Rotor assembly, permanent magnet synchronous motor and vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a rotor assembly, a permanent magnet synchronous motor and a vehicle. The rotor assembly comprises a rotor iron core which is provided with a plurality of permanent magnet grooves which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; the permanent magnets are arranged in the permanent magnet grooves; the plurality of magnetic conductive blocks are arranged corresponding to the plurality of permanent magnet grooves; and the magnetic conductive blocks are used for switching from a first position far away from the permanent magnet grooves to a second position close to the permanent magnet grooves under the condition that a fault event occurs, so that the magnetic conductive blocks carry out short circuit on the permanent magnets, and electromagnetic coupling between the rotor assembly and the corresponding stator assembly is relieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of motor technology, and more specifically, to a rotor assembly, a permanent magnet synchronous motor and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Permanent magnet synchronous motors have the advantages of high efficiency and high power density. The application of electric transmission systems using permanent magnet synchronous motors as traction motors has become the current mainstream and is widely used in the electric transmission systems of vehicles such as high-speed railways or urban rail transit.

[0003] When the vehicle has a drive system failure or is being towed, some or all of the motors in the electric drive system work in reverse towing conditions. At this time, the stator winding of the motor stator is not energized, and the motor rotor is idling under the action of external force. At this time, the electromagnetic coupling between the stator and rotor of the motor is not eliminated, and the winding coil will continue to cut the permanent magnetic field, generating a large induced electromotive force, resulting in a large circulating current in the winding coil. On the one hand, this current will cause the winding to heat up or even catch fire, and on the other hand, the large short-circuit current will generate a pulsating magnetic field, which will interact with the rotor's permanent magnetic field to generate vibration, directly endangering the vehicle's operating safety.

[0004] Therefore, how to avoid the impact of the back electromotive force generated by the permanent magnet synchronous motor during a fault on the safe operation of the motor has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application mainly provides a rotor assembly, a permanent magnet synchronous motor and a vehicle. Various aspects involved in the embodiments of the present application are introduced below.

[0006] In the first aspect, a rotor assembly is provided, comprising: a rotor core having a plurality of permanent magnet slots uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; a permanent magnet disposed in the permanent magnet slot; a plurality of magnetic conductive blocks disposed corresponding to the plurality of permanent magnet slots; the magnetic conductive blocks are used to: in the event of a fault, switch from a first position away from the permanent magnet slot to a second position close to the permanent magnet slot, so that the magnetic conductive blocks short-circuit the permanent magnets, thereby releasing the electromagnetic coupling between the rotor assembly and the corresponding stator assembly. According to the above technical means, in the event of a fault, the magnetic conductive blocks in the rotor assembly can be switched from the first position (working position) to the second position (protection position), short-circuiting the permanent magnetic flux of the rotor assembly, reducing the air gap magnetic field strength, and releasing the electromagnetic coupling between the rotor assembly and the stator winding. This technical solution can ensure the safety of the transmission system when a permanent magnet motor fails.

[0007] In some embodiments, the rotor assembly also includes at least one retaining mechanism; the retaining mechanism is connected to the plurality of magnetic blocks, and is used to retain the magnetic blocks in the first position when the fault event does not occur; and, in the event of the fault event, release the magnetic blocks so that the magnetic blocks move to the second position.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, a retaining mechanism is provided in the rotor assembly to limit the position of the magnetic block, so that the magnetic block can be kept in the working position when no fault occurs, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the motor.

[0009] In some embodiments, the retaining mechanism includes: a retaining disk, which is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the rotor assembly, and a protrusion is provided at the end of the retaining disk away from the rotating shaft, and the protrusion extends along the axial direction toward the side close to the magnetic conductive block, and the protrusion is used to: constrain the magnetic conductive block to the first position when the fault event does not occur, and, when the fault event occurs, separate from the magnetic conductive block to move the magnetic conductive block to the second position.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, the convex edge on the retaining disk is used to limit the magnetic conductive block, and the structure is reliable and easy to process.

[0011] In some embodiments, a lock is provided at one end of the magnetic block close to the retaining disk, and the lock is used to: when the fault event does not occur, abut against the surface of the protrusion close to the rotating shaft to constrain the magnetic block to the first position; and, when the fault event occurs, separate from the protrusion to release the constraint on the magnetic block.

[0012] According to the above technical means, the magnetic conductive block is locked with the convex edge of the retaining disk through the lock buckle, so that the magnetic conductive block can be locked in the working position.

[0013] In some embodiments, the retaining mechanism also includes a constraint unit, which is used to: apply a constraint along the axial direction to the retaining disk in the case where the fault event does not occur, so that the protrusion constrains the magnetic block to the first position; and, in the case of the fault event, release the constraint along the axial direction on the retaining disk, so that the constraint between the protrusion and the magnetic block is separated, and the magnetic block moves to the second position.

[0014] According to the above-mentioned technical means, by utilizing the constraint unit connected to the retaining disk, in the absence of a fault event, it can be ensured that the constraint on the magnetic block will not fail, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the motor; when a fault event occurs, the constraint on the magnetic block can be released in time to achieve the switching of the position of the magnetic block.

[0015] In some embodiments, the retaining mechanism further includes: a limiting unit, which is spaced apart from the retaining disk along the axial direction and is located on the side of the retaining disk away from the magnetic block, wherein the limiting unit is used to limit the movement distance of the retaining disk in the direction away from the magnetic block when the constraint of the retaining disk along the axial direction is released.

[0016] According to the above technical means, when the axial constraint of the retaining disk is released, the axial position of the retaining disk is limited by the limiting unit to prevent the retaining disk from colliding with other components in the motor.

[0017] In some embodiments, a first inclined surface is provided on the convex edge, and the first inclined surface extends in a direction away from the rotating shaft along a first direction from a side away from the magnetic conductive block to a side close to the magnetic conductive block; in the event of the failure event, the magnetic conductive block moves in a direction away from the rotating shaft under the action of centrifugal force and magnetic pull, and pushes the retaining disk to move along the axial direction away from the magnetic conductive block.

[0018] In some embodiments, the restraining unit includes an explosive bolt for connecting the retaining disk and the rotor core, and the explosive bolt can be explosively separated in response to the occurrence of the fault event to release the restraint on the retaining disk.

[0019] According to the above technical means, the constraint unit is set as an explosive bolt, which can ensure that the constraint of the retaining disk is released in time when a fault event occurs, thereby achieving rapid release of the magnetic block.

[0020] In some embodiments, the restraining unit comprises a self-releasing bolt for connecting the retaining disk and the rotor core, wherein the self-releasing bolt can be separated in response to the occurrence of the fault event to release the restraint on the retaining disk.

[0021] According to the above technical means, the self-releasing bolt has the characteristics of no explosion, self-releasing and reusable, and no gas release and debris will be generated during the releasing process.

[0022] In some embodiments, the retaining mechanism further includes a protective cover, which is disposed at an end of the retaining disk away from the magnetic conductive block, and the projection of the protective cover along the axial direction covers the explosive bolt.

[0023] According to the above technical means, by providing a protective cover, it is possible to prevent debris from being splashed into the motor after the explosive bolt is detonated.

[0024] In some embodiments, the constraint unit is a driving device connected to the retaining disk, and the driving device is used to: drive the retaining disk to move along the axial direction to one end close to the magnetic block when the fault event does not occur, so as to apply a constraint along the axial direction to the retaining disk, so that the convex edge constrains the magnetic block to the first position; and, in the event of the fault event, drive the retaining disk to move along the axial direction away from the magnetic block to release the constraint of the retaining disk on the magnetic block.

[0025] According to the above technical means, the axial position of the retaining disk is adjusted by an independently arranged driving device, and its control logic is simple; in addition, the driving device can also move the position of the magnetic block to any position between the working position and the protection position, thereby realizing adjustment between the maximum magnetic field and the minimum magnetic field.

[0026] In some embodiments, the driving unit is one of the following: an electromagnetic driving unit, a hydraulic driving unit, and a pneumatic driving unit.

[0027] In some embodiments, the explosive bolt has explosives and an igniter inside, and the igniter excites and ignites the explosive in response to the occurrence of the fault event to cause the explosive bolt to explode and separate; the excitation method of the igniter includes at least one of the following: electrical excitation, mechanical excitation, pressure excitation and hydraulic excitation.

[0028] In some embodiments, the fault event includes at least one of the following: a turn-to-turn short circuit occurs in the stator assembly; the temperature of the rotor assembly is greater than a first temperature threshold; the temperature of the stator assembly is greater than a second temperature threshold; the rotational speed of the rotor assembly is greater than a first rotational speed threshold.

[0029] In a second aspect, a permanent magnet synchronous motor is provided, comprising a stator assembly and a rotor assembly as described in the first aspect.

[0030] In a third aspect, a vehicle is provided, comprising the rotor assembly as described in the first aspect or the permanent magnet synchronous motor as described in the second aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a rotor assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the rotor assembly when the magnetic conductive block is located at the second position;

[0033] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 AA section view;

[0034] Figure 4is a structural schematic diagram of a retaining mechanism provided by another embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a retaining mechanism provided in yet another embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The embodiments of the present application provide a rotor assembly, a permanent magnet synchronous motor and a vehicle. The technical solution of the present application is further specifically described below through the embodiments and in combination with the accompanying drawings. In the specification, the same or similar figure numbers indicate the same or similar parts. The following description of the implementation mode of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings is intended to explain the overall concept of the present application and should not be construed as a limitation on the present application.

[0037] The permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is mainly composed of a stator assembly, a rotor assembly, a motor housing, etc. The stator assembly includes a stator core and a stator winding wound thereon. When a three-phase current is passed through the stator winding, a rotating magnetic field is generated. The rotating magnetic field interacts with the permanent magnetic field excited by the permanent magnet in the rotor assembly to provide torque for the rotor assembly.

[0038] Permanent magnet motors have a series of advantages such as small size, low weight, and high power density. They can output large torque at low speeds and have excellent low-speed performance. At the same time, my country is rich in rare earth mineral resources, and the manufacturing cost of permanent magnet synchronous motors is low. This makes permanent magnet synchronous motors widely used in electric vehicles, high-speed railways, urban rail transit, aerospace, and industrial production.

[0039] For example, for vehicles used in high-speed railways or urban rail transit, the use of electric drive systems using permanent magnet synchronous motors as traction motors has become the mainstream due to advantages such as higher efficiency and greater power density. However, there are still some problems in the actual application of such vehicles, which are explained in detail below.

[0040] When the vehicle has a drive system failure or is being towed, some or all of the motors in the electric drive system work in reverse towing conditions. At this time, the stator winding of the motor stator is not energized, and the motor rotor is idling under the action of external force. At this time, the electromagnetic coupling between the stator and rotor of the motor is not eliminated, and the winding coil will continue to cut the permanent magnetic field, generating a large induced electromotive force (also known as back electromotive force), resulting in a large circulating current in the winding coil. On the one hand, this current will cause the winding to heat up or even catch fire, and on the other hand, the large short-circuit current will generate a pulsating magnetic field, which will interact with the rotor's permanent magnetic field to generate vibration, directly endangering the vehicle's operating safety.

[0041] Therefore, how to avoid the impact of the back electromotive force generated by the permanent magnet synchronous motor during a fault on the safe operation of the motor has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0042] In view of the above problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a rotor assembly, a permanent magnet synchronous motor and a vehicle. The technical solution of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor assembly 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The rotor assembly 10 includes a rotor core 11 , permanent magnets 12 , magnetic conductive blocks 13 and a rotating shaft 14 .

[0044] The rotor core 11 has a plurality of permanent magnet slots 111 uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction. In the embodiment of the present application, the circumferential direction refers to the circumferential direction surrounding the axial direction of the rotor core 11, and the axial direction refers to the direction where the central axis of the rotor core 11 is located.

[0045] In some embodiments, the rotor core 11 includes a rotor support 112 and a plurality of rotor punchings 113. The rotor support 112 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 14 and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 14, and the plurality of rotor punchings 113 are stacked in the axial direction and sleeved on the core support 112.

[0046] The permanent magnet 12 is disposed in the permanent magnet slot 111. The permanent magnet refers to a magnet that can maintain magnetism for a long time, such as natural magnetite (such as ferromagnetic ore) and artificial magnet steel (such as iron-nickel-cobalt magnet steel, neodymium-iron-boron magnet steel, etc.).

[0047] The magnetic conductive blocks 13 are arranged corresponding to the permanent magnet slots 111 , and each magnetic conductive block 13 is arranged radially on a side of the corresponding permanent magnet slot 111 close to the rotating shaft.

[0048] The magnetic block 13 is used to switch from a first position away from the permanent magnet slot 111 to a second position close to the permanent magnet slot 111 in the event of a fault, so as to short-circuit the permanent magnet 12 and release the electromagnetic coupling between the rotor assembly 10 and the stator assembly. The fault event in the embodiment of the present application may include at least one of the following: a turn-to-turn short circuit occurs in the stator assembly, the temperature of the rotor assembly is greater than a first temperature threshold, the temperature of the stator assembly is greater than a second temperature threshold, and the rotation speed of the rotor assembly is greater than a first rotation speed threshold.

[0049] When an inter-turn short circuit occurs in the stator assembly, the permanent magnetic field of the rotor assembly interacts with the three-phase winding in the stator assembly, generating a large circulating current in the winding coil, causing the winding coil to heat up, threatening the safety of the stator assembly and the rotor assembly.

[0050] When the temperature of the rotor assembly and / or the stator assembly is high, it is easy to cause the permanent magnets in the rotor assembly to demagnetize, causing irreversible effects on the motor.

[0051] It can be understood that the first temperature threshold and the second temperature threshold may be the same or different, and the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.

[0052] When the rotor speed is high, a large back electromotive force will also be generated in the stator winding. In this case, if you want to ensure that the motor continues to output stably at this speed, you need to apply a demagnetization current to the rotor assembly, which will increase the power consumption of the motor.

[0053] Therefore, when any one or more of the above-mentioned fault events occur simultaneously, the position of the magnetic conductive block 13 is switched to release the electromagnetic coupling between the rotor assembly and the stator assembly, thereby ensuring the safety of the motor.

[0054] According to the principle of minimum magnetic resistance, the magnetic field will be distributed along the direction with smaller magnetic resistance, that is, Figure 1 In the rotor assembly shown, the magnetic flux lines of the permanent magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 12 will preferentially pass through the magnetic conductive block 13. Therefore, when the magnetic conductive block 13 is in the first position and the second position, the magnetic field in the rotor assembly 10 presents different distributions.

[0055] More specifically, when the magnetic block 13 is located at the first position away from the permanent magnet slot 111, an air gap is formed between the magnetic block 13 and the rotor core, and the magnetic resistance at this position is relatively large. The permanent magnetic field of the permanent magnet will preferentially pass through the rotor core with a smaller magnetic resistance, and at this time, the magnetic field strength of the air gap magnetic field of the rotor assembly 10 is relatively large. At this time, under the action of the stator magnetic field, the rotor assembly 10 can output with a relatively large power. Therefore, the first position is also called the working position.

[0056] When the magnetic block 13 is located at Figure 2 When the rotor is in the second position close to the permanent magnet slot 111 as shown, the permanent magnetic field of the rotor will gather toward the position of the magnetic guide block 13; or, when the magnetic guide block is in the first position close to the permanent magnet slot 111, the permanent magnetic field of the rotor does not pass through the air gap of the rotor assembly; or, when the magnetic guide block is in the first position close to the permanent magnet slot 111, the air gap magnetic field of the rotor assembly is 0. In this case, when the rotor assembly 10 rotates under the action of an external force, the stator winding will not cut the permanent magnetic field, thereby avoiding the generation of back electromotive force. Therefore, the second position is also called the protection position.

[0057] It should be noted that the present application does not limit the specific manner in which the magnetic block 13 switches its position in response to a fault event. For example, the magnetic block 13 may switch to the second position under the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotor assembly or the magnetic force of the permanent magnet; or, the magnetic block 13 may move to the second position under the drive of an external drive unit.

[0058] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, when a fault occurs, the magnetic block in the rotor assembly can be switched from the first position (working position) to the second position (protection position), short-circuiting the permanent magnetic flux of the rotor assembly, reducing the air gap magnetic field strength, and releasing the electromagnetic coupling between the rotor assembly and the stator winding. This technical solution can ensure the safety of the transmission system when a permanent magnet motor fails.

[0059] In some embodiments, the magnetic conductive block 13 is made of a material with high saturation magnetic induction intensity, such as 1J22 alloy, 2J10 alloy, 1J85 alloy, etc., and its saturation magnetic induction intensity can reach 2.4T or above, which is much greater than the saturation magnetic induction intensity of air and silicon steel sheets. The magnetic conductive block made of a material with high saturation magnetic induction intensity can achieve the maximum adjustment demand for the magnetic flux of the rotor assembly at the minimum size.

[0060] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The permanent magnet slots 111 include a first permanent magnet slot 1111 and a second permanent magnet slot 1112. The first permanent magnet slot 1111 and the second permanent magnet slot 1112 are symmetrically arranged about the center line of the D axis. The plurality of first permanent magnet slots 1111 and second permanent magnet slots 1112 in the rotor assembly 10 are arranged alternately and radially, that is, the first permanent magnet slots 1111 and the second permanent magnet slots 1112 are arranged in a V shape.

[0061] This rotor structure with V-shaped permanent magnet slots has the advantages of small leakage coefficient, no need for magnetic isolation measures on the rotating shaft, easier to control pole arc coefficient, high mechanical strength of rotor punchings, and not easy deformation of the rotor after installation. It can be used in many fields such as rail transportation and electric vehicles.

[0062] It should also be noted that in the rotor assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application, the arrangement of the permanent magnet slots is not limited to the above-mentioned V-shaped arrangement, and the arrangement of the permanent magnet slots can be any of radial, tangential or mixed arrangements.

[0063] exist Figure 1 and Figure 2In the example shown, the first permanent magnet slot 1111 and the second permanent magnet slot 1112 form a first opening near one end of the rotating shaft, and the width of the magnetic conductive block 13 along the direction perpendicular to the radial direction is not less than the width of the first opening, so that the end surface of the magnetic conductive block 13 near one end of the permanent magnet slot 111 can completely cover the first opening. In this way, when the magnetic conductive block 13 is located in the first position, the material with higher magnetic permeability accounts for a larger proportion in the iron core, which is more conducive to guiding the magnetic field into the magnetic conductive block 13.

[0064] The rotor core 11 has a recessed portion 114 that is recessed toward the direction close to the permanent magnet slot 111 . The recessed portion 114 is arranged corresponding to the permanent magnet slot 111 and is located on a side of the permanent magnet slot 111 close to the rotating shaft.

[0065] Correspondingly, one end of the magnetic conductive block 13 close to the permanent magnet slot 111 has a protrusion 131 , and the shape of the protrusion 131 matches the shape of the recess 114 . When the magnetic conductive block 13 is located at the first position, the protrusion extends into the recess 114 .

[0066] By providing a protrusion extending toward the permanent magnet slot on the magnetic conductive block 13, when the magnetic conductive block moves to the second position, the permanent magnetic field of the permanent magnet can be more quickly gathered in the magnetic conductive block with smaller magnetic resistance, thereby avoiding the iron core part reaching saturation first.

[0067] In some embodiments, the rotor core 11 has a plurality of slide slots 115 corresponding to the plurality of permanent magnet slots 111. Each slide slot 115 is arranged radially, and a first end of each slide slot 115 in the radial direction is close to the permanent magnet slot 111, and a second end is arranged spaced from the rotating shaft of the rotor assembly 10. The magnetic conductive block 13 can move in the slide slot 115 to move between the first position and the second position.

[0068] It should be understood that the radial direction here can be understood as a direction perpendicular to the aforementioned axial direction.

[0069] The first end of the slide slot 115 has a recessed area 1151 , and the recessed area 1151 matches the shape of the protruding portion 131 of the magnetic conductive block 13 . In other words, the recessed area 1151 forms the recessed portion 114 .

[0070] In some embodiments, the rotor assembly 10 also includes at least one retaining mechanism 15, which is connected to the plurality of magnetic blocks 13 and is used to retain the magnetic blocks 13 in a first position when no fault event occurs, and, in the event of a fault event, release the magnetic blocks 13 so that the magnetic blocks 13 can move to a second position.

[0071] According to the above technical solution, a retaining mechanism is provided in the rotor assembly to limit the position of the magnetic block, so that the magnetic block can be kept in the working position when no fault occurs, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the motor.

[0072] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 ,Should Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The AA partial cross-sectional view in FIG. 1 shows the specific structure of the retaining mechanism 15 .

[0073] Figure 3 The retaining mechanism 15 includes a retaining disk 151, which is sleeved on the rotating shaft 14 of the rotor assembly 10. The retaining disk 15 is provided with a flange 152 at one end away from the rotating shaft 14, and the flange 152 extends axially toward the side close to the magnetic conductive block 13.

[0074] The protruding edge 152 is used to constrain the magnetic block 13 in the first position when no fault occurs, and to separate from the magnetic block in the event of a fault so that the magnetic block can move to the second position.

[0075] According to the above technical solution, the convex edge on the retaining disk is used to limit the magnetic conductive block, and the structure is reliable and easy to process.

[0076] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 3 A lock 132 is provided at one end of the magnetic block 13 close to the retaining disk 151. When no fault event occurs, the lock 132 can abut against the surface of the flange 152 close to the rotating shaft 14 to constrain the magnetic block in the first position. When a fault event occurs, the lock 132 separates from the flange 152 to release the constraint on the magnetic block 13.

[0077] The lock buckle 132 can be integrally formed with the magnetic block 13, or can be two independent parts of the magnetic block 13. It can be fixedly connected by welding, bonding or threaded connection, etc., which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0078] According to the above technical means, the magnetic conductive block is locked with the convex edge of the retaining disk through the lock buckle, so that the magnetic conductive block can be locked in the working position.

[0079] In some embodiments, the holding mechanism also includes a constraint unit 153 for applying axial constraints to the holding disk 151. In the absence of a fault event, the constraint unit 153 can ensure that the holding disk 151 is located close to the magnetic block 13, so that the protrusion 152 can constrain the magnetic block in the first position; in the event of a fault event, the constraint unit 153 releases the constraint on the holding disk 151, and the holding disk 151 can move axially away from the magnetic block 13 in the opposite direction under the action of the magnetic block 13 or under the action of an external force, so that the constraint between the protrusion 152 and the magnetic block 13 is separated, and the magnetic block 13 moves from the first position to the second position.

[0080] According to the above-mentioned technical means, by utilizing the constraint unit connected to the retaining disk, in the absence of a fault event, it can be ensured that the constraint on the magnetic block will not fail, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the motor; when a fault event occurs, the constraint on the magnetic block can be released in time to achieve the switching of the position of the magnetic block.

[0081] In some embodiments, Figure 3 As shown, the holding mechanism 15 further includes a limiting unit 154 , which is spaced apart from the holding disk 151 in the axial direction and is located on a side of the holding disk 151 away from the magnetic conductive block 13 .

[0082] The limiting unit 154 is used to limit the moving distance of the retaining disk 151 in the direction away from the magnetic conductive block 13 when the axial constraint of the retaining disk 151 is released.

[0083] The limiting unit 154 can be Figure 3 The limiting ring shown in the figure is sleeved on the rotating shaft 14, and the limiting ring is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 14, or the limiting unit 154 can also be a plurality of limiting blocks fixed on the rotating shaft 142, and the specific structure is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0084] According to the above technical means, when the axial constraint of the retaining disk is released, the axial position of the retaining disk is limited by the limiting unit to prevent the retaining disk from colliding with other components in the motor.

[0085] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the convex edge 152 is provided with a first inclined surface 1521, which is inclined along a first direction (eg, away from the side of the magnetic conductive block 13 and toward the side of the magnetic conductive block 13) close to the magnetic conductive block 13. Figure 4 The first inclined surface 1521 extends in a direction away from the rotating shaft 14.

[0086] In the event of a failure, the magnetic block 13 moves away from the rotating shaft under the action of centrifugal force and magnetic pull, and the magnetic block 13 applies a force perpendicular to the first inclined surface 1521. The first inclined surface 1521 decomposes the force into a horizontal component away from the first direction and a vertical component radially outward. Under the action of the horizontal force component, the retaining disk 15 is pushed to move to the side away from the first direction, so that the flange 152 can be quickly separated from the magnetic block 13.

[0087] According to the above technical means, a conical surface is set between the convex edge and the lock buckle, and the centrifugal force and magnetic pull of the magnetic block are utilized to enable the magnetic block to quickly switch from the working position to the protection position, and push the retaining disk to move axially to achieve rapid release.

[0088] In some embodiments, Figure 5 As shown, a second inclined surface 1321 is provided on the lock buckle 132 , and the second inclined surface 1321 is parallel to the first inclined surface 1521 . When the magnetic conductive block 13 is in the first position, the second inclined surface 1321 fits with the first inclined surface 1521 to form a surface contact between the lock buckle 132 and the protruding edge 152 .

[0089] In some embodiments, Figure 3-Figure 5 As shown, the restraining unit 153 is an explosive bolt 1531 , which is used to connect the retaining disk 151 and the rotor core 11 . The explosive bolt 1531 can be separated in response to the occurrence of a fault event, thereby releasing the restraint on the retaining disk 151 .

[0090] As mentioned above, the rotor core 11 includes a rotor support 112 and a plurality of rotor punching sheets 113 , and the explosive bolts 1531 are connected between the retaining plate 151 and the rotor support 112 .

[0091] According to the above technical means, the constraint unit is set as an explosive bolt, which can ensure that the constraint of the retaining disk is released in time when a fault event occurs, thereby achieving rapid release of the magnetic block.

[0092] In some embodiments, the explosive bolt 1531 has explosives and an igniter inside, and the igniter is used to be activated in response to the occurrence of a fault event and ignite the explosive, causing the shear lock to shear off or break along the weakened groove of the bolt, thereby unlocking the two separated bodies.

[0093] The igniter may be excited by at least one of electrical excitation, mechanical excitation, pressure excitation and hydraulic excitation. For example, the igniter may be excited by receiving a current or voltage signal, or the igniter may be excited by a mechanical device such as a striker.

[0094] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 3-Figure 5The holding mechanism 15 further includes a protective cover 155 , which is disposed at one end of the holding disk 151 away from the magnetic block 13 , and the projection of the protective cover 155 along the axial direction covers the explosive bolt 1531 .

[0095] According to the above technical means, by providing a protective cover, it is possible to prevent debris from being splashed into the motor after the explosive bolt is detonated.

[0096] In some embodiments, the constraint unit 153 is a self-releasing bolt, which is used to connect the retaining disk 151 and the rotor core 11. More specifically, the self-releasing bolt is connected between the retaining disk 151 and the rotor support 112. The self-releasing bolt can be separated in response to the occurrence of a fault event, thereby releasing the constraint on the retaining disk.

[0097] According to the above technical means, the self-releasing bolt has the characteristics of no explosion, self-releasing and reusable, and no gas release and debris will be generated during the releasing process.

[0098] It can also be understood that when the restraining unit 153 is a self-releasing bolt, since this type of bolt will not generate debris due to explosion during the release process, the aforementioned protective cover may not be required.

[0099] In some embodiments, the constraint unit 153 is a driving device connected to the retaining disk 151, and the driving device is used to limit the axial movement of the retaining disk 151. In the case where no fault event occurs, the driving device drives the retaining disk 1512 to move axially to one end close to the magnetic conductive block 13 to apply axial constraints to the retaining disk 151, so that the convex edge 152 constrains the magnetic conductive block 13 to the first position; in the case of a fault event, the driving device drives the retaining disk 151 to move axially away from the magnetic conductive block 13 to release the constraint of the retaining disk 151 on the magnetic conductive block 13.

[0100] According to the above technical means, the axial position of the retaining disk is adjusted by an independently arranged driving device, and its control logic is simple; in addition, the driving device can also move the position of the magnetic block to any position between the working position and the protection position, thereby realizing adjustment between the maximum magnetic field and the minimum magnetic field.

[0101] In some embodiments, the driving device may be any one of an electromagnetic driving unit, a hydraulic driving unit and a pneumatic driving unit. The electromagnetic driving unit may be, for example, an electric actuator, the hydraulic driving unit may be, for example, a hydraulic cylinder, and the pneumatic driving unit may be, for example, a cylinder, etc. The specific types are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0102] An embodiment of the present application provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor, including a rotor assembly and a stator assembly, wherein the rotor assembly is the rotor assembly described in any of the above embodiments.

[0103] The permanent magnet synchronous motor can be applied in various fields such as aviation, national defense, industrial and agricultural production and daily life. Specifically, the motor can be applied to industrial drive devices, automation equipment, fans, pumps, compressors, machine tools, robots, and vehicles.

[0104] The vehicles may include land vehicles, air vehicles, water vehicles, industrial equipment, agricultural equipment or recreational equipment, etc.

[0105] Exemplarily, the water transportation vehicle may be a hovercraft, a motorboat, a motorboat, a fishing boat, a cruise ship, a sailboat, a yacht or other vessel.

[0106] The air transportation means may be an airplane, and the land transportation means may be a vehicle.

[0107] An embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle, which includes the rotor assembly or permanent magnet synchronous motor in any of the above embodiments.

[0108] In some embodiments, the vehicle is a transportation vehicle. Exemplarily, the vehicle is one of a commercial vehicle, a passenger car, a motorcycle, a flying car, and a train.

[0109] In some embodiments, the vehicle is an industrial vehicle or an engineering vehicle. Exemplarily, the vehicle is one of a forklift, a trailer, a tractor, an excavator, a bulldozer, and a crane.

[0110] In some embodiments, the vehicle may be an electric vehicle or a fuel vehicle, wherein the vehicle is exemplarily one of a pure electric vehicle / battery electric vehicle (PEV / BEV), a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), a range extended electric vehicle (REEV) and a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV).

[0111] In some embodiments, the vehicle may also be agricultural equipment (such as a lawn mower, a harvester, etc.), amusement equipment, a toy vehicle, etc.

[0112] In some embodiments, the vehicle may also be a high-speed railway train, an EMU train, an urban rail transit vehicle, etc.

[0113] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0114] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0115] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0116] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being “above”, “above”, and “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being “below”, “below”, and “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0117] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0118] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A rotor assembly, characterized in that: include: A rotor core having a plurality of permanent magnet slots uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; A permanent magnet is disposed in the permanent magnet slot; A plurality of magnetic conductive blocks are arranged corresponding to the plurality of permanent magnet slots; The magnetic conductive block is used to switch from a first position away from the permanent magnet slot to a second position close to the permanent magnet slot in the event of a fault, so that the magnetic conductive block short-circuits the permanent magnet and releases the electromagnetic coupling between the rotor assembly and the corresponding stator assembly.

2. The rotor assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that Also comprising at least one retaining mechanism; The holding mechanism is connected to the plurality of magnetic conductive blocks, and is used to hold the magnetic conductive blocks in the second position when the fault event does not occur; and In the event of the fault, the magnetic conductive block is released to move to the second position.

3. The rotor assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The holding mechanism comprises: A retaining disk, sleeved on the rotating shaft of the rotor assembly; A convex edge is provided at one end of the retaining disk away from the rotating shaft, and the convex edge extends along the axial direction of the rotor assembly toward a side close to the magnetic conductive block. The convex edge is used to: constrain the magnetic conductive block in the first position when the fault event does not occur, and to separate from the magnetic conductive block when the fault event occurs so as to move the magnetic conductive block to the second position.

4. The rotor assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The magnetic conductive block is provided with a lock buckle at one end close to the holding disk, and the lock buckle is used for: When the fault event does not occur, the magnetic block abuts against the surface of the convex edge close to the rotating shaft to constrain the magnetic block to the first position; and In the event of the failure, the block is separated from the protruding edge to release the constraint on the magnetic conductive block.

5. The rotor assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The holding mechanism further comprises a restraining unit, which is used for: In the case where the fault event does not occur, applying a constraint along the axial direction to the retaining disk so that the protruding edge constrains the magnetic conductive block to the first position; and In the event of the failure, the constraint on the retaining disk along the axial direction is released to separate the constraint between the protrusion and the magnetic conductive block, and the magnetic conductive block moves to the second position.

6. The rotor assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that The holding mechanism also includes: The limiting unit is spaced apart from the retaining disk along the axial direction and is located on the side of the retaining disk away from the magnetic block. The limiting unit is used to limit the movement distance of the retaining disk in the direction away from the magnetic block when the constraint of the retaining disk along the axial direction is released.

7. The rotor assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that The convex edge is provided with a first inclined surface, and along a first direction from a side away from the magnetic conductive block to a side close to the magnetic conductive block, the first inclined surface extends in a direction away from the rotating shaft; In the event of the failure, the magnetic conductive block moves away from the rotating shaft under the action of centrifugal force and magnetic pulling force, and pushes the retaining disk to move along the axial direction away from the magnetic conductive block.

8. The rotor assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The restraining unit includes an explosive bolt for connecting the retaining disk and the rotor core. The explosive bolt can be explosively separated in response to the occurrence of the fault event to release the restraint on the retaining disk.

9. The rotor assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The restraining unit includes a self-releasing bolt for connecting the retaining disk and the rotor core, and the self-releasing bolt can be separated in response to the occurrence of the fault event to release the restraint on the retaining disk.

10. The rotor assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that The holding mechanism further comprises a protective cover, which is arranged at one end of the holding disk away from the magnetic conductive block, and the projection of the protective cover along the axial direction covers the explosive bolt.

11. The rotor assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that The constraint unit is a driving device connected to the holding disk, and the driving device is used to: In the case where the fault event does not occur, driving the retaining disk to move along the axial direction to one end close to the magnetic conductive block to apply a constraint along the axial direction to the retaining disk, so that the convex edge constrains the magnetic conductive block to the first position; and In the event of the fault, the retaining disk is driven to move in the axial direction away from the magnetic conductive block to release the restraint of the retaining disk on the magnetic conductive block.

12. The rotor assembly according to claim 11, characterized in that The driving unit is one of the following: an electromagnetic driving unit, a hydraulic driving unit and a pneumatic driving unit.

13. The rotor assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that The explosive bolt has explosives and an igniter inside, and the igniter stimulates and ignites the explosives in response to the occurrence of the fault event, so that the explosive bolt explodes and separates; The excitation mode of the igniter includes at least one of the following: electrical excitation, mechanical excitation, pressure excitation and hydraulic excitation.

14. The rotor assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that: The fault event includes at least one of the following: The stator assembly has an inter-turn short circuit; The temperature of the rotor assembly is greater than a first temperature threshold; The temperature of the stator assembly is greater than a second temperature threshold; The rotational speed of the rotor assembly is greater than a first rotational speed threshold.

15. A permanent magnet synchronous motor, characterized in that: The permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a stator assembly and a rotor assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

16. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises: a rotor assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14, or a permanent magnet synchronous motor as claimed in claim 15.

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