A water quality data monitoring system and method for shallow sea buoys

Abstract

The invention discloses a water quality data monitoring system and method applied to shallow sea buoys, which relate to the technical field of seawater monitoring and repair, and include a data acquisition module, a buoy adjustment module, a seawater monitoring module, a seawater analysis module and a real-time monitoring module: the data acquisition module is used to regularly obtain water quality detection data transmitted by buoys at various points in the shallow sea, calculate a water evaluation value according to the water quality detection data, and then calculate the abnormal value of each water quality detection data based on the water evaluation value; the technical key points are: when in use, the water quality detection data is analyzed, a plurality of data for monitoring water quality are comprehensively analyzed to calculate the water evaluation value, and then the abnormal value between the water evaluation values ​​between the buoys is calculated by using the principle that pollution diffusion requires a certain amount of time, so that the difference in seawater quality can be clearly and intuitively understood through the abnormal value, so that it can be clearly understood whether the seawater is polluted, and this method is relatively simple and has good application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of seawater monitoring and restoration, and in particular to a water quality data monitoring system and method applied to shallow sea buoys. Background Art

[0002] Water quality monitoring is the process of monitoring and measuring the types of pollutants in water bodies, the concentrations of various pollutants and their changing trends, and evaluating the water quality. The monitoring scope is very wide, including unpolluted and polluted natural water and various industrial drainage. The main monitoring items can be divided into two categories: one is the comprehensive indicators reflecting the water quality, such as temperature, color, turbidity, pH value, conductivity, suspended solids, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen demand.

[0003] As people's environmental awareness continues to improve, people are paying more and more attention to the environment, among which the most common is the water quality of shallow seas. In order to help people better understand the water quality of shallow seas, people invented shallow sea buoys.

[0004] Shallow sea buoys can float freely in the water, while anchor chains can fix the buoys in specific locations. Various sensors and data acquisition equipment are also installed on shallow sea buoys to monitor environmental factors such as water quality, water temperature, light, and information such as the types, quantity, and distribution of aquatic organisms in real time.

[0005] The existing application publication number is CN111579738A, and the invention patent named "A buoy-type water quality monitoring device, pollution monitoring and tracing system and method" records that it includes a buoy body, a solar panel is provided on the top of the buoy body, a waterproof box is provided in the middle of the lower surface of the buoy body, a central processing unit, a battery, a data acquisition module, a wireless communication module and a GPS positioning module are provided in the waterproof box, a plurality of sensors for monitoring water quality parameters are provided on the outer side of the lower surface of the buoy body, an anti-collision rubber ring is provided on the outer side of the buoy body, the solar panel is electrically connected to the battery, the central processing unit is electrically connected to the battery, the wireless communication module and the GPS positioning module respectively, and the data acquisition module is electrically connected to the central processing unit and the sensor respectively. The present invention is used for online real-time monitoring of water quality information in rivers, lakes and other places, and judges whether the current water quality is polluted beyond the standard through the collected water quality data, so as to facilitate timely adoption of solutions.

[0006] However, based on the above content and in combination with the prior art, the central solution of the solution recorded in the above patent is the structure of the existing buoy-type water quality monitoring equipment and its most basic application. Its solution is to compare actual water quality data with theoretical water quality data, and to determine whether the water quality is polluted by comparing whether the actual water quality data is within the range of the theoretical water quality data.

[0007] However, the above scheme has great defects in actual use. The water quality data is composed of many items of data. The above comparison method is very time-consuming, and the water quality data is always in a fluctuating state. The theoretical water quality data is different at different times. Therefore, the comparison is very difficult and often causes false alarms. It does not meet people's use requirements. For this reason, we have developed a water quality data monitoring system and method for shallow sea buoys. Summary of the invention

[0008] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0009] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a water quality data monitoring system and method for shallow sea buoys, which analyzes the water quality detection data when in use, calculates the water evaluation value by comprehensively analyzing multiple data for monitoring water quality, and then uses the principle that it takes a certain amount of time for pollution to diffuse to calculate the abnormal values ​​between the water evaluation values ​​between buoys. The abnormal values ​​can be used to clearly and intuitively understand the differences in seawater quality, thereby clearly understanding whether the seawater is polluted. Moreover, this method is relatively simple, the judgment is relatively fast, the use effect is good, and it has good application prospects.

[0010] (II) Technical solution

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0012] A water quality data monitoring system for shallow sea buoys, including a data acquisition module, a buoy adjustment module, a seawater monitoring module, a seawater analysis module and a real-time monitoring module:

[0013] Data acquisition module: used to regularly obtain water quality test data transmitted by buoys at various points in the shallow sea, calculate the water evaluation value based on the water quality test data, and then calculate the abnormal values ​​of each water quality test data based on the water evaluation value, and compare the abnormal values ​​with the set standard interval. According to the comparison results, it is judged whether the seawater is polluted, and a pollution signal warning is issued when the seawater is polluted;

[0014] Buoy adjustment module: used to collect sea surface wind data after receiving the pollution signal, calculate the current minimum safe length of the anchor chain according to the sea surface wind data, and adjust the length of the anchor chain according to the calculation result;

[0015] Seawater monitoring module: used to start the water quality detection instrument on the buoy after the anchor chain length is adjusted to the right position, collect water quality detection data in sequence according to the set height difference, and compare the collected water quality detection data to find the location with the most serious seawater pollution;

[0016] Seawater analysis module: adjust the height of the water quality detection instrument so that it can comprehensively and continuously monitor the water quality detection data at the depth where the seawater pollution is most serious, and predict the distribution map of seawater pollution at a future time point based on the location of the seawater pollution source and the speed of pollution diffusion, and search the database for the corresponding microbial ecological restoration plan based on the water quality detection data at the depth where the seawater pollution is most serious and the pollution range;

[0017] Real-time monitoring module: used to activate the buoys in the seawater pollution distribution map after the implementation of the ecological restoration plan, continuously monitor the seawater quality and microbial content, and adjust the seawater pollution distribution map according to the water quality test data. At the same time, it predicts the time required for seawater pollution restoration and finds the required microbial concentration based on the water quality test data. When the detected microbial concentration is lower than the required microbial concentration, the microbial content is increased until the abnormal values ​​calculated based on the monitored water quality test data are all within the seawater standard range, and then the microorganisms in the seawater are cleaned up.

[0018] Furthermore, the water quality detection data obtained at regular intervals and by set height differences are collected by a water quality monitoring instrument with adjustable height on the buoy. The water quality monitoring instrument includes the pH value monitored by a pH sensor, the dissolved oxygen content monitored by a dissolved oxygen sensor, the conductivity detected by a conductivity sensor, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration monitored by an ammonia nitrogen sensor. The water quality detection data for comprehensive and continuous monitoring of the most seriously polluted seawater depths also includes turbidity detected by a turbidity sensor, nitrate ion concentration detected by a nitrate sensor, and chemical oxygen demand detected by a chemical oxygen demand monitor.

[0019] Furthermore, the calculation formula of the water evaluation value is as follows:

[0020] ;

[0021] In the formula, is the calculated water evaluation value, To monitor the pH value, is the average pH value of seawater at the monitoring point in the current season, To monitor the dissolved oxygen content, The average dissolved oxygen content of seawater at the monitoring point in the current season. To monitor the conductivity, is the average conductivity of seawater at the monitoring point in the current season, To monitor the ammonia nitrogen concentration, is the average ammonia nitrogen concentration of seawater at the monitoring point in the current season, a, b, c and d are the weight coefficients of the pH change rate, dissolved oxygen change rate, conductivity change rate and ammonia nitrogen concentration change rate, a<c<b<d.

[0022] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the abnormal value of each water quality test data is as follows:

[0023] ;

[0024] In the formula, is the outlier value of the i-th water quality detection data, is the water evaluation value of the ith monitoring point, is the average water evaluation value of n monitoring points, is the number of buoys;

[0025] The standard interval is (-u, u), 2≤u≤5;

[0026] like , then determine The seawater corresponding to the buoy location is not polluted;

[0027] like or , then determine The surrounding seawater pollution corresponding to the buoy position will issue a pollution signal warning.

[0028] Furthermore, the sea surface wind data is collected by measuring the wind speed through an anemometer installed on the buoy, and measuring the wind direction and the height of the fixed position of the buoy from the sea surface through a wind vane installed on the buoy;

[0029] When the wind blows from the sea to the coast, the current minimum safe length of the anchor chain The calculation formula is as follows:

[0030] ;

[0031] In the formula, It is the height of the fixed position of the buoy from the sea surface when the buoy is released. is the height of sea level rise, , f, g are all constant coefficients, A>1, f>1, is the wind speed, is the influence coefficient when the wind blows from the sea to the coast;

[0032] The current minimum safe length of the anchor chain when the wind blows from the coast to the sea The calculation formula is as follows:

[0033] ;

[0034] In the formula, h is a constant coefficient, h>1, is the influence coefficient of wind blowing from the coast to the sea surface, It is the distance the wind travels from the coast to the fixed location of the buoy.

[0035] Furthermore, the steps of collecting water quality test data in sequence according to the set height difference are as follows;

[0036] Initial collection of water quality data: water quality test data is collected starting from the sea surface where the buoy is located;

[0037] The water quality detection instrument is lowered along the anchor chain, and the water quality detection data is measured every time it descends P meters. After descending j times to the seabed, the j+1 data is collected, and the j+1 set of water evaluation values ​​is calculated;

[0038] Secondary collection of water quality data: Collect water quality test data starting from the fallen seabed;

[0039] The water quality detection instrument rises along the anchor chain, measuring water quality detection data every time it rises P meters. It rises j times to the sea surface, collects j+1 data, and calculates j+1 sets of water evaluation values;

[0040] The average value of the water evaluation value at the same height of the same buoy is calculated, and each buoy obtains j+1 sets of water evaluation value data.

[0041] Furthermore, the steps to compare the collected water quality test data and find the most seriously polluted seawater locations are as follows:

[0042] Compare the j+1 groups of water evaluation value data collected by each buoy, obtain the depth corresponding to the maximum water evaluation value data, and obtain a total of j+1 groups of depth data;

[0043] Compare j+1 groups of depth data, obtain the mode of the depth data, then compare the water evaluation value data corresponding to the mode data, extract the largest three groups of water evaluation value data, retrieve the buoy position data and buoy fixed position data corresponding to the three groups of water evaluation value data, take one of the buoy position coordinates as the origin and the sea level as the xy plane, and construct a three-dimensional coordinate system;

[0044] According to the adjusted position coordinates of the buoy at the i-th position (x i 1, y i 1, z i 1) Buoy fixed position coordinates (x i 2, y i 2, z i 2) and depth data z i 3 Calculate the corresponding collection point position coordinates (x i 3, y i 3, z i 3);

[0045] ;

[0046] ;

[0047] And based on the three sets of collection point location coordinates, the coordinates of the most seriously polluted seawater location (xn, yn, zn) are analyzed:

[0048] The distances between the calculated coordinates of the location with the most serious seawater pollution and the three sets of coordinates satisfy the following relationship:

[0049] ;

[0050] In the formula, , and are the distances between the coordinates of the location with the most serious seawater pollution and the three groups of coordinates, , and They are the angles between the wind direction and the three directions formed by the location where the seawater pollution is the most serious and the three sets of coordinate positions as the end points.

[0051] Furthermore, the depth of the water quality testing instrument after adjustment is z i 3. The calculation formula for pollution diffusion rate is as follows:

[0052] ;

[0053] In the formula, is the pollution diffusion rate, is the speed at which pollution spreads over windless seas, is the angle between the pollution diffusion direction and the wind direction, is a natural constant, is the influence coefficient of wind force on the diffusion speed of pollution, ;

[0054] Then, based on the marine pollution diffusion model, the scope of seawater pollution is calculated and a seawater pollution distribution map is generated.

[0055] Further, predict the time required for seawater pollution repair The steps are as follows:

[0056] Collect water evaluation values ​​for the most polluted areas and the water evaluation value of the area during the last repair cycle ;

[0057] The water evaluation value after β repair cycles in the future is predicted, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0058] ;

[0059] In the formula, is the predicted water evaluation value after β repair cycles, is a constant coefficient, >1;

[0060] Will Compared with the set current season seawater standard water evaluation value Compare until Less than , obtain the required repair cycle β´ at this time; then calculate the time required for seawater pollution repair, the time required for seawater pollution repair = the required repair cycle β´× the number of days included in the repair cycle.

[0061] Furthermore, a water quality data monitoring method applied to a shallow sea buoy comprises the following steps:

[0062] Regularly obtain water quality test data transmitted by buoys at various points in the shallow sea, calculate the water evaluation value based on the water quality test data, and then calculate the abnormal value of each water quality test data based on the water evaluation value, and compare the abnormal value with the set standard interval. According to the comparison result, judge whether the seawater is polluted, and issue a pollution signal warning when the seawater is polluted;

[0063] After receiving the pollution signal, the sea surface wind data is collected, the current minimum safe length of the anchor chain is calculated according to the sea surface wind data, and the length of the anchor chain is adjusted according to the calculation result;

[0064] After the anchor chain length is adjusted to the right position, the water quality detection instrument on the buoy is started to collect water quality detection data in sequence according to the set height difference, and the collected water quality detection data are compared to find the location with the most serious seawater pollution;

[0065] Adjust the height of the water quality detection instrument so that it can comprehensively and continuously monitor the water quality detection data at the depth where the seawater pollution is most serious, and predict the distribution map of seawater pollution at a future time point based on the location of the seawater pollution source and the speed of pollution diffusion, and search the database for the corresponding microbial ecological restoration plan based on the water quality detection data at the depth where the seawater pollution is most serious and the pollution range;

[0066] After implementing the ecological restoration plan, the buoys in the seawater pollution distribution map are activated to continuously monitor the seawater quality and microbial content. The seawater pollution distribution map is adjusted according to the water quality test data. At the same time, the time required for seawater pollution restoration is predicted, and the required microbial concentration is found based on the water quality test data. When the detected microbial concentration is lower than the required microbial concentration, the microbial content is increased until the abnormal values ​​calculated based on the monitored water quality test data are all within the seawater standard range, then the microorganisms in the seawater are cleaned up.

[0067] (III) Beneficial effects

[0068] The present invention provides a water quality data monitoring system and method applied to shallow sea buoys, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0069] 1. The present invention records a water quality data monitoring system applied to shallow sea buoys, which analyzes water quality detection data when in use, calculates a water evaluation value by comprehensively analyzing multiple data of water quality monitoring, and then calculates the abnormal values ​​between water evaluation values ​​between buoys by using the principle that pollution diffusion requires a certain amount of time. The abnormal values ​​can be used to clearly and intuitively understand the differences in seawater quality, thereby clearly understanding whether the seawater is polluted. Moreover, this method is relatively simple, the judgment is relatively fast, the use effect is good, and it has good application prospects.

[0070] 2. The present invention records a water quality data monitoring system applied to shallow sea buoys, which further analyzes the marine environment after seawater pollution and adjusts the positions of the buoys so that the buoys are evenly distributed on the sea surface. At the same time, the specific location of the pollution source is analyzed based on the comprehensive marine environment. This process reduces the interference of the marine environment as much as possible, locates the pollution source more accurately, has good use effect, and has good application prospects.

[0071] 3. The present invention records a water quality data monitoring system applied to shallow sea buoys, which can generate a seawater pollution distribution map and start shallow sea buoys for long-term monitoring and management based on the seawater pollution distribution map. There is no need to start all shallow sea buoys for supervision. The overall system is relatively intelligent and can also predict the time required for seawater pollution restoration, which is convenient for relevant managers to understand the pollution process and thus facilitate the supervision of seawater pollution restoration. It enables shallow sea buoys to be used for early pollution monitoring and later pollution recovery processes, making the application of shallow sea buoys more extensive, with good use effect and good application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0072] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a water quality data monitoring system applied to shallow sea buoys according to the present invention;

[0073] Figure 2 A distribution diagram of buoys in a water quality data monitoring system for shallow sea buoys according to the present invention;

[0074] Figure 3 The present invention is a working status diagram of a buoy in a water quality data monitoring method applied to a shallow sea buoy. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0076] The structure of existing buoy-type water quality monitoring equipment and the corresponding collection technology are very mature, but their specific applications and further processing of their data are not mature enough. For example, the existing technology recorded in the background technology is mainly the most basic application of buoys. The solution adopted is to compare actual water quality data with theoretical water quality data, and judge whether the water quality is polluted by comparing whether the actual water quality data is within the range of theoretical water quality data.

[0077] Therefore, the above scheme has great defects in actual use. The water quality data is composed of many items of data. The above comparison method is very time-consuming. In addition, the water quality data is always in a fluctuating state. The theoretical water quality data is different at different times. Therefore, the comparison is very difficult and often causes false alarms.

[0078] Moreover, the location of the pollution source it uses is relatively simple. The solution for calculating the location of the pollution source in this document has certain problems. The formula used in the model is mainly used to clarify the pollution location and calculate the pollution diffusion space. As for the reverse diffusion space, since the sea surface is three-dimensional and is affected by the environment, and the pollution source is unclear, the pollution diffusion speed is unknown, and the pollution time is uncertain, it is impossible to accurately analyze the location of the pollution source.

[0079] Most of the existing systems directly place buoys on the sea surface, regularly monitor the water quality data on the sea surface, and judge whether the water quality meets the requirements by whether the water quality data is standard. Since more than a dozen or even twenty items of data are monitored during water quality testing, if this method is used, each data in each buoy needs to be compared. This method will result in a large amount of data to be compared. Therefore, the data comparison time is very long and the efficiency is relatively low. It often misses the first time when pollution occurs and does not meet people's requirements.

[0080] Therefore, during the research and development process, the initial idea was how to improve efficiency, simplify the pollution detection process, integrate commonly used water detection data, and further analyze and set water evaluation values. Using water evaluation values ​​to judge water quality, the overall speed is relatively fast.

[0081] However, in actual use, it is found that water quality will fluctuate greatly at different times, so the corresponding standard water evaluation values ​​are also different. The use of a fixed water evaluation value scheme cannot accurately determine whether the water quality is standard or whether there is pollution, which does not meet people's usage requirements.

[0082] Therefore, in the middle of the research and development, we changed our thinking and studied how to quickly process water quality data to determine whether there is seawater pollution. Therefore, we developed a solution for further processing of water evaluation values. By calculating the outliers, we can quickly determine whether there are any abnormalities in the water quality.

[0083] However, in the actual use process, it was found that the above was only the initial stage of water pollution, and it did not participate in the subsequent pollution control and other aspects. Therefore, the utilization rate of the buoy was relatively low, and it only played the role of collecting data. The buoy could not fully play its role and did not meet people's requirements.

[0084] Therefore, in the later stage of research and development, we fully combined the previous plans, further analyzed the impact of pollution, and the application of buoys in the subsequent pollution control process, and combined them to develop a complete water quality treatment plan.

[0085] The water quality treatment solution developed is a water quality data monitoring system applied to shallow sea buoys and a water quality data monitoring method applied to shallow sea buoys, wherein the application of the method is based on the system.

[0086] The data acquisition part is based on the existing biological buoy and the sensor on the buoy. The present invention is a further application of the buoy and does not change the structure of the buoy. Therefore, the structure of the buoy will not be introduced in detail.

[0087] The other part is the wireless module for transmitting data and the computer for processing data.

[0088] The software part is a water quality data monitoring system for shallow sea buoys as described below. Figure 1-3 As shown, it includes a data acquisition module, a buoy adjustment module, a seawater monitoring module, a seawater analysis module and a real-time monitoring module.

[0089] All data analysis applications are based on data collection, and data collection is based on a data collection module. The data collection module is wirelessly connected to the shallow sea buoy to obtain the data collected by the shallow sea buoy.

[0090] The data acquisition module regularly obtains the water quality test data transmitted by the buoys at various points in the shallow sea, calculates the water evaluation value based on the water quality test data, and then calculates the abnormal values ​​of each water quality test data based on the water evaluation value, and compares the abnormal values ​​with the set standard interval. Based on the comparison results, it determines whether the seawater is polluted, and issues a pollution signal warning when the seawater is polluted.

[0091] When this solution is applied, when the seawater is not polluted, it is only necessary to collect the pH value monitored by the pH sensor, the dissolved oxygen content monitored by the dissolved oxygen sensor, the conductivity detected by the conductivity sensor, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration monitored by the ammonia nitrogen sensor. When pollution occurs, it is only necessary to collect the above data when locating the pollution. Data collection is not required until the source of pollution is determined and a comprehensive analysis is conducted. For example, it is also necessary to collect the turbidity detected by the turbidity sensor, the nitrate ion concentration detected by the nitrate sensor, and the chemical oxygen demand detected by the chemical oxygen demand monitor.

[0092] The water quality detection data obtained at regular intervals and by setting the height difference are collected by a water quality monitoring instrument with adjustable height on the buoy. This is also a commonly used technology, so no detailed description will be given.

[0093] Data such as wind speed are measurement functions that the buoy already has, so we will not describe them in detail here.

[0094] After the data acquisition module collects the data, it will further analyze the data, comprehensively analyze the collected seawater quality test data, and calculate the corresponding water evaluation value. The calculation formula of the water evaluation value is as follows:

[0095] ;

[0096] In the formula, is the calculated water evaluation value, To monitor the pH value, is the average pH value of seawater at the monitoring point in the current season, To monitor the dissolved oxygen content, The average dissolved oxygen content of seawater at the monitoring point in the current season. To monitor the conductivity, is the average conductivity of seawater at the monitoring point in the current season, To monitor the ammonia nitrogen concentration, is the average ammonia nitrogen concentration of seawater at the monitoring point in the current season, a, b, c and d are the weight coefficients of the pH change rate, dissolved oxygen change rate, conductivity change rate and ammonia nitrogen concentration change rate, a<c<b<d;

[0097] The water evaluation value recorded in the present invention is based on past data. By comparing and analyzing past data, a coefficient corresponding to the proportion is analyzed by computer, thereby obtaining a calculation formula for the water evaluation value. By using the calculation formula for the water evaluation value, a comprehensive analysis is performed on the four data of seawater, so that the water quality can be analyzed more accurately.

[0098] After calculating the water evaluation value, if several buoys have several water evaluation values, further analysis is needed to determine whether there are abnormal water evaluation values. When there are abnormal water evaluation values, it means that there is definitely seawater pollution.

[0099] The formula for calculating the abnormal value of each water quality test data is as follows:

[0100] ;

[0101] In the formula, is the outlier value of the i-th water quality detection data, is the water evaluation value of the ith monitoring point, is the average water evaluation value of n monitoring points, is the number of buoys;

[0102] is the standard deviation of all water evaluation values.

[0103] The above can calculate whether there are any abnormalities in the water evaluation values ​​of all buoys. When there are abnormalities, the abnormal values ​​of the calculated water quality detection data will be significantly larger than the normal values.

[0104] The standard range is (-u, u), 2≤u≤5; the smaller u is, the more accurate it is. However, the quality of ocean water will also be affected by the movement of organisms and there is a certain degree of volatility. Therefore, the value of u cannot be too low, so it is limited to 2-5.

[0105] like , then determine The seawater corresponding to the buoy location is not polluted;

[0106] like or , then determine The surrounding seawater pollution corresponding to the buoy position will issue a pollution signal warning.

[0107] The present invention records a water quality data monitoring system applied to shallow sea buoys, which analyzes water quality detection data when in use, calculates a water evaluation value by comprehensively analyzing multiple data for monitoring water quality, and then calculates abnormal values ​​between water evaluation values ​​between buoys by using the principle that pollution diffusion requires a certain amount of time. The abnormal values ​​can be used to clearly and intuitively understand the differences in seawater quality, thereby clearly and explicitly understanding whether the seawater is polluted. Moreover, this method is relatively simple, the judgment is relatively fast, the use effect is good, and it has good application prospects.

[0108] In the ocean, affected by high tides, seawater flow and seawater impact, the anchor chain is generally placed longer. Therefore, the position of the buoy is not very accurate. In order to determine the location of the pollution source, the position of the buoy needs to be further corrected. This process is based on the buoy adjustment module.

[0109] After receiving the pollution signal, the buoy adjustment module collects sea surface wind data, calculates the current minimum safe length of the anchor chain based on the sea surface wind data, and adjusts the anchor chain length based on the calculation result.

[0110] When the anchor chain is shortened, the movement range of the buoy becomes smaller, and it will gradually approach the initial set position. At this time, its detection is more accurate and the positioning effect will be better.

[0111] The sea surface wind data is collected by measuring the wind speed through the anemometer installed on the buoy, and measuring the wind direction and the height of the buoy's fixed position from the sea surface through the wind vane installed on the buoy.

[0112] The design of the above-mentioned buoy is also commonly used on existing buoys and is a prior art.

[0113] When the wind blows from the sea to the coast, the current minimum safe length of the anchor chain The calculation formula is as follows:

[0114] ;

[0115] In the formula, It is the height of the fixed position of the buoy from the sea surface when the buoy is released. is the height of sea level rise, , f, g are all constant coefficients, A>1, f>1, is the wind speed, is the influence coefficient when the wind blows from the sea to the coast;

[0116] The current minimum safe length of the anchor chain when the wind blows from the coast to the sea The calculation formula is as follows:

[0117] ;

[0118] In the formula, h is a constant coefficient, h>1, is the influence coefficient of wind blowing from the coast to the sea surface, is the distance the wind travels from the coast to the fixed location of the buoy, .

[0119] For example, if the wind is blowing from the sea surface to the coast with a force of 8 m / s, the height of the fixed position of the buoy from the sea surface plus the height of the sea level rise is 50 meters. After calculation, the current minimum safe length of the anchor chain is about 65 meters.

[0120] Different wind directions cause different waves and different water depths. The same wind will cause different wave heights. Therefore, it is impossible to use one set of formulas to calculate the length. After computer processing and analysis, the formulas for the two different directions mentioned above are obtained.

[0121] The first formula is for the case where the wind blows from the sea to the coast, and the second formula is for the case where the wind blows from the coast to the sea.

[0122] After the position of the buoy is calibrated, in order to better understand the conditions of the sea water, the sea water will be further monitored to determine the location of the pollution source.

[0123] This solution is more accurate in monitoring fixed pollution sources, such as sewage pipes and sea surface pollution sources. For mobile pollution sources (floating objects on the sea surface), the monitoring effect is relatively weaker because they flow with the seawater. However, it is still better than the existing solution recorded in the background technology section, and its positioning of pollution sources is based on the seawater monitoring module.

[0124] After the anchor chain length is adjusted to the right position, the seawater monitoring module starts the water quality detection instrument on the buoy, collects water quality detection data in sequence according to the set height difference, and compares the collected water quality detection data to find the location with the most serious seawater pollution;

[0125] The steps for collecting water quality test data in sequence according to the set height difference are as follows (each buoy performs the following operations simultaneously);

[0126] Initial collection of water quality data: water quality test data is collected starting from the sea surface where the buoy is located;

[0127] The water quality detection instrument is lowered along the anchor chain, and the water quality detection data is measured every time it descends P meters. After descending j times to the seabed, the j+1 data is collected, and the j+1 set of water evaluation values ​​is calculated;

[0128] Secondary collection of water quality data: Collect water quality test data starting from the fallen seabed;

[0129] The water quality detection instrument rises along the anchor chain, measuring water quality detection data every time it rises P meters. It rises j times to the sea surface, collects j+1 data, and calculates j+1 sets of water evaluation values;

[0130] The average value of the water evaluation value at the same height of the same buoy is calculated, and each buoy obtains j+1 sets of water evaluation value data.

[0131] The steps to compare the collected water quality test data and find the most seriously polluted seawater are as follows:

[0132] Compare the j+1 groups of water evaluation value data collected by each buoy, obtain the depth corresponding to the maximum water evaluation value data, and obtain a total of j+1 groups of depth data;

[0133] Compare j+1 groups of depth data, obtain the mode of the depth data, then compare the water evaluation value data corresponding to the mode data, extract the largest three groups of water evaluation value data, retrieve the buoy position data and buoy fixed position data corresponding to the three groups of water evaluation value data, take one of the buoy position coordinates as the origin and the sea level as the xy plane, and construct a three-dimensional coordinate system;

[0134] According to the adjusted position coordinates of the buoy at the i-th position (x i 1, y i 1, z i 1) Buoy fixed position coordinates (x i 2, y i 2, z i 2) and depth data z i 3 Calculate the corresponding collection point position coordinates (x i 3, y i 3, z i 3);

[0135] ;

[0136] ;

[0137] And based on the three sets of collection point location coordinates, the coordinates of the most seriously polluted seawater location (xn, yn, zn) are analyzed:

[0138] The above is mainly affected by water flow. Therefore, the degree of pollution in different directions is different, and the coordinates of the pollution source cannot be calculated using the most common same distance.

[0139] The straight line is determined by two known points, and then the height data of the third point is substituted into the determined straight line equation to calculate the coordinates of the third point.

[0140] The distances between the calculated coordinates of the location with the most serious seawater pollution and the three sets of coordinates satisfy the following relationship:

[0141] ;

[0142] In the formula, , and are the distances between the coordinates of the location with the most serious seawater pollution and the three groups of coordinates, , and They are the angles between the wind direction and the three directions formed by the location where the seawater pollution is the most serious and the three sets of coordinate positions as the end points.

[0143] Sewage positioning is achieved by adopting a single-plane three-point positioning method.

[0144] A high-precision three-point spatial positioning method can also be used, but this method calculates a lot of data and the amount of data calculated is extremely large, so this solution is preferred.

[0145] When the location of the pollution is known, it is necessary to comprehensively collect water quality data to determine the specific cause of the pollution, that is, the source of pollution, so as to better formulate a plan. This process is based on the seawater analysis module.

[0146] The seawater analysis module adjusts the height of the water quality detection instrument so that the water quality detection instrument can comprehensively and continuously monitor the water quality detection data at the depth where the seawater pollution is most serious (which can improve the accuracy of the collected data), and predicts the distribution map of seawater pollution at a future time point based on the location of the seawater pollution source and the pollution diffusion rate, and searches for the corresponding microbial ecological restoration plan in the database based on the water quality detection data at the depth where the seawater pollution is most serious and the pollution range (through the existing data search technology, so no excessive description is given);

[0147] The depth of the water quality testing instrument after adjustment is z i 3. The calculation formula for pollution diffusion rate is as follows:

[0148] ;

[0149] In the formula, is the pollution diffusion rate, is the speed at which pollution spreads over windless seas, is the angle between the pollution diffusion direction and the wind direction, is a natural constant, is the influence coefficient of wind force on the diffusion speed of pollution, ;

[0150] Then, based on the marine pollution diffusion model, the scope of seawater pollution is calculated and a seawater pollution distribution map is generated.

[0151] Greater than ,because Less than When the depth is not high, it is greatly affected by the seawater flow rate. At this time, the accuracy of the prediction by this formula is not high. The existing scheme can be directly used to calculate the natural diffusion rate of the pollution superimposed on the water flow velocity.

[0152] The present invention records a water quality data monitoring system applied to shallow sea buoys, which further analyzes the marine environment after seawater pollution and adjusts the positions of the buoys so that the buoys are evenly distributed on the sea surface. At the same time, the specific location of the pollution source is analyzed based on the comprehensive marine environment. This process reduces the interference of the marine environment as much as possible, locates the pollution source more accurately, has good use effect, and has good application prospects.

[0153] Relevant personnel will limit the spread of pollution and repair the seawater pollution according to the microbial ecological restoration plan. During the restoration process, it is necessary to monitor the pollution location in real time and make timely adjustments. This process is based on the real-time monitoring module;

[0154] Real-time monitoring module: used to activate the buoys in the seawater pollution distribution map after the implementation of the ecological restoration plan, continuously monitor the seawater quality and microbial content, and adjust the seawater pollution distribution map according to the water quality test data. At the same time, it predicts the time required for seawater pollution restoration and finds the required microbial concentration based on the water quality test data. When the detected microbial concentration is lower than the required microbial concentration, the microbial content is increased until the abnormal values ​​calculated based on the monitored water quality test data are all within the seawater standard range, and then the microorganisms in the seawater are cleaned up.

[0155] The method of monitoring the microbial content is to collect seawater from the corresponding location, then manually take the seawater away, conduct corresponding inspections, and obtain the microbial content. Because the data collected by this method is more accurate, the microbial content can also be estimated from aspects such as oxygen demand using multiple sensors as recorded in the prior art.

[0156] Predicting how long it will take to repair seawater pollution The steps are as follows:

[0157] Collect water evaluation values ​​for the most polluted areas and the water evaluation value of the area during the last repair cycle ;

[0158] The water evaluation value after β repair cycles in the future is predicted, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0159] ;

[0160] In the formula, is the predicted water evaluation value after β repair cycles, is a constant coefficient, >1;

[0161] Will Compared with the set current season seawater standard water evaluation value Compare until Less than , obtain the required repair period β´; seawater standard water evaluation value It is the maximum water evaluation value of the pollution-free area (the calculated outlier value meets the standard) detected by other buoys at the same time.

[0162] Then calculate the time required for seawater pollution repair, which is the time required for seawater pollution repair = the required repair cycle β´ × the number of days included in the repair cycle.

[0163] By predicting subsequent pollution control based on the pollution remediation results of the previous cycle, the predicted data will be more accurate and the effect will be better.

[0164] The present invention records a water quality data monitoring system applied to shallow sea buoys, which can generate a seawater pollution distribution map and start shallow sea buoys for long-term monitoring and management based on the seawater pollution distribution map. There is no need to start all shallow sea buoys for supervision. The overall system is relatively intelligent and can also predict the time required for seawater pollution restoration, which is convenient for relevant management personnel to understand the pollution process, thereby facilitating the supervision of seawater pollution restoration. It enables shallow sea buoys to be applied to early pollution monitoring and later pollution recovery processes, making the application of shallow sea buoys more extensive, with good use effect and good application prospects.

[0165] The weight coefficient is determined by the coefficient of variation method, which is a method of weighting each indicator according to the degree of variation between the current value of each evaluation indicator and the target value. If the numerical difference of an indicator is large, it can clearly distinguish the evaluated objects, indicating that the indicator has rich discrimination information, and thus the indicator should be given a larger weight. On the contrary, if the numerical difference of each evaluated object on a certain indicator is small, then the ability of this indicator to distinguish the evaluation objects is weak, and thus the indicator should be given a smaller weight. This method directly uses the information contained in each indicator and obtains the weight of the indicator through calculation, so it is objective.

[0166] A water quality data monitoring method applied to shallow sea buoys comprises the following steps:

[0167] Regularly obtain water quality test data transmitted by buoys at various points in the shallow sea, calculate the water evaluation value based on the water quality test data, and then calculate the abnormal value of each water quality test data based on the water evaluation value, and compare the abnormal value with the set standard interval. According to the comparison result, judge whether the seawater is polluted, and issue a pollution signal warning when the seawater is polluted;

[0168] After receiving the pollution signal, the sea surface wind data is collected, the current minimum safe length of the anchor chain is calculated according to the sea surface wind data, and the length of the anchor chain is adjusted according to the calculation result;

[0169] After the anchor chain length is adjusted to the right position, the water quality detection instrument on the buoy is started to collect water quality detection data in sequence according to the set height difference, and the collected water quality detection data are compared to find the location with the most serious seawater pollution;

[0170] Adjust the height of the water quality detection instrument so that it can comprehensively and continuously monitor the water quality detection data at the depth where the seawater pollution is most serious, and predict the distribution map of seawater pollution at a future time point based on the location of the seawater pollution source and the speed of pollution diffusion, and search the database for the corresponding microbial ecological restoration plan based on the water quality detection data at the depth where the seawater pollution is most serious and the pollution range;

[0171] After implementing the ecological restoration plan, the buoys in the seawater pollution distribution map are activated to continuously monitor the seawater quality and microbial content. The seawater pollution distribution map is adjusted according to the water quality test data. At the same time, the time required for seawater pollution restoration is predicted, and the required microbial concentration is found based on the water quality test data. When the detected microbial concentration is lower than the required microbial concentration, the microbial content is increased until the abnormal values ​​calculated based on the monitored water quality test data are all within the seawater standard range, then the microorganisms in the seawater are cleaned up.

[0172] All formulas in this application are obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation to obtain a formula for the most recent real situation. The preset parameters in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0173] The above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. A person of ordinary skill in the art may appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented in electronic hardware, or in a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0174] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, and may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0175] The above description is only a specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A water quality data monitoring system applied to shallow sea buoys, characterized in that: include: Data acquisition module: used to regularly obtain water quality test data transmitted by buoys at various points in the shallow sea, calculate the water evaluation value based on the water quality test data, and then calculate the abnormal values ​​of each water quality test data based on the water evaluation value, and compare the abnormal values ​​with the set standard interval. According to the comparison results, it is judged whether the seawater is polluted, and a pollution signal warning is issued when the seawater is polluted; The calculation formula of the water evaluation value is as follows: ； In the formula, is the calculated water evaluation value, To monitor the pH value, is the average pH value of seawater at the monitoring point in the current season, To monitor the dissolved oxygen content, The average dissolved oxygen content of seawater at the monitoring point in the current season. To monitor the conductivity, is the average conductivity of seawater at the monitoring point in the current season, To monitor the ammonia nitrogen concentration, is the average ammonia nitrogen concentration of seawater at the monitoring point in the current season, a, b, c and d are the weight coefficients of the pH change rate, dissolved oxygen change rate, conductivity change rate and ammonia nitrogen concentration change rate, a<c<b<d; The formula for calculating the abnormal value of each water quality test data is as follows: ； In the formula, is the outlier value of the i-th water quality detection data, is the water evaluation value of the ith monitoring point, is the average water evaluation value of n monitoring points, is the number of buoys; The standard interval is (-u, u), 2≤u≤5; like , then determine The seawater corresponding to the buoy location is not polluted; like or , then determine Corresponding to the pollution of the surrounding seawater at the buoy location, a pollution signal warning is issued; Buoy adjustment module: used to collect sea surface wind data after receiving the pollution signal, calculate the current minimum safe length of the anchor chain according to the sea surface wind data, and adjust the length of the anchor chain according to the calculation result; Seawater monitoring module: used to start the water quality detection instrument on the buoy after the anchor chain length is adjusted to the right position, collect water quality detection data in sequence according to the set height difference, and compare the collected water quality detection data to find the location with the most serious seawater pollution; Seawater analysis module: adjust the height of the water quality detection instrument so that it can comprehensively and continuously monitor the water quality detection data at the depth where the seawater pollution is most serious, and predict the distribution map of seawater pollution at a future time point based on the location of the seawater pollution source and the speed of pollution diffusion, and search the database for the corresponding microbial ecological restoration plan based on the water quality detection data at the depth where the seawater pollution is most serious and the pollution range; Real-time monitoring module: used to activate the buoys in the seawater pollution distribution map after the implementation of the ecological restoration plan, continuously monitor the seawater quality and microbial content, and adjust the seawater pollution distribution map according to the water quality test data. At the same time, it predicts the time required for seawater pollution restoration and finds the required microbial concentration based on the water quality test data. When the detected microbial concentration is lower than the required microbial concentration, the microbial content is increased until the abnormal values ​​calculated based on the monitored water quality test data are all within the seawater standard range, and then the microorganisms in the seawater are cleaned up.

2. A water quality data monitoring system for shallow sea buoys according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water quality detection data obtained at regular intervals and by set height differences are collected by a water quality monitoring instrument with adjustable height on the buoy. The water quality monitoring instrument includes the pH value monitored by a pH sensor, the dissolved oxygen content monitored by a dissolved oxygen sensor, the conductivity detected by a conductivity sensor, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration monitored by an ammonia nitrogen sensor. The water quality detection data for comprehensive and continuous monitoring of the most seriously polluted seawater depths also includes turbidity detected by a turbidity sensor, nitrate ion concentration detected by a nitrate sensor, and chemical oxygen demand detected by a chemical oxygen demand monitor.

3. A water quality data monitoring system for shallow sea buoys according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sea surface wind data is collected by measuring the wind speed through the anemometer installed on the buoy, and the wind direction and the height of the buoy fixed position from the sea surface through the wind vane installed on the buoy; When the wind blows from the sea to the coast, the current minimum safe length of the anchor chain The calculation formula is as follows: ； In the formula, It is the height of the fixed position of the buoy from the sea surface when the buoy is released. is the height of sea level rise, , f, g are all constant coefficients, A>1, f>1, is the wind speed, is the influence coefficient when the wind blows from the sea to the coast; The current minimum safe length of the anchor chain when the wind blows from the coast to the sea The calculation formula is as follows: ； In the formula, h is a constant coefficient, h>1, is the influence coefficient of wind blowing from the coast to the sea surface, It is the distance the wind travels from the coast to the fixed location of the buoy.

4. A water quality data monitoring system for shallow sea buoys according to claim 3, characterized in that: The steps for collecting water quality test data in sequence according to the set height difference are as follows; Initial collection of water quality data: water quality test data is collected starting from the sea surface where the buoy is located; The water quality detection instrument is lowered along the anchor chain, and the water quality detection data is measured every time it descends P meters. After descending j times to the seabed, the j+1 data is collected, and the j+1 set of water evaluation values ​​is calculated; Secondary collection of water quality data: Collect water quality test data starting from the fallen seabed; The water quality detection instrument rises along the anchor chain, measuring water quality detection data every time it rises P meters. It rises j times to the sea surface, collects j+1 data, and calculates j+1 sets of water evaluation values; The average value of the water evaluation value at the same height of the same buoy is calculated, and each buoy obtains j+1 sets of water evaluation value data.

5. A water quality data monitoring system for shallow sea buoys according to claim 4, characterized in that: The steps to compare the collected water quality test data and find the most seriously polluted seawater are as follows: Compare the j+1 groups of water evaluation value data collected by each buoy, obtain the depth corresponding to the maximum water evaluation value data, and obtain a total of j+1 groups of depth data; Compare j+1 groups of depth data, obtain the mode of the depth data, then compare the water evaluation value data corresponding to the mode data, extract the largest three groups of water evaluation value data, retrieve the buoy position data and buoy fixed position data corresponding to the three groups of water evaluation value data, take one of the buoy position coordinates as the origin and the sea level as the xy plane, and construct a three-dimensional coordinate system; According to the adjusted position coordinates of the buoy at the i-th position (x i 1, y i 1, z i 1) Buoy fixed position coordinates (x i 2, y i 2, z i 2) and depth data z i 3 Calculate the corresponding collection point position coordinates (x i 3, y i 3, z i 3); ； ； And based on the three sets of collection point location coordinates, the coordinates of the most seriously polluted seawater location (xn, yn, zn) are analyzed: The distances between the calculated coordinates of the location with the most serious seawater pollution and the three sets of coordinates satisfy the following relationship: ； In the formula, , and are the distances between the coordinates of the location with the most serious seawater pollution and the three groups of coordinates, , and They are the angles between the wind direction and the three directions formed by the location where the seawater pollution is the most serious and the three sets of coordinate positions as the end points.

6. A water quality data monitoring system for shallow sea buoys according to claim 5, characterized in that: The depth of the water quality testing instrument after adjustment is z i 3. The calculation formula for pollution diffusion rate is as follows: ； In the formula, is the pollution diffusion rate, is the speed at which pollution spreads over windless seas, is the angle between the pollution diffusion direction and the wind direction, is a natural constant, is the influence coefficient of wind force on the diffusion speed of pollution, ; Then, based on the marine pollution diffusion model, the scope of seawater pollution is calculated and a seawater pollution distribution map is generated.

7. A water quality data monitoring system for shallow sea buoys according to claim 6, characterized in that: Predicting how long it will take to repair seawater pollution The steps are as follows: Collect water evaluation values ​​for the most polluted areas and the water evaluation value of the area during the last repair cycle ; The water evaluation value after β repair cycles in the future is predicted, and the calculation formula is as follows: ； In the formula, is the predicted water evaluation value after β repair cycles, is a constant coefficient, >1; Will Compared with the set current season seawater standard water evaluation value Compare until Less than , obtain the required repair cycle β´ at this time; then calculate the time required for seawater pollution repair, the time required for seawater pollution repair = the required repair cycle β´× the number of days included in the repair cycle.

8. A method for monitoring water quality data applied to shallow sea buoys, using any system described in claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: Regularly obtain water quality test data transmitted by buoys at various points in the shallow sea, calculate the water evaluation value based on the water quality test data, and then calculate the abnormal value of each water quality test data based on the water evaluation value, and compare the abnormal value with the set standard interval. According to the comparison result, judge whether the seawater is polluted, and issue a pollution signal warning when the seawater is polluted; After receiving the pollution signal, the sea surface wind data is collected, the current minimum safe length of the anchor chain is calculated according to the sea surface wind data, and the length of the anchor chain is adjusted according to the calculation result; After the anchor chain length is adjusted to the right position, the water quality detection instrument on the buoy is started to collect water quality detection data in sequence according to the set height difference, and the collected water quality detection data are compared to find the location with the most serious seawater pollution; Adjust the height of the water quality detection instrument so that it can comprehensively and continuously monitor the water quality detection data at the depth where the seawater pollution is most serious, and predict the distribution map of seawater pollution at a future time point based on the location of the seawater pollution source and the speed of pollution diffusion, and search the database for the corresponding microbial ecological restoration plan based on the water quality detection data at the depth where the seawater pollution is most serious and the pollution range; After implementing the ecological restoration plan, the buoys in the seawater pollution distribution map are activated to continuously monitor the seawater quality and microbial content. The seawater pollution distribution map is adjusted according to the water quality test data. At the same time, the time required for seawater pollution restoration is predicted, and the required microbial concentration is found based on the water quality test data. When the detected microbial concentration is lower than the required microbial concentration, the microbial content is increased until the abnormal values ​​calculated based on the monitored water quality test data are all within the seawater standard range, then the microorganisms in the seawater are cleaned up.

Images