Low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system and method, and relates to the technical field of air aerodynamic characteristic measurement, in particular to the low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system and method. In order to realize the design that an atmospheric parameter measuring system is more miniaturized and lighter and can sample at a high speed and calculate in real time, the invention provides the following scheme: a differential pressure sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, a circuit board and a shell are provided; the differential pressure sensor is welded on a corresponding mounting interface of the circuit board; the atmospheric pressure sensor is welded to a corresponding mounting interface of the circuit board; the housing encapsulates and protects the circuit board. The method not only can be used for real-time flight performance evaluation and feedback circulation of a control system, but also can be used for optimizing aerodynamic design of aircrafts, verifying accuracy of wind tunnel test results and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of air aerodynamic characteristic measurement, and in particular to a low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system and method. Background Art

[0002] In modern aviation engineering, the technical background of air aerodynamic characteristics measurement is based on the long-standing and increasingly mature airflow measurement principle. With the development of sensor materials and designs, as well as the rapid progress of electronic technology and computer science, modern aerodynamic parameter measurement can provide accurate and stable measurement data in harsh flight environments.

[0003] Early pneumatic measurements usually relied on simpler mechanical devices, such as pitot tubes and static pressure holes, but now pneumatic probe technology has integrated a variety of sensors, such as piezoelectric sensors, thermocouples and velocity sensors, as well as advanced data acquisition systems. These technologies play a key role in modern aerospace engineering, providing important data support for aircraft design and performance optimization.

[0004] However, when performing flight measurement and control, higher reliability, more compact structure and wider environmental adaptability are required, which puts higher requirements on aerodynamic measurement technology. It is still a challenge for existing technologies to achieve smaller and lighter weight while ensuring high precision and capable of high-speed sampling and real-time solution. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to realize a more miniaturized and lightweight design of the atmospheric parameter measurement system, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] A low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system, the system comprising: a differential pressure sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, a circuit board and a housing;

[0007] The differential pressure sensor is welded to a corresponding mounting interface of the circuit board;

[0008] The atmospheric pressure sensor is welded to a corresponding mounting interface of the circuit board;

[0009] The housing encapsulates a protective circuit board;

[0010] The circuit board includes: a main control chip, a pressure difference sensor interface circuit, an atmospheric pressure sensor interface circuit, a communication serial port circuit, an external flash circuit, an ISP interface circuit and a debugging interface circuit;

[0011] The differential pressure sensor interface circuit is used to convert the differential pressure data collected by the differential pressure sensor into a differential pressure digital signal, and send the differential pressure digital signal to the main control chip;

[0012] The atmospheric pressure sensor interface circuit is used to convert the atmospheric pressure data collected by the atmospheric pressure sensor into an atmospheric pressure digital signal, and send the atmospheric pressure digital signal to the main control chip;

[0013] The main control chip is used to process the pressure difference digital signal and the atmospheric pressure digital signal to obtain angle of attack, sideslip angle, dynamic pressure, static pressure and airspeed data;

[0014] The communication serial port circuit is used to realize data transmission between the main control chip and external equipment;

[0015] The external flash circuit is used to store data required for the operation of the main control chip;

[0016] The ISP interface circuit is used to download programs to the main control chip;

[0017] The debugging interface circuit is used to perform performance analysis on the main control chip.

[0018] Furthermore, the circuit board also includes a linear voltage stabilization circuit;

[0019] The linear voltage stabilization circuit is used to stabilize the voltage of the circuit board.

[0020] Furthermore, the measurement system further comprises: a communication interface, a power supply interface and a sensor measurement interface;

[0021] The communication interface, the power interface and the sensor measurement interface are all installed on the housing.

[0022] Furthermore, the circuit board also includes: a reset circuit, a crystal oscillator circuit, a filter voltage stabilization circuit and an indicator light circuit;

[0023] The reset circuit is used to control the main control chip to perform initialization and reset operations;

[0024] The crystal oscillator circuit is used to provide a clock signal to the main control chip;

[0025] The filtering and voltage stabilizing circuit is used to perform power filtering and voltage stabilization processing on the main control chip;

[0026] The indicator light circuit is used to display the status of the main control chip.

[0027] Furthermore, the length of the shell is less than 120 mm, the width is less than 50 mm, and the thickness is less than 30 mm.

[0028] Furthermore, the differential pressure sensor is provided with 10 channels, and the atmospheric pressure sensor is provided with 1 channel.

[0029] Furthermore, there are 10 differential pressure sensor interface circuits and 1 atmospheric pressure sensor interface circuit.

[0030] Further, a low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement method, the method comprising:

[0031] S1, the low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system is powered on, and the main control chip reads the data of the external flash circuit to initialize the system;

[0032] S2, the low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system enters a waiting state, waiting for external control instructions;

[0033] S3, the low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system receives an external control instruction through the communication serial port circuit;

[0034] S4, the main control chip performs corresponding operations according to the external control instruction;

[0035] S5, the main control chip receives the pressure difference digital signal and the atmospheric pressure digital signal, and performs filtering processing;

[0036] S6, the main control chip performs calculation on the pressure difference digital signal and the atmospheric pressure digital signal to obtain angle of attack, sideslip angle, dynamic pressure, static pressure and airspeed data;

[0037] S7, the main control chip uploads the angle of attack, sideslip angle, dynamic pressure, static pressure and airspeed data to the flight control system through the communication serial port circuit;

[0038] S8, if the main control chip receives an external stop command, it returns to S2; otherwise, it returns to S4.

[0039] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention can be a device for collecting the direction and speed of airflow, and has the ability to collect 10 pressure difference signals and 1 atmospheric pressure signal, and has the characteristics of small size, light weight, fast sampling and real-time solution, and the data collection frequency reaches 500Hz, and the solution frequency reaches 100Hz. The parameter information such as angle of attack, sideslip angle, dynamic pressure, static pressure, airspeed, etc. output after solution is used to provide relevant flight parameters to the flight control system in real time. The present invention can be used for airflow measurement of aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles and wind tunnel tests, etc., to capture the airflow characteristics around or on the surface of the fuselage, and can be used not only for real-time flight performance evaluation and feedback loop of the control system, but also for optimizing the aerodynamic design of aircraft and verifying the accuracy of wind tunnel test results.

[0040] The present invention integrates 10 differential pressure sensors and 1 atmospheric pressure sensor on a circuit board, making the structure compact and small in size. The circuit board is packaged in a metal shell, which not only provides higher system rigidity to protect the circuit board but also plays a certain electromagnetic isolation and shielding role.

[0041] The present invention relates to airflow measurement devices and systems for aircraft, UAVs, and wind tunnel tests, etc., focusing on capturing the airflow characteristics around or on the surface of the fuselage, including parameters such as speed, pressure, and temperature. These technologies are not only essential for real-time flight performance evaluation, feedback loops of control systems, and safe flight, but are also indispensable for optimizing the aerodynamic design of aircraft and the accuracy of wind tunnel test results. Air aerodynamic characteristics measurement technology is an important branch of aeronautical engineering, integrating knowledge and technology from many disciplines such as mechanical design, fluid mechanics, sensor technology, and signal processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 This is the overall schematic diagram of the low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system;

[0043] Figure 2 It is the circuit diagram of the low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system;

[0044] Figure 3 PCB design diagram for low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system (top layer);

[0045] Figure 4 PCB design diagram for low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system (bottom layer);

[0046] Figure 5 Design drawing for the housing of the low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system;

[0047] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the embedded program architecture for the low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system;

[0048] Figure numerals: differential pressure sensor 1, atmospheric pressure sensor 2, circuit board 3, housing 4, main control chip 31, differential pressure sensor interface circuit 32, atmospheric pressure sensor interface circuit 33, communication serial port circuit 34, external flash circuit 35, linear voltage regulator circuit 36, ISP interface circuit 37, debugging interface circuit 38, reset circuit 311, crystal oscillator circuit 312, filter voltage regulator circuit 313, indicator light circuit 314, communication interface 41, power supply interface 42, sensor measurement interface 43. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] Example 1: Combination Figure 1-5 This embodiment is described as a low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system, the system comprising: a differential pressure sensor 1, an atmospheric pressure sensor 2, a circuit board 3 and a housing 4;

[0050] The differential pressure sensor 1 is welded to a corresponding mounting interface of the circuit board 3;

[0051] The atmospheric pressure sensor 2 is welded to the corresponding mounting interface of the circuit board 3;

[0052] The housing 4 encapsulates the protection circuit board 3;

[0053] Specifically, the overall structure of the low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system is as follows: Figure 1 shown.

[0054] The circuit board 3 includes: a main control chip 31, a pressure difference sensor interface circuit 32, an atmospheric pressure sensor interface circuit 33, a communication serial port circuit 34, an external flash circuit 35, an ISP interface circuit 37 and a debugging interface circuit 38;

[0055] The differential pressure sensor interface circuit 32 is used to convert the differential pressure data collected by the differential pressure sensor 1 into a differential pressure digital signal, and send the differential pressure digital signal to the main control chip 31;

[0056] The atmospheric pressure sensor interface circuit 33 is used to convert the atmospheric pressure data collected by the atmospheric pressure sensor 2 into an atmospheric pressure digital signal, and send the atmospheric pressure digital signal to the main control chip 31;

[0057] The main control chip 31 is used to process the pressure difference digital signal and the atmospheric pressure digital signal to obtain angle of attack, sideslip angle, dynamic pressure, static pressure and airspeed data;

[0058] The communication serial port circuit 34 is used to realize data transmission between the main control chip 31 and external devices;

[0059] The external flash circuit 35 is used to store data required for the operation of the main control chip 31;

[0060] The ISP interface circuit 37 is used to download programs to the main control chip 31;

[0061] The debugging interface circuit 38 is used to perform performance analysis on the main control chip 31 .

[0062] The circuit board 3 also includes a linear voltage stabilization circuit 36;

[0063] The linear voltage stabilization circuit 36 ​​is used to stabilize the voltage of the circuit board 3 .

[0064] Specifically, through Figure 2 It can be understood that the composition of the circuit schematic diagram of the present invention is Figure 3 and Figure 4 You can understand the layout of each component of the PCB board designed based on this schematic.

[0065] The differential pressure sensor interface circuit 32 and the atmospheric pressure sensor interface circuit 33 are connected to the SPI bus and the main control chip, and the SPI bus protocol is used to control each sensor. The external flash circuit 35 and the main control chip share an exclusive SPI bus to achieve high-speed data exchange with the flash storage chip. The communication serial port circuit 34 is connected to the serial port bus of the main control chip, and the communication serial port circuit 34 is driven by the serial port bus to transmit commands and data to the outside.

[0066] The program downloaded by the ISP interface circuit 37 is a conventional technical means in this field.

[0067] The measurement system further includes: a communication interface 41, a power interface 42 and a sensor measurement interface 43;

[0068] The communication interface 41 , the power interface 42 and the sensor measurement interface 43 are all installed on the housing 4 .

[0069] In order to ensure the normal operation of the main control chip 31 and solve unexpected faults, the circuit board 3 also includes: a reset circuit 311, a crystal oscillator circuit 312, a filter voltage stabilization circuit 313 and an indicator light circuit 314;

[0070] The reset circuit 311 is used to control the main control chip 31 to perform initialization and reset operations;

[0071] The crystal oscillator circuit 312 is used to provide a clock signal to the main control chip 31;

[0072] The filtering and voltage stabilizing circuit 313 is used to perform power filtering and voltage stabilization processing on the main control chip 31;

[0073] The indicator light circuit 314 is used to display the status of the main control chip 31 .

[0074] Specifically, the indicator light circuit 314 indicates the system power-on and program execution status by flashing LED lights of different colors.

[0075] like Figure 5 As shown, the shell design of the low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system adopts a separated shell design, with only two upper and lower sub-shells having high rigidity, while leaving communication interfaces, power interfaces and sensor measurement interfaces, and the overall outer envelope is less than 120mm*50mm*30mm.

[0076] The differential pressure sensor 1 has 10 channels, and the atmospheric pressure sensor 2 has 1 channel.

[0077] There are 10 differential pressure sensor interface circuits 32 and 1 atmospheric pressure sensor interface circuit 33 .

[0078] Embodiment 2 provides a measurement method based on the above-mentioned low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system, the method comprising:

[0079] S1, the low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system is powered on, the main control chip 31 reads the data of the external flash circuit 35, and performs system initialization;

[0080] S2, the low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system enters a waiting state, waiting for external control instructions;

[0081] S3, the low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system receives an external control instruction through the communication serial port circuit 34;

[0082] S4, the main control chip 31 performs corresponding operations according to the external control instructions;

[0083] S5, the main control chip 31 receives the pressure difference digital signal and the atmospheric pressure digital signal, and performs filtering processing;

[0084] S6, the main control chip 31 performs calculation on the pressure difference digital signal and the atmospheric pressure digital signal to obtain angle of attack, sideslip angle, dynamic pressure, static pressure and airspeed data;

[0085] S7, the main control chip 31 uploads the angle of attack, sideslip angle, dynamic pressure, static pressure and airspeed data to the flight control system through the communication serial port circuit 34;

[0086] S8, if the main control chip 31 receives an external stop command, it returns to S2; otherwise, it returns to S4.

[0087] Specifically, Figure 6 As shown, the calibration and correction parameters of the sensor and the data obtained by the solution are stored in the external flash circuit 35. When the system is running, the SPI bus protocol is used to enable the sensor, the main control chip 31 and the external flash circuit 35 to exchange data and commands, the timer interrupt method is used to control the sensor data sampling cycle, the DMA+serial port method is used to realize data transmission to the outside to save CPU time, and the external control instruction controls the main control chip 31 through the serial port interrupt method.

[0088] For the low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system described in the present invention, the 10 differential pressure sensors and the 1 atmospheric pressure sensor can be configured and used in any number to meet different needs and then calculate the required relevant flight parameters. Taking the most common airspeed measurement as an example, only one differential pressure sensor is needed to measure the pressure difference ΔP between the inner tube and the outer tube, and then the airspeed is calculated using the following formula:

[0089]

[0090] Where ρ is the atmospheric density.

[0091] Although the present invention has been described according to a limited number of embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art, with the benefit of the above description, that other embodiments may be envisioned within the scope of the invention thus described. In addition, it should be noted that the language used in this specification is selected primarily for readability and didactic purposes, rather than for explaining or defining the subject matter of the present invention. Therefore, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the appended claims. The disclosure of the present invention is illustrative, not restrictive, with respect to the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system, characterized in that: The system comprises: a differential pressure sensor (1), an atmospheric pressure sensor (2), a circuit board (3) and a housing (4); The differential pressure sensor (1) is welded to a corresponding mounting interface of the circuit board (3); The atmospheric pressure sensor (2) is welded to a corresponding mounting interface of the circuit board (3); The housing (4) encapsulates the protective circuit board (3); The circuit board (3) comprises: a main control chip (31), a pressure difference sensor interface circuit (32), an atmospheric pressure sensor interface circuit (33), a communication serial port circuit (34), an external flash circuit (35), an ISP interface circuit (37) and a debugging interface circuit (38); The differential pressure sensor interface circuit (32) is used to convert the differential pressure data collected by the differential pressure sensor (1) into a differential pressure digital signal, and send the differential pressure digital signal to the main control chip (31); The atmospheric pressure sensor interface circuit (33) is used to convert the atmospheric pressure data collected by the atmospheric pressure sensor (2) into an atmospheric pressure digital signal, and send the atmospheric pressure digital signal to the main control chip (31); The main control chip (31) is used to process the pressure difference digital signal and the atmospheric pressure digital signal to obtain angle of attack, sideslip angle, dynamic pressure, static pressure and airspeed data; The communication serial port circuit (34) is used to realize data transmission between the main control chip (31) and an external device; The external flash circuit (35) is used to store data required for the operation of the main control chip (31); The ISP interface circuit (37) is used to download programs to the main control chip (31); The debugging interface circuit (38) is used to perform performance analysis on the main control chip (31).

2. A low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit board (3) further comprises a linear voltage stabilization circuit (36); The linear voltage stabilization circuit (36) is used to stabilize the voltage of the circuit board (3).

3. A low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measurement system further comprises: a communication interface (41), a power supply interface (42) and a sensor measurement interface (43); The communication interface (41), the power interface (42) and the sensor measurement interface (43) are all mounted on the housing (4).

4. A low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit board (3) further comprises: a reset circuit (311), a crystal oscillator circuit (312), a filtering and voltage stabilizing circuit (313) and an indication signal light circuit (314); The reset circuit (311) is used to control the main control chip (31) to perform initialization and reset operations; The crystal oscillator circuit (312) is used to provide a clock signal to the main control chip (31); The filtering and voltage stabilizing circuit (313) is used to perform power filtering and voltage stabilization processing on the main control chip (31); The indicator light circuit (314) is used to display the state of the main control chip (31).

5. A low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (4) has a length of less than 120 mm, a width of less than 50 mm, and a thickness of less than 30 mm.

6. A low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The differential pressure sensor (1) has 10 channels, and the atmospheric pressure sensor (2) has 1 channel.

7. A low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are 10 differential pressure sensor interface circuits (32) and one atmospheric pressure sensor interface circuit (33).

8. The measurement method of a low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The method comprises: S1, the low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system is powered on, the main control chip (31) reads data from the external flash circuit (35), and performs system initialization; S2, the low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system enters a waiting state, waiting for external control instructions; S3, the low-interference atmospheric parameter measurement system receives an external control instruction through the communication serial port circuit (34); S4, the main control chip (31) performs corresponding operations according to the external control instruction; S5, the main control chip (31) receives the pressure difference digital signal and the atmospheric pressure digital signal, and performs filtering processing; S6, the main control chip (31) performs calculation on the pressure difference digital signal and the atmospheric pressure digital signal to obtain angle of attack, sideslip angle, dynamic pressure, static pressure and airspeed data; S7, the main control chip (31) uploads the angle of attack, sideslip angle, dynamic pressure, static pressure and airspeed data to the flight control system through the communication serial port circuit (34); S8, if the main control chip (31) receives an external stop command, it returns to S2; otherwise, it returns to S4.

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