Method for calculating length of column longitudinal reinforcement

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for calculating the cutting length of longitudinal reinforcement bars in columns. The method calculates the length of longitudinal reinforcement bars for the bottom and top layers of columns separately, and calculates the length of longitudinal reinforcement bars for the intermediate layers layer by layer from bottom to top. This ensures that the splicing positions of the longitudinal reinforcement bars are within the connectable height range, and that the height difference between the long and short reinforcement bars in the high piles meets the requirements. Furthermore, when optimizing the connection method of the intermediate layer longitudinal reinforcement bars using a Markov state transition optimization method, the optimal longitudinal reinforcement bar splicing scheme and the cutting list for the intermediate layer longitudinal reinforcement bars can be obtained. In addition, for the bottom and top layer longitudinal reinforcement bars, this invention also uses a genetic algorithm to optimize the cutting scheme, resulting in a raw material reinforcement bar cutting scheme with the minimum waste rate. This method comprehensively considers the optimization of cutting and detailing of longitudinal reinforcement bars in the bottom, intermediate, and top layers, improving the efficiency of longitudinal reinforcement bar detailing, and saving materials while meeting compliance and constructability requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for calculating the cutting length of longitudinal steel bars in columns, belonging to the field of intelligent construction. Background Technology

[0002] During the construction of concrete structural columns, it is necessary to determine the length and connection method of the column reinforcement according to the design drawings, and complete the reinforcement detailing. Since the longitudinal reinforcement of columns is usually large in diameter, heavy, and expensive, multiple factors such as constructability, material conservation, and compliance need to be comprehensively considered. Therefore, the detailing of the longitudinal reinforcement of columns has always been a key and challenging aspect of the construction process. During the detailing process, large-diameter longitudinal reinforcement of columns should be disconnected at reasonable locations on each floor and connected using sleeves to ensure ease of construction; at the same time, the use of reinforcement should minimize waste to improve economic efficiency; the longitudinal reinforcement of columns is usually divided into two categories: low pile length and high pile length. By reasonably staggering the length of the connection area, the specification requirement of only 50% connection within the same connection area is met.

[0003] Currently, the distance between the longitudinal reinforcement breakpoints and the floor level is determined by on-site technicians based on experience. However, due to variations in floor height, beam height, and the diameter and quantity of longitudinal reinforcement, technicians often struggle to comprehensively consider all constraints, leading to issues such as reinforcement connection areas being placed within the beam height range. This necessitates multiple calculations and verifications, resulting in inefficient detailing processes, suboptimal results, increased construction difficulty, and material waste. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology of longitudinal reinforcement detailing for columns, this invention provides a method for calculating the cutting length of longitudinal reinforcement for columns, which improves the efficiency of reinforcement detailing, ensures compliance and constructability, and reduces material consumption.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention includes the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for calculating the cutting length of longitudinal reinforcement bars in a column, wherein the building comprises N floors, each floor has a beam at its bottom intersecting with the longitudinal column, and the building has a roof beam; the longitudinal reinforcement bars in the longitudinal column include high-pile long reinforcement bars and low-pile long reinforcement bars; the calculation method includes the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Determine the length, diameter, and quantity of the longitudinal reinforcement bars of the first-layer longitudinal columns, and output the material cutting list. Determine the top height l1 of the high pile long reinforcement bars and the top height l2 of the low pile long reinforcement bars in the first layer.

[0008] Step 2: Determine the length, diameter, and quantity of longitudinal reinforcement bars for the longitudinal columns from the 2nd to the Nth floor, layer by layer from bottom to top, and output the cutting list for the longitudinal reinforcement bars; specifically including:

[0009] Step 2.1: For the length of the raw material steel bar, select n sub-lengths of raw material steel bar. The sub-lengths of raw material steel bars are cut from the raw material steel bar to ensure that there is no waste material in the raw material steel bar.

[0010] Step 2.2: Determine the floor height, beam height, and connectable zone height range of the t-th floor (KLJ). t t = 2, 3, ..., N;

[0011] Step 2.3: Select two lengths of l from the n seed raw material steel bar lengths respectively. n1 and l n2 The selected sub-material steel bars are connected to the top of the corresponding (t-1)th layer of longitudinal steel bars through a sleeve; the height of the longitudinal bars is iterated as l1 = l1 + l n1 and l2=l2+l n2 ;

[0012] Step 2.4: Determine whether the heights l1 and l2 of the longitudinal reinforcement are within the height range of the connectable zone. t Within this process, check whether the height difference l1-l2 between the raw material steel bars meets the structural requirements; if not, return to step 2.3 to select the length of the sub-raw material steel bars; if the requirements are met, proceed to step 2.5.

[0013] Step 2.5: Repeat steps 2.2 to 2.4 until t = N, and output the cutting list for the longitudinal steel bars of the 2nd to Nth layers;

[0014] Step 3: Determine the length of the longitudinal steel bars connected to the roof beam and generate a material cutting list.

[0015] Furthermore, in step one, determining the length of the longitudinal reinforcement bars in the first-floor longitudinal columns specifically includes:

[0016] Step 1.1: Obtain the cross-sectional dimensions and longitudinal reinforcement data RF1 of the longitudinal column, and calculate the length of the reinforcement connection area HK1;

[0017] Step 1.2: Determine the height range KLJ1 of the connectable zone for the first layer of longitudinal reinforcement;

[0018] Step 1.3: Divide the longitudinal reinforcement of the first layer into sections of length l. i1 High pile long steel bars and l i2 The length of the low pile reinforcement bars is determined by merging the length of the high pile reinforcement bars and the length of the low pile reinforcement bars according to the diameter of the reinforcement bars.

[0019] Step 1.4: Select longitudinal reinforcing bars of the same diameter, and merge them to obtain n high-pile-length reinforcing bars and n low-pile-length reinforcing bars respectively. i1 and n i2The high-pile long steel bars and low-pile long steel bars are arranged in the raw steel bars for cutting, and the waste rate corresponding to the cutting scheme is obtained. The longitudinal steel bar length under the cutting scheme with the waste rate meeting the requirements is output.

[0020] Step 1.5: Repeat step 1.4 until the cutting schemes for all diameter longitudinal steel bars are completed and all longitudinal steel bar lengths are obtained.

[0021] Furthermore, the longitudinal column is a rectangular column, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the longitudinal column include the long side length k1 and the short side length b1;

[0022] The longitudinal reinforcement of the longitudinal column includes corner bars, long side bars and short side bars, where RF1 = {rfh1, rfb1, rfj1}, rfh1, rfb1, and rfj1 are the reinforcement data of the short side bars, long side bars and corner bars respectively. Among them, the corner bar data rfj1 = {diameter rfjd1, quantity rfjn1}, the short side bar data rfh1 = {diameter rfhd1, quantity rfhn1}, and the long side bar data rfb1 = {diameter rfbd1, quantity rfbn1}.

[0023] HK1=35Max(rfjd1,rfbd1,rfhd1).

[0024] Furthermore, KLJ1 = [hbu1 + mc1, hbd2 - mc1];

[0025] hbu1 is the top height of the first-layer beam, hbd2 is the bottom height of the second-layer beam, and mc1 is the length of the non-connected area of ​​the first layer, where mc1 = max(500mm, k1, Hn1 / 6), k1 is the long side length of the longitudinal column of the first layer, and Hn1 is the clear height of the first layer.

[0026] Furthermore, a genetic algorithm is used to optimize the steel bar cutting scheme in step 1.4, with the optimization variables being the type n3 and the number n of raw steel bars. k The optimization objective is: in n i1 The root length is l 1,bottom High pile long steel bars and n i2 The root length is l 2,bottom When cutting long steel bars for low-pile piles, find the raw steel bar cutting scheme with the lowest waste rate;

[0027] Set the hyperparameters of the genetic algorithm, including population size P, mutation probability bp, and number of generations Z;

[0028] The objective function to be optimized is:

[0029]

[0030] The optimization constraint function is:

[0031]

[0032] In the formula, n1 represents the type of long reinforcing bars in high piles and long reinforcing bars in low piles, and n k n is the number of raw steel bars, and n3 is the type of raw steel bars. y is a positive integer; i,j For selection coefficients, j indicates that the longitudinal reinforcement is arranged in the j-th raw material reinforcement; i has two values: i1 indicates the high pile length reinforcement, and i2 indicates the low pile length reinforcement; l i1 and l i2 These are the lengths of the high-pile long reinforcing bars and the low-pile long reinforcing bars, respectively; L k Let be the length of the k-th raw material steel bar.

[0033] Furthermore, during optimization, one type of longitudinal steel bar with a specific diameter is selected, and n... i1 The root length is l 1,bottom High pile long steel bars and n i2 The root length is l 2,bottom The long steel bars of the low piles are randomly arranged in n3 types, n k P types of steel bar cutting schemes are formed from the raw steel bars, and the cutting schemes satisfy the optimization constraint function.

[0034] The above P cutting schemes form an initial scheme library A0, and the initial fitness F0 of population A0 is calculated according to the optimization objective function;

[0035] In the initial scheme library A0, a scheme with higher fitness is selected by roulette wheel to participate in the breeding of the next generation. After crossover and mutation operations, the next generation population A1 is generated. The fitness F1 of population A1 is calculated according to the optimization objective function.

[0036] Repeat the previous step until the maximum number of iterations is reached or the population fitness no longer changes significantly, to obtain a steel bar cutting scheme with the minimum waste rate.

[0037] Furthermore, in step two, the connection method of the longitudinal reinforcement is optimized using the Markov state transition optimization method, specifically as follows:

[0038] For the reinforcement in layer t, when it is connected to layer t+1, the state transition is written as:

[0039] S t =(l 1t ,l 2t )→S t+1 =(l 1t+1 ,l 2t+1 );

[0040] In the formula, l 1t and l 2tThe heights of the high-length and low-length reinforcing bars in the t-th layer are respectively, l 1t+1 and l 2t+1 S represents the height of the high pile and low pile reinforcement in the (t+1)th layer, respectively. t Let S represent the rebar connection state of the t-th layer. t+1 This refers to the reinforcement connection status of the (t+1)th layer;

[0041] For the reinforcement connection from floor t to floor t+1, the state transition action can be written as:

[0042] a t =(ΔL1,ΔL2),ΔL1,ΔL2∈{l1,…,l n1};

[0043] In the formula, {l1,…,l n1 Let} represent the lengths of n different sub-material steel bars;

[0044] State transition and constraints of state transition actions for:

[0045]

[0046] In the formula, l LB and l UB These are the upper and lower limits of the connectable zone for the reinforcing bars in this layer, respectively, d t The height difference between the high and low pile reinforcements is required for structural purposes;

[0047] The Markov state transition optimization objective function for the optimal longitudinal reinforcement connection method is written as follows:

[0048] max E[∑R(S t ,a t ,S t+1 )];

[0049]

[0050] In the formula, E(·) is the mathematical expectation, and R(S) is the expected value. t ,a t ,S t+1 ) is the state transition reward function.

[0051] Furthermore, step three involves determining the length of the longitudinal reinforcing bars connected to the roof beam, specifically including:

[0052] Step 3.1: Based on the high pile length l1, low pile length l2, and roof height obtained from the iteration at t=N in Step 2.5, calculate the length l of the top-floor high pile length rebar. 1,top and low pile long steel bars l 2,top The quantities of long steel bars in high piles and long steel bars in low piles are grouped according to the diameter of the longitudinal steel bars;

[0053] Step 3.2: Select the longitudinal reinforcing bars of the same diameter and merge them. The number of long reinforcing bars in the resulting high pile is denoted as n. i1 The number of long steel bars in the low pile is denoted as n. i2 ; and select n L1 A raw material steel bar of length L1 and n L2 A raw steel bar of length L2, in quantity n i1 The length and quantity of the high pile reinforcement are n i2 The long steel bars of the low pile are cut in the raw steel bars to obtain the scrap rate corresponding to the cutting scheme, and output the longitudinal steel bar length under the cutting scheme with the required scrap rate.

[0054] Step 3.3: Repeat step 3.2 until the cutting schemes for all diameter longitudinal steel bars are completed and all longitudinal steel bar lengths are obtained.

[0055] Furthermore, a genetic algorithm is used to optimize the steel bar cutting scheme in step 3.2, with the optimization variables being the type n3 and the number n of raw steel bars. k The optimization objective is: in n i1 The root length is l 1,top High pile long steel bars and n i2 The root length is l 2,top When cutting long steel bars for low-pile piles, find the raw steel bar cutting scheme with the lowest waste rate;

[0056] The hyperparameters for setting the genetic algorithm include population size P, mutation probability bp, and number of generations Z;

[0057] The objective function to be optimized is:

[0058]

[0059] The optimization constraint function is:

[0060]

[0061] In the formula, n1 represents the type of long reinforcing bars in high piles and long reinforcing bars in low piles, and n k n is the number of raw steel bars, and n3 is the type of raw steel bars. y is a positive integer; i,j For selection coefficients, j indicates that the longitudinal reinforcement is arranged in the j-th raw material reinforcement; i has two values: i1 indicates the high pile length reinforcement, and i2 indicates the low pile length reinforcement; l i1 and l i2 These are the lengths of the high-pile long reinforcing bars and the low-pile long reinforcing bars, respectively; L k Let be the length of the k-th raw material steel bar.

[0062] Furthermore, during optimization, n i1The root length is l 1,top High pile long steel bars and n i2 The root length is l 2,top The long steel bars of the low piles are randomly arranged in n3 types, n k P types of steel bar cutting schemes are formed from the raw steel bars, and the cutting schemes satisfy the optimization constraint function.

[0063] The above P cutting schemes form an initial scheme library A0, and the initial fitness F0 of population A0 is calculated according to the optimization objective function;

[0064] In the initial scheme library A0, a scheme with higher fitness is selected by roulette wheel to participate in the breeding of the next generation. After crossover and mutation operations, the next generation population A1 is generated. The fitness F1 of population A1 is calculated according to the optimization objective function.

[0065] Repeat the previous step until the maximum number of iterations is reached or the population fitness no longer changes significantly, to obtain a steel bar cutting scheme with the minimum waste rate.

[0066] By employing the above technical solutions, this invention has the following advantages and positive effects compared to existing technologies: This invention calculates the length of the longitudinal reinforcement bars in the bottom and top layers of the longitudinal columns separately, and uses the same calculation method to calculate the longitudinal reinforcement bars in the intermediate layer longitudinal columns layer by layer from bottom to top, ensuring that the splicing positions of the longitudinal reinforcement bars are within the connectable height range. t The method ensures that the height difference between the long and short reinforcing bars in the high and low piles meets the requirements. Furthermore, when optimizing the connection method of the intermediate layer longitudinal reinforcing bars using the Markov state transition optimization method, the optimal longitudinal reinforcing bar splicing scheme and the intermediate layer longitudinal reinforcing bar cutting list can be obtained. In addition, for the bottom and top layer reinforcing bars, this invention also uses a genetic algorithm to optimize the cutting scheme of the longitudinal reinforcing bars, obtaining the raw material reinforcing bar cutting scheme with the minimum waste rate. The column longitudinal reinforcing bar cutting length calculation method provided by this invention comprehensively considers the optimization of cutting and detailing of the bottom, intermediate, and top layer longitudinal reinforcing bars, improving the efficiency of longitudinal reinforcing bar detailing, and saving materials while meeting compliance and constructability requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0067] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for calculating the cutting length of longitudinal steel bars in a column according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom beam, longitudinal columns, and longitudinal reinforcement bars in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the intermediate layer beam, longitudinal column, and longitudinal reinforcement in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the roof beams, longitudinal columns, and longitudinal reinforcing bars in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the longitudinal column of floor t in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the longitudinal column of floor t-1 in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a steel bar cutting scheme in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0074] The numbers in the diagram are as follows:

[0075] 1-Longitudinal column; 2-Beam; 3-Longitudinal reinforcement; 4-Connection node; 5-Corner reinforcement; 6-Long side reinforcement; 7-Short side reinforcement. Detailed Implementation

[0076] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, provides a method for calculating the cutting length of longitudinal steel bars in columns according to the present invention. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer from the following description. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise scales, and are only used to facilitate and clarify the illustration of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0077] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a method for calculating the cutting length of longitudinal steel bars in columns, used to determine the cutting length of longitudinal steel bars in the longitudinal columns of a building, where the building has N floors, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the bottom of the longitudinal reinforcement 3 of the first-floor longitudinal column is fixed in the bottom beam 2, and the top is connected to the bottom of the second-floor longitudinal reinforcement 3 through a sleeve. The connection node 4 is located within the height range KLJ1 of the connectable area of ​​the first floor; combined with Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the bottom of the longitudinal reinforcement 3 of the longitudinal column 1 on the t-th floor is connected to the top of the longitudinal reinforcement of the longitudinal column on the (t-1)-th floor through a sleeve. That is to say, the connection node 4 of the top of the longitudinal reinforcement of the longitudinal column on the t-th floor is located in the connectable area height range KLJ above the beam (or floor slab) on the t-th floor. t Inside, the bottom of KLJ is located below the beam (or floor slab) of the t-th floor. t-1 Within, t = 2, 3, ..., N; in addition, it also involves the longitudinal reinforcement connecting the longitudinal column above the Nth floor to the roof beam, such as... Figure 4As shown, the top of the longitudinal reinforcement is anchored within the roof beam. The first layer can be referred to as the bottom layer, layers 2 to N as the intermediate layers, and the longitudinal reinforcement connecting the Nth layer's longitudinal column to the roof as the top layer. In this embodiment, the length of the longitudinal reinforcement in the bottom and top layer columns is calculated separately, while the longitudinal reinforcement in the intermediate layer columns is calculated layer by layer using the same calculation method. The method for calculating the cutting length of the column longitudinal reinforcement provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0078] Step 1: Determine the length, diameter, and quantity of the longitudinal reinforcement bars of the first-layer column, and output the material cutting list. Determine the top height l1 of the high-pile long reinforcement bars and the top height l2 of the low-pile long reinforcement bars of the first-layer column.

[0079] Step 2: Determine the length of the longitudinal reinforcement bars of the longitudinal columns on the t-th floor, t = 2, 3, ..., N, and summarize and output the material cutting list; specifically including:

[0080] Step 2.1: For raw material steel bars of lengths L1 and L2, select n sub-lengths of raw material steel bars. The sub-lengths of the raw material steel bars are cut from the raw material steel bars of lengths L1 and L2, and there is no waste material. For example, L1 = 9m and L2 = 12m. The selected sub-lengths of the raw material steel bars can be completely cut from the raw material steel bars of lengths L1 = 9m or L2 = 12m without any waste material. In this case, the sub-lengths of the raw material steel bars can be any one of [2m, 3m, 4.5m, 6m].

[0081] Step 2.2: Determine the floor height, beam height, and connectable zone height range of the t-th floor (KLJ). t For example, KLJ t =[hbu t +mc t ,hbd t -mc t ], hbu t Let hbd be the height of the top of the beam in the t-th layer. t+1 Let mc be the height of the bottom of the beam at level t+1. t Let mc1 be the length of the unconnected region in layer t, where mc1 = max(500mm, k t ,Hn i / 6), k t Let Hn be the length of the long side of the longitudinal column in the t-th layer. t Let t be the net height of the t-th floor; for example, based on the net height of the 2nd floor, the height range of the connectable area of ​​the 2nd floor is calculated to be KLJ2 = [6.6m, 9.2m];

[0082] Step 2.3: Select two lengths of l from the n seed raw material steel bar lengths respectively. n1 and l n2The selected sub-material steel bars are connected to the top of the longitudinal steel bars of the corresponding longitudinal column in the (t-1)th layer through a sleeve; at this time, the height of the longitudinal bars is iterated as l1 = l1 + l n1 and l2=l2+l n2 For example, when the heights of the first layer of longitudinal reinforcement are l1 = 1.3m and l2 = 2.3m, two reinforcement lengths are selected from the four sub-material reinforcement lengths [2m, 3m, 4.5m, 6m], and the selected sub-material reinforcements are connected to the first layer of longitudinal reinforcement through sleeves; at this time, the top height of the second layer of longitudinal reinforcement is iterated as l1 = l1 + l n1 and l2=l2+l n2 ;

[0083] Step 2.4: Determine whether the heights l1 and l2 of the longitudinal reinforcement are within the height range of the connectable zone. t Within the range, check whether the height difference l1-l2 between the raw material steel bars meets the structural requirements (i.e., greater than the length of the connection area). If not, return to step 2.3 to select the length of the sub-raw material steel bar. If the requirements are met, proceed to step 2.5. For example, when l1 = 1.3m and l2 = 2.3m, if a steel bar with a length of 4.5m is selected, only the high-pile-length steel bar is within the range of KLJ2, while the low-pile-length steel bar is not within the range of KLJ2, so it is necessary to return and select again. If a steel bar with a length of 6m is selected, both the high-pile-length steel bar and the low-pile-length steel bar are within the range of KLJ2, so it is possible to proceed to step 2.5.

[0084] Step 2.5: Repeat steps 2.2 to 2.4 until t = N, and output the cutting list for the longitudinal steel bars of the 2nd to Nth layers;

[0085] Step 3: Determine the length of the longitudinal steel bars connected to the roof beam and generate a material cutting list.

[0086] In one specific embodiment, step three is followed by:

[0087] Step 4: Within the connectable height range KLJ1, increase or decrease the lengths l1 and l2 of the longitudinal reinforcement bars of the first-floor longitudinal column from Step 1 at 0.1m intervals. Repeat Steps 1 to 3 until all possible longitudinal reinforcement bar lengths l1 and l2 within the connectable height range KLJ1 are traversed. Output different reinforcement bar connection schemes, compare all the reinforcement bar connection schemes, select the reinforcement bar cutting scheme with the least waste, and output the optimal cutting list. It should be noted that there may be multiple reinforcement bar cutting schemes with the least waste, and the reinforcement bar cutting scheme results obtained from Steps 1 to 4 are not unique. Construction personnel can choose a suitable rebar detailing scheme from the several schemes calculated by the program based on the actual site conditions, and obtain the corresponding reinforcement bar cutting list.

[0088] The following explanation uses a rectangular column as an example, combined with... Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the longitudinal columns are rectangular columns, which intersect with the beams. The cross-section of the rectangular column on the t-th floor includes the long side with length k. t and the length of the shorter side b t The longitudinal reinforcement 3 of the longitudinal column 1 includes corner bars 5, long side bars 6, and short side bars 7. The corner bar data, long side bar data, and short side bar data for floor t are denoted as rfj. t ,rfb t ,rfh t Among them, rfj t ={diameter rfjd t Quantity rfjn t}, rfb t ={diameter rfbd t Quantity rfbn t}, rfh t ={diameter rfhd t , quantity rfhn t}.like Figure 5 As shown, the number of corner reinforcements is 4, the number of long side reinforcements is 2, and the number of short side reinforcements is 2. Figure 6 As shown, the number of corner reinforcement bars is 4, the number of long side reinforcement bars is 4, and the number of short side reinforcement bars is 8. The calculation method will be further described below using a rectangular column as an example.

[0089] In step one, the length of the longitudinal reinforcement bars in the first-layer longitudinal columns needs to meet the following requirements: the heights of l1 and l2 must be within the height range KLJ1 of the first-layer connectable zone, and the height difference must meet the requirements. It also needs to meet the bottom anchorage length requirements and minimize the waste of steel reinforcement materials. The length of the longitudinal reinforcement bars in the first-layer longitudinal columns can be determined using traditional methods. As a preferred method, this embodiment provides an optimized solution for the first-layer longitudinal reinforcement bars, including the following steps:

[0090] Step 1.1: Obtain the cross-sectional dimensions of the longitudinal column and the longitudinal reinforcement data RF1, and calculate the length of the reinforcement connection area HK1; wherein, the cross-sectional dimensions of the longitudinal column include the long side length k1 and the short side length b1, where RF1 = {rfh1, rfb1, rfj1}, rfh1, rfb1, and rfj1 are the reinforcement data of the short side reinforcement, long side reinforcement, and corner reinforcement, respectively, where the corner reinforcement data rfj1 = {diameter rfjd1, quantity rfjn1}, the short side reinforcement data rfh1 = {diameter rfhd1, quantity rfhn1}, the long side reinforcement data rfb1 = {diameter rfbd1, quantity rfbn1}, and HK1 = 35Max(rfjd1, rfbd1, rfhd1). For example, statistics show that the first floor of a building has 50 longitudinal columns. According to the drawings, this includes 200 corner bars with a diameter of rfjd1 = 28mm, 200 short side bars with a diameter of rfhd1 = 25mm, and 200 long side bars with a diameter of rfbn1 = 25mm. Therefore, the length of the rebar connection area HK1 = 35max(rfjd1, rfbd1, rfhd1) = 0.98m. For ease of construction, this can be rounded up to 1.0m. The length of the rebar connection area is denoted as HK. i The height at which the tops of the long steel bars in the low pile and the long steel bars in the high pile should be staggered.

[0091] Step 1.2: As Figure 2 As shown, the height range KLJ1 of the connectable zone for the longitudinal reinforcement in the first layer is determined. Where KLJ1 = [hbu1 + mc1, hbd2 - mc1]. hbu1 is the top height of the first-layer beam, hbd2 is the bottom height of the second-layer beam, and mc1 is the length of the non-connected zone in the first layer, where mc1 = max(500mm, k1, Hn1 / 6), k1 is the long side length of the longitudinal column in the first layer, and Hn1 is the clear height of the first layer. For example, if the top height of the first-layer beam hbu1 = 0m, the bottom height of the second-layer beam hbd2 = 5.4m, Hn1 = hbd2 – hbu1 = 5.4m; mc1 = max(500mm, 600mm, 5.4m / 6) = 0.9m, KLJ1 = [hbu0 + mc1, hbd1 - mc1] = [0.9m, 4.5m].

[0092] Step 1.3: As Figure 7 As shown, the longitudinal reinforcement of the first layer is divided into sections of length l. i1 High pile long steel bars and l i2 The length of the low pile reinforcement is determined by merging the length of the high pile reinforcement and the length of the low pile reinforcement according to the diameter of the reinforcement; where i1 represents the length of the high pile reinforcement and i2 represents the length of the low pile reinforcement.

[0093] Step 1.4: Select longitudinal reinforcing bars of the same diameter, and merge them to obtain n high-pile-length reinforcing bars and n low-pile-length reinforcing bars respectively. i1 and n i2 The process involves arranging high-pile and low-pile long reinforcing bars on the raw material reinforcing bars and cutting them to obtain the scrap rate corresponding to the cutting scheme. The output is the longitudinal reinforcing bar length under the cutting scheme that satisfies the scrap rate requirement. Taking a longitudinal reinforcing bar with a diameter of rfjd1 as an example, n is selected. L1 The root length is L1, n L2 Raw steel bars of length L2, typically L1 = 9m and L2 = 12m, will be distributed in quantities of n. i1 n i2 The high-pile long steel bars and low-pile long steel bars are arranged in the raw steel bars and cut to obtain the waste rate corresponding to the cutting scheme.

[0094] Step 1.5: Repeat Step 1.4 until all longitudinal rebar diameters have been cut and all longitudinal rebar lengths have been obtained. For longitudinal rebars with diameters of rfjd1, rfhd1, and rfbd1, obtain the corresponding cutting schemes and scrap rates for all schemes.

[0095] Furthermore, a genetic algorithm is used to optimize the steel bar cutting scheme in step 1.4, with the optimization variables being the type n3 and the number n of raw steel bars. k The optimization objective is: in n i1 The root length is l 1,bottom High pile long steel bars and n i2 The root length is l 2,bottom When dealing with long reinforcing bars in low-pile structures, find the raw material reinforcing bar cutting scheme that minimizes waste rate. The types of raw material reinforcing bars are n3. For example, all bars can be cut using raw material reinforcing bars of length L1, all bars can be cut using raw material reinforcing bars of length L2, or a combination of bars of length L1 and bars of length L2 can be used. The number of bars of each type under the case of n3 raw material reinforcing bar types is denoted as n. k The hyperparameters of the genetic algorithm need to be set, including population size P, mutation probability bp, and generation number Z. During optimization, it is necessary to ensure that the rebar connection area is within the range KLJ1, and that the height difference between the top of the high-length and low-length rebars is equal to the connection length HK1. For example, the genetic algorithm can be used to optimize the 28mm diameter rebar in step 1.3. The optimization variables are the type n3 and the number n of the raw rebar. k The optimization objective is to optimize the performance of n... i1 =100 pieces of length l 1,bottom =2.5m high pile long steel bar and n i2 =100 pieces of length l 2,bottomFind the raw material rebar cutting scheme with the minimum waste rate when the low pile length is 3.5m. Set the hyperparameters of the genetic algorithm, including population size P=100, mutation probability bp=0.01, and number of generations Z=100. During optimization, it is necessary to ensure that the rebar connection area is within the range KLJ1=[0.9m,4.5m], and the length difference between the high and low piles is equal to the connection length HK1=1.0m.

[0096] The objective function for optimization is shown in equation (1):

[0097]

[0098] The optimization constraint function is shown in equation (2):

[0099]

[0100] In the formula, n1 represents the type of long reinforcing bars in high piles and long reinforcing bars in low piles, and n k n is the number of raw steel bars, and n3 is the type of raw steel bars; both are positive integers. y i,j The selection coefficient is denoted by j, which indicates that the current rebar is arranged in the j-th raw material rebar; i has two possible values: i1 indicates that the rebar is a high-pile-length rebar, and i2 indicates that the rebar is a low-pile-length rebar; l i1 and l i2 These are the lengths of the high-pile long reinforcing bars and the low-pile long reinforcing bars, respectively; L k Let be the length of the k-th raw material steel bar. In actual engineering, the length of the raw material steel bar is usually taken as 9m or 12m.

[0101] The optimization process is as follows:

[0102] n i1 The root length is l 1,bottom High pile long steel bars and n i2 The root length is l 2,bottom The long steel bars of the low piles are randomly arranged in n3 types, n k P types of steel bar cutting schemes are formed from the raw material steel bars. The cutting schemes need to meet the constraints shown in equation (2).

[0103] The above P cutting schemes form an initial scheme library A0, and the initial fitness F0 of population A0 is calculated according to equation (1);

[0104] In the initial scheme library A0, a scheme with higher fitness is selected by roulette wheel to participate in the next generation of reproduction. After crossover and mutation operations, the next generation population A1 is generated. The fitness F1 of population A1 is calculated according to equation (1).

[0105] Repeat the above steps until the maximum number of iterations is reached or the population fitness no longer changes significantly, to obtain the rebar cutting scheme with the minimum scrap rate. At this point, the number of raw material rebars is: n for the first type of raw material. k,1 Root, the second type of raw material, steel bar n k,2 Root, up to the n3rd type of raw material steel bar n k,n3 The optimal rebar cutting scheme for the root can be denoted as A. max .

[0106] Step 1.5: Provide the length l according to the different rebar diameters rfjd1, rfbd1, and rfhd1. 1,bottom The bottom high pile has long steel bars and a length of l 2,bottom The plan for cutting raw steel bars under the length of low-pile long steel bars is generated, and a steel bar cutting list is output. The top elevations of the high-pile long steel bars and the low-pile long steel bars are denoted as l1 and l2, respectively.

[0107] In one specific embodiment, in step two, the optimal rebar connection method is determined using the Markov state transition optimization method. For the longitudinal rebar in the t-th layer, when it is connected to the (t+1)-th layer, its state transition can be written as:

[0108] S t =(l 1t ,l 2t )→S t+1 =(l 1t+1 ,l 2t+1 (3)

[0109] In the formula, l 1t and l 2t These represent the heights of the high-length and low-length reinforcing bars in the t-th layer, respectively. 1t+1 and l 2t+1 S represents the top height of the high-pile long reinforcement and the low-pile long reinforcement of the (t+1)th layer, respectively. t Let S represent the rebar connection state of the t-th layer. t+1 This represents the reinforcement connection status of the (t+1)th layer.

[0110] For the reinforcement connection from floor t to floor t+1, the state transition action can be written as:

[0111] a t =(ΔL1,ΔL2),ΔL1,ΔL2∈{l1,…,l n} (4)

[0112] In the formula, {l1,…,l n Let} represent the lengths of n different sub-material steel bars.

[0113] For the state transition equations of equations (3) and (4), the constraints are... for:

[0114]

[0115] In the formula, l LB and l UB These are the upper and lower limits of the connectable zone for t+1 rebar, respectively, d t The height difference between the tall and short reinforcing bars required for the structure can be obtained by referring to step 1.1 based on the diameter data of the reinforcing bars in the current layer.

[0116] According to equations (3) to (5), the Markov state transition optimization objective function for the optimal rebar connection method can be written as:

[0117] max E[∑R(S t ,a t ,S t+1 (6)

[0118]

[0119] In the formula, E(·) is the mathematical expectation, and R(S) is the expected value. t ,a t ,S t+1 ) is the state transition reward function.

[0120] This embodiment can optimize the connection of longitudinal reinforcement in the intermediate layer; the optimization steps for each intermediate step are omitted here. For example, in a certain construction project, after optimization, the top heights of the low-length and high-length reinforcement bars in the Nth layer are 153.8m and 154.8m, respectively.

[0121] In one specific embodiment, step three, determining the length of the column longitudinal reinforcement connecting the top of the Nth layer longitudinal reinforcement to the roof, specifically includes the following steps:

[0122] Step 3.1: For the top-level reinforcing bars with heights l1 and l2 after step 2.5, both the connection zone and the connection height difference meet the requirements. Only the issue of material cutting in the top-level reinforcing bars needs to be considered. Calculate the length l of the top-level high-pile reinforcing bar based on the floor top elevation. 1,top and the length of the long steel bar in the low pile l 2,top The diameters of the top corner reinforcement, short side reinforcement, and long side reinforcement are denoted as rfjd. end ,rfbd end ,rfhd end The quantities of high-pile-length and low-pile-length reinforcing bars are grouped according to their diameter. For reinforcing bars of the same diameter, the grouped quantities of high-pile-length and low-pile-length reinforcing bars are n respectively. i1 and n i2 .

[0123] Step 3.2: Select the longitudinal reinforcing bars of the same diameter and merge them. The number of long reinforcing bars in the resulting high pile is denoted as n. i1 The number of long steel bars in the low pile is denoted as n. i2 ; and select n L1 A raw material steel bar of length L1 and n L2 A raw steel bar of length L2, in quantity n i1 The length and quantity of the high pile reinforcement are n i2 The low-pile long steel reinforcement is arranged in the raw steel reinforcement and cut to obtain the scrap rate corresponding to the cutting scheme. The output is the longitudinal steel reinforcement length under the cutting scheme with the required scrap rate. For example, for a diameter of rfjd end For longitudinal reinforcement, choose n L1 A raw material steel bar of length L1 and n L2 A number of raw steel bars of length L2 (typically L1 = 9m, L2 = 12m) will be used to make n... i1 The length and quantity of the high pile reinforcement are n i2 The long steel bars of the low pile are cut in the raw steel bar to obtain the waste rate corresponding to the cutting scheme. It is determined whether the waste rate meets the requirements. If it meets the requirements, proceed to the next step. If it does not meet the requirements, the arrangement is rearranged.

[0124] Step 3.3: Repeat step 3.2 until all longitudinal reinforcement bars of all diameters have been cut and all longitudinal reinforcement bar lengths have been obtained. For diameter rfjd end rfhd end and rfbd end All longitudinal reinforcing bars were cut according to the corresponding cutting scheme and the waste rate corresponding to the cutting scheme.

[0125] Furthermore, a genetic algorithm is used to optimize the problem described in step 3.2, with the optimization variables being the type n3 of the raw material steel bars and the number n bars. k The optimization objective is: in n i1 The root length is l 1,top High pile long steel bars and n i2 The root length is l 2,top To find the raw material steel bar cutting scheme with the least waste rate when dealing with long steel bars in low piles, the hyperparameters of the genetic algorithm need to be set, including population size P, mutation probability bp, and number of generations Z. The optimization objective function is shown in equation (8):

[0126]

[0127] The optimization constraint function is shown in equation (9):

[0128]

[0129] In the formula, n1 represents the type of long reinforcing bars in high piles and long reinforcing bars in low piles, and n kn is the number of raw steel bars, and n3 is the type of raw steel bars. y is a positive integer; i,j The selection coefficient is denoted by j, which indicates that the current rebar is arranged in the j-th raw material rebar; i has two possible values: i1 represents a high-length rebar and i2 represents a low-length rebar; l i1 and l i2 These are the lengths of the high-pile long reinforcing bars and the low-pile long reinforcing bars, respectively; L k Let be the length of the k-th raw material steel bar. In actual engineering, the length of the raw material steel bar is usually taken as 9m or 12m.

[0130] The optimization process is as follows:

[0131] n i1 The root length is l 1,top High pile long steel bars and n i2 The root length is l 2,top The long steel bars of the low piles are randomly arranged in n3 types, n k P types of steel bar cutting schemes are formed from the raw material steel bars. The cutting schemes need to meet the constraints shown in equation (2).

[0132] The above P cutting schemes form an initial scheme library A0, and the initial fitness F0 of population A0 is calculated according to equation (1);

[0133] In the initial scheme library A0, a scheme with higher fitness is selected by roulette wheel to participate in the next generation of reproduction. After crossover and mutation operations, the next generation population A1 is generated. The fitness F1 of population A1 is calculated according to equation (1).

[0134] Repeat the above steps until the maximum number of iterations is reached or the population fitness no longer changes significantly, to obtain the rebar cutting scheme with the minimum scrap rate. At this point, the number of raw material rebars is n (the first type of raw material rebar). k,1 Root, the second type of raw material, steel bar n k,2 Root, up to the n3rd type of raw material steel bar n k,n3 The optimal rebar cutting scheme corresponding to the root is denoted as A. max .

[0135] Step 3.4: According to different rebar diameters rfjd end ,rfbd end ,rfhd end Give length l respectively 1,top The long steel bars of the high pile and the length of l 2,top For low-pile long steel bars, the raw material steel bar cutting scheme is generated, and the steel bar cutting list is output.

[0136] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0137] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the cutting length of longitudinal steel bars in a column, characterized in that, The building comprises N floors, each floor has a beam at its bottom intersecting with a longitudinal column, and the roof has a roof beam. The longitudinal reinforcement of the longitudinal column includes high-pile long reinforcement and low-pile long reinforcement. The calculation method includes the following steps: Step 1: Determine the length, diameter, and quantity of the longitudinal reinforcement bars of the first-layer longitudinal columns, and output the material cutting list. Determine the top height l1 of the high pile long reinforcement bars and the top height l2 of the low pile long reinforcement bars in the first layer. Step 2: Determine the length, diameter, and quantity of longitudinal reinforcement bars for the longitudinal columns from the 2nd to the Nth floor, layer by layer from bottom to top, and output the cutting list for the longitudinal reinforcement bars; specifically including: Step 2.1: For the length of the raw material steel bar, select n sub-lengths of raw material steel bar. The sub-lengths of raw material steel bars are cut from the raw material steel bar to ensure that there is no waste material in the raw material steel bar. Step 2.2: Determine the floor height, beam height, and connectable zone height range of the t-th floor (KLJ). t t = 2, 3, ..., N; Step 2.3: Select two lengths of l from the n seed raw material steel bar lengths respectively. n1 and l n2 The selected sub-material steel bars are connected to the top of the corresponding (t-1)th layer of longitudinal steel bars through a sleeve; the height of the longitudinal bars is iterated as l1 = l1 + l n1 and l2=l2+l n2 ; Step 2.4: Determine whether the heights l1 and l2 of the longitudinal reinforcement are within the height range of the connectable zone. t Within this process, check whether the height difference l1-l2 between the raw material steel bars meets the structural requirements; if not, return to step 2.3 to select the length of the sub-raw material steel bars; if the requirements are met, proceed to step 2.

5. Step 2.5: Repeat steps 2.2 to 2.4 until t = N, and output the cutting list for the longitudinal steel bars of the 2nd to Nth layers; Step 3: Determine the length of the longitudinal steel bars connected to the roof beam and generate a material cutting list.

2. The method for calculating the cutting length of longitudinal reinforcement bars in columns as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step one involves determining the length of the longitudinal reinforcement bars in the first-floor longitudinal columns, specifically including: Step 1.1: Obtain the cross-sectional dimensions and longitudinal reinforcement data RF1 of the longitudinal column, and calculate the length of the reinforcement connection area HK1; Step 1.2: Determine the height range KLJ1 of the connectable zone for the first layer of longitudinal reinforcement; Step 1.3: Divide the longitudinal reinforcement of the first layer into sections of length l. i1 High pile long steel bars and l i2 The length of the low pile reinforcement bars is determined by merging the length of the high pile reinforcement bars and the length of the low pile reinforcement bars according to the diameter of the reinforcement bars. Step 1.4: Select longitudinal reinforcing bars of the same diameter, and merge them to obtain n high-pile-length reinforcing bars and n low-pile-length reinforcing bars respectively. i1 and n i2 The high-pile long steel bars and low-pile long steel bars are arranged in the raw steel bars for cutting, and the waste rate corresponding to the cutting scheme is obtained. The longitudinal steel bar length under the cutting scheme with the waste rate meeting the requirements is output. Step 1.5: Repeat step 1.4 until the cutting schemes for all diameter longitudinal steel bars are completed and all longitudinal steel bar lengths are obtained.

3. The method for calculating the cutting length of longitudinal reinforcement bars in columns as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The longitudinal column is a rectangular column, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the longitudinal column include the length of the long side k1 and the length of the short side b1; The longitudinal reinforcement of the longitudinal column includes corner bars, long side bars and short side bars, where RF1 = {rfh1, rfb1, rfj1}, rfh1, rfb1, and rfj1 are the reinforcement data of the short side bars, long side bars and corner bars respectively. Among them, the corner bar data rfj1 = {diameter rfjd1, quantity rfjn1}, the short side bar data rfh1 = {diameter rfhd1, quantity rfhn1}, and the long side bar data rfb1 = {diameter rfbd1, quantity rfbn1}. HK1=35Max(rfjd1,rfbd1,rfhd1).

4. The method for calculating the cutting length of longitudinal reinforcement bars in columns as described in claim 3, characterized in that, KLJ1 = [hbu1 + mc1, hbd2 - mc1]; hbu1 is the top height of the first-layer beam, hbd2 is the bottom height of the second-layer beam, and mc1 is the length of the non-connected area of ​​the first layer, where mc1 = max(500mm, k1, Hn1 / 6), k1 is the long side length of the longitudinal column of the first layer, and Hn1 is the clear height of the first layer.

5. The method for calculating the cutting length of longitudinal reinforcement bars in columns as described in claim 3, characterized in that, A genetic algorithm is used to optimize the steel bar cutting scheme in step 1.4, with the optimization variables being the type n3 and the number n of raw steel bars. k The optimization objective is: in n i1 The root length is l 1,bottom High pile long steel bars and n i2 The root length is l 2,bottom When cutting long steel bars for low-pile piles, find the raw steel bar cutting scheme with the lowest waste rate; Set the hyperparameters of the genetic algorithm, including population size P, mutation probability bp, and number of generations Z; The objective function to be optimized is: The optimization constraint function is: In the formula, n1 represents the type of long reinforcing bars in high piles and long reinforcing bars in low piles, and n k n is the number of raw steel bars, and n3 is the type of raw steel bars. y is a positive integer; i,j For selection coefficients, j indicates that the longitudinal reinforcement is arranged in the j-th raw material reinforcement; i has two values: i1 indicates the high pile length reinforcement, and i2 indicates the low pile length reinforcement; l i1 and l i2 These are the lengths of the high-pile long reinforcing bars and the low-pile long reinforcing bars, respectively; L k Let be the length of the k-th raw material steel bar.

6. The method for calculating the cutting length of longitudinal reinforcement bars in columns as described in claim 5, characterized in that, During optimization, select one type of longitudinal steel bar diameter and set n... i1 The root length is l 1,bottom High pile long steel bars and n i2 The root length is l 2,bottom The long steel bars of the low piles are randomly arranged in n3 types, n k P types of steel bar cutting schemes are formed from the raw steel bars, and the cutting schemes satisfy the optimization constraint function. The above P cutting schemes form an initial scheme library A0, and the initial fitness F0 of population A0 is calculated according to the optimization objective function; In the initial scheme library A0, a scheme with higher fitness is selected by roulette wheel to participate in the breeding of the next generation. After crossover and mutation operations, the next generation population A1 is generated. The fitness F1 of population A1 is calculated according to the optimization objective function. Repeat the previous step until the maximum number of iterations is reached or the population fitness no longer changes significantly, to obtain a steel bar cutting scheme with the minimum waste rate.

7. The method for calculating the cutting length of longitudinal reinforcement bars in columns as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step two, the connection method of the longitudinal reinforcement is optimized using the Markov state transition optimization method, specifically as follows: For the reinforcement in layer t, when it is connected to layer t+1, the state transition is written as: S t =(l 1t ,L 2t )→S t+1 =(l 1t+1 ,L 2t+1 ); In the formula, l 1t and l 2t The heights of the high-length and low-length reinforcing bars in the t-th layer are respectively, l 1t+1 and l 2t+1 S represents the height of the high pile and low pile reinforcement in the (t+1)th layer, respectively. t Let S represent the rebar connection state of the t-th layer. t+1 This refers to the reinforcement connection status of the (t+1)th layer; For the reinforcement connection from floor t to floor t+1, the state transition action can be written as: a t =(ΔL1,ΔL2),ΔL1,ΔL2∈{l1,…,l n1 }; In the formula, {l1,…,l n1 Let} represent the lengths of n different sub-material steel bars; State transition and constraints of state transition actions for: In the formula, l LB and l UB These are the upper and lower limits of the connectable zone for the reinforcing bars in this layer, respectively, d t The height difference between the high and low pile reinforcements is required for structural purposes; The Markov state transition optimization objective function for the optimal longitudinal reinforcement connection method is written as follows: maxE[∑R(S t ,and t ,S t+1 )]; In the formula, E(·) is the mathematical expectation, and R(S) is the expected value. t ,a t ,S t+1 ) is the state transition reward function.

8. The method for calculating the cutting length of longitudinal reinforcement bars in columns as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step three involves determining the length of the longitudinal reinforcing bars connected to the roof beam, specifically including: Step 3.1: Based on the high pile length l1, low pile length l2, and roof height obtained from the iteration at t=N in Step 2.5, calculate the length l of the top-floor high pile length rebar. 1,top and low pile long steel bars l 2,top The quantities of long steel bars in high piles and long steel bars in low piles are grouped according to the diameter of the longitudinal steel bars; Step 3.2: Select the longitudinal reinforcing bars of the same diameter and merge them. The number of long reinforcing bars in the resulting high pile is denoted as n. i1 The number of long steel bars in the low pile is denoted as n. i2 ; and select n L1 A raw material steel bar of length L1 and n L2 A raw steel bar of length L2, in quantity n i1 The length and quantity of the high pile reinforcement are n i2 The long steel bars of the low pile are cut in the raw steel bars to obtain the scrap rate corresponding to the cutting scheme, and output the longitudinal steel bar length under the cutting scheme with the required scrap rate. Step 3.3: Repeat step 3.2 until the cutting schemes for all diameter longitudinal steel bars are completed and all longitudinal steel bar lengths are obtained.

9. The method for calculating the cutting length of longitudinal reinforcement bars in columns as described in claim 8, characterized in that, A genetic algorithm is used to optimize the steel bar cutting scheme in step 3.2, with the optimization variables being the type n3 and the number n of raw steel bars. k The optimization objective is: in n i1 The root length is l 1,top High pile long steel bars and n i2 The root length is l 2,top When cutting long steel bars for low-pile piles, find the raw steel bar cutting scheme with the lowest waste rate; The hyperparameters for setting the genetic algorithm include population size P, mutation probability bp, and number of generations Z; The objective function to be optimized is: The optimization constraint function is: In the formula, n1 represents the type of long reinforcing bars in high piles and long reinforcing bars in low piles, and n k n is the number of raw steel bars, and n3 is the type of raw steel bars. y is a positive integer; i,j For selection coefficients, j indicates that the longitudinal reinforcement is arranged in the j-th raw material reinforcement; i has two values: i1 indicates the high pile length reinforcement, and i2 indicates the low pile length reinforcement; l i1 and l i2 These are the lengths of the high-pile long reinforcing bars and the low-pile long reinforcing bars, respectively; L k Let be the length of the k-th raw material steel bar.

10. The method for calculating the cutting length of longitudinal reinforcement bars in columns as described in claim 9, characterized in that, During optimization, n i1 The root length is l 1,top High pile long steel bars and n i2 The root length is l 2,top The long steel bars of the low piles are randomly arranged in n3 types, n k P types of steel bar cutting schemes are formed from the raw steel bars, and the cutting schemes satisfy the optimization constraint function. The above P cutting schemes form an initial scheme library A0, and the initial fitness F0 of population A0 is calculated according to the optimization objective function; In the initial scheme library A0, a scheme with higher fitness is selected by roulette wheel to participate in the breeding of the next generation. After crossover and mutation operations, the next generation population A1 is generated. The fitness F1 of population A1 is calculated according to the optimization objective function. Repeat the previous step until the maximum number of iterations is reached or the population fitness no longer changes significantly, to obtain a steel bar cutting scheme with the minimum waste rate.

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