Battery, charging device, charging method, battery management system and electric equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a battery, a charging device, a charging method of the battery, a battery management system and electric equipment, which can improve the charging performance of the battery. The battery comprises at least one battery monomer, the positive active material of the battery monomer comprises LiMPO4, and M comprises Mn element and Fe element; and the battery management system is used for controlling the temperature of the battery in response to a charging instruction, so that the temperature of at least part of stages of the battery in the charging process is within a preset temperature range.

Description

Battery, charging device, charging method, battery management system and power-consuming equipment

[0001] This application claims priority to PCT application number PCT / CN2023 / 081452, filed with the Patent Office of China on March 14, 2023, entitled “Charging method, device, battery pack, electronic device and computer-readable storage medium”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular, to a battery, a charging device, a battery charging method, a battery management system, and an electrical device. Background Art

[0003] With the development of the times, electric vehicles have huge market prospects due to their high environmental protection, low noise, low cost of use and other advantages. They can effectively promote energy conservation and emission reduction, which is beneficial to the development and progress of society.

[0004] Battery technology is a crucial factor in the development of electric vehicles. Therefore, improving battery charging performance has become a pressing issue.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] Embodiments of the present application provide a battery, a charging device, a battery charging method, a battery management system, and an electrical device, which can improve the charging performance of the battery.

[0007] In a first aspect, a battery is provided, comprising: at least one battery cell, wherein a positive electrode active material of the battery cell comprises LiMPO4, wherein M comprises the elements Mn and Fe; and a battery management system for controlling the temperature of the battery in response to a charging instruction so that the temperature of the battery is within a preset temperature range during at least part of a charging process.

[0008] The battery in the embodiment of the present application uses LiMPO4 material as its positive electrode active material, wherein M includes Mn and Fe elements, and has the advantages of high energy density and large capacity. However, when LiMPO4 material is used as the positive electrode active material of the battery, the delithiation depth of the positive electrode active material is low, making it difficult to fully utilize the capacity of the battery, and the delithiation speed of the positive electrode active material is slow, which makes the charging rate of the battery low, thereby affecting the charging performance of the battery. To this end, the battery management system controls the temperature of the battery in response to the charging instruction, so that the temperature of the battery is within a preset temperature range at least in part of the stage during the charging process, thereby increasing the delithiation depth of the positive electrode active material LiMPO4, thereby increasing the charging capacity of the battery and improving the charging performance of the battery.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the battery management system is specifically configured to obtain a state parameter of the battery; and control a temperature of the battery according to the state parameter.

[0010] In this implementation, by detecting the battery status parameters and determining the specific strategy for battery temperature control, the battery temperature can be effectively regulated, and the impact on the battery charging process can be reduced, thereby reducing unnecessary power consumption.

[0011] For example, the state parameter includes the temperature of the battery.

[0012] The battery management system is specifically configured to send a heating instruction to a heating device when the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to a first temperature threshold, wherein the heating instruction is configured to instruct the heating device to heat the battery.

[0013] Furthermore, the battery management system is also used to send a stop heating instruction to the heating device when the battery is heated to a temperature greater than or equal to a second temperature threshold, and the second temperature threshold is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold. The stop heating instruction is used to instruct the heating device to stop heating the battery.

[0014] For another example, the state parameter further includes the SOC of the battery.

[0015] The battery management system is specifically configured to send the heating instruction to the heating device when the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold and the SOC of the battery is greater than or equal to a first SOC threshold.

[0016] Furthermore, the battery management system is also used to send the stop heating instruction to the heating device when the battery is heated to a temperature greater than or equal to a second temperature threshold, and / or the SOC of the battery is less than or equal to a second SOC threshold.

[0017] For batteries using LiMPO4 as the positive electrode active material, since the DCR of the battery in the charging platform corresponding to the Mn element is 1.5-2 times the DCR in the charging platform corresponding to the Fe element, it is difficult for lithium ions to come out of the battery after reaching the charging platform corresponding to the Mn element. In this implementation, when the battery SOC is greater than or equal to the first SOC threshold, it has passed the charging platform corresponding to the Fe element and entered the charging platform corresponding to the Mn element. At this time, controlling the battery temperature can significantly improve the delithiation depth of the charging platform corresponding to the Mn element, thereby increasing the battery's charging capacity, while having little impact on the battery's charging process and reducing unnecessary power consumption.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the first SOC threshold and / or the second SOC threshold are determined based on the molar fraction of the iron element in the iron and manganese elements of the positive electrode active material. For example, the first SOC threshold and / or the second SOC threshold are the product of the SOC of the battery in a fully charged state and the molar fraction.

[0019] In this implementation, the above-mentioned first SOC threshold and / or second SOC threshold can be determined based on the molar proportion of iron in the iron-manganese element of the positive electrode active material, so that the temperature of the battery can be controlled when the battery reaches the charging platform corresponding to the Mn element, so as to effectively improve the charging performance of the battery and reduce unnecessary power consumption.

[0020] In an embodiment of the present application, the battery management system may specifically send a heating instruction to the heating device before or during the battery charging process to instruct the heating device to heat the battery, thereby minimizing the impact of the heating process on the charging process. For example, before the charging process, the heating instruction is sent to the heating device, and when the heating device heats the battery to a temperature within the temperature range, the battery is controlled to enter the charging process; for another example, during the charging process, the heating instruction is sent to the heating device, and the heating device is used to heat the battery in parallel during the charging process; for another example, during the charging process, the heating instruction is sent to the heating device, and the duration of the charging process paused for heating is controlled, and the heating device is used to heat the battery within the duration.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the heating device is electrically connected to the battery, and the heating device is configured to respond to the heating instruction and provide a pulse current to the battery, so that the battery generates heat when the pulse current passes through the battery.

[0022] In this implementation, pulse heating can be used to heat the battery. A heating device is electrically connected to the battery and, in response to heating instructions from the battery management system, provides a pulse current to the battery. As this pulse current passes through the battery, the battery generates heat due to its own internal resistance, enabling self-heating. This heating method eliminates the need for additional hardware heating structures, reducing the battery's structural complexity.

[0023] For example, the heating device includes a charging device for charging the battery, and the charging device is configured to charge the battery based on the pulse current in response to the heating instruction.

[0024] In another example, the heating device includes a motor in the electrical device where the battery is located. The motor includes a winding and a control circuit connected between the winding and the battery. The battery management system is specifically configured to send a heating instruction to a vehicle control unit in the electrical device. The vehicle control unit is configured to respond to the heating instruction and control the control circuit so that the motor charges the battery based on the pulse current. In this way, the heat generated by the operating loss of the motor in the electrical device can be used to heat the battery without consuming additional electricity.

[0025] For another example, the heating device includes a heating circuit, which includes an energy storage element and a switch module. The switch module is used to respond to the heating instruction to form a circuit for the energy storage element to charge the battery, and a circuit for the battery to discharge the energy storage element, so that the energy storage element charges the battery based on the pulse current. By using an additional heating circuit to heat the battery, the vehicle can be heated in advance even when the electrical equipment, such as a vehicle, is not yet connected to the charging device or the motor of the electrical equipment is operating, which greatly saves the user's time.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the battery includes the heating device, which is arranged outside the battery housing. The heating device is used to generate heat in response to the heating instruction to heat the battery through heat transfer between the heating device and the battery.

[0027] In this implementation, external heating can also be used to heat the battery. A heating device is installed on the outside of the battery housing. The heating device generates heat in response to heating instructions from the battery management system. Heat is then transferred between the heating device and the battery to heat the battery. This heating method can be performed during the battery charging process, that is, the battery can be heated simultaneously during the charging process without affecting the battery charging process.

[0028] For example, the heating device includes a heating film, which includes a conductive layer and an insulating layer located between the conductive layer and the shell. The conductive layer is used to generate heat when current passes through and transfer the heat to the battery. The insulating layer is used to electrically isolate the conductive layer from the battery.

[0029] For another example, the heating device includes a heat-generating component and a heat-conducting component, wherein the heat-conducting component contains a heat-conducting medium. The heat-generating component is used to generate heat when current passes through it, and the heat-conducting medium in the heat-conducting component is used to transfer the heat generated by the heat-generating component to the battery.

[0030] For another example, the heating device includes a hydrothermal pipe arranged around the battery, the hydrothermal pipe is connected to a heat pump, and the heat pump is used to control the circulation inflow and outflow of the liquid in the hydrothermal pipe, so as to heat the battery through the liquid in the process.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the battery management system is further configured to determine a heating method for heating the battery according to the temperature of the battery; and send the heating instruction to a corresponding heating device according to the heating method.

[0032] In this implementation, since different heating methods correspond to different temperature ranges with optimal heating efficiency, a suitable heating method can be selected according to the temperature of the battery to improve the heating efficiency.

[0033] For example, the battery management system is specifically used to, when the temperature of the battery is lower than a third temperature threshold, determine that the heating method is a first heating method, wherein the first heating method is a method of heating the battery based on a pulse current; and when the temperature of the battery is higher than the third temperature threshold, determine that the heating method is a second heating method, wherein the second heating method is a method of heating the battery through heat transfer.

[0034] Since the pulse heating method has a heating rate of about 2°C / minute, when the temperature rises to 0°C to 10°C, the internal resistance of the battery changes, which will cause the heating rate to decrease. At this time, external heating can be used to heat the battery.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the battery management system is further used to send charging parameters to a charging device, where the charging parameters include information about a constant current and a constant voltage, so that the charging device charges the battery based on the constant current, and when the battery is charged to a voltage greater than or equal to a voltage threshold based on the constant current, the battery is charged based on the constant voltage until the battery reaches a fully charged state.

[0036] In this implementation, the battery can be charged by adopting a constant current and then constant voltage charging method, which improves the charging rate and further increases the charging capacity of the battery.

[0037] In a possible implementation, the temperature range includes at least one of the following ranges: 30°C to 50°C, 30°C to 40°C, 40°C to 50°C, and 40°C to 45°C.

[0038] If the battery temperature is low, the battery charging capacity cannot be effectively improved, and if the battery temperature is high, it may cause other damage to the battery. Therefore, in this implementation, the battery temperature is controlled within a predetermined temperature range, which can increase the battery charging capacity without causing additional damage to the battery.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the positive electrode active material includes at least one of the following materials: LiMn1-yFeyPO4, wherein y is any value in the range of 0.001 to 0.5; Li1+tMn1-cFecP1-zRzO4, wherein t is any value in the range of -0.100 to 0.100, c is any value in the range of 0.001 to 0.500, z is any value in the range of 0.001 to 0.100, and R includes one or more elements selected from B, S, Si and N; Li1+wCmMn1-uFeuP1- aRaO4-nDn, wherein C includes one or more elements selected from Zn, Al, Na, K, Mg, Nb, Mo and W, R includes one or more elements selected from B, S, Si and N, D includes one or more elements selected from S, F, Cl and Br, w is any value in the range of -0.100 to 0.100, u is any value in the range of 0.001 to 0.500, a is any value in the range of 0.001 to 0.100, n is any value in the range of 0.001 to 0.1, and m is any value in the range of 0.9 to 1.1.

[0040] In a second aspect, a charging device is provided, comprising: a charging module for charging a battery; and a control module for responding to a charging instruction and controlling the temperature of the battery so that the temperature of the battery is within a preset temperature range in at least some stages of the charging process.

[0041] In an embodiment of the present application, the charging device may also be configured with a function of temperature control of the battery to control the temperature of the battery in at least part of the charging process to be within a preset temperature range, thereby reducing the complexity of the battery management system.

[0042] For example, the control module is specifically configured to obtain information about the positive electrode active material of the battery; and control the temperature of the battery when the positive electrode active material comprises LiMPO 4 , where M comprises Mn and Fe.

[0043] Batteries using LiMPO4 as the positive electrode active material, where M includes the elements Mn and Fe, have advantages such as high energy density and large capacity. However, when LiMPO4 is used as the positive electrode active material of the battery, the delithiation depth of the positive electrode active material is low, making it difficult to fully utilize the battery capacity. In addition, the delithiation rate of the positive electrode active material is slow, resulting in a low charging rate of the battery, thereby affecting the charging performance of the battery. To this end, when the charging device obtains information about the positive electrode active material of the battery and determines that the battery connected to it is a battery using LiMPO4 as the positive electrode active material, the battery temperature is controlled so that the temperature of the battery is within a preset temperature range during at least part of the charging process, thereby increasing the delithiation depth of the positive electrode active material LiMPO4, thereby increasing the charging capacity of the battery and improving the charging performance of the battery.

[0044] In a possible implementation, the control module is specifically configured to receive a status parameter of the battery sent by a battery management system of the battery; and control the temperature of the battery according to the status parameter.

[0045] In this implementation, by obtaining the current state parameters of the battery and determining the specific strategy for controlling the battery temperature, the battery temperature can be effectively regulated, and the impact on the battery charging process can be reduced, thereby reducing unnecessary power consumption.

[0046] For example, the state parameter includes the temperature of the battery.

[0047] The control module is specifically configured to send a heating instruction to the battery management system when the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to a first temperature threshold, wherein the heating instruction is configured to instruct the battery management system to control the heating device to heat the battery.

[0048] Furthermore, the control module is also used to send a stop heating instruction to the battery management system when the battery is heated to a temperature greater than or equal to a second temperature threshold, and the second temperature threshold is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold. The stop heating instruction is used to instruct the battery management system to control the heating device to stop heating the battery.

[0049] For another example, the state parameter further includes the SOC of the battery.

[0050] The control module is specifically configured to send the heating instruction to the battery management system when the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold and the SOC of the battery is greater than or equal to a first SOC threshold.

[0051] Furthermore, the control module is specifically configured to send the stop heating instruction to the battery management system when the battery is heated to a temperature greater than or equal to a second temperature threshold, and / or the SOC of the battery is less than or equal to a second SOC threshold.

[0052] For batteries using LiMPO4 as the positive electrode active material, since the DCR of the battery in the charging platform corresponding to the Mn element is 1.5-2 times the DCR in the charging platform corresponding to the Fe element, it is difficult for lithium ions to come out of the battery after reaching the charging platform corresponding to the Mn element. In this implementation, when the battery SOC is greater than or equal to the first SOC threshold, it has passed the charging platform corresponding to the Fe element and entered the charging platform corresponding to the Mn element. At this time, controlling the battery temperature can significantly improve the delithiation depth of the charging platform corresponding to the Mn element, thereby increasing the battery's charging capacity, while having little impact on the battery's charging process and reducing unnecessary power consumption.

[0053] In one possible implementation, the first SOC threshold and / or the second SOC threshold are determined based on the molar fraction of the iron element in the iron and manganese elements of the positive electrode active material. For example, the first SOC threshold and / or the second SOC threshold are the product of the SOC of the battery in a fully charged state and the molar fraction.

[0054] In this implementation, the above-mentioned first SOC threshold and / or second SOC threshold can be determined based on the molar proportion of iron in the iron-manganese element of the positive electrode active material, so that the temperature of the battery can be controlled when the battery reaches the charging platform corresponding to the Mn element, so as to effectively improve the charging performance of the battery and reduce unnecessary power consumption.

[0055] In an embodiment of the present application, the charging device can specifically send a heating instruction to the battery management system before or during the charging process of the battery to heat the battery, thereby minimizing the impact of the heating process on the charging process. For example, before the charging process, the heating instruction is sent to the battery management system, and when the heating device heats the battery to a temperature within the temperature range, the battery is controlled to enter the charging process; for another example, during the charging process, the heating instruction is sent to the battery management system, and the heating device is used to heat the battery in parallel during the charging process; for another example, during the charging process, the heating instruction is sent to the battery management system, and the duration of the charging process paused for heating is controlled, and the heating device is used to heat the battery within the duration.

[0056] In one possible implementation, the heating device is electrically connected to the battery, and the battery management system is used to respond to the heating instruction and control the heating device to provide a pulse current to the battery, so that the battery generates heat when the pulse current passes through the battery.

[0057] In this implementation, pulse heating can be used to heat the battery. A heating device is electrically connected to the battery and provides a pulse current to the battery. As the pulse current passes through the battery, the battery generates heat due to its internal resistance, achieving self-heating. This heating method eliminates the need for additional hardware heating structures, reducing the battery's structural complexity.

[0058] In one possible implementation, the battery includes the heating device, which is arranged outside the battery shell. The battery management module is used to respond to the heating instruction and control the heating device to generate heat, so as to heat the battery through heat transfer between the heating device and the battery.

[0059] In this implementation, the battery can also be heated using external heating. A heating device is provided on the outside of the battery housing. The heating device can generate heat, and heat is heated by heat transfer between the heating device and the battery. This heating method can be performed during the battery charging process, that is, the battery can be heated simultaneously during the charging process without affecting the battery charging process.

[0060] In one possible implementation, the control module is also used to determine a heating method for heating the battery based on the temperature of the battery; and send the heating instruction to the battery management system of the battery based on the heating method, and the heating instruction is used to control the corresponding heating device to heat the battery.

[0061] In this implementation, since different heating methods correspond to different temperature ranges with optimal heating efficiency, a suitable heating method can be selected according to the temperature of the battery to improve the heating efficiency.

[0062] For example, the control module is specifically used to, when the temperature of the battery is lower than a third temperature threshold, determine that the heating method is a first heating method, and the first heating method is a method of heating the battery based on a pulse current; when the temperature of the battery is higher than the third temperature threshold, determine that the heating method is a second heating method, and the second heating method is a method of heating the battery through heat transfer.

[0063] Since the pulse heating method has a heating rate of about 2°C / minute, when the temperature rises to 0°C to 10°C, the internal resistance of the battery changes, which will cause the heating rate to decrease. At this time, external heating can be used to heat the battery.

[0064] In one possible implementation, the charging module is also used to receive charging parameters sent by the battery management system of the battery, where the charging parameters include information on constant current and constant voltage; charge the battery based on the constant current, and when the battery is charged to a voltage greater than or equal to a voltage threshold based on the constant current, charge the battery based on the constant voltage until the battery reaches a fully charged state.

[0065] In this implementation, the charging device can charge the battery using a constant current followed by a constant voltage charging method, thereby increasing the charging rate and further improving the charging capacity of the battery.

[0066] In one possible implementation, the temperature range includes at least one of the following ranges: 30°C to 60°C, 30°C to 55°C, 30°C to 50°C, 30°C to 45°C, 30°C to 40°C, 40°C to 50°C, and 40°C to 45°C.

[0067] If the battery temperature is low, the battery charging capacity cannot be effectively improved, and if the battery temperature is high, it may cause other damage to the battery. Therefore, in this implementation, the battery temperature is controlled within a predetermined temperature range, which can increase the battery charging capacity without causing additional damage to the battery.

[0068] In a third aspect, a method for charging a battery is provided, wherein the positive electrode active material of the battery includes LiMPO4, wherein M includes Mn and Fe elements, and the charging method includes: responding to a charging instruction, controlling the temperature of the battery so that the temperature of the battery is within a preset temperature range at least in part of the charging process.

[0069] In a possible implementation, controlling the temperature of the battery includes: acquiring a state parameter of the battery; and controlling the temperature of the battery according to the state parameter.

[0070] In one possible implementation, the state parameter includes the temperature of the battery, and controlling the temperature of the battery based on the state parameter includes: when the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to a first temperature threshold, sending a heating instruction to a heating device, wherein the heating instruction is used to instruct the heating device to heat the battery.

[0071] In one possible implementation, the charging method further includes: when the battery is heated to a temperature greater than or equal to a second temperature threshold, sending a stop heating instruction to the heating device, the second temperature threshold being greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold, and the stop heating instruction is used to instruct the heating device to stop heating the battery.

[0072] In one possible implementation, the state parameter also includes the SOC of the battery, and sending a heating instruction to the heating device when the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to a first temperature threshold includes: sending the heating instruction to the heating device when the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold and the SOC of the battery is greater than or equal to a first SOC threshold.

[0073] In one possible implementation, the charging method further includes: when the battery is heated to a temperature greater than or equal to a second temperature threshold, and / or the SOC of the battery is less than or equal to a second SOC threshold, sending the stop heating instruction to the heating device.

[0074] In a possible implementation, the first SOC threshold and / or the second SOC threshold is determined based on the molar ratio of the iron element in the iron and manganese elements of the positive electrode active material.

[0075] In a possible implementation, the first SOC threshold and / or the second SOC threshold is the product of the SOC of the battery in a fully charged state and the molar fraction.

[0076] In one possible implementation, the temperature range includes at least one of the following ranges: 30°C to 60°C, 30°C to 55°C, 30°C to 50°C, 30°C to 45°C, 30°C to 40°C, 40°C to 50°C, and 40°C to 45°C.

[0077] In a fourth aspect, a battery charging method is provided, the charging method comprising: responding to a charging instruction and controlling the temperature of the battery so that the temperature of the battery is within a preset temperature range during at least part of the charging process.

[0078] In one possible implementation, controlling the temperature of the battery includes: acquiring information of a positive electrode active material of the battery; and controlling the temperature of the battery when the positive electrode active material includes LiMPO4, where M includes Mn and Fe.

[0079] In a possible implementation, controlling the temperature of the battery includes: receiving a state parameter of the battery sent by a battery management system of the battery; and controlling the temperature of the battery according to the state parameter.

[0080] In one possible implementation, the state parameter includes the temperature of the battery, and controlling the temperature of the battery based on the state parameter includes: when the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to a first temperature threshold, sending a heating instruction to the battery management system, and the heating instruction is used to instruct the battery management system to control the heating device to heat the battery.

[0081] In one possible implementation, the charging method further includes: when the battery is heated to a temperature greater than or equal to a second temperature threshold, sending a stop heating instruction to the battery management system, the second temperature threshold being greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold, and the stop heating instruction being used to instruct the battery management system to control the heating device to stop heating the battery.

[0082] In one possible implementation, the state parameter also includes the SOC of the battery, and sending a heating instruction to the heating device when the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to a first temperature threshold includes: sending the heating instruction to the battery management system when the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold and the SOC of the battery is greater than or equal to a first SOC threshold.

[0083] In one possible implementation, the charging method further includes: sending the stop heating instruction to the battery management system when the battery is heated to a temperature greater than or equal to a second temperature threshold, and / or the SOC of the battery is less than or equal to a second SOC threshold.

[0084] In a possible implementation, the first SOC threshold and / or the second SOC threshold is determined based on the molar ratio of the iron element in the iron and manganese elements of the positive electrode active material.

[0085] In a possible implementation, the first SOC threshold and / or the second SOC threshold is the product of the SOC of the battery in a fully charged state and the molar fraction.

[0086] In one possible implementation, the temperature range includes at least one of the following ranges: 30°C to 60°C, 30°C to 55°C, 30°C to 50°C, 30°C to 45°C, 30°C to 40°C, 40°C to 50°C, and 40°C to 45°C.

[0087] In a fifth aspect, a battery management system is provided for executing the battery charging method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the positive electrode active material of the battery includes LiMPO4, wherein M includes Mn element and Fe element.

[0088] In a sixth aspect, an electrical device is provided, comprising the battery described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0089] In the seventh aspect, a charging device is provided, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory to execute the method described in the third aspect or any possible implementation of the third aspect.

[0090] In an eighth aspect, a charging device is provided, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory to execute the method described in the fourth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourth aspect.

[0091] In a ninth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided for storing a computer program, which, when executed by a computing device, enables the computing device to implement the method described in the third aspect or any implementation manner of the third aspect.

[0092] In a tenth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided for storing a computer program, which, when executed by a computing device, enables the computing device to implement the method described in the fourth aspect or any implementation manner of the fourth aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0093] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the drawings without creative work.

[0094] FIG1 is a schematic block diagram of a charging system that may be used in an embodiment of the present application.

[0095] FIG2 is a schematic block diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0096] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a curve showing the relationship between the charging capacity and temperature of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0097] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a curve showing the relationship between the discharge capacity and temperature of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0098] FIG5 is a schematic flowchart of a charging method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0099] FIG6 is a flowchart of the interaction between the battery and the heating device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0100] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a possible heating device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0101] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of another possible heating device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0102] FIG9 is a schematic block diagram of a charging device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0103] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of an electrical device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0104] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0105] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used in this application and in the specification of the application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application or the above-mentioned figures are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order or a primary and secondary relationship. "Vertical" is not strictly perpendicular, but is within the allowable error range. "Parallel" is not strictly parallel, but is within the allowable error range.

[0106] References to "embodiments" in this application mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application may be combined with other embodiments.

[0107] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connected," and "attached" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, or internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0108] The term "and / or" in this application simply describes an association between related objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this application indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0109] In the embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals represent the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components in different embodiments are omitted. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of the various components in the embodiments of this application, as well as the overall thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of the integrated device shown in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and do not constitute any limitation on this application.

[0110] A battery generally refers to a single physical module that includes one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. For example, the battery can be a battery module, where multiple battery cells are arranged and fixed to form a battery module. Another example is a battery pack, which includes battery cells and a casing, with the battery cells or battery modules housed in the casing.

[0111] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to various battery-using devices, such as mobile phones, portable devices, laptop computers, electric vehicles, electric toys, electric tools, electric vehicles, ships and spacecraft, etc. For example, spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft, etc.

[0112] It should be understood that the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application are not limited to the devices described above, but can also be applied to all devices using batteries. However, for the sake of simplicity, the following embodiments are described using electric vehicles as an example.

[0113] Figure 1 shows an architecture diagram of a charging system 100 applicable to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1, the charging system 100 includes a charging device 110 and a battery 120. Optionally, the battery 120 can be a battery in an electrical device such as a vehicle or a battery in other application scenarios.

[0114] Optionally, the battery 120 includes a battery cell 121 and a battery management system (BMS) 122. The BMS 122 is used to monitor the status of the battery cell 121, perform intelligent management and maintenance on the battery cell 121, and reduce the probability of overcharging and overdischarging of the battery 120. For example, the BMS 122 can be used to monitor the status of a single battery cell 121; alternatively, the BMS 122 can be used to monitor the status of multiple battery cells 121 or a battery module composed of multiple battery cells 121.

[0115] The charging device 110 is used to replenish the battery cells 121 in the battery 120 and / or control the discharge of the battery cells 121. For example, the charging device 110 can be a conventional charging station, a super charging station, a charging station supporting vehicle-to-grid (V2G) mode, a charger, or other charging device used to charge and / or discharge the battery. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific type and specific application scenario of the charging device 110.

[0116] Optionally, as shown in FIG1 , the charging device 110 is connected to the battery cell 121 via a wire 150 and is connected to the BMS 122 via a communication line 140. The communication line 140 is used to implement information exchange between the charging device 110 and the BMS 122. By way of example, the communication line 140 includes, but is not limited to, a controller area network (CAN) communication bus or a daisy chain communication bus.

[0117] Optionally, the charging device 110 can communicate with the BMS 122 via a wireless network in addition to communicating with the BMS 122 via the communication line 140. The embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the type of wired communication or wireless communication between the charging device 110 and the BMS 122.

[0118] As shown in FIG2 , an embodiment of the present application provides a battery 120 comprising at least one battery cell 121 and a battery management system 122. The positive electrode active material of the battery cell 121 is lithium manganese iron phosphate, hereinafter also referred to as LiMPO4, wherein M comprises Mn and Fe elements. The battery management system 122 is configured to respond to charging instructions and control the temperature of the battery 120 so that the temperature of the battery 120 is within a preset temperature range during at least some stages of the charging process. The battery management system 122 may be, for example, the BMS 122 shown in FIG1 , or may be other control modules that can be used to control the temperature of the battery 120.

[0119] Compared with conventional batteries using LiFePO4 as positive electrode active materials, the battery 120 using LiMPO4 as positive electrode active materials has a higher voltage platform, and its energy density can be about 15% higher than that of batteries using LiFePO4 materials, and has lower cost and higher safety.

[0120] Although the battery 120 using LiMPO4 material as the positive electrode active material has the advantages of high energy density and large capacity, when using LiMPO4 material as the positive electrode active material of the battery 120, the delithiation depth of the positive electrode active material is low, making it difficult to fully utilize the capacity of the battery 120, and the delithiation speed of the positive electrode active material is slow, making the charging rate of the battery 120 low, thereby affecting the charging performance of the battery 120 and reducing the user experience.

[0121] To this end, in an embodiment of the present application, the battery management system 122 controls the temperature of the battery 120 in response to a charging instruction, so that the temperature of the battery 120 is within a preset temperature range during at least part of the charging process, thereby increasing the delithiation depth of the positive electrode active material LiMPO4, thereby increasing the charging capacity of the battery 120 and improving the charging performance of the battery 120.

[0122] By controlling the temperature of battery 120 using LiMPO4 as the positive electrode active material so that its temperature during charging is within a preset temperature range, the polarization of the LiMPO4 material itself can be eliminated, and the delithiation depth of the LiMPO4, the positive electrode active material of battery 120, can be increased, thereby increasing the capacity of battery 120. At the same time, higher temperatures help increase the diffusion rate and delithiation rate of lithium ions, thereby shortening the charging time of battery 120 and making it easier to meet the requirements of fast charging. Therefore, by controlling the temperature of battery 120 so that the temperature of at least part of the charging process is within the preset temperature range, it is possible to improve the problems of using LiMPO4 as the positive electrode active material of battery 120, such as the difficulty in fully utilizing the capacity and slow charging speed.

[0123] If the temperature of the battery 120 is low, the charging capacity of the battery 120 cannot be effectively improved, while if the temperature of the battery 120 is high, it may cause other damage to the battery 120. Therefore, in some embodiments, the battery management system 122 needs to control the temperature of the battery 120 to be within a predetermined temperature range during at least part of the charging process, thereby improving the charging capacity of the battery 120 while reducing damage to the battery 120.

[0124] The battery 120 may be configured with a temperature range that can balance improving charging capacity and reducing battery failure rate as the preset temperature range. For example, the preset temperature range includes at least one of the following ranges: 30°C to 90°C, 30°C to 80°C, 30°C to 60°C, 30°C to 55°C, 30°C to 50°C, 30°C to 45°C, 30°C to 40°C, 40°C to 50°C, and 40°C to 45°C.

[0125] The preset temperature range will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 .

[0126] By testing the capacity of the battery 120 at different temperatures, FIG3 and FIG4 can be obtained, wherein FIG3 and FIG4 respectively show how the charging capacity and the discharging capacity of the battery 120 change with temperature.

[0127] The materials, adhesive, and conductive agent, and their corresponding contents, for the positive electrode sheet of battery 120 used in the test were 97.3% LiMPO4 + 2.2% PVDF + 0.5% SP, with a compacted density of 2.35 and a thickness of 213 μm. The materials, adhesive, and conductive agent, and their corresponding contents, for the negative electrode sheet of battery 120 were 96.5% graphite + 1.3% SBR + 1.1% CMC + 0.4% SP, with a compacted density of 1.65 and a thickness of 142 μm. The electrolyte for battery 120 was prepared using the corresponding solvents, electrolyte, additives, and lithium salts in the corresponding proportions. For example, ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, and 1,2-propylene glycol carbonate were mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:1, and then LiPF6 was uniformly dissolved in the above solution to obtain an electrolyte with a LiPF6 concentration of 1 mol / L.

[0128] As an example, during the test, the battery cell 121 is placed in a constant temperature oven at 25°C and left to stand for 2 hours, then discharged to 2.5V at 0.33C, and then discharged to 2.0V at 0.02C. After standing for 2 hours, it is charged to 4.3V at 0.33C, and then charged at a constant voltage to a cutoff current of 0.05C. This step can obtain the charging capacity at 25°C; after standing for 2 hours, it is discharged to 2.0V at 0.33C. This step can obtain the discharge capacity at 25°C.

[0129] By varying the temperature of the constant-temperature oven, the corresponding charge and discharge capacities were obtained for each temperature. The charge and discharge capacities corresponding to these temperatures were plotted to produce the charge and discharge capacity test results shown in Figures 3 and 4.

[0130] As shown in Table 1, at 25°C, i.e., room temperature, the charging capacity of the battery 120 is 0.119Ah, and the discharging capacity is 0.119Ah; at 40°C, the charging capacity of the battery 120 is 0.131Ah, and the discharging capacity is 0.132Ah; at 50°C, the charging capacity of the battery 120 is 0.132Ah, and the discharging capacity is 0.130Ah; at 60°C, the charging capacity of the battery 120 is 0.134Ah, and the discharging capacity is 0.133Ah; at 70°C, the charging capacity of the battery 120 is 0.137Ah, and the discharging capacity is 0.136Ah; at 80°C, the charging capacity of the battery 120 is 0.139Ah, and the discharging capacity is 0.139Ah.

[0131] Table 1

[0132] As can be seen from Figures 3 and 4, as the charging temperature of the battery 120 increases, the charging capacity and discharging capacity of the battery 120 generally show an increasing trend, with a certain drop between 45°C and 50°C. It can be understood that the higher the temperature of the battery 120, the higher the charging capacity and discharging capacity of the battery 120, and the lower the temperature of the battery 120, the lower the probability of the battery 120 experiencing thermal runaway and the like. In order to increase the charging capacity and reduce the failure rate of the battery 120, the battery management system 122 needs to control the temperature of the battery 120 to be within the preset temperature range. Setting the temperature range to 40°C to 50°C, especially 40°C to 45°C, can significantly improve the charging capacity and discharging capacity of the battery 120 and meet conventional charging requirements without increasing the damage caused by high temperature to the battery 120 or even the entire vehicle.

[0133] The present application also provides a charging method 200, as shown in FIG5 , which is a schematic flow chart of charging method 200. Charging method 200 is used to charge battery 120. Battery 120 includes at least one battery cell 121 and a battery management system 122. The positive electrode active material of battery cell 121 is LiMPO4. Charging method 200 can be performed by battery management system 122. As shown in FIG5 , charging method 200 can include some or all of the following steps.

[0134] In step 210 , a charging instruction is received.

[0135] In step 220 , in response to the charging instruction, the temperature of the battery 120 is controlled so that the temperature of the battery 120 is within a preset temperature range during at least part of the charging process.

[0136] The charging instruction is used to instruct the battery 120 to charge. For example, the charging instruction can be a charging demand instruction, which is used to indicate that the battery 120 needs to be charged, but the battery 120 may not yet be connected to the charging device 110. For example, the charging demand instruction can be an instruction issued by a control module of an electrical device such as a vehicle. The charging instruction can also be a charging access instruction, which is used to indicate that the charging device 110 has been connected to the battery 120. For example, the charging access instruction can be an instruction triggered during the process of establishing a connection between the charging device 110 and the battery 120. The charging instruction can also be a charging in progress instruction, which is used to indicate that the battery 120 is being charged. For example, the charging instruction can be information such as the current or voltage indicating that the battery 120 is being charged.

[0137] Optionally, before the battery 120 is connected to the charging device 110, the charging instruction can be used to control the temperature of the battery 120 to be within a preset temperature range, and the battery 120 can be kept warm so that the temperature of the battery 120 can be maintained within the temperature range during at least part of the process of being connected to the charging pile 110 for charging; or, before the battery 120 is connected to the charging device 110, the charging instruction can be used to control the temperature of the battery 120 to exceed the preset temperature range so that the temperature of the battery 120 can be within the range during at least part of the process of being connected to the charging pile 110 for charging.

[0138] Among them, before the battery 120 is connected to the charging device 110, it can be optionally determined whether to control the temperature of the battery 120, such as heating the battery, based on the SOC of the battery 120. For example, when the SOC of the battery 120 is low, in order to save the battery SOC, the battery 120 may not be heated. When the battery SOC is sufficient, the battery 120 is heated so that its temperature reaches the preset temperature range as soon as possible.

[0139] The aforementioned temperature control of the battery 120 includes cooling and / or heating the battery 120. Specifically, when the temperature of the battery 120 is high, in order to reduce damage caused by the high temperature and not affect the charging performance of the battery 120, the battery management system 122 can, for example, control corresponding water cooling, air cooling, etc. to cool the battery 120 so that the temperature of the battery 120 is within a preset temperature range.

[0140] When the temperature of the battery 120 is low, in order to improve the charging performance of the battery, in step 220, the battery management system 122 may send a heating instruction to the heating device 130, instructing the heating device 130 to heat the battery 120. The heating device 130 heats the battery 120 in response to the heating instruction.

[0141] Hereinafter, how to control the temperature of the battery 120 will be described in detail.

[0142] In some embodiments, the battery management system 122 obtains state parameters of the battery 120 and controls the temperature of the battery 120 according to the state parameters.

[0143] The state parameter includes, for example, at least one of the following parameters: the temperature of the battery 120, the state of charge (SOC) of the battery 120, the charging time of the battery 120, the voltage, and the current. By detecting the state parameters of the battery 120, a specific strategy for temperature control of the battery 120 is determined. This effectively regulates the temperature of the battery 120, reduces the impact of temperature control on the charging process of the battery 120, and reduces unnecessary power consumption.

[0144] As an example, Figure 6 illustrates the interaction flow between the battery 120 and the heating device 130. The charging method 200 shown in Figure 3 can be performed by the battery 120 and the heating device 130, specifically, by the battery management system 122 of the battery 120 and the heating device 130. The heating device 130 can be, for example, the charging device 110 shown in Figure 1 or another heating device external to the battery 120, as described in detail below. The charging method 200 can include some or all of the following steps.

[0145] In step 210 , the battery management system 122 receives a charging instruction.

[0146] In step 221 , the battery management system 122 responds to the charging instruction and obtains state parameters of the battery 120 , such as the temperature and / or SOC of the battery 120 .

[0147] In step 222 , the battery management system 122 sends a heating instruction to the heating device 130 based on the state parameter. For example, the heating instruction is sent to the heating device 130 when the state parameter satisfies a condition.

[0148] In step 223 , the heating device 130 receives the heating instruction.

[0149] In step 224 , the heating device 130 heats the battery 120 according to the heating instruction.

[0150] Optionally, the charging method 200 may further include steps 225 to 227 .

[0151] In step 225 , the battery management system 122 sends a stop heating instruction to the heating device 130 based on the state parameter. For example, the stop heating instruction is sent to the heating device 130 when the state parameter satisfies another condition.

[0152] In step 226 , the heating device 130 receives the heating stop instruction.

[0153] In step 227 , the heating device 130 stops heating the battery 120 according to the stop heating instruction.

[0154] Hereinafter, how the battery management system 122 controls the heating of the battery 120 according to the state parameters of the battery 120 will be described in detail.

[0155] In some embodiments, the state parameter may include the temperature of the battery 120. In this case, the battery management system 122 may send a heating instruction to the heating device 130 when the temperature of the battery 120 is less than or equal to a first temperature threshold. The heating instruction is used to instruct the heating device 130 to heat the battery 120.

[0156] For example, a temperature sensor may be provided on each battery cell 121 to collect the temperature of the battery cell 121 and report the temperature to the battery management system 122. It will be appreciated that when the battery 120 includes multiple battery cells 121, temperature sensors may be provided on only some of the battery cells 121, or on all of the battery cells 121.

[0157] The temperature of the battery 120 described in the embodiment of the present application may be the average or sum of the temperatures of a plurality of battery cells 121 provided with temperature sensors, or the temperature of a certain battery cell 121, such as the temperature of the battery cell 121 with the lowest or highest temperature. The present application does not limit this.

[0158] The first temperature threshold may, for example, be equal to the lower limit of the above-mentioned preset temperature range. When the temperature of the battery 120 falls below the temperature range, the battery management system 122 instructs the heating device 130 to heat the battery 120. Alternatively, the first temperature threshold may also be within the preset temperature range, for example, slightly greater than the lower limit of the temperature range. In this case, when the temperature of the battery 120 has not fallen below the temperature range, the battery management system 122 instructs the heating device 130 to heat the battery 120, or to keep it warm, so as to maintain the temperature of the battery 120 within the temperature range.

[0159] Further, optionally, the battery management system 122 may also send a stop heating instruction to the heating device 130 when the battery 120 is heated to a temperature greater than or equal to a second temperature threshold. The stop heating instruction is used to instruct the heating device 130 to stop heating the battery 120.

[0160] The second temperature threshold is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold. For example, the temperature threshold may be equal to the upper limit of the preset temperature range, and the battery management system 122 may instruct the heating device 130 to stop heating the battery 120 when the temperature of the battery 120 exceeds the temperature range. Alternatively, the second temperature threshold may be slightly less than the upper limit of the temperature range, and in this case, the battery management system 122 may instruct the heating device 130 to stop heating the battery 120 when the temperature of the battery 120 does not exceed the temperature range, so as to maintain the temperature of the battery 120 within the temperature range.

[0161] In other embodiments, the state parameter may include the SOC of the battery 120. In this case, the battery management system 122 may send a heating instruction to the heating device 130 when the SOC of the battery 120 is greater than or equal to a first SOC threshold. The heating instruction is used to instruct the heating device 130 to heat the battery 120.

[0162] The SOC is used to represent the remaining capacity of the battery 120. For example, it can be expressed as the ratio of the remaining capacity of the battery 120 to the capacity of the battery 120. As an example, when detecting the SOC of the battery 120, the open circuit voltage (OCV) of the battery 120 can be detected, and the SOC corresponding to the currently detected OCV can be found based on a pre-set curve representing the relationship between the voltage and SOC of the battery 120, namely, an SOC-OCV curve.

[0163] For battery 120 using LiMPO4 as the positive electrode active material, the charging process will sequentially experience the charging platform corresponding to the Fe element and the charging platform corresponding to the Mn element. Since the direct current resistance (DCR) of battery 120 in the charging platform corresponding to the Mn element is 1.5-2 times the DCR in the charging platform corresponding to the Fe element, it is difficult for lithium ions to escape from battery 120 after reaching the charging platform corresponding to the Mn element. When the SOC of battery 120 is greater than or equal to the first SOC threshold, it has passed the charging platform corresponding to the Fe element and entered the charging platform corresponding to the Mn element. At this time, controlling the temperature of battery 120 can significantly improve the delithiation depth of the charging platform corresponding to the Mn element, thereby increasing the charging capacity of battery 120, and has little impact on the charging process of battery 120, reducing unnecessary power consumption.

[0164] It can be understood that the charging platform refers to, for example, the stage in the charging process where the electrochemical reaction reaches equilibrium, where the battery potential fluctuates less with SOC, or in other words, where the battery potential remains relatively stable.

[0165] As described above, the battery 120 sequentially experiences charging platforms corresponding to the Fe element and the Mn element during charging, with issues such as low delithiation depth occurring at the Mn element charging platform. Therefore, to effectively improve the charging performance of the battery 120 and reduce unnecessary power consumption, in some embodiments, the first SOC threshold may be determined based on the molar fraction f of the Fe element in the iron and manganese elements of the positive electrode active material.

[0166] For example, the first SOC threshold may be determined based on the product of the SOC of the battery 120 in a fully charged state and the molar fraction f of the Fe element in the iron-manganese element.

[0167] Among them, for LiMPO4 material, where M includes Mn and Fe, the molar proportion f of Fe element in iron and manganese elements is equal to the ratio between the molar content of Fe element and the total molar content of Fe element and Mn element.

[0168] It is understood that the SOC of the battery 120 in a fully charged state is generally equal to 1. However, as the battery 120 wears out during use, the SOC of the battery 120 in a fully charged state may gradually decrease, thus becoming less than 1. When determining the first SOC threshold, it is necessary to use the actual SOC of the battery 120 in a fully charged state and multiply the actual SOC of the battery 120 in a fully charged state by the molar fraction f of the Fe element in the iron and manganese elements to determine the first SOC threshold.

[0169] Wherein, 0<f<1, optionally, 0.01≤f≤0.6.

[0170] The proportion f of Fe element in iron and manganese elements can be smaller than the proportion of Mn element. For example, f can be between 0.001 and 0.5, such as f is equal to 0.001, 0.002, 0.003, 0.004, 0.005, 0.007, 0.008, 0.009, 0.01, 0.02, 0.05, 0.07, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.45, 0.49, 0.5 and the like.

[0171] The ratio f of Fe element in iron-manganese elements may also be slightly greater than the ratio of Mn element. For example, f may be between 0.5 and 0.6, such as f equal to 0.51, 0.52, 0.55, 0.57, 0.58, 0.59, 0.6 and the like.

[0172] For example, assuming f = 0.3, the ratio of Fe to Mn in the LiMPO4 material is 3:7, and the first SOC threshold can be 30% of the fully charged SOC of the battery 120. When the battery 120 charges to 30% of the fully charged SOC, it has passed the charging plateau corresponding to the Fe element and is about to enter the charging plateau corresponding to the Mn element. Therefore, the temperature of the battery 120 needs to be controlled within a predetermined temperature range to improve the charging performance of the battery 120 within the charging plateau corresponding to the Mn element.

[0173] For another example, assuming f = 0.4, the ratio of Fe to Mn in the LiMPO4 material is 4:6, and the first SOC threshold can be 40% of the fully charged SOC of the battery 120. When the battery 120 is charged until its SOC reaches 40% of the fully charged SOC, it has passed the charging plateau corresponding to the Fe element and is about to enter the charging plateau corresponding to the Mn element. Therefore, the temperature of the battery 120 needs to be controlled within a preset temperature range to improve the charging performance of the battery 120 in the charging plateau corresponding to the Mn element.

[0174] It can be understood that the first SOC threshold value can be equal to the product of the SOC of the battery 120 in the fully charged state and the molar proportion f of the Fe element in the iron-manganese element, that is, the battery 120 starts to be heated when the SOC of the battery 120 meets this condition; or, in order to heat the battery 120 in advance so that the temperature of the battery 120 in the charging platform corresponding to the entire Mn element is always within the temperature range, the first SOC threshold value can also be slightly smaller than the product of the SOC of the battery 120 in the fully charged state and the molar proportion f, so as to heat the battery 120 in advance before the charging platform corresponding to the Mn element arrives.

[0175] Alternatively, the first SOC threshold may be set based on the range of f. For example, when f is 0 < f ≤ 0.1, the first SOC threshold may be set to 10% of the fully charged SOC of the battery 120. When the SOC of the battery 120 is greater than or equal to 10% of the fully charged SOC, the battery management system 122 controls the temperature of the battery 120 to be within a preset temperature range.

[0176] Further, optionally, the battery management system 122 may also send a stop heating instruction to the heating device 130 when the SOC of the battery 120 is less than or equal to a second SOC threshold, where the stop heating instruction is used to instruct the heating device 130 to stop heating the battery 120 .

[0177] During the heating process of the battery 120, the SOC of the battery 120 may decrease when the battery 120's power is used for heating. Stopping the heating of the battery 120 when the battery 120's SOC is less than or equal to a second SOC threshold can reduce the probability of SOC depletion of the battery 120 due to its low SOC, thereby helping to maintain a healthy mileage. The second SOC threshold may be equal to or different from the first SOC threshold.

[0178] Of course, in other embodiments, the state parameter may include both the temperature and the SOC of the battery 120. In this case, the battery management system 122 may send a heating instruction to the heating device 130 when the temperature of the battery 120 is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold and the SOC of the battery 120 is greater than or equal to the first SOC threshold. The heating instruction is used to instruct the heating device 130 to heat the battery 120.

[0179] Furthermore, optionally, the battery management system 122 may also send a stop heating instruction to the heating device 130 when the battery 120 is heated to a temperature greater than or equal to a second temperature threshold, and / or the SOC of the battery 120 is less than or equal to a second SOC threshold, wherein the stop heating instruction is used to instruct the heating device 130 to stop heating the battery 120.

[0180] In an embodiment of the present application, the battery management system 122 can specifically send a heating instruction to the heating device 130 before or during the charging process of the battery 120 to instruct the heating device 130 to heat the battery 120, thereby minimizing the impact of the heating process on the charging process as much as possible.

[0181] For example, before the charging process, a heating instruction is sent to the heating device 130 , and after the heating device 130 heats the battery 120 to a temperature within a preset temperature range, the battery 120 is controlled to enter the charging process.

[0182] For another example, during the charging process, a heating instruction is sent to the heating device 130 , and the heating device 130 is used to heat the battery 120 in parallel during the charging process.

[0183] For another example, during the charging process, a heating instruction is sent to the heating device 130 , and the duration of the charging process being paused for heating is controlled. The heating device 130 is configured to heat the battery 120 within the duration.

[0184] It can be seen that the battery management system 122 can control the temperature of the battery 120 during the entire charging process to be within a preset temperature range; the battery management system 122 can also control the temperature of the battery 120 during some stages of the charging process to be within the temperature range, for example, determining which stages of the charging process the temperature is within the preset temperature range based on the state parameters of the battery 120.

[0185] For example, assuming the temperature of the battery 120 is less than a first temperature threshold, and the SOC of the battery 120 gradually increases during charging, when the SOC reaches the first SOC threshold, heating of the battery 120 may be initiated to keep the temperature within a preset temperature range. In this case, it can be assumed that the battery management system 122 controls the temperature of the battery 120 within this temperature range only during a portion of the charging process, i.e., during the period when the SOC is greater than the first SOC threshold.

[0186] The present embodiment provides two types of heating devices 130 for heating the battery 120, which are described below. It should be understood that in addition to the heating device 130 provided in the present embodiment, other devices capable of heating the battery 120 can also be used in the charging solution of the present embodiment to achieve temperature regulation of the battery 120.

[0187] Heating method 1

[0188] In this heating mode, the heating device 130 is electrically connected to the battery 120 . The heating device 130 is used to respond to a heating instruction and provide a pulse current to the battery 120 so that the battery 120 generates heat when the pulse current passes through the battery 120 .

[0189] This heating method, also known as pulse heating, internal heating, or self-heating, uses pulsed current to heat the battery 120. The heating device 130 is electrically connected to the battery 120 and, in response to heating instructions from the battery management system 122, provides a pulsed current to the battery 120. As the pulsed current passes through the battery 120, the battery 120 generates heat due to its internal resistance, thereby achieving self-heating. This heating method eliminates the need for additional hardware heating structures, reducing the structural complexity of the battery 120.

[0190] In some embodiments, the heating device 130 includes a charging device 110 for charging the battery 120. The charging device 110 is configured to charge the battery 120 based on a pulse current in response to a heating instruction. The charging device 110 may be, for example, a charging station or a charger.

[0191] Optionally, the battery management system 122 determines information about a pulse current for heating the battery 120 based on the difference between the current temperature of the battery 120 and the first temperature threshold, and sends the information to the charging device 110. The charging device 110 charges the battery 120 based on the pulse current, and in each cycle, the charging device 110 sequentially charges the battery 120 and the battery discharges to the charging device 110, thereby achieving self-heating of the battery 120 during the charging and discharging process.

[0192] In other embodiments, the heating device 130 includes a motor in the electrical device where the battery 120 is located. The motor includes a winding and a control circuit connected between the winding and the battery 120. The battery management system 122 can specifically send a heating instruction to a control module in the electrical device, such as a vehicle control unit (VCU) in a vehicle. The control module responds to the heating instruction and controls the control circuit to cause the motor to charge the battery 120 based on a pulsed current. In this way, the heat generated by the operating loss of the motor in the electrical device can be used to heat the battery 120 without consuming additional electricity.

[0193] As an example, Figure 7 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a possible heating system that utilizes a motor to heat a battery 120. As shown in Figure 7, the heating system includes a battery 120, a control circuit 131 connected to the battery 120, and a motor winding 132 connected to the control circuit 131.

[0194] The control circuit 131 can be implemented by an inverter in the motor drive system, which can be implemented, for example, by using bridge arm switches of insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), namely switches A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, and C2 shown in FIG. 7 .

[0195] Figure 7 takes a three-phase motor as an example, which includes three-phase windings, namely winding 1321, winding 1322 and winding 1323. Accordingly, the control circuit 131 is a three-phase bridge arm circuit, including three bridge arms respectively connected to the three windings, namely the bridge arm where switch A1 and switch A2 are located, the bridge arm where switch B1 and switch B2 are located, and the bridge arm where switch C1 and switch C2 are located.

[0196] During the heating process, the switches in the control circuit 131 are controlled separately based on the corresponding timing, so that the current directions of different loops formed between the battery 120, the switch, and the winding 132 are different, thereby generating a pulse current, and then alternately charging and discharging the battery 120, and heating the battery 120 in the process.

[0197] When the battery management system 122 determines that the battery 120 needs to be heated based on the state parameters of the battery 120 , it can send a heating instruction to the VCU. The VCU responds to the heating instruction and controls the control circuit 131 to heat the battery 120 through the motor.

[0198] In other embodiments, the heating device 130 includes a heating circuit, which includes an energy storage element and a switching module. The switching module is used to respond to a heating instruction to form a circuit for the energy storage element to charge the battery 120, and a circuit for the battery 120 to discharge the energy storage element, so that the energy storage element charges the battery 120 based on a pulse current.

[0199] For example, as shown in FIG8 , the heating circuit 130 includes a switch module 133 and an energy storage element 134 . The switch module 133 includes a bridge arm circuit formed by switches D1, D2, E1, and E2, wherein switches D1 and D2 are located in one bridge arm, and switches E1 and E2 are located in another bridge arm. Switches D1, D2, E1, and E2 can be, for example, IGBTs. The energy storage element 134 can include, for example, an inductor, a capacitor, or a combination of an inductor and a capacitor. FIG8 uses an inductor L as an example. One end of the inductor L is connected between switches D1 and D2, and the other end is connected between switches E1 and E2.

[0200] During the heating process, by controlling the switch in the switch module 133, a circuit is formed in which the power battery 120 discharges to the energy storage element 134, and a circuit in which the energy storage element 134 charges to the power battery 120, thereby forming a pulse current, alternately charging and discharging the battery 120, and heating the battery 120 in the process.

[0201] When the battery management system 122 determines that the battery 120 needs to be heated based on the status parameters of the battery 120 , it can send a heating instruction to the VCU. The VCU responds to the heating instruction and controls the switch module 133 to heat the battery 120 through the heating circuit 130 .

[0202] The battery 120 is heated by the additional heating circuit 130 , so that the battery 120 can be heated in advance when an electric device such as a vehicle is not yet connected to the charging device 110 or the motor of the electric device is working, thereby saving the user's time.

[0203] When heating of the battery 120 is required, the control module of an electrical device such as a vehicle may send a charging instruction to the heating circuit 130, instructing the heating circuit 130 to heat the battery 120. If the battery 120 is not yet connected to the charging device 110, the heating circuit 130 may respond to the charging instruction by heating the battery 120 to a preset temperature range and maintaining the temperature so that the battery 120 maintains the temperature within the preset temperature range for at least a portion of the charging process while connected to the charging station 110. Alternatively, the heating circuit 130 may respond to the charging instruction by heating the battery 120 to a temperature exceeding the preset temperature range so that the battery 120 maintains the temperature within the preset temperature range for at least a portion of the charging process while connected to the charging station 110.

[0204] Heating method 2

[0205] In this heating method, the battery 120 includes a heating device 130, which is arranged outside the shell of the battery 120. The heating device 130 is used to respond to a heating instruction and generate heat to heat the battery 120 through heat transfer between the heating device 130 and the battery 120.

[0206] This heating method can also be called external heating. A heating device 130 is installed on the outside of the battery 120 housing. The heating device 130 generates heat in response to heating instructions from the battery management system 122. The heat is then transferred between the heating device 130 and the battery 120 to heat the battery 120. This heating method can be performed while the battery 120 is charging, that is, the battery 120 can be heated simultaneously during the charging process without affecting the charging process of the battery 120.

[0207] In some embodiments, the heating device 130 includes a heating film, which includes a conductive layer and an insulating layer located between the conductive layer and the shell. The conductive layer is used to generate heat when current passes through and transfer the heat to the battery 120. The insulating layer is used to electrically isolate the conductive layer from the battery 120.

[0208] The conductive layer includes a resistive heating element, such as a metal heating wire, which generates heat when energized. The heating film can be attached to the surface of the battery cell 121 using, for example, an adhesive material. The generated heat can be transferred to the interior of the battery cell 121 through contact between the heating film and the surface of the battery 120. This has the advantages of a simple heating structure and can be integrated into the battery system.

[0209] In other embodiments, the heating device 130 includes a heat-generating component and a heat-conducting component, wherein the heat-conducting component contains a heat-conducting medium. The heat-generating component is used to generate heat when current passes through it, and the heat-conducting medium in the heat-conducting component is used to transfer the heat generated by the heat-generating component to the battery 120.

[0210] The heating component may be an active heating device, for example, a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heating component or a high volgate heater (HVH).

[0211] The heat-conducting component may be, for example, a water-cooled component, and the heat-conducting medium in the heat-conducting component may be a liquid. Alternatively, the heat-conducting component may reuse the water-cooling plate of the battery 120, with the heat generated by the heat-generating component being transferred to the liquid in the water-cooling plate, thereby heating or keeping the battery 120 warm.

[0212] In other embodiments, the heating device 130 may also be a passive heating device, for example, including a heat pump and a water-heating pipe arranged around the battery 120, the water-heating pipe being connected to the heat pump, and the heat pump being used to control the inflow and outflow of the liquid in the water-heating pipe for circulation, so as to heat the battery 120 through the liquid during this process. The heat source of the heat pump may, for example, be derived from the heat generated by the battery 120 during operation. The hot liquid in the water-heating pipe undergoes heat exchange after passing through the heat pump. For example, the temperature of the liquid entering the water-heating pipe from the heat pump is higher, while the temperature of the liquid flowing out of the water-heating pipe to the heat pump is lower. In this way, during the circulation of the liquid, heat is brought to the battery 120 through the liquid.

[0213] Optionally, the heat pump is provided with a control valve. The battery management system 122 can determine the opening of the control valve based on the difference between the current temperature of the battery 120 and a first temperature threshold, thereby adjusting the temperature of the liquid entering the water-heating pipe. For example, the greater the difference between the current temperature of the battery 120 and the first temperature threshold, the greater the opening of the control valve, and the higher the temperature of the liquid entering the water-heating pipe. Conversely, the smaller the difference between the current temperature of the battery 120 and the first temperature threshold, the smaller the opening of the control valve, and the relatively lower the temperature of the liquid entering the water-heating pipe.

[0214] In the embodiment of the present application, one heating mode can be configured for the battery 120, that is, only the above-mentioned heating mode 1 or heating mode 2 can be used to heat the battery 120; or both heating modes can be configured for the battery 120 at the same time, and the two heating modes can be selected or switched according to the state parameters of the battery 120. Among them, heating mode 1 is a pulse heating mode, which uses a pulse current to heat the battery 120; heating mode 2 is an external heating mode, which heats the battery 120 through heat transfer between the heating device 130 and the battery 120.

[0215] In some embodiments, the battery management system 122 may determine a heating method for heating the battery 120 based on the temperature of the battery 120 , and send a heating instruction to the corresponding heating device 130 based on the determined heating method.

[0216] Since different heating methods are applied in different scenarios, such as heating efficiency and the ambient temperature of the battery 120, a suitable heating method can be selected according to the temperature of the battery 120 to improve the heating efficiency and shorten the time for the battery 120 to reach the preset temperature range.

[0217] Optionally, when the temperature of the battery 120 is lower than a third temperature threshold, the heating method is determined to be a method of heating the battery 120 based on a pulse current, that is, the above-mentioned heating method 1; when the temperature of the battery 120 is higher than the third temperature threshold, the heating method is determined to be a method of heating the battery 120 by external heating, that is, the above-mentioned heating method 2.

[0218] Specifically, the third temperature threshold can be determined based on the heating rate during the pulse heating process, for example. When the temperature of the battery 120 is equal to the third temperature threshold, the heating rate of the battery 120 during the process of heating the battery 120 by pulse heating can be substantially the same as the heating rate corresponding to the heating of the battery 120 by external heating. Optionally, the third temperature threshold can be set to be between 0°C and 20°C, and further, can be between 0°C and 10°C, for example, 0°C, 2°C, 3°C, 4°C, 5°C, 10°C, 15°C or 20°C. Since the heating rate corresponding to the pulse heating method is about 2°C / minute, when the battery 120 is heated to the third temperature threshold, the internal resistance of the battery 120 changes, which causes the heating rate to decrease. At this time, the battery 120 can be heated by external heating.

[0219] In some embodiments, the battery management system 122 may further determine a heating mode for heating the battery 120 based on the temperature rise rates of the battery 120 under different heating modes. For example, when the temperature of the battery 120 reaches a third temperature threshold, the pulse heating mode is switched to the external heating mode, and the temperature rise rate of the battery 120 corresponding to the external heating mode is measured. If the temperature rise rate of the battery 120 does not improve significantly or even decreases, for example, if the temperature rise rate corresponding to the external heating mode is lower than the temperature rise rate corresponding to the pulse heating mode, and the difference between the temperature rise rates corresponding to the external heating mode and the pulse heating mode is greater than a certain temperature rise threshold, the external heating mode may be switched back to the pulse heating mode.

[0220] Generally, when the battery 120 is heated by pulse heating, the charging device 110 cannot perform conventional charging on the battery 120 at the same time; when the battery 120 is heated by external heating, the charging device 110 can perform conventional charging on the battery at the same time.

[0221] Optionally, when the battery 120 is not connected to the charging device 110, the pulse heating method can be disabled and an external heating method can be called. For example, a heat pump heating method can be called to heat the battery 120 to save energy and protect the battery SOC.

[0222] Optionally, when the SOC of battery 120 is low, other heating methods that require consuming the SOC of battery 120 can be disabled; when the SOC of battery 120 is high, multiple external heating methods including heat pump heating can be used simultaneously to heat battery 120.

[0223] In the embodiment of the present application, one or more charging methods can be used to conventionally charge the battery 120, such as one or more of constant current charging, constant voltage charging, constant power charging, constant current followed by constant voltage charging, etc.

[0224] Taking constant current followed by constant voltage charging as an example, the battery management system 122 sends charging parameters to the charging device 110, which include information on constant current and constant voltage, so that the charging device 110 charges the battery 120 based on a constant current, and when the battery 120 is charged based on a constant current to a voltage greater than or equal to a voltage threshold, the battery 120 is charged based on a constant voltage until the battery 120 reaches a fully charged state.

[0225] After constant current charging, the battery 120 is further charged at a constant voltage, which can help eliminate the polarization inside the battery cell 121, and further fully utilize the capacity of the battery 120 while increasing the charging rate.

[0226] Optionally, when the SOC of the battery 120 is greater than or equal to a certain threshold, the battery 120 can be charged with a constant current based on a first constant current until a voltage threshold is reached, and then the battery can be charged with a constant voltage based on a first constant voltage until it reaches a fully charged state; or, when the SOC of the battery 120 is less than the threshold, the battery 120 can be charged with a second constant current until its SOC reaches the threshold, and then the battery 120 can be charged with a constant current based on the first constant current until it reaches a voltage threshold, and then the battery can be charged with a constant voltage based on the first constant voltage until it reaches a fully charged state.

[0227] The first constant current used in the constant current charging stage may be, for example, between 0.01C and 0.1C, and / or the first constant voltage used in the constant voltage charging stage may be between 3.95V and 4.35V.

[0228] The battery 120 and the corresponding charging method 200 described above have a good charging effect on the battery 120 whose positive electrode active material is LiMPO4 material, and can improve the charging capacity and charging rate of the battery 120.

[0229] The above methods, steps, processes, etc. can all be executed by the battery management system 122 of the battery 120, that is, the battery management system 122 can be used to execute these methods, steps, processes, etc.

[0230] The embodiments of the present application can be applied to various types of batteries, particularly batteries 120 using LiMPO4 as a positive electrode active material, wherein M in the LiMPO4 material may include Mn and Fe. The LiMPO4 material is described in detail below.

[0231] As a way to realize LiMPO4 material, LiMPO4 can be chemically formulated as LiMn 1-y Fe y PO4 compound, wherein y is any value in the range of 0.001 to 0.5.

[0232] LiMn compound 0.80 Fe 0.20 PO4 as an example, for the compound LiMn 0.80 Fe 0.20 The preparation method of PO4 is described below. The preparation method may include the following steps.

[0233] In step S1 , Fe-doped manganese oxalate is prepared.

[0234] For example, 919.4 g of manganese carbonate and 231.7 g of ferrous carbonate can be added to a mixer and thoroughly mixed for 6 hours. The resulting mixture is then transferred to a reactor, 5 L of deionized water and 1260.6 g of oxalic acid dihydrate are added, and the mixture is heated to 80° C. and stirred at 500 rpm for 6 hours to mix uniformly, until the reaction terminates and no bubbles are generated, to obtain an Fe-doped manganese oxalate suspension. The suspension is then filtered, dried at 120° C., and sand-milled to obtain ferromanganese oxalate particles with a particle size of 100 nm.

[0235] In step S2, LiMn is prepared 0.80 Fe 0.20 PO4.

[0236] For example, the manganese oxalate iron (C2O4Mn 0.80 Fe 0.20 1791.4 g of nitric acid (calculated as nitric acid 2H2O), 369.4 g of lithium carbonate, and 1150.1 g of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate were added to 20 L of deionized water and stirred thoroughly. The mixture was uniformly mixed and reacted at 80°C for 10 hours to obtain a slurry. The slurry was transferred to a spray dryer for spray drying and granulation, and then dried at 250°C to obtain a powder. The powder was sintered in a roller kiln at 700°C for 4 hours in a protective atmosphere such as 90% nitrogen and 10% hydrogen.

[0237] As another implementation of LiMPO4 material, LiMPO4 can be chemically 1+t Mn 1-c Fe c P 1-z R z O4 compound, wherein t is any value in the range of -0.100 to 0.100, c is any value in the range of 0.001 to 0.500, z is any value in the range of 0.001 to 0.100, and R includes one or more elements selected from B, S, Si and N.

[0238] The values ​​of t, c, and z are configured so that the entire compound remains electrically neutral. Optionally, the ratio of c to 1-c can be 1:10 to 1:1, further 1:4 to 1:1, where c represents the sum of the stoichiometric amounts of the Mn-site doping elements Fe. Optionally, the ratio of z to 1-z can be 1:9 to 1:999, further 1:499 to 1:249, where z represents the sum of the stoichiometric amounts of the P-site doping elements R.

[0239] For example, the compound Li 1+t Mn 1-c Fe c P 1-z Rz The preparation method of O4 may include the following steps.

[0240] In step S1, a manganese source, an iron source, and an acid are dissolved in a solvent and stirred to generate a suspension of a manganese salt doped with elemental Fe. The suspension is filtered and a filter cake is dried to obtain a manganese salt doped with elemental Fe.

[0241] In step S2, a lithium source, a phosphorus source, a source of element R, a solvent, and the manganese salt doped with element Fe obtained in step S1 are added to a reaction container, ground and mixed to obtain a slurry.

[0242] In step S3, the slurry obtained in step S2 is transferred to a spray drying device for spray drying and granulation to obtain granules.

[0243] In step S4, the particles obtained in step S3 are sintered to obtain a positive electrode active material.

[0244] The manganese source is, for example, a manganese-containing substance that can be used to prepare lithium manganese phosphate, including but not limited to one or a combination of elemental manganese, manganese dioxide, manganese phosphate, manganese oxalate, and manganese carbonate. The iron source is, for example, selected from at least one of elemental iron, oxides, phosphates, oxalates, carbonates, and sulfates. The acid is, for example, selected from one or more of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and organic acids, such as oxalic acid. The source of element R is, for example, selected from at least one of element R sulfates, borates, nitrates, and silicates.

[0245] Compound Li 1.001 Mn 0.999 Fe 0.001 P 0.999 Si 0.001 For example, O4 can be prepared by:

[0246] In step S1 , Fe-doped manganese oxalate is prepared.

[0247] For example, 1148.2 g of manganese carbonate and 1.2 g of ferrous carbonate were added to a mixer and thoroughly mixed for 1 hour. The resulting mixture was then transferred to a reactor, 5 L of deionized water and 1260.6 g of oxalic acid dihydrate were added, and the mixture was heated to 80° C. and stirred at 500 rpm for 6 hours to mix uniformly until the reaction terminated and no bubbles were generated, thereby obtaining an Fe-doped manganese oxalate suspension. The suspension was then filtered, dried at 120° C., and sand-milled to obtain ferromanganese oxalate particles with a particle size of 100 nm.

[0248] Step S2: Preparation of Li 1.001 Mn 0.999 Fe 0.001 P 0.999 Si 0.001O4.

[0249] Take the manganese oxalate iron (C2O4Mn 0.999 Fe 0.001 1789.6 g of nitric acid (calculated as nitric acid, 2H2O), 369.8 g of lithium carbonate, 1148.9 g of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.8 g of silicic acid were added to 20 L of deionized water, stirred thoroughly, and uniformly mixed at 80°C for 10 hours to obtain a slurry. The slurry was transferred to a spray dryer for spray drying and granulation, and then dried at 250°C to obtain a powder. The powder was sintered in a roller kiln at 700°C for 4 hours in a protective atmosphere, such as 90% nitrogen and 10% hydrogen.

[0250] As another implementation of LiMPO4 material, LiMPO4 can be chemically 1+w C m Mn 1-u Fe u P 1-a R a O 4- n D n A compound wherein C comprises one or more elements selected from Zn, Al, Na, K, Mg, Nb, Mo, and W, R comprises one or more elements selected from B, S, Si, and N, D comprises one or more elements selected from S, F, Cl, and Br, w is any value within the range of -0.100 to 0.100, u is any value within the range of 0.001 to 0.500, a is any value within the range of 0.001 to 0.100, n is any value within the range of 0.001 to 0.1, and m is any value within the range of 0.9 to 1.1.

[0251] Similarly, the values ​​of w, u, a, and m described above are configured so that the entire compound remains electrically neutral.

[0252] For example, the compound Li 1+w C m Mn 1-u Fe u P 1-a R a O 4-n D n The preparation method may include the following steps.

[0253] In step S1, a manganese source, an iron source, and an acid are dissolved in a solvent and stirred to generate a suspension of a manganese salt doped with elemental Fe. The suspension is filtered and a filter cake is dried to obtain a manganese salt doped with elemental Fe.

[0254] In step S2, a lithium source, a phosphorus source, a source of element C, a source of element R, a source of element D, a solvent, and the manganese salt doped with element Fe obtained in step S1 are added to a reaction container, ground and mixed to obtain a slurry.

[0255] In step S3, the slurry obtained in step S2 is transferred to a spray drying device for spray drying and granulation to obtain granules.

[0256] In step S4, the particles obtained in step S3 are sintered to obtain a positive electrode active material.

[0257] The source of element C is, for example, selected from at least one of a simple substance, oxide, phosphate, oxalate, carbonate, and sulfate of element C. The manganese source is, for example, a manganese-containing substance that can be used to prepare lithium manganese phosphate, including but not limited to one or a combination of simple manganese, manganese dioxide, manganese phosphate, manganese oxalate, and manganese carbonate. The iron source is, for example, selected from at least one of a simple substance, oxide, phosphate, oxalate, carbonate, and sulfate of iron. The acid is, for example, selected from one or more of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and an organic acid, and may be, for example, oxalic acid. The source of element R is, for example, selected from at least one of a sulfate, borate, nitrate, and silicate of element R. The source of element D is, for example, selected from at least one of a simple substance and an ammonium salt of element D.

[0258] The positive electrode active material may contain Li 1+w C m Mn 1-u Fe u P 1-a R a O 4-n D nIn the case of , the size of x is affected by the valence size of Fe and R and the size of y and z to ensure that the entire system is electrically neutral. If the value of x is too small, the lithium content of the entire system will be reduced, affecting the gram capacity of the material. The y value will limit the total amount of all doping elements. If y is too small, that is, the doping amount is too little, the doping element will not work. If y exceeds 0.5, the Mn content in the system will be less, affecting the voltage platform of the material. The R element is doped in the position of P. Since the PO tetrahedron is more stable, and the z value is too large, it will affect the stability of the material. Therefore, the a value is limited to 0.001 to 0.100. More specifically, w is any value in the range of -0.100 to 0.100, u is any value in the range of 0.001 to 0.500, a is any value in the range of 0.001 to 0.100, n is any value in the range of 0.001 to 0.1, and m is any value in the range of 0.9 to 1.1. For example, the 1+x is selected from the range of 0.9 to 1.1, for example, 0.97, 0.977, 0.984, 0.988, 0.99, 0.991, 0.992, 0.993, 0.994, 0.995, 0.996, 0.997, 0.998, 1.01, the x is selected from the range of 0.001 to 0.1, for example, 0.001, 0.005, the y is selected from the range of 0.001 to 0.5, for example, 0.001 , 0.005, 0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.34, 0.345, 0.349, 0.35, 0.4, the z is selected from the range of 0.001 to 0.1, for example, 0.001, 0.005, 0.08, 0.1, the n is selected from the range of 0.001 to 0.1, for example, 0.001, 0.005, 0.08, 0.1, and the positive electrode active material is electrically neutral.

[0259] Unless otherwise specified, in the above chemical formula, when a doping site has two or more elements, the above numerical ranges for w, u, a, or m are not only limited to the stoichiometric number of each element as the site, but also to the sum of the stoichiometric numbers of the elements as the site. For example, in a doping site with the chemical formula Li 1+w Mn 1- u Fe u P 1-a R aIn the case of a compound containing O4, if R is two or more elements R1, R2, ..., Rn, the stoichiometric numbers z1, z2, ..., zn of R1, R2, ..., Rn must each fall within the numerical range specified for z in this application, and the sum of z1, z2, ..., zn must also fall within this numerical range. Similarly, for the case where C is two or more elements, the numerical range of the stoichiometric number of C also has the above meaning.

[0260] With the development of charging technology, in the embodiment of the present application, the charging device 110 can not only serve as an energy source to provide electrical energy to the battery 120, but can also serve as a control device to control the above-mentioned charging process and the heating process performed during the charging process or before and after the charging process.

[0261] In this scenario, the battery management system 122 of the battery 120 is used to collect status parameters of the battery 120 , and the charging device 110 can control the temperature of the battery 120 according to the status parameters.

[0262] For example, as shown in FIG9 , the present application also provides a charging device 110 that not only serves as an energy source to provide electrical energy to the battery 120 but also serves as a control device to control the aforementioned charging process and the heating process performed during, before, or after the charging process. The following describes the charging device 110 in this scenario.

[0263] The charging device 110 includes a charging module 111 and a control module 112. The charging module 111 is used to charge the battery 120; the control module 112 is used to respond to charging instructions and control the temperature of the battery 120 so that the temperature of the battery 120 is within a preset temperature range during at least part of the charging process.

[0264] In this embodiment, the charging device 110 may also be configured with a function of temperature control for the battery 120 to control the temperature of the battery 120 to be within a preset temperature range during at least part of the charging process, thereby reducing the complexity of the battery management system 122 .

[0265] For example, the control module 112 is specifically configured to obtain information about the positive electrode active material of the battery 120 ; and control the temperature of the battery 120 when the positive electrode active material includes LiMPO 4 , where M includes Mn and Fe.

[0266] In some embodiments, the charging device 110 further includes a transceiver module for receiving the charging instruction.

[0267] In some embodiments, the control module 112 is specifically used to determine whether the charging device 110 is reserved or occupied; the transceiver module is also used to send a charging rejection instruction when the control module 112 determines that the charging device 110 is reserved or occupied, and the charging rejection instruction is used to indicate that the charging device 110 is reserved or occupied.

[0268] In some embodiments, the transceiver module is also used to send a charging permission instruction when the control module 112 determines that the charging device 110 is not reserved or occupied, and receive a charging reservation instruction, which is used to request a reservation for the charging device 110.

[0269] In some embodiments, the control module 112 is specifically configured to receive status parameters of the battery 120 sent by the battery management system 122 of the battery 120 ; and control the temperature of the battery 120 according to the status parameters.

[0270] For example, the state parameter includes the temperature of the battery 120 .

[0271] The control module 112 is specifically configured to send a heating instruction to the battery management system 122 when the temperature of the battery 120 is less than or equal to a first temperature threshold. The heating instruction is configured to instruct the battery management system 122 to control the heating device 130 to heat the battery 120 .

[0272] Furthermore, the control module 112 is also used to send a stop heating instruction to the battery management system 122 when the battery 120 is heated to a temperature greater than or equal to a second temperature threshold, and the second temperature threshold is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold. The stop heating instruction is used to instruct the battery management system 122 to control the heating device 130 to stop heating the battery 120.

[0273] For another example, the state parameter includes the SOC of the battery 120 .

[0274] The control module 112 is specifically configured to send a heating instruction to the battery management system 122 when the temperature of the battery 120 is less than or equal to a first temperature threshold and the SOC of the battery 120 is greater than or equal to a first SOC threshold.

[0275] Furthermore, the control module 112 is specifically configured to send a stop heating instruction to the battery management system 122 when the battery 120 is heated to a temperature greater than or equal to a second temperature threshold and / or the SOC of the battery 120 is less than or equal to a second SOC threshold.

[0276] In some embodiments, the first SOC threshold and / or the second SOC threshold are determined based on the molar fraction of the Fe element in the iron and manganese elements of the positive electrode active material. For example, the first SOC threshold and / or the second SOC threshold are the product of the SOC of the battery 120 in a fully charged state and the molar fraction.

[0277] In an embodiment of the present application, the charging device 110 can specifically send a heating instruction to the battery management system 122 before or during the charging process of the battery 120 to heat the battery 120, thereby minimizing the impact of the heating process on the charging process. For example, before the charging process, the heating instruction is sent to the battery management system 122, and when the heating device 130 heats the battery 120 to a temperature within a temperature range, the battery 120 is controlled to enter the charging process; for another example, during the charging process, the heating instruction is sent to the battery management system 122, and the heating device 130 is used to heat the battery 120 in parallel with the charging process; for another example, during the charging process, the heating instruction is sent to the battery management system 122, and the duration of the charging process paused for heating is controlled, and the heating device 130 is used to heat the battery 120 within the duration.

[0278] In some embodiments, the heating device 130 is electrically connected to the battery 120 , and the battery management system 122 is used to respond to a heating instruction and control the heating device 130 to provide a pulse current to the battery 120 so that the battery 120 generates heat when the pulse current passes through the battery 120 .

[0279] In some embodiments, the battery 120 includes a heating device 130, which is disposed outside the housing of the battery 120. The battery 120 management module is used to respond to a heating instruction and control the heating device 130 to generate heat so as to heat the battery 120 through heat transfer between the heating device 130 and the battery 120.

[0280] In some embodiments, the control module 112 is also used to determine a heating method for heating the battery 120 based on the temperature of the battery 120; and send a heating instruction to the battery management system 122 of the battery 120 based on the heating method, and the heating instruction is used to control the corresponding heating device 130 to heat the battery 120.

[0281] For example, the control module 112 is specifically used to, when the temperature of the battery 120 is lower than the third temperature threshold, determine that the heating method is the first heating method, and the first heating method is a method of heating the battery 120 based on a pulse current; when the temperature of the battery 120 is higher than the third temperature threshold, determine that the heating method is the second heating method, and the second heating method is a method of heating the battery 120 by heat transfer.

[0282] Before the battery 120 is connected to the charging device 110, the charging device 110 receives a charging instruction. If the charging device 110 has been reserved or occupied, it returns a charging rejection instruction in response to the charging instruction; if the charging device 110 has not been reserved or occupied, it returns a charging permission instruction in response to the charging instruction, indicating that it can charge the battery 120.

[0283] After the battery 120 is connected to the charging device 110, information about the battery 120 can be obtained. When the battery 120 matches the charging device, for example, when the positive electrode active material used by the battery 120 is LiMPO4, or when it is determined that the battery 120 matches the charging device 110 by identifying the battery identification, it can be determined based on the above-mentioned third temperature threshold whether to use the first heating method or the second heating method to heat the battery 120.

[0284] Furthermore, as the temperature of the battery 120 increases, after reaching the third temperature threshold and switching from the first heating mode to the second heating mode, the temperature rise rate of the battery 120 can be measured, and if the temperature rise rate does not increase significantly or even decreases, the second heating mode can be switched back to the first heating mode.

[0285] In some embodiments, the charging module 111 is further configured to receive charging parameters sent by the battery management system 122 of the battery 120, the charging parameters including constant current and constant voltage information; charge the battery 120 based on the constant current; and, when the battery 120 is charged based on the constant current to a voltage greater than or equal to a voltage threshold, charge the battery 120 based on the constant voltage until the battery 120 is fully charged. Charging the battery 120 using a constant current followed by a constant voltage charging method can further increase the charging capacity of the battery 120 while increasing the charging rate.

[0286] It is understood that the specific details of how the charging device 110 controls the temperature of the battery 120 can be found in the aforementioned description of how the battery management system 122 controls the temperature of the battery 120. The corresponding temperature control logic is similar, but the hardware control is implemented by the charging device 110. For the sake of brevity, this description will not be repeated here.

[0287] The present application also provides a charging method for a battery 120 , which is executed by a charging device 110 . The specific details of the charging method can refer to the aforementioned description of the charging method 200 . The corresponding temperature control logic is similar, but the methods, steps, processes, etc. executed by the battery management system 122 are replaced by those executed by the charging device 110 .

[0288] The transmission of information or instructions between the charging device 110 and the heating device 130, and between the charging device 110 and the control unit in the electric device, can be indirectly transmitted through the battery management system 122. Of course, if feasible, the charging device 110 can also transmit information or instructions directly to the heating device 130 or the control module in the electric device, such as the VCU, without going through the battery management system 122.

[0289] Specifically, the charging method includes: responding to a charging instruction and controlling the temperature of the battery 120 so that the temperature of the battery 120 is within a preset temperature range during at least part of the charging process.

[0290] The temperature range includes, for example, at least one of the following ranges: 30°C to 60°C, 30°C to 55°C, 30°C to 50°C, 30°C to 45°C, 30°C to 40°C, 40°C to 50°C, 40°C to 45°C.

[0291] In some embodiments, controlling the temperature of the battery 120 includes: obtaining information of the positive electrode active material of the battery 120; and controlling the temperature of the battery 120 when the positive electrode active material includes LiMPO4, where M includes Mn and Fe.

[0292] In some embodiments, controlling the temperature of the battery 120 includes: receiving a state parameter of the battery 120 sent by a battery management system 122 of the battery 120 ; and controlling the temperature of the battery 120 according to the state parameter.

[0293] In some embodiments, the status parameter includes the temperature of the battery 120, and the temperature of the battery 120 is controlled according to the status parameter, including: when the temperature of the battery 120 is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold, sending a heating instruction to the battery management system 122, and the heating instruction is used to instruct the battery management system 122 to control the heating device 130 to heat the battery 120.

[0294] In some embodiments, the charging method also includes: when the battery 120 is heated to a temperature greater than or equal to a second temperature threshold, sending a stop heating instruction to the battery management system 122, the second temperature threshold is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold, and the stop heating instruction is used to instruct the battery management system 122 to control the heating device 130 to stop heating the battery 120.

[0295] In some embodiments, the status parameter also includes the SOC of the battery 120. When the temperature of the battery 120 is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold, a heating instruction is sent to the heating device 130, including: when the temperature of the battery 120 is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold and the SOC of the battery 120 is greater than or equal to the first SOC threshold, a heating instruction is sent to the battery management system 122.

[0296] In some embodiments, the charging method further includes: sending a stop heating instruction to the battery management system 122 when the battery 120 is heated to a temperature greater than or equal to a second temperature threshold, and / or the SOC of the battery 120 is less than or equal to a second SOC threshold.

[0297] In some embodiments, the first SOC threshold and / or the second SOC threshold are determined based on the molar fraction of the iron element in the iron and manganese elements of the positive electrode active material. For example, the first SOC threshold and / or the second SOC threshold are the product of the SOC of the battery 120 in a fully charged state and the molar fraction.

[0298] The present application also provides a battery management system for executing the charging method 200 of the battery 120 described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the positive electrode active material of the battery 120 includes LiMPO4, wherein M includes Mn and Fe elements.

[0299] The present application also provides an electrical device, comprising the battery 120 described in any of the above embodiments, and the battery 120 is used to provide power for the electrical device.

[0300] The electrical device may be, for example, a mobile phone, a portable device, a laptop computer, an electric vehicle, an electric toy, an electric tool, an electric vehicle, a ship, and a spacecraft, etc. For example, the spacecraft includes an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, and a spacecraft, etc.

[0301] As an example, as shown in FIG10 , it is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle 1 according to an embodiment of the present application. The vehicle 1 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle. The new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc. A motor 30, a controller 20 and a battery 120 may be provided inside the vehicle 1. The controller 20 is used to control the battery 120 to supply power to the motor 30. For example, a battery 120 may be provided at the bottom, front or rear of the vehicle 1. The battery 120 may be used to power the vehicle 1. For example, the battery 120 may be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1, for the circuit system of the vehicle 1, for example, for the working power requirements during the start-up, navigation and operation of the vehicle 1. In another embodiment of the present application, the battery 120 may not only serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1, but also as a driving power source for the vehicle 1, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1.

[0302] The present application also provides a charging device, including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory to execute the method performed by the battery management system 122 or the charging device 110 in any of the above embodiments.

[0303] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a computing device, the computing device implements the method performed by the battery management system 122 or the charging device 110 in any of the above embodiments. Optionally, the computer program can be the computer program in the battery management system 122 or the charging device 110 described above.

[0304] It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments and / or technical features in each embodiment described in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other, and the technical solution obtained after the combination should also fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0305] In various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial number of each process does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0306] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0307] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0308] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0309] The various implementation methods described in this specification can be implemented individually or in combination, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0310] Although the present application has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications may be made thereto and components may be substituted with equivalents without departing from the scope of the present application. In particular, the various technical features described in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there are no structural conflicts. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but encompasses all technical solutions within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery, characterized in that: include: at least one battery cell, wherein the positive electrode active material of the battery cell comprises LiMPO4, wherein M comprises Mn element and Fe element; and The battery management system is used to respond to a charging instruction and control the temperature of the battery so that the temperature of the battery is within a preset temperature range at least in part of the stages during the charging process.

2. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The battery management system is specifically used for: Acquiring a state parameter of the battery; The temperature of the battery is controlled according to the state parameter.

3. The battery according to claim 2, characterized in that The state parameter includes the temperature of the battery, and the battery management system is specifically used to: When the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to a first temperature threshold, a heating instruction is sent to a heating device, where the heating instruction is used to instruct the heating device to heat the battery.

4. The battery according to claim 3, characterized in that The battery management system is also used to: When the battery is heated to a temperature greater than or equal to a second temperature threshold, a stop heating instruction is sent to the heating device, the second temperature threshold is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold, and the stop heating instruction is used to instruct the heating device to stop heating the battery.

5. The battery according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The state parameter also includes the SOC of the battery, and the battery management system is specifically used to: When the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold and the SOC of the battery is greater than or equal to a first SOC threshold, the heating instruction is sent to the heating device.

6. The battery according to claim 5, characterized in that The battery management system is also used to: When the battery is heated to a temperature greater than or equal to a second temperature threshold, and / or the SOC of the battery is less than or equal to a second SOC threshold, a stop heating instruction is sent to the heating device.

7. The battery according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The first SOC threshold and / or the second SOC threshold is determined based on the molar ratio of the iron element in the iron and manganese elements of the positive electrode active material.

8. The battery according to claim 7, characterized in that The first SOC threshold and / or the second SOC threshold is the product of the SOC of the battery in a fully charged state and the molar fraction.

9. The battery according to any one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that The battery management system is specifically used for: Before the charging process, sending the heating instruction to the heating device, and when the heating device heats the battery to a temperature within the temperature range, controlling the battery to enter the charging process; or, During the charging process, sending the heating instruction to the heating device, the heating device is used to heat the battery in parallel during the charging process; or, During the charging process, the heating instruction is sent to the heating device, and the duration of the charging process being paused for heating is controlled, and the heating device is used to heat the battery within the duration.

10. The battery according to any one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that The heating device is electrically connected to the battery, and is used for responding to the heating instruction and providing a pulse current to the battery, so that the battery generates heat when the pulse current passes through the battery.

11. The battery according to claim 10, characterized in that The heating device includes a charging device for charging the battery, wherein the charging device is configured to charge the battery based on the pulse current in response to the heating instruction.

12. The battery according to claim 10, characterized in that The heating device includes a motor in the electrical equipment where the battery is located, the motor includes a winding, and a control circuit connected between the winding and the battery, and the battery management system is specifically used to: The heating instruction is sent to a vehicle control unit in the electrical device, and the vehicle control unit is used to respond to the heating instruction and control the control circuit so that the motor charges the battery based on the pulse current.

13. The battery according to claim 10, characterized in that The heating device includes a heating circuit, which includes an energy storage element and a switch module. The switch module is used to respond to the heating instruction to form a circuit for the energy storage element to charge the battery and a circuit for the battery to discharge the energy storage element, so that the energy storage element charges the battery based on the pulse current.

14. The battery according to any one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that The battery includes the heating device, which is arranged outside the battery housing. The heating device is used to generate heat in response to the heating instruction, so as to heat the battery through heat transfer between the heating device and the battery.

15. The battery according to claim 14, characterized in that The heating device includes a heating film, which includes a conductive layer and an insulating layer located between the conductive layer and the shell. The conductive layer is used to generate heat when current passes through it and transfer the heat to the battery. The insulating layer is used to electrically isolate the conductive layer from the battery.

16. The battery according to claim 14, characterized in that The heating device includes a heat-generating component and a heat-conducting component. The heat-conducting component contains a heat-conducting medium. The heat-generating component is used to generate heat when current passes through it. The heat-conducting medium in the heat-conducting component is used to transfer the heat generated by the heat-generating component to the battery.

17. The battery according to claim 14, characterized in that The heating device includes a water-heating pipe arranged around the battery, the water-heating pipe is connected to a heat pump, and the heat pump is used to control the circulation inflow and outflow of liquid in the water-heating pipe, so as to heat the battery through the liquid in the process.

18. The battery according to any one of claims 3 to 17, characterized in that The battery management system is also used to: determining a heating method for heating the battery according to the temperature of the battery; According to the heating method, the heating instruction is sent to the corresponding heating device.

19. The battery according to claim 18, characterized in that The battery management system is specifically used for: When the temperature of the battery is less than a third temperature threshold, determining that the heating method is a first heating method, wherein the first heating method is a method of heating the battery based on a pulse current; When the temperature of the battery is greater than the third temperature threshold, the heating method is determined to be a second heating method, where the second heating method is a method of heating the battery by heat transfer.

20. The battery according to any one of claims 3 to 19, characterized in that The battery management system is also used to: Determining a heating method for heating the battery according to the temperature rise rate of the battery under different heating methods; According to the heating method, the heating instruction is sent to the corresponding heating device.

21. The battery according to claim 20, characterized in that The battery management system is specifically used for: Determine that the heating method of the battery is a heating method with a higher temperature rise rate corresponding to a first heating method and a second heating method, wherein the first heating method is a method of heating the battery based on a pulse current, and the second heating method is a method of heating the battery by heat transfer.

22. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that The battery management system is also used to: Sending charging parameters to a charging device, wherein the charging parameters include information of a constant current and a constant voltage, so that the charging device charges the battery based on the constant current, and when the battery is charged to a voltage greater than or equal to a voltage threshold based on the constant current, charging the battery based on the constant voltage until the battery reaches a fully charged state.

23. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that The temperature range includes at least one of the following ranges: 30°C to 60°C, 30°C to 55°C, 30°C to 50°C, 30°C to 45°C, 30°C to 40°C, 40°C to 50°C, 40°C to 45°C.

24. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that The positive electrode active material includes at least one of the following materials: LiMn 1-y Fe y PO4, where y is any value in the range of 0.001 to 0.5; Li 1+t Mn 1-c Fe c P 1-z R z O4, wherein t is any value in the range of -0.100 to 0.100, c is any value in the range of 0.001 to 0.500, z is any value in the range of 0.001 to 0.100, and R includes one or more elements selected from B, S, Si and N; Li 1+w C m Mn 1-u Fe u P 1-a R a O 4-n D n , wherein C includes one or more elements selected from Zn, Al, Na, K, Mg, Nb, Mo and W, R includes one or more elements selected from B, S, Si and N, D includes one or more elements selected from S, F, Cl and Br, w is any value in the range of -0.100 to 0.100, u is any value in the range of 0.001 to 0.500, a is any value in the range of 0.001 to 0.100, n is any value in the range of 0.001 to 0.1, and m is any value in the range of 0.9 to 1.

1.

25. A charging device, characterized in that: include: A charging module, used for charging the battery; The control module is used to respond to the charging instruction and control the temperature of the battery so that the temperature of the battery at least in part of the stage during the charging process is within a preset temperature range.

26. The charging device according to claim 25, characterized in that: The control module is specifically used for: Acquiring information of the positive electrode active material of the battery; In the case where the positive electrode active material includes LiMPO 4 , wherein M includes Mn element and Fe element, the temperature of the battery is controlled.

27. The charging device according to claim 25 or 26, characterized in that: The charging device also includes a transceiver module for receiving the charging instruction.

28. The charging device according to claim 27, characterized in that: The control module is specifically used to determine whether the charging device is reserved or occupied; The transceiver module is further used to send a charging rejection instruction when the control module determines that the charging device is reserved or occupied, and the charging rejection instruction is used to indicate that the charging device is reserved or occupied.

29. The charging device according to claim 28, characterized in that: The transceiver module is further used to send a charging permission instruction when the control module determines that the charging device is not reserved or occupied, and the charging permission instruction is used to indicate that the charging device is not reserved or occupied; A charging reservation instruction is received, wherein the charging reservation instruction is used to request a reservation of the charging device.

30. The charging device according to any one of claims 26 to 29, characterized in that: The control module is specifically used for: Receiving a state parameter of the battery sent by a battery management system of the battery; The temperature of the battery is controlled according to the state parameter.

31. The charging device according to claim 30, characterized in that: The state parameter includes the temperature of the battery, and the control module is specifically used to: When the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to a first temperature threshold, a heating instruction is sent to the battery management system, where the heating instruction is used to instruct the battery management system to control a heating device to heat the battery.

32. The charging device according to claim 31, characterized in that: The control module is also used to: When the battery is heated to a temperature greater than or equal to a second temperature threshold, a stop heating instruction is sent to the battery management system, and the second temperature threshold is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold. The stop heating instruction is used to instruct the battery management system to control the heating device to stop heating the battery.

33. The charging device according to claim 31 or 32, characterized in that: The state parameter also includes the SOC of the battery, and the control module is specifically used to: When the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold and the SOC of the battery is greater than or equal to a first SOC threshold, the heating instruction is sent to the battery management system.

34. The charging device according to claim 33, characterized in that: The control module is specifically used for: When the battery is heated to a temperature greater than or equal to a second temperature threshold, and / or the SOC of the battery is less than or equal to a second SOC threshold, a stop heating instruction is sent to the battery management system.

35. The charging device according to claim 33 or 34, characterized in that: The first SOC threshold and / or the second SOC threshold are determined based on the molar ratio of the iron element in the iron and manganese elements of the positive electrode active material.

36. The charging device according to claim 35, characterized in that: The first SOC threshold and / or the second SOC threshold is the product of the SOC of the battery in a fully charged state and the molar fraction.

37. The charging device according to any one of claims 31 to 36, characterized in that: The control module is also used to: determining a heating method for heating the battery according to the temperature of the battery; According to the heating method, the heating instruction is sent to the battery management system of the battery, and the heating instruction is used to control the corresponding heating device to heat the battery.

38. The charging device according to claim 37, characterized in that: The control module is specifically used for: When the temperature of the battery is less than a third temperature threshold, determining that the heating method is a first heating method, wherein the first heating method is a method of heating the battery based on a pulse current; When the temperature of the battery is greater than the third temperature threshold, the heating method is determined to be a second heating method, where the second heating method is a method of heating the battery by heat transfer.

39. The charging device according to any one of claims 31 to 38, characterized in that: The battery management system is also used to: Determining a heating method for heating the battery according to the temperature rise rate of the battery under different heating methods; According to the heating method, the heating instruction is sent to the corresponding heating device.

40. The charging device according to claim 39, characterized in that: The battery management system is specifically used for: Determine that the heating method of the battery is a heating method with a higher temperature rise rate corresponding to a first heating method and a second heating method, wherein the first heating method is a method of heating the battery based on a pulse current, and the second heating method is a method of heating the battery by heat transfer.

41. The charging device according to any one of claims 25 to 40, characterized in that: The temperature range includes at least one of the following ranges: 30°C to 60°C, 30°C to 55°C, 30°C to 50°C, 30°C to 45°C, 30°C to 40°C, 40°C to 50°C, 40°C to 45°C.

42. A battery charging method, characterized in that: The positive electrode active material of the battery includes LiMPO4, wherein M includes Mn element and Fe element, and the charging method includes: In response to the charging instruction, the temperature of the battery is controlled so that the temperature of the battery is within a preset temperature range in at least part of the stages during the charging process.

43. The charging method according to claim 42, characterized in that: The controlling the temperature of the battery includes: Acquiring a state parameter of the battery; The temperature of the battery is controlled according to the state parameter.

44. The charging method according to claim 43, characterized in that: The state parameter includes the temperature of the battery, and controlling the temperature of the battery according to the state parameter includes: When the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to a first temperature threshold, a heating instruction is sent to a heating device, where the heating instruction is used to instruct the heating device to heat the battery.

45. The charging method according to claim 44, characterized in that: The state parameter further includes the SOC of the battery, and when the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold, sending a heating instruction to the heating device includes: When the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold and the SOC of the battery is greater than or equal to a first SOC threshold, the heating instruction is sent to the heating device.

46. ​​The charging method according to claim 45, characterized in that: The first SOC threshold and / or the second SOC threshold is determined based on the molar ratio of the iron element in the iron and manganese elements of the positive electrode active material.

47. The charging method according to claim 46, characterized in that: The first SOC threshold and / or the second SOC threshold is the product of the SOC of the battery in a fully charged state and the molar fraction.

48. The charging method according to any one of claims 42 to 47, characterized in that: The temperature range includes at least one of the following ranges: 30℃ to 60℃、30℃ to 55℃、30℃ to 50℃、30℃ to 45℃、30℃ to 40℃、40℃ to 50℃、 40℃ to 45℃.

49. A battery charging method, characterized in that: The charging method comprises: In response to the charging instruction, the temperature of the battery is controlled so that the temperature of the battery is within a preset temperature range in at least part of the stages during the charging process.

50. The charging method according to claim 49, characterized in that: The controlling the temperature of the battery includes: Acquiring information of the positive electrode active material of the battery; In the case where the positive electrode active material includes LiMPO 4 , wherein M includes Mn element and Fe element, the temperature of the battery is controlled.

51. The charging method according to claim 50, characterized in that: The controlling the temperature of the battery includes: Receiving a state parameter of the battery sent by a battery management system of the battery; The temperature of the battery is controlled according to the state parameter.

52. The charging method according to claim 51, characterized in that: The state parameter includes the temperature of the battery, and controlling the temperature of the battery according to the state parameter includes: When the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to a first temperature threshold, a heating instruction is sent to the battery management system, where the heating instruction is used to instruct the battery management system to control a heating device to heat the battery.

53. The charging method according to claim 52, characterized in that: The state parameter further includes the SOC of the battery, and when the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold, sending a heating instruction to the heating device includes: When the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold and the SOC of the battery is greater than or equal to a first SOC threshold, the heating instruction is sent to the battery management system.

54. The charging method according to claim 53, characterized in that: The first SOC threshold is determined based on the molar ratio of the iron element in the iron and manganese elements of the positive electrode active material.

55. The charging method according to claim 54, characterized in that: The first SOC threshold is the product of the SOC of the battery in a fully charged state and the molar fraction.

56. The charging method according to any one of claims 49 to 55, characterized in that: The temperature range includes at least one of the following ranges: 30°C to 60°C, 30°C to 55°C, 30°C to 50°C, 30°C to 45°C, 30°C to 40°C, 40°C to 50°C, 40°C to 45°C.

57. A battery management system, characterized in that: The battery management system is used to execute the charging method of the battery according to any one of claims 42 to 48, wherein the positive electrode active material of the battery comprises LiMPO4, wherein M comprises Mn element and Fe element.

58. An electrical device, characterized in that: Comprising a battery according to any one of claims 1 to 24.

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