Noise barrier plate

Abstract

The invention discloses a noise barrier plate, and relates to the technical field of road engineering. The noise barrier plate comprises a sound absorption layer and a sound insulation layer, the sound absorption layer comprises a first sound absorption layer and a second sound absorption layer, the first sound absorption layer is arranged on one side of the second sound absorption layer, and the porosity of the material of the first sound absorption layer is smaller than that of the material of the second sound absorption layer; the sound insulation layer is arranged on the side, away from the first sound absorption layer, of the second sound absorption layer, a plurality of through cavities are formed in the sound insulation layer in the first direction, the sound absorption layers can effectively absorb and absorb traffic noise, the sound insulation layer can block propagation of the noise, and due to the arrangement of the cavities, the cavity resonance effect can be improved, and the propagation of the noise can be blocked.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of road engineering, and in particular to a noise barrier board. Background Art

[0002] Highways and urban expressways generate a lot of noise when they are close to residential areas. In order to reduce the impact of noise on residents, it is usually necessary to set up noise barriers on both sides of the road to reduce noise pollution.

[0003] However, the existing noise barrier panels have poor noise shielding effect, and the problem of residents being affected by noise is still serious. It is urgent to develop noise barrier panels with good sound absorption effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a noise barrier plate to solve the problem that the existing noise barrier plates have poor noise shielding effect.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a noise barrier board, comprising a sound absorbing layer and a sound insulating layer, wherein:

[0006] The sound absorbing layer comprises a first sound absorbing layer and a second sound absorbing layer, the first sound absorbing layer is arranged on one side of the second sound absorbing layer, and the porosity of the material of the first sound absorbing layer is smaller than the porosity of the material of the second sound absorbing layer;

[0007] The sound insulation layer is arranged on a side of the second sound absorbing layer away from the first sound absorbing layer, and the sound insulation layer is provided with a plurality of penetrating cavities in a first direction.

[0008] In the present application, the sound-absorbing layer can effectively absorb and absorb traffic noise, the sound-insulating layer can block the propagation of noise, and the cavity setting can improve the resonance effect and hinder the propagation of noise. The porosity of the material of the first sound-absorbing layer is less than the porosity of the material of the second sound-absorbing layer, which can reduce the weight of the entire sound-absorbing layer and improve the absorption of high-frequency noise. The second sound-absorbing layer with large porosity can first scatter and reflect low-frequency sound waves, so that part of the low-frequency energy is initially dissipated. The first sound-absorbing layer with small porosity can better capture the remaining sound waves after preliminary processing, especially the high-frequency part, and absorb sound through the gaps between particles and the vibration of the particles themselves, so that both high-frequency noise and low-frequency noise can be fully absorbed, thereby improving the sound insulation effect.

[0009] It should be noted that noise usually spreads horizontally along the road and has a greater impact on residents. Therefore, the sound-absorbing layer of the noise barrier board of the present application is usually close to the road side, and the sound insulation layer is close to the residents side, which can improve the effect of absorbing high-frequency noise.

[0010] In some embodiments, the porosity of the first sound-absorbing layer is 40-45%. The main function of the first sound-absorbing layer is to capture the remaining sound waves after preliminary processing, especially the high-frequency part, and absorb sound through the gaps between particles and the vibration of the particles themselves, so that both high-frequency noise and low-frequency noise can be fully absorbed. The porosity of the first sound-absorbing layer is within this range, which can improve the absorption effect of the first sound-absorbing layer on high-frequency noise. Different porosity requirements can be controlled by controlling the particle size of the raw materials. The particle size of the raw materials can be controlled by granulation, screening, etc. The particle size of the particles of the first sound-absorbing layer can be controlled at 1-2 mm (10-20 mesh); and / or,

[0011] The porosity of the second sound-absorbing layer is 50-55%. The main function of the second sound-absorbing layer is to scatter and reflect low-frequency sound waves, so that part of the low-frequency energy is initially dissipated. The porosity of the second sound-absorbing layer is within this range, which can improve the dissipation effect of low-frequency sound waves. Different porosity requirements can be controlled by controlling the particle size of the raw materials. The particle size of the raw materials can be controlled by granulation, screening, etc. The particle size of the second sound-absorbing layer can be controlled at 0.5-0.8 mm (40-60 mesh).

[0012] In some embodiments, the material of the sound absorbing layer includes red mud, microsilica powder, mineral powder, polypropylene fiber, sodium silicate, sodium hydroxide, nickel slag, polyacrylamide and latex powder. By treating and reprocessing various solid wastes, such as waste building materials and industrial waste residues, to make them into durable sound barrier construction materials, the recycling rate of renewable resources can be improved, environmental pollution can be reduced, energy conservation and emission reduction can be achieved, and costs can be reduced.

[0013] It should be noted that red mud usually refers to industrial solid waste discharged when aluminum industry extracts alumina. Because it contains a large amount of iron oxide, its appearance is similar to red soil. Microsilica fume usually refers to the smoke and dust that escapes with the exhaust gas during the high-temperature smelting of industrial silicon and ferrosilicon in industrial electric furnaces, which is collected and processed by special capture devices. Mineral powder usually refers to the powdered product after ore crushing and processing. Nickel slag usually refers to the solid waste residue produced by smelting nickel-iron alloy. Latex powder usually refers to the powdered rubber material obtained by crushing and processing waste rubber products.

[0014] In some embodiments, the materials of the sound absorbing layer include, by weight, 20-60 parts of red mud, 20-30 parts of microsilica powder, 10-20 parts of mineral powder, 5-10 parts of polypropylene fiber, 10-15 parts of sodium silicate, 2-3 parts of sodium hydroxide, 40-50 parts of nickel slag, 2-5 parts of polyacrylamide and 1-2 parts of latex powder. When the weight of the materials of the sound absorbing layer is within this range, the utilization rate of solid waste can be effectively improved, the structural strength and porosity of the sound absorbing layer can be enhanced, and the effect of efficiently absorbing high and low frequency traffic noise can be achieved.

[0015] It should be noted that the sound absorbing layer and the second sound absorbing layer are made of the same material, and the difference lies in their porosity, which can be measured by a weight method, a volume method, a CT scanning method or the like.

[0016] In some embodiments, the material of the sound insulation layer includes: cement, mineral powder, red mud, aluminum ore tailings, wood fiber, latex powder, early strength agent, cellulose ether and water reducing agent. By treating and reprocessing various solid wastes, such as waste building materials and industrial waste residues, to make them into strong and durable sound barrier construction materials, the recycling rate of renewable resources can be improved, environmental pollution can be reduced, energy conservation and emission reduction can be achieved, and costs can be reduced.

[0017] In some embodiments, the materials of the sound insulation layer include, by weight: 30-40 parts of cement, 5-10 parts of mineral powder, 25-30 parts of red mud, 30-35 parts of aluminum ore tailings, 10-20 parts of wood fiber, 5-10 parts of latex powder, 2-5 parts of early strength agent, 3-5 parts of cellulose ether and 5-10 parts of water reducing agent. When the weight of the materials of the sound insulation layer is within this range, the deadweight of the structure can be reduced and the structural stability can be increased.

[0018] It should be noted that aluminum ore tailings usually refer to ore tailings composed of gibbsite, boehmite or diaspore as the main minerals. Wood fiber usually refers to recyclable materials or new wood fiber made from wood fiber such as newspapers, kraft paper, corrugated paper, etc. Latex powder usually refers to a powdery substance formed by drying a colloidal liquid latex liquid mixed with latex and water. Early strength agent usually refers to an admixture that can improve the early strength of concrete. Water reducing agent usually refers to a concrete admixture that can reduce the amount of mixing water while maintaining the slump of concrete basically unchanged.

[0019] After the sound waves enter the sound absorbing layer, complex physical processes will occur in the pores and particles inside the material. A sound absorbing layer of a certain thickness can extend the propagation path of the sound waves in it. As the thickness increases, the number of times the sound waves are reflected in it may increase, and each reflection will absorb part of the energy, which increases the total absorbed energy. Sound absorbing layers of different thicknesses have different degrees of improvement in their ability to absorb sound waves of different frequencies. For low-frequency sound waves, sufficient thickness can provide more space for sound waves to propagate and attenuate. Low-frequency sound waves have a longer wavelength, and sufficient thickness is required to allow the sound waves to produce sufficient reflection, scattering, and friction between particles, thereby consuming energy. For high-frequency sound waves, the wavelength is shorter, and the thickness of the first sound absorbing layer is less than the thickness of the second sound absorbing layer, which can produce a good absorption effect on high-frequency sound waves. Continuously increasing the thickness of the first sound absorbing layer has no significant effect on the absorption of high-frequency sound waves.

[0020] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first sound absorbing layer is less than that of the second sound absorbing layer. Since the first sound absorbing layer mainly absorbs high-frequency sound waves and the second sound absorbing layer mainly absorbs low-frequency sound waves, the thickness has a greater impact on low-frequency sound waves than high-frequency sound waves. Therefore, the first sound absorbing layer only needs to be thinner than the second sound absorbing layer to achieve the absorption of high-frequency and low-frequency sound waves; and / or,

[0021] The thickness of the first sound absorbing layer is 5 to 15 mm. When the thickness of the first sound absorbing layer is within this range, the dissipation of high-frequency sound waves can be improved; and / or,

[0022] The thickness of the second sound absorbing layer is 15 to 25 mm. When the thickness of the second sound absorbing layer is within this range, the dissipation of low-frequency sound waves can be improved; and / or,

[0023] The thickness of the sound insulation layer is 50 to 90 mm. Within this range, the thickness of the sound insulation layer can ensure the stability of the structural strength of the sound insulation layer while blocking the propagation of noise; and / or,

[0024] The thickness of the cavity is 30 to 70 mm. Within this range, the thickness of the cavity can provide sufficient strength and stability for the sound barrier and improve the cavity resonance effect. It should be noted that since the cavity is a through hole in the sound insulation layer in the first direction, in order to improve the sound insulation effect, the sound insulation layer at the bottom of the cavity has a certain wall thickness, which is usually 10 mm.

[0025] In some embodiments, a connection reinforcement layer is further provided between the first sound absorbing layer and the second sound absorbing layer. Since the sound absorbing layer is composed of the first sound absorbing layer and the second sound absorbing layer, in order to improve the firmness of the connection between the first sound absorbing layer and the second sound absorbing layer, a connection reinforcement layer is provided between the first sound absorbing layer and the second sound absorbing layer, which can reduce the delamination of the first sound absorbing layer and the second sound absorbing layer.

[0026] In some embodiments, the material of the connecting reinforcement layer includes glass fiber, and the connecting reinforcement layer includes a first reinforcement layer and a second reinforcement layer, wherein the first reinforcement layer includes glass fiber rods arranged at intervals, and the second reinforcement layer includes glass fiber mesh cloth. The glass fiber rods arranged at intervals can enhance the overall bending fracture load strength and impact resistance of the board, and the spacing of the glass fiber rods can be 60 to 100 mm. The glass fiber mesh cloth can further improve the overall structural strength of the board. The mesh of the glass fiber mesh cloth can be 3mm×3mm, 4mm×4mm or 5mm×5mm.

[0027] In some embodiments, the spacing between the cavities is 60 to 100 mm. When there are multiple densely packed resonant cavities, different cavities will affect each other. The sound waves between adjacent cavities interfere with each other. When the resonance frequencies of adjacent cavities are similar, the propagation of sound waves between adjacent cavities will lead to a coupling effect, which will widen the sound absorption band. The spacing between cavities within this range can reduce the interference effect between adjacent cavities, improve the resonance effect of the noise cavity, and improve the noise shielding effect; and / or,

[0028] The volume proportion of the cavity on the sound insulation layer is 50% to 70%. Within this range, the volume proportion of the cavity on the sound insulation layer can provide sufficient strength and stability for the sound barrier and improve the cavity resonance effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a noise barrier plate according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a left side view of the structure of a noise barrier plate according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a right side view of the structure of a noise barrier plate according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a front view of the structure of a noise barrier plate according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a structural rear view of a noise barrier plate according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0036] 100 noise barrier board; 1 sound absorbing layer; 11 first sound absorbing layer; 12 second sound absorbing layer; 2 sound insulation layer; 21 cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solution of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0038] Highways and urban expressways generate a lot of noise when they are close to residential areas. In order to reduce the impact of noise on residents, it is usually necessary to set up noise barriers on both sides of the road to reduce noise pollution.

[0039] However, the existing noise barrier panels have poor noise shielding effect, and the problem of residents being affected by noise is still serious. It is urgent to develop noise barrier panels with good sound absorption effect.

[0040] In view of this, the present application provides a noise barrier plate to solve the problem that the existing noise barrier plates have poor noise shielding effect.

[0041] First, as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present application provides a noise barrier plate 100, comprising a sound absorbing layer 1 and a sound insulating layer 2, wherein:

[0042] The sound absorbing layer 1 comprises a first sound absorbing layer 11 and a second sound absorbing layer 12, wherein the first sound absorbing layer 11 is disposed on one side of the second sound absorbing layer 12, and the porosity of the material of the first sound absorbing layer 11 is smaller than the porosity of the material of the second sound absorbing layer 12;

[0043] The sound insulation layer 2 is disposed on a side of the second sound absorbing layer 12 away from the first sound absorbing layer 11 , and the sound insulation layer 2 is provided with a plurality of penetrating cavities 21 in a first direction.

[0044] In the present application, the sound-absorbing layer 1 can effectively absorb and absorb traffic noise, the sound-insulating layer 2 can block the propagation of noise, and the setting of the cavity 21 can improve the resonance effect and hinder the propagation of noise. The porosity of the material of the first sound-absorbing layer 11 is less than the porosity of the material of the second sound-absorbing layer 12, which can reduce the weight of the entire sound-absorbing layer 1 and improve the absorption of high-frequency noise. The second sound-absorbing layer 12 with a large porosity can first scatter and reflect low-frequency sound waves, so that part of the low-frequency energy is initially dissipated. The first sound-absorbing layer 11 with a small porosity can better capture the remaining sound waves after preliminary processing, especially the high-frequency part, and absorb sound through the gaps between particles and the vibration of the particles themselves, so that both high-frequency noise and low-frequency noise can be fully absorbed, thereby improving the sound insulation effect.

[0045] It should be noted that noise usually propagates laterally along the road and has a greater impact on residents. Therefore, the sound-absorbing layer 1 of the noise barrier panel 100 of the present application is usually close to the road side, and the sound-insulating layer 2 is close to the residents side, which can improve the effect of absorbing high and low frequency traffic noise.

[0046] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments provided in the present application, the porosity of the first sound absorbing layer 11 is 40-45%. The main function of the first sound absorbing layer 11 is to capture the remaining sound waves after preliminary processing, especially the high-frequency part, and absorb sound through the gaps between particles and the vibration of the particles themselves, so that both high-frequency noise and low-frequency noise can be fully absorbed. The porosity of the first sound absorbing layer 11 is within this range, which can improve the absorption effect of the first sound absorbing layer 11 on high-frequency noise. Different porosity requirements can be controlled by controlling the particle size of the raw materials. The particle size of the raw materials can be controlled by granulation, screening, etc. The particle size of the particles of the first sound absorbing layer 11 can be controlled at 1-2 mm (10-20 mesh).

[0047] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments provided by the present application, the porosity of the second sound absorbing layer 12 is 50-55%. The main function of the second sound absorbing layer 12 is to scatter and reflect low-frequency sound waves, so that part of the low-frequency energy is initially dissipated. The porosity of the second sound absorbing layer 12 is within this range, which can improve the dissipation effect of low-frequency sound waves. Different porosity requirements can be controlled by controlling the particle size of the raw materials. The particle size of the raw materials can be controlled by granulation, screening, etc. The particle size of the second sound absorbing layer 12 can be controlled at 0.5-0.8 mm (40-60 mesh).

[0048] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments provided in the present application, the material of the sound absorbing layer 1 includes red mud, microsilica powder, mineral powder, polypropylene fiber, sodium silicate, sodium hydroxide, nickel slag, polyacrylamide and latex powder. By treating and reprocessing various types of solid waste, such as waste building materials, industrial waste residues, etc., to make them into durable sound barrier construction materials, the recycling rate of renewable resources can be improved, environmental pollution can be reduced, energy conservation and emission reduction can be achieved, and costs can be reduced.

[0049] It should be noted that red mud is a kind of solid waste that is difficult to handle. On the one hand, it requires a lot of land for stacking, and on the other hand, it causes great damage to the surrounding environment. This problem has become a problem for aluminum plants. Therefore, the use of red mud to prepare building materials can not only reduce the cost of raw materials, but also improve the environment and solve the problem of solid waste treatment for enterprises. Microsilica fume usually refers to the smoke and dust that escapes with the exhaust gas during the high-temperature smelting of industrial silicon and ferrosilicon in industrial electric furnaces, which is collected and processed by special capture devices. Mineral powder usually refers to the powdered product after ore crushing and processing. Nickel slag usually refers to the solid waste slag produced by smelting nickel-iron alloys. Latex powder usually refers to the powdered rubber material obtained by crushing and processing waste rubber products. Red mud has a high sodium ion content. The alkaline-based geological polymer gelling material synthesis technology can be used to convert the sodium ions in red mud into part of the activator in the synthetic material, and other raw materials of red mud can be used as the excitation object. By adding active initiators such as calcined kaolin tailings, calcined coal gangue, blast furnace slag, steel slag, microsilica fume, etc., it can be prepared into a gelling material. The hollow building board is prepared by the extrusion molding process to realize the recycling of solid waste. Most of the solid waste is inorganic non-metallic materials, which have the advantages of corrosion resistance, aging resistance, high temperature resistance, etc., and can ensure the long-term stable operation of the noise barrier board 100 in harsh natural environments.

[0050] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments provided in the present application, the material of the sound absorbing layer 1 includes, by weight, 20-60 parts of red mud, 20-30 parts of microsilica powder, 10-20 parts of mineral powder, 5-10 parts of polypropylene fiber, 10-15 parts of sodium silicate, 2-3 parts of sodium hydroxide, 40-50 parts of nickel slag, 2-5 parts of polyacrylamide and 1-2 parts of latex powder. When the weight of the material of the sound absorbing layer 1 is within this range, the utilization rate of solid waste can be effectively improved, the structural strength and porosity of the sound absorbing layer can be enhanced, and the effect of efficiently absorbing high and low frequency traffic noise can be achieved.

[0051] It should be noted that the sound absorbing layer 1 and the second sound absorbing layer 12 are made of the same material, and the difference lies in their porosity, which can be measured by a weight method, a volume method, a CT scanning method or the like.

[0052] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments provided in the present application, the material of the sound insulation layer 2 includes: cement, mineral powder, red mud, aluminum ore tailings, wood fiber, latex powder, early strength agent, cellulose ether and water reducing agent. By treating and reprocessing various types of solid waste, such as waste building materials, industrial waste residues, etc., to make them into strong and durable sound barrier construction materials, the recycling rate of renewable resources can be improved, environmental pollution can be reduced, energy conservation and emission reduction can be achieved, and costs can be reduced.

[0053] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments provided in the present application, the material of the sound insulation layer 2 includes, by weight, 30-40 parts of cement, 5-10 parts of mineral powder, 25-30 parts of red mud, 30-35 parts of aluminum ore tailings, 10-20 parts of wood fiber, 5-10 parts of latex powder, 2-5 parts of early strength agent, 3-5 parts of cellulose ether and 5-10 parts of water reducing agent. When the weight of the material of the sound insulation layer 2 is within this range, the dead weight of the structure can be reduced and the structural stability can be increased.

[0054] It should be noted that aluminum ore tailings usually refer to ore tailings composed of gibbsite, boehmite or diaspore as the main minerals. Wood fiber usually refers to recyclable materials or new wood fiber made from wood fiber such as newspapers, kraft paper, corrugated paper, etc. Latex powder usually refers to a powdery substance formed by drying a colloidal liquid latex liquid mixed with latex and water. Early strength agent usually refers to an admixture that can improve the early strength of concrete. Water reducing agent usually refers to a concrete admixture that can reduce the amount of mixing water while maintaining the slump of concrete basically unchanged.

[0055] After the sound waves enter the sound absorbing layer, complex physical processes will occur between the pores and particles inside the material. A sound absorbing layer of a certain thickness can extend the propagation path of the sound waves therein. As the thickness increases, the number of times the sound waves are reflected therein may increase, and each reflection will absorb part of the energy, which increases the total absorbed energy. Sound absorbing layers of different thicknesses have different degrees of improvement in their ability to absorb sound waves of different frequencies. For low-frequency sound waves, sufficient thickness can provide more space for sound waves to propagate and attenuate. Low-frequency sound waves have a longer wavelength, and sufficient thickness is required to allow the sound waves to produce sufficient reflection, scattering, and friction between particles, thereby consuming energy. For high-frequency sound waves, the wavelength is shorter, and the thickness of the first sound absorbing layer 11 is less than the thickness of the second sound absorbing layer 12, which can produce a good absorption effect on high-frequency sound waves. Continuously increasing the thickness of the first sound absorbing layer 11 has an insignificant effect on the absorption of high-frequency sound waves.

[0056] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments provided in the present application, the thickness of the first sound absorbing layer 11 is less than the thickness of the second sound absorbing layer 12. Since the first sound absorbing layer 11 mainly absorbs high-frequency sound waves and the second sound absorbing layer 12 mainly absorbs low-frequency sound waves, the thickness has a greater impact on low-frequency sound waves than high-frequency sound waves. Therefore, the first sound absorbing layer 11 only needs to be thinner than the second sound absorbing layer 12 to achieve the absorption of high-frequency and low-frequency sound waves.

[0057] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments provided in the present application, the thickness of the first sound absorbing layer 11 is 5 to 15 mm. The thickness of the first sound absorbing layer 11 within this range can improve the dissipation of high-frequency sound waves. The thickness of the first sound absorbing layer 11 includes but is not limited to 5 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm or 15 mm.

[0058] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments provided in the present application, the thickness of the second sound absorbing layer 12 is 15 to 25 mm. The thickness of the second sound absorbing layer 12 within this range can improve the dissipation of low-frequency sound waves. The thickness of the second sound absorbing layer 12 includes but is not limited to 15 mm, 18 mm, 20 mm, 22 mm or 25 mm.

[0059] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments provided in the present application, the thickness of the sound insulation layer 2 is 50 to 90 mm. Within this range, the thickness of the sound insulation layer 2 can ensure the stability of the structural strength of the sound insulation layer while blocking the propagation of noise. The thickness of the sound insulation layer 2 includes but is not limited to 50 mm, 60 mm, 70 mm, 80 mm or 90 mm.

[0060] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments provided in the present application, the thickness of the cavity 21 is 30 to 70 mm. Within this range, the thickness of the cavity 21 can provide sufficient strength and stability for the sound barrier and improve the cavity resonance effect. It should be noted that since the cavity 21 is a through hole of the sound insulation layer 2 in the first direction, in order to improve the sound insulation effect, the sound insulation layer 2 at the bottom of the cavity 21 also has a certain wall thickness, which is usually 10 mm. The thickness of the cavity 21 includes but is not limited to 30 mm, 40 mm, 50 mm, 60 mm or 70 mm.

[0061] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments provided in the present application, a connection reinforcement layer (not shown) is further provided between the first sound absorbing layer 11 and the second sound absorbing layer 12. Since the sound absorbing layer 1 is composed of the first sound absorbing layer 11 and the second sound absorbing layer 12, in order to improve the firmness of the connection between the first sound absorbing layer 11 and the second sound absorbing layer 12, a connection reinforcement layer is provided between the first sound absorbing layer 11 and the second sound absorbing layer 12, which can reduce the delamination of the first sound absorbing layer 11 and the second sound absorbing layer 12.

[0062] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments provided in the present application, the material of the connecting reinforcement layer includes glass fiber, and the connecting reinforcement layer includes a first reinforcement layer (not shown in the figure) and a second reinforcement layer (not shown in the figure), wherein the first reinforcement layer includes glass fiber rods arranged at intervals, and the second reinforcement layer includes glass fiber mesh cloth. The glass fiber rods arranged at intervals can enhance the overall bending fracture load strength and impact resistance of the board, and the spacing between the glass fiber rods can be 60 to 100 mm. The glass fiber mesh cloth can further improve the overall structural strength of the board. The mesh of the glass fiber mesh cloth can be 3mm×3mm, 4mm×4mm or 5mm×5mm.

[0063] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments provided in the present application, the spacing between the cavities 21 is 60 to 100 mm. When there are multiple dense cavities 21 resonant cavity combinations, different cavities will affect each other. There is mutual interference between the sound waves of adjacent cavities. When the resonance frequencies of adjacent cavities are similar, the propagation of sound waves between adjacent cavities will cause a coupling effect, which widens the sound absorption band. The spacing of the cavities 21 within this range can reduce the interference effect between adjacent cavities, enhance the resonance effect of the noise cavity 21, and enhance the noise shielding effect. The spacing of the cavities 21 includes but is not limited to 60mm, 70mm, 80mm, 90mm or 100mm.

[0064] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments provided in the present application, the volume proportion of the cavity 21 on the sound insulation layer 2 is 50% to 70%. Within this range, the volume proportion of the cavity 21 on the sound insulation layer 2 can ensure that after being absorbed by one cavity, the sound wave still has enough energy to be absorbed again when entering the next cavity. The volume proportion of the cavity 21 on the sound insulation layer 2 includes but is not limited to 50%, 55%, 60%, 65% or 70%.

[0065] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments provided in the present application, a waterproof and water-repellent cloth may be laid between the surface of the second sound-absorbing layer 12 and the sound-insulating layer 2 to reduce rainwater penetration and thus reduce the increase in the weight of the board itself. Nano-silicon waterproof and water-repellent material may also be sprayed on the surface of the noise barrier board 100 to further improve the waterproof and weather resistance of the noise barrier board 100. Specifically, the following preparation method can be adopted: the material of the sound insulation layer 2 is formed by high-pressure vacuum extrusion, and the width of the plate is 500mm and the thickness is 80mm; after curing, it is placed in a multi-drill drilling machine for drilling, and the hole spacing is 80mm×80mm, and the hole volume accounts for 50%. The plate after drilling is placed flat on the ground, and the sound absorption layer is spread in a grid pattern; the material of the second sound absorption layer 12 is first laid on the back side of the cavity 21, with a laying thickness of 22mm, and then glass fiber rods with a diameter of 3mm are laid on the surface of the second sound absorption layer 12, with an interval of 100mm, and glass fiber mesh cloth is laid on the glass rods. The material of the first sound absorption layer 11 is laid on the glass fiber mesh cloth, with a laying thickness of 8mm, and the surface is slightly pressed to flatten. After laying, it can be naturally cured for 3 days. During the laying process, in order to improve the connection firmness between the sound insulation layer 2 and the sound absorption layer 1, the sound insulation layer 2 can be set into a groove structure, and the sound absorption layer 1 is reinforced by both sides of the groove to reduce the risk of the sound absorption layer 1 falling off.

[0066] The technical solution provided by the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. The cement is P.O52.5 ordinary Portland cement, the mineral powder is S95 grade mineral powder, the red mud is red mud powder, the main components are SiO2, Al2O3, CaO, Fe2O3, etc., the aluminum ore tailings are a mixture of diaspore slag, diaspore slag and gibbsite slag in a mass ratio of 1:1:1, the wood fiber is waste newspaper or book fiber, the latex powder is DA-201 redispersible latex powder produced by Guangxi Hengbo New Materials Co., Ltd., the early strength agent is GQZQ-362 calcium formate produced by Guangxi Guangteng Building Materials Factory, the water reducer is DAJS-6800 polycarboxylate water reducer produced by Guangxi Hengbo New Materials Co., Ltd., the microsilica powder is QZW-S12 microsilica powder of Sichuan Langtian Resources Comprehensive Utilization Co., Ltd., and the nickel slag is nickel-iron slag provided by Guangxi Jinyuan Nickel Industry Co., Ltd.

[0067] Example 1

[0068] Embodiment 1 of the present application provides a noise barrier plate, comprising a sound absorbing layer and a sound insulating layer, wherein:

[0069] The sound absorbing layer comprises a first sound absorbing layer with a thickness of 10 mm and a second sound absorbing layer with a thickness of 20 mm, wherein the first sound absorbing layer is arranged on one side of the second sound absorbing layer, and the porosity of the material of the first sound absorbing layer is 40-45%, and the porosity of the material of the second sound absorbing layer is 50-55%, and the material of the sound absorbing layer comprises: 20 parts of red mud, 20 parts of microsilica powder, 10 parts of mineral powder, 5 parts of polypropylene fiber, 10 parts of sodium silicate, 2 parts of sodium hydroxide, 40 parts of nickel slag, 2 parts of polyacrylamide and 1 part of latex powder;

[0070] A connecting reinforcement layer is also provided between the first sound-absorbing layer and the second sound-absorbing layer. The material of the connecting reinforcement layer includes glass fiber. The connecting reinforcement layer includes a first reinforcement layer and a second reinforcement layer. The first reinforcement layer includes glass fiber rods arranged at intervals. The second reinforcement layer includes a glass fiber mesh cloth. The glass fiber rods have a diameter of 3 mm and an interval of 60 mm. The glass fiber mesh cloth has a size of 5 mm×5 mm.

[0071] The sound insulation layer is arranged on the side of the second sound absorbing layer away from the first sound absorbing layer. The sound insulation layer is provided with a plurality of penetrating cavities in the first direction. The volume of the cavity accounts for 50%, the thickness is 30 mm, the spacing is 100 mm, the size is 30 mm*90 mm, the thickness of the sound insulation layer is 50 mm, and the materials of the sound insulation layer include: 30 parts of cement, 5 parts of mineral powder, 25 parts of red mud, 30 parts of aluminum ore tailings, 10 parts of wood fiber, 5 parts of latex powder, 2 parts of early strength agent, 3 parts of cellulose ether and 5 parts of water reducer.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] Embodiment 2 of the present application provides a noise barrier plate, comprising a sound absorbing layer and a sound insulating layer, wherein:

[0074] The sound absorbing layer comprises a first sound absorbing layer with a thickness of 5 mm and a second sound absorbing layer with a thickness of 25 mm, wherein the first sound absorbing layer is arranged on one side of the second sound absorbing layer, and the porosity of the material of the first sound absorbing layer is 40-45%, and the porosity of the material of the second sound absorbing layer is 50-55%, and the material of the sound absorbing layer comprises: 40 parts of red mud, 25 parts of microsilica powder, 15 parts of mineral powder, 8 parts of polypropylene fiber, 12 parts of sodium silicate, 2.5 parts of sodium hydroxide, 45 parts of nickel slag, 3 parts of polyacrylamide and 1.5 parts of latex powder;

[0075] A connecting reinforcement layer is also provided between the first sound-absorbing layer and the second sound-absorbing layer. The material of the connecting reinforcement layer includes glass fiber. The connecting reinforcement layer includes a first reinforcement layer and a second reinforcement layer. The first reinforcement layer includes glass fiber rods arranged at intervals. The second reinforcement layer includes a glass fiber mesh cloth. The glass fiber rods have a diameter of 4 mm and are spaced 80 mm apart. The glass fiber mesh cloth has a size of 4 mm×4 mm.

[0076] The sound insulation layer is arranged on the side of the second sound absorbing layer away from the first sound absorbing layer. The sound insulation layer is provided with a plurality of penetrating cavities in the first direction. The volume of the cavities accounts for 60%, the thickness is 50 mm, the spacing is 80 mm, the size is 50 mm*70 mm, the thickness of the sound insulation layer is 70 mm, and the materials of the sound insulation layer include: 35 parts of cement, 8 parts of mineral powder, 28 parts of red mud, 32 parts of aluminum ore tailings, 15 parts of wood fiber, 8 parts of latex powder, 3 parts of early strength agent, 4 parts of cellulose ether and 8 parts of water reducing agent.

[0077] Example 3

[0078] Embodiment 3 of the present application provides a noise barrier plate, comprising a sound absorbing layer and a sound insulating layer, wherein:

[0079] The sound absorbing layer comprises a first sound absorbing layer with a thickness of 15 mm and a second sound absorbing layer with a thickness of 15 mm, wherein the first sound absorbing layer is arranged on one side of the second sound absorbing layer, and the porosity of the material of the first sound absorbing layer is 40-45%, and the porosity of the material of the second sound absorbing layer is 50-55%, and the material of the sound absorbing layer comprises: 60 parts of red mud, 30 parts of microsilica powder, 20 parts of mineral powder, 10 parts of polypropylene fiber, 15 parts of sodium silicate, 3 parts of sodium hydroxide, 50 parts of nickel slag, 5 parts of polyacrylamide and 2 parts of latex powder;

[0080] A connecting reinforcement layer is also provided between the first sound-absorbing layer and the second sound-absorbing layer. The material of the connecting reinforcement layer includes glass fiber. The connecting reinforcement layer includes a first reinforcement layer and a second reinforcement layer. The first reinforcement layer includes glass fiber rods arranged at intervals. The second reinforcement layer includes a glass fiber mesh cloth. The glass fiber rods have a diameter of 5 mm and are spaced 100 mm apart. The size of the glass fiber mesh cloth is 3 mm×3 mm.

[0081] The sound insulation layer is arranged on the side of the second sound absorbing layer away from the first sound absorbing layer. The sound insulation layer is provided with a plurality of penetrating cavities in the first direction. The volume of the cavities accounts for 70%, the thickness is 70 mm, the spacing is 60 mm, the size is 70 mm*50 mm, the thickness of the sound insulation layer is 90 mm, and the materials of the sound insulation layer include: 40 parts of cement, 10 parts of mineral powder, 30 parts of red mud, 35 parts of aluminum ore tailings, 20 parts of wood fiber, 10 parts of latex powder, 5 parts of early strength agent, 5 parts of cellulose ether and 10 parts of water reducer.

[0082] Comparative Example 1

[0083] Comparative Example 1 of the present application provides a noise barrier board, including a sound absorbing layer and a sound insulating layer, wherein:

[0084] The sound absorbing layer has a thickness of 30 mm and a porosity of 40-45%. The materials of the sound absorbing layer include: 60 parts of red mud, 30 parts of microsilica powder, 20 parts of mineral powder, 10 parts of polypropylene fiber, 15 parts of sodium silicate, 3 parts of sodium hydroxide, 50 parts of nickel slag, 5 parts of polyacrylamide and 2 parts of latex powder.

[0085] A connecting reinforcement layer is also provided between the first sound-absorbing layer and the second sound-absorbing layer. The material of the connecting reinforcement layer includes glass fiber. The connecting reinforcement layer includes a first reinforcement layer and a second reinforcement layer. The first reinforcement layer includes glass fiber rods arranged at intervals. The second reinforcement layer includes a glass fiber mesh cloth. The glass fiber rods have a diameter of 5 mm and are spaced 100 mm apart. The glass fiber mesh cloth has a size of 5 mm×5 mm.

[0086] The sound insulation layer is arranged on the side of the second sound absorbing layer away from the first sound absorbing layer. The sound insulation layer is provided with a plurality of penetrating cavities in the first direction. The volume of the cavity accounts for 50%, the thickness is 30 mm, the spacing is 100 mm, the size is 30 mm*90 mm, the thickness of the sound insulation layer is 50 mm, and the materials of the sound insulation layer include: 40 parts of cement, 10 parts of mineral powder, 30 parts of red mud, 35 parts of aluminum ore tailings, 20 parts of wood fiber, 10 parts of latex powder, 5 parts of early strength agent, 5 parts of cellulose ether and 10 parts of water reducer.

[0087] Comparative Example 2

[0088] Comparative Example 2 of the present application provides a noise barrier board, including a sound absorbing layer and a sound insulating layer, wherein:

[0089] The sound absorbing layer has a thickness of 30 mm and a porosity of 50-55%. The materials of the sound absorbing layer include: 60 parts of red mud, 30 parts of microsilica powder, 20 parts of mineral powder, 10 parts of polypropylene fiber, 15 parts of sodium silicate, 3 parts of sodium hydroxide, 50 parts of nickel slag, 5 parts of polyacrylamide and 2 parts of latex powder.

[0090] A connecting reinforcement layer is also provided between the first sound-absorbing layer and the second sound-absorbing layer. The material of the connecting reinforcement layer includes glass fiber. The connecting reinforcement layer includes a first reinforcement layer and a second reinforcement layer. The first reinforcement layer includes glass fiber rods arranged at intervals. The second reinforcement layer includes a glass fiber mesh cloth. The glass fiber rods have a diameter of 5 mm and are spaced 100 mm apart. The glass fiber mesh cloth has a size of 5 mm×5 mm.

[0091] The sound insulation layer is arranged on the side of the second sound absorbing layer away from the first sound absorbing layer. The sound insulation layer is provided with a plurality of penetrating cavities in the first direction. The volume of the cavity accounts for 50%, the thickness is 30 mm, the spacing is 100 mm, the size is 30 mm*90 mm, the thickness of the sound insulation layer is 50 mm, and the materials of the sound insulation layer include: 40 parts of cement, 10 parts of mineral powder, 30 parts of red mud, 35 parts of aluminum ore tailings, 20 parts of wood fiber, 10 parts of latex powder, 5 parts of early strength agent, 5 parts of cellulose ether and 10 parts of water reducer.

[0092] Comparative Example 3

[0093] Comparative Example 3 of the present application provides a noise barrier board, including a sound absorbing layer and a sound insulating layer, wherein:

[0094] The sound absorbing layer comprises a first sound absorbing layer with a thickness of 15 mm and a second sound absorbing layer with a thickness of 15 mm, wherein the first sound absorbing layer is arranged on one side of the second sound absorbing layer, and the porosity of the material of the first sound absorbing layer is 50-55%, and the porosity of the material of the second sound absorbing layer is 40-45%, and the material of the sound absorbing layer comprises: 60 parts of red mud, 30 parts of microsilica powder, 20 parts of mineral powder, 10 parts of polypropylene fiber, 15 parts of sodium silicate, 3 parts of sodium hydroxide, 50 parts of nickel slag, 5 parts of polyacrylamide and 2 parts of latex powder;

[0095] A connecting reinforcement layer is also provided between the first sound-absorbing layer and the second sound-absorbing layer. The material of the connecting reinforcement layer includes glass fiber. The connecting reinforcement layer includes a first reinforcement layer and a second reinforcement layer. The first reinforcement layer includes glass fiber rods arranged at intervals. The second reinforcement layer includes a glass fiber mesh cloth. The glass fiber rods have a diameter of 5 mm and are spaced 100 mm apart. The glass fiber mesh cloth has a size of 5 mm×5 mm.

[0096] The sound insulation layer is arranged on the side of the second sound absorbing layer away from the first sound absorbing layer. The sound insulation layer is provided with a plurality of penetrating cavities in the first direction. The volume of the cavity accounts for 50%, the thickness is 30 mm, the spacing is 100 mm, the size is 30 mm*90 mm, the thickness of the sound insulation layer is 50 mm, and the materials of the sound insulation layer include: 40 parts of cement, 10 parts of mineral powder, 30 parts of red mud, 35 parts of aluminum ore tailings, 20 parts of wood fiber, 10 parts of latex powder, 5 parts of early strength agent, 5 parts of cellulose ether and 10 parts of water reducer.

[0097] Performance Testing

[0098] The noise barrier panels of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were subjected to sound insulation test, sound absorption coefficient test, compression / flexural strength test, bending fracture load test, and impact resistance test. The specific test methods are as follows:

[0099] Weighted sound insulation test: carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB / T 19889.3.

[0100] Sound absorption coefficient test: carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB / T 20247.

[0101] Compression / flexural strength test: carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB / T 23451.

[0102] Bending fracture load test: carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB / T 23451.

[0103] Impact resistance test: carried out in accordance with method A in GB / T 14153.

[0104] Table 1 Performance test results of noise barrier panels of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3

[0105]

[0106] As can be seen from Table 1, since the porosity of the sound-absorbing layer in Comparative Example 1 is 40-45%, a single porosity has a significant effect on the noise absorption effect only in the corresponding frequency band, and its weighted sound insulation and noise reduction coefficient are lower than those of the double-layer structure. Since the porosity of the sound-absorbing layer in Comparative Example 2 is 50-55%, a single porosity has a significant effect on the noise absorption effect only in the corresponding frequency band, and its weighted sound insulation and noise reduction coefficient are lower than those of the double-layer structure. Since the porosity of the first sound-absorbing layer in Comparative Example 3 is greater than that of the second sound-absorbing layer, it is not easy for the sound to enter the second layer with a smaller porosity after being absorbed by the first layer with a larger porosity, resulting in a decrease in its overall sound absorption efficiency. Since two layers of sound-absorbing layers are provided in Examples 1 to 3, and the porosity of the first sound-absorbing layer is less than that of the second sound-absorbing layer, the sound insulation and sound absorption coefficient of the noise barrier board can be improved.

[0107] In summary, the sound-absorbing layer can effectively absorb and absorb traffic noise, the sound-insulating layer can block the propagation of noise, and the cavity setting can improve the cavity resonance effect and hinder the propagation of noise. The porosity of the material of the first sound-absorbing layer is less than the porosity of the material of the second sound-absorbing layer, which can reduce the weight of the entire sound-absorbing layer and improve the absorption of high-frequency noise. The second sound-absorbing layer with large porosity can first scatter and reflect low-frequency sound waves, so that part of the low-frequency energy is initially dissipated. The first sound-absorbing layer with small porosity can better capture the remaining sound waves after preliminary processing, especially the high-frequency part, and absorb sound through the gaps between particles and the vibration of the particles themselves, so that both high-frequency noise and low-frequency noise can be fully absorbed, improving the sound insulation effect.

[0108] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment / method", "some embodiments / methods", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment / method or example are included in at least one embodiment / method or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment / method or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments / methods or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments / methods or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments / methods or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0109] It should be noted that, in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or equipment. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise one..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or equipment including the elements. In the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically stipulated.

[0110] The above description is only a specific implementation of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features applied for herein.

Claims

1. A noise barrier plate, characterized in that: It includes a sound absorbing layer and a sound insulating layer, wherein: The sound absorbing layer comprises a first sound absorbing layer and a second sound absorbing layer, the first sound absorbing layer is arranged on one side of the second sound absorbing layer, and the porosity of the material of the first sound absorbing layer is smaller than the porosity of the material of the second sound absorbing layer; The sound insulation layer is arranged on a side of the second sound absorbing layer away from the first sound absorbing layer, and the sound insulation layer is provided with a plurality of penetrating cavities in a first direction.

2. The noise barrier plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porosity of the first sound-absorbing layer is 40-45%; and / or, The porosity of the second sound absorbing layer is 50-55%.

3. The noise barrier plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The materials of the sound-absorbing layer include red mud, microsilica powder, mineral powder, polypropylene fiber, sodium silicate, sodium hydroxide, nickel slag, polyacrylamide and latex powder.

4. The noise barrier plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: Calculated by mass, the materials of the sound absorbing layer include 20-60 parts of red mud, 20-30 parts of microsilica powder, 10-20 parts of mineral powder, 5-10 parts of polypropylene fiber, 10-15 parts of sodium silicate, 2-3 parts of sodium hydroxide, 40-50 parts of nickel slag, 2-5 parts of polyacrylamide and 1-2 parts of latex powder.

5. The noise barrier plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The materials of the sound insulation layer include: cement, mineral powder, red mud, aluminum ore tailings, wood fiber, latex powder, early strength agent, cellulose ether and water reducing agent.

6. The noise barrier panel according to claim 5, characterized in that: Calculated by mass, the materials of the sound insulation layer include: 30-40 parts of cement, 5-10 parts of mineral powder, 25-30 parts of red mud, 30-35 parts of aluminum ore tailings, 10-20 parts of wood fiber, 5-10 parts of latex powder, 2-5 parts of early strength agent, 3-5 parts of cellulose ether and 5-10 parts of water reducing agent.

7. The noise barrier plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the first sound absorbing layer is smaller than the thickness of the second sound absorbing layer; and / or, The thickness of the first sound absorbing layer is 5 to 15 mm; and / or, The thickness of the second sound absorbing layer is 15 to 25 mm; and / or, The thickness of the sound insulation layer is 50 to 90 mm; and / or, The thickness of the cavity is 30-70 mm.

8. The noise barrier panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connection reinforcement layer is also provided between the first sound absorbing layer and the second sound absorbing layer.

9. The noise barrier panel according to claim 8, characterized in that: The material of the connecting reinforcement layer includes glass fiber, and the connecting reinforcement layer includes a first reinforcement layer and a second reinforcement layer, wherein the first reinforcement layer includes glass fiber rods arranged at intervals, and the second reinforcement layer includes glass fiber mesh cloth.

10. The noise barrier plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing between the cavities is 60 to 100 mm; and / or, The volume of the cavity on the sound insulation layer accounts for 50% to 70%.

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