Hydrogen flow channel and steam-water separation function integrated structure of double-stack fuel cell

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a double-stack fuel cell hydrogen flow channel and steam-water separation function integrated structure which comprises a shell, an air inlet mixing flow channel, an air outlet flow channel, a separation cavity, an upper-stack hydrogen inlet, a lower-stack hydrogen inlet, an upper-stack hydrogen outlet, a lower-stack hydrogen outlet and a lower-stack hydrogen outlet, wherein the air inlet mixing flow channel, the air outlet flow channel and the separation cavity are arranged in the shell; the front end of the lower reactor hydrogen inlet is communicated with the gas inlet mixing flow channel, the top end of the drain valve connector is communicated with the separation cavity, the bottom end of the hydrogen outlet is communicated with the gas outlet flow channel, the bottom ends of the gas inlet mixing flow channel and the gas outlet flow channel are communicated with the separation cavity, and the gas inlet mixing flow channel, the gas outlet flow channel and the separation cavity are arranged in a Y shape; according to the invention, sealing interfaces on the double-stack fuel cell shell can be reduced, the risk of hydrogen leakage is reduced, and the double-stack fuel cell shell has the advantages of higher integration level and lower manufacturing cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a dual-stack fuel cell hydrogen flow channel and steam-water separation function integrated structure. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, in the fuel dual-stack structure of the fuel cell system, the hydrogen outlet 8 flow channel needs to be designed with two joint structures respectively or other structures are designed separately, and then connected through pipelines, etc., resulting in a large flow resistance in the flow channel, and an external steam-water separator is required for use, resulting in more sealing interfaces on the dual-stack fuel cell casing, which not only has the risk of hydrogen leakage, but also has defects such as low integration and high battery manufacturing cost. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above-mentioned deficiencies and provide an integrated structure of hydrogen flow ducts and steam-water separation functions for a dual-stack fuel cell, which can reduce the sealing interfaces on the dual-stack fuel cell casing, thereby not only reducing the risk of hydrogen leakage, but also having the advantages of higher integration and lower manufacturing cost.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A dual-stack fuel cell hydrogen flow channel and steam-water separation function integrated structure, comprising a shell, an intake mixing flow channel, an outlet flow channel and a separation chamber arranged in the shell, the bottom end of which is connected to the upper stack hydrogen inlet at the top of the intake mixing flow channel, the front end of which is connected to the lower stack hydrogen inlet of the intake mixing flow channel, the top end of which is connected to the drain valve interface of the separation chamber, and the bottom end of which is connected to the hydrogen outlet of the outlet flow channel, the bottom ends of the intake mixing flow channel and the outlet flow channel are both connected to the separation chamber, and the intake mixing flow channel, the outlet flow channel and the separation chamber are arranged in a "Y" shape.

[0006] Furthermore, the intake mixing flow channel includes an intake mixing chamber, the bottom end of which is connected to the upper hydrogen intake chamber of the intake mixing chamber, and the top end is connected to the confluence chamber of the intake mixing chamber, the bottom end of the upper hydrogen inlet is connected to the upper hydrogen intake chamber, the front end of the lower hydrogen inlet is connected to the intake mixing chamber, and the bottom end of the confluence chamber is connected to the separation chamber.

[0007] Furthermore, a baffle plate 1 is obliquely arranged in the upper stack hydrogen inlet chamber, the outlet end of the upper stack hydrogen inlet is directly opposite to the baffle plate 1 and is arranged close to the top end of the baffle plate 1, and the lowest end of the baffle plate 1 is inclined toward the intake mixing chamber.

[0008] Furthermore, a baffle plate 2 is obliquely arranged between the air intake mixing chamber and the confluence chamber, and the lowest end of the baffle plate 2 is inclined toward the confluence chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, an arc-shaped guide plate three is provided in the confluence chamber, the upper arc end of the guide plate three faces the intake mixing chamber, and the lower arc end of the guide plate three points to the separation chamber. The guide plate three divides the confluence chamber into a loss reduction zone and a separation zone from top to bottom, and the upper stack hydrogen intake chamber, the intake mixing chamber and the loss reduction zone are in an "S" shape.

[0010] Furthermore, a water baffle is horizontally fixed in the separation chamber, and the water baffle divides the separation chamber into a gas zone and a liquid zone from top to bottom. The water baffle is provided with a plurality of liquid holes connecting the gas zone and the liquid zone. The bottom end of the intake mixing flow channel and the bottom end of the outlet flow channel are both connected to the gas zone, and the drain valve interface is connected to the liquid zone.

[0011] Furthermore, the outlet flow channel includes a straight flow channel and an arc-shaped flow channel, the bottom end of the straight flow channel is connected to the top of the arc-shaped flow channel, the lowest end of the arc-shaped flow channel is connected to the separation chamber, the hydrogen outlet is arranged at the top of the straight flow channel, and a humidity sensor interface is arranged on the right side wall of the straight flow channel, and the humidity sensor interface is used to install a humidity sensor.

[0012] Furthermore, an inclined surface with a bottom end inclined to the right is provided on the left side wall of the direct current channel, and the bottom end of the inclined surface extends to directly below the hydrogen outlet.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] In actual application, when in use, the upper stack hydrogen is fed into the intake mixing flow channel through the upper stack hydrogen inlet, and the lower stack hydrogen is fed into the intake mixing flow channel through the lower stack hydrogen inlet. The upper stack hydrogen and the lower stack hydrogen are mixed in the process of flowing downward in the intake mixing flow channel, and the liquid and gas in the mixed gas are separated by the separation chamber. The separated liquid is discharged from the drain valve interface, and the separated gas is discharged from the hydrogen outlet. The present invention can reduce the sealing interface on the housing of the dual-stack fuel cell, which not only reduces the risk of hydrogen leakage, but also has the advantages of higher integration and lower manufacturing cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the interior of the housing from a first perspective in the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second viewing angle of the interior of the housing in the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a front view of the interior of the housing in the present invention;

[0019] Figure numerals: outer shell 1; air intake mixing flow channel 2; air intake mixing chamber 21; upper stack hydrogen intake chamber 22; confluence chamber 23; reduction zone 231; separation zone 232; baffle one 24; baffle two 25; guide plate three 26; outlet flow channel 3; straight flow channel 31; inclined surface 311; arc-shaped flow channel 32; humidity sensor interface 33; separation chamber 4; water baffle 41; liquid hole 411; gas area 42; liquid area 43; upper stack hydrogen inlet 5; lower stack hydrogen inlet 6; drain valve interface 7; hydrogen outlet 8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art may think of other obvious variations.

[0021] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a dual-stack fuel cell hydrogen flow channel and steam-water separation function integrated structure includes an outer shell 1, an intake mixing flow channel 2, an outlet flow channel 3 and a separation chamber 4 arranged in the outer shell 1, the bottom end is connected to the upper stack hydrogen inlet 5 at the top of the intake mixing flow channel 2, the front end is connected to the lower stack hydrogen inlet 6 of the intake mixing flow channel 2, the top end is connected to the drain valve interface 7 of the separation chamber 4, and the bottom end is connected to the hydrogen outlet 8 of the outlet flow channel 3, the bottom ends of the intake mixing flow channel 2 and the outlet flow channel 3 are both connected to the separation chamber 4, and the intake mixing flow channel 2, the outlet flow channel 3 and the separation chamber 4 are arranged in a "Y" shape.

[0022] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the intake mixing flow channel 2 includes an intake mixing chamber 21, the bottom end of which is connected to the upper hydrogen intake chamber 22 of the intake mixing chamber 21, and the top end is connected to the confluence chamber 23 of the intake mixing chamber 21, the bottom end of the upper hydrogen inlet 5 is connected to the upper hydrogen intake chamber 22, the front end of the lower hydrogen inlet 6 is connected to the intake mixing chamber 21, and the bottom end of the confluence chamber 23 is connected to the separation chamber 4; in this embodiment, the upper hydrogen enters the upper hydrogen intake chamber 22 in the intake mixing flow channel 2 from the upper hydrogen inlet 5, and the lower hydrogen enters the intake mixing chamber 21 in the intake mixing flow channel 2 from the lower hydrogen inlet 6, and then flows into the separation chamber 4 through the confluence chamber 23.

[0023] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a baffle 24 is obliquely arranged in the upper hydrogen inlet chamber 22, the outlet end of the upper hydrogen inlet 5 is directly opposite to the baffle 24 and is arranged close to the top of the baffle 24, and the lowest end of the baffle 24 is inclined toward the intake mixing chamber 21; in this embodiment, the inclined baffle 24 can not only gather and separate the droplets in the upper hydrogen, but also make the flow velocity direction of the upper hydrogen consistent with the inclination direction of the baffle 24 when the upper hydrogen passes through the baffle 24, and the flow resistance loss is small.

[0024] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a baffle plate 25 is obliquely arranged between the intake mixing chamber 21 and the confluence chamber 23, and the lowest end of the baffle plate 25 is inclined toward the confluence chamber 23; in this embodiment, the obliquely arranged baffle plate 25 can gather small droplets in the lower pile hydrogen and the upper pile hydrogen, and can also gather the small droplets into small water droplets, thereby achieving the function of steam-water separation with small pressure loss.

[0025] like Figure 1-4 As shown, an arc-shaped guide plate three 26 is arranged in the confluence chamber 23, the upper arc end of the guide plate three 26 faces the intake mixing chamber 21, and the lower arc end of the guide plate three 26 points to the separation chamber 4, and the guide plate three 26 divides the confluence chamber 23 into a loss reduction zone 231 and a separation zone 232 from top to bottom, and the upper stack hydrogen intake chamber 22, the intake mixing chamber 21 and the loss reduction zone 231 are in an "S" shape; in this embodiment, the "S"-shaped and arc-shaped guide plate three 26 between the upper stack hydrogen intake chamber 22, the intake mixing chamber 21 and the loss reduction zone 231 can effectively reduce the flow resistance of hydrogen when flowing in the flow channel.

[0026] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a water baffle 41 is horizontally fixed in the separation chamber 4, and the water baffle 41 divides the separation chamber 4 into a gas zone 42 and a liquid zone 43 from top to bottom. The water baffle 41 is provided with a plurality of liquid holes 411 connecting the gas zone 42 and the liquid zone 43. The bottom end of the intake mixing flow channel 2 and the bottom end of the outlet flow channel 3 are both connected to the gas zone 42, and the drain valve interface 7 is connected to the liquid zone 43. In this embodiment, when the mixed gas and water droplets enter the gas zone 42, the water droplets pass through the liquid holes 411 into the liquid zone 43 and are discharged from the drain valve interface 7, and the hydrogen is discharged through the outlet flow channel 3.

[0027] like Figure 1-4As shown, the outlet flow channel 3 includes a direct flow channel 31 and an arc-shaped flow channel 32, the bottom end of the direct flow channel 31 is connected to the top of the arc-shaped flow channel 32, the lowest end of the arc-shaped flow channel 32 is connected to the separation chamber 4, the hydrogen outlet 8 is arranged at the top of the direct flow channel 31, and a humidity sensor interface 33 is arranged on the right side wall of the direct flow channel 31, and the humidity sensor interface 33 is used to install a humidity sensor; in this embodiment, by forming a certain angle between the gas flow direction and the arc-shaped flow channel 32, the direction of the fluid can be changed. After the direction of the fluid is changed, the fluid produces a certain intensity of mixing, and the gas that is not separated cleanly or the tiny liquid separated by cooling forms large droplets, which flow back to the separation chamber 4 under the action of gravity, and the gas compression is also small. In addition, the vehicle is prone to bumps during driving, and the liquid is stirred up in the separation chamber 4. The arc-shaped flow channel 32 with a curved structure can prevent the droplets from being stirred up and prevent them from being carried away by the liquid high-speed gas; the liquid content in the gas can be monitored by the humidity sensor.

[0028] like Figure 1-4 As shown, an inclined surface 311 with a bottom end inclined to the right is provided on the left side wall of the direct current channel 31, and the bottom end of the inclined surface 311 extends to directly below the hydrogen outlet 8; in this embodiment, the inclined surface 311 can further block the liquid to prevent the liquid from being carried away by the high-speed gas.

[0029] Working principle: The upper hydrogen enters the upper hydrogen inlet chamber 22 from the upper hydrogen inlet 5, and the kinetic energy is converted into pressure energy. The flow rate of the upper hydrogen decreases and the pressure increases. Since the upper hydrogen is saturated gas with droplets, when the droplets flow through baffle 1 24, they are accumulated and separated by baffle 1 24. The separated upper hydrogen and droplets enter the intake mixing chamber 21 together. At this time, the lower hydrogen enters the intake mixing chamber 21 through the lower hydrogen inlet 6, and mixes with the upper hydrogen to form a mixed gas during the flow process. The pressure tends to be stable. When the mixed gas and droplets enter the confluence chamber 23 along baffle 2 25, the small droplets accumulate through baffle 25 to form water droplets. Since the angle of baffle 25 is consistent with the flow direction of hydrogen While achieving the function of steam-water separation, the pressure loss is small. When the mixed gas passes through the baffle three, the mixed gas and water droplets are separated again when they enter the separation chamber 4 along the baffle three. At this time, the liquid in the gas is basically completely separated. The arc-shaped baffle three can effectively reduce the flow resistance of hydrogen when it flows in the flow channel. When the mixed gas and water droplets enter the gas area 42, the water droplets pass through the liquid hole 411 into the liquid area 43 and are discharged from the drain valve interface 7. The hydrogen enters the outlet flow channel 3 and is discharged from the hydrogen outlet 8. The present invention can integrate the two hydrogen outlet flow channels 8 and reduce the sealing interface on the dual-stack fuel cell housing 1, which not only reduces the risk of hydrogen leakage, but also has the advantages of higher integration and lower manufacturing cost.

[0030] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways without departing from the scope defined by the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-stack fuel cell hydrogen flow channel and steam-water separation function integrated structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell (1), an intake mixing flow channel (2), an outlet flow channel (3) and a separation chamber (4) arranged in the shell (1); the bottom end is connected to an upper hydrogen inlet (5) at the top of the intake mixing flow channel (2); the front end is connected to a lower hydrogen inlet (6) of the intake mixing flow channel (2); the top end is connected to a drain valve interface (7) of the separation chamber (4); and the bottom end is connected to a hydrogen outlet (8) of the outlet flow channel (3); the bottom ends of the intake mixing flow channel (2) and the outlet flow channel (3) are both connected to the separation chamber (4); and the intake mixing flow channel (2), the outlet flow channel (3) and the separation chamber (4) are arranged in a "Y" shape.

2. A dual-stack fuel cell hydrogen flow channel and steam-water separation function integrated structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intake mixing flow channel (2) comprises an intake mixing chamber (21), the bottom end of which is connected to an upper hydrogen intake chamber (22) of the intake mixing chamber (21), and the top end of which is connected to a confluence chamber (23) of the intake mixing chamber (21); the bottom end of the upper hydrogen inlet (5) is connected to the upper hydrogen intake chamber (22), the front end of the lower hydrogen inlet (6) is connected to the intake mixing chamber (21), and the bottom end of the confluence chamber (23) is connected to the separation chamber (4).

3. A dual-stack fuel cell hydrogen flow channel and steam-water separation function integrated structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A baffle plate 1 (24) is obliquely arranged in the upper hydrogen inlet chamber (22); the outlet end of the upper hydrogen inlet (5) is directly opposite to the baffle plate 1 (24) and is arranged close to the top end of the baffle plate 1 (24); and the lowest end of the baffle plate 1 (24) is inclined toward the intake mixing chamber (21).

4. The dual-stack fuel cell hydrogen flow channel and steam-water separation function integrated structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A second baffle plate (25) is obliquely arranged between the air intake mixing chamber (21) and the confluence chamber (23), and the lowest end of the second baffle plate (25) is inclined toward the confluence chamber (23).

5. The dual-stack fuel cell hydrogen flow channel and steam-water separation function integrated structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circular arc-shaped guide plate three (26) is arranged in the confluence chamber (23), the upper circular arc end of the guide plate three (26) faces the intake mixing chamber (21), and the lower circular arc end of the guide plate three (26) points to the separation chamber (4), and the guide plate three (26) divides the confluence chamber (23) into a loss reduction zone (231) and a separation zone (232) from top to bottom, and an "S" shape is formed between the upper stack hydrogen intake chamber (22), the intake mixing chamber (21) and the loss reduction zone (231).

6. The dual-stack fuel cell hydrogen flow channel and steam-water separation function integrated structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water baffle (41) is horizontally fixed in the separation chamber (4), and the water baffle (41) divides the separation chamber (4) into a gas zone (42) and a liquid zone (43) from top to bottom. The water baffle (41) is provided with a plurality of liquid holes (411) connecting the gas zone (42) and the liquid zone (43). The bottom end of the intake mixing flow channel (2) and the bottom end of the outlet flow channel (3) are both connected to the gas zone (42), and the drain valve interface (7) is connected to the liquid zone (43).

7. The dual-stack fuel cell hydrogen flow channel and steam-water separation function integrated structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet flow channel (3) comprises a direct flow channel (31) and an arc-shaped flow channel (32); the bottom end of the direct flow channel (31) is connected to the top end of the arc-shaped flow channel (32); the lowest end of the arc-shaped flow channel (32) is connected to the separation chamber (4); the hydrogen outlet (8) is arranged at the top end of the direct flow channel (31); a humidity sensor interface (33) is arranged on the right side wall of the direct flow channel (31); and the humidity sensor interface (33) is used to install a humidity sensor.

8. The dual-stack fuel cell hydrogen flow channel and steam-water separation function integrated structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: An inclined surface (311) with a bottom end inclined to the right is provided on the left side wall of the direct current channel (31), and the bottom end of the inclined surface (311) extends to directly below the hydrogen outlet (8).

Images