Heat treatment device and method for large forgings

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat treatment device and method for large forgings, belonging to the technical field of forging production. The heat treatment device for large forgings comprises a furnace body provided with a heating device, and also comprises: a carrier, which is slidably connected in the furnace body and used for supporting and conveying large forgings; a furnace door, which is slidably connected to the opening of the furnace body, and the furnace body and the furnace door are both provided with side plates, and a hydraulic cylinder is provided between the two side plates; a heat storage box, which is arranged on the top of the furnace body, and the top of the furnace body is provided with an air intake channel and an exhaust channel connected to the heat storage box; the invention can store heat in the furnace body when the furnace door is opened, increase the initial temperature of subsequent forgings during tempering, reduce the energy consumption of the furnace body, and effectively prevent high-temperature air from causing harm to workers when the furnace door is opened, reduce the risk brought by opening the furnace door, prevent workers from being injured, and improve the safety of forging heat treatment work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of forging production, and in particular to a heat treatment device and method for large forgings. Background Art

[0002] Heat treatment refers to a metal heat processing technology that obtains the expected structure and performance by heating, keeping warm and cooling the material in the solid state. In the process from the Stone Age to the Bronze Age and the Iron Age, the role of heat treatment has gradually been recognized by people. A heat treatment furnace refers to an electric furnace or fuel furnace used for heat treatment of furnace materials. Heat treatment furnaces are divided into annealing furnaces, quenching furnaces, tempering furnaces, normalizing furnaces, and tempering furnaces. They are mainly used for annealing of large carbon steel and alloy steel parts; tempering of surface quenched parts; stress relief annealing of weldments, aging and other heat treatment processes.

[0003] The tempering furnace is used for tempering general metal parts in the air, as well as quenching, annealing, and aging heat treatment of light alloy parts such as aluminum alloy die castings, pistons, and aluminum plates. However, when heating forgings, the tempering furnace will generate a high temperature inside, so that when the staff opens the furnace door, the internal hot air will flow out from the furnace mouth, and the high-temperature air will cause damage to the staff. At the same time, after the furnace door is opened, the high-temperature air inside the furnace body is discharged, resulting in the loss of heat that cannot be effectively utilized, resulting in a low initial temperature when the furnace body continues to temper, and high energy consumption for tempering. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to propose a heat treatment device and method for large forgings.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A heat treatment device for large forgings, comprising a furnace body provided with a heating device, and further comprising:

[0007] A carrier, which is slidably connected to the furnace body and is used to support and transport large forgings;

[0008] A furnace door, the furnace door is slidably connected to the opening of the furnace body, the furnace body and the furnace door are both provided with side panels, and a hydraulic cylinder is provided between the two side panels;

[0009] A heat storage box, the heat storage box is arranged on the top of the furnace body, and the top of the furnace body is provided with an air intake channel and an exhaust channel connected to the heat storage box, and pneumatic seals are provided at the air intake channel and the exhaust channel;

[0010] The exhaust mechanism is arranged on the inner top of the furnace body, and the furnace body is provided with a transmission part connected with the hydraulic cylinder and used for driving the exhaust mechanism to move.

[0011] Preferably, the exhaust mechanism comprises a rotating tube rotatably connected to the furnace body, the rotating tube is provided with exhaust fan blades, and the inner wall of the furnace body is fixedly provided with a protective net for covering the exhaust fan blades.

[0012] Preferably, the transmission part includes a first outer shell fixed on the furnace body, the first outer shell is rotatably connected to a rotating rod, the rotating rod is provided with a transmission bevel gear, the first outer shell is rotatably connected to a first rotating rod, the first rotating rod is provided with a first bevel gear meshing with the transmission bevel gear, the first rotating rod is also provided with a driven gear, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to a first rack plate meshing with the driven gear.

[0013] Preferably, the transmission part also includes a second rotating rod rotatably connected to the furnace body, one end of the second rotating rod is provided with a second bevel gear meshing with the transmission bevel gear, the end of the second rotating rod away from the second bevel gear is connected to a third bevel gear, and the rotating tube is provided with a driven bevel gear meshing with the third bevel gear.

[0014] Preferably, a plug plate is slidably connected in the heat storage box, a first elastic element is arranged between the plug plate and the inner wall of the heat storage box, a positioning assembly for limiting the displacement of the plug plate is arranged on the side wall of the heat storage box, the positioning assembly comprises a movable groove provided on the heat storage box, a movable block which is movably arranged in the movable groove and is movably abutted against the furnace door, a support plate is arranged on the outer side of the movable block, a third elastic element is arranged between the support plate and the heat storage box, a second elastic element is arranged on the movable block, a positioning block is arranged at one end of the second elastic element away from the movable block, an extrusion slope is arranged at the bottom of the positioning block, and a positioning groove matching the positioning block is arranged on the plug plate.

[0015] Preferably, a screw is slidably connected inside the rotating tube, the screw is threadedly arranged with the furnace body, a guide bar is arranged on the rotating tube, a guide groove matching the guide bar is opened on the screw, and the end of the screw away from the rotating tube is connected to a top plate that movably resists the plug plate.

[0016] Preferably, a second outer shell is fixedly provided on the outside of the furnace body, a driving gear connected to the rotating rod is rotatably connected inside the second outer shell, a second rack plate meshing with the driving gear is provided on the carrier, and the carrier includes a movable bottom plate connected to the second rack plate and a grid plate fixed on the movable bottom plate.

[0017] Preferably, a third shell is fixedly provided on the top of the heat storage box, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected in the third shell, a lower gear and an incomplete bevel gear are provided on the rotating shaft, an upper gear meshing with the lower gear is provided on the top of the rotating rod, a fixed plate is fixedly provided on the top of the heat storage box, a winding rod is rotatably connected on the fixed plate, a sub-bevel gear meshing with the incomplete bevel gear is provided on the winding rod, a pull rope is connected to the winding rod, and an end of the pull rope away from the winding rod is connected to a partition sliding at the opening of the furnace body.

[0018] Preferably, the pneumatic seal comprises a support fixed on the furnace body, a fourth elastic element is arranged on the support, a conical plug is connected to one end of the fourth elastic element away from the support, and the conical plugs of the two pneumatic seals move in the air inlet channel and the exhaust channel respectively.

[0019] The present invention also discloses a heat treatment method for a large forging, which uses a heat treatment device for a large forging to perform heat treatment, and comprises the following steps:

[0020] S1: When the large forgings are subjected to tempering heat treatment, the hydraulic cylinder is controlled to operate, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder pushes the furnace door upward to open the furnace body opening. When the piston rod moves upward, the first rack plate on the outside is meshed with the driven gear on the first rotating rod for transmission, and the first rotating rod drives the first bevel gear to mesh with the transmission bevel gear on the rotating rod for transmission. The rotating rod rotates and causes the driving gear at the bottom to mesh with the second rack plate on the carrier for transmission, so that when the furnace door moves upward, the second rack plate drives the carrier to slide toward the outside of the furnace body, and when the furnace door moves upward, it presses the movable block, and the movable block drives the positioning block to move into the heat storage box through the second elastic element;

[0021] S2: When the rotating rod rotates, the outer transmission bevel gear is also meshed with the second bevel gear on the second rotating rod for transmission, the second bevel gear drives the second rotating rod and the third bevel gear at the other end of the second rotating rod to mesh with each other for transmission, the third bevel gear is meshed with the driven bevel gear on the rotating tube for transmission, the rotating tube drives the exhaust fan blades to rotate, so that the exhaust fan blades extract high-temperature hot air in the furnace body when the furnace door of the furnace body is opened;

[0022] S3: When the rotating tube rotates, the guide bar drives the screw to rotate relative to the furnace body. Since the screw is threadedly connected to the furnace body, the screw moves upward relative to the furnace body when it rotates. The screw pushes the plug plate in the heat storage box through the top plate, so that the heat storage box further extracts high-temperature hot air in the furnace body through the air inlet channel;

[0023] S4: When the rotating rod rotates, the upper gear at the end engages with the lower gear on the rotating shaft for transmission, and the lower gear drives the incomplete bevel gear to rotate through the rotating shaft, and the incomplete bevel gear intermittently engages with the secondary bevel gear on the winding rod. When the incomplete bevel gear and the secondary bevel gear engage for transmission, the winding rod winds up the pull rope, and the pull rope pulls up the partition at the furnace opening, so that the partition moves up synchronously with the furnace door, and the partition does not hinder the outward movement of the carrier;

[0024] S5: After the grid plate of the carrier is moved to the outside of the furnace body, the positioning groove of the plug plate is aligned with the positioning block, and the positioning block is inserted into the positioning groove under the elastic force of the second elastic element to position the plug plate at this time. At this time, the incomplete bevel gear is no longer meshed with the auxiliary bevel gear. The partition automatically slides down under its own gravity, and the pull rope wrapped around the winding rod is released. The partition isolates the hot air in the furnace body from the outdoor air, and the staff places the forging on the grid plate or removes the forging from the grid plate;

[0025] S6: Then the staff controls the hydraulic cylinder to drive the furnace door to move down, and the rotating rod rotates in the opposite direction. When the reeling rod rotates in the opposite direction, the pull rope can still be reeled in, so that the pull rope drives the partition to move up, preventing the partition from hindering the return of the carrier;

[0026] When the rotating tube rotates in the opposite direction, the screw moves downward relative to the furnace body. At this time, the plug plate is limited so that the hot air temporarily stored in the heat storage box will not be discharged into the furnace body at this time.

[0027] As the furnace door continues to move downward, the furnace door no longer pushes the movable block. At this time, the furnace door has closed most of the furnace body openings. The movable block is reset and moved back under the push of the third elastic element. The movable block drives the positioning block to move out of the cavity of the heat storage box through the second elastic element. The plug plate is no longer restricted, so that the plug plate is reset and moved downward under the push of the elastic force of the first elastic element. The plug plate discharges the high-temperature hot air stored in the heat storage box into the furnace body through the exhaust channel, ensuring the initial high temperature inside the furnace body when forging forgings;

[0028] Until the incomplete bevel gear is no longer meshed with the auxiliary bevel gear, the partition automatically moves down under the action of its own gravity, and the furnace door is completely closed to the furnace body opening.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The heat treatment device and method for large forgings use a heat storage box to store heat in the furnace body when the furnace door is opened, thereby increasing the initial temperature of the subsequent forging tempering, reducing the energy consumption of the furnace body, and effectively preventing the high-temperature air that escapes when the furnace door is opened from causing harm to the workers, reducing the risks brought by opening the furnace door, preventing injuries to the workers, and improving the safety of forging heat treatment work;

[0031] 2. The heat treatment device and method for large forgings are provided with a partition so that the partition rises with the movement of the carrier to prevent the partition from obstructing the carrier from entering and exiting the furnace body. After the carrier completes the movement, the partition automatically blocks the opening of the furnace body to prevent the high-temperature heat in the furnace body from exchanging with the room temperature when the carrier moves out of the furnace body for unloading or loading, thereby effectively preventing the loss of heat in the furnace body and reducing the energy consumption of heat treatment of forgings.

[0032] 3. The heat treatment device and method for large forgings are provided with a positioning component for limiting the movement of the plug plate in the heat storage box. Only when the furnace door no longer pushes the movable block and the furnace door has closed most of the furnace opening, the movable block can be reset and moved back under the push of the third elastic element. The movable block drives the positioning block to move out of the cavity of the heat storage box through the second elastic element, and the plug plate is no longer restricted, so that the plug plate is reset and moved downward under the elastic force of the first elastic element. The plug plate discharges the high-temperature hot air stored in the heat storage box into the furnace body through the exhaust channel, avoiding that when the carrier transports the forging into the furnace body, the plug plate discharges the high-temperature air in the heat storage box into the furnace body, causing most of the high-temperature air in the furnace body to contact with the room temperature through a large area of ​​the furnace opening at this time for heat exchange and be squeezed out and overflowed, thereby reducing the internal temperature of the furnace body, thereby effectively keeping the furnace body warm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 The structure of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 1 ;

[0034] Figure 2 The structure of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 2 ;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A partial enlarged structural diagram of the middle part;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the rotating tube of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the first housing of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the heat storage box of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure of the middle B part;

[0041] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the movable block of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the rotating rod of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the driving gear of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.12 It is a schematic structural diagram of the pneumatic seal of the present invention.

[0045] In the figure: 1, furnace body; 101, air inlet channel; 102, exhaust channel; 2, loading rack; 201, movable bottom plate; 202, grid plate; 203, second rack plate; 3, furnace door; 4, side plate; 401, hydraulic cylinder; 4011, first rack plate; 5, heat storage box; 6, rotating tube; 601, exhaust fan blade; 602, protective net; 603, driven bevel gear; 604, guide strip; 7, first shell; 701, rotating rod; 7011, transmission bevel gear; 7012, upper gear; 702, first rotating rod; 7021, first bevel gear; 7022, driven gear; 8, second rotating rod; 801, second bevel gear; 8 02, the third bevel gear; 9, the plug plate; 901, the first elastic element; 902, the positioning groove; 10, the movable groove; 11, the movable block; 111, the second elastic element; 112, the positioning block; 113, the support plate; 1131, the third elastic element; 12, the screw; 121, the guide groove; 122, the top plate; 13, the second shell; 131, the driving gear; 14, the third shell; 141, the rotating shaft; 142, the lower gear; 143, the incomplete bevel gear; 15, the fixing plate; 151, the winding rod; 152, the secondary bevel gear; 153, the pull rope; 16, the partition; 17, the support; 171, the fourth elastic element; 172, the conical plug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0047] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0048] Example 1: Reference Figure 1-4 , a heat treatment device for large forgings, comprising a furnace body 1 provided with a heating device, and further comprising:

[0049] A carrier 2, which is slidably connected to the furnace body 1 and is used to support and transport large forgings;

[0050] A furnace door 3 is slidably connected to the opening of the furnace body 1. The furnace body 1 and the furnace door 3 are both provided with side panels 4. A hydraulic cylinder 401 is provided between the two side panels 4.

[0051] A heat storage box 5, the heat storage box 5 is arranged on the top of the furnace body 1, and an air inlet channel 101 and an exhaust channel 102 connected to the heat storage box 5 are opened on the top of the furnace body 1, and pneumatic seals are provided at the air inlet channel 101 and the exhaust channel 102;

[0052] The air extraction mechanism is arranged at the inner top of the furnace body 1. The furnace body 1 is provided with a transmission part which is connected with the hydraulic cylinder 401 and is used to drive the air extraction mechanism to operate.

[0053] Specifically, when large forgings are subjected to tempering heat treatment, the hydraulic cylinder 401 is controlled to operate, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 401 pushes the furnace door 3 to move upward, so that the furnace body 1 is opened. When the furnace door 3 is opened, the transmission part drives the exhaust mechanism to operate, and the heat storage box 5 is used to store the heat in the furnace body 1, so as to increase the initial temperature of the subsequent forgings during tempering, reduce the energy consumption of the furnace body 1, and effectively prevent the high-temperature air that escapes outward when the furnace door 3 is opened from causing harm to the staff, thereby reducing the risks brought by opening the furnace door 3, preventing the staff from being injured, and improving the safety of the forging heat treatment work.

[0054] Example 2: Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Fig.10 , a heat treatment device for large forgings, based on Example 1, further, the exhaust mechanism includes a rotating tube 6 rotatably connected to the furnace body 1, the rotating tube 6 is provided with an exhaust fan blade 601, and the inner wall of the furnace body 1 is fixedly provided with a protective net 602 for covering the exhaust fan blade 601.

[0055] Furthermore, the transmission part includes a first shell 7 fixed on the furnace body 1, the first shell 7 is rotatably connected to a rotating rod 701, the rotating rod 701 is provided with a transmission bevel gear 7011, the first shell 7 is rotatably connected to a first rotating rod 702, the first rotating rod 702 is provided with a first bevel gear 7021 meshing with the transmission bevel gear 7011, the first rotating rod 702 is also provided with a driven gear 7022, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 401 is connected to a first rack plate 4011 meshing with the driven gear 7022.

[0056] Furthermore, the transmission part also includes a second rotating rod 8 rotatably connected to the furnace body 1, one end of the second rotating rod 8 is provided with a second bevel gear 801 meshing with the transmission bevel gear 7011, the end of the second rotating rod 8 away from the second bevel gear 801 is connected to a third bevel gear 802, and the rotating tube 6 is provided with a driven bevel gear 603 meshing with the third bevel gear 802.

[0057] Specifically, when the large forging is subjected to tempering heat treatment, the hydraulic cylinder 401 is controlled to operate, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 401 pushes the furnace door 3 upward to open the furnace body 1. When the piston rod moves upward, the first rack plate 4011 on the outer side meshes with the driven gear 7022 on the first rotating rod 702 for transmission, and the first rotating rod 702 drives the first bevel gear 7021 to mesh with the transmission bevel gear 7011 on the rotating rod 701 for transmission, and the rotating rod 701 rotates and simultaneously meshes the transmission bevel gear 7011 on the outer side with the second bevel gear 801 on the second rotating rod 8 The second bevel gear 801 drives the second rotating rod 8 and the third bevel gear 802 at the other end of the second rotating rod 8 to engage in transmission, and the third bevel gear 802 engages in transmission with the driven bevel gear 603 on the rotating tube 6. The rotating tube 6 drives the exhaust fan blades 601 to rotate, so that the exhaust fan blades 601 extract the high-temperature hot air in the furnace body 1 when the furnace door 3 of the furnace body 1 is opened, and the high-temperature hot air is introduced into the furnace body 1 through the air intake channel 101, so that the heat storage box 5 temporarily stores the high-temperature air in the furnace body 1 when the furnace door 3 is opened. It should be noted that the heat storage box 5 is made of thermal insulation material.

[0058] Example 3: Reference Figure 1-9 , a heat treatment device for large forgings, based on Example 2, further, a plug plate 9 is slidably connected in the heat storage box 5, a first elastic element 901 is arranged between the plug plate 9 and the inner wall of the heat storage box 5, and a positioning component for limiting the displacement of the plug plate 9 is arranged on the side wall of the heat storage box 5, and the positioning component includes a movable groove 10 opened on the heat storage box 5, a movable block 11 that is movably arranged in the movable groove 10 and movably abuts against the furnace door 3, a support plate 113 is arranged on the outer side of the movable block 11, a third elastic element 1131 is arranged between the support plate 113 and the heat storage box 5, a second elastic element 111 is arranged on the movable block 11, and a positioning block 112 is arranged at one end of the second elastic element 111 away from the movable block 11, and an extrusion slope is arranged at the bottom of the positioning block 112, and a positioning groove 902 matching the positioning block 112 is opened on the plug plate 9.

[0059] Furthermore, a screw 12 is slidably connected inside the rotating tube 6, the screw 12 is threadedly arranged with the furnace body 1, a guide bar 604 is arranged on the rotating tube 6, a guide groove 121 matching with the guide bar 604 is opened on the screw 12, and the end of the screw 12 away from the rotating tube 6 is connected to a top plate 122 that movably abuts against the plug plate 9.

[0060] Specifically, during the upward movement of the furnace door 3, the movable block 11 is pressed against, and the movable block 11 drives the positioning block 112 to move into the heat storage box 5 through the second elastic element 111. When the rotating tube 6 rotates, the screw 12 is driven to rotate relative to the furnace body 1 through the guide bar 604. Because the screw 12 is threadedly connected to the furnace body 1, the screw 12 moves upward relative to the furnace body 1 when it rotates, and the screw 12 pushes the plug plate 9 in the heat storage box 5 through the top plate 122, so that the heat storage box 5 further extracts the high-temperature hot air in the furnace body 1 through the air intake channel 101. After the grid plate 202 of the carrier 2 moves to the outside of the furnace body 1, the positioning groove 902 of the plug plate 9 is aligned with the positioning block 112. The positioning block 112 is inserted into the positioning groove 902 under the push of the elastic force of the second elastic element 111, and the position of the plug plate 9 at this time is positioned to avoid the plug plate 9 from transferring the forgings to the furnace body 1 when the carrier 2 is initially transported. The air is discharged into the furnace body 1, causing most of the high-temperature air in the furnace body 1 to come into contact with the room temperature through a large area of ​​the furnace body 1 opening for heat exchange and be squeezed and overflowed outward, thereby reducing the internal temperature of the furnace body 1. Only when the furnace door 3 no longer pushes the movable block 11 and the furnace door 3 has closed most of the openings of the furnace body 1, the movable block 11 can be reset and moved back under the push of the third elastic element 1131. The movable block 11 drives the positioning block 112 to move out of the cavity of the heat storage box 5 through the second elastic element 111. The plug plate 9 is no longer restricted, so that the plug plate 9 is reset and moved downward under the push of the elastic force of the first elastic element 901. The plug plate 9 discharges the high-temperature hot air stored in the heat storage box 5 into the furnace body 1 through the exhaust channel 102, thereby effectively keeping the furnace body 1 warm and reducing the energy consumption of the furnace body 1. It should be noted that the first elastic element 901, the second elastic element 111 and the third elastic element 1131 are all configured as springs.

[0061] Example 4: Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Fig.11 , a heat treatment device for large forgings, based on Example 3, further, a second shell 13 is fixedly provided on the outer side of the furnace body 1, a driving gear 131 connected to the rotating rod 701 is rotatably connected in the second shell 13, a second rack plate 203 meshing with the driving gear 131 is provided on the carrier 2, and the carrier 2 includes a movable bottom plate 201 connected to the second rack plate 203 and a grid plate 202 fixed on the movable bottom plate 201.

[0062] Specifically, when the large forging is subjected to tempering heat treatment, the hydraulic cylinder 401 is controlled to operate, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 401 pushes the furnace door 3 upward to open the furnace body 1. When the piston rod moves upward, the first rack plate 4011 on the outer side meshes with the driven gear 7022 on the first rotating rod 702 for transmission, and the first rotating rod 702 drives the first bevel gear 7021 to mesh with the transmission bevel gear 7011 on the rotating rod 701 for transmission, and the rotating rod 701 rotates and causes the driving gear 131 at the bottom to mesh with the second rack plate 2 on the carrier 2. 03 meshing transmission, so that when the furnace door 3 moves up, the second rack plate 203 drives the carrier 2 to slide to the outside of the furnace body 1, thereby improving the linkage performance between the carrier 2 and the furnace door 3, shortening the operation time, and improving the heat treatment efficiency of the furnace body 1 for forgings; it should be noted that the carrier 2 supports the forgings through the grid plate 202, which can make the forgings contact with high-temperature air over a large area during tempering in the furnace body 1, avoiding the use of solid plates, resulting in the side of the bottom of the forging that contacts the solid plate being unable to effectively contact with the high-temperature air, thereby reducing the heat treatment effect on the forgings.

[0063] Example 5: Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Fig.10 and Fig.11 , a heat treatment device for large forgings, based on Example 4, further, a third shell 14 is fixedly provided on the top of the heat storage box 5, and a rotating shaft 141 is rotatably connected in the third shell 14, and a lower gear 142 and an incomplete bevel gear 143 are provided on the rotating shaft 141, and an upper gear 7012 meshing with the lower gear 142 is provided on the top of the rotating rod 701, and a fixed plate 15 is fixedly provided on the top of the heat storage box 5, and a winding rod 151 is rotatably connected to the fixed plate 15, and a secondary bevel gear 152 meshing with the incomplete bevel gear 143 is provided on the winding rod 151, and a pull rope 153 is connected to the winding rod 151, and the end of the pull rope 153 away from the winding rod 151 is connected to a partition 16 sliding at the opening of the furnace body 1.

[0064] Specifically, when the rotating rod 701 rotates, the upper gear 7012 at the end engages with the lower gear 142 on the rotating shaft 141 for transmission, and the lower gear 142 drives the incomplete bevel gear 143 to rotate through the rotating shaft 141, and the incomplete bevel gear 143 intermittently engages with the secondary bevel gear 152 on the winding rod 151. When the incomplete bevel gear 143 and the secondary bevel gear 152 are engaged for transmission, the winding rod 151 winds up the pull rope 153, and the pull rope 153 pulls up the partition 16 at the opening of the furnace body 1, so that the partition 16 moves up synchronously with the furnace door 3, and the partition 16 will not It forms an obstacle to the outward movement of the carrier 2. After the grid plate 202 of the carrier 2 moves to the outside of the furnace body 1, the incomplete bevel gear 143 is no longer meshed with the auxiliary bevel gear 152, and the partition 16 automatically slides down under its own gravity, and the pull rope 153 wrapped around the winding rod 151 is released. The partition 16 isolates the hot air in the furnace body 1 from the outdoor air, preventing the high-temperature heat in the furnace body 1 from being exchanged with the room temperature through the furnace mouth when the carrier 2 is moved out of the furnace body 1 for unloading or loading, thereby effectively preventing the loss of heat in the furnace body 1, thereby reducing the energy consumption of heat treatment of forgings.

[0065] Example 6: Reference Figure 4 and Fig.12 , a heat treatment device for large forgings, based on Example 5, further, the pneumatic seal includes a support 17 fixed on the furnace body 1, and a fourth elastic element 171 is provided on the support 17. The end of the fourth elastic element 171 away from the support 17 is connected to a conical plug 172, and the conical plugs 172 of the two pneumatic seals are respectively movable in the intake channel 101 and the exhaust channel 102.

[0066] Specifically, the conical plug 172 of the pneumatic seal compresses the fourth elastic element 171 after being squeezed by the airflow. The fourth elastic element 171 is configured as a spring, so that the conical plug 172 no longer blocks the air inlet channel 101 or the exhaust channel 102, thereby facilitating the circulation of high-temperature hot air between the furnace body 1 and the heat storage box 5.

[0067] The present invention also discloses a heat treatment method for a large forging, which uses a heat treatment device for a large forging to perform heat treatment, and comprises the following steps:

[0068] S1: When the large forging is subjected to tempering heat treatment, the hydraulic cylinder 401 is controlled to operate, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 401 pushes the furnace door 3 to move upward, so that the furnace body 1 is opened. When the piston rod moves upward, the first rack plate 4011 on the outer side is meshed with the driven gear 7022 on the first rotating rod 702 for transmission, and the first rotating rod 702 drives the first bevel gear 7021 to mesh with the transmission bevel gear 7011 on the rotating rod 701 for transmission, and the rotating rod 701 rotates and causes the driving gear 131 at the bottom to mesh with the second rack plate 203 on the carrier 2 for transmission, so that when the furnace door 3 moves upward, the second rack plate 203 drives the carrier 2 to slide toward the outside of the furnace body 1, and when the furnace door 3 moves upward, it presses the movable block 11, and the movable block 11 drives the positioning block 112 to move into the heat storage box 5 through the second elastic element 111;

[0069] S2: When the rotating rod 701 rotates, the outer transmission bevel gear 7011 is also meshed with the second bevel gear 801 on the second rotating rod 8 for transmission, the second bevel gear 801 drives the second rotating rod 8 and the third bevel gear 802 at the other end of the second rotating rod 8 to mesh with each other for transmission, the third bevel gear 802 is meshed with the driven bevel gear 603 on the rotating tube 6 for transmission, the rotating tube 6 drives the exhaust fan blade 601 to rotate, so that the exhaust fan blade 601 extracts high-temperature hot air in the furnace body 1 when the furnace door 3 of the furnace body 1 is opened;

[0070] S3: When the rotating tube 6 rotates, the guide bar 604 drives the screw 12 to rotate relative to the furnace body 1. Since the screw 12 is threadedly connected to the furnace body 1, the screw 12 moves upward relative to the furnace body 1 when rotating. The screw 12 pushes up the plug plate 9 in the heat storage box 5 through the top plate 122, so that the heat storage box 5 further extracts the high-temperature hot air in the furnace body 1 through the air inlet channel 101.

[0071] S4: When the rotating rod 701 rotates, the upper gear 7012 at the end engages with the lower gear 142 on the rotating shaft 141 for transmission, and the lower gear 142 drives the incomplete bevel gear 143 to rotate through the rotating shaft 141, and the incomplete bevel gear 143 intermittently engages with the secondary bevel gear 152 on the winding rod 151. When the incomplete bevel gear 143 and the secondary bevel gear 152 are engaged for transmission, the winding rod 151 winds up the pull rope 153, and the pull rope 153 pulls up the partition 16 at the opening of the furnace body 1, so that the partition 16 moves up synchronously with the furnace door 3, and the partition 16 does not hinder the outward movement of the carrier 2;

[0072] S5: After the grid plate 202 of the carrier 2 is moved to the outside of the furnace body 1, the positioning groove 902 of the plug plate 9 is aligned with the positioning block 112, and the positioning block 112 is inserted into the positioning groove 902 under the elastic force of the second elastic element 111 to position the plug plate 9 at this time. At this time, the incomplete bevel gear 143 is no longer engaged with the auxiliary bevel gear 152, and the partition 16 automatically slides down under its own gravity, and the pull rope 153 wrapped around the winding rod 151 is released. The partition 16 isolates the hot air in the furnace body 1 from the outdoor air, and the staff places the forging on the grid plate 202 or removes the forging from the grid plate 202;

[0073] S6: Then the staff controls the hydraulic cylinder 401 to drive the furnace door 3 to move downward, and the rotating rod 701 rotates in the opposite direction. When the reeling rod 151 rotates in the opposite direction, the pull rope 153 can still be reeled in, so that the pull rope 153 drives the partition 16 to move upward, preventing the partition 16 from hindering the return of the carrier 2;

[0074] When the rotating tube 6 rotates in the reverse direction, the screw 12 moves downward relative to the furnace body 1. At this time, the plug plate 9 is limited, so that the hot air temporarily stored in the heat storage box 5 will not be discharged into the furnace body 1 at this time;

[0075] As the furnace door 3 continues to move downward, the furnace door 3 no longer pushes the movable block 11. At this time, the furnace door 3 has closed most of the openings of the furnace body 1. The movable block 11 is reset and moved back under the push of the third elastic element 1131. The movable block 11 drives the positioning block 112 to move out of the cavity of the heat storage box 5 through the second elastic element 111. The plug plate 9 is no longer restricted, so that the plug plate 9 is reset and moved downward under the push of the elastic force of the first elastic element 901. The plug plate 9 discharges the high-temperature hot air stored in the heat storage box 5 into the furnace body 1 through the exhaust channel 102, ensuring the initial high temperature inside the furnace body 1 when forging the forgings;

[0076] Until the incomplete bevel gear 143 is no longer meshed with the auxiliary bevel gear 152 , the partition plate 16 automatically moves downward under the action of its own gravity, and the furnace door 3 is completely closed to the opening of the furnace body 1 .

[0077] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat treatment device for large forgings, comprising a furnace body (1) provided with a heating device, characterized in that: Also includes: A load carrier (2), the load carrier (2) being slidably connected in the furnace body (1) and used for supporting and conveying large forgings; a furnace door (3), the furnace door (3) being slidably connected at an opening of the furnace body (1), the furnace body (1) and the furnace door (3) being both provided with side panels (4), and a hydraulic cylinder (401) being provided between the two side panels (4); A heat storage box (5), the heat storage box (5) being arranged on the top of the furnace body (1), and an air intake channel (101) and an air exhaust channel (102) which are connected to the heat storage box (5) are provided on the top of the furnace body (1), and pneumatic seals are provided at both the air intake channel (101) and the air exhaust channel (102); An air extraction mechanism, the air extraction mechanism being arranged on the inner top of the furnace body (1), and the furnace body (1) being provided with a transmission part connected to the hydraulic cylinder (401) and used for driving the air extraction mechanism to operate; The exhaust mechanism comprises a rotating tube (6) rotatably connected to the furnace body (1), an exhaust fan blade (601) being provided on the rotating tube (6), and a protective net (602) for covering the exhaust fan blade (601) being fixedly provided on the inner wall of the furnace body (1); The transmission part comprises a first housing (7) fixedly mounted on the furnace body (1); a rotating rod (701) is rotatably connected to the first housing (7); a transmission bevel gear (7011) is provided on the rotating rod (701); a first rotating rod (702) is rotatably connected to the first housing (7); a first bevel gear (7021) meshing with the transmission bevel gear (7011) is provided on the first rotating rod (702); a driven gear (7022) is also provided on the first rotating rod (702); and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (401) is connected to a first rack plate (4011) meshing with the driven gear (7022); The transmission part further comprises a second rotating rod (8) rotatably connected to the furnace body (1); a second bevel gear (801) meshing with the transmission bevel gear (7011) is provided at one end of the second rotating rod (8); a third bevel gear (802) is connected to one end of the second rotating rod (8) away from the second bevel gear (801); and a driven bevel gear (603) meshing with the third bevel gear (802) is provided on the rotating tube (6); A plug plate (9) is slidably connected to the heat storage box (5), a first elastic element (901) is arranged between the plug plate (9) and the inner wall of the heat storage box (5), a positioning assembly for limiting the displacement of the plug plate (9) is arranged on the side wall of the heat storage box (5), the positioning assembly comprises a movable groove (10) provided on the heat storage box (5), a movable block (11) movably arranged in the movable groove (10) and movably abutting against the furnace door (3), a support plate (113) is arranged on the outer side of the movable block (11), a third elastic element (1131) is arranged between the support plate (113) and the heat storage box (5), a second elastic element (111) is arranged on the movable block (11), a positioning block (112) is arranged at one end of the second elastic element (111) away from the movable block (11), an extrusion slope is arranged at the bottom of the positioning block (112), and a positioning groove (902) matching the positioning block (112) is arranged on the plug plate (9); A screw rod (12) is slidably connected inside the rotating tube (6), the screw rod (12) and the furnace body (1) are threadedly arranged, a guide bar (604) is arranged on the rotating tube (6), a guide groove (121) matching with the guide bar (604) is formed on the screw rod (12), and a top plate (122) that movably contacts the plug plate (9) is connected to one end of the screw rod (12) away from the rotating tube (6); A third housing (14) is fixedly provided on the top of the heat storage box (5), a rotating shaft (141) is rotatably connected inside the third housing (14), a lower gear (142) and an incomplete bevel gear (143) are provided on the rotating shaft (141), an upper gear (7012) meshing with the lower gear (142) is provided on the top of the rotating rod (701), a fixed plate (15) is fixedly provided on the top of the heat storage box (5), a winding rod (151) is rotatably connected to the fixed plate (15), a secondary bevel gear (152) meshing with the incomplete bevel gear (143) is provided on the winding rod (151), a pull rope (153) is connected to the winding rod (151), and an end of the pull rope (153) away from the winding rod (151) is connected to a partition (16) sliding at the opening of the furnace body (1).

2. A heat treatment device for large forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second outer shell (13) is fixedly provided on the outside of the furnace body (1), a driving gear (131) connected to the rotating rod (701) is rotatably connected inside the second outer shell (13), a second rack plate (203) meshing with the driving gear (131) is provided on the object carrier (2), and the object carrier (2) comprises a movable bottom plate (201) connected to the second rack plate (203) and a grid plate (202) fixed on the movable bottom plate (201).

3. A heat treatment device for large forgings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pneumatic seal comprises a support (17) fixed on the furnace body (1), a fourth elastic element (171) being arranged on the support (17), a conical plug (172) being connected to one end of the fourth elastic element (171) away from the support (17), and the conical plugs (172) of the two pneumatic seals are movable in the air intake channel (101) and the air exhaust channel (102), respectively.

4. A method for heat treatment of large forgings, using the heat treatment device for large forgings according to claim 3 for heat treatment, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: When a large forging is subjected to tempering heat treatment, the hydraulic cylinder (401) is controlled to operate, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (401) pushes the furnace door (3) upward to open the furnace body (1). When the piston rod moves upward, the first rack plate (4011) on the outside meshes with the driven gear (7022) on the first rotating rod (702) for transmission, and the first rotating rod (702) drives the first bevel gear (7021) and the transmission bevel gear (7011) on the rotating rod (701) to mesh with each other. ) meshing transmission, the rotating rod (701) rotates and causes the driving gear (131) at the bottom to mesh with the second rack plate (203) on the carrier (2) for transmission, so that when the furnace door (3) moves upward, the second rack plate (203) drives the carrier (2) to slide toward the outside of the furnace body (1), and when the furnace door (3) moves upward, it presses against the movable block (11), and the movable block (111) drives the positioning block (112) to move into the heat storage box (5) through the second elastic element (111); S2: When the rotating rod (701) rotates, the outer transmission bevel gear (7011) is also meshed with the second bevel gear (801) on the second rotating rod (8) for transmission, the second bevel gear (801) drives the second rotating rod (8) and the third bevel gear (802) at the other end of the second rotating rod (8) to mesh with each other for transmission, the third bevel gear (802) is meshed with the driven bevel gear (603) on the rotating tube (6) for transmission, the rotating tube (6) drives the exhaust fan blade (601) to rotate, so that the exhaust fan blade (601) extracts high-temperature hot air in the furnace body (1) when the furnace door (3) of the furnace body (1) is opened; S3: When the rotating tube (6) rotates, the guide bar (604) drives the screw rod (12) to rotate relative to the furnace body (1). Since the screw rod (12) is threadedly connected to the furnace body (1), the screw rod (12) moves upward relative to the furnace body (1) when rotating. The screw rod (12) pushes up the plug plate (9) in the heat storage box (5) through the top plate (122), so that the heat storage box (5) further extracts high-temperature hot air in the furnace body (1) through the air inlet channel (101); S4: When the rotating rod (701) rotates, the upper gear (7012) at the end engages with the lower gear (142) on the rotating shaft (141) for transmission, and the lower gear (142) drives the incomplete bevel gear (143) to rotate through the rotating shaft (141), and the incomplete bevel gear (143) intermittently engages with the secondary bevel gear (152) on the winding rod (151). When the incomplete bevel gear (143) and the secondary bevel gear (152) are engaged for transmission, the winding rod (151) winds up the pull rope (153), and the pull rope (153) pulls up the partition (16) at the opening of the furnace body (1), so that the partition (16) moves up synchronously with the furnace door (3), and the partition (16) does not hinder the outward movement of the carrier (2); S5: After the grid plate (202) of the loading rack (2) is moved to the outside of the furnace body (1), the positioning groove (902) of the plug plate (9) is aligned with the positioning block (112), and the positioning block (112) is inserted into the positioning groove (902) under the elastic force of the second elastic element (111), so as to position the plug plate (9) at this time, and at this time, the incomplete bevel gear (143) is no longer meshed with the auxiliary bevel gear (152), and the partition (16) automatically slides down under the action of its own gravity, and the pull rope (153) wound on the winding rod (151) is released, and the partition (16) isolates the hot air in the furnace body (1) from the outdoor air, and the staff places the forging on the grid plate (202) or removes the forging from the grid plate (202); S6: Subsequently, the staff controls the hydraulic cylinder (401) to drive the furnace door (3) to move downward, and the rotating rod (701) rotates in the opposite direction. When the reeling rod (151) rotates in the opposite direction, the pull rope (153) can still be reeled in, so that the pull rope (153) drives the partition (16) to move upward, thereby preventing the partition (16) from obstructing the return movement of the carrier (2); When the rotating tube (6) rotates in the reverse direction, the screw rod (12) moves downward relative to the furnace body (1). At this time, the plug plate (9) is limited, so that the hot air temporarily stored in the heat storage box (5) will not be discharged into the furnace body (1) at this time; As the furnace door (3) continues to move downward, the furnace door (3) no longer pushes the movable block (11). At this time, the furnace door (3) has closed most of the opening of the furnace body (1). The movable block (11) is reset and moved back under the push of the third elastic element (1131). The movable block (11) drives the positioning block (112) to move out of the cavity of the heat storage box (5) through the second elastic element (111). The plug plate (9) is no longer restricted, so that the plug plate (9) is reset and moved downward under the push of the elastic force of the first elastic element (901). The plug plate (9) discharges the high-temperature hot air stored in the heat storage box (5) into the furnace body (1) through the exhaust channel (102), thereby ensuring that the initial high temperature inside the furnace body (1) is maintained during forging of the forgings. Until the incomplete bevel gear (143) is no longer meshed with the auxiliary bevel gear (152), the partition (16) automatically moves downward under the action of its own weight, and the furnace door (3) is completely closed to the furnace body (1).

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