Temperature adjusting system, temperature adjusting method and device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell control, in particular to a temperature adjusting system, a temperature adjusting method and a temperature adjusting device. In the system, a water inlet end of a backwater control valve is communicated with a backwater port of the electric pile, and a water outlet end of the backwater control valve is communicated with a water inlet end of a heat exchanger; the water outlet end of the three-way proportional valve is communicated with the water inlet of the electric pile, the first water inlet end of the three-way proportional valve is communicated with the water outlet end of the heat exchanger, the second water inlet end of the three-way proportional valve is communicated with the water outlet end of the water return control valve, and the water return port and the water inlet are communicated through a circulating pipeline arranged in the electric pile; the expansion water tank communicates with the first water inlet end of the three-way proportional valve, the temperature detection unit detects the water inlet temperature of the water inlet, and the control unit adjusts the opening degree of the three-way proportional valve based on the preset target temperature and the water inlet temperature. According to the scheme, the temperature adjusting capability of the electric pile of the closed non-circulating fuel cell can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fuel cell control technology, and in particular to a temperature regulation system, a temperature regulation method, and a device. Background Art

[0002] Closed, non-circulating fuel cell systems use hydrogen and oxygen as fuel. These gases are fed into a fuel cell stack, where they react to generate electricity. These fuel cell systems are often used as power systems for transportation equipment, such as automobiles and underwater vehicles. During operation, these systems produce water and heat in the stack. Therefore, the stack requires drainage and heat dissipation structures.

[0003] In related technologies, the heat dissipation circuit of a fuel cell stack is typically a simple circulation loop, meaning a circulating heat dissipation pipeline is pre-installed inside the fuel cell stack, with one end of the circulating heat dissipation pipeline serving as a water inlet and the other end as a water return. A circulating medium is introduced into the circulating heat dissipation pipeline, and a heat exchanger is connected between the water inlet and the water return. This allows the circulating medium, which has absorbed heat and heated up inside the fuel cell stack, to be introduced through the water return into the heat exchanger for cooling. The cooled circulating medium then re-enters the heat dissipation circulation pipeline inside the fuel cell stack through the water inlet. The continuous circulation of the circulating medium continuously removes heat from the fuel cell stack.

[0004] The power generation efficiency of the fuel cell stack is high only within a fixed temperature range. When the operating conditions change, for example, the power required by the equipment increases, the fuel cell stack needs to generate more electricity, which also increases the heat generated in the fuel cell stack. However, the contact area of ​​the heat exchanger with the external environment for heat exchange is fixed, that is, the cooling efficiency of the heat exchanger is fixed. Therefore, the efficiency of the heat dissipation circuit will be relatively low at this time, and the temperature of the fuel cell stack will increase, thus affecting the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell stack.

[0005] Therefore, how to further improve the temperature regulation capability of the closed non-circulating fuel cell stack is an issue that needs to be addressed urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a temperature control system, temperature control method and device that can improve the temperature control capability of the closed non-circulating fuel cell stack in order to solve the above technical problems.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a temperature control system, the system comprising a three-way proportional valve, a return water control valve, a heat exchanger, an expansion water tank, a temperature detection unit, and a control unit, wherein:

[0008] The water inlet of the return water control valve is connected to the return water port of the fuel cell stack, and the water outlet of the return water control valve is connected to the water inlet of the heat exchanger;

[0009] The water outlet of the three-way proportional valve is connected to the water inlet of the fuel cell stack, the first water inlet of the three-way proportional valve is connected to the water outlet of the heat exchanger, the second water inlet of the three-way proportional valve is connected to the water outlet of the return water control valve, and the return water port and the water inlet are connected through a circulation pipe arranged in the fuel cell stack;

[0010] The expansion water tank is connected to the first water inlet end of the three-way proportional valve, and the temperature of the cooling medium stored in the expansion water tank is lower than the temperature of the cooling medium at the water outlet end of the heat exchanger;

[0011] The output end of the temperature detection unit is connected to the input end of the control unit, and is used to detect the water temperature entering the water inlet;

[0012] The control unit is electrically connected to the three-way proportional valve and the return water control valve respectively, and the control unit adjusts the opening of the three-way proportional valve based on a preset target temperature and the inlet water temperature.

[0013] In one embodiment, a water pump is connected between the water outlet of the return water control valve and the second water inlet of the three-way proportional valve;

[0014] The temperature detection unit is also used to detect the return water temperature of the return water outlet;

[0015] The control unit is electrically connected to the water pump, and the control unit adjusts the rotation speed of the water pump based on the temperature difference between the return water temperature and the inlet water temperature.

[0016] In one embodiment, the return water control valve is a proportional valve, and the return water control valve is set to the maximum opening of the return water control valve.

[0017] In one embodiment, the system further comprises a monitoring unit, wherein:

[0018] The output end of the monitoring unit is connected to the input end of the control unit, and is used to detect the operation information of the fuel cell stack and send the operation information to the control unit;

[0019] The control unit determines whether the fuel cell stack is flooded based on the operation information, and outputs a temperature increase signal to the three-way proportional valve, the return water control valve, and the water pump when it is determined that the fuel cell stack is flooded.

[0020] The temperature rise signal controls the three-way proportional valve to reduce its opening, controls the return water control valve to reduce its opening, and controls the water pump to reduce its speed;

[0021] When the control unit determines that the water flooding of the fuel cell stack has disappeared, the control unit outputs a cooling signal to the three-way proportional valve, the return water control valve, and the water pump;

[0022] The cooling signal controls the three-way proportional valve to increase its opening, controls the return water control valve to increase its opening, and controls the water pump to increase its speed;

[0023] Among them, the flow rate of the first water inlet end of the three-way proportional valve is positively correlated with the opening of the three-way proportional valve, the flow rate of the second water inlet end of the three-way proportional valve is negatively correlated with the opening of the three-way proportional valve, and the discharge flow rate of the return water port is positively correlated with the opening of the return water control valve.

[0024] In one embodiment, the monitoring unit is a voltage monitoring unit:

[0025] The voltage monitoring unit is capable of acquiring the voltage signal generated by each bipolar plate in the battery stack;

[0026] The control unit compares the voltage signals generated by the bipolar plates with a preset voltage reference value. When the voltage signal generated by at least one of the bipolar plates is less than the voltage reference value, the control unit determines that the fuel cell stack is flooded.

[0027] In one embodiment, the stack includes a cathode drain port and an anode drain port, wherein:

[0028] The anode drain port is connected to the anode chamber of each bipolar plate in the stack;

[0029] The cathode drain port is connected to the cathode chamber of each bipolar plate in the fuel cell stack.

[0030] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a temperature adjustment method, which is applied to the temperature adjustment system described in the first aspect, and the method comprises:

[0031] Obtain the water temperature at the water inlet of the fuel cell stack;

[0032] Based on the inlet water temperature and a preset target temperature, a first adjustment instruction for the three-way proportional valve is determined, and the first adjustment instruction is output to the three-way proportional valve so that the inlet water temperature is equal to the target temperature. The first adjustment instruction is used to control the opening of the three-way proportional valve to increase or decrease.

[0033] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a temperature adjustment device, which includes a water inlet temperature acquisition module and an adjustment module, wherein:

[0034] A water inlet temperature acquisition module is used to obtain the water inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack;

[0035] The regulating module is used to determine a first regulating instruction for the three-way proportional valve based on the inlet water temperature and a preset target temperature, and output the first regulating instruction to the three-way proportional valve so that the inlet water temperature is equal to the target temperature, and the first regulating instruction is used to control the opening of the three-way proportional valve to increase or decrease.

[0036] The above-mentioned temperature regulation system, temperature regulation method and device, by adding an expansion water tank storing a cooling medium with a lower temperature, simultaneously introduces the cooling medium with a lower temperature from the heat exchanger and the expansion water tank through the first water inlet end of the three-way proportional valve; at the same time, the cooling medium with a higher temperature discharged from the return water port of the fuel cell stack is introduced through the second water inlet end of the three-way proportional valve; the ratio of the cooling medium introduced by the first water inlet end and the second water inlet end can be adjusted by the three-way proportional valve, thereby realizing the regulation of the water inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack; compared with the related art, in the embodiment of the present application, by adjusting the opening of the three-way proportional valve, the water inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack can be dynamically adjusted, thereby improving the temperature regulation capability of the fuel cell stack of the closed non-circulating fuel cell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or related technologies, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or related technical descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0038] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a heat dissipation circuit structure of a fuel cell stack in the related art;

[0039] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a temperature adjustment system according to an embodiment;

[0040] FIG3 is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship of a control unit in one embodiment;

[0041] Figure 4 The mapping relationship between the temperature difference and the rotation speed of the water pump in one embodiment;

[0042] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of a fuel cell stack in one embodiment;

[0043] Figure 6 A control logic diagram of a heating process in one embodiment;

[0044] Figure 7 A control logic diagram of a cooling process in one embodiment;

[0045] FIG8 is a schematic flow chart of the steps of a temperature adjustment method according to an embodiment;

[0046] FIG9 is a control logic diagram of a temperature adjustment method according to an embodiment;

[0047] FIG10 is a logic diagram of executing a temperature perturbation strategy in one embodiment;

[0048] FIG11 is a schematic flow chart of the steps of a temperature perturbation strategy according to an embodiment;

[0049] FIG12 is a structural block diagram of a temperature regulating device according to an embodiment;

[0050] FIG13 is a diagram showing the internal structure of a control unit in one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0052] Before describing the solution of this application, we first explain the relevant technologies. A closed, non-circulating fuel cell system uses hydrogen and oxygen as fuel, inputting them into the fuel cell stack to generate electricity through a chemical reaction. This type of battery system is often used as a power system for transportation equipment, such as automobiles or underwater submersibles. When a closed, non-circulating fuel cell system is operating, water is produced in the stack, generating heat. Therefore, the stack requires drainage and heat dissipation structures.

[0053] In the related art, the heat dissipation circuit of the battery stack is usually a simple circulation circuit, as shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 is a heat dissipation circuit of the battery stack in the related art. The return water port of the battery stack is connected to the heat exchanger N1 through a switch valve V1, and the heat exchanger N1 is connected to the water inlet of the battery stack through a switch valve V1. That is, a circulating heat dissipation pipeline is set inside the electric stack in advance, so that the return water port and the water inlet of the battery stack are connected inside the battery stack, and a circulating medium is introduced into the heat dissipation circuit. In this way, the circulating medium that absorbs heat and heats up inside the battery stack can be introduced from the return water port to the heat exchanger N1 for cooling, and the cooled circulating medium re-enters the heat dissipation circulation pipeline inside the battery stack from the water inlet. The continuous circulation of the circulating medium continuously removes the heat from the battery stack.

[0054] The fuel cell stack can only maintain a high power generation efficiency when it operates within a fixed temperature range. The contact area of ​​the heat exchanger N1 for heat exchange with the external environment is fixed, that is, the cooling efficiency of the heat exchanger N1 is fixed. Therefore, when the operating conditions change, the problem of insufficient temperature regulation capability of the heat dissipation circuit in the related technology will be highlighted. For example, if the power required by the equipment increases, the fuel cell stack will need to generate more electricity, which will also increase the heat generated in the fuel cell stack. However, the contact area of ​​the heat exchanger N1 for heat exchange with the external environment is fixed, that is, the cooling efficiency of the heat exchanger is fixed. Therefore, at this time, the efficiency of the heat dissipation circuit will be relatively low, and the temperature of the fuel cell stack will increase, thereby affecting the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell stack.

[0055] Therefore, how to further improve the temperature regulation capability of the closed non-circulating fuel cell stack is an issue that needs to be addressed urgently.

[0056] In order to improve the temperature regulation capability of a closed non-circulating fuel cell stack, in an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG2 , a temperature regulation system is provided. The system can be applied to a closed non-circulating fuel cell stack, as well as to other fuel cell stacks, and even to other devices and equipment that require heat exchange with the outside through a circulating pipeline.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG2 , the temperature control system includes a three-way proportional valve QA, a return water control valve QB, a heat exchanger N0, an expansion tank T, a temperature detection unit P0, and a control unit M; wherein:

[0058] The water inlet of the return water control valve QB is connected to the return water port of the fuel cell stack, and the water outlet of the return water control valve QB is connected to the water inlet of the heat exchanger N0; the water outlet of the three-way proportional valve QA is connected to the water inlet of the fuel cell stack, the first water inlet of the three-way proportional valve QA is connected to the water outlet of the heat exchanger N0, and the second water inlet of the three-way proportional valve QA is connected to the water outlet of the return water control valve QB; the expansion water tank is connected to the first water inlet of the three-way proportional valve QA, and the temperature of the cooling medium stored in the expansion water tank T is lower than the temperature of the cooling medium at the water outlet of the heat exchanger N0.

[0059] Referring to Figure 3, the output end of the temperature detection unit P0 is connected to the input end of the control unit M, which is used to detect the inlet water temperature of the water inlet and the return water temperature of the return water outlet; the control unit M is electrically connected to the three-way proportional valve QA and the return water control valve QB respectively, and the control unit M adjusts the opening of the three-way proportional valve QA based on the preset target temperature and the inlet water temperature.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present application, a circulation pipe is arranged inside the battery stack, and the return water port and the water inlet of the battery stack are connected through the circulation pipe. After the cooling medium enters the battery stack through the water inlet, it absorbs the heat generated inside the battery stack through the circulation pipe and then heats up. The heated cooling medium is discharged through the return water port of the battery stack, thereby conducting heat out of the battery stack and realizing heat dissipation of the battery stack. In the embodiment of the present application, the fuel cell coolant needs to comply with the requirements of the T / CAS 548-2021 hydrogen fuel cell coolant group standard. Fuel cell coolant is generally compounded with raw materials such as antifreeze and non-ionic corrosion inhibitor, and is used in the cooling system of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The antifreeze can be ethylene glycol antifreeze, propylene glycol antifreeze or other types of antifreeze, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0061] The cooling medium fed into the water inlet of the three-way proportional valve QA is a mixture of a lower-temperature cooling medium fed into the first water inlet and a higher-temperature cooling medium fed into the second water inlet. The cooling medium fed into the second water inlet is the higher-temperature cooling medium directly discharged from the stack's return water outlet; the cooling medium fed into the first water inlet is a mixture of the cooling medium cooled by the heat exchanger N0 and the cooling medium stored in the expansion tank T.

[0062] In the solution of the embodiment of the present application, by adding an expansion water tank T that stores a cooling medium with a lower temperature, two cooling media with lower temperatures, the heat exchanger N0 and the expansion water tank T, are simultaneously introduced through the first water inlet end of the three-way proportional valve QA; at the same time, the cooling medium with a higher temperature discharged from the return water outlet of the fuel cell stack is introduced through the second water inlet end of the three-way proportional valve QA; the ratio of the cooling medium introduced by the first water inlet end and the second water inlet end can be adjusted through the three-way proportional valve QA, thereby realizing the adjustment of the water inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack; compared with the related art, in the embodiment of the present application, by adjusting the opening of the three-way proportional valve QA, the water inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack can be dynamically adjusted, so that the water inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack is the target temperature, thereby improving the temperature regulation ability of the fuel cell stack of the closed non-circulating fuel cell.

[0063] Furthermore, the return water control valve QB is a proportional valve, and the discharge flow of the return water port of the fuel cell stack can be regulated by adjusting the opening of the return water control valve QB; specifically, the flow at the first water inlet end of the three-way proportional valve QA is positively correlated with the opening of the three-way proportional valve QA, the flow at the second water inlet end of the three-way proportional valve QA is negatively correlated with the opening of the three-way proportional valve QA, and the discharge flow of the return water port is positively correlated with the opening of the return water control valve QB.

[0064] The temperature detection unit P0 includes a water inlet temperature sensor and a water return temperature sensor; the water inlet temperature sensor detects the water inlet temperature of the cooling medium input into the water inlet of the fuel cell stack; the water return temperature sensor detects the return water temperature of the cooling medium discharged from the water return outlet of the fuel cell stack.

[0065] Furthermore, the return water control valve QB is set to its maximum opening. Under normal conditions, to maintain high power generation efficiency of the fuel cell stack, a coolant at a target temperature must be introduced into the water inlet of the fuel cell stack. The water inlet temperature sensor detects the water temperature at the fuel cell stack inlet, compares it with the target temperature, and adjusts the opening of the three-way proportional valve QA based on the comparison result.

[0066] Specifically, when the inlet water temperature is lower than the target temperature, the control unit M outputs a regulating signal to control the opening of the three-way proportional valve QA to decrease, thereby reducing the flow rate at the first water inlet end and increasing the flow rate at the second water inlet end, thereby increasing the inlet water temperature of the cooling medium at the water inlet until the target temperature is reached. When the inlet water temperature is lower than the target temperature, the control unit M outputs a regulating signal to control the opening of the three-way proportional valve QA to increase, thereby increasing the flow rate at the first water inlet end and decreasing the flow rate at the second water inlet end, thereby decreasing the inlet water temperature of the cooling medium at the water inlet until the target temperature is reached. The process of the control unit M regulating the opening of the three-way proportional valve QA based on the inlet water temperature and the target temperature is a dynamic regulation process.

[0067] In one embodiment, the target water temperature at the water inlet can be 65°C; in practice, since the control unit M adjusts the water temperature at the water inlet in a dynamic adjustment process, the target water temperature can fluctuate to some extent, for example, the target water temperature can be 65±2°C. The temperature of the cooling medium discharged through the return water port of the fuel cell stack is generally between 65°C and 75°C. The temperature of the cooling medium after cooling through the heat exchanger N0 is generally between 10°C and 20°C. The temperature of the cooling medium stored in the expansion tank T does not exceed the temperature of the cooling medium after cooling through the heat exchanger N0.

[0068] The control unit M adjusts the opening of the three-way proportional valve QA based on the inlet water temperature and the target temperature, using PID control. PID control is proportional, integral, and derivative control.

[0069] Furthermore, a water pump S0 is connected between the water outlet end of the return water control valve QB and the second water inlet end of the three-way proportional valve QA; the return water outlet temperature sensor can detect the return water temperature of the cooling medium discharged from the return water outlet; the control unit M is electrically connected to the water pump S0, and the control unit M adjusts the speed of the water pump S0 based on the temperature difference between the return water temperature and the inlet water temperature.

[0070] Specifically, after determining the temperature difference, control unit M adjusts the speed of water pump S0 based on the temperature difference and a preset mapping relationship. The speed of water pump S0 represents the flow rate of coolant entering the fuel cell stack from the water inlet and discharged from the water return port. The temperature difference between the return water temperature at the return water port and the inlet water temperature at the water inlet represents the amount of heat removed from the fuel cell stack by a unit of coolant.

[0071] When the temperature difference is large, that is, the return water temperature of the return water port is much greater than the inlet water temperature of the water inlet, this means that the cooling medium has extracted a lot of heat from the battery stack. Therefore, in order to maintain the temperature inside the battery stack at the target temperature, the discharge flow of the return water port should be appropriately reduced, that is, the rotation speed of the water pump S0 should be reduced, thereby reducing the heat extracted by the cooling medium. On the contrary, if the temperature difference is small, it means that the cooling medium has extracted less heat from the battery stack, and there is a risk of temperature rise inside the battery stack. Therefore, the discharge flow of the return water port should be appropriately increased, that is, the rotation speed of the water pump S0 should be increased, thereby increasing the heat extracted by the cooling medium. Specifically, the mapping relationship between the temperature difference and the rotation speed of the water pump S0 can be measured in advance based on the actual operating status of the battery stack, and is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0072] In one embodiment, the mapping relationship between the temperature difference between the return water temperature and the inlet water temperature and the rotation speed of the water pump S0 is shown in 4. Figure 4 The horizontal axis is the temperature difference between the return water temperature and the inlet water temperature, and the vertical axis is the speed of the water pump S0.

[0073] The internal structure of the battery stack is as follows Figure 5 As shown, the stack is equipped with multiple bipolar plates, which are the units that react hydrogen and oxygen through the proton module to generate electricity. When hydrogen and oxygen react to generate electricity, the water produced actually forms a water film that covers the cathode and anode of the bipolar plates through capillary forces. The stack is equipped with cathode and anode drain ports. The anode drain port connects to the anode chambers of each bipolar plate in the stack, allowing the water film attached to the anodes of each bipolar plate to accumulate and fall due to gravity and be discharged from the stack through the anode drain port. The cathode drain port connects to the cathode chambers of each bipolar plate in the stack, allowing the water film attached to the cathodes of each bipolar plate to accumulate and fall due to gravity and be discharged from the stack through the cathode drain port. If a large amount of water film adheres to the bipolar plates, it will cause flooding, resulting in a single-low phenomenon, which reduces the power generation efficiency of the bipolar plates. This single-low phenomenon is manifested as the voltage generated by the bipolar plates falling below the preset voltage reference value.

[0074] Therefore, in order to reduce the probability of flooding and also to shorten the duration of the flooding state, the temperature control system implemented in the present application further includes a monitoring unit P1. The output end of the monitoring unit P1 is connected to the input end of the control unit M, and is used to detect the operating information of the fuel cell stack and send the operating information to the control unit M. The control unit M determines whether the fuel cell stack is flooded based on the operating information.

[0075] Specifically, monitoring unit P1 is a voltage monitoring unit that can obtain operational information about the fuel cell stack, namely, the voltage signals generated by each bipolar plate within the stack. The output of the voltage monitoring unit is connected to the input of control unit M. Control unit M receives the voltage signals generated by each bipolar plate obtained by the voltage monitoring unit and compares the voltage signals generated by each bipolar plate with a preset voltage reference value. If the voltage signal generated by at least one bipolar plate is less than the voltage reference value, control unit M determines that the fuel cell stack is flooded.

[0076] When the control unit M determines that the stack is flooded, the control unit M executes a temperature perturbation strategy, which includes a heating process and a cooling process. The heating process controls the rapid heating of the stack, so that the water film on the bipolar plates in the stack is vaporized into water vapor. The cooling process controls the rapid cooling of the stack, so that the water vapor is quickly cooled and liquefied into liquid water. The liquid water accumulates under the action of gravity and is discharged from the stack through the anode and cathode drain ports of the stack, respectively, thereby reducing the duration of the bipolar plates being flooded.

[0077] The control logic of the heating process is as follows: Figure 6 As shown: when the control unit M determines that the fuel cell stack is flooded, it outputs a temperature increase signal to the three-way proportional valve QA, the return water control valve QB and the water pump S0; the temperature increase signal controls the three-way proportional valve QA to reduce its opening, controls the return water control valve QB to reduce its opening, and controls the water pump S0 to reduce its speed.

[0078] Specifically, during the temperature increase process, the control unit M generates a temperature increase signal when it determines that the stack is flooded. This temperature increase signal controls the three-way proportional valve QA to its minimum opening, which reduces the flow rate at the first water inlet to zero and maximizes the flow rate at the second water inlet. This reduces the flow rate of coolant from the heat exchanger N0 and the collision water tank through the three-way proportional valve QA into the stack's water inlet. Furthermore, the temperature increase signal controls the speed of the water pump S0 to a minimum threshold and the opening of the return water control valve QB to a minimum, minimizing the flow rate of coolant discharged from the stack's return water outlet. The logic for increasing the stack's temperature is to reduce the input of coolant and the discharge of coolant from the stack. Because the stack generates heat internally during power generation, this internal heat is used to increase the stack's internal temperature, allowing the water film attached to the bipolar plates to vaporize.

[0079] Furthermore, when the water film attached to the bipolar plate is vaporized into water vapor, the voltage generated by the flooded bipolar plate returns to the preset voltage reference value. When the voltage generated by each bipolar plate in the stack is equal to the voltage reference value, it is determined that the flooding state has disappeared, and the control unit M then executes the cooling process. The control logic of the cooling process is as follows: Figure 7 As shown: when the control unit M determines that the water flooding of the fuel cell stack has disappeared, it outputs a cooling signal to the three-way proportional valve QA, the return water control valve QB and the water pump S0; the cooling signal controls the three-way proportional valve QA to increase its opening, controls the return water control valve QB to increase its opening, and controls the water pump S0 to increase its speed.

[0080] Specifically, during the cooling process, the control unit M generates a cooling signal upon determining that the stack is flooded. This cooling signal controls the three-way proportional valve QA to its maximum opening, maximizing the flow rate at the first water inlet and minimizing the flow rate at the second water inlet. This increases the flow rate of the coolant in the heat exchanger N0 and the collision water tank through the three-way proportional valve QA into the stack's water inlet. Furthermore, a heating signal controls the speed of the water pump S0 to its maximum threshold and the opening of the return water control valve QB to its maximum, increasing the flow rate of the coolant discharged from the stack's return water outlet. The logic for heating the stack is to increase the input flow rate of the coolant while simultaneously increasing the flow rate of the coolant discharged from the stack's return water outlet. This allows the coolant to transfer more heat away from the stack, thereby liquefying the water vapor into liquid water. The liquid water accumulates under the influence of gravity and then exits the stack through the cathode and anode drains, respectively.

[0081] In an exemplary embodiment, a temperature control method is provided in an embodiment of the present application. This method can be applied to the temperature control system in the above-mentioned temperature control embodiment, and the temperature control method is executed by a control unit in the temperature control system. The definition of the temperature control system in this embodiment can refer to the specific definition in the above-mentioned temperature control system embodiment and will not be separately described in this embodiment of the present application. The control unit can be implemented by, but is not limited to, various personal computers, laptops, smartphones, tablets, Internet of Things devices, and servers. The server can be implemented as a standalone server or a server cluster consisting of multiple servers.

[0082] 8 , the temperature adjustment method may include steps 10 and 20, wherein:

[0083] Step 10: Obtain the water temperature at the water inlet of the battery stack;

[0084] Step 20: Based on the inlet water temperature and the preset target temperature, determine a first adjustment instruction for the three-way proportional valve, and output the first adjustment instruction to the three-way proportional valve so that the inlet water temperature is equal to the target temperature. The first adjustment instruction is used to control the opening of the three-way proportional valve to increase or decrease.

[0085] In an embodiment of the present application, the temperature detection unit includes an inlet temperature sensor and a return water temperature sensor; the inlet temperature sensor detects the inlet temperature of the cooling medium input into the water inlet of the fuel cell stack; the return water temperature sensor detects the return water temperature of the cooling medium discharged from the return water outlet of the fuel cell stack.

[0086] The return water control valve is set to its maximum opening. Under normal conditions, to maintain high power generation efficiency of the fuel cell stack, a coolant at the target temperature must be introduced into the water inlet of the fuel cell stack. The water inlet temperature sensor detects the water temperature at the fuel cell stack inlet and compares it with the target temperature. Based on the comparison result, it generates a first adjustment command to the three-way proportional valve to control the opening of the three-way proportional valve.

[0087] Specifically, when the inlet water temperature is lower than the target temperature, the control unit outputs a first adjustment instruction representing a reduction in opening to the three-way proportional valve to control the opening of the three-way proportional valve to decrease, thereby reducing the flow at the first water inlet end and increasing the flow at the second water inlet end, thereby increasing the inlet water temperature of the cooling medium at the water inlet until the target temperature is reached.

[0088] When the inlet water temperature is lower than the target temperature, the control unit outputs a first adjustment instruction indicating an increase in opening to the three-way proportional valve, thereby increasing the opening of the three-way proportional valve, thereby increasing the flow rate at the first water inlet end and decreasing the flow rate at the second water inlet end, thereby lowering the inlet water temperature of the cooling medium until the target temperature is reached. The process of the control unit adjusting the opening of the three-way proportional valve based on the inlet water temperature and the target temperature is a dynamic adjustment process.

[0089] The temperature regulation method in the embodiment of the present application adds an expansion water tank storing a cooling medium with a lower temperature, and simultaneously introduces two cooling media with lower temperatures, namely, the heat exchanger and the expansion water tank, through the first water inlet end of the three-way proportional valve; at the same time, the cooling medium with a higher temperature discharged from the return water port of the fuel cell stack is introduced through the second water inlet end of the three-way proportional valve; thereby, by introducing the three-way proportional valve, the ratio of the cooling medium introduced by the first water inlet end and the second water inlet end can be adjusted, thereby realizing the regulation of the water inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack; compared with the related art, in the embodiment of the present application, by adjusting the opening of the three-way proportional valve, the water inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack can be dynamically adjusted, thereby improving the temperature regulation capability of the fuel cell stack of the closed non-circulating fuel cell.

[0090] Specifically, the control unit M adjusts the opening of the three-way proportional valve QA based on the inlet water temperature and the target temperature by adopting PID control. PID control is proportional, integral, and derivative control.

[0091] Furthermore, a water pump is connected between the water outlet of the return water control valve and the second water inlet of the three-way proportional valve. Therefore, the temperature regulation method of the embodiment of the present application further includes: obtaining the return water temperature at the return water inlet of the fuel cell stack and determining the temperature difference between the return water temperature and the inlet water temperature; determining a target speed of the water pump based on the temperature difference and a mapping relationship; generating a second regulation instruction based on the target speed; outputting the second regulation instruction to the water pump; the second regulation instruction controls the water pump to adjust to the target speed; the mapping relationship represents the corresponding relationship between the speed of the water pump and the temperature difference.

[0092] In an embodiment of the present application, the return water outlet temperature sensor can detect the return water temperature of the cooling medium discharged from the return water outlet; the control unit is electrically connected to the water pump, and the control unit generates a second adjustment instruction to the water pump based on the temperature difference between the return water temperature and the inlet water temperature to adjust the speed of the water pump.

[0093] Specifically, referring to Figure 9, which is a schematic diagram of the control logic of the temperature regulation method in an embodiment of the present application, the control unit, after determining the temperature difference, generates a second regulation instruction to the water pump based on the temperature difference and a preset mapping relationship to adjust the water pump speed. The water pump speed represents the flow rate of the coolant entering the fuel cell stack from the water inlet and discharged from the water return port; the temperature difference between the return water temperature at the return water port and the inlet water temperature at the water inlet represents the amount of heat extracted from the fuel cell stack by a unit of coolant.

[0094] In the embodiment of the present application, the specific mapping relationship between the temperature difference and the rotation speed of the water pump is not specifically limited. In one embodiment, the mapping relationship between the temperature difference between the return water temperature and the inlet water temperature and the rotation speed of the water pump is as follows: Figure 4 As shown. Among them, Figure 4 The horizontal axis is the temperature difference between the return water temperature and the inlet water temperature, and the vertical axis is the speed of the water pump.

[0095] The stack is equipped with multiple bipolar plates, which are the units that react hydrogen and oxygen through the proton module to generate electricity. When hydrogen and oxygen react to generate electricity, the water produced forms a water film that covers the cathode and anode of the bipolar plates through capillary forces. The stack is equipped with cathode and anode drain ports. The anode drain port connects to the anode chambers of each bipolar plate in the stack, allowing the water film attached to the anodes of each bipolar plate to accumulate and fall due to gravity, and then be discharged from the stack through the anode drain port. The cathode drain port connects to the cathode chambers of each bipolar plate in the stack, allowing the water film attached to the cathodes of each bipolar plate to accumulate and fall due to gravity, and then be discharged from the stack through the cathode drain port. If a large amount of water film adheres to the bipolar plates, it will cause flooding, resulting in a single-low phenomenon, which reduces the power generation efficiency of the bipolar plates. This single-low phenomenon is manifested by the voltage generated by the bipolar plates being lower than the preset voltage reference value.

[0096] The temperature perturbation strategy can reduce the probability of flooding and also shorten the duration of the flooding state. FIG10 is a logic diagram for determining whether to execute the temperature perturbation strategy in an embodiment of the present application. A determination is made as to whether the fuel cell is activated. If the fuel cell is activated, the fuel cell is subjected to the temperature control method shown in steps 10 and 20 above. Further, a determination is made as to whether the stack has entered a flooding state. If so, the need to execute the temperature perturbation strategy is determined. The temperature perturbation strategy includes both a heating process and a cooling process.

[0097] In one embodiment, the temperature adjustment method of the present application further includes steps 30 to 50, as shown in FIG11 , wherein:

[0098] Step 30: Obtain operating information of the fuel cell stack, and determine whether the fuel cell stack is flooded based on the operating information.

[0099] Specifically, the monitoring unit is a voltage monitoring unit that can obtain operational information about the fuel cell stack, specifically the voltage signals generated by each bipolar plate within the stack. The output of the voltage monitoring unit is connected to the input of the control unit. The control unit receives the voltage signals generated by each bipolar plate obtained by the voltage monitoring unit and compares the voltage signals generated by each bipolar plate with a preset voltage reference value to determine whether the fuel cell stack is flooded.

[0100] Step 40: If it is determined that the fuel cell stack is flooded, a temperature increase signal is output to the three-way proportional valve, the return water control valve, and the water pump; the temperature increase signal is used to control the three-way proportional valve to reduce its opening, the return water control valve to reduce its opening, and the water pump to reduce its speed.

[0101] Step 50: When it is determined that the water flooding of the fuel cell stack has disappeared, a cooling signal is output to the three-way proportional valve, the return water control valve and the water pump; the cooling signal is used to control the three-way proportional valve to increase its opening, control the return water control valve to increase its opening, and control the water pump to increase its speed.

[0102] Specifically, when the voltage signal generated by at least one bipolar plate is less than the voltage reference value, the control unit determines that the stack is flooded. In one embodiment, when executing the temperature perturbation strategy, the present application first performs temperature perturbation to perform temperature increase control. The temperature increase process is to control the rapid temperature increase inside the stack, so that the water film on the bipolar plates in the stack is vaporized into a water vapor state. The temperature reduction process is to control the rapid temperature reduction inside the stack, so that the water vapor is quickly cooled and liquefied into liquid water. The liquid water accumulates under the action of gravity and is discharged from the stack through the anode drain port and cathode drain port of the stack, respectively, thereby reducing the duration of the bipolar plate in the flooded state.

[0103] Furthermore, when the water film attached to the bipolar plate vaporizes into a water vapor state, the voltage generated by the bipolar plate in the flooded state recovers to a preset voltage reference value. When the voltage generated by each bipolar plate in the fuel cell stack is equal to the voltage reference value, it is determined that the flooded state disappears, and the control unit executes a cooling process.

[0104] The control logic of the heating process is as follows: Figure 6 As shown: When the control unit determines that the fuel cell stack is flooded, it outputs a temperature increase signal to the three-way proportional valve, the return water control valve and the water pump; the temperature increase signal controls the three-way proportional valve to reduce the opening, controls the return water control valve to reduce the opening, and controls the water pump to reduce the speed.

[0105] Specifically, during the temperature-raising process, the control unit generates a temperature-raising signal upon determining that the stack is flooded. This temperature-raising signal controls the three-way proportional valve to its minimum opening, i.e., the flow rate at the first water inlet is zero and the flow rate at the second water inlet is maximized. This reduces the flow rate of coolant from the heat exchanger and the collision water tank through the three-way proportional valve into the stack's water inlet. Furthermore, the temperature-raising signal controls the water pump speed to a minimum threshold and the return water control valve opening to a minimum, minimizing the flow rate of coolant discharged from the stack's return water inlet. The logic for heating the stack is to reduce the input of coolant and the discharge of coolant from the stack. This is because the stack generates heat internally during power generation. This internal heat is then used to heat the stack internally, thereby vaporizing the water film attached to the bipolar plates into water vapor.

[0106] Furthermore, when the water film attached to the bipolar plate is vaporized into water vapor, the voltage generated by the flooded bipolar plate returns to the preset voltage reference value. When the voltage generated by each bipolar plate in the stack is equal to the voltage reference value, it is determined that the flooding state has disappeared, and the control unit executes the cooling process. The control logic of the cooling process is as follows: Figure 7 As shown: When the control unit determines that the water flooding of the fuel cell stack has disappeared, it outputs a cooling signal to the three-way proportional valve, the return water control valve and the water pump; the cooling signal controls the three-way proportional valve to increase its opening, controls the return water control valve to increase its opening, and controls the water pump to increase its speed.

[0107] Specifically, during the cooling process, the control unit generates a cooling signal upon determining that the stack is flooded. This cooling signal controls the three-way proportional valve to its maximum opening, maximizing the flow rate at the first water inlet and minimizing the flow rate at the second water inlet. This increases the flow rate of cooler coolant from the heat exchanger and the collision water tank through the three-way proportional valve into the stack's water inlet. Furthermore, a heating signal controls the water pump speed to a maximum threshold and the return water control valve to its maximum opening, increasing the flow rate of coolant discharged from the stack's return water outlet. The logic for heating the stack involves increasing the input flow rate of the coolant and simultaneously increasing the flow rate of coolant discharged from the stack's return water outlet. This allows the coolant to transfer more heat away from the stack, thereby liquefying the water vapor into liquid water. The liquid water accumulates under the influence of gravity and then exits the stack through the cathode and anode drains, respectively.

[0108] It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowcharts of the above embodiments are shown in sequence as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily performed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and these steps can be performed in other orders. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in the flowcharts of the above embodiments may include multiple steps or multiple stages, and these steps or stages are not necessarily performed at the same time, but can be performed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily to be performed in sequence, but can be performed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of steps or stages in other steps.

[0109] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides a temperature control device for implementing the aforementioned temperature control method. The solution provided by this device is similar to the solution described in the aforementioned method. Therefore, the specific limitations of one or more temperature control device embodiments provided below can be found in the above-described limitations of the temperature control method and will not be further elaborated here.

[0110] In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG12 , a temperature adjustment device is provided, including an inlet water temperature acquisition module 1201 and an adjustment module 1202 , wherein:

[0111] The water inlet temperature acquisition module 1201 is used to obtain the water inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack;

[0112] The adjustment module 1202 is used to determine a first adjustment instruction for the three-way proportional valve based on the inlet water temperature and a preset target temperature, and output the first adjustment instruction to the three-way proportional valve so that the inlet water temperature is equal to the target temperature. The first adjustment instruction is used to control the opening of the three-way proportional valve to increase or decrease.

[0113] In one embodiment, the temperature regulating device further includes a return water temperature acquisition module, wherein:

[0114] The return water temperature acquisition module is used to obtain the return water temperature of the return water inlet of the fuel cell stack and determine the temperature difference between the return water temperature and the inlet water temperature;

[0115] The adjustment module 1202 is also used to determine the target speed of the water pump based on the temperature difference and the mapping relationship, and generate a second adjustment instruction based on the target speed, and output the second adjustment instruction to the water pump. The second adjustment instruction controls the water pump to adjust to the target speed. The mapping relationship represents the corresponding relationship between the speed of the water pump and the temperature difference.

[0116] In one embodiment, the temperature regulating device further includes an operation information acquisition module, wherein:

[0117] An operation information acquisition module is used to obtain the operation information of the fuel cell stack and determine whether the fuel cell stack is flooded based on the operation information;

[0118] The regulating module 1202 is further configured to output a temperature increase signal to the three-way proportional valve, the return water control valve, and the water pump if it is determined that the fuel cell stack is flooded. The temperature increase signal is used to control the three-way proportional valve to reduce its opening, the return water control valve to reduce its opening, and the water pump to reduce its speed.

[0119] The regulation module 1202 is also used to output a cooling signal to the three-way proportional valve, the return water control valve and the water pump when it is determined that the water flooding of the fuel cell stack has disappeared; the cooling signal is used to control the three-way proportional valve to increase its opening, control the return water control valve to increase its opening, and control the water pump to increase its speed.

[0120] Each module in the temperature control device described above may be implemented in whole or in part through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. Each module may be embedded in or independent of a processor in a computer device in the form of hardware, or may be stored in a memory in the computer device in the form of software, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of each module.

[0121] In an exemplary embodiment, a control unit is provided. The control unit may be a terminal, and its internal structure may be shown in Figure 13. The control unit includes a processor, memory, an input / output interface, a communication interface, a display unit, and an input device. The processor, memory, and input / output interface are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface, display unit, and input device are connected to the system bus via the input / output interface. The processor of the control unit provides computing and control capabilities. The memory of the control unit includes a non-volatile storage medium and internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operating system and computer program stored in the non-volatile storage medium. The input / output interface of the control unit is used to exchange information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface of the control unit is used to communicate with external terminals via wired or wireless communication, which may be achieved via Wi-Fi, a mobile cellular network, NFC (near field communication), or other technologies. When executed by the processor, the computer program implements a temperature adjustment method. The display unit of the control unit is used to produce a visual image and may be a display screen, a projection device, or a virtual reality imaging device. The display screen can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the control unit can be a touch layer covering the display screen, or a button, trackball or touchpad set on the computer device casing, or an external keyboard, touchpad or mouse.

[0122] Those skilled in the art will understand that the structure shown in Figure 13 is merely a block diagram of a partial structure related to the scheme of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the control unit to which the scheme of the present application is applied. The specific control unit may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different component arrangement.

[0123] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the above-mentioned embodiments. In particular, any reference to memory, database, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the various embodiments provided herein may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, distributed databases based on blockchains. The processors involved in the various embodiments provided herein may be, but are not limited to, general-purpose processors, central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), digital signal processors (DSPs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), data processing logic devices based on quantum computing, and the like.

[0124] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0125] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A temperature control system, characterized in that: The system includes a three-way proportional valve, a return water control valve, a heat exchanger, an expansion water tank, a temperature detection unit and a control unit, wherein: The water inlet end of the return water control valve is connected to the water return port of the fuel cell stack, and the water outlet end of the return water control valve is connected to the water inlet end of the heat exchanger; The water outlet of the three-way proportional valve is connected to the water inlet of the fuel cell stack, the first water inlet of the three-way proportional valve is connected to the water outlet of the heat exchanger, the second water inlet of the three-way proportional valve is connected to the water outlet of the return water control valve, and the return water port and the water inlet are connected through a circulation pipeline arranged in the fuel cell stack; The expansion water tank is connected to the first water inlet end of the three-way proportional valve, and the temperature of the cooling medium stored in the expansion water tank is lower than the temperature of the cooling medium at the water outlet end of the heat exchanger; The output end of the temperature detection unit is connected to the input end of the control unit, and is used to detect the water inlet temperature of the water inlet; The control unit is electrically connected to the three-way proportional valve and the return water control valve respectively, and the control unit adjusts the opening of the three-way proportional valve based on a preset target temperature and the inlet water temperature.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that A water pump is connected between the water outlet end of the return water control valve and the second water inlet end of the three-way proportional valve; The temperature detection unit is also used to detect the return water temperature of the return water outlet; The control unit is electrically connected to the water pump, and the control unit adjusts the rotation speed of the water pump based on the temperature difference between the return water temperature and the inlet water temperature.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The water return control valve is a proportional valve, and the water return control valve is set to the maximum opening of the water return control valve.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The system further comprises a monitoring unit, wherein: The output end of the monitoring unit is connected to the input end of the control unit, and is used to detect the operation information of the battery stack and send the operation information to the control unit; The control unit determines whether the fuel cell stack is flooded based on the operation information, and when it is determined that the fuel cell stack is flooded, outputs a temperature increase signal to the three-way proportional valve, the return water control valve and the water pump; The temperature rise signal controls the three-way proportional valve to reduce its opening, controls the return water control valve to reduce its opening, and controls the water pump to reduce its speed; When the control unit determines that the water flooding of the battery stack has disappeared, the control unit outputs a cooling signal to the three-way proportional valve, the return water control valve and the water pump; The temperature reduction signal controls the three-way proportional valve to increase its opening, controls the return water control valve to increase its opening, and controls the water pump to increase its speed; Among them, the flow rate at the first water inlet end of the three-way proportional valve is positively correlated with the opening of the three-way proportional valve, the flow rate at the second water inlet end of the three-way proportional valve is negatively correlated with the opening of the three-way proportional valve, and the discharge flow rate of the return port is positively correlated with the opening of the return water control valve.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that The monitoring unit is a voltage monitoring unit: The voltage monitoring unit is capable of acquiring voltage signals generated by each bipolar plate in the battery stack; The control unit compares the voltage signals generated by the bipolar plates with a preset voltage reference value. When the voltage signal generated by at least one of the bipolar plates is less than the voltage reference value, the control unit determines that the fuel cell stack is flooded.

6. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The stack includes a cathode drain port and an anode drain port, wherein: The anode drain port is connected to the chamber of the anode of each bipolar plate in the battery stack; The cathode drain port is connected to the cathode chamber of each bipolar plate in the battery stack.

7. A temperature adjustment method, characterized in that: Applied to a temperature control system, the method comprises: Obtain the water temperature at the water inlet of the battery stack; Based on the water inlet temperature and a preset target temperature, a first adjustment instruction for the three-way proportional valve is determined, and the first adjustment instruction is output to the three-way proportional valve so that the water inlet temperature is equal to the target temperature. The first adjustment instruction is used to control the opening of the three-way proportional valve to increase or decrease.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The method further comprises: Obtaining the return water temperature of the return water inlet of the fuel cell stack, and determining the temperature difference between the return water temperature and the inlet water temperature; The target speed of the water pump is determined based on the temperature difference and the mapping relationship, and a second adjustment instruction is generated based on the target speed. The second adjustment instruction is output to the water pump. The second adjustment instruction controls the water pump to adjust to the target speed. The mapping relationship represents the corresponding relationship between the speed of the water pump and the temperature difference.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Acquiring operation information of the fuel cell stack, and determining whether the fuel cell stack is flooded based on the operation information; If it is determined that the battery stack is flooded, a temperature increase signal is output to the three-way proportional valve, the return water control valve and the water pump; The temperature rise signal is used to control the three-way proportional valve to reduce its opening, control the return water control valve to reduce its opening, and control the water pump to reduce its speed; When it is determined that the water flooding of the battery stack has disappeared, a cooling signal is output to the three-way proportional valve, the return water control valve and the water pump; The temperature reduction signal is used to control the three-way proportional valve to increase its opening, control the return water control valve to increase its opening, and control the water pump to increase its rotation speed.

10. A temperature regulating device, characterized in that: The device comprises a water inlet temperature acquisition module and a regulating module, wherein: A water inlet temperature acquisition module is used to obtain the water inlet temperature of the battery stack; The regulating module is used to determine a first regulating instruction for the three-way proportional valve based on the water inlet temperature and a preset target temperature, and output the first regulating instruction to the three-way proportional valve so that the water inlet temperature is equal to the target temperature, and the first regulating instruction is used to control the opening of the three-way proportional valve to increase or decrease.

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