement values ​​of all ecological parameters according to preset comprehensive rules to obtain the ecological monitoring results of the water area.

3. The water ecology monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that: According to the preset metric conversion rules, each ecological parameter is mapped to the corresponding metric value, including: Based on a preset relationship table, each ecological parameter is mapped to a corresponding normalization coefficient, wherein the preset relationship table is used to characterize the relationship between each ecological parameter and the corresponding normalization coefficient; The product of the normalization coefficient corresponding to each ecological parameter and the preset weight coefficient corresponding to each ecological parameter is taken as the measurement value corresponding to each ecological parameter, and the preset weight coefficient is determined by a comprehensive weighting method.

4. The water ecology monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that: According to the preset comprehensive rules, the measurement values ​​of all ecological parameters are comprehensively calculated to obtain the ecological monitoring results of the water area, including: The measured values ​​of all ecological parameters are added together to obtain a comprehensive calculation result; Based on the comprehensive calculation results, the ecological monitoring results of the water area are obtained, and the ecological monitoring results include very healthy, healthy and unhealthy.

5. The water ecology monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ecological parameters include: water resource development and utilization rate, degree of satisfaction of downstream ecological base flow, water quality quality, compliance of drinking water source water quality, nutrient status, sediment pollution status, water functional area compliance rate, reservoir siltation loss rate, shoreline stability, shoreline vegetation coverage, degree of artificial disturbance in the riverbank, phytoplankton density, zooplankton biological loss index, benthic invertebrate biological integrity index, fish retention index, public satisfaction, and at least one of the flood control indicators.

6. A water ecological monitoring device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A model building module, used to build an ecological monitoring model based on a historical ecological parameter set of the water area, wherein the ecological monitoring model is used to convert each ecological parameter into a corresponding metric value, and to obtain ecological monitoring results based on the metric values ​​of all ecological parameters; Parameter acquisition module, used to obtain ecological parameters of the water area to be monitored; The ecological monitoring module is used to use the ecological parameters as inputs of the ecological monitoring model to obtain ecological monitoring results of the water area to be monitored, and the ecological monitoring results are used to characterize the ecological health of the water area.

7. The water ecology monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ecological monitoring model includes: A metric value conversion module, used to map each ecological parameter to a corresponding metric value according to a preset metric value conversion rule; The comprehensive calculation module is used to comprehensively calculate the measurement values ​​of all ecological parameters according to preset comprehensive rules to obtain the ecological monitoring results of the water area.

8. The water ecology monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ecological parameters include: water resource development and utilization rate, degree of satisfaction of downstream ecological base flow, water quality quality, compliance of drinking water source water quality, nutrient status, sediment pollution status, water functional area compliance rate, reservoir siltation loss rate, shoreline stability, shoreline vegetation coverage, degree of artificial disturbance in the riverbank, phytoplankton density, zooplankton biological loss index, benthic invertebrate biological integrity index, fish retention index, public satisfaction, and at least one of the flood control indicators.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the water ecology monitoring method described in any one of claims 1-5 is implemented.

10. A readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions being used to enable a machine to execute the water ecology monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

Images