Multi-stage hydrogen gas catalytic combustion system and method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system and a method thereof, wherein the system comprises a hydrogen gas supply component, an air supply component, a mixed gas pressure detection component, a mixed gas humidity detection component, a mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component, a hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor, a branch gas supply component and a post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component; the air supply component and the hydrogen gas supply component are connected to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor through a mixing pipeline in parallel; the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor comprises multiple catalytic reaction cavities which are sequentially distributed from a head end to a tail end; each catalytic reaction cavity is connected with a branch gas supply component; the branch gas supply component is further connected to the hydrogen gas supply component through a branch pipeline; the gas intake amount of each branch gas supply component is adjustable; the mixing pipeline and the branch gas supply component are communicated through a branch connecting pipeline; and the mixing pipeline is provided with the mixed gas pressure detection component, the mixed gas humidity detection component and the mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy, in particular to a multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system and method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] As the most abundant element in the universe, hydrogen energy has the characteristics of wide source, rich application scenarios, high heat value, zero carbon emission and renewable, and is regarded as the most potential energy in the 21st century. At present, hydrogen energy has been widely used in transportation, industry, electronics and construction fields. At the same time, hydrogen energy can also be used as energy reserves to solve the problem of energy crisis, so the hydrogen energy industry will usher in a great development opportunity.

[0003] With the rapid development of hydrogen energy industry, the problem of processing of part of unused hydrogen in hydrogen equipment has also attracted more and more attention. On the one hand, in the closed or poorly ventilated environment such as hydrogen-powered submarines, hydrogen-powered subways, hydrogen-powered mine cars and other closed or semi-closed use scenarios, direct emission of unused hydrogen gas can easily cause accumulation of hydrogen gas and bring the risk of combustion explosion. On the other hand, hydrogen can react with ozone in the stratosphere to damage the ozone layer, and hydrogen can react with hydroxyl radicals in the air, resulting in a decrease in hydroxyl radicals that react with methane in the atmosphere. The emission of a large amount of hydrogen gas will also exacerbate the greenhouse effect. Hydrogen catalytic combustion technology is an effective technology for processing unused hydrogen, which mainly uses a reactor carrying Pd and Pt-based catalysts to carry out hydrogen-oxygen chemical reaction under the action of the catalysts and generate water, so as to realize effective consumption and processing of hydrogen and avoid direct emission of high-concentration hydrogen to the air.

[0004] Currently, the hydrogen catalytic combustion technology is that the hydrogen and air are mixed into a mixed gas with a certain target hydrogen concentration, and then enter the catalytic combustion reactor. The oxygen for hydrogen catalytic combustion mainly comes from the air. In order to meet a larger air speed ratio, the air supply equipment such as an air compressor or a fan has a large air supply amount, so that the power consumption of the air supply equipment is large. The oxygen content in the air accounts for about 21%, so only a small part of the oxygen in the supplied air is utilized, and the rest is discharged into the atmosphere as a hydrogen-consuming gas. For example, taking an air speed of 1000 L / min as an example, according to the hydrogen concentration of 4% of the hydrogen-consuming mixed gas, and under the condition of 100% hydrogen consumption rate, the oxygen volume in the reaction gas is about 181 L, and the concentration accounts for 18.5%. That is, if a fan with a power consumption of 5 kW is used to supply air, only about 0.6 kW of power is useful power consumption, and the rest is useless power consumption, and the utilization rate is only 12%, which causes great waste of energy. In addition, in the hydrogen catalytic combustion process, the higher the hydrogen concentration in the mixed gas and the larger the unit air intake, the higher the reaction temperature. If the mixed gas with high hydrogen concentration and large air volume enters the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor, it may cause deflagration or backfire due to the instantaneous high reaction temperature. The higher the catalytic combustion temperature means that the requirements for the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor and the pipeline equipment are higher, and the requirement for heat dissipation is higher, so in some special scenarios, the temperature of the hydrogen catalytic combustion has a higher limit. In addition, during the cold start stage of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system, the one-way air intake causes the temperature of the front section of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor to be high, and the reaction temperature of the middle and rear sections to be successively reduced, so that the temperature distribution is uneven, and the catalytic combustion efficiency is low. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system. The multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system can realize multi-stage air intake in different modes according to the use requirements, improve the hydrogen catalytic efficiency of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system, reduce the reaction temperature, and realize the uniformity of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reaction temperature.

[0006] An embodiment of the present application provides a multi-stage air intake type hydrogen catalytic combustion system.

[0007] The application discloses a multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system, which comprises a hydrogen supply component, an air supply component, a mixed gas pressure detection component, a mixed gas humidity detection component, a mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component, a hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor, a branch supply component and a post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component. The air supply component is connected to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor through a mixing pipeline in parallel with the hydrogen supply component. The hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor comprises a plurality of catalytic reaction cavities which are sequentially arranged from a head end to a tail end. Each catalytic reaction cavity is connected with the branch supply component. Each branch supply component is further connected to the hydrogen supply component through a branch pipeline. The air intake amount of each branch supply component can be adjusted. The mixing pipeline and the branch supply component are communicated through a branch connecting pipeline. The mixed gas pressure detection component, the mixed gas humidity detection component and the mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component are arranged on the mixing pipeline. The mixed gas pressure detection component is used for monitoring the pressure of mixed gas in the mixing pipeline, so as to adjust the pressure of the air inlet of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor. The mixed gas humidity detection component is used for monitoring the humidity of mixed gas in the mixing pipeline. The mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component is used for monitoring the hydrogen concentration of mixed gas in the mixing pipeline, so as to adjust the hydrogen proportion in the mixed gas. The hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor is filled with at least a Pd-based catalyst and a Pt-based catalyst, so as to realize hydrogen catalytic combustion. An exhaust pipeline is connected to the exhaust outlet of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor. The post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component is arranged on the exhaust pipeline, and is used for monitoring the hydrogen concentration of the gas in the exhaust pipeline after hydrogen consumption reaction.

[0008] In some embodiments, the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor is provided with a gas mixing cabin between adjacent catalytic reaction cavities. Each gas mixing cabin is provided with a branch air inlet for connecting the branch supply component and a water collecting tank for collecting reaction products.

[0009] In some embodiments, the width of the plurality of catalytic reaction cavities decreases first and then increases along the direction from the head end to the tail end.

[0010] In some embodiments, the air supply component comprises an air supply pipeline, an air supply pump, an air flow meter and an air pressure detection component. One end of the air supply pipeline is connected to an air source, and the other end of the air supply pipeline is communicated with the mixing pipeline. The air supply pump, the air flow meter and the air pressure detection component are arranged on the air supply pipeline.

[0011] In some embodiments, the hydrogen supply component includes a hydrogen supply pipe, a hydrogen supply pump, a hydrogen flow meter, and a hydrogen pressure detection component, one end of the hydrogen supply pipe is connected to a hydrogen source, the other end of the hydrogen supply pipe is connected to the mixing pipe, the hydrogen supply pump, the hydrogen flow meter, and the hydrogen pressure detection component are respectively arranged on the hydrogen supply pipe.

[0012] In some embodiments, the multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system further includes a reactor temperature detection component connected to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor, the reactor temperature detection component is used to monitor the reaction temperature in the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor to adjust the hydrogen concentration in the mixed gas in the correction mixing pipe to prevent the reaction from being too intense and the temperature from being too high due to too high hydrogen concentration.

[0013] In some embodiments, the multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system further includes an exhaust electromagnetic valve arranged on the exhaust pipe to control the exhaust of the reaction gas.

[0014] In some embodiments, the multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system further includes a hydrogen switch electromagnetic valve arranged on the branch pipe to control the hydrogen intake of the branch pipe.

[0015] In some embodiments, the multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system further includes a safety valve, the mixing pipe is further connected to a safety relief pipe, the safety relief pipe is connected to the exhaust pipe, and the safety valve is arranged on the safety relief pipe to exhaust the mixed gas in the mixing pipe in an emergency situation including fire and severe over-temperature.

[0016] In some embodiments, the multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system further includes a mixed gas switch electromagnetic valve arranged on the branch connection pipe.

[0017] In some embodiments, the multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system further includes a flame arrester, the mixing pipe is provided with the flame arrester, the flame arrester is close to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor, and / or the branch pipe is also provided with the flame arrester, and the flame arrester is close to the branch supply component.

[0018] An embodiment of the present application further provides a multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion method.

[0019] A multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion method, characterized by using the multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system, and including the following steps:

[0020] (1) Mode one, conventional mixed gas catalytic combustion

[0021] The hydrogen switch electromagnetic valve and the mixed gas switch electromagnetic valve on the branch pipeline are both closed to cut off the branch pipeline and the branch connection pipeline, so that the mixed gas with the target hydrogen concentration enters the catalytic reaction chamber through the mixing pipeline and the main gas inlet of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor for hydrogen catalytic combustion reaction.

[0022] (2) Mode two, hydrogen multi-stage mixed gas inlet

[0023] When the hydrogen multi-stage mixed gas inlet is controlled, the hydrogen switch electromagnetic valve is opened and the mixed gas switch electromagnetic valve is closed to open the branch pipeline and cut off the branch connection pipeline, so that hydrogen is injected into the branch gas inlet of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor through different branch gas supply components.

[0024] (3) Mode three, mixed gas multi-stage dispersed inlet

[0025] When the mixed gas multi-stage dispersed inlet is controlled, the hydrogen switch electromagnetic valve is closed and the mixed gas switch electromagnetic valve is opened to cut off the branch pipeline and open the branch connection pipeline to realize the communication between the mixed pipeline and the branch gas supply component, and the air gas supply component and the hydrogen gas supply component are controlled to work according to the target hydrogen mixing concentration. Part of the mixed gas with a certain hydrogen concentration enters the catalytic reaction chamber of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor through the main inlet of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor, and part of the mixed gas enters the gas mixing chamber of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor through the branch gas inlet of the branch gas supply component, and the hydrogen catalytic combustion reaction is carried out in the catalytic reaction chamber.

[0026] The multi-stage inlet hydrogen catalytic combustion system of the application can realize multi-stage inlet of different modes according to the use requirements, improve the hydrogen catalytic efficiency of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system, reduce the reaction temperature, and realize the uniformity of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reaction temperature. The multi-stage inlet hydrogen catalytic combustion system of the application adopts a multi-stage inlet system configuration, so that the gas can be injected in different ways through the branch gas supply component in different modes, which can not only improve the useful power consumption ratio of the air gas supply component and improve the catalytic combustion efficiency of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system, but also reduce the reaction temperature of the catalytic combustion. In addition, the multi-stage inlet mode of the application can also solve the problem of uneven temperature distribution of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system during cold start, and improve the cold start time of the system.

[0027] Specifically, the application adopts segmented multi-stage air intake, injects hydrogen multiple times in the mixed gas reaction process, increases the proportion of hydrogen in the mixed gas after each reaction, and then can fully react the oxygen in the mixed gas. The air supply equipment such as an air compressor or a fan can provide air under the same power consumption, the amount of hydrogen that can be catalytically combusted can be increased by several times, the useful power is greatly increased, and the utilization rate is also greatly improved. By adopting segmented multi-stage air intake, the mixed gas with a certain amount of air and a certain hydrogen concentration can be classified into a hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor, and the total hydrogen consumption still meets the requirements. The mixed gas and heat exchange in the process can greatly reduce the hydrogen catalytic combustion reaction temperature. In the starting stage, the segmented multi-stage air intake can make the internal reaction temperature of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor reach equilibrium faster, and shorten the cold start time of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system.

[0028] In summary, compared with the prior art, the multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system, its working mode and method have the following advantages:

[0029] (1) By multi-stage mixed gas air intake, the useful power consumption ratio of the air supply component is increased, and the catalytic combustion efficiency of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system is improved.

[0030] (2) By multi-stage dispersed mixed gas air intake, the hydrogen catalytic combustion reaction temperature is reduced, and the adaptability of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system in special use scenarios is improved.

[0031] (3) The problem of uneven temperature distribution of the reactor catalyst before and after one-way air intake in the cold start stage of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system is solved, and the cold start time of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system is shortened. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creating any creative labor.

[0033] In order to more completely understand the present application and its beneficial effects, the following will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same reference numerals represent the same parts.

[0034] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 2 The hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor cross-sectional view of the multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 3The multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion method flow chart for an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Reference Signs List

[0038] 10. A multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system; 100. Hydrogen gas supply component; 200. Air supply component; 300. Mixed gas pressure detection component; 400. Mixed gas humidity detection component; 500. Mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component; 600. Hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor; 610. Catalytic reaction cavity; 620. Gas mixing cabin; 630. Branch air inlet; 640. Water collecting tank; 700. Branch gas supply component; 800. Post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component; 900. Reactor temperature detection component; 1000. Safety valve; 1100. Hydrogen switch electromagnetic valve; 1200. Mixed gas switch electromagnetic valve; 1300. Flame arrestor; 101. Mixed pipeline; 102. Branch pipeline; 103. Branch connecting pipeline; 104. Exhaust pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the above objectives, features and advantages of the present application more apparent, specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present application can be practiced without using some or all of these specific details, and that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0040] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0041] In the present application, unless specifically defined otherwise and limited, the terms "mount", "connect", "connection", "fixed", and the like, should be understood broadly, for example, can be fixed connection, can also be detachable connection, or integral; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship of two elements, unless otherwise specifically limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] In the present application, unless specifically defined otherwise and limited, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature, which can be direct contact between the first and second features, or indirect contact between the first and second features through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "over" and "on" the second feature can be directly above or obliquely above the first feature, or only indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "under" and "under" the second feature can be directly below or obliquely below the first feature, or only indicate that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0043] In the description of the present application, if the meaning of several is more than one, the meaning of multiple is more than two, greater than, less than, more than, etc. are understood as not including the number, above, below, within, etc. are understood as including the number. If it is described that the first, second is only used for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, it cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of indicated technical features.

[0044] In this paper, "optionally", "optional", "optional" means optional, that is, optional from two parallel schemes of "have" or "no". If there are multiple "optional" in a technical solution, unless otherwise specified, and there is no contradiction or mutual restriction, each "optional" is independent of each other. In this application, "optionally contains", "optionally contains" and the like, means "contains or does not contain".

[0045] In this application, when numerical intervals (i.e., numerical ranges) are mentioned, unless otherwise specified, the distribution of selectable numerical values ​​within the numerical interval is considered continuous, and includes the two endpoints of the numerical interval (i.e., the minimum and maximum values), as well as every numerical value between these two endpoints. Unless otherwise specified, when a numerical interval refers only to integers within that numerical interval, it includes the two endpoint integers of the numerical range, as well as every integer between the two endpoints, which is equivalent to directly listing every integer. When multiple numerical ranges are provided to describe features or characteristics, these numerical ranges can be merged. In other words, unless otherwise specified, the numerical ranges disclosed in this application should be understood to include any and all subranges included therein. The "numerical value" in the numerical interval can be any quantitative value, such as a number, percentage, ratio, etc. The term "numerical interval" can be broadly included to include percentage intervals, ratio intervals, proportion intervals, etc.

[0046] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0047] This application provides a multi-stage air-intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system to solve at least one of the following technical problems in existing hydrogen catalytic combustion technology: (1) most of the power consumption of the air supply components is not utilized, resulting in low hydrogen catalytic combustion efficiency; (2) when the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor uses a single air intake, if the hydrogen concentration is high and the intake volume is large, the reaction temperature will be high, which places high demands on the equipment and pipelines, and only additional heat dissipation components can be added, resulting in increased costs; (3) during the cold start-up phase of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system, a single air intake will cause uneven catalyst temperature distribution in the reactor, resulting in low hydrogen catalytic combustion efficiency. The multi-stage air-intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] The multi-stage intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 provided in this application embodiment is exemplary; please refer to [link to example]. Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-stage air-intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 provided in an embodiment of this application. The multi-stage air-intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 of this application can be used for hydrogen catalytic combustion applications.

[0049] To more clearly illustrate the structure of the multi-stage intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10, the following description of the multi-stage intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0050] For example, please refer to Figure 1As shown, a multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 includes a hydrogen supply component 100, an air supply component 200, a mixed gas pressure detection component 300, a mixed gas humidity detection component 400, a mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component 500, a hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600, a branch supply component 700, and a post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component 800.

[0051] The air supply component 200 is connected to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 through a mixing pipeline 101 in parallel with the hydrogen supply component 100. The hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 includes multiple catalytic reaction chambers 610 arranged from the first end to the tail end. Each catalytic reaction chamber 610 is connected with a branch supply component 700, and the branch supply component 700 is further connected to the hydrogen supply component 100 through a branch pipeline 102. The air intake amount of each branch supply component 700 is adjustable. The mixing pipeline 101 and the branch supply component 700 are connected through a branch connecting pipeline.

[0052] The mixing pipeline 101 is provided with the mixed gas pressure detection component 300, the mixed gas humidity detection component 400, and the mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component 500. The mixed gas pressure detection component 300 is used to monitor the pressure of the mixed gas in the mixing pipeline 101, so as to regulate the pressure of the air intake port of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600. The mixed gas humidity detection component 400 is used to monitor the humidity of the mixed gas in the mixing pipeline 101. The mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component 500 is used to monitor the hydrogen concentration of the mixed gas in the mixing pipeline 101, so as to regulate the hydrogen proportion in the mixed gas. The hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 is filled with at least Pd-based catalyst and Pt-based catalyst for realizing hydrogen catalytic combustion. The exhaust port of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 is connected with an exhaust pipeline 104. The post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component 800 is arranged on the exhaust pipeline 104. The post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component 800 is used to monitor the hydrogen concentration of the gas entering the exhaust pipeline 104 after the hydrogen consumption reaction.

[0053] The multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 can realize multi-stage air intake in different modes according to the use requirements, improve the hydrogen catalytic efficiency of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system, reduce the reaction temperature, and realize the uniformity of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reaction temperature. The multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 adopts a multi-stage air intake system configuration, so that the gas can realize different modes of air intake in different modes through the branch supply component 700, which can improve the useful power consumption ratio of the air supply component, improve the catalytic combustion efficiency of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system, and reduce the reaction temperature of the catalytic combustion. In addition, the multi-stage air intake mode can solve the problem of uneven temperature distribution of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system during the cold start stage, and improve the cold start time of the system.

[0054] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 2 as shown, Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 of a multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 according to an embodiment of the present application, in which gas mixing chambers 620 are respectively arranged between adjacent catalytic reaction chambers 610 in the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600. Each gas mixing chamber 620 is respectively provided with a branch air inlet 630 for connecting a branch air supply component 700 and a water collecting tank 640 for collecting reaction products.

[0055] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 2 as shown, the width of the plurality of catalytic reaction chambers 610 gradually decreases from the leading end to the middle position of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600, and gradually increases from the middle position to the trailing end of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600.

[0056] In some embodiments, the air supply component 200 includes an air supply pipeline, an air supply pump, an air flow meter, and an air pressure detection component. One end of the air supply pipeline is connected to an air source, and the other end of the air supply pipeline is connected to the mixing pipeline 101. The air supply pump, the air flow meter, and the air pressure detection component are respectively arranged on the air supply pipeline. The air supply pipeline, the air supply pump, the air flow meter, and the air pressure detection component are not shown in the drawings.

[0057] In some embodiments, the hydrogen supply component 100 includes a hydrogen supply pipeline, a hydrogen supply pump, a hydrogen flow meter, and a hydrogen pressure detection component. One end of the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to a hydrogen source, and the other end of the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to the mixing pipeline 101. The hydrogen supply pump, the hydrogen flow meter, and the hydrogen pressure detection component are respectively arranged on the hydrogen supply pipeline. The hydrogen supply pipeline, the hydrogen supply pump, the hydrogen flow meter, and the hydrogen pressure detection component are not shown in the drawings.

[0058] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 as shown, the multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 further includes a reactor temperature detection component 900. The reactor temperature detection component 900 is connected to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600. The reactor temperature detection component 900 is used to monitor the reaction temperature in the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600, to adjust and correct the hydrogen concentration in the mixed gas in the mixing pipeline 101, and to prevent the reaction from being too violent and the temperature from being too high due to too high hydrogen concentration.

[0059] In some embodiments, preferably, each catalytic reaction chamber 610 is respectively provided with a corresponding reactor temperature detection component 900.

[0060] In some embodiments, the multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 further comprises an exhaust solenoid valve. The exhaust solenoid valve is arranged on the exhaust pipeline 104 for controlling the exhaust of the post-reaction gas. The exhaust solenoid valve is not shown in the drawings.

[0061] In some embodiments, the multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 further comprises a hydrogen switch solenoid valve 1100. The hydrogen switch solenoid valve 1100 is arranged on the branch pipeline 102 for controlling the hydrogen intake of the branch pipeline 102.

[0062] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 The multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 further comprises a safety valve 1000. The mixing pipeline 101 is further communicated with a safety relief pipeline, the safety relief pipeline is connected to the exhaust pipeline 104, and the safety valve 1000 is arranged on the safety relief pipeline for discharging the mixed gas in the mixing pipeline 101 in an emergency situation including fire, serious over-temperature.

[0063] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 The multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 further comprises a mixed gas switch solenoid valve 1200. The mixed gas switch solenoid valve 1200 is arranged on the branch connection pipeline, and the mixed gas switch solenoid valve 1200 is used for directly controlling the on-off of the branch connection pipeline 103. The mixed gas switch solenoid valve 1200 cooperates with the hydrogen switch solenoid valve 1100 to realize the on-off of the branch pipeline 102 and the branch gas supply component 700.

[0064] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 The multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 further comprises a flame arrester 1300. The flame arrester 1300 is arranged on the mixing pipeline 101. The flame arrester 1300 is close to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600.

[0065] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 The flame arrester 1300 is also arranged on the branch pipeline 102, and the flame arrester 1300 is close to the branch gas supply component 700.

[0066] Preferably, in one example, referring to Figure 1As shown, one end of the branch connecting pipeline 103 is connected to the mixing pipeline 101 and the other end is connected to the branch pipeline 102. The hydrogen switch electromagnetic valve 1100 is arranged close to the hydrogen supply component 100, and the flame arrester 1300 is arranged close to the branch supply component 700, i.e. one end of the branch connecting pipeline 103 is connected to the branch pipeline 102 between the hydrogen switch electromagnetic valve 1100 and the flame arrester 1300. At the same time, one end of the branch connecting pipeline 103 is connected to the mixing pipeline 101 between the mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component 500 and the flame arrester 1300.

[0067] For example, when the hydrogen switch electromagnetic valve 1100 and the mixed gas switch electromagnetic valve 1200 on the branch pipeline 102 are both closed, the branch pipeline 102 and the branch connecting pipeline can be cut off. When the hydrogen switch electromagnetic valve 1100 is opened and the mixed gas switch electromagnetic valve 1200 is closed, the branch pipeline 102 can be opened and the branch connecting pipeline can be cut off, and the mixing pipeline 101 is not connected to the branch supply component 700. When the hydrogen switch electromagnetic valve 1100 is closed and the mixed gas switch electromagnetic valve 1200 is opened, the branch pipeline 102 can be cut off and the branch connecting pipeline can be opened to connect the mixing pipeline 101 to the branch supply component 700.

[0068] In some embodiments, each of the above-mentioned detection components can be a corresponding detection sensor.

[0069] In some embodiments, the multi-stage intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 further comprises a controller. The hydrogen supply component 100, the air supply component 200, the mixed gas pressure detection component 300, the mixed gas humidity detection component 400, the mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component 500, the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600, the branch supply component 700, the post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component 800, the post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component 800, the reactor temperature detection component 900, the safety valve 1000, the hydrogen switch electromagnetic valve 1100, and the mixed gas switch electromagnetic valve 1200 are electrically connected to the controller, respectively. The controller can perform corresponding program control as needed.

[0070] An embodiment of the present application further provides a multi-stage intake hydrogen catalytic combustion method.

[0071] It should be noted that, in the present application, unless otherwise specified, each reaction step can be performed in the order described herein or can not be performed in the order described herein. For example, each reaction step can include other steps, and the order of the reaction steps can be appropriately changed. This can be determined by a person skilled in the art according to conventional knowledge and experience. Preferably, the reaction method herein is performed in sequence.

[0072] A multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion method using the above multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10, please refer to Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 The multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion method flow chart of an embodiment of the present application, including the following modes:

[0073] (1) Mode one, conventional mixed gas catalytic combustion

[0074] Please refer to Figure 3 As shown, the hydrogen switch electromagnetic valve 1100 and the mixed gas switch electromagnetic valve 1200 on the control branch pipeline 102 are both closed to cut off the branch pipeline 102 and the branch connection pipeline, so that the mixed gas with the target hydrogen concentration enters the catalytic reaction chamber through the mixed pipeline 101 and the main air inlet of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 for hydrogen catalytic combustion reaction. The hydrogen concentration in this mode is the target hydrogen concentration of the initial air intake;

[0075] (2) Mode two, hydrogen multi-stage mixed gas air intake

[0076] Please refer to Figure 3 As shown, when the hydrogen multi-stage mixed gas air intake, the hydrogen switch electromagnetic valve 1100 is opened and the mixed gas switch electromagnetic valve 1200 is closed to open the branch pipeline 102 and cut off the branch connection pipeline. Through different branch air supply components 700, hydrogen is injected into the branch air inlet 630 of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 to realize continuous hydrogen supplement, fully consume oxygen in the air, and save energy consumption of the air supply pump.

[0077] For example, if the hydrogen concentration of the initial mixed gas is 3%, and the hydrogen concentration of the reacted mixed gas is reduced to 1% after passing through each catalytic reaction chamber, and then hydrogen is injected through the multi-stage branch air inlet 630 to make the hydrogen concentration of the reacted mixed gas return to 3%, and so on, the hydrogen concentration is reduced to 1% and then injected to return to 3%, and the last stage is discharged after complete hydrogen reduction. If the oxygen concentration in the discharged gas is 11%, about 10% of the oxygen in the initial air intake mixed gas is consumed, 9 stages of branch air intake are needed, the hydrogen reduction concentration can reach 19%, which is more than 6 times the original hydrogen reduction concentration. Under the same energy consumption, the air supply pump provides 6 times of hydrogen consumption and treatment, saving system energy consumption, and avoiding the risk of explosion caused by directly entering the hydrogen concentration of the mixed gas exceeding 4% into the hydrogen reduction reactor.

[0078] (3) Mode three, mixed gas multi-stage dispersion air intake

[0079] Please refer to Figure 3As shown, when the multi-stage mixed gas is introduced, the hydrogen switch electromagnetic valve 1100 is closed and the mixed gas switch electromagnetic valve 1200 is opened, so as to cut off the branch pipeline 102 and open the branch connecting pipeline, so that the mixed pipeline 101 is communicated with the branch gas supply component 700, the air gas supply component 200 and the hydrogen gas supply component 100 are controlled to work according to the target hydrogen mixing concentration, and a part of the mixed gas with a certain hydrogen concentration enters the catalytic reaction chamber of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 through the main inlet of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600, and another part enters the gas mixing chamber 620 of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 through the branch inlet 630 of the branch gas supply component 700, and the hydrogen catalytic combustion reaction is carried out in the catalytic reaction chamber along with the gas flow.

[0080] In some embodiments, the distribution ratio of mode three can be that 1 / 2 of the mixed gas enters the main inlet, and 1 / 4 of the mixed gas enters the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 through the two-stage branch inlet, so that the heat generated by the front-stage mixed gas catalytic combustion is mixed with the new mixed gas in the gas mixing chamber 620 along with the gas flow. The mixed gas after the hydrogen catalytic combustion reaction has a high water vapor concentration, and after the mixed gas is mixed with the new mixed gas in the gas mixing chamber 620, the temperature is reduced and the reaction is re-conducted in the next-stage catalytic reaction chamber, so as to ensure that the reaction temperature does not suddenly increase when the mixed gas with high hydrogen concentration suddenly enters the hydrogen consumption reactor, and ensure the uniformity of the temperature in the whole process of the hydrogen consumption reactor.

[0081] In some embodiments, in the multi-stage gas introduction hydrogen catalytic combustion method, during the cold start stage of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system, the catalyst temperature in the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 is low and the activity is poor, and the temperature of the front-end catalyst and the temperature of the rear-end catalyst will differ greatly, so that the hydrogen catalytic combustion efficiency is low. At this time, the mixed gas can be introduced in stages, so that the temperature of each catalytic reaction chamber is raised in a short time and is basically consistent, which can effectively shorten the cold start time of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system and improve the hydrogen catalytic combustion efficiency.

[0082] In the multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion method, according to mode selection, mode one is a conventional hydrogen catalytic combustion mode, hydrogen and air are mixed into a mixed gas with a certain target hydrogen concentration, and then directly enter the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 through the main inlet of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 to perform a catalytic combustion reaction; mode two, if the hydrogen catalytic combustion efficiency and air utilization rate are to be improved, hydrogen is supplemented to the mixed gas after the previous stage reaction to increase the hydrogen concentration of the mixed gas after the previous stage reaction, and the hydrogen catalytic combustion system is continued to react with oxygen in the air, thereby improving the hydrogen consumption efficiency of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system; mode three, if the hydrogen catalytic combustion temperature control is to be performed to prevent the reaction temperature from being too high, the mixed gas with the target hydrogen consumption concentration is proportionally divided and multi-stage air intake. In addition, during the cold start stage of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system, multi-stage air intake can be selected to make the catalyst temperature inside the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 reach a suitable temperature faster, so that the hydrogen consumption effect is realized faster.

[0083] In the multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion method, according to mode selection, mode one is a conventional hydrogen catalytic combustion mode, hydrogen and air are mixed into a mixed gas with a certain target hydrogen concentration, and then directly enter the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 through the main inlet of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 to perform a catalytic combustion reaction; mode two, if the hydrogen catalytic combustion efficiency and air utilization rate are to be improved, hydrogen is supplemented to the mixed gas after the previous stage reaction to increase the hydrogen concentration of the mixed gas after the previous stage reaction, and the hydrogen catalytic combustion system is continued to react with oxygen in the air, thereby improving the hydrogen consumption efficiency of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system; mode three, if the hydrogen catalytic combustion temperature control is to be performed to prevent the reaction temperature from being too high, the mixed gas with the target hydrogen consumption concentration is proportionally divided and multi-stage air intake. In addition, during the cold start stage of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system, multi-stage air intake can be selected to make the catalyst temperature inside the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 600 reach a suitable temperature faster, so that the hydrogen consumption effect is realized faster.

[0084] In summary, compared with the prior art, the multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system 10 and the working mode and method thereof have the following advantages:

[0085] (1) By multi-stage air intake of hydrogen, the proportion of useful power consumption of the air supply component is increased, and the catalytic combustion efficiency of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system is improved.

[0086] (2) By multi-stage air intake of the mixed gas, the reaction temperature of the hydrogen catalytic combustion is reduced, and the adaptability of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system in special use scenarios is improved.

[0087] (3) The problem of uneven temperature distribution of the catalyst in the reactor during the cold start stage of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system is solved, and the cold start time of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system is shortened.

[0088] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis, and the parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment can be referred to the related description of other embodiments.

[0089] Any combination of the technical features in the above-described embodiments can be made, and for the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations are described, however, as long as there is no conflict, any combination of the technical features should be considered within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0090] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, which are described in a more specific and detailed manner, but should not be understood as a limitation on the patent scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, some modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the patent protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multi-stage air-fed hydrogen catalytic combustion system, characterized in that, The application relates to a hydrogen gas supply component, an air supply component, a mixed gas pressure detection component, a mixed gas humidity detection component, a mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component, a hydrogen gas catalytic combustion reactor, a branch gas supply component and a post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component, wherein the air supply component and the hydrogen gas supply component are connected to the hydrogen gas catalytic combustion reactor through a mixing pipeline in parallel, the hydrogen gas catalytic combustion reactor comprises multiple-stage catalytic reaction cavities which are sequentially arranged from a head end to a tail end, each catalytic reaction cavity is connected with the branch gas supply component, each branch gas supply component is further connected with the hydrogen gas supply component through a branch pipeline, the gas inlet amount of each branch gas supply component is adjustable, the mixing pipeline and the branch gas supply component are communicated through a branch connecting pipeline, the mixing pipeline is provided with the mixed gas pressure detection component, the mixed gas humidity detection component and the mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component, the mixed gas pressure detection component is used for monitoring the pressure of mixed gas in the mixing pipeline, so as to control the pressure of the gas inlet of the hydrogen gas catalytic combustion reactor, the mixed gas humidity detection component is used for monitoring the humidity of mixed gas in the mixing pipeline, the mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component is used for monitoring the hydrogen concentration of mixed gas in the mixing pipeline, so as to control the hydrogen proportion in the mixed gas, the hydrogen gas catalytic combustion reactor is filled with at least a Pd-based catalyst and a Pt-based catalyst, so as to realize hydrogen catalytic combustion, an exhaust pipeline is connected to the exhaust outlet of the hydrogen gas catalytic combustion reactor, and a post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component is arranged on the exhaust pipeline, which is used for monitoring the hydrogen concentration of the gas in the exhaust pipeline after hydrogen consumption reaction.

2. The multi-stage air-fed hydrogen catalytic combustion system of claim 1, wherein, In the hydrogen gas catalytic combustion reactor, a gas mixing cabin is arranged between adjacent catalytic reaction cavities, each gas mixing cabin is provided with a branch gas inlet for connecting the branch gas supply component and a water collecting tank for collecting reaction products. And / or, along the direction from the head end to the tail end, the width of the multiple catalytic reaction cavities first decreases and then increases.

3. The multi-stage air-hung hydrogen catalytic combustion system of claim 1, wherein, The air supply component comprises an air supply pipeline, an air supply pump, an air flow meter and an air pressure detection component, one end of the air supply pipeline is connected to an air source, the other end of the air supply pipeline is communicated with the mixing pipeline, and the air supply pump, the air flow meter and the air pressure detection component are arranged on the air supply pipeline.

4. The multi-stage air-hydrogen catalytic combustion system of claim 1, wherein, The hydrogen gas supply component comprises a hydrogen gas supply pipeline, a hydrogen gas supply pump, a hydrogen gas flow meter and a hydrogen gas pressure detection component, one end of the hydrogen gas supply pipeline is connected to a hydrogen source, the other end of the hydrogen gas supply pipeline is communicated with the mixing pipeline, and the hydrogen gas supply pump, the hydrogen gas flow meter and the hydrogen gas pressure detection component are arranged on the hydrogen gas supply pipeline.

5. The multi-stage air-breathing hydrogen catalytic combustion system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system further comprises a reactor temperature detection component connected to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor, which is used to monitor the reaction temperature in the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor to adjust the hydrogen concentration in the mixed gas in the correction mixing pipeline to prevent the reaction from being too violent and the temperature from being too high due to too high hydrogen concentration.

6. The multi-stage air-breathing hydrogen catalytic combustion system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system further comprises an exhaust electromagnetic valve arranged on the exhaust pipeline to control the emission of the post-reaction gas. The multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system further comprises a hydrogen switch electromagnetic valve arranged on the branch pipeline to control the hydrogen intake of the branch pipeline.

7. The multi-stage air-breathing hydrogen catalytic combustion system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system further comprises a safety valve arranged on the safety relief pipeline connected to the exhaust pipeline to discharge the mixed gas in the mixing pipeline in emergency situations such as fire and severe over-temperature.

8. The multi-stage air-breathing hydrogen catalytic combustion system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system further comprises a mixed gas switch electromagnetic valve arranged on the branch connection pipeline.

9. The multi-stage air-breathing hydrogen catalytic combustion system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system further comprises a flame arrester arranged on the mixing pipeline close to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor, and / or a flame arrester arranged on the branch pipeline close to the branch gas supply component.

10. A multi-stage air-fed hydrogen catalytic combustion method, characterized by, The multi-stage air intake hydrogen catalytic combustion system according to any one of claims 1-9 comprises the following steps: (1) Mode one, conventional mixed gas catalytic combustion The hydrogen switch electromagnetic valve and the mixed gas switch electromagnetic valve on the branch pipeline are both closed to cut off the branch pipeline and the branch connection pipeline, so that the mixed gas with the target hydrogen concentration enters the catalytic reaction chamber through the mixing pipeline and the main inlet of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor for hydrogen catalytic combustion reaction; (2) Mode two, hydrogen multi-stage mixed gas intake When the hydrogen multi-stage mixed gas intake, the hydrogen switch electromagnetic valve is opened and the mixed gas switch electromagnetic valve is closed to open the branch pipeline and cut off the branch connection pipeline, so that hydrogen is injected into the branch inlet of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor through different branch gas supply components; (3) Mode three, mixed gas multi-stage dispersed intake When the mixed gas multi-stage dispersed intake, the hydrogen switch electromagnetic valve is closed and the mixed gas switch electromagnetic valve is opened to cut off the branch pipeline and open the branch connection pipeline to connect the mixing pipeline and the branch gas supply component, and the air supply component and the hydrogen supply component are controlled to work according to the target hydrogen concentration, a part of the mixed gas with a certain hydrogen concentration enters the catalytic reaction chamber of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor through the main inlet of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor, and another part enters the gas mixing chamber of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor through the branch inlet of the branch gas supply component, and flows in the catalytic reaction chamber for hydrogen catalytic combustion reaction.

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