A high-precision camshaft and processing technology

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of shaft processing, and in particular to a high-precision camshaft and processing technology, comprising: S1: cutting a blank; S2: drilling a positioning eccentric hole after cutting the end face of the blank, and boring the outer circle of the shaft end of the blank to form a clamping area; S3: first rough turning and then fine turning the outer circle of the eccentric section of the blank to obtain a first rough blank; S4: fine milling the end face of the first rough blank and drilling a center hole on the end face of the first rough blank; S5: fine turning the outer circle of the main shaft section on the first rough blank, and turning a tool withdrawal groove to obtain a second rough blank; S6: using a circular cutter disc to process the second rough blank to form a cam on the second rough blank; S7: using a circular cutter disc to mill out grooves on both sides of the cam, and obtaining a camshaft after the groove milling is completed; S8: fine grinding the outer circle of the main shaft section on the camshaft; the present application has the effect of reducing the processing cost of the camshaft when processing the camshaft, and improving the processing accuracy and processing efficiency of the camshaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of shaft processing, and in particular to a high-precision camshaft and a processing technology. Background Art

[0002] The camshaft is a component in a piston engine. Its main function is to control the opening and closing of the valve. Its working principle is to push the valve push rod up and down through continuous rotation, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the valve. In this process, the cam on the camshaft cooperates with the notch on the valve stem to achieve precise control of the opening and closing of the valve. Therefore, there will be multiple cams with different cross-sectional shapes on the camshaft according to functional requirements.

[0003] In order to realize the overall processing of the camshaft, the prior art discloses a processing method of a cam grinder template and a processing method of the camshaft, comprising the steps of: using an error correction compensation value to correct a first cam profile of a template of a CNC external cylindrical grinder to obtain a second cam profile, wherein the error correction compensation value is the accumulated error of a guide wheel cradle and a counter-grinding wheel of the CNC external cylindrical grinder; using a CNC cam grinder to process the second cam profile on the template; running the actual relationship between the guide wheel cradle and the counter-grinding wheel in UG software to obtain the error correction compensation value.

[0004] With regard to the above-mentioned related technologies, when processing the camshaft, since the cross-sectional shape of the cam will change according to the function of the camshaft, the mold used to process the previous batch of camshafts is no longer suitable for the next batch of camshafts. It is necessary to repeatedly manufacture new shape-matching molds to control the movement trajectory of the turning tool, which is costly. In addition, new molds need to be constantly replaced during the camshaft processing process, which will also affect the processing efficiency of the camshaft. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to reduce the processing cost of the camshaft and improve the processing accuracy and processing efficiency of the camshaft when processing the camshaft, the present application provides a high-precision camshaft and a processing technology.

[0006] The present application provides a high-precision camshaft and a processing technology that adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a high-precision camshaft machining process.

[0008] A high-precision camshaft machining process, comprising:

[0009] S1: Cutting the material to obtain the blank;

[0010] S2: After cutting the end face of the blank, a positioning eccentric hole is drilled, and the outer circle of the shaft end of the blank is bored to form a clamping area;

[0011] S3: Taking the positioning eccentric hole as the positioning reference, the blank is fixed by clamping the clamping area of ​​the blank shaft end, and the outer circle of the eccentric section of the blank is first rough-turned and then fine-turned to obtain a first rough blank, and the positioning eccentric hole is coaxially arranged with the eccentric section;

[0012] S4: After fine milling the end surface of the first rough blank, a center hole is drilled on the end surface of the first rough blank;

[0013] S5: With the center hole as the positioning reference, the outer circle of the spindle segment on the first rough blank is precision-turned, and the tool retraction groove is turned to obtain the second rough blank, and the center hole is coaxially arranged with the spindle segment;

[0014] S6: With the center hole as a positioning reference, a circular cutter disc is used to process the second rough blank to form a cam on the second rough blank. During the processing, the circular cutter disc rotates, and the rotation axis of the circular cutter disc is parallel to the direction of the central axis of the center hole. The motion trajectory of the axis of the circular cutter disc is programmed and controlled according to the shape of the outer contour of the cam.

[0015] S7: Use a circular cutter to mill out grooves on both sides of the cam. After the grooves are milled, a cam shaft is obtained, and the motion trajectory of the axis of the circular cutter is programmed and controlled according to the shape of the outer contour of the groove;

[0016] S8: Fine grinding of the outer circle of the main shaft section on the camshaft.

[0017] By adopting the above technical scheme, the long shaft steel is first cut according to the size of the camshaft to obtain a plurality of blanks, and then the end face of the blank is cut and a positioning eccentric hole is drilled, and the outer circle of the shaft end of the blank is bored to form a clamping area; then the positioning eccentric hole is used as a positioning reference, the blank is fixed by clamping the clamping area of ​​the shaft end of the blank, and the outer circle of the eccentric section of the blank is first rough turned and then fine turned to obtain a first rough blank, and the positioning eccentric hole is coaxially arranged with the eccentric section; then the end face of the first rough blank is finely milled and a center hole is drilled on the end face of the first rough blank; then Then, the center hole is used as the positioning reference, the outer circle of the main shaft segment on the first rough blank is fine-turned, and the tool retraction groove is turned to obtain the second rough blank, and the center hole is coaxially arranged with the main shaft segment; at this time, the center hole is used as the positioning reference again, and the second rough blank is processed by a circular cutter disc to form a cam on the second rough blank. During the processing, the circular cutter disc rotates, and the rotation axis of the circular cutter disc is parallel to the direction of the rotation axis of the circular cutter disc and the center axis of the center hole. The motion trajectory of the circular cutter disc axis is programmed and controlled according to the shape of the outer contour of the cam; then the circular cutter disc is used to mill out the cam The grooves on both sides of the wheel are milled, and the camshaft is obtained after the grooves are milled, and the motion trajectory of the axis of the circular cutter is programmed and controlled according to the shape of the outer contour of the groove; then the outer circle of the main shaft section on the camshaft is finely ground, and finally the finely ground camshaft is heat treated; the designed high-precision camshaft processing technology first cuts the end face of the blank to ensure the position accuracy of the eccentric hole, and the reliability of the clamping position can be achieved when clamping by machining the outer circle of the shaft end of the blank. The center hole can be used as the machining reference of the main shaft section, and the trajectory control is achieved through the programming of the circular cutter, and then the processing of cams with various outer contour shapes can be achieved in conjunction with the rotation of the camshaft, so that there is no need to manufacture various shapes of dies before the cam processing, and there is no need to replace the dies when processing cams with different outer contours. At the same time, it also avoids the abutment deviation between the tool and the dies, and also avoids the error superposition of the machining accuracy of the dies themselves on the tool motion trajectory, which not only improves the processing efficiency of the camshaft, but also greatly improves the processing accuracy of the camshaft, and reduces the processing cost of the camshaft.

[0018] In a specific implementation scheme, the circular cutter disc in step S6 includes

[0019] A cutter head frame, wherein a mounting hole is provided on the cutter head frame;

[0020] A plurality of cutter heads are detachably connected to the cutter head frame, and the plurality of cutter heads are evenly distributed around the circumference of the cutter head frame.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the designed circular cutter disc can be used as a mounting base for the cutter head through the cutter disc holder, and the cutter head can realize cutting processing on the camshaft after the cutter disc holder rotates.

[0022] In a specific implementation scheme, step S6 includes

[0023] S61: fixing the second rough blank with the center hole as a positioning reference, and then using a support unit to support the main shaft segment on the second rough blank, wherein the main shaft segment can rotate relative to the support unit, and the support unit is arranged close to the middle area in the axis direction of the second rough blank;

[0024] S62: The second rough blank is processed by a circular cutter disc to form a cam on the second rough blank. During the processing, the circular cutter disc rotates, and the rotation axis of the circular cutter disc is parallel to the direction of the central axis of the central hole. The motion trajectory of the axis of the circular cutter disc is programmed and controlled according to the shape of the outer contour of the cam.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, step S6 is designed to roll-support the main shaft segment through the support unit before the circular cutter disc processes the cam on the second rough blank, which can reduce the possibility of deformation of the camshaft due to cutting force during processing and ensure the processing accuracy of the camshaft.

[0026] In a specific implementation scheme, the support unit in step S61 includes:

[0027] A fixed body, the fixed body being detachably fixedly connected to the machine tool;

[0028] Two locking arms, the locking arms are movably connected to the fixed body, and the fixed body and the two locking arms form a clamping cavity, and the fixed body and the locking arms are rotatably connected with roller bearings;

[0029] A fixing mechanism for fixing two locking arms, wherein the fixing mechanism is connected to the fixing body, and the fixing mechanism is connected to the locking arms.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, a support unit is designed, which can form a clamping cavity for the main shaft section to pass through through the fixed body and the locking arm, and realize the position fixation of the roller bearing. At the same time, the roller bearing is cooperated to realize the rolling support of the main shaft section, which plays a supporting role for the camshaft when the circular cutter disc is processing the cam and groove, reduces the possibility of deformation of the camshaft due to cutting force during processing, and ensures the processing accuracy of the camshaft.

[0031] In a specific embodiment, the fixing mechanism comprises

[0032] Two transverse connecting shafts, the locking arm is rotatably connected to the fixed body, the transverse connecting shaft is connected to the locking arm, and the transverse connecting shaft and the rotation axis of the locking arm are coaxially arranged;

[0033] Two force-applying rods, the force-applying rods being connected to an end of the transverse connecting shaft away from the locking arm, and the two force-applying rods forming an angle;

[0034] A driving member is used for changing the size of the angle between the two force applying rods, and the driving member is connected to the force applying rods.

[0035] By adopting the above technical solution, the designed fixing mechanism can drive the locking arm to rotate through the force rod and the transverse connecting shaft, so that the roller bearing on the locking arm is close to or away from the main shaft section, thereby realizing rolling support or release of the main shaft section to facilitate loading and unloading.

[0036] In a specific embodiment, the driving member includes

[0037] Two driving screws, one end of each driving screw is hinged to the force application rod, the two driving screws are respectively connected to the two force application rods, and the threads on the two driving screws are in opposite directions;

[0038] A force applying cylinder is threadably connected to the two driving screws.

[0039] By adopting the above technical solution, the designed driving member can achieve the two force rods approaching or moving away from each other through the cooperation of the force cylinder and the two driving screws, thereby achieving the locking or release of the locking arm and the main shaft section.

[0040] In a specific embodiment, the fixing body comprises

[0041] A fixed base, the fixed base being used for detachably fixed connection with the machine tool;

[0042] A lifting block is slidably connected to the fixed base, and the sliding direction of the lifting block is vertically arranged, and the lifting block is rotatably connected to the roller bearing.

[0043] By adopting the above technical solution, the designed fixed body can be fixed to the machine tool through a fixed base and limit the horizontal displacement of the lifting block. Roller bearings can be installed through the lifting block, and rolling support can be achieved for spindle sections with different outer diameters after lifting.

[0044] In a specific possible implementation scheme, in step S62 and step S7, circular cutter discs are used simultaneously on both sides of the second rough blank along the axial direction of the support unit for processing, and the forces applied to the second rough blank by the circular cutter discs on both sides are in opposite directions.

[0045] By adopting the above technical solution, circular cutters are used for processing on both sides of the design at the same time, which can ensure as much as possible that the forces applied to the camshaft by the camshaft parts on both sides of the support unit during the circular cutter cutting process are offset by each other, thereby reducing the deformation of the camshaft during the processing process and improving the processing accuracy of the camshaft.

[0046] In a specific feasible implementation scheme, after the completion of step S5, the thickness of the circular cutter disc is determined according to the ratio A of the cam width and the groove width. If the ratio A is less than 5, a circular cutter disc with a thickness not greater than the groove width is selected; if the ratio A is greater than 5, circular cutter discs of different thicknesses are selected for processing in steps S6 and S7 respectively.

[0047] By adopting the above technical scheme, the circular cutter disc is determined according to the ratio between the width of the cam and the width of the groove, and then a relatively average value is taken between the influence of stopping for tool change on the camshaft processing efficiency and the influence of increasing the number of circular cutter disc feeds on the camshaft processing efficiency, so as to improve the camshaft processing efficiency as much as possible.

[0048] In a second aspect, the present application provides a high-precision camshaft.

[0049] A high-precision camshaft, comprising:

[0050] Spindle section;

[0051] at least one cam, the cam being integrally connected to the main shaft section, and having grooves formed on both sides of the cam;

[0052] At least one eccentric segment is integrally connected to the main shaft segment.

[0053] By adopting the above technical solution, the processing cost of the camshaft can be reduced, and the processing accuracy and processing efficiency of the camshaft can be improved.

[0054] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0055] 1. The designed high-precision camshaft processing technology first cuts the end face of the blank to ensure the position accuracy of the positioning eccentric hole. By processing the outer circle of the shaft end of the blank, the reliability of the clamping position can be achieved during clamping. The center hole can be used as the processing reference of the main shaft section. The trajectory control can be achieved through the circular cutter head and programming, and then the rotation of the camshaft can be used to realize the processing of cams with various outer contours. There is no need to manufacture various shapes of templates before cam processing, and there is no need to replace the template when processing cams with different outer contours. At the same time, it also avoids the tightening deviation between the tool and the template, and also avoids the error superposition of the template's own processing accuracy on the tool motion trajectory. It not only improves the processing efficiency of the camshaft, but also greatly improves the processing accuracy of the camshaft.

[0056] 2. The designed high-precision camshaft processing technology can form a clamping cavity for the main shaft section to pass through through the fixed body and the locking arm, and realize the position fixation of the roller bearing. At the same time, the roller bearing is used to realize the rolling support of the main shaft section. It plays a supporting role for the camshaft when the circular cutter disc is processing the cam and groove, reducing the possibility of deformation of the camshaft due to cutting force during processing, and ensuring the processing accuracy of the camshaft.

[0057] 3. The designed high-precision camshaft processing technology determines the circular cutter according to the ratio between the width of the cam and the width of the groove, and then takes a relatively average value between the influence of stopping for tool change on the camshaft processing efficiency and the influence of increasing the number of circular cutter feeds on the camshaft processing efficiency, so as to improve the camshaft processing efficiency as much as possible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-precision camshaft according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0059] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support unit in the high-precision camshaft processing process according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0060] Figure 3 is Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure after adding a fixing mechanism to the foundation.

[0061] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure.

[0062] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a circular cutter disc in a high-precision camshaft machining process according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0063] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Side view of the circular cutter head when the machining ratio A is greater than 5.

[0064] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 Side view of the circular cutter head when the machining ratio A is less than 5.

[0065] Explanation of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. main shaft section; 2. cam; 3. groove; 4. eccentric section; 5. circular cutter disc; 51. cutter disc frame; 52. cutter head; 6. supporting unit; 61. fixed body; 611. fixed base; 612. lifting block; 62. locking arm; 63. roller bearing; 64. fixing mechanism; 641. transverse connecting shaft; 642. force rod; 643. driving member; 6431. driving screw; 6432. force cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] The following is combined with Figure 1-7This application is described in further detail.

[0067] The embodiments of the present application disclose a high-precision camshaft and a processing technology.

[0068] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application discloses a high-precision camshaft.

[0069] Reference Figure 1 A high-precision camshaft comprises a main shaft section 1, a cam 2 and an eccentric section 4. The number of cams 2 is at least one, and the cam 2 is integrally connected to the main shaft section 1. The outer contour of the cam 2 can be elliptical, circular, or other shapes that can realize the function of the cam 2. The two sides of the cam 2 are concave to form grooves 3, and the outer contour size of the groove 3 is smaller than the outer contour size of the cam 2. In the present application, the outer contour shape of the cam 2 and the outer contour shape of the groove 3 can be the same or different. In the present embodiment, the outer contour shape of the cam 2 and the outer contour shape of the groove 3 are the same. The number of eccentric sections 4 is at least one, and the eccentric sections 4 are integrally connected to the main shaft section 1, and the axial spacing between the axis of the eccentric sections 4 and the axis of the main shaft section 1 is greater than zero. In the present application, the main shaft section 1, the cam 2 and the eccentric sections 4 can be arranged in sequence, can be arranged at intervals, or can be arranged in other arrangements. The specific arrangement is determined according to the use function of the camshaft.

[0070] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application discloses a high-precision camshaft machining process, which is used to machine the high-precision camshaft disclosed in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application.

[0071] Reference Figures 1 to 7 , a high-precision camshaft processing process includes:

[0072] S1: Cutting the material to obtain the blank;

[0073] S2: After cutting the end face of the blank, a positioning eccentric hole is drilled, and the outer circle of the shaft end of the blank is bored to form a clamping area;

[0074] S3: With the positioning eccentric hole as the positioning reference, the blank is fixed by clamping the clamping area of ​​the blank shaft end, and the outer circle of the eccentric segment 4 of the blank is first rough-turned and then fine-turned to obtain a first rough blank, and the positioning eccentric hole is coaxially arranged with the eccentric segment 4;

[0075] S4: After fine milling the end surface of the first rough blank using a CNC milling machine, a center hole is drilled on the end surface of the first rough blank;

[0076] S5: With the center hole as the positioning reference, the outer circle of the spindle segment 1 on the first rough blank is precision-turned, and the tool retraction groove is turned to obtain the second rough blank, and the center hole is coaxially arranged with the spindle segment 1;

[0077] S6: With the center hole as a positioning reference, the second rough blank is processed by a circular cutter head 5 to form a cam 2 on the second rough blank. During the processing, the circular cutter head 5 rotates, and the rotation axis of the circular cutter head 5 is parallel to the direction of the central axis of the center hole. The motion trajectory of the axis of the circular cutter head 5 is programmed and controlled according to the shape of the outer contour of the cam 2.

[0078] S7: The circular cutter head 5 is used to mill the grooves 3 on both sides of the cam 2. After the grooves are milled, a cam shaft is obtained, and the motion trajectory of the axis of the circular cutter head 5 is programmed and controlled according to the shape of the outer contour of the groove 3;

[0079] S8: Use a CNC grinder to fine-grind the outer circle of the main shaft segment 1 on the camshaft.

[0080] Reference Figure 1 Specifically, in step S2, a CNC milling machine or a machining center is used to cut the end face of the blank and then a positioning eccentric hole is drilled to ensure the position accuracy of the positioning eccentric hole, laying the foundation for high-precision machining of the camshaft, and a boring machine is used to machine the outer circle of the shaft end of the blank to form a clamping area; further, after step S8, the camshaft needs to be heat treated to obtain the final product.

[0081] Reference Figure 2 , further, step S6 includes

[0082] S61: fixing the second rough blank with the center hole as a positioning reference, and then using a support unit 6 to support the main shaft segment 1 on the second rough blank, wherein the main shaft segment 1 can rotate relative to the support unit 6, and the support unit 6 is arranged close to the middle area in the axis direction of the second rough blank;

[0083] S62: The second rough blank is processed by a circular cutter disc 5 to form a cam 2 on the second rough blank. During the processing, the circular cutter disc 5 rotates, and the rotation axis of the circular cutter disc 5 is parallel to the rotation axis of the circular cutter disc 5 and the central axis of the center hole. The motion trajectory of the axis of the circular cutter disc 5 is programmed and controlled according to the shape of the outer contour of the cam 2.

[0084] Reference Figure 2 The support unit 6 in step S61 specifically includes a fixed body 61 and two locking arms 62. The fixed body 61 is detachably fixedly connected to the machine tool. In this embodiment, the fixed body 61 can be fixed to the machine tool by electromagnetic adsorption or by bolts. The locking arms 62 are movably connected to the fixed body 61, and the fixed body 61 and the two locking arms 62 form a clamping cavity for the camshaft to pass through. Roller bearings 63 are rotatably connected to the fixed body 61 and the locking arms 62, and the rolling support for the main shaft segment 1 is achieved by abutting the roller bearings 63 against the main shaft segment 1.

[0085] Reference Figure 2 Furthermore, the fixed body 61 includes a fixed base 611 and a lifting block 612. The fixed base 611 is detachably fixedly connected to the machine tool. A guide rod is formed on the fixed base 611. The lifting block 612 is slidably connected to the fixed base 611 through the guide rod, and the sliding direction of the lifting block 612 is slidingly set. The lifting block 612 is rotatably connected to the roller bearing 63. In the present application, the lifting block 612 can be lifted and lowered by means of bolt jacking or by means of a micro cylinder, as long as the lifting block 612 can be lifted and lowered in the vertical direction; the fixed base 611 can be used to fix the machine tool and limit the displacement of the lifting block 612 in the horizontal direction. The roller bearing 63 can be installed through the lifting block 612, and rolling support can be achieved for the main shaft segments 1 with different outer diameters after lifting and lowering.

[0086] Reference Figure 3 In order to achieve the approach or distance between the roller bearing 63 on the locking arm 62 and the main shaft section 1, the support unit 6 also includes a fixing mechanism 64 for fixing the locking arm 62, and the fixing mechanism 64 is connected to the fixing base 611, and the fixing mechanism 64 is connected to the locking arm 62.

[0087] Reference Figure 4 Specifically, the fixing mechanism 64 includes two transverse connecting shafts 641 and two force rods 642. The locking arm 62 is hinged to the fixed base 611, and the transverse connecting shaft 641 is welded and fixed to the locking arm 62. The transverse connecting shaft 641 is coaxially arranged with the rotation axis of the locking arm 62. The force rod 642 is welded and fixed to one end of the transverse connecting shaft 641 away from the locking arm 62, and an adjustable angle is formed between the two force rods 642.

[0088] Reference Figure 4 In order to adjust the size of the angle between the two force rods 642, the fixing mechanism 64 also includes a driving member 643, which is connected to the force rod 642. Specifically, the driving member 643 includes a force cylinder 6432 and two driving screws 6431. One end of the driving screw 6431 is hinged to the force rod 642. The two driving screws 6431 are respectively hinged to the two force rods 642, and the threads on the two driving screws 6431 are in opposite directions. The force cylinder 6432 is threadedly connected to the two driving screws 6431. By rotating the force cylinder 6432, the two driving screws 6431 can be moved closer to or farther away from each other, thereby driving the force rod 642 to rotate to adjust the size of the angle.

[0089] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6Furthermore, in step S62 and step S7, circular cutters 5 are used to process the support unit 6 on both sides of the axial direction of the second rough blank at the same time, and the forces applied to the second rough blank by the circular cutters 5 on both sides are in opposite directions; this can ensure as much as possible that the forces applied to the camshaft by the circular cutters 5 on both sides of the support unit 6 during the cutting process are offset from each other, thereby reducing the deformation of the camshaft during the processing, and improving the processing accuracy of the camshaft.

[0090] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 In addition, after step S5 is completed, the thickness of the circular cutter disc 5 is determined according to the ratio A of the width of the cam 2 and the width of the groove 3. If the ratio A is less than 5, a circular cutter disc 5 with a thickness not greater than the width of the groove 3 is selected; if the ratio A is greater than 5, circular cutter discs 5 of different thicknesses are selected for processing in steps S6 and S7 respectively; and then the best choice is made between the influence of stopping the machine to change the tool on the processing efficiency of the camshaft and the influence of increasing the number of feeding times of the circular cutter disc 5 on the processing efficiency of the camshaft, so as to improve the processing efficiency of the camshaft as much as possible.

[0091] Reference Figures 5 to 7 Specifically, the circular cutter disc 5 includes a cutter disc frame 51 and a plurality of cutter heads 52. The cutter disc frame 51 is cylindrical, and is provided with connecting mounting holes and key slots to facilitate the fixation of the cutter disc frame 51 and the output shaft of the stepper motor. The cutter heads 52 are detachably fixed to the cutter disc frame 51, such as by countersunk bolts, and the plurality of cutter heads 52 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the cutter disc frame 51.

[0092] The implementation principle of a high-precision camshaft processing process in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: first, a long shaft steel is cut according to the size of the camshaft to obtain a plurality of blanks, and then the end face of the blank is cut and a positioning eccentric hole is drilled, and the outer circle of the shaft end of the blank is bored to form a clamping area; then, the positioning eccentric hole is used as a positioning reference, and the blank is fixed by clamping the clamping area of ​​the shaft end of the blank, and the outer circle of the eccentric segment 4 of the blank is first rough-turned and then fine-turned to obtain a first rough blank, and the positioning eccentric hole is coaxially arranged with the eccentric segment 4; then, the end face of the first rough blank is fine-milled and the first rough blank is fixed to the first rough blank. A center hole is drilled on the end face of the rough blank; then, the center hole is used as a positioning reference, the outer circle of the main shaft segment 1 on the first rough blank is finely turned, and the tool groove is turned to obtain the second rough blank, and the center hole is coaxially arranged with the main shaft segment 1; at this time, the center hole is used as a positioning reference again, and the second rough blank is processed by a circular cutter head 5 to form a cam 2 on the second rough blank. During the processing, the circular cutter head 5 rotates, and the rotation axis of the circular cutter head 5 is parallel to the direction of the rotation axis of the circular cutter head 5 and the center axis of the center hole. The motion trajectory of the axis of the circular cutter head 5 is based on the outer contour of the cam 2. The shape is programmed and controlled accordingly; then a circular cutter 5 is used to mill out the grooves 3 on both sides of the cam 2, and a camshaft is obtained after the groove milling is completed, and the motion trajectory of the axis of the circular cutter 5 is programmed and controlled according to the shape of the outer contour of the groove 3; then the outer circle of the main shaft section 1 on the camshaft is finely ground, and finally the finely ground camshaft is heat treated; first, the end face of the blank is cut to ensure the position accuracy of the eccentric hole, and the reliability of the clamping position can be achieved when clamping by machining the outer circle of the shaft end of the blank. The center hole can be used as the machining reference of the main shaft section 1, and the trajectory control is achieved by programming with the circular cutter 5, so that various outer contour shapes of cams 2 can be machined in conjunction with the rotation of the camshaft, so that there is no need to manufacture various shapes of dies before machining the cam 2, and there is no need to replace the dies when machining cams 2 with different outer contours. At the same time, the abutment deviation between the tool and the dies is avoided, and the error superposition of the machining accuracy of the dies themselves on the tool motion trajectory is avoided, which not only improves the machining efficiency of the camshaft, but also greatly improves the machining accuracy of the camshaft.

[0093] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A high-precision camshaft processing process, characterized in that: include: S1: Cutting the material to obtain the blank; S2: After cutting the end face of the blank, a positioning eccentric hole is drilled, and the outer circle of the shaft end of the blank is bored to form a clamping area; S3: Using the positioning eccentric hole as a positioning reference, the blank is fixed by clamping the clamping area of ​​the blank shaft end, and the outer circle of the eccentric section (4) of the blank is first rough-turned and then fine-turned to obtain a first rough blank, and the positioning eccentric hole is coaxially arranged with the eccentric section (4); S4: After fine milling the end surface of the first rough blank, a center hole is drilled on the end surface of the first rough blank; S5: With the center hole as the positioning reference, the outer circle of the spindle segment (1) on the first rough blank is precision-turned, and the tool-retracting groove is turned to obtain the second rough blank, and the center hole is coaxially arranged with the spindle segment (1); S6: With the center hole as a positioning reference, a circular cutter disc (5) is used to process the second rough blank to form a cam (2) on the second rough blank. During the processing, the circular cutter disc (5) rotates, and the rotation axis of the circular cutter disc (5) is parallel to the direction of the center axis of the center hole. The motion trajectory of the axis of the circular cutter disc (5) is programmed and controlled according to the shape of the outer contour of the cam (2). S7: using a circular cutter head (5) to mill out grooves (3) on both sides of the cam (2), and after the grooves are milled, a cam shaft is obtained, and the motion trajectory of the axis of the circular cutter head (5) is programmed and controlled according to the shape of the outer contour of the groove (3); S8: The outer diameter of the main shaft section (1) on the camshaft is finely ground.

2. The high-precision camshaft processing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circular cutter head (5) in step S6 comprises A cutter head frame (51), wherein a mounting hole is provided on the cutter head frame (51); A plurality of cutter heads (52) are detachably connected to the cutter head frame (51), and the plurality of cutter heads (52) are evenly distributed around the circumference of the cutter head frame (51).

3. The high-precision camshaft processing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S6 includes S61: fixing the second rough blank with the center hole as a positioning reference, and then using a support unit (6) to support the main shaft segment (1) on the second rough blank, wherein the main shaft segment (1) can rotate relative to the support unit (6), and the support unit (6) is arranged close to the middle area of ​​the second rough blank in the axial direction; S62: The second rough blank is processed using a circular cutter disc (5) to form a cam (2) on the second rough blank. During the processing, the circular cutter disc (5) rotates, and the rotation axis of the circular cutter disc (5) is parallel to the rotation axis of the circular cutter disc (5) and the central axis of the central hole. The motion trajectory of the axis of the circular cutter disc (5) is programmed and controlled according to the shape of the outer contour of the cam (2).

4. The high-precision camshaft processing process according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The supporting unit (6) in step S61 comprises: A fixed body (61), wherein the fixed body (61) is detachably fixedly connected to the machine tool; Two locking arms (62), the locking arms (62) being movably connected to the fixing body (61), and the fixing body (61) and the two locking arms (62) forming a clamping cavity, and the fixing body (61) and the locking arms (62) are both rotatably connected with roller bearings (63); A fixing mechanism (64) is used to fix two locking arms (62), wherein the fixing mechanism (64) is connected to the fixing body (61), and the fixing mechanism (64) is connected to the locking arms (62).

5. The high-precision camshaft processing process according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism (64) comprises Two transverse connecting shafts (641), the locking arm (62) is rotatably connected to the fixed body (61), the transverse connecting shaft (641) is connected to the locking arm (62), and the transverse connecting shaft (641) and the rotation axis of the locking arm (62) are coaxially arranged; Two force-applying rods (642), the force-applying rods (642) being connected to one end of the transverse connecting shaft (641) away from the locking arm (62), and the two force-applying rods (642) forming an angle; A driving member (643) is used to change the size of the angle between the two force-applying rods (642); the driving member (643) is connected to the force-applying rods (642).

6. The high-precision camshaft processing process according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving member (643) comprises Two driving screws (6431), one end of each driving screw (6431) is hinged to the force application rod (642), the two driving screws (6431) are respectively connected to the two force application rods (642), and the threads on the two driving screws (6431) are in opposite directions; A force-applying cylinder (6432), wherein the force-applying cylinder (6432) is threadedly connected to the two driving screws (6431).

7. The high-precision camshaft processing process according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing body (61) comprises A fixed base (611), the fixed base (611) being used for being detachably fixedly connected to a machine tool; A lifting block (612), the lifting block (612) is slidably connected to the fixed base (611), and the sliding direction of the lifting block (612) is vertically arranged, and the lifting block (612) is rotatably connected to the roller bearing (63).

8. The high-precision camshaft processing process according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S62 and step S7, circular cutter discs (5) are used to process the second rough blank on both sides of the support unit (6) along the axial direction, and the forces applied to the second rough blank by the circular cutter discs (5) on both sides are in opposite directions.

9. The high-precision camshaft processing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: After step S5 is completed, the thickness of the circular cutter disc (5) is determined according to the ratio A between the width of the cam (2) and the width of the groove (3); if the ratio A is less than 5, a circular cutter disc (5) having a thickness not greater than the width of the groove (3) is selected; if the ratio A is greater than 5, circular cutter discs (5) of different thicknesses are selected for processing in steps S6 and S7 respectively.

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