A pressure-yielding constant resistance energy-absorbing steel arch frame

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel support, and specifically relates to a pressure-yielding constant resistance energy-absorbing steel arch frame. The steel arch frame is assembled from a plurality of steel units and a plurality of constant resistance pressure-yielding devices, and the constant resistance pressure-yielding devices are arranged between the steel units; the constant resistance pressure-yielding device includes an outer support frame and an inner support frame, one end of the inner support frame extends into the outer support frame, and the inner support frame is guided and moved along the outer support frame, and a constant resistance friction structure is provided on the contact surface between the outer support frame and the inner support frame; a constant resistance sleeve is provided on one of the outer support frame and the inner support frame, and an anchor cable is provided on the other, one end of the anchor cable penetrates the constant resistance sleeve, and a constant resistance sliding body is provided on the anchor cable penetrated into the constant resistance sleeve, and the constant resistance sliding body slides in the constant resistance sleeve with a constant resistance guide. The constant resistance pressure-yielding device can play a dual constant resistance pressure-yielding role, so that the steel arch frame can adapt to the deformation of the surrounding rock while also ensuring that the steel arch frame plays a good supporting role, thereby improving the safety of the support system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel support, and specifically relates to a pressure-yielding constant-resistance energy-absorbing steel arch frame. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's economy, the country's transportation tunnel system has gradually expanded into deeper areas, and deep tunnel construction has gradually become a key planning target for transportation system construction. Practice has shown that the prominent problem of large deformation of tunnel surrounding rock is particularly prone to occur during the soft rock large deformation stage of deep tunnels. This is characterized by weak surrounding rock, high ground stress, large surrounding rock deformation, and prolonged deformation. When the tunnel surrounding rock undergoes large deformation, it exerts stress compression on the supporting structure. Conventional tunnel steel arch frames are less effective, resulting in distortion and dislocation of the supporting steel arch frames, severe damage to the initial support, arch crown sinking, arch footings and side walls being squeezed and displaced, and lining cracking, directly affecting the construction and operation safety of the tunnel.

[0003] In the prior art, the Chinese invention patent application publication number CN115306448A discloses a retractable tunnel support steel arch frame that adapts to the deformation of the surrounding rock. The steel arch frame structure uses the compression performance of the spring to prevent the deformation pressure acting on the main structure of the steel arch frame from being too large in the early stage. In the later stage, when the stress redistribution and adjustment of the surrounding rock is completed, the rebound performance of the spring makes the main structure of the steel arch frame tightly combined with the surrounding rock, adapting to the appropriate deformation of the surrounding rock. Since the steel arch frame mainly relies on the deformation of the spring to absorb pressure, this will lead to two problems. First, when the surrounding rock undergoes large deformation, the steel arch frame is subjected to greater stress. When the stress exceeds the spring's bearing limit, the spring will break and cause complete failure. Second, when the spring is deformed, an elastic stress will always appear in the steel arch frame, which will keep the steel arch frame in a state of high stress, which is not conducive to the long-term stable and effective support of the steel arch frame.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an improved technical solution to the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pressure-yielding constant-resistance energy-absorbing steel arch frame to at least solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A pressure-yielding constant resistance energy-absorbing steel arch frame, the steel arch frame is composed of a plurality of steel units and a plurality of constant resistance pressure-yielding devices, and the constant resistance pressure-yielding devices are arranged between the steel units;

[0008] The constant resistance pressure relief device includes an outer support frame and an inner support frame, one end of the inner support frame extends into the outer support frame, and the inner support frame is guided and moved along the outer support frame, and a constant resistance friction structure is provided on the contact surface between the outer support frame and the inner support frame;

[0009] A constant resistance sleeve is provided on one of the outer support frame and the inner support frame, and an anchor cable is provided on the other. One end of the anchor cable is inserted into the constant resistance sleeve, and a constant resistance sliding body is provided on the anchor cable inserted into the constant resistance sleeve. The constant resistance sliding body slides in the constant resistance sleeve with a constant resistance guide.

[0010] As described above, for the pressure-yielding constant-resistance energy-absorbing steel arch frame, preferably, a through-hole is provided on each side of the top plate of the outer support frame, and two side edges of the inner support frame are respectively penetrated by two through-holes.

[0011] As described above, the pressure-yielding constant-resistance energy-absorbing steel arch frame, preferably, a sleeve fixing seat is provided on the top plate of the outer support frame, the sleeve fixing seat is located between the two through holes, and the constant-resistance sleeve passes through the top plate of the outer support frame and is fixed on the sleeve fixing seat.

[0012] As described above, the yield type constant resistance energy absorbing steel arch frame, preferably, the lower end of the anchor cable passes through the bottom plate of the inner support frame, an anchor ring is provided at the end of the anchor cable passing through the bottom plate of the inner support frame, and a plurality of anchor clips are provided between the anchor ring and the anchor cable;

[0013] The upper end of the anchor cable extends into the constant resistance sleeve, and a constant resistance sliding body is sleeved on the end of the anchor cable extending into the constant resistance sleeve. An anchor ring and an anchor clip are fixed on the anchor cable above the constant resistance sliding body.

[0014] As described above, the pressure-releasing constant-resistance energy-absorbing steel arch frame, preferably, the inner wall of the constant-resistance sleeve is regularly provided with pressure-releasing tracks from top to bottom;

[0015] The constant resistance sliding body is an inverted cone structure.

[0016] As described above, the pressure-yielding constant-resistance energy-absorbing steel arch frame preferably has constant-resistance friction structures provided on the inner sides of both sides of the outer support frame and on the outer sides of both sides of the inner support frame.

[0017] As described above, the pressure-yielding constant-resistance energy-absorbing steel arch frame, preferably, the constant-resistance friction structure is a regularly arranged triangular cross-section protrusion or rectangular cross-section protrusion, and the constant-resistance friction structures on the outer support frame and the inner support frame are relatively staggered.

[0018] As described above, the pressure-yielding constant-resistance energy-absorbing steel arch frame, preferably, the constant-resistance pressure-yielding device is arranged on the vertical edges on both sides of the steel arch frame.

[0019] As described above, the pressure-yielding constant-resistance energy-absorbing steel arch frame is preferably provided with a plurality of constant-resistance pressure-yielding devices on the vertical sides of the steel arch frame.

[0020] As described above, the pressure-yielding constant-resistance energy-absorbing steel arch frame is preferably provided with a reinforcing plate obliquely arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the inner support frame.

[0021] Beneficial effects:

[0022] The constant resistance pressure-relieving device can play a dual constant resistance pressure-relieving role in the steel arch frame, which can better control the compressive pressure deformation caused by the deformation of the surrounding rock, and enhance the deformation resistance of the tunnel space side wall; and the constant resistance pressure-relieving device can stabilize the surrounding rock pressure, slowly perform the compressive retraction of the steel arch frame, and reduce the possibility of the compression-resistant steel arch frame locking structure being damaged by the strong impact pressure of the displacement; and effectively control the tunnel compressive pressure and the expansion rate and deformation size of the tunnel surrounding rock extrusion deformation, avoiding the bending and breaking of the steel arch frame due to excessive compressive pressure, so that the steel arch frame can better adapt to the deformation of the surrounding rock, and also ensure that the steel arch frame always effectively plays a good supporting role, thereby improving the safety of the support system and helping to reduce economic losses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The drawings and descriptions that constitute part of this application are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a pressure-yielding constant-resistance energy-absorbing steel arch frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A structural diagram of a constant resistance pressure-releasing device according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided;

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 4 A top cross-sectional view of a constant resistance pressure-releasing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. surrounding rock; 2. tunnel clearance; 3. steel unit; 4. constant resistance pressure relief device; 401. top plate of inner support frame; 402. inner support frame; 403. sleeve fixing seat; 404. anchor ring; 405. constant resistance sliding body; 406. constant resistance sleeve; 407. anchor cable; 408. anchor clip; 409. outer support frame; 4010. bottom plate of outer support frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. The terms "connected" and "connected" used in the present invention should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can be fixedly connected or detachably connected; they can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate component. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0032] According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides a pressure-yielding constant-resistance energy-absorbing steel arch frame, which is composed of a plurality of steel units 3 and a plurality of constant-resistance pressure-yielding devices 4 , and the constant-resistance pressure-yielding devices 4 are arranged between the steel units 3 .

[0033] The constant resistance pressure relief device 4 includes an outer support frame 409 and an inner support frame 402. One end of the inner support frame 402 extends into the outer support frame 409, and the inner support frame 402 is guided and moved along the outer support frame 409. A constant resistance friction structure is provided on the contact surface between the outer support frame 409 and the inner support frame.

[0034] A constant resistance sleeve 406 is provided on one of the outer support frame 409 and the inner support frame 402, and an anchor cable 407 is provided on the other. One end of the anchor cable 407 is inserted into the constant resistance sleeve 406. A constant resistance sliding body 405 is provided on the anchor cable 407 inserted into the constant resistance sleeve 406. The constant resistance sliding body 405 slides in the constant resistance sleeve 406 with a constant resistance guide.

[0035] In this steel arch frame, when the surrounding rock 1 is deformed, the surrounding rock 1 transmits pressure to the steel arch frame, and the steel arch frame transmits the pressure it receives to the constant resistance pressure-releasing device 4. Under the action of pressure, the inner support frame 402 moves relative to the outer support frame 409, so that the inner support frame 402 retracts into the outer support frame 409; at this time, the constant resistance friction structure between the inner support frame 402 and the outer support frame 409 directly produces relative friction, which plays a first constant resistance energy dissipation role; at the same time, the inner support frame 402 drives the anchor cable 407 and the constant resistance sliding body 405 to move downward, and the constant resistance sliding body 405 and the constant resistance sleeve 406 produce constant resistance friction, which plays a second constant resistance energy dissipation role; during the constant resistance deformation process of the constant resistance pressure-releasing device 4, no large internal stress will be generated inside the constant resistance pressure-releasing device 4, thereby ensuring that the steel arch frame can play a constant support role throughout the deformation process of the surrounding rock 1.

[0036] That is, the constant resistance pressure-relieving device 4 can play a dual constant resistance pressure-relieving role in the steel arch frame, which can better control the compressive pressure deformation caused by the deformation of the surrounding rock 1, and enhance the deformation resistance of the tunnel space side wall; and the constant resistance pressure-relieving device 4 can stabilize the pressure of the surrounding rock 1, and slowly perform the compressive retraction of the steel arch frame, reducing the possibility of the compression-resistant steel arch frame locking structure being damaged due to the strong impact pressure of the displacement; and effectively control the tunnel compressive pressure and the expansion rate and deformation size of the extrusion deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock 1, avoiding the bending and breaking of the steel arch frame due to excessive compressive pressure, so that the steel arch frame can better adapt to the deformation of the surrounding rock 1, and also ensure that the steel arch frame always effectively plays a better supporting role, thereby improving the safety of the support system and helping to reduce economic losses.

[0037] The top plate of the outer support frame 409 is provided with a through-hole on each side, and the two side edges of the inner support frame 402 are respectively penetrated by two through-holes. In one embodiment of the present application, the two side edges of the inner support frame 402 are guided along the through-holes of the top plate of the outer support frame 409 to ensure that the inner support frame 402 moves more stably relative to the outer support frame 409.

[0038] A sleeve fixing seat 403 is provided on the top plate of the outer support frame 409 . The sleeve fixing seat 403 is located between the two through holes. The constant resistance sleeve 406 passes through the top plate of the outer support frame 409 and is fixed on the sleeve fixing seat 403 .

[0039] In one embodiment of the present application, the constant resistance sleeve 406 is fixed on the sleeve fixing seat 403 through the top plate, wherein the top plate acts as a tray, and at the same time the constant resistance sleeve 406 is fixed below the top plate of the outer support frame 409, so that the constant resistance sleeve 406 and the outer support frame 409 are fixed as an integrated structure.

[0040] The lower end of the anchor cable 407 passes through the bottom plate of the inner support frame 402, and an anchor ring 404 is provided at the end of the anchor cable 407 passing through the bottom plate of the inner support frame 402, and a plurality of anchor clips 408 are provided between the anchor ring 404 and the anchor cable 407; the upper end of the anchor cable 407 extends into the constant resistance sleeve 406, and a constant resistance sliding body 405 is provided at the end of the anchor cable 407 extending into the constant resistance sleeve 406, and the anchor ring 404 and the anchor clip 408 are fixed above the constant resistance sliding body 405. In one embodiment of the present application, the constant resistance sliding body 405 is limited by the anchor ring 404 and the anchor clip 408 at the upper end of the anchor cable 407 to prevent the constant resistance sliding body 405 from falling off the anchor cable 407. The anchor ring 404 and the anchor clip 408 at the lower end of the anchor cable 407 fix the lower end of the anchor cable 407 relative to the bottom plate of the inner support frame 402; when the constant resistance pressure-relieving device 4 is under pressure, the outer support frame 409 and the inner support frame 402 convert the external pressure into a pulling force between the constant resistance sleeve 406 and the anchor cable 407, so that the anchor cable 407 pulls the constant resistance sliding body 405 to slide in the constant resistance sleeve 406 with a constant resistance, thereby realizing a constant resistance loss pressure-relieving process.

[0041] The inner wall of the constant resistance sleeve 406 is regularly provided with pressure relief tracks from top to bottom. In the present embodiment, the regular pressure relief tracks may be spiral lines. In other embodiments, the regular pressure relief tracks may be parallel triangular cross-section rings or rectangular cross-section rings.

[0042] The constant resistance sliding body 405 has an inverted conical structure. In one embodiment of the present application, the constant resistance sliding body 405 slides from top to bottom on the inner wall of the constant resistance sleeve 406. The constant resistance sliding body 405 has a structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The inner wall of the constant resistance sleeve 406 is provided with a regular pressure-relieving track, so that the constant resistance sliding body 405 can always slide with a constant resistance.

[0043] Constant resistance friction structures are provided on the inner sides of both sides of the outer support frame 409 and the outer sides of both sides of the inner support frame 402 .

[0044] In one embodiment of the present application, a constant resistance friction structure is added to the contact surface between the outer support frame 409 and the inner support frame 402, so that when the inner support frame 402 and the outer support frame 409 move relative to each other, friction energy consumption is generated, which helps to offset and dissipate the deformation energy of the surrounding rock 1 and play a better pressure-relieving role.

[0045] The constant friction resistance structure is a regularly arranged triangular or rectangular cross-section protrusion, and the constant friction resistance structures on the outer support frame 409 and the inner support frame 402 are arranged in a staggered manner. In one embodiment of the present application, the triangular or rectangular cross-section protrusions not only increase the frictional force between the outer support frame 409 and the inner support frame 402, but also, when the outer support frame 409 and the inner support frame 402 are relatively stationary, the protrusions on the outer support frame 409 and the inner support frame 402 align with each other, thereby providing stability for the outer support frame 409 and the inner support frame 402 when they are relatively stationary.

[0046] The constant-resistance-pressure-relieving device 4 is disposed on the vertical edges of the steel arch. In one embodiment of the present application, the constant-resistance-pressure-relieving device 4 is located within the vertical edges of the steel arch, thereby facilitating the transmission of pressure from the surrounding rock 1 to the constant-resistance-pressure-relieving device 4. This pressure is then converted into tension between the constant-resistance sleeve 406 and the anchor cable 407, allowing the constant-resistance-pressure-relieving device 4 to better exert its constant-resistance-pressure-relieving function.

[0047] Multiple constant-resistance pressure-relieving devices 4 are provided on the vertical sides of the steel arch. In one embodiment of the present application, two constant-resistance pressure-relieving devices 4 are provided on the vertical sides of the steel arch. The pressure-relieving stroke of each constant-resistance pressure-relieving device 4 is the relative displacement stroke of the outer support frame 409 and the inner support frame 402. Each additional constant-resistance pressure-relieving device 4 in the steel arch increases the pressure-relieving stroke, thereby improving the steel arch's ability to adapt to deformation of the surrounding rock 1.

[0048] A reinforcement plate is provided obliquely on the inner side of the bottom of the inner support frame 402. In one embodiment of the present application, the oblique reinforcement plates are provided in pairs, and avoidance holes are provided on the reinforcement plates for the passage of the anchor cables 407 to improve the structural strength of the inner support frame 402.

[0049] In this embodiment, the inner support frame top plate 401 and the outer support frame bottom plate 4010 are used to connect to the steel unit 3 in the steel arch frame; the interior of the steel arch frame is the tunnel clearance 2, and the steel arch frame equipped with a constant resistance pressure relief device 4 can better adapt to the pressure of the surrounding rock 1, ensuring that the tunnel clearance 2 is not invaded by the surrounding rock 1.

[0050] It will be understood that the above description is merely exemplary and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the pending claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pressure-yielding constant resistance energy-absorbing steel arch frame, characterized in that: The steel arch frame is composed of a plurality of steel units and a plurality of constant resistance and pressure relief devices, and the constant resistance and pressure relief devices are arranged between the steel units; The constant resistance pressure relief device includes an outer support frame and an inner support frame, one end of the inner support frame extends into the outer support frame, and the inner support frame is guided and moved along the outer support frame, and a constant resistance friction structure is provided on the contact surface between the outer support frame and the inner support frame; A constant resistance sleeve is provided on one of the outer support frame and the inner support frame, and an anchor cable is provided on the other. One end of the anchor cable is inserted into the constant resistance sleeve, and a constant resistance sliding body is provided on the anchor cable inserted into the constant resistance sleeve. The constant resistance sliding body slides in the constant resistance sleeve with a constant resistance guide.

2. The pressure-yielding constant resistance energy-absorbing steel arch according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A through hole is respectively provided on both sides of the top plate of the outer support frame, and two through holes are respectively passed through the two side edges of the inner support frame.

3. The pressure-yielding constant resistance energy-absorbing steel arch according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A sleeve fixing seat is provided on the top plate of the outer support frame. The sleeve fixing seat is located between the two through holes. The constant resistance sleeve passes through the top plate of the outer support frame and is fixed on the sleeve fixing seat.

4. The pressure-yielding constant resistance energy-absorbing steel arch according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The lower end of the anchor cable passes through the bottom plate of the inner support frame, and an anchor ring is sleeved on the end of the anchor cable passing through the bottom plate of the inner support frame, and a plurality of anchor clips are provided between the anchor ring and the anchor cable; The upper end of the anchor cable extends into the constant resistance sleeve, and a constant resistance sliding body is sleeved on the end of the anchor cable extending into the constant resistance sleeve. An anchor ring and an anchor clip are fixed on the anchor cable above the constant resistance sliding body.

5. The pressure-yielding constant resistance energy-absorbing steel arch according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The inner wall of the constant resistance sleeve is regularly provided with pressure relief tracks from top to bottom; The constant resistance sliding body is an inverted cone structure.

6. The pressure-yielding constant resistance energy-absorbing steel arch according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Constant resistance friction structures are arranged on the inner sides of both sides of the outer support frame and the outer sides of both sides of the inner support frame.

7. The pressure-yielding constant resistance energy-absorbing steel arch according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The constant resistance friction structure is a regularly arranged triangular cross-section protrusion or rectangular cross-section protrusion, and the constant resistance friction structures on the outer support frame and the inner support frame are relatively staggered.

8. The pressure-yielding constant resistance energy-absorbing steel arch according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The constant resistance pressure relief device is arranged on the vertical edges on both sides of the steel arch.

9. The pressure-yielding constant resistance energy-absorbing steel arch according to claim 8 is characterized in that: A plurality of constant resistance and pressure relief devices are arranged on the vertical sides of the steel arch.

10. The pressure-yielding constant resistance energy-absorbing steel arch according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: A reinforcement plate is obliquely arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the inner support frame.

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