A method for rapidly accelerating germination of garlic fruit

Abstract

The invention provides a method for rapidly accelerating the germination of garlic fruit, and relates to the technical field of garlic fruit planting. The invention pre-treats garlic fruit seeds by first ultrasonication and then ultraviolet irradiation, and then soaks the garlic fruit seeds in a specific soaking liquid for treatment after the pre-treatment. The soaking liquid in the invention is composed of chlorella extract, magnesium sulfate, vitamin B6 and osmanthus leaf extract, so that the soaked garlic fruit seeds have more nutrition and better germination conditions. It can also be seen from experimental data that the use of the soaking liquid proposed by the invention to soak the garlic fruit seeds can significantly improve the germination rate of the garlic fruit and significantly improve the germination rate of the garlic fruit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of garlic fruit planting, and in particular to a method for quickly accelerating germination of garlic fruit. Background Art

[0002] The garlic fruit belongs to the genus Garlicus, phylum Angiosperms, class Magnoliales, order Santalum, family Aspergillus, and grows well in areas with an altitude of 300 to 1640 meters. It is a slightly acidic to neutral tree species.

[0003] During the cultivation of garlic fruit, its germination rate is affected by many factors. For example, garlic fruit has self-poisoning phenomenon during the cultivation process. When the population density is too high, it will secrete toxins that inhibit seed growth and development. This toxin is generally present in the peel and is easy to flow out after exposure to the sun, thereby inhibiting the development of seeds, resulting in long germination time of garlic fruit, reduced survival rate and seed setting rate; and because the seed kernel of garlic fruit is rich in nutrients, it is easy to be invaded by fungi under humid conditions, which makes the seeds easy to mold and rot, resulting in a low germination rate of seeds. Therefore, how to improve the germination rate and germination rate of garlic fruit is a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for rapidly accelerating the germination of garlic fruit, comprising the following steps:

[0005] The invention provides a method for rapidly accelerating germination of garlic fruit, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Pretreatment: subjecting the garlic fruit seeds to be germinated to ultrasonic treatment, and then subjecting them to ultraviolet irradiation treatment;

[0007] Seed soaking: immersing the pretreated garlic fruit seeds to be germinated in a soaking solution for 24-48 hours, wherein the soaking solution is composed of the following raw materials: 5-15g / L of chlorella extract, 6-10g / L of magnesium sulfate, 5-10g / L of vitamin B6 and 8-16g / L of osmanthus leaf extract;

[0008] Germination: Sow the soaked garlic fruit seeds to be germinated in the germination sand bed for germination.

[0009] Furthermore, during the pretreatment process, the ultrasonic time is 10-30 minutes, the ultrasonic temperature is 20-40°C, and the solvent used for the ultrasonic treatment is 10-20% ethanol by mass.

[0010] Furthermore, during the pretreatment process, the wavelength of ultraviolet light is 180-200 nm, and the irradiation time is 5-12 min.

[0011] Furthermore, the soaking solution is prepared according to the following steps:

[0012] The chlorella extract and the osmanthus leaf extract were added into water in a mass ratio of 1:1 and mixed to obtain a mixed solution 1;

[0013] Add magnesium sulfate and vitamin B6 to the mixed solution 1, and stir evenly to form a soaking solution.

[0014] Further, the extraction process of the chlorella extract is as follows:

[0015] The cultured Chlorella algae solution is centrifuged, and the supernatant is combined after centrifugation;

[0016] Extracting the supernatant liquid multiple times with an organic solvent having an equal volume to that of the supernatant liquid at 30-50° C. to obtain an extract;

[0017] The extracts obtained by multiple extractions are mixed, concentrated and dried in sequence to obtain the Chlorella extract.

[0018] Further, the extraction process of the osmanthus leaf extract is as follows:

[0019] The crushed osmanthus leaves are placed in an organic solvent and soaked for 10-25 minutes, and then heated under reflux at 60-80° C. for 15-30 minutes to obtain a crude extract;

[0020] The crude extract is filtered to obtain a solid residue to obtain an osmanthus leaf extract;

[0021] The osmanthus leaf extract is concentrated and dried to obtain the osmanthus leaf extract.

[0022] Furthermore, the organic solvent is selected from ethanol or ethyl acetate with a mass fraction of 50-70%.

[0023] Furthermore, the pH of the soaking solution is controlled between 6.5 and 7.3.

[0024] Furthermore, during the germination stage, the soaking liquid is sprayed into the germination sand bed once in the morning and once in the evening every 3-5 days.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0026] The present invention adopts the method of ultrasound followed by ultraviolet irradiation to pre-treat garlic fruit seeds, and after pre-treatment, the garlic fruit seeds are soaked in a specific soaking liquid for treatment, which can significantly improve the germination rate of garlic fruit seeds and also significantly improve the germination rate. The vibration of ultrasound during the pre-treatment process can enhance the water permeability and air permeability of the seed coat, making it easier for the seeds to absorb water and oxygen, providing the necessary conditions for germination, and can also make the starch, fat and protein stored in the seeds better soluble in water, becoming nutrients that are easily absorbed by the embryo, thereby contributing to the germination and growth of the seeds. In addition, ultrasound has a bactericidal effect, which can kill pathogens and eggs lurking on the surface of the seeds, and reduce the risk of disease of the seeds during germination. And after ultrasound, the use of ultraviolet rays of a suitable wavelength to irradiate the garlic fruit seeds can further stimulate the germination of the garlic fruit seeds, and enhance the disease resistance and adversity resistance of the plants. In addition, the present invention also uses a soaking solution composed of chlorella extract, magnesium sulfate, vitamin B6 and osmanthus leaf extract to soak the treated seeds, so that the soaked garlic fruit seeds have more nutrition and better germination conditions. It can also be seen from the experimental data that the use of the soaking solution proposed by the present invention to soak the garlic fruit seeds can significantly improve the germination rate of the garlic fruit and significantly improve the germination rate of the garlic fruit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 A picture of garlic fruit seeds to be germinated obtained after pretreatment in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0029] Figure 2 A comparison diagram of the radicle growth of garlic fruit seeds after washing in different experimental groups and control groups in the embodiment of the present invention is shown, and 1-6 in the figure correspond to experimental groups 1-6 respectively;

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the germination status of garlic fruit seeds of experimental group 1 in the embodiment of the present invention at 80 days in a germination sand bed;

[0031] Figure 4 The germination status of garlic fruit seeds of experimental group 4 in the embodiment of the present invention at 80 days in the germination sand bed is shown;

[0032] Figure 5 A growth diagram of a garlic fruit plant in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0034] The specific process of pretreatment of garlic fruit seeds is as follows:

[0035] (1) placing the cleaned garlic fruit seeds in an ultrasonic cleaner (in this embodiment, a KQ-250B ultrasonic cleaner is used) and ultrasonically treating at 30° C. for 20 min;

[0036] (2) After ultrasonic treatment, the garlic fruit seeds are removed from the ultrasonic cleaner, air-dried, and then irradiated with ultraviolet light (wavelength 180 nm) for 10 min to obtain garlic fruit seeds to be germinated (such as Figure 1 as shown).

[0037] The garlic fruit seeds were pretreated according to the conditions in Table 1 to obtain garlic fruit seeds to be germinated under different pretreatment conditions.

[0038] Table 1

[0039] Example 2

[0040] Preparation of soaking solution:

[0041] (1) Extraction of Chlorella extract: centrifuge the cultured Chlorella liquid and combine the supernatant; extract the supernatant twice at 35°C with an equal volume of ethanol (50% by mass) to obtain an extract; mix the extracts obtained by multiple extractions, concentrate and dry them in turn to obtain the Chlorella extract;

[0042] (2) Extraction of osmanthus leaf extract: the crushed osmanthus leaves are placed in 50% by mass ethanol and soaked for 20 minutes, and then heated under reflux at 70°C for 18 minutes to obtain a crude extract; the crude extract is filtered to obtain an osmanthus leaf extract; the osmanthus leaf extract is evaporated, concentrated, and dried to obtain an osmanthus leaf extract;

[0043] (3) adding the Chlorella extract and the Osmanthus fragrans leaf extract into water in a mass ratio of 1:1 and mixing them to obtain a mixed solution 1;

[0044] (4) Add magnesium sulfate and vitamin B6 to the mixed solution 1, stir evenly to form a soaking solution, and control the pH of the soaking solution to be 6.8.

[0045] The concentration of each component in the soaking solution is controlled within the following ranges: 5-15 g / L of chlorella extract, 6-10 g / L of magnesium sulfate, 5-10 g / L of vitamin B6 and 8-16 g / L of osmanthus leaf extract.

[0046] According to the raw material composition in Table 2, soaking solution 1, soaking solution 2 and soaking solution 3 with different raw material components were prepared according to the preparation methods (1) to (4) according to the corresponding steps according to the different raw materials.

[0047] Table 2

[0048] Example 3

[0049] Garlic fruit rapid germination treatment method:

[0050] S1, pretreatment: pretreating the garlic fruit seeds according to the method in Example 1 to obtain garlic fruit seeds to be germinated;

[0051] S2, soaking seeds: immersing the garlic fruit seeds to be germinated in the soaking solution prepared in Example 2 for 24 hours;

[0052] S3, germination: sow the soaked garlic fruit seeds to be germinated in a germination sand bed for germination treatment. During the germination process, spray the soaking liquid into the germination sand bed once in the morning and evening every 3-5 days.

[0053] Referring to the above germination method, different soaked garlic fruit seeds to be germinated and soaking solutions were selected to set up different experimental groups, and the soaked garlic fruit seeds to be germinated (abbreviated as seeds in Table 3) were germinated according to methods S1-S3. The specific settings of the experimental groups are shown in Table 3:

[0054] Table 3

[0055]

[0056] In Table 3, “√” indicates the adopted method, and “ / ” indicates the unadopted method. Comparative Example 1

[0057] Garlic fruit rapid germination treatment method:

[0058] S1, soaking seeds: immersing the soaked garlic fruit seeds 4 to be germinated in the soaking solution 1 prepared in Example 2 for 48 hours;

[0059] S2, germination stage: the soaked garlic fruit seeds to be germinated are sown in the germination sand bed for germination treatment. During the germination process, the soaking liquid is sprayed on the germination sand bed once in the morning and evening every 4 days, which is recorded as control group 1. Comparative Example 2

[0060] Garlic fruit rapid germination treatment method:

[0061] S1, pretreatment: pretreating the garlic fruit seeds according to the method in Example 1 to obtain garlic fruit seeds 1 to be germinated;

[0062] S2, germination stage: sow the garlic fruit seeds 1 to be germinated in the germination sand bed for germination treatment. During the germination process, spray the germination sand bed with soaking liquid once in the morning and evening every 4 days, which is recorded as the control group 2.

[0063] Test Example 1

[0064] According to the setting of each experimental group in Example 3, the soaked garlic fruit seeds to be germinated were subjected to germination acceleration treatment, and the garlic fruit seeds were subjected to germination acceleration treatment in the manner of Comparative Example 1-2 (each experimental group and control group were set up with 3 groups of repetitions), and the germination state of the garlic fruit seedlings was observed during the germination process. 80 days after the garlic fruit seeds were subjected to germination acceleration treatment, three garlic fruits were randomly selected from each group of repetitions in each experimental group by removing the sand layer, and their germination conditions were observed. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 correspond to the germination status of garlic fruit seeds in experimental groups 1 to 6 respectively. The radicle length of garlic fruit was counted (radicle length data is the average value of radicle length of garlic fruit dug out in each experimental group), and the results are shown in Table 4:

[0065] Table 4

[0066]

[0067] It can be seen that when the germination treatment method of experimental group 4 (combination of seeds 1 + soaking solution 1) was used, the germination state of garlic fruit seeds was better within the same period of time. The garlic fruit seeds treated with only pretreatment without soaking (i.e. control group 1) and the garlic fruit seeds directly soaked without pretreatment (i.e. control group 2) did not germinate at 80 days. The specific germination state of garlic fruit seeds in each group can be seen Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 .

[0068] Test Example 2

[0069] According to the settings of the experimental groups and control groups in Example 3 and Comparative Examples 1-2, the garlic fruit seeds were germinated (each experimental group and control group were set up with 3 groups of repetitions, with 90 garlic fruit seeds in each group). During the germination process, the germination rate, germination rate, mildew rate, seedling rate and germination uniformity of the garlic fruit seeds were recorded. The results are shown in Table 5.

[0070] The germination rate refers to the time required for seeds to start germinating from sowing. The sowing date and the date when germination was first observed are recorded, and the time difference between the two is calculated, which is the germination rate.

[0071] The germination rate refers to the percentage of the number of garlic fruit seeds that have actually germinated to the total number of garlic fruit seeds sown. After sowing, regularly observe and record the number of garlic fruit seeds that have germinated. Divide the number of garlic fruit seeds that have germinated by the total number of garlic fruit seeds, multiply by 100%, and you will get the germination rate.

[0072] The mildew rate refers to the percentage of seeds that become mildewed due to mold infection within a certain period of time to the total number of garlic fruit seeds sown. The mildew rate is obtained by dividing the number of mildewed garlic fruit seeds by the total number of garlic fruit seeds and multiplying the result by 100%.

[0073] The seedling rate refers to the proportion of garlic fruit seeds that have been successfully transformed into seedlings. After the germinated seeds grow into seedlings, the number of seeds that have successfully transformed into seedlings is observed and recorded (e.g. Figure 5 The picture shown is a picture of garlic fruit seeds that have grown into seedlings). The number of garlic fruit seeds that have successfully transformed into seedlings is divided by the total number of garlic fruit seeds that actually germinated, and multiplied by 100% to get the seedling rate.

[0074] The germination uniformity refers to whether the time, speed and growth status of seed germination are consistent among the sown garlic fruit seeds. In this embodiment, four levels of evaluation are adopted: concentrated germination, relatively concentrated germination, relatively dispersed germination and dispersed germination.

[0075] Table 5

[0076]

[0077] In the above table, “ / ” means that no embryo was grown in 82 days. As can be seen from Table 5, under the same condition of using soaking solution 1, when only ultrasonic treatment (experimental group 2) or only ultraviolet irradiation (experimental group 6) was used in the pretreatment process, the germination rate, germination rate and seedling rate were lower than those of the pretreatment method of first ultrasonic treatment and then ultraviolet irradiation (experimental group 4), and the mildew rate was higher than that of experimental group 4. Under the same premise of using garlic fruit seeds 1 to be germinated, soaking solution without Chlorella extract (experimental group 5) or soaking solution without Osmanthus fragrans leaf extract (experimental group 3) was selected for soaking the garlic fruit seeds to be germinated, the germination rate, germination rate and seedling rate of the garlic fruit seeds were lower than those of the garlic fruit seeds 1 (experimental group 4) treated with soaking solution 1, and the mildew rate was significantly higher than that of experimental group 4.

[0078] Test Example 4

[0079] In this embodiment, the photosynthesis rate and chlorophyll content of the leaves during the growth of garlic fruit are measured to observe the growth state of garlic fruit seeds after germination;

[0080] The photosynthesis rate refers to the amount of organic matter produced by the garlic fruit seedlings through photosynthesis per unit time. This embodiment uses a photosynthesis system meter (CI-310 produced by CID, USA) for measurement. Robust garlic fruit seedlings are selected, and mature leaves without mechanical damage, insect eyes, and pests are selected for each plant for measurement (10 leaves are selected in each experimental group). During the measurement, an open air path is used, and the air flow rate is 0.5L / min. The measurement is performed every 1 hour from 8 am to 6 pm for 5 consecutive days to measure the photosynthesis rate of the garlic fruit seedlings.

[0081] Determination of chlorophyll content: The present invention uses a handheld chlorophyll detector (YLS-A plant chlorophyll detector, Fansheng Technology) to determine the chlorophyll content in garlic fruit leaves. In each experimental group, 10 disease-free and well-growing garlic fruit leaves (such as Figure 5 As shown, you can take leaves from the upper, middle and lower parts of the garlic fruit plant for measurement), use a soft cloth to gently wipe the leaf surface to remove dust and stains, place the leaf to be tested flatly into the measurement window of the instrument, and gently close the measurement probe to ensure that the measurement position of the leaf is placed between the center lines of the measurement head, and test after the receiving window is completely covered. Wait for a few seconds until the SPAD value (relative chlorophyll content) is displayed on the chlorophyll meter screen. The average SPAD value and photosynthesis rate results of each experimental group and control group are shown in Table 6.

[0082] Table 6

[0083]

[0084] As can be seen from Table 6, the photosynthesis rate and SPAD value of the garlic fruit in experimental group 4 were much higher than those in other experimental groups. The higher photosynthesis rate indicated that the seedlings had stronger growth ability and metabolic activity, indicating that the garlic fruit seeds were germinated according to the scheme in experimental group 4, and the subsequent growth of the garlic fruit was also good.

[0085] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapidly accelerating the germination of garlic fruit, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Pretreatment: subjecting the garlic fruit seeds to ultrasonic treatment, and then subjecting them to ultraviolet irradiation treatment to obtain garlic fruit seeds to be germinated; the ultrasonic treatment time is 10-30 minutes, and the ultrasonic treatment temperature is 20-40° C.; the solvent used for the ultrasonic treatment is ethanol with a mass fraction of 10-20%; the ultraviolet irradiation wavelength is 180-200 nm, and the irradiation time is 5-12 minutes; Seed soaking: immersing the garlic fruit seeds to be germinated in a soaking solution for 24 hours, wherein the soaking solution is composed of the following raw materials: 5-15g / L of chlorella extract, 6-10g / L of magnesium sulfate, 5-10g / L of vitamin B6 and 8-16g / L of osmanthus leaf extract; The extraction process of the chlorella extract is as follows: centrifuging the cultured chlorella liquid, combining the supernatant after centrifugation; extracting the supernatant for multiple times at 30-50° C. with an organic solvent of the same volume as the supernatant to obtain an extract; mixing the extracts obtained by the multiple extractions, concentrating and drying them in turn to obtain the chlorella extract; The extraction process of the osmanthus leaf extract is as follows: the crushed osmanthus leaves are placed in an organic solvent and soaked for 10-25 minutes, and then heated at 60-80°C for reflux extraction for 15-30 minutes to obtain a crude extract; the crude extract is filtered to obtain a osmanthus leaf extract; the osmanthus leaf extract is concentrated and dried to obtain the osmanthus leaf extract; the organic solvent is selected from ethanol or ethyl acetate with a mass fraction of 50-70%; Germination: Sow the soaked garlic fruit seeds to be germinated in the germination sand bed for germination.

2. The method for rapidly accelerating germination of garlic fruit according to claim 1, wherein: The soaking solution is prepared according to the following steps: The chlorella extract and the osmanthus leaf extract were added into water in a mass ratio of 1:1 and mixed to obtain a mixed solution 1; Add magnesium sulfate and vitamin B6 to the mixed solution 1, and stir evenly to form a soaking solution.

3. The method for rapidly accelerating germination of garlic fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pH of the soaking liquid is controlled between 6.5 and 7.3.

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