Anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge enhanced granulation and retention device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge enhanced granulation and retention device and method, belonging to the field of biological denitrification devices. The main reactor is composed of a sludge collection area, an internal circulation reaction area, a separation sedimentation area and a gas collection area, which are interconnected from bottom to top. The internal circulation reaction area is filled with anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge, and a screen is arranged between the sludge collection area and the internal circulation reaction area. A central partition is arranged in the internal circulation reaction area along the axial direction of the main reactor to divide the internal circulation reaction area into an upper circulation reaction chamber and a lower circulation reaction chamber. A sludge return inclined plate structure is arranged between the internal circulation reaction area and the separation sedimentation area, and the sludge return inclined plate structure is inclined from the upper circulation reaction chamber to the lower circulation reaction chamber. The sludge collecting port of the sludge collecting area returns the separated sludge with smaller particle size to the internal circulation reaction area through a pipeline, and the gas collecting port of the gas collecting area returns the produced gas to the internal circulation reaction area through a pipeline. The device is provided with functional partitions and inclined plate structures to strengthen sludge return and collection and improve sludge retention performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of biological denitrification devices, and specifically relates to an anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge enhanced granulation and retention device and method. Background Art

[0002] Anaerobic ammonium oxidation technology is the core technology for upgrading the biological denitrification process of wastewater. It has the advantages of low energy consumption, no need to add carbon source, and less residual sludge, and has broad application prospects. Anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria can simultaneously convert ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen into nitrogen gas, and are the core functional microorganisms of this process. However, the doubling time of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria is as long as 7 to 30 days, the growth rate is extremely low, and the sludge is easily lost, resulting in insufficient reaction sludge, which seriously limits the engineering promotion of anaerobic ammonium oxidation.

[0003] On the one hand, in traditional biological denitrification reaction devices, the nitrogen produced by the anaerobic ammonium oxidation reaction is easy to carry anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria during the discharge process, resulting in biomass loss, reducing sludge retention and increasing the difficulty of enriching and culturing anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria; on the other hand, anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria can independently select and combine with specific functional bacterial communities to form granular sludge, which has significant advantages over flocculent sludge, such as strong retention capacity, good sedimentation performance, high biodensity and resistance to adverse environmental conditions. It is the preferred sludge form for the application of anaerobic ammonium oxidation technology. Therefore, it is of practical significance to improve and innovate the existing anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge culture devices and methods, and explore a culture device and method that is conducive to the enrichment of anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge into granules and enhanced retention. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide an anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge enhanced granulation and retention device and method.

[0005] The specific technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge enhanced granulation and retention device, the device comprising a main reactor, wherein the main reactor comprises, from bottom to top, a sludge collection area, an internal circulation reaction area, a separation sedimentation area and a gas collection area which are interconnected;

[0007] A mud collecting port is provided at the bottom of the mud collecting area of ​​the main reactor; a mud collecting inclined plate structure inclined toward the central axis of the main reactor is provided above the mud collecting port;

[0008] The inner circulation reaction zone is filled with anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge, and a screen for intercepting larger sludge particles in the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge is arranged between the sludge collecting zone and the inner circulation reaction zone; a central partition is arranged in the inner circulation reaction zone along the axial direction of the main reactor; the central partition divides the inner circulation reaction zone into an upper circulation reaction chamber and a lower circulation reaction chamber of equal volume; a mud inlet pipe, a water inlet pipe, an air inlet pipe and a second mud discharge port are arranged on the side wall of the inner circulation reaction zone of the main reactor from top to bottom; the outlet of the mud collecting port is divided into two branches through a pipeline, one branch is provided with a first mud discharge port to communicate with the outside world, and the other branch is connected to the mud inlet pipe through a sludge pump;

[0009] A sludge return inclined plate structure for separating and returning anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge is arranged between the inner circulation reaction zone and the separation and sedimentation zone, and the sludge return inclined plate structure is inclined from the upper circulation reaction chamber to the lower circulation reaction chamber; a gas baffle is arranged in the separation and sedimentation zone, and the gas baffle is arranged along the axis of the main reactor; a water outlet is arranged on the side wall of the separation and sedimentation zone of the main reactor, and an inclined wall surface is arranged below the water outlet to facilitate sludge separation and sedimentation, and a sedimentation chamber is formed between the inclined wall surface, the gas baffle, and the sludge return inclined plate structure;

[0010] A gas collecting port is arranged at the top of the gas collecting area of ​​the main reactor; the gas outlet end of the gas collecting port is divided into two branches, one branch is connected through the gas production reflux port, the air pump and the air inlet pipe of the internal circulation reaction zone, and the other branch is connected with the outside through the exhaust port and the air pressure balance valve.

[0011] Preferably, the sludge collecting inclined plate structure is bilaterally symmetrical, and the left and right sides of the sludge collecting inclined plate structure both include inclined plates parallel to each other, with a spacing between the inclined plates not less than 3 cm; the inclination angle α of the inclined plates in the sludge collecting inclined plate structure ranges from 40° to 50°.

[0012] Preferably, an inverted trumpet-shaped divider is provided at one end of the mud inlet pipe and the water inlet pipe located inside the inner circulation reaction zone; the maximum diameter of the divider is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the width of the upper circulation reaction chamber.

[0013] Preferably, holes for uniform air distribution are provided on the air intake pipe; the length of the air intake pipe is not less than 8 cm, and the aperture of the holes on the air intake pipe ranges from 3 to 5 mm.

[0014] Preferably, the apertures on the sieve are in the range of 0.2 to 1 mm.

[0015] Preferably, the distance between the bottom end of the central partition and the screen is set to 3 to 10 cm.

[0016] Preferably, the sludge return inclined plate structure comprises two parallel upper inclined plates and a lower inclined plate, and the lower inclined plate is connected to a central partition plate; the spacing between the upper inclined plate and the lower inclined plate is not less than 3 cm, and the length of the upper inclined plate is 1.5 to 2 times that of the lower inclined plate; the inclination angle β of the inclined plate in the sludge return inclined plate structure ranges from 40° to 50°.

[0017] Preferably, the inclination angle γ of the inclined wall below the water outlet is in the range of 50° to 60°.

[0018] Preferably, the bottom of the gas partition is located at least 10 cm below the liquid level in the precipitation chamber.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for utilizing the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge enhanced granulation and retention device according to the first aspect, and the specific process is as follows:

[0020] The inner circulation reaction zone is filled with anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge; the ammonia-containing wastewater to be treated is introduced into the inner circulation reaction zone through the water inlet pipe and evenly dispersed; the ammonia-containing wastewater to be treated fully contacts and reacts with the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge, and drives the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge to flow from bottom to top in the upper circulation reaction chamber; the sludge particles with larger particle sizes in the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge are refluxed to the lower circulation reaction chamber under the separation effect of the sludge reflux inclined plate structure; the sludge particles with smaller particle sizes in the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge enter the upper separation and sedimentation zone driven by the liquid;

[0021] In the internal circulation reaction zone, the ammonia-containing wastewater to be treated reacts with the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge to generate nitrogen; in the separation and sedimentation zone, the treated wastewater is discharged through the water outlet, and the nitrogen enters the gas collection zone after separation; a part of the collected nitrogen flows back to the inner circulation reaction zone through the gas production reflux port, the air pump and the air inlet pipe in turn, and drives the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge to move vertically upward together with the ammonia-containing wastewater to be treated; the remaining nitrogen leaves the main reactor through the exhaust port and the air pressure balance valve;

[0022] The sludge particles with smaller particle sizes entering the separation and sedimentation zone enter the lower circulation reaction chamber after being fully precipitated in the sedimentation chamber; the screen intercepts the sludge particles with larger particle sizes in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge in the inner circulation reaction zone; the sludge particles with smaller particle sizes enter the sludge collecting area through the screen, and accumulate at the sludge collecting port after being separated and precipitated by the sludge collecting inclined plate structure; the sludge particles at the sludge collecting port flow back to the sludge inlet pipe of the inner circulation reaction zone through a pipeline with a sludge pump, and participate in the circulation in the inner circulation reaction zone together with the ammonia-containing wastewater to be treated and the reflux nitrogen.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge enhanced granulation and retention device provided by the present invention makes full use of the self-gas production characteristics of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation technology, and utilizes the gas production reuse and sludge return mixed water to drive the internal circulation reaction zone to form a counterclockwise three-dimensional circulation flow, thereby extending the retention time of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge in the device. In addition, the device is provided with a sludge collection inclined plate structure and a sludge return inclined plate structure to strengthen the sedimentation of fine sludge and flocculent sludge, reduce the loss of biomass effluent, and the sludge return system provides more reaction opportunities, longer retention time and more favorable granulation conditions for fine sludge.

[0025] In general, the device strengthens sludge return and collection and improves sludge retention performance through functional zoning and a series of inclined plate settings; it improves hydraulic shear and strengthens sludge granulation through gas and sludge return; the overall device has a compact structure and is suitable for the enrichment and granulation culture of low-growth-rate sludge such as anaerobic ammonia oxidation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 The overall schematic diagram of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge enhanced granulation and retention device provided in this embodiment;

[0027] Figure 2 A top view of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge enhanced granulation and retention device provided in this embodiment;

[0028] In the figure: sludge collecting area Ⅰ, internal circulation reaction area Ⅱ, separation and sedimentation area Ⅲ, gas collecting area Ⅳ, upper circulation reaction chamber A, lower circulation reaction chamber B, sedimentation chamber C, sludge collecting inclined plate structure 1, sludge collecting port 2, sludge pump 3, sludge inlet pipe 4, first sludge discharge port 5, equalizer 6, second sludge discharge port 7, screen 8, central partition plate 9, sludge return inclined plate structure 10, water inlet pipe 11, water outlet 12, gas partition plate 13, gas collecting port 14, exhaust port 15, air pressure balance valve 16, gas production reflux port 17, air pump 18, and air inlet pipe 19. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention is further described and illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The technical features of each embodiment of the present invention can be combined accordingly without conflicting with each other.

[0030] It should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when in use, and are only for the convenience of describing the design of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the design of the present invention. The "large" and "small" referred to in the embodiments of the present invention, such as sludge particles with larger particle sizes and sludge particles with smaller particle sizes, describe a relative state and do not specifically limit the particle size of the sludge particles.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment provides an anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge enhanced granulation and retention device. The device includes a main reactor in the shape of a square column. The main reactor is placed vertically, and from bottom to top, there are interconnected sludge collection area I, internal circulation reaction area II, separation sedimentation area III and gas collection area IV.

[0032] In the device provided by the present invention, a mud collection port 2 is provided at the bottom of the mud collection area I of the main reactor. A mud collection inclined plate structure 1 is provided above the mud collection port 2. The mud collection inclined plate structure 1 is a bilaterally symmetrical structure and is inclined toward the central axis of the main reactor. Figure 1 As shown, the left and right sides of the sludge collecting inclined plate structure 1 provided in this embodiment both include inclined plates parallel to each other, and both sides of the inclined plates are not connected to the left and right inner walls of the main reactor. In order to ensure the separation effect of granular sludge, the spacing between the inclined plates in the sludge collecting inclined plate structure 1 is set to be no less than 3 cm, and the inclination angle α of the inclined plate ranges from 40° to 50°. Those skilled in the art can select it according to the actual particle size of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge.

[0033] In the device provided by the present invention, the inner circulation reaction zone II is filled with anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge, and a screen 8 for intercepting larger sludge particles in the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge is arranged between the sludge collecting zone I and the inner circulation reaction zone II. The screen 8 can continue to intercept the larger sludge particles of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge in the inner circulation reaction zone II in the inner circulation reaction zone II for subsequent reaction, and the smaller sludge particles enter the lower sludge collecting zone I for enhanced separation and precipitation and then be used for reflux. Therefore, the aperture of the holes opened on the screen 8 needs to meet the above requirements. According to the situation of most anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge, the aperture range of the holes opened on the screen 8 can be set to 0.2 to 1 mm.

[0034] like Figure 2As shown, a central partition 9 is arranged in the inner circulation reaction zone II along the axial direction of the main reactor. The central partition 9 divides the inner circulation reaction zone II into an upper circulation reaction chamber A and a lower circulation reaction chamber B of equal volume. The distance between the bottom end of the central partition 9 and the screen 8 can be set to 3 to 10 cm.

[0035] In the device provided by the present invention, a mud inlet pipe 4, a water inlet pipe 11, an air inlet pipe 19 and a second mud outlet 7 are provided from top to bottom on the side wall of the inner circulation reaction zone II of the main reactor near the screen 8. Among them, an inverted trumpet-shaped divider 6 is provided at one end of the mud inlet pipe 4 and the water inlet pipe 11 located inside the inner circulation reaction zone II. The maximum diameter of the divider 6 can be set to 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the width of the upper circulation reaction chamber A. The divider 6 on the mud inlet pipe 4 can evenly distribute the anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge from the mud collecting port 2 into the inner circulation reaction zone II. The divider 6 on the water inlet pipe 11 can evenly disperse the ammonia-containing wastewater to be treated into the inner circulation reaction zone II. Holes for uniform air distribution are provided on the air inlet pipe 19. In this embodiment, the length of the air inlet pipe 19 is not less than 8 cm, and the aperture range of the holes on the air inlet pipe 19 is 3 to 5 mm.

[0036] In the device provided by the present invention, the outlet of the mud collecting port 2 is divided into two branches through a pipeline, one branch is provided with a first mud discharge port 5 communicating with the outside, and the other branch is communicated with the mud inlet pipe 4 through a mud pump 3 .

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, a sludge return inclined plate structure 10 for separating and returning anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge is provided between the internal circulation reaction zone II and the separation sedimentation zone III, and the sludge return inclined plate structure 10 is inclined from the upper circulation reaction chamber A to the lower circulation reaction chamber B. In this embodiment, the sludge return inclined plate structure 10 includes two upper inclined plates and a lower inclined plate parallel to each other, and the lower inclined plate is connected to the central partition plate 9. The length of the upper inclined plate is 1.5 to 2 times that of the lower inclined plate, and both sides of the upper inclined plate and the lower inclined plate are not connected to the left and right inner walls of the main reactor. In order to ensure the separation effect of granular sludge, the spacing between the upper inclined plate and the lower inclined plate is not less than 3 cm, and the inclination angle β of the inclined plate is set to a range of 40° to 50°.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, a gas partition 13 is arranged in the separation sedimentation zone III, and the gas partition 13 is arranged along the axis of the main reactor. A water outlet 12 is provided on the side wall of the separation sedimentation zone III of the main reactor, and an inclined wall surface is arranged below the water outlet 12 to facilitate sludge separation and sedimentation. The inclined wall surface and the gas partition 13 and the sludge return inclined plate structure 10 form a sedimentation chamber C. The gas partition 13 is used to separate nitrogen from the treated liquid, so the bottom of the gas partition 13 is located at least 10 cm below the liquid level of the sedimentation chamber C. The inclination angle γ of the inclined wall surface below the water outlet 12 is set to a range of 50° to 60°.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, a gas collecting port 14 is provided at the top of the gas collecting zone IV of the main reactor. The gas outlet end of the gas collecting port 14 is divided into two branches, one of which is connected to the gas inlet pipe 19 of the internal circulation reaction zone II through the gas production reflux port 17, the air pump 18, and the other branch is connected to the outside through the exhaust port 15 and the air pressure balance valve 16. The pressure setting of the air pressure balance valve 16 is adjusted according to the gas production situation in the device and the minimum gas volume to promote the circulation of mud-water mixing.

[0040] This embodiment also provides a method for utilizing the above-mentioned anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge enhanced granulation and retention device, and the specific process is as follows:

[0041] The inner circulation reaction zone II is filled with anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge. The ammonia-containing wastewater to be treated is introduced into the inner circulation reaction zone II through the water inlet pipe 11 and evenly dispersed. The ammonia-containing wastewater to be treated fully contacts and reacts with the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge, and drives the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge to flow from bottom to top in the upper circulation reaction chamber A. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge flows back to the lower circulation reaction chamber B under the action of the sludge return inclined plate structure 10. The sludge particles with smaller particle sizes in the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge enter the upper separation sedimentation zone III driven by the liquid.

[0042] In the internal circulation reaction zone II, the ammonia-containing wastewater to be treated reacts with the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge to generate nitrogen. In the separation and sedimentation zone III, the treated wastewater is discharged through the outlet 12, and the nitrogen is separated and enters the gas collection zone IV. A portion of the collected nitrogen flows back to the inner circulation reaction zone II through the gas production reflux port 17, the air pump 18 and the air inlet pipe 19 in turn, and drives the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge to move vertically upward together with the ammonia-containing wastewater to be treated. The remaining excess nitrogen leaves the main reactor through the exhaust port 15 and the air pressure balance valve 16. The reflux gas production provides additional shear force, which is conducive to strengthening the granulation of fine particle sludge and flocculent anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge.

[0043] The sludge particles with smaller particle sizes entering the separation and sedimentation zone III are fully precipitated in the sedimentation chamber C and then enter the lower circulation reaction chamber B. The screen 8 intercepts the sludge particles with larger particle sizes in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge in the inner circulation reaction zone II. The sludge particles with smaller particle sizes enter the sludge collection zone I through the screen 8, and accumulate at the sludge collection port 2 after enhanced separation and sedimentation through the sludge collection inclined plate structure 1. The sludge particles at the sludge collection port 2 are refluxed to the sludge inlet pipe 4 of the inner circulation reaction zone II through the pipeline with the sludge pump 3, and participate in the inner circulation of the inner circulation reaction zone II together with the ammonia-containing wastewater to be treated and the reflux nitrogen.

[0044] The device strengthens sludge return and collection and improves sludge retention performance through functional zoning and a series of inclined plate structures. Through gas and sludge return, hydraulic shear is increased to strengthen sludge granulation. The overall device has a compact structure and is suitable for the enrichment and granulation of low-growth-rate sludge such as anaerobic ammonium oxidation.

[0045] The above embodiment is only a preferred solution of the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. A person skilled in the relevant technical field can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any technical solution obtained by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge enhanced granulation and retention device, characterized in that: The device comprises a main reactor, which comprises, from bottom to top, a mud collection area (I), an internal circulation reaction area (II), a separation and precipitation area (III) and a gas collection area (IV) which are interconnected; A mud collection port (2) is provided at the bottom of the mud collection area (I) of the main reactor; a mud collection inclined plate structure (1) inclined toward the central axis of the main reactor is provided above the mud collection port (2); The inner circulation reaction zone (II) is filled with anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge, and a screen (8) for intercepting larger sludge particles in the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge is arranged between the sludge collecting zone (I) and the inner circulation reaction zone (II); a central partition (9) is arranged in the inner circulation reaction zone (II) along the axial direction of the main reactor; the central partition (9) divides the inner circulation reaction zone (II) into an upper circulation reaction chamber (A) and a lower circulation reaction chamber (B) of equal volume; a sludge inlet pipe (4), a water inlet pipe (11), an air inlet pipe (19) and a second sludge discharge port (7) are arranged on the side wall of the inner circulation reaction zone (II) of the main reactor from top to bottom; the outlet of the sludge collecting port (2) is divided into two branches through a pipeline, one branch is provided with a first sludge discharge port (5) and communicates with the outside, and the other branch is communicated with the sludge inlet pipe (4) through a sludge pump (3); A sludge return inclined plate structure (10) for separating and returning the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge is provided between the internal circulation reaction zone (II) and the separation sedimentation zone (III), and the sludge return inclined plate structure (10) is inclined from the upper circulation reaction chamber (A) to the lower circulation reaction chamber (B); A gas partition (13) is arranged in the separation and sedimentation zone (III), and the gas partition (13) is arranged along the axis of the main reactor; a water outlet (12) is provided on the side wall of the separation and sedimentation zone (III) of the main reactor, and an inclined wall surface is arranged below the water outlet (12) to facilitate sludge separation and sedimentation, and a sedimentation chamber (C) is formed between the inclined wall surface, the gas partition (13), and the sludge return inclined plate structure (10); A gas collecting port (14) is arranged at the top of the gas collecting zone (IV) of the main reactor; the gas outlet end of the gas collecting port (14) is divided into two branches, one branch is connected to the gas inlet pipe (19) of the internal circulation reaction zone (II) through the gas production reflux port (17), the air pump (18), and the other branch is connected to the outside through the exhaust port (15) and the air pressure balance valve (16); The sludge return inclined plate structure (10) comprises two mutually parallel upper inclined plates and a lower inclined plate, the lower inclined plate being connected to a central partition plate (9); the spacing between the upper inclined plate and the lower inclined plate is not less than 3 cm, and the length of the upper inclined plate is 1.5 to 2 times that of the lower inclined plate; the inclination angle β of the inclined plate in the sludge return inclined plate structure (10) is in the range of 40° to 50°.

2. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge enhanced granulation and retention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sludge collecting inclined plate structure (1) is bilaterally symmetrical, and the left and right sides of the sludge collecting inclined plate structure (1) both include inclined plates that are parallel to each other in the upper and lower directions, and the spacing between the inclined plates is not less than 3 cm; the inclination angle α of the inclined plates in the sludge collecting inclined plate structure (1) ranges from 40° to 50°.

3. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge enhanced granulation and retention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inverted trumpet-shaped divider (6) is provided at one end of the mud inlet pipe (4) and the water inlet pipe (11) located inside the inner circulation reaction zone (II); the maximum diameter of the divider (6) is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the width of the upper circulation reaction chamber (A).

4. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge enhanced granulation and retention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air intake pipe (19) is provided with holes for evenly distributing air; the air intake pipe (19) has a length of not less than 8 cm, and the hole diameter of the air intake pipe (19) ranges from 3 to 5 mm.

5. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge enhanced granulation and retention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The apertures on the screen (8) range from 0.2 to 1 mm.

6. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge enhanced granulation and retention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the bottom end of the central partition (9) and the screen (8) is set to be 3 to 10 cm.

7. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge enhanced granulation and retention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclination angle γ of the inclined wall below the water outlet (12) is in the range of 50° to 60°.

8. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge enhanced granulation and retention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the gas partition (13) is located at least 10 cm below the liquid level of the precipitation chamber (C).

9. A method for utilizing the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge enhanced granulation and retention device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The specific process is as follows: The inner circulation reaction zone (II) is filled with anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge; the ammonia-containing wastewater to be treated is introduced into the inner circulation reaction zone (II) through the water inlet pipe (11) and evenly dispersed; the ammonia-containing wastewater to be treated fully contacts and reacts with the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge, and drives the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge to flow from bottom to top in the upper circulation reaction chamber (A); the sludge particles with larger particle sizes in the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge are returned to the lower circulation reaction chamber (B) under the separation effect of the sludge return inclined plate structure (10); the sludge particles with smaller particle sizes in the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge are driven by the liquid to enter the upper separation and sedimentation zone (III); In the internal circulation reaction zone (II), the ammonia-containing wastewater to be treated reacts with the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge to generate nitrogen; in the separation and sedimentation zone (III), the treated wastewater is discharged through the water outlet (12), and the nitrogen is separated and enters the gas collection zone (IV); a part of the collected nitrogen is refluxed to the inner part of the internal circulation reaction zone (II) through the gas production reflux port (17), the air pump (18) and the air inlet pipe (19) in sequence, and drives the anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge to move vertically upward together with the ammonia-containing wastewater to be treated; the remaining nitrogen leaves the main reactor through the exhaust port (15) and the air pressure balance valve (16); The sludge particles with smaller particle sizes entering the separation and sedimentation zone (III) are fully precipitated in the sedimentation chamber (C) and then enter the lower circulation reaction chamber (B); the screen (8) intercepts the sludge particles with larger particle sizes in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge in the inner circulation reaction zone (II); the sludge particles with smaller particle sizes enter the sludge collection zone (I) through the screen (8), and are accumulated at the sludge collection port (2) after enhanced separation and sedimentation through the sludge collection inclined plate structure (1); the sludge particles at the sludge collection port (2) are refluxed to the sludge inlet pipe (4) of the inner circulation reaction zone (II) through a pipeline with a sludge pump (3), and participate in the inner circulation of the inner circulation reaction zone (II) together with the ammonia-containing wastewater to be treated and the reflux nitrogen.

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