Method for improving soil in newly-built greenhouse

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of soil improvement, and discloses a method for improving soil in a newly-built greenhouse, the method comprises the steps of deeply ploughing soil, applying organic fertilizer, applying a soil amendment and the like, the amendment is prepared from desulfurized gypsum, vinegar residues, zeolite powder and composted straw, and by means of the method, the physical properties of the soil can be changed, and the nutrient content of the soil can be increased; the soil alkalinity is reduced, and the salt ion composition is changed, so that the soil structure is improved, the soil fertility is improved, the water, fertilizer, gas and heat conditions are adjusted, good improvement and fertility improvement effects are achieved on newly-built greenhouse soil, and normal growth of vegetables is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of soil improvement and relates to a method for improving soil in a newly built greenhouse. Background Art

[0002] With the improvement of modern people's living standards and material conditions, the requirements for vegetable varieties and seasonal vegetables are getting higher and higher, and solar greenhouse vegetable cultivation has become a key development direction. The development of the solar greenhouse vegetable industry has played a huge role in promoting the development of rural economy, increasing farmers' income and improving people's living standards, and has realized the year-round balanced supply of vegetables that people have long dreamed of.

[0003] With the rapid development of facility agriculture, the scale of newly built greenhouses is getting larger and larger, but there is a big gap between the soil fertility of newly built greenhouses and the requirements for efficient production of facilities. Most of the newly built facility bases are reclaimed and rebuilt from grain fields (wheat, corn, cotton, etc.) or homesteads. The soil generally has problems such as high bulk density, poor tillage, low content of main nutrients, and high salinity. In addition, during the construction of solar greenhouses, due to excessive rolling by mechanical operations, the soil structure and properties are further damaged, the soil is rigid and compact, the soil structure is reduced, and the permeability is weakened, which cannot meet the normal growth of crops. Greenhouse cultivation is a high-input, high-output modern facility agriculture industry that requires deep soil, fertile soil, and high production capacity. Therefore, it is imperative to improve the soil and improve the fertility of the newly built greenhouse.

[0004] How to cultivate a new tillage layer is the primary problem facing the soil of a newly built greenhouse. Based on the characteristics of the soil in the newly built greenhouse, the applicant adopts technical methods such as deep ploughing, application of organic fertilizers, and application of amendments to improve soil structure, increase soil permeability, enrich soil organic matter, quickly mature and fertilize the soil, and improve the root environment of crops, providing a basis for improving the soil in the newly built greenhouse, which is of great significance to improving the quality of greenhouse soil and promoting the sustainable development of facility agriculture. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for improving soil in a newly built greenhouse, which can effectively improve the physical structure and chemical properties of the soil, regulate the water, fertilizer, gas and heat conditions, improve the root nutrition status and development environment, and thus ensure the healthy growth of greenhouse crops.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention discloses the following technical features: A method for improving soil in a newly built greenhouse, characterized by the following steps: (1) Deeply plow the soil 40-50 cm, remove weeds, gravel, garbage and debris in the greenhouse plot, use a deep tiller to plow the soil 40-50 cm deep, and then use a small harrow to crush and level the soil; (2) Apply organic fertilizer: every 667 m2 of greenhouse soil 2Spread 3000-5000 kg of commercial organic fertilizer, use a small rotary tiller to till the soil to a depth of 20-25 cm; the organic fertilizer refers to organic fertilizer that meets the NY / T 525 standard (Green Ring Bio-organic Fertilizer, Yapai Bio-organic Fertilizer, Macron Bio-organic Fertilizer, etc.) or decomposed rice husk chicken manure (purchased from chicken farms such as Binhai Hengyu Chicken Farm and Tianjin Yafei Jinyue Broiler Breeding Professional Cooperative).

[0007] (3) Application of soil conditioners 1) Ratio of raw materials of soil conditioner: the main ingredients of soil conditioner include: desulfurized gypsum, vinegar residue, zeolite powder, and decomposed straw. The mass percentages are 25-30% desulfurized gypsum, 10-20% vinegar residue, 20-25% zeolite powder, and 30-40% straw respectively; 2) Composted corn stalks: Chop the corn stalks into pieces of 3-5 cm, 1m 3 Add 2-3kg of urea to the straw and 200g of EM composting bacteria and ferment it before use; 3) Mix desulfurized gypsum, vinegar residue, zeolite powder and decomposed straw evenly; 4) Spread the improver evenly on the soil surface, with an application rate of 750 kg / 667m 2 The small rotary tiller tills the soil to a depth of 15-20 cm.

[0008] The present invention further discloses the application of the newly built greenhouse soil improvement method in improving soil physical properties and increasing soil nutrient content. Experimental results show that compared with unimproved soil, soil bulk density is reduced by 9.35%, permeability is increased by 385.71%, total porosity is increased by 10.30%, pH is reduced by 0.24 units, alkaline nitrogen is increased by 18.74%, available phosphorus is increased by 16.59%, and available potassium is increased by 16.25%. Organic matter content is increased by 3.93%.

[0009] The positive effects of the newly built greenhouse soil improvement method disclosed in the present invention are: The soil bulk density decreased by more than 5%, the total porosity increased by more than 10%, and the permeability increased by more than 200%.

[0010] Ca in soil is beneficial to plant growth 2+ Mg 2+ As the content increases, the pH decreases by 0.2-0.4.

[0011] The organic matter content in the soil increased by 3-5%, the alkaline nitrogen content increased by 10-20%, the effective phosphorus content increased by 15-25%, and the fast-acting potassium content increased by 10-20%.

[0012] The newly built greenhouse improvement method disclosed in the present invention can reduce soil bulk density, increase soil aeration, reduce soil alkalinity, and change the salt ion composition, thereby improving soil structure, increasing soil fertility, and regulating water, fertilizer, gas, and heat conditions. It has a good improvement effect on the newly built greenhouse soil to ensure the normal growth of vegetables. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The present invention is described below by specific embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the present invention are methods known to those skilled in the art. In addition, the embodiments should be understood as illustrative, rather than limiting the scope of the present invention, and the essence and scope of the present invention are limited only by the claims. For those skilled in the art, without departing from the essence and scope of the present invention, various changes or modifications to the material composition and dosage in these embodiments also belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Wherein the organic fertilizer (Green Ring Biological Organic Fertilizer Factory, Wuqing District, Tianjin), desulfurized gypsum (Dongli Power Plant, Tianjin), vinegar residue (Duliu Tianli Vinegar Factory Co., Ltd., Jinghai County, Tianjin), zeolite powder (Chengde Haoran Zeolite Filter Material Zeolite Powder Factory), EM composting bacteria (Weifang Yihao Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) and the like are all commercially available. Example

[0014] The soil improvement method for a newly built greenhouse of this embodiment includes the following steps: Deeply till the soil 50 cm: Remove weeds, gravel, garbage and other debris from the land, use a deep tiller to deep till the soil 50 cm, and then use a small harrow to crush and level the soil.

[0015] (2) Application of organic fertilizer Greenhouse soil every 667 m 2 4000 kg of commercial organic fertilizer was spread and tilled with a small rotary tiller to a depth of 25 cm; the organic fertilizer referred to was Green Ring Bio-organic fertilizer.

[0016] (3) Application of soil conditioners Chop corn stalks into 3-5 cm, 1m 3 Add 2.5kg of urea to the straw and add 200g of EM composting bacteria for fermentation. The soil conditioner ingredients are 30% desulfurized gypsum, 15% vinegar residue, 15% zeolite powder, and 40% straw. Mix the desulfurized gypsum, vinegar residue, zeolite powder, and decomposed straw evenly. Spread evenly on the soil surface, with an application rate of 750 kg / 667m 2 A small rotary tiller was used for tilling, with a tillage depth of 20 cm. Example

[0017] A method for improving soil in a newly built greenhouse is carried out in the following steps: (1) Deeply plow the soil to a depth of 40 cm, remove weeds, gravel, garbage and debris from the greenhouse plot, use a deep tiller to plow the soil to a depth of 40 cm, and then use a small harrow to crush and level the soil; (2) Application of organic fertilizer: every 667 m 2 Spreading decomposed rice husk and chicken manure 10 m 3 , use a small rotary tiller to till the soil to a depth of 25 cm; the organic fertilizer refers to decomposed rice husk and chicken manure, which is purchased from Binhai Hengyu Chicken Farm.

[0018] (3) Application of soil conditioners 1) Ratio of raw materials of soil conditioner: the main ingredients of soil conditioner include: desulfurized gypsum, vinegar residue, zeolite powder, and decomposed straw, with the mass percentages of desulfurized gypsum 25%, vinegar residue 10%, zeolite powder 20%, and straw 30% respectively; 2) Composted corn stalks: Chop the corn stalks into pieces of about 3 cm, 1m 3 Add 2.5kg urea and 200g EM composting bacteria to the straw and use it after fermentation; 3) Mix desulfurized gypsum, vinegar residue, zeolite powder and decomposed straw evenly; 4) Spread the improver evenly on the soil surface, with an application rate of 750 kg / 667m 2 A small rotary tiller is used for tilling, and the tilling depth is 15cm. Example

[0019] The new greenhouse was compared with the one without the application of the amendment. The experiment was conducted in Dama Shaogu Village, Hangu District. Treatment 1 was without the application of the amendment, and treatment 2 was with the amendment. The application rate of the amendment was 750kg / hm 2 , desulfurized gypsum 30%, vinegar residue 10%, zeolite powder 20%, straw 40%. The results are shown in Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, Table 4:

[0020]

[0021] As can be seen from Table 1, the bulk density of the soil in the treatment with the amendment was significantly lower than that in the treatment without the amendment, and the bulk density decreased by 9.35%. The permeability was significantly increased by 385.71% compared with the control, the total porosity increased by 10.30%, and the capillary porosity and non-capillary porosity increased. This shows that the application of soil amendments can improve the physical properties of the soil, enhance the soil ventilation and water permeability, and significantly improve the soil structure.

[0022] As can be seen from Table 2, compared with the treatment without amendment, the soil total salt content in the treatment with amendment increased slightly, and the soil HCO3 - The content of Ca 2+ Mg 2+The content of iodine increased, and the soil pH value decreased by 0.24 units, indicating that the application of amendments can reduce soil alkalinity and increase beneficial ions that are beneficial to crop growth.

[0023] As can be seen from Table 3, the alkaline nitrogen content increased by 18.74%, the available phosphorus increased by 16.59%, the available potassium increased by 16.25%, and the organic matter content increased by 3.93%.

[0024] From Table 4, the nitrate content of tomatoes treated with the amendments was lower, the Vc content increased by 7.11%, and the tomato quality was improved.

Claims

1. A method for improving soil in a newly built greenhouse, characterized in that Proceed as follows: (1) Deeply plow the soil 40-50 cm, remove weeds, gravel, garbage and debris in the greenhouse plot, use a deep tiller to plow the soil 40-50 cm deep, and then use a small harrow to crush and level the soil; (2) Apply organic fertilizer: every 667 m2 of greenhouse soil 2 Apply commercial organic fertilizer 3000~5000 kg or every 667 m 2 Spread 10-15 m of decomposed rice husk and chicken manure 3 , using a small rotary tiller to till the soil to a depth of 20-25 cm; the organic fertilizer refers to organic fertilizer or decomposed rice husk chicken manure that meets the NY / T525 standard; (3) Application of soil conditioners 1) Ratio of raw materials of soil conditioner: the main ingredients of soil conditioner include: desulfurized gypsum, vinegar residue, zeolite powder, and decomposed straw. The mass percentages are 25-30% desulfurized gypsum, 10-20% vinegar residue, 20-25% zeolite powder, and 30-40% straw respectively; 2) Composted corn stalks: Chop the corn stalks into pieces of 3-5 cm, 1m 3 Add 2-3kg of urea to the straw and 200g of EM composting bacteria and ferment it before use; 3) Mix desulfurized gypsum, vinegar residue, zeolite powder and decomposed straw evenly; 4) Spread the improver evenly on the soil surface, with an application rate of 750 kg / 667m 2 A small rotary tiller is used for tilling, and the tilling depth is 15-20cm.

2. Application of the newly built greenhouse soil improvement method according to claim 1 in improving soil physical properties and increasing soil nutrient content.

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