A method for electric field assisted laser additive manufacturing of zirconium dioxide based ceramic cutting tools

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of material preparation, and specifically relates to a method for electric field-assisted laser additive manufacturing of ZrO2-based ceramic tools. The present invention applies an electric field in laser additive manufacturing, and optimizes the electrode plate, electric field, laser processing parameters, and material used for processing in electric field-assisted laser additive manufacturing. The ceramic tool preparation method obtained has a simple process, and the obtained ceramic tool has excellent mechanical properties, thermal conductivity, density and wear resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of material preparation, and in particular to a method for manufacturing a ZrO2-based ceramic tool by electric field-assisted laser additive manufacturing. Background Art

[0002] Ceramic cutting tools have the characteristics of high hardness, high temperature resistance, high chemical stability, and wear resistance. They are promising alternatives to traditional cutting tools such as high-strength steel and cemented carbide. They have become a research hotspot in the field of efficient, clean, and high-speed cutting processing, and are widely used in the fields of automobiles, aerospace, and electronics. ZrO2 ceramics have excellent compression resistance, fracture resistance, and impact resistance, and are widely used in the manufacture of structural ceramics, such as cutting tools. Good edge integrity enables ZrO2 cutting tools to have better processing quality than traditional tools, but ZrO2 cutting tools prepared by traditional sintering methods have low strength and toughness and poor heat dissipation performance. During high-speed cutting and cutting of difficult-to-process materials, a large amount of cutting heat is easily generated, resulting in a decrease in the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the tool, which limits the excellent performance of ceramic tools in dry cutting and high-speed cutting, and seriously affects the processing quality of materials.

[0003] In the prior art, the preparation methods of ceramic cutting tools mainly include:

[0004] (1) The Chinese patent application number is CN202011340109.1, entitled "A monolithic zirconia ceramic cutting tool material and its preparation method". The zirconia ceramic cutting tool material is prepared by injection molding and high-temperature sintering. However, this preparation method has high requirements on the quality of the injection blank and requires subsequent process steps such as degreasing, debinding and sintering, resulting in low production efficiency. The degreasing and debinding process of the injection blank is prone to form pores, resulting in low density, and poor mechanical properties and wear resistance of the ceramic tool.

[0005] (2) The Chinese patent application number is CN202111634175.4, and its name is a method for preparing fine-grained oxide ceramics. It uses electric field-assisted flash sintering technology to prepare fine-grained oxide ceramics. However, the ZrO2 ceramic blocks prepared by this method have poor density, a large number of unavoidable pores between the grains, and poor mechanical properties. It has strict requirements on powders and requires additional processes to prepare coated powders. In addition, the complex process flow of powder coating, molding, PVA exclusion and sintering reduces the production efficiency of ZrO2 ceramic blocks.

[0006] (3) The Chinese patent application number is CN201610390878.X, and the name is a method for ultrasonic-assisted laser near-net-shape forming of Al2O3-based eutectic ceramic tools. The method uses ultrasonic-assisted laser to near-net-shape forming of Al2O3-based eutectic ceramic tools. However, as the forming height increases, the effect of ultrasonic-assisted grain refinement of the substrate weakens; the thermal conductivity is poor, the ceramic tool wears greatly, and the life is short.

[0007] In summary, there is an urgent need to provide a method for preparing ceramic tools with simple process and excellent mechanical properties. Summary of the invention

[0008] [Technical issues]

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a ceramic tool with simple process and excellent mechanical properties.

[0010] [Technical solution]

[0011] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0012] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an electric field assisted laser additive manufacturing device, the device comprising:

[0013] Laser generating device, electric field assist system and substrate 6;

[0014] The laser generating device comprises a laser 1 and a laser processing head 2 connected to the laser 1;

[0015] The electric field auxiliary system includes: an electrode plate 3, a power source 4 and an electrode plate fixture 5. The power source 4 provides electric energy to the electrode plate 3. The electrode plate 3 is fixed on the laser processing platform through the electrode plate fixture 5.

[0016] In one embodiment, the cross-sectional area of ​​the electrode plate 3 is 10 2 ~10 6 mm 2 .

[0017] In one embodiment, the thickness of the electrode plate 3 is 1-10 mm.

[0018] In one embodiment, the material of the electrode plate 3 includes at least one of stainless steel, copper or its alloy, silver or its alloy, platinum or its alloy.

[0019] In one embodiment, the device further includes a powder feeder, which is used to transport ZrO2-based powder to the electric field-assisted laser additive manufacturing device for electric field-assisted laser additive manufacturing.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for electric field assisted laser additive manufacturing of a ZrO2-based ceramic tool using the electric field assisted laser additive manufacturing device of the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0021] (1) subjecting the dried ZrO2-based powder material to polarization treatment under the action of an electric field;

[0022] (2) Placing the polarized ZrO2-based powder material obtained in step (1) in the electric field-assisted laser additive manufacturing device, and performing laser additive manufacturing under the action of the electric field.

[0023] In one embodiment, the ZrO2-based powder material includes at least one of ZrO2 or oxide-stabilized ZrO2; the oxide-stabilized ZrO2 includes at least one of Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2, MgO-stabilized ZrO2, CaO-stabilized ZrO2, and CeO2-stabilized ZrO2;

[0024] The ZrO2-based powder material also includes at least one of ceramic or metal;

[0025] The ceramic includes at least one of Al2O3, TiC, and Si3N4;

[0026] The metal includes at least one of Co, Cr, W and Mo.

[0027] In one embodiment, based on weight ratio, the ceramic content is 0-78.3 wt %, the metal content is 0-6.2 wt %, and the balance is ZrO 2 or oxide-stabilized ZrO 2.

[0028] In one embodiment, the diameter of the ZrO2-based powder is 20-60 μm.

[0029] In one embodiment, the drying method is not limited, and the ZrO2-based powder may be dried in a drying oven at 120°C for 6 hours to obtain a dry ZrO2-based powder.

[0030] In one embodiment, the polarization in step (1) specifically comprises: polarizing the powder at an electric field strength of 20 to 500 V / cm for 3 to 30 min.

[0031] In one embodiment, the step (1) specifically includes:

[0032] S1. Sandblast the substrate 6, then clean and dry it with the electrode plate fixture 5 using acetone, alcohol, and deionized water in turn, install the electrode plate 3 in the electric field assisted system on the laser processing platform, keep the electrode plates 3 parallel to each other and perpendicular to the laser processing platform, adjust the electrode plates 3 to separate the two sides of the laser processing head 2, adjust the electrode plate spacing to 20-500 mm, and fix them with the electrode plate fixture 5;

[0033] The electrode plate is made of stainless steel, copper, silver or platinum;

[0034] The cross-sectional area of ​​the electrode plate is 10 2 ~10 6 mm 2 ;

[0035] The thickness of the electrode plate is 1-10 mm;

[0036] S2. Select ZrO2-based powder with a diameter of 20-60 μm, dry it in a drying oven at 120°C for 6 hours; polarize the powder at an electric field strength of 20-500 V / cm for 3-30 minutes, and then place it in a powder feeder, and use the powder feeder to transport the ZrO2-based powder to the laser additive manufacturing device described in the first aspect for laser additive manufacturing.

[0037] In one embodiment, the electric field parameters in step (2) are set to: output current 10~10 4 A, current frequency 10×10 6 Hz, current density amplitude 0.15~10 4 A / mm 2 , a duty cycle of 10-100%; the direction of the electric field forms an angle of 0-90° with the laser scanning direction in laser additive manufacturing.

[0038] In one embodiment, the laser additive manufacturing specifically includes: using a powder feeder to transport the polarized ZrO2-based powder material with an inert gas in an electric field for laser additive manufacturing, wherein the powder feeding amount is 1.2-18.3 g / min, and the laser power density is 10 2 ~10 4 W / cm 2 , the scanning speed is 200~2000 mm / min.

[0039] In one embodiment, the step (2) specifically includes:

[0040] S1, turn on the power 4 of the electric field auxiliary system, set the key parameters of the electric field auxiliary system, and adjust the electric field direction to form a certain angle with the scanning direction;

[0041] The key parameter is the output current 10~10 4 A, current frequency 10×10 6 Hz, current density amplitude 0.15~10 4 A / mm 2 , duty cycle 10~100%;

[0042] The angle is 0-90°;

[0043] S2. Turn on the inert gas to provide powder feeding power and gas protection for the laser additive manufacturing process, adjust the powder feeding gas pressure to 0.4MPa, the gas flow rate to 5-20L / min, the protective gas pressure to 0.15MPa, and adjust the distance between the bottom of the laser processing head 2 and the substrate 6 to 7mm; start the powder feeder and the laser 1 successively, set the laser processing parameters, and perform laser additive manufacturing of the ZrO2-based ceramic tool 7 in the electric field;

[0044] The laser processing parameters are as follows: the laser power density is 10 2 ~10 4 W / cm 2 , powder feeding amount is 1.2~18.3g / min, scanning speed is 200~2000mm / min;

[0045] S3, after the deposition is completed, the laser 1, the powder feeder, and the inert gas are turned off in sequence, and the power supply 4 of the electric field auxiliary system is turned off later;

[0046] The delay time is 4 to 10 minutes.

[0047] In one embodiment, the material of the electrode plate 3 includes at least one of stainless steel, copper or its alloy, silver or its alloy, platinum or its alloy.

[0048] In one embodiment, the cross-sectional area of ​​the electrode plate 3 is 10 2 ~10 6 mm 2 , thickness is 1~10 mm.

[0049] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a ZrO2-based ceramic tool prepared by the method described in the second aspect.

[0050] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides application of the device described in the first aspect or the method described in the second aspect in electric field assisted laser additive manufacturing of ZrO2-based ceramic cutting tools.

[0051] It should be understood that within the scope of the present invention, the above-mentioned technical features of the present invention and the technical features specifically described below (such as embodiments) can be combined with each other to form a new or preferred technical solution. Due to space limitations, they will not be described one by one here.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0053] The method for electric field-assisted laser additive manufacturing of ZrO2-based ceramic tools provided by the present invention can not only improve the mechanical properties, thermal conductivity, density and wear resistance of the ceramic tools, but also simplify the process flow, shorten the cycle and improve production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the equipment used for electric field-assisted laser additive manufacturing of ZrO2-based ceramic tools, wherein: 1-laser; 2-laser processing head; 3-electrode plate; 4-power supply; 5-electrode plate fixture; 6-substrate; 7-ZrO2-based ceramic tool. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, and the examples provided are only for illustrating the present invention, rather than for limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples provided below can be used as a guide for further improvements by those of ordinary skill in the art, and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention in any way.

[0056] The experimental methods in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional methods, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the field or according to the product instructions. The materials and reagents used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, can all be obtained from commercial channels.

[0057] The performance parameter (density, hardness and fracture toughness) detection methods in the following embodiments refer to the document titled: Microstructure and mechanical properties of melt-grown alumina-mullite / glass composites fabricated by directed laser deposition, which is published in the journal: Journal of Advanced Ceramics, publishing year 2022, volume 11, issue 1, pages 75-93, DOI number: doi.org / 10.1007 / s40145-021-0518-6.

[0058] Example:

[0059] Embodiment 1:

[0060] A method for electric field assisted laser additive manufacturing of ZrO2-based ceramic cutting tools, the specific steps are as follows:

[0061] (1) The substrate 6 is sandblasted, and then the substrate and the electrode plate fixture 5 are cleaned and dried with acetone, alcohol, and deionized water in turn. The electrode plate 3 in the electric field assisted system is mounted on the laser processing platform, and the electrode plates 3 are kept parallel to each other and perpendicular to the laser processing platform. The electrode plates 3 are adjusted to separate the two sides of the laser processing head 2, and the distance between the electrode plates is adjusted to 20 mm and fixed with the electrode plate fixture 5;

[0062] The electrode plate is made of stainless steel;

[0063] The cross-sectional area of ​​the electrode plate is 10 2 mm 2 ;

[0064] The thickness of the electrode plate is 1 mm;

[0065] (2) Select Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 powder with a diameter of 20-60 μm and dry it in a drying oven at 120 °C for 6 h. Polarize the powder at an electric field strength of 20 V / cm for 3 min and then place it in the powder feeder of the laser additive manufacturing system.

[0066] (3) Turn on the power 4 of the electric field assisted system, set the key parameters of the electric field assisted system, and adjust the electric field direction to form a certain angle with the scanning direction.

[0067] The key parameters are output current 10A, current frequency 10Hz, current density amplitude 0.15A / mm 2 , duty cycle 10%;

[0068] The size of the angle is 0°.

[0069] (4) Turn on the inert gas to provide powder feeding power and gas protection for the laser additive manufacturing process, adjust the powder feeding gas pressure to 0.4 MPa, the gas flow rate to 5 L / min, the protective gas pressure to 0.15 MPa, and adjust the distance between the bottom of the laser processing head 2 and the substrate 6 to 7 mm; start the powder feeder and the laser 1 in turn, set the laser processing parameters, and perform laser additive manufacturing of the ZrO2-based ceramic tool 7 in the electric field.

[0070] The laser processing parameters are as follows: the laser power density is 10 2 W / cm 2 , powder feeding amount is 1.2g / min, and scanning speed is 2000mm / min.

[0071] (5) After the deposition is completed, turn off the laser 1, powder feeder, and inert gas in sequence, and delay turning off the power supply 4 of the electric field assist system.

[0072] The delay time is 4 minutes.

[0073] Embodiment 2:

[0074] A method for electric field assisted laser additive manufacturing of ZrO2-based ceramic cutting tools, the specific steps are as follows:

[0075] (1) The substrate 6 is sandblasted, and then the substrate 6 and the electrode plate fixture 5 are cleaned and dried with acetone, alcohol, and deionized water in turn. The electrode plate 3 in the electric field assisted system is mounted on the laser processing platform, and the electrode plates 3 are kept parallel to each other and perpendicular to the laser processing platform. The electrode plates 3 are adjusted to separate the two sides of the laser processing head 2, and the distance between the electrode plates is adjusted to 50 mm and fixed with the electrode plate fixture 5;

[0076] The electrode plate is made of copper;

[0077] The cross-sectional area of ​​the electrode plate is 8×10 2 mm 2 ;

[0078] The electrode plate has a thickness of 1.5 mm;

[0079] (2) MgO-stabilized ZrO2 powder with a diameter of 20-60 μm was selected and dried in a drying oven at 120 °C for 6 h. The powder was polarized at an electric field strength of 50 V / cm for 5 min and then placed in the powder feeder of the laser additive manufacturing system.

[0080] (3) Turn on the power 4 of the electric field assisted system, set the key parameters of the electric field assisted system, and adjust the electric field direction to form a certain angle with the scanning direction.

[0081] The key parameters are output current 50A, current frequency 50Hz, current density amplitude 10A / mm 2 , duty cycle 20%;

[0082] The size of the angle is 10°.

[0083] (4) Turn on the inert gas to provide powder feeding power and gas protection for the laser additive manufacturing process, adjust the powder feeding gas pressure to 0.4 MPa, the gas flow rate to 5 L / min, the protective gas pressure to 0.15 MPa, and adjust the distance between the bottom of the laser processing head 2 and the substrate 6 to 7 mm; start the powder feeder and the laser 1 in turn, set the laser processing parameters, and perform laser additive manufacturing of the ZrO2-based ceramic tool 7 in the electric field.

[0084] The laser processing parameters are as follows: the laser power density is 2×10 2 W / cm 2 , powder feeding amount is 2.7g / min, and scanning speed is 1500mm / min.

[0085] (5) After the deposition is completed, turn off the laser 1, powder feeder, and inert gas in sequence, and delay turning off the power supply 4 of the electric field assist system.

[0086] The delay time is 4.5 min.

[0087] Embodiment 3:

[0088] A method for electric field assisted laser additive manufacturing of ZrO2-based ceramic cutting tools, the specific steps are as follows:

[0089] (1) The substrate 6 is sandblasted, and then the substrate and the electrode plate fixture 5 are cleaned and dried with acetone, alcohol, and deionized water in turn. The electrode plate 3 in the electric field assisted system is mounted on the laser processing platform, and the electrode plates 3 are kept parallel to each other and perpendicular to the laser processing platform. The electrode plates 3 are adjusted to separate the two sides of the laser processing head 2, and the distance between the electrode plates is adjusted to 80 mm and fixed with the electrode plate fixture 5;

[0090] The electrode plate is made of silver;

[0091] The cross-sectional area of ​​the electrode plate is 10 3 mm 2 ;

[0092] The electrode plate has a thickness of 2 mm;

[0093] (2) Select CaO-stabilized ZrO2 powder with a diameter of 20-60 μm and dry it in a drying oven at 120 °C for 6 h. Polarize the powder at an electric field strength of 100 V / cm for 7 min and then place it in the powder feeder of the laser additive manufacturing system.

[0094] (3) Turn on the power 4 of the electric field assisted system, set the key parameters of the electric field assisted system, and adjust the electric field direction to form a certain angle with the scanning direction.

[0095] The key parameter is the output current 10 2 A, current frequency 10 2 Hz, current density amplitude 50A / mm 2 , duty cycle 30%;

[0096] The size of the angle is 15°.

[0097] (4) Turn on the inert gas to provide powder feeding power and gas protection for the laser additive manufacturing process, adjust the powder feeding gas pressure to 0.4 MPa, the gas flow rate to 5 L / min, the protective gas pressure to 0.15 MPa, and adjust the distance between the bottom of the laser processing head 2 and the substrate 6 to 7 mm; start the powder feeder and the laser 1 in turn, set the laser processing parameters, and perform laser additive manufacturing of the ZrO2-based ceramic tool 7 in the electric field.

[0098] The laser processing parameters are as follows: the laser power density is 5×10 2 W / cm 2 , powder feeding amount is 3.5g / min, and scanning speed is 1000mm / min.

[0099] (5) After the deposition is completed, turn off the laser 1, powder feeder, and inert gas in sequence, and delay turning off the power supply 4 of the electric field assist system.

[0100] The delay time is 5 minutes.

[0101] Embodiment 4:

[0102] A method for electric field assisted laser additive manufacturing of ZrO2-based ceramic cutting tools, the specific steps are as follows:

[0103] (1) The substrate 6 is sandblasted, and then the substrate 6 and the electrode plate fixture 5 are cleaned and dried with acetone, alcohol, and deionized water in turn. The electrode plate 3 in the electric field assisted system is mounted on the laser processing platform, and the electrode plates 3 are kept parallel to each other and perpendicular to the laser processing platform. The electrode plates 3 are adjusted to separate the two sides of the laser processing head 2, and the distance between the electrode plates is adjusted to 100 mm and fixed with the electrode plate fixture 5;

[0104] The electrode plate is made of platinum;

[0105] The cross-sectional area of ​​the electrode plate is 2×10 3 mm 2 ;

[0106] The electrode plate has a thickness of 2.5 mm;

[0107] (2) Select CeO2-stabilized ZrO2 powder with a diameter of 20-60 μm and dry it in a drying oven at 120 °C for 6 h. Polarize the powder at an electric field strength of 150 V / cm for 10 min and then place it in the powder feeder of the laser additive manufacturing system.

[0108] (3) Turn on the power 4 of the electric field assisted system, set the key parameters of the electric field assisted system, and adjust the electric field direction to form a certain angle with the scanning direction.

[0109] The key parameter is the output current 2×10 2 A, current frequency 3×10 2 Hz, current density amplitude 10 2 A / mm 2 , duty cycle 35%;

[0110] The size of the angle is 20°.

[0111] (4) Turn on the inert gas to provide powder feeding power and gas protection for the laser additive manufacturing process, adjust the powder feeding gas pressure to 0.4 MPa, the gas flow rate to 5 L / min, the protective gas pressure to 0.15 MPa, and adjust the distance between the bottom of the laser processing head 2 and the substrate 6 to 7 mm; start the powder feeder and the laser 1 in turn, set the laser processing parameters, and perform laser additive manufacturing of the ZrO2-based ceramic tool 7 in the electric field.

[0112] The laser processing parameters are as follows: the laser power density is 8×10 2 W / cm 2 , the powder feeding amount is 5.1g / min, and the scanning speed is 500mm / min.

[0113] (5) After the deposition is completed, turn off the laser 1, powder feeder, and inert gas in sequence, and delay turning off the power supply 4 of the electric field assist system.

[0114] The delay time is 5.5 min.

[0115] Embodiment 5:

[0116] A method for electric field assisted laser additive manufacturing of ZrO2-based ceramic cutting tools, the specific steps are as follows:

[0117] (1) The substrate 6 is sandblasted, and then the substrate and the electrode plate fixture 5 are cleaned and dried with acetone, alcohol, and deionized water in turn. The electrode plate 3 in the electric field assisted system is mounted on the laser processing platform, and the electrode plates 3 are kept parallel to each other and perpendicular to the laser processing platform. The electrode plates 3 are adjusted to separate the two sides of the laser processing head 2, and the distance between the electrode plates is adjusted to 150 mm and fixed with the electrode plate fixture 5;

[0118] The electrode plate is made of stainless steel;

[0119] The cross-sectional area of ​​the electrode plate is 5×10 3 mm 2 ;

[0120] The thickness of the electrode plate is 3 mm;

[0121] (2) Select Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 powder and Al2O3 powder with diameters of 20-60 μm, where the Y2O3 powder has a stabilized ZrO2 content of 95.2 wt% and the Al2O3 powder has a content of 4.8 wt%. Dry the powders in a drying oven at 120 °C for 6 h. Polarize the powders at an electric field strength of 200 V / cm for 12 min and place them in the powder feeder of the laser additive manufacturing system.

[0122] (3) Turn on the power 4 of the electric field assisted system, set the key parameters of the electric field assisted system, and adjust the electric field direction to form a certain angle with the scanning direction.

[0123] The key parameter is the output current 3×10 2 A, current frequency 5×10 2 Hz, current density amplitude 1.5×10 2 A / mm 2 , duty cycle 40%;

[0124] The size of the angle is 25°.

[0125] (4) Turn on the inert gas to provide powder feeding power and gas protection for the laser additive manufacturing process, adjust the powder feeding gas pressure to 0.4 MPa, the gas flow rate to 10 L / min, the protective gas pressure to 0.15 MPa, and adjust the distance between the bottom of the laser processing head 2 and the substrate 6 to 7 mm; start the powder feeder and the laser 1 in turn, set the laser processing parameters, and perform laser additive manufacturing of the ZrO2-based ceramic tool 7 in the electric field.

[0126] The laser processing parameters are as follows: the laser power density is 10 3 W / cm 2 , powder feeding amount is 6.8g / min, and scanning speed is 500mm / min.

[0127] (5) After the deposition is completed, turn off the laser 1, powder feeder, and inert gas in sequence, and delay turning off the power supply 4 of the electric field assist system.

[0128] The delay time is 4 minutes.

[0129] Embodiment 6:

[0130] A method for electric field assisted laser additive manufacturing of ZrO2-based ceramic cutting tools, the specific steps are as follows:

[0131] (1) The substrate 6 is sandblasted, and then the substrate and the electrode plate fixture 5 are cleaned and dried with acetone, alcohol, and deionized water in turn. The electrode plate 3 in the electric field assisted system is mounted on the laser processing platform, and the electrode plates 3 are kept parallel to each other and perpendicular to the laser processing platform. The electrode plates 3 are adjusted to separate the two sides of the laser processing head 2, and the distance between the electrode plates is adjusted to 200 mm and fixed with the electrode plate fixture 5;

[0132] The electrode plate is made of copper;

[0133] The cross-sectional area of ​​the electrode plate is 7×10 3 mm 2 ;

[0134] The thickness of the electrode plate is 3.5 mm;

[0135] (2) Select Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 powder and Al2O3 powder with diameters of 20-60 μm, where the Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 powder content is 42.5 wt% and the Al2O3 powder content is 57.5 wt%. Dry them in a drying oven at 120 °C for 6 h. Polarize the powder at an electric field strength of 200 V / cm for 15 min and then place it in the powder feeder of the laser additive manufacturing system.

[0136] (3) Turn on the power 4 of the electric field assisted system, set the key parameters of the electric field assisted system, and adjust the electric field direction to form a certain angle with the scanning direction.

[0137] The key parameter is the output current 5×10 2 A, current frequency 7×10 2 Hz, current density amplitude 3×10 2 A / mm 2 , duty cycle 45%;

[0138] The size of the angle is 30°.

[0139] (4) Turn on the inert gas to provide powder feeding power and gas protection for the laser additive manufacturing process, adjust the powder feeding gas pressure to 0.4 MPa, the gas flow rate to 10 L / min, the protective gas pressure to 0.15 MPa, and adjust the distance between the bottom of the laser processing head 2 and the substrate 6 to 7 mm; start the powder feeder and the laser 1 in turn, set the laser processing parameters, and perform laser additive manufacturing of the ZrO2-based ceramic tool 7 in the electric field.

[0140] The laser processing parameters are as follows: the laser power density is 2×10 3 W / cm 2 , the powder feeding amount is 8.5g / min, and the scanning speed is 1000mm / min.

[0141] (5) After the deposition is completed, turn off the laser 1, powder feeder, and inert gas in sequence, and delay turning off the power supply 4 of the electric field assist system.

[0142] The delay time is 4.5 min.

[0143] Embodiment 7:

[0144] A method for electric field assisted laser additive manufacturing of ZrO2-based ceramic cutting tools, the specific steps are as follows:

[0145] (1) The substrate 6 is sandblasted, and then the substrate and the electrode plate fixture 5 are cleaned and dried with acetone, alcohol, and deionized water in turn. The electrode plate 3 in the electric field assisted system is mounted on the laser processing platform, and the electrode plates 3 are kept parallel to each other and perpendicular to the laser processing platform. The electrode plates 3 are adjusted to separate the two sides of the laser processing head 2, and the distance between the electrode plates is adjusted to 250 mm and fixed with the electrode plate fixture 5;

[0146] The electrode plate is made of silver;

[0147] The cross-sectional area of ​​the electrode plate is 10 4 mm 2 ;

[0148] The electrode plate has a thickness of 4.5 mm;

[0149] (2) MgO-stabilized ZrO2 powder and TiC powder with diameters of 20-60 μm were selected, where the content of MgO-stabilized ZrO2 powder was 65.4 wt% and the content of TiC powder was 34.6 wt%. The powders were dried in a drying oven at 120 °C for 6 h. The powders were polarized at an electric field strength of 250 V / cm for 13 min and then placed in the powder feeder of the laser additive manufacturing system.

[0150] (3) Turn on the power 4 of the electric field assisted system, set the key parameters of the electric field assisted system, and adjust the electric field direction to form a certain angle with the scanning direction.

[0151] The key parameter is the output current 9×10 2 A, current frequency 10 3 Hz, current density amplitude 8×10 2 A / mm 2 , duty cycle 55%;

[0152] The size of the angle is 40°.

[0153] (4) Turn on the inert gas to provide powder feeding power and gas protection for the laser additive manufacturing process, adjust the powder feeding gas pressure to 0.4 MPa, the gas flow rate to 15 L / min, the protective gas pressure to 0.15 MPa, and adjust the distance between the bottom of the laser processing head 2 and the substrate 6 to 7 mm; start the powder feeder and the laser 1 in turn, set the laser processing parameters, and perform laser additive manufacturing of the ZrO2-based ceramic tool 7 in the electric field.

[0154] The laser processing parameters are as follows: the laser power density is 2.5×10 3 W / cm 2 , the powder feeding amount is 12.1g / min, and the scanning speed is 800mm / min.

[0155] (5) After the deposition is completed, turn off the laser 1, powder feeder, and inert gas in sequence, and delay turning off the power supply 4 of the electric field assist system.

[0156] The delay time is 5.5 min.

[0157] Embodiment 8:

[0158] A method for electric field assisted laser additive manufacturing of ZrO2-based ceramic cutting tools, the specific steps are as follows:

[0159] (1) The substrate 6 is sandblasted, and then the substrate and the electrode plate fixture 5 are cleaned and dried with acetone, alcohol, and deionized water in sequence. The electrode plate 3 in the electric field assisted system is mounted on the laser processing platform, and the electrode plates 3 are kept parallel to each other and perpendicular to the laser processing platform. The electrode plates 3 are adjusted to separate the two sides of the laser processing head 2, and the distance between the electrode plates is adjusted to 270 mm and fixed with the electrode plate fixture 5;

[0160] The electrode plate is made of platinum;

[0161] The cross-sectional area of ​​the electrode plate is 2×10 4 mm 2 ;

[0162] The electrode plate has a thickness of 5 mm;

[0163] (2) Select CaO-stabilized ZrO2 powder and SiC powder with diameters of 20-60 μm, where the CaO-stabilized ZrO2 powder content is 51.7 wt% and the SiC powder content is 48.3 wt%. Dry them in a drying oven at 120 °C for 6 h. Polarize the powder at an electric field strength of 300 V / cm for 17 min and then place it in the powder feeder of the laser additive manufacturing system.

[0164] (3) Turn on the power 4 of the electric field assisted system, set the key parameters of the electric field assisted system, and adjust the electric field direction to form a certain angle with the scanning direction.

[0165] The key parameter is the output current 10 3 A, current frequency 2×10 3 Hz, current density amplitude 10 3 A / mm 2 , duty cycle 60%;

[0166] The size of the angle is 45°.

[0167] (4) Turn on the inert gas to provide powder feeding power and gas protection for the laser additive manufacturing process, adjust the powder feeding gas pressure to 0.4 MPa, the gas flow rate to 15 L / min, the protective gas pressure to 0.15 MPa, and adjust the distance between the bottom of the laser processing head 2 and the substrate 6 to 7 mm; start the powder feeder and the laser 1 in turn, set the laser processing parameters, and perform laser additive manufacturing of the ZrO2-based ceramic tool 7 in the electric field.

[0168] The laser processing parameters are as follows: the laser power density is 3×10 3 W / cm 2 , powder feeding amount is 12.5g / min, and scanning speed is 1600mm / min.

[0169] (5) After the deposition is completed, turn off the laser 1, powder feeder, and inert gas in sequence, and delay turning off the power supply 4 of the electric field assist system.

[0170] The delay time is 6 minutes.

[0171] Embodiment 9:

[0172] A method for electric field assisted laser additive manufacturing of ZrO2-based ceramic cutting tools, the specific steps are as follows:

[0173] (1) The substrate 6 is sandblasted, and then the substrate 6 and the electrode plate fixture 5 are cleaned and dried with acetone, alcohol, and deionized water in turn. The electrode plate 3 in the electric field assisted system is mounted on the laser processing platform, and the electrode plates 3 are kept parallel to each other and perpendicular to the laser processing platform. The electrode plates 3 are adjusted to separate the two sides of the laser processing head 2, and the distance between the electrode plates is adjusted to 300 mm and fixed with the electrode plate fixture 5;

[0174] The electrode plate is made of copper;

[0175] The cross-sectional area of ​​the electrode plate is 5×10 4 mm 2 ;

[0176] The electrode plate has a thickness of 5.5 mm;

[0177] (2) Select CeO2-stabilized ZrO2 powder and Si3N4 powder with diameters of 20-60 μm, where the CeO2-stabilized ZrO2 powder content is 76.8 wt% and the Si3N4 powder content is 23.2 wt%. Dry them in a drying oven at 120 °C for 6 h. Polarize the powder at an electric field strength of 350 V / cm for 11 min and then place it in the powder feeder of the laser additive manufacturing system.

[0178] (3) Turn on the power 4 of the electric field assisted system, set the key parameters of the electric field assisted system, and adjust the electric field direction to form a certain angle with the scanning direction.

[0179] The key parameter is the output current 2×10 3 A, current frequency 7×10 3 Hz, current density amplitude 2×10 3 A / mm 2 , duty cycle 65%;

[0180] The size of the angle is 50°.

[0181] (4) Turn on the inert gas to provide powder feeding power and gas protection for the laser additive manufacturing process, adjust the powder feeding gas pressure to 0.4 MPa, the gas flow rate to 15 L / min, the protective gas pressure to 0.15 MPa, and adjust the distance between the bottom of the laser processing head 2 and the substrate 6 to 7 mm; start the powder feeder and the laser 1 in turn, set the laser processing parameters, and perform laser additive manufacturing of the ZrO2-based ceramic tool 7 in the electric field.

[0182] The laser processing parameters are as follows: the laser power density is 4×10 3 W / cm 2 , the powder feeding amount is 13.3g / min, and the scanning speed is 200mm / min.

[0183] (5) After the deposition is completed, turn off the laser 1, powder feeder, and inert gas in sequence, and delay turning off the power supply 4 of the electric field assist system.

[0184] The delay time is 6.5 min.

[0185] Embodiment 10:

[0186] A method for electric field assisted laser additive manufacturing of ZrO2-based ceramic cutting tools, the specific steps are as follows:

[0187] (1) The substrate 6 is sandblasted, and then the substrate and the electrode plate fixture 5 are cleaned and dried with acetone, alcohol, and deionized water in turn. The electrode plate 3 in the electric field assisted system is mounted on the laser processing platform, and the electrode plates 3 are kept parallel to each other and perpendicular to the laser processing platform. The electrode plates 3 are adjusted to separate the two sides of the laser processing head 2, and the distance between the electrode plates is adjusted to 350 mm and fixed with the electrode plate fixture 5;

[0188] The electrode plate is made of platinum;

[0189] The cross-sectional area of ​​the electrode plate is 7×10 4 mm 2 ;

[0190] The electrode plate has a thickness of 6 mm;

[0191] (2) Select Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 powder and CoCrMo alloy powder with diameters of 20-60 μm, where the Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 powder content is 93.8 wt% and the CoCrMo alloy powder content is 6.2 wt%. Dry them in a drying oven at 120 °C for 6 h. Polarize the powder at an electric field strength of 350 V / cm for 30 min and then place it in the powder feeder of the laser additive manufacturing system.

[0192] (3) Turn on the power 4 of the electric field assisted system, set the key parameters of the electric field assisted system, and adjust the electric field direction to form a certain angle with the scanning direction.

[0193] The key parameter is the output current 3×10 3 A, current frequency 3×10 4 Hz, current density amplitude 5×10 3 A / mm 2 , duty cycle 70%;

[0194] The size of the angle is 60°.

[0195] (4) Turn on the inert gas to provide powder feeding power and gas protection for the laser additive manufacturing process, adjust the powder feeding gas pressure to 0.4 MPa, the gas flow rate to 20 L / min, the protective gas pressure to 0.15 MPa, and adjust the distance between the bottom of the laser processing head 2 and the substrate 6 to 7 mm; start the powder feeder and the laser 1 in turn, set the laser processing parameters, and perform laser additive manufacturing of the ZrO2-based ceramic tool 7 in the electric field.

[0196] The laser processing parameters are as follows: the laser power density is 5×10 3 W / cm 2 , the powder feeding amount is 14.7g / min, and the scanning speed is 250mm / min.

[0197] (5) After the deposition is completed, turn off the laser 1, powder feeder, and inert gas in sequence, and delay turning off the power supply 4 of the electric field assist system.

[0198] The delay time is 7 minutes.

[0199] Embodiment 11:

[0200] A method for electric field assisted laser additive manufacturing of ZrO2-based ceramic cutting tools, the specific steps are as follows:

[0201] (1) The substrate 6 is sandblasted, and then the substrate 6 and the electrode plate fixture 5 are cleaned and dried with acetone, alcohol, and deionized water in turn. The electrode plate 3 in the electric field assisted system is mounted on the laser processing platform, and the electrode plates 3 are kept parallel to each other and perpendicular to the laser processing platform. The electrode plates 3 are adjusted to separate the two sides of the laser processing head 2, and the distance between the electrode plates is adjusted to 400 mm and fixed with the electrode plate fixture 5;

[0202] The electrode plate is made of silver;

[0203] The cross-sectional area of ​​the electrode plate is 10 5 mm 2 ;

[0204] The electrode plate has a thickness of 7 mm;

[0205] (2) MgO-stabilized ZrO2 powder and CoCrW alloy powder with diameters of 20-60 μm were selected, where the content of MgO-stabilized ZrO2 powder was 94.5 wt% and the content of CoCrW alloy powder was 4.5 wt%. The powders were dried in a drying oven at 120 °C for 6 h. The powders were polarized at an electric field strength of 400 V / cm for 20 min and then placed in the powder feeder of the laser additive manufacturing system.

[0206] (3) Turn on the power 4 of the electric field assisted system, set the key parameters of the electric field assisted system, and adjust the electric field direction to form a certain angle with the scanning direction.

[0207] The key parameter is the output current 4×10 3 A, current frequency 7×10 4 Hz, current density amplitude 6×10 3 A / mm 2 , duty cycle 75%;

[0208] The size of the angle is 70°.

[0209] (4) Turn on the inert gas to provide powder feeding power and gas protection for the laser additive manufacturing process, adjust the powder feeding gas pressure to 0.4 MPa, the gas flow rate to 20 L / min, the protective gas pressure to 0.15 MPa, and adjust the distance between the bottom of the laser processing head 2 and the substrate 6 to 7 mm; start the powder feeder and the laser 1 in turn, set the laser processing parameters, and perform laser additive manufacturing of the ZrO2-based ceramic tool 7 in the electric field.

[0210] The laser processing parameters are as follows: the laser power density is 6×10 3 W / cm 2 , the powder feeding amount is 15.1g / min, and the scanning speed is 450mm / min.

[0211] (5) After the deposition is completed, turn off the laser 1, powder feeder, and inert gas in sequence, and delay turning off the power supply 4 of the electric field assist system.

[0212] The delay time is 8 minutes.

[0213] Embodiment 12:

[0214] A method for electric field assisted laser additive manufacturing of ZrO2-based ceramic cutting tools, the specific steps are as follows:

[0215] (1) The substrate 6 is sandblasted, and then the substrate and the electrode plate fixture 5 are cleaned and dried with acetone, alcohol, and deionized water in turn. The electrode plate 3 in the electric field assisted system is mounted on the laser processing platform, and the electrode plates 3 are kept parallel to each other and perpendicular to the laser processing platform. The electrode plates 3 are adjusted to separate the two sides of the laser processing head 2, and the distance between the electrode plates is adjusted to 225 mm and fixed with the electrode plate fixture 5;

[0216] The electrode plate is made of stainless steel;

[0217] The cross-sectional area of ​​the electrode plate is 9×10 3 mm 2 ;

[0218] The electrode plate has a thickness of 4 mm;

[0219] (2) Select CaO-stabilized ZrO2 powder and Ni-Cr alloy powder with diameters of 20-60 μm, where the content of MgO-stabilized ZrO2 powder is 96.7 wt% and the content of Ni-Cr alloy powder is 3.3 wt%. Dry them in a drying oven at 120 °C for 6 h. Polarize the powder at an electric field strength of 250 V / cm for 20 min and then place it in the powder feeder of the laser additive manufacturing system.

[0220] (3) Turn on the power 4 of the electric field assisted system, set the key parameters of the electric field assisted system, and adjust the electric field direction to form a certain angle with the scanning direction.

[0221] The key parameter is the output current 7×10 2 A, current frequency 9×10 2 Hz, current density amplitude 5×10 2 A / mm 2 , duty cycle 50%;

[0222] The size of the angle is 35°.

[0223] (4) Turn on the inert gas to provide powder feeding power and gas protection for the laser additive manufacturing process, adjust the powder feeding gas pressure to 0.4 MPa, the gas flow rate to 15 L / min, the protective gas pressure to 0.15 MPa, and adjust the distance between the bottom of the laser processing head 2 and the substrate 6 to 7 mm; start the powder feeder and the laser 1 in turn, set the laser processing parameters, and perform laser additive manufacturing of the ZrO2-based ceramic tool 7 in the electric field.

[0224] The laser processing parameters are as follows: the laser power density is 1.5×10 3 W / cm 2 , the powder feeding amount is 10.2g / min, and the scanning speed is 1800mm / min.

[0225] (5) After the deposition is completed, turn off the laser 1, powder feeder, and inert gas in sequence, and delay turning off the power supply 4 of the electric field assist system.

[0226] The delay time is 5 minutes.

[0227] Embodiment 13:

[0228] A method for electric field assisted laser additive manufacturing of ZrO2-based ceramic cutting tools, the specific steps are as follows:

[0229] (1) The substrate 6 is sandblasted, and then the substrate and the electrode plate fixture 5 are cleaned and dried with acetone, alcohol, and deionized water in turn. The electrode plate 3 in the electric field assisted system is mounted on the laser processing platform, and the electrode plates 3 are kept parallel to each other and perpendicular to the laser processing platform. The electrode plates 3 are adjusted to separate the two sides of the laser processing head 2, and the distance between the electrode plates is adjusted to 450 mm and fixed with the electrode plate fixture 5;

[0230] The electrode plate is made of stainless steel;

[0231] The cross-sectional area of ​​the electrode plate is 5×10 5 mm 2 ;

[0232] The electrode plate has a thickness of 8 mm;

[0233] (2) Select CeO2-stabilized ZrO2 powder, Al2O3 powder and Ni-Cr alloy powder with diameters of 20-60 μm, where the content of CeO2-stabilized ZrO2 powder is 80.5 wt%, the content of Al2O3 powder is 14 wt%, and the content of Ni-Cr alloy powder is 5.5 wt%. Dry them in a drying oven at 120 °C for 6 h. Polarize the powder at an electric field strength of 350 V / cm for 25 min and then place it in the powder feeder of the laser additive manufacturing system.

[0234] (3) Turn on the power 4 of the electric field assisted system, set the key parameters of the electric field assisted system, and adjust the electric field direction to form a certain angle with the scanning direction.

[0235] The key parameter is the output current 6×10 3 A, current frequency 5×10 5 Hz, current density amplitude 9×10 3 A / mm 2 , duty cycle 80%;

[0236] The size of the angle is 75°.

[0237] (4) Turn on the inert gas to provide powder feeding power and gas protection for the laser additive manufacturing process, adjust the powder feeding gas pressure to 0.4 MPa, the gas flow rate to 20 L / min, the protective gas pressure to 0.15 MPa, and adjust the distance between the bottom of the laser processing head 2 and the substrate 6 to 7 mm; start the powder feeder and the laser 1 in turn, set the laser processing parameters, and perform laser additive manufacturing of the ZrO2-based ceramic tool 7 in the electric field.

[0238] The laser processing parameters are as follows: the laser power density is 8×10 3 W / cm 2 , powder feeding amount is 17.5g / min, and scanning speed is 1500mm / min.

[0239] (5) After the deposition is completed, turn off the laser 1, powder feeder, and inert gas in sequence, and delay turning off the power supply 4 of the electric field assist system.

[0240] The delay time is 9 minutes.

[0241] Embodiment 14:

[0242] A method for electric field assisted laser additive manufacturing of ZrO2-based ceramic cutting tools, the specific steps are as follows:

[0243] (1) The substrate 6 is sandblasted, and then the substrate 6 and the electrode plate fixture 5 are cleaned and dried with acetone, alcohol, and deionized water in turn. The electrode plate 3 in the electric field assisted system is mounted on the laser processing platform, and the electrode plates 3 are kept parallel to each other and perpendicular to the laser processing platform. The electrode plates 3 are adjusted to separate the two sides of the laser processing head 2, and the distance between the electrode plates is adjusted to 500 mm and fixed with the electrode plate fixture 5;

[0244] The electrode plate is made of copper;

[0245] The cross-sectional area of ​​the electrode plate is 10 6 mm 2 ;

[0246] The electrode plate has a thickness of 10 mm;

[0247] (2) Select Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 powder, Al2O3 powder, Si3N4 powder and CoCrW alloy powder with diameters of 20~60μm, where the content of Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 powder is 71.9wt%, the content of Al2O3 powder is 10wt%, the content of Si3N4 powder is 13.6wt%, and the content of CoCrW alloy powder is 4.5wt%. Dry them in a drying oven at 120℃ for 6h; polarize the powder at an electric field strength of 500V / cm for 30min and then place it in the powder feeder of the laser additive manufacturing system.

[0248] (3) Turn on the power 4 of the electric field assisted system, set the key parameters of the electric field assisted system, and adjust the electric field direction to form a certain angle with the scanning direction.

[0249] The key parameter is the output current 10 4 A, current frequency 10 6 Hz, current density amplitude 10 4 A / mm 2 , duty cycle 90%;

[0250] The size of the angle is 80°.

[0251] (4) Turn on the inert gas to provide powder feeding power and gas protection for the laser additive manufacturing process, adjust the powder feeding gas pressure to 0.4 MPa, the gas flow rate to 20 L / min, the protective gas pressure to 0.15 MPa, and adjust the distance between the bottom of the laser processing head 2 and the substrate 6 to 7 mm; start the powder feeder and the laser 1 in turn, set the laser processing parameters, and perform laser additive manufacturing of the ZrO2-based ceramic tool 7 in the electric field.

[0252] The laser processing parameters are as follows: the laser power density is 104 W / cm 2 , the powder feeding amount is 18.3g / min, and the scanning speed is 1200mm / min.

[0253] (5) After the deposition is completed, turn off the laser 1, powder feeder, and inert gas in sequence, and delay turning off the power supply 4 of the electric field assist system.

[0254] The delay time is 10 minutes.

[0255] Comparative Example 1:

[0256] Laser additive manufacturing technology was used to carry out the forming test of ZrO2-based ceramic tools under the assistance of electric field. The steps are as follows:

[0257] (1) The substrate 6 is sandblasted, and then the titanium alloy electrode plate fixture 5 is cleaned and dried with acetone, alcohol, and deionized water in sequence. The cross-sectional area of ​​the electrode plate is 10 mm 2 , with a thickness of 0.5 mm, the electrode plates 3 in the electric field assisted system are mounted on the laser processing platform, the electrode plates 3 are kept parallel to each other and perpendicular to the laser processing platform, the electrode plates 3 are adjusted to be separated on both sides of the laser processing head 2, the electrode plate spacing is adjusted to 10 mm and fixed with the electrode plate fixture 5;

[0258] (2) Select Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 powder with a diameter of 20-60 μm and dry it in a drying oven at 120 °C for 6 h. Polarize the powder at an electric field strength of 15 V / cm for 2 min and then place it in the powder feeder of the laser additive manufacturing system.

[0259] (3) Turn on the power supply 4 of the electric field assisted system and set the key parameters of the electric field assisted system, output current 5A, current frequency 7Hz, current density amplitude 0.1A / mm 2 , duty cycle 5%, adjust the electric field direction to form an angle of 80° with the scanning direction.

[0260] (4) Turn on the inert gas to provide powder feeding power and gas protection for the laser additive manufacturing process. Adjust the powder feeding gas pressure to 0.4 MPa, the gas flow rate to 4 L / min, the protective gas pressure to 0.15 MPa, and adjust the distance between the bottom of the laser processing head 2 and the substrate 6 to 7 mm; start the powder feeder and laser 1 successively, set the laser processing parameters, and the laser power density to 50 W / cm 2 , the powder feeding amount is 0.9 g / min, the scanning speed is 150 mm / min, and the laser additive manufacturing of the ZrO2-based ceramic tool 7 is carried out in the electric field.

[0261] (5) After the deposition is completed, turn off the laser 1, powder feeder, and inert gas in sequence, and delay turning off the power supply 4 of the electric field assist system for 3 minutes.

[0262] It was found that the ZrO2-based ceramic tool failed in forming.

[0263] Comparative Example 2:

[0264] Laser additive manufacturing technology was used to carry out the forming test of ZrO2-based ceramic tools under the assistance of electric field. The steps are as follows:

[0265] (1) The substrate 6 is sandblasted, and then the titanium alloy electrode plate fixture 5 is cleaned and dried with acetone, alcohol, and deionized water in sequence. The cross-sectional area of ​​the electrode plate is 60 mm 2 , with a thickness of 22 mm, the electrode plates 3 in the electric field assisted system are mounted on the laser processing platform, the electrode plates 3 are kept parallel to each other and perpendicular to the laser processing platform, the electrode plates 3 are adjusted to be separated on both sides of the laser processing head 2, the electrode plate spacing is adjusted to 700 mm and fixed with the electrode plate fixture 5;

[0266] (2) TiO2-stabilized ZrO2 powder and ZrB2 powder with a diameter of 20-60 μm were selected, where the ZrB2 powder content was 81.6 wt% and dried in a drying oven at 120 °C for 6 h. The powder was polarized at an electric field strength of 10 V / cm for 40 min and then placed in the powder feeder of the laser additive manufacturing system.

[0267] (3) Turn on the power supply 4 of the electric field assisted system, set the key parameters of the electric field assisted system, and output current 2×10 4 A, current frequency 5×10 4 Hz, current density amplitude 3×10 4 A / mm 2 , duty cycle 6%, adjust the electric field direction to form an angle of 85° with the scanning direction.

[0268] (4) Turn on the inert gas to provide powder feeding power and gas protection for the laser additive manufacturing process. Adjust the powder feeding gas pressure to 0.4 MPa, the gas flow rate to 35 L / min, the protective gas pressure to 0.15 MPa, and adjust the distance between the bottom of the laser processing head 2 and the substrate 6 to 7 mm; start the powder feeder and laser 1 successively, set the laser processing parameters, and the laser power density to 60 W / cm 2 , the powder feeding amount is 23.5 g / min, the scanning speed is 100 mm / min, and the laser additive manufacturing of the ZrO2-based ceramic tool 7 is carried out in the electric field.

[0269] (5) After the deposition is completed, turn off the laser 1, powder feeder, and inert gas in sequence, and delay turning off the power 4 of the electric field assist system 2.5 minutes later.

[0270] It was found that the ZrO2-based ceramic tool failed in forming.

[0271] Comparative Example 3:

[0272] Laser additive manufacturing technology was used to carry out the forming test of ZrO2-based ceramic tools under the assistance of electric field. The steps are as follows:

[0273] (1) The substrate 6 is sandblasted, and then the Inconel 625 alloy electrode plate fixture 5 is cleaned and dried with acetone, alcohol, and deionized water in sequence. The cross-sectional area of ​​the electrode plate is 2×10 6 mm 2 , with a thickness of 15 mm, the electrode plates 3 in the electric field assisted system are mounted on the laser processing platform, the electrode plates 3 are kept parallel to each other and perpendicular to the laser processing platform, the electrode plates 3 are adjusted to be separated on both sides of the laser processing head 2, the electrode plate spacing is adjusted to 15 mm and fixed with the electrode plate fixture 5;

[0274] (2) CaO-stabilized ZrO2 powder and Inconel 625 alloy powder with a diameter of 20-60 μm were selected, where the Inconel 625 alloy powder content was 13.7 wt% and dried in a drying oven at 120 °C for 6 h. The powder was polarized at an electric field strength of 15 V / cm for 35 min and then placed in the powder feeder of the laser additive manufacturing system.

[0275] (3) Turn on the power supply 4 of the electric field assisted system and set the key parameters of the electric field assisted system, output current 6A, current frequency 8Hz, current density amplitude 0.1A / mm 2 , duty cycle 95%, adjust the electric field direction to form an angle of 85° with the scanning direction.

[0276] (4) Turn on the inert gas to provide powder feeding power and gas protection for the laser additive manufacturing process. Adjust the powder feeding gas pressure to 0.4 MPa, the gas flow rate to 25 L / min, the protective gas pressure to 0.15 MPa, and adjust the distance between the bottom of the laser processing head 2 and the substrate 6 to 7 mm; start the powder feeder and laser 1 successively, set the laser processing parameters, and the laser power density to 6×10 4 W / cm 2 , the powder feeding amount is 22.6 g / min, the scanning speed is 2200 mm / min, and the laser additive manufacturing of the ZrO2-based ceramic tool 7 is carried out in the electric field.

[0277] (5) After the deposition is completed, turn off the laser 1, powder feeder, and inert gas in sequence, and delay turning off the power supply 4 of the electric field assist system 15 minutes later.

[0278] It was found that the ZrO2-based ceramic tool failed in forming.

[0279] Comparative Example 4:

[0280] Laser additive manufacturing technology was used to carry out the forming test of ZrO2-based ceramic tools under the assistance of electric field. The steps are as follows:

[0281] (1) The substrate 6 is sandblasted, and then the aluminum alloy electrode plate fixture 5 is cleaned and dried with acetone, alcohol, and deionized water in sequence. The cross-sectional area of ​​the electrode plate is 60 mm 2 , with a thickness of 30 mm, the electrode plates 3 in the electric field assisted system are mounted on the laser processing platform, the electrode plates 3 are kept parallel to each other and perpendicular to the laser processing platform, the electrode plates 3 are adjusted to be separated on both sides of the laser processing head 2, the electrode plate spacing is adjusted to 600 mm and fixed with the electrode plate fixture 5;

[0282] (2) CeO2-stabilized ZrO2 powder and copper alloy powder with diameters of 20-60 μm were selected, where the TiO2-stabilized ZrO2 powder content was 96.5 wt% and the copper alloy powder content was 3.5 wt%. The powders were dried in a drying oven at 120 °C for 6 h. The powders were polarized at an electric field strength of 15 V / cm for 50 min and then placed in the powder feeder of the laser additive manufacturing system.

[0283] (3) Turn on the power supply 4 of the electric field assisted system, set the key parameters of the electric field assisted system, and output current 8×10 4 A, current frequency 5×10 4 Hz, current density amplitude 5×10 6 A / mm 2 , duty cycle 100%, adjust the electric field direction to form a 90° angle with the scanning direction.

[0284] (4) Turn on the inert gas to provide powder feeding power and gas protection for the laser additive manufacturing process. Adjust the powder feeding gas pressure to 0.4 MPa, the gas flow rate to 30 L / min, the protective gas pressure to 0.15 MPa, and adjust the distance between the bottom of the laser processing head 2 and the substrate 6 to 7 mm; start the powder feeder and laser 1 successively, set the laser processing parameters, and the laser power density to 70 W / cm 2 , the powder feeding amount is 20.5 g / min, the scanning speed is 2500 mm / min, and the laser additive manufacturing of the ZrO2-based ceramic tool 7 is carried out in the electric field.

[0285] (5) After the deposition is completed, turn off the laser 1, powder feeder, and inert gas in sequence, and delay turning off the power supply 4 of the electric field assist system 15 minutes later.

[0286] It was found that the ZrO2-based ceramic tool failed in forming.

[0287] Comparative Example 5:

[0288] Laser additive manufacturing technology was used to carry out the forming test of ZrO2-based ceramic tools under the assistance of electric field. The steps are as follows:

[0289] (1) The substrate 6 is sandblasted, and then the aluminum alloy electrode plate fixture 5 is cleaned and dried with acetone, alcohol, and deionized water in sequence. The cross-sectional area of ​​the electrode plate is 50 mm 2 , with a thickness of 20 mm, the electrode plates 3 in the electric field assisted system are mounted on the laser processing platform, the electrode plates 3 are kept parallel to each other and perpendicular to the laser processing platform, the electrode plates 3 are adjusted to be separated on both sides of the laser processing head 2, the electrode plate spacing is adjusted to 800 mm and fixed with the electrode plate fixture 5;

[0290] (2) MgO-stabilized ZrO2 powder, B4C powder, and aluminum alloy powder with diameters of 20-60 μm were selected, where the B4C powder content was 1.2 wt% and the aluminum alloy powder content was 8.5 wt%, and the powders were dried in a drying oven at 120 °C for 6 h. The powders were polarized at an electric field strength of 15 V / cm for 50 min and then placed in the powder feeder of the laser additive manufacturing system.

[0291] (3) Turn on the power supply 4 of the electric field assisted system, set the key parameters of the electric field assisted system, and output current 5×10 4 A, current frequency 2×10 4 Hz, current density amplitude 10 4 A / mm 2 , duty cycle 100%, adjust the electric field direction to form a 90° angle with the scanning direction.

[0292] (4) Turn on the inert gas to provide powder feeding power and gas protection for the laser additive manufacturing process. Adjust the powder feeding gas pressure to 0.4 MPa, the gas flow rate to 30 L / min, the protective gas pressure to 0.15 MPa, and adjust the distance between the bottom of the laser processing head 2 and the substrate 6 to 7 mm; start the powder feeder and laser 1 successively, set the laser processing parameters, and the laser power density to 50 W / cm 2 , the powder feeding amount is 20.5 g / min, the scanning speed is 150 mm / min, and the laser additive manufacturing of the ZrO2-based ceramic tool 7 is carried out in the electric field.

[0293] (5) After the deposition is completed, turn off the laser 1, powder feeder, and inert gas in order, and delay turning off the power supply 4 of the electric field assist system 20 minutes later.

[0294] It was found that the ZrO2-based ceramic tool failed in forming.

[0295] Test example:

[0296] The performance parameters (density, hardness and fracture toughness) of the ZrO2-based ceramic cutting tools prepared in Examples 1-14 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0297] Table 1 Comparison of performance parameters of ZrO2-based ceramic tools manufactured by laser additive manufacturing of Examples 1-14 and Comparative Examples 1-5

[0298] Trial plan Density (%) Hardness (HV) <![CDATA[Fracture toughness (MPa·m 1 / 2 ).]]> Example 1 98.5 1350 5.5 Example 2 97.2 1310 5.3 Example 3 96.5 1250 5.1 Example 4 95.5 1250 4.80 Example 5 97.5 1850 6.3 Example 6 99.9 1910 7.8 Example 7 97.9 1050 4.7 Example 8 98.6 2590 8.2 Example 9 98.7 1714 6.2 Example 10 96.5 1295 6.7 Embodiment 11 96.7 1100 4.3 Example 12 96.5 1050 4.5 Example 13 97.5 1550 5.9 Embodiment 14 98.5 1830 6.5 Comparative Example 1 Forming failure 1100 3.5 Comparative Example 2 Forming failure - - Comparative Example 3 Forming failure 950 3.1 Comparative Example 4 Forming failure 820 3.3 Comparative Example 5 Forming failure 1050 2.8

[0299] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in the form of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with this technology can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the definition of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing ZrO2-based ceramic cutting tools by electric field assisted laser additive manufacturing using an electric field assisted laser additive manufacturing device, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) subjecting the dried ZrO2-based powder material to polarization treatment under the action of an electric field; (2) placing the polarized ZrO2-based powder material obtained in step (1) in the electric field-assisted laser additive manufacturing device, and performing laser additive manufacturing under the action of the electric field; the parameters of the electric field in step (2) are set to: output current 10 to 10 4 A, current frequency 10×10 6 Hz, current density amplitude 0.15~10 4 A / mm 2 , duty cycle 10~100%; The electric field direction forms an angle of 0 to 90° with the laser scanning direction in laser additive manufacturing; The electric field assisted laser additive manufacturing device comprises: Laser generating device, electric field assist system and substrate (6); The laser generating device comprises a laser (1) and a laser processing head (2) connected to the laser (1); The electric field auxiliary system comprises: an electrode plate (3), a power source (4) and an electrode plate fixture (5), wherein the power source (4) provides electric energy to the electrode plate (3), and the electrode plate (3) is fixed on the laser processing platform via the electrode plate fixture (5); The cross-sectional area of ​​the electrode plate (3) is 10 2 ~10 6 mm 2 , thickness is 1 to 10 mm.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The ZrO2-based powder material includes at least one of ZrO2 or oxide-stabilized ZrO2; the oxide-stabilized ZrO2 includes at least one of Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2, MgO-stabilized ZrO2, CaO-stabilized ZrO2, and CeO2-stabilized ZrO2; The ZrO2-based powder material also includes at least one of ceramic or metal; The ceramic includes at least one of Al2O3, TiC, and Si3N4; The metal includes at least one of Co, Cr, W and Mo.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that In terms of weight ratio, the ceramic content is 0-78.3wt%, the metal content is 0-6.2wt%, and the balance is ZrO2 or oxide-stabilized ZrO2.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The laser additive manufacturing specifically includes: using a powder feeder to transport the polarized ZrO2-based powder material with an inert gas in an electric field for laser additive manufacturing, wherein the powder feeding amount is 1.2 to 18.3 g / min, and the laser power density is 10 2 ~10 4 W / cm 2 , the scanning speed is 200~2000mm / min.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The material of the electrode plate (3) includes at least one of stainless steel, copper or its alloy, silver or its alloy, platinum or its alloy.

6. A ZrO2-based ceramic tool prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. Application of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in electric field assisted laser additive manufacturing of ZrO2-based ceramic cutting tools.

Images