Precise milling machine tool for aircraft parts and milling process

Abstract

The invention discloses an aircraft part precision milling machine tool and a milling process, and relates to the technical field of intelligent manufacturing equipment industries, the aircraft part precision milling machine tool comprises a machine tool base, a machine tool body is arranged at the top of the machine tool base, a milling machine is fixedly connected in the machine tool body, and a milling cutter is arranged at the bottom of the milling machine; a spraying mechanism is arranged below the milling machine; by arranging the spraying mechanism, a rotating sleeve can drive a spraying barrel to synchronously rotate through the reactive force of spraying, and the rotating sleeve is rotationally connected with the bottom of the milling cutter through a bearing ring at the top, so that the self-rotating type cutting fluid spraying effect is achieved, all-around cutting fluid spraying work on the milling position is kept, dead angles of spraying are avoided, and the working efficiency is improved. And the problem that the milling precision of the aircraft parts is limited is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of intelligent manufacturing equipment industry, and specifically to a precision milling machine tool for aircraft parts and a milling process. Background Art

[0002] Machine tools refer to machines used to manufacture machines and machinery. Machine tools play an important role in the modernization of the national economy. Lathes are machines that mainly use turning tools to turn rotating workpieces. The ultra-precision machine tool for small micro-nano parts described in the patent application with publication number CN116689841A involves the field of intelligent manufacturing equipment industry technology, which includes a shock-absorbing table, servo wire release, roller straightening, ultra-precision piezoelectric ceramic wire feeding, multi-tool ultra-precision milling station and ultra-precision cyclone milling cutting and receiving station. All ultra-precision linear motions are achieved by air-floating guide rail modules. The multi-tool ultra-precision milling station can process parts of various shapes and can be equipped with a laser to drill micro holes.

[0003] At present, when aircraft parts are milled, a large amount of cutting fluid needs to be sprayed to ensure the milling accuracy of the parts and reduce the high temperature generated by high-intensity milling. However, when a large amount of cutting fluid is sprayed, it is easy to cause a large amount of cutting fluid to be wasted and the cooling effect is not timely. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a precision milling machine tool for aircraft parts and a milling process, which achieves the purpose of solving the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A precision milling machine tool for aircraft parts, comprising a machine tool base, a machine tool body is arranged on the top of the machine tool base, a milling machine is fixedly connected inside the machine tool body, a milling cutter is arranged at the bottom of the milling machine, and a spraying mechanism is arranged below the milling machine; The spraying mechanism comprises: A connecting rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the milling machine, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to a fixing ring, the outer wall of which is fixedly connected to a water inlet, and the inner wall of which is provided with a water groove A, and the connecting rod is used to fix the fixing ring to prevent the fixing ring from rotating; The rotating sleeve is a circular ring structure, the outer wall of the rotating sleeve is provided with a water groove B, the outer wall of the rotating sleeve is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed ring through a slide groove, the top of the rotating sleeve is rotatably connected to the bottom of the milling machine through a bearing ring, the interior of the water groove A is connected to the interior of the water inlet, the interior of the water groove A is connected to the interior of the water groove B, and the rotating sleeve is used to rotate relative to the fixed ring and maintain internal communication.

[0006] Preferably, a spraying cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower side of the rotating sleeve, the spraying cylinder is arranged obliquely, and the spraying cylinder is a circular sleeve-shaped structure.

[0007] Preferably, a water groove is provided on the inner wall of the spray barrel, and a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spray barrel.

[0008] Preferably, a blocking block is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting plate, the blocking block is a hemispherical structure, and a through hole is formed on the inner wall of the blocking block.

[0009] Preferably, a flow guide pipe is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the block, and a flow guide cover is fixedly connected to the edge of the bottom of the block.

[0010] Preferably, a water flow changing mechanism is provided inside the spray barrel, and the water flow changing mechanism includes a fixed frame, the outer wall of the fixed frame is slidably connected to the inner wall of the spray barrel, the inner wall of the fixed frame is fixedly connected to a filter, the top of the fixed frame is fixedly connected to a spring, the top of the spring is fixedly connected to a fixed plate, and the top of the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the spray barrel.

[0011] Preferably, a water hole B is opened on the inner wall of the fixing plate, a magnetic ring A is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing frame, and a magnetic ring B is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spraying tube. The magnetic ring A and the magnetic ring B are magnetic and have opposite poles that attract each other.

[0012] A precision milling process for aircraft parts, comprising the following steps: S1: Control the milling machine to move to a specified position by starting the machine tool body, mill the aircraft parts on the machine tool base, and connect the docking water outlet to the cutting fluid spray pipe; S2: The cutting fluid is pressed into the water inlet and the fixed ring by the external pump, and enters the water groove B of the rotating sleeve through the water groove A opened on the inner wall of the fixed ring, and enters the water groove in the spraying tube below through the inside of the rotating sleeve, and finally sprayed out from the bottom of the spraying tube; S3: When the cutting fluid is sprayed out through the spray barrel, since the spray barrel is in an inclined shape, when the parts are sprayed through several spray barrels, the reaction force of the spraying will cause the rotating sleeve to rotate synchronously with the spray barrels.

[0013] The present invention provides a precision milling machine tool and milling process for aircraft parts, which have the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention provides a spraying mechanism, and the reaction force of spraying causes the rotating sleeve to rotate synchronously with the spraying barrel, and the rotating sleeve is rotatably connected to the bottom of the milling cutter through the bearing ring on the top, thereby realizing a self-rotating cutting fluid spraying effect, maintaining a full range of cutting fluid spraying work on the milling area, and avoiding the problem of limited milling accuracy of aircraft parts due to dead angles in spraying.

[0014] 2. The present invention sets a spraying mechanism to achieve a hollow annular spray of the cutting fluid. At the same time, another part of the pressurized cutting fluid will be sprayed out through the through hole in the block, so that the part sprayed through the through hole is sprayed in a columnar shape, while the cutting fluid passing through the block and the outer wall of the guide cover is sprayed in a hollow annular shape. This spraying method can ensure a certain spraying area while saving the use of cutting fluid. The cutting fluid sprayed from the center of the through hole effectively meets the targeted spraying effect on the milling position.

[0015] 3. The present invention sets a water flow changing mechanism to ensure stable cooling effect under high-speed milling. When the water pressure is increased, the original columnar and annular synchronous spraying of cutting fluid will be automatically changed to columnar spray and atomized spray at the same time. While the columnar spraying of cutting fluid in the through hole completes the point-to-point spraying, the annular spraying mode is changed to atomized spraying to achieve targeted cooling effect, thereby achieving high-temperature cooling of parts. The spraying mode is automatically changed according to different scenarios to save cutting fluid spraying as much as possible and to adapt to milling processing.

[0016] 4. The present invention sets a water flow changing mechanism. Due to the rotation of the fixed ring and the spray barrel, the atomized liquid is sprayed out in a circular manner, making the atomization more uniform. The rotation of the spray barrel and the fixed ring will move the air to make the air flow. The small droplets formed after atomization evaporate quickly and absorb a large amount of heat in the milling area, thereby effectively reducing the temperature of the cutting area. With the flow of air, the atomized droplets after absorbing heat are pushed away and quickly exchange heat with the surrounding area. A new round of heat absorption is completed by new atomized droplets, thereby improving the cooling effect while ensuring that the cooling is more uniform. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the spraying mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the spraying mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 The cross-sectional structure of the spraying mechanism of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the spray barrel of the present invention; Figure 6 The cross-sectional structure of the spraying mechanism of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified image of point A; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6A magnified view of point B; Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the water flow changing mechanism of the present invention Figure 1 ; Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the water flow changing mechanism of the present invention Figure 2 ; Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the water flow changing mechanism of the present invention Figure 3 ; Fig.12 The motion state of the water flow changing mechanism of the present invention Figure 1 ; Fig.13 The motion state of the water flow changing mechanism of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0018] In the figure: 1 machine tool base, 2 machine tool body, 3 spraying mechanism, 301 connecting rod, 302 fixing ring, 303 water inlet, 304 rotating sleeve, 305 water trough A, 306 water trough B, 307 spraying tube, 308 water trough, 309 connecting plate, 310 blocking block, 311 through hole, 312 guide pipe, 313 guide cover, 314 bearing ring, 4 water flow changing mechanism, 401 fixing frame, 402 filter screen, 403 spring, 404 water hole A, 405 fixing plate, 406 magnetic ring A, 407 magnetic ring B, 408 water hole B, 5 milling machine, 6 milling cutter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1-4 The present invention provides a technical solution: a precision milling machine tool for aircraft parts, comprising a machine tool base 1, a machine tool body 2 is arranged on the top of the machine tool base 1, a milling machine 5 is fixedly connected inside the machine tool body 2, a milling cutter 6 is arranged at the bottom of the milling machine 5, and a spraying mechanism 3 is arranged below the milling machine 5; The spraying mechanism 3 comprises: A connecting rod 301, one end of which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the milling machine 5, and the other end of the connecting rod 301 is fixedly connected to a fixing ring 302, the outer wall of the fixing ring 302 is fixedly connected to a water inlet 303, and the inner wall of the fixing ring 302 is provided with a water groove A305, and the connecting rod 301 is used to fix the fixing ring 302 to prevent the fixing ring 302 from rotating; The rotating sleeve 304 is a circular ring structure. A water groove B306 is provided on the outer wall of the rotating sleeve 304. The outer wall of the rotating sleeve 304 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed ring 302 through a slide groove. The top of the rotating sleeve 304 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the milling machine 5 through the bearing ring 314. The interior of the water groove A305 is connected to the interior of the water inlet 303. The interior of the water groove A305 is connected to the interior of the water groove B306. The rotating sleeve 304 is used to rotate relative to the fixed ring 302 and maintain internal communication.

[0020] When in use, the machine tool body 2 is started to control the milling machine 5 to move to the designated position, and the aircraft parts on the machine tool base 1 are milled. The water inlet 303 is connected to the cutting fluid spraying pipe in advance, so that the cutting fluid is injected into the fixed ring 302 by external pressure, and the pressurized cutting fluid enters the water inlet 303 and the fixed ring 302, and enters the water groove B306 of the rotating sleeve 304 through the water groove A305 opened on the inner wall of the fixed ring 302, and enters the water groove 308 in the lower spraying tube 307 through the inside of the rotating sleeve 304, and finally sprays out from the lower side of the spraying tube 307, completing the real-time spraying of the cutting fluid during milling. Example 2: Please refer to Figure 1-7 On the basis of the first embodiment, the present invention provides a technical solution: a spraying tube 307 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the rotating sleeve 304, the spraying tube 307 is inclined, and the spraying tube 307 is a circular sleeve structure.

[0021] A water channel 308 is provided on the inner wall of the spraying tube 307 , and a connecting plate 309 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spraying tube 307 .

[0022] A blocking block 310 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting plate 309 . The blocking block 310 is a hemispherical structure, and a through hole 311 is formed on the inner wall of the blocking block 310 .

[0023] A flow guide pipe 312 is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the blocking block 310 , and a flow guide cover 313 is fixedly connected to the edge of the bottom of the blocking block 310 .

[0024] When the cutting fluid is sprayed out through the spray barrel 307, since the spray barrel 307 is in an inclined shape, when the parts are sprayed through several spray barrels 307, the reaction force of the spraying will cause the rotating sleeve 304 to rotate synchronously with the spray barrel 307. The spray barrel 307 is set to be inclined at 45 degrees, and the inclined position also makes the spray barrel 307 face the central area of ​​the rotating sleeve 304. Because the inclined spray barrel 307 itself will be subjected to a reaction force when spraying, the reaction force generated by the inclined spray barrel 307 will be decomposed into The thrust in the horizontal direction is given to the rotating sleeve 304. Since each inclined spraying tube 307 has the same angle, the force causes the rotating sleeve 304 to rotate in the same direction. Thus, the combined force of the spraying tube 307 causes the rotating sleeve 304 to rotate continuously. The rotating sleeve 304 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the milling machine 5 through the bearing ring 314 at the top, thereby realizing the self-rotating cutting fluid spraying effect, maintaining the omnidirectional cutting fluid spraying work at the milling location, and avoiding the problem of limited milling accuracy of aircraft parts due to the existence of dead angles in the spraying. When the cutting fluid is sprayed out through the spray barrel 307, it is sprayed out through the block 310 inside the spray barrel 307, and when passing around the block 310, it is guided by the guide cover 313 below the block 310, so that the cutting fluid is sprayed in a hollow annular shape. At the same time, another part of the pressurized cutting fluid is sprayed out through the through hole 311 in the block 310, so that the part sprayed through the through hole 311 is sprayed in a columnar shape, and the cutting fluid passing through the outer wall of the block 310 and the guide cover 313 is sprayed in an annular hollow shape. This spraying method can ensure a certain spraying area, while saving the use of cutting fluid, and the cutting fluid sprayed from the center of the through hole 311 effectively satisfies the targeted spraying effect on the milling position; Example 3: Please refer to Figure 1-13 On the basis of the first and second embodiments, the present invention provides a technical solution: a water flow changing mechanism 4 is arranged inside the spray barrel 307, and the water flow changing mechanism 4 includes a fixed frame 401, the outer wall of the fixed frame 401 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the spray barrel 307, the inner wall of the fixed frame 401 is fixedly connected to a filter screen 402, the top of the fixed frame 401 is fixedly connected to a spring 403, the top of the spring 403 is fixedly connected to a fixed plate 405, and the top of the fixed plate 405 is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the spray barrel 307.

[0025] A water hole B408 is provided on the inner wall of the fixing plate 405, a magnetic ring A406 is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing frame 401, and a magnetic ring B407 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spraying tube 307. The magnetic ring A406 and the magnetic ring B407 are magnetic and have opposite poles that attract each other. When spraying under normal pressure, the liquid is sprayed out through the through hole 311 and the annular gap between the block 310 and the spray barrel 307. Under high-speed milling, it is necessary to increase the cutting fluid to ensure milling while reducing the high temperature generated between the part and the milling cutter 6. At this time, the pressure is increased externally, so that the flow rate of the cutting fluid sprayed through the spray barrel 307 increases rapidly. When the pressure increases and the cutting fluid is sprayed quickly, the pressure inside the spray barrel 307 increases synchronously and the flow rate becomes faster. At this time, the fixed frame 401 and the filter screen 402 are subjected to increased downward water pressure, which is greater than the magnetic attraction between the magnetic ring A406 and the magnetic ring B407. Therefore, the magnetic ring A406 is separated from the magnetic attraction of the magnetic ring B407, and is quickly pushed down by the water flow, and the spring 403 is pulled to deform. As the fixed frame 401 and the filter screen 402 descend, the water holes A404 opened on the inner wall of the fixed frame 401 will abut against the surface of the block 310 below, and the channel of the cutting fluid that originally passed through the outside of the block 310 will be completely closed after abutting, so that the cutting fluid can only be sprayed through the through hole 311 and sprayed outwardly through the filter screen 402 in the fixed frame 401 in an atomized manner, and then under high-speed milling, in order to ensure its stable cooling effect, when the water pressure is increased, the original columnar and annular synchronous spraying of the cutting fluid will be automatically changed to columnar injection and atomized injection at the same time, and the cutting fluid injected through the columnar injection in the through hole 311 completes the point-to-point injection, and the annular spraying mode is changed to atomized spraying to achieve targeted cooling, and high-temperature cooling of the parts can be achieved without excessive pressure and excessive flow rate, and the spraying mode can be automatically changed according to its different scenes to save the spraying of cutting fluid as much as possible and to apply to milling work. At the same time, when the atomized liquid is sprayed out, the rotation of the rotating sleeve 304 and the spraying tube 307 will spray the atomized liquid in a circular manner, making the atomization more uniform. The rotation of the spraying tube 307 and the fixing ring 302 will move the air, so that the air flows, and the small droplets formed after the atomization evaporate quickly, absorbing a large amount of heat in the milling area, thereby effectively reducing the temperature of the cutting area. With the flow of air, the atomized liquid droplets after absorbing heat are pushed away, and heat is quickly exchanged with the surroundings. A new round of heat absorption is completed by new atomized liquid droplets, thereby improving the cooling effect and ensuring that the cooling is more uniform. A precision milling process for aircraft parts, comprising the following steps: S1: Control the milling machine 5 to move to a designated position by starting the machine tool body 2, milling the aircraft parts on the machine tool base 1, and connecting the water inlet 303 to the cutting fluid spraying pipe; S2: The cutting fluid is pressed into the water inlet 303 and the fixed ring 302 by the pressure of an external pump, and enters the water groove B306 of the rotating sleeve 304 through the water groove A305 provided on the inner wall of the fixed ring 302, and then enters the water groove 308 in the spraying tube 307 below through the inside of the rotating sleeve 304, and finally sprayed out through the bottom of the spraying tube 307; S3: When the cutting fluid is sprayed out through the spray barrel 307, since the spray barrel 307 is in an inclined shape, when the parts are sprayed through several spray barrels 307, the reaction force of the spraying will cause the rotating sleeve 304 to rotate synchronously with the spray barrel 307.

[0026] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A precision milling machine tool for aircraft parts, comprising a machine tool base (1), a machine tool body (2) being arranged on the top of the machine tool base (1), a milling machine (5) being fixedly connected inside the machine tool body (2), a milling cutter (6) being arranged at the bottom of the milling machine (5), characterized in that: A spraying mechanism (3) is provided below the milling machine (5); The spraying mechanism (3) comprises: A connecting rod (301), one end of the connecting rod (301) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the milling machine (5), the other end of the connecting rod (301) is fixedly connected to a fixing ring (302), the outer wall of the fixing ring (302) is fixedly connected to a water inlet (303), the inner wall of the fixing ring (302) is provided with a water groove A (305), and the connecting rod (301) is used to fix the fixing ring (302) and prevent the fixing ring (302) from rotating; A rotating sleeve (304) is a circular ring structure. A water groove B (306) is provided on the outer wall of the rotating sleeve (304). The outer wall of the rotating sleeve (304) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed ring (302) via a sliding groove. The top of the rotating sleeve (304) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the milling machine (5) via a bearing ring (314). The interior of the water groove A (305) is connected to the interior of the water inlet (303). The interior of the water groove A (305) is connected to the interior of the water groove B (306). The rotating sleeve (304) is used to rotate relative to the fixed ring (302) and maintain internal communication.

2. The aircraft parts precision milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spraying barrel (307) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating sleeve (304). The spraying barrel (307) is inclined at a 45-degree angle relative to the tangent direction of the outer wall of the rotating sleeve (304). The spraying barrel (307) is a circular sleeve-shaped structure.

3. The precision milling machine tool for aircraft parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the spray barrel (307) is provided with a water channel (308), and the inner wall of the spray barrel (307) is fixedly connected with a connecting plate (309).

4. The aircraft parts precision milling machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: A blocking block (310) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting plate (309); the blocking block (310) is a hemispherical structure; and a through hole (311) is provided on the inner wall of the blocking block (310).

5. The aircraft parts precision milling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: A flow guide pipe (312) is fixedly connected to the center position of the bottom of the blocking block (310), and a flow guide cover (313) is fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the blocking block (310).

6. The aircraft parts precision milling machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: A water flow changing mechanism (4) is arranged inside the spray barrel (307), and the water flow changing mechanism (4) comprises a fixed frame (401), the outer wall of the fixed frame (401) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the spray barrel (307), the inner wall of the fixed frame (401) is fixedly connected to a filter screen (402), the top of the fixed frame (401) is fixedly connected to a spring (403), the top of the spring (403) is fixedly connected to a fixed plate (405), and the top of the fixed plate (405) is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the spray barrel (307).

7. The aircraft parts precision milling machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner wall of the fixing plate (405) is provided with a water hole B (408), the top of the fixing frame (401) is fixedly connected with a magnetic ring A (406), and the inner wall of the spraying tube (307) is fixedly connected with a magnetic ring B (407), and the magnetic ring A (406) and the magnetic ring B (407) are magnetic and have opposite poles that attract each other.

8. A precision milling process for aircraft parts, based on a precision milling machine tool for aircraft parts according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: starting the machine tool body (2) to control the milling machine (5) to move to a specified position, milling the aircraft parts on the machine tool base (1), and connecting the docking water inlet (303) to the cutting fluid spraying pipe; S2: The cutting fluid is pressed into the water inlet (303) and the fixed ring (302) by the external pump, and enters the water groove B (306) of the rotating sleeve (304) through the water groove A (305) provided on the inner wall of the fixed ring (302), and enters the water groove (308) in the spraying cylinder (307) below through the inside of the rotating sleeve (304), and finally sprayed out from the bottom of the spraying cylinder (307); S3: When the cutting fluid is sprayed out through the spray barrel (307), since the spray barrel (307) is in an inclined shape, when the parts are sprayed through several spray barrels (307), the reaction force of the spraying will cause the rotating sleeve (304) to rotate synchronously with the spray barrels (307).

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