A precision milling machine tool and milling process for aircraft parts

Abstract

The present invention discloses a precision milling machine tool for aircraft parts and a milling process, which relates to the technical field of intelligent manufacturing equipment industry. It includes a machine tool base, and a machine tool body is arranged on the top of the machine tool base. A milling machine is fixedly connected inside the machine tool body, a milling cutter is arranged at the bottom of the milling machine, and a spraying mechanism is arranged below the milling machine; by setting the spraying mechanism, the reaction force of the spraying will cause the rotating sleeve to drive the spraying cylinder to rotate synchronously, and the rotating sleeve is rotationally connected to the bottom of the milling cutter through the bearing ring at the top, so as to realize the self-rotating type cutting fluid spraying function, maintain the all-round cutting fluid spraying work on the milling part, avoid the problem that the spraying has dead corners, resulting in the limitation of the milling accuracy of aircraft parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of intelligent manufacturing equipment industry, and particularly to a precision milling machine tool for aircraft parts and a milling process. Background Art

[0002] A machine tool refers to a machine that manufactures machines and machinery. Machine tools play a significant role in the construction of national economic modernization. A lathe is a machine tool that mainly uses a turning tool to perform turning operations on a rotating workpiece;

[0003] A micro-nano parts ultra-precision machine tool described in a patent application with the publication number CN116689841A relates to the technical field of intelligent manufacturing equipment industry. It includes a shock-absorbing table, servo wire feeding, roller straightening, ultra-precision piezoelectric ceramic wire feeding, a multi-tool holder ultra-precision milling station, and an ultra-precision whirling milling cutting and collecting station. All ultra-precision linear motions are achieved by an air-floating guide rail module. The multi-tool holder ultra-precision milling station can process parts of various shapes and can be equipped with a laser for drilling micro-holes.

[0004] Currently, when milling aircraft parts, a large amount of cutting fluid needs to be sprayed to ensure the milling accuracy of the parts and reduce the high temperature generated during high-intensity milling. However, when a large amount of cutting fluid is sprayed, it is easy to cause a large amount of waste of cutting fluid and the problem of untimely cooling effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a precision milling machine tool for aircraft parts and a milling process, achieving the purpose of solving the above problems.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A precision milling machine tool for aircraft parts, including a machine tool base, a machine tool body is arranged on the top of the machine tool base, a milling machine is fixedly connected inside the machine tool body, a milling cutter is arranged at the bottom of the milling machine, and a spraying mechanism is arranged below the milling machine;

[0007] The spraying mechanism includes:

[0008] A connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the milling machine, the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to a fixing ring, a water inlet is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixing ring, a water channel A is opened on the inner wall of the fixing ring, and the connecting rod is used to fix the fixing ring to prevent the fixing ring from rotating;

[0009] Rotating sleeve. The rotating sleeve is of a circular ring structure. A water trough B is provided on the outer wall of the rotating sleeve. The outer wall of the rotating sleeve is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed ring through a chute. The top of the rotating sleeve is rotationally connected to the bottom of the milling machine through a bearing ring. The inside of the water trough A is communicated with the inside of the water receiving port, and the inside of the water trough A is communicated with the inside of the water trough B. The rotating sleeve is used to rotate relative to the fixed ring and maintain internal communication.

[0010] Preferably, a spraying cylinder is fixedly connected below the rotating sleeve. The spraying cylinder is inclined and is of a circular sleeve structure.

[0011] Preferably, a water trough is provided on the inner wall of the spraying cylinder, and a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spraying cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, one end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected with a blocking block. The blocking block is of a hemispherical structure, and a through hole is provided on the inner wall of the blocking block.

[0013] Preferably, a diversion pipe is fixedly connected to the center position at the bottom of the blocking block, and a diversion cover is fixedly connected to the edge at the bottom of the blocking block.

[0014] Preferably, a water flow changing mechanism is arranged inside the spraying cylinder. The water flow changing mechanism includes a fixed frame. The outer wall of the fixed frame is slidably connected to the inner wall of the spraying cylinder. A filter screen is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed frame. A spring is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed frame. The top end of the spring is fixedly connected to a fixing plate, and the top of the fixing plate is fixedly connected to the top inner wall of the spraying cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, a water through hole B is provided on the inner wall of the fixing plate. A magnetic ring A is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed frame. A magnetic ring B is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spraying cylinder. The magnetic ring A and the magnetic ring B have magnetism and attract each other with opposite poles.

[0016] An aircraft part precision milling process includes the following steps:

[0017] S1: By starting the machine body of the machine tool, control the milling machine to move to the specified position, mill the aircraft part on the machine tool base, and connect the docking water inlet to the cutting fluid spraying pipe;

[0018] S2: Press the cutting fluid into the water receiving port and the fixed ring through the pressurization of an external pump, enter the water trough B of the rotating sleeve through the water trough A provided on the inner wall of the fixed ring, and enter the water trough inside the spraying cylinder below through the inside of the rotating sleeve, and finally spray out from below the spraying cylinder;

[0019] S3: When the cutting fluid is sprayed out through the spraying cylinder, since the spraying cylinder is inclined, when spraying the part through several spraying cylinders, the reaction force of the spraying will cause the rotating sleeve to drive the spraying cylinder to rotate synchronously.

[0020] The present invention provides a precision milling machine tool and a milling process for aircraft parts, having the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. By setting up a spraying mechanism in the present invention, the reaction force of the spraying will cause the rotating sleeve to drive the spraying cylinder to rotate synchronously, and the rotating sleeve is rotationally connected to the bottom of the milling cutter through the bearing ring at the top, thereby realizing the self-rotating cutting fluid spraying function, maintaining the all-round cutting fluid spraying work on the milling area, and avoiding the problem that the milling accuracy of aircraft parts is limited due to dead corners in spraying.

[0022] 2. By setting up a spraying mechanism in the present invention, the cutting fluid is sprayed in a hollow ring shape, and at the same time, another part of the pressurized cutting fluid will be sprayed out through the through holes in the plug block, so that the part sprayed through the through holes is in a columnar spraying form, and the cutting fluid between the plug block and the outer wall of the diversion cover is in a ring-shaped hollow spraying form. This spraying method can ensure a certain spraying area, save the use of cutting fluid at the same time, and the cutting fluid sprayed from the center of the through hole effectively meets the targeted spraying effect on the milling position.

[0023] 3. By setting up a water flow changing mechanism in the present invention, in order to ensure its stable cooling effect under high-speed milling, when the water pressure is increased, the original synchronous spraying of columnar and annular cutting fluid will be automatically changed to the simultaneous implementation of columnar spraying and atomizing spraying. While the cutting fluid sprayed in a column through the through hole completes the point-to-point spraying, the annular spraying method is changed to atomizing spraying to achieve the targeted cooling effect, so as to achieve the high-temperature cooling of the parts, and automatically change the spraying method according to different scenarios to save the spraying of cutting fluid as much as possible and adapt to the machining of milling work.

[0024] 4. By setting up a water flow changing mechanism in the present invention, due to the rotation of the fixed ring and the spraying cylinder, the atomized circumferential spraying will be carried out, making the atomization more uniform, and the rotation of the spraying cylinder and the fixed ring will stir the air, causing the air to flow. The small droplets formed after atomization will evaporate quickly, absorbing a large amount of heat in the milling area, thereby effectively reducing the temperature of the cutting area. Along with the flow of air, the atomized droplets after heat absorption will be pushed away and quickly exchange heat with the surrounding area, and a new round of heat absorption will be completed through the new atomized droplets, thereby improving the cooling effect while ensuring more uniform cooling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the spraying mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is a disassembled structural diagram of the spraying mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic cross-sectional structure of the spraying mechanism of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 5 Schematic structural diagram of the spraying cylinder of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 Schematic cross-sectional structure of the spraying mechanism of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view at position A;

[0032] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view at position B;

[0033] Figure 9 Schematic disassembled structure of the water flow changing mechanism of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0034] Figure 10 Schematic disassembled structure of the water flow changing mechanism of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0035] Figure 11 Schematic disassembled structure of the water flow changing mechanism of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0036] Figure 12 Motion state of the water flow changing mechanism of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0037] Figure 13 Motion state of the water flow changing mechanism of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0038] In the figure: 1 machine tool base, 2 machine tool body, 3 spraying mechanism, 301 connecting rod, 302 fixing ring, 303 water inlet, 304 rotating sleeve, 305 water passage A, 306 water passage B, 307 spraying cylinder, 308 water passage, 309 connecting plate, 310 plug, 311 through hole, 312 diversion pipe, 313 diversion cover, 314 bearing ring, 4 water flow changing mechanism, 401 fixing frame, 402 filter screen, 403 spring, 404 water passage A, 405 fixing plate, 406 magnetic ring A, 407 magnetic ring B, 408 water passage B, 5 milling machine, 6 milling cutter. Detailed implementation manners

[0039] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1-4, the present invention provides a technical solution: a precision milling machine for aircraft parts, including a machine tool base 1, a machine tool body 2 is arranged on the top of the machine tool base 1, a milling machine 5 is fixedly connected inside the machine tool body 2, a milling cutter 6 is arranged at the bottom of the milling machine 5, and a spraying mechanism 3 is arranged below the milling machine 5;

[0040] The spraying mechanism 3 includes:

[0041] A connecting rod 301, one end of the connecting rod 301 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the milling machine 5, the other end of the connecting rod 301 is fixedly connected with a fixing ring 302, a water inlet 303 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixing ring 302, a water channel A 305 is opened on the inner wall of the fixing ring 302, and the connecting rod 301 is used to fix the fixing ring 302 to prevent the fixing ring 302 from rotating;

[0042] A rotating sleeve 304, the rotating sleeve 304 is a circular ring structure, a water channel B 306 is opened on the outer wall of the rotating sleeve 304, the outer wall of the rotating sleeve 304 is slidably connected with the inner wall of the fixing ring 302 through a chute, the top of the rotating sleeve 304 is rotationally connected to the bottom of the milling machine 5 through a bearing ring 314, the inside of the water channel A 305 is communicated with the inside of the water inlet 303, the inside of the water channel A 305 is communicated with the inside of the water channel B 306, and the rotating sleeve 304 is used to rotate relative to the fixing ring 302 and keep the inside communicated.

[0043] During use, by starting the machine tool body 2 to control the milling machine 5 to move to a specified position, milling the aircraft parts on the machine tool base 1, and connecting the water inlet 303 to the cutting fluid spraying pipe in advance, so that the cutting fluid is pressed into the fixing ring 302 through external pressurization, and the pressurized cutting fluid enters the water inlet 303 and the fixing ring 302, and enters the water channel B 306 of the rotating sleeve 304 through the water channel A 305 opened on the inner wall of the fixing ring 302, and enters the water channel 308 inside the spraying cylinder 307 below through the inside of the rotating sleeve 304, and finally sprays out from below the spraying cylinder 307 to complete the real-time spraying work of the cutting fluid during milling;

[0044] Embodiment 2: Please refer to Figure 1-7 , on the basis of Embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a spraying cylinder 307 is fixedly connected below the rotating sleeve 304, the spraying cylinder 307 is inclined, and the spraying cylinder 307 is a circular sleeve structure.

[0045] A water channel 308 is opened on the inner wall of the spraying cylinder 307, and a connecting plate 309 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spraying cylinder 307.

[0046] One end of the connecting plate 309 is fixedly connected with a plug 310, the plug 310 is a hemispherical structure, and a through hole 311 is opened on the inner wall of the plug 310.

[0047] A diversion pipe 312 is fixedly connected to the center position at the bottom of the plug 310, and a diversion cover 313 is fixedly connected to the edge at the bottom of the plug 310.

[0048] When the cutting fluid is sprayed out through the spraying cylinder 307, since the spraying cylinder 307 is in an inclined shape, when the parts are sprayed through several spraying cylinders 307, the reaction force of the spraying will cause the rotating sleeve 304 to drive the spraying cylinder 307 to rotate synchronously. The spraying cylinder 307 is set at an inclination of 45 degrees, and at this inclined position, the spraying cylinder 307 also faces a relatively central area of the rotating sleeve 304. Because the spraying cylinder 307 in the inclined state will be subjected to a reaction force during spraying, the reaction force generated by the spraying cylinder 307 in this inclined state will be decomposed into a thrust force in the horizontal direction given to the rotating sleeve 304. Also, because the angles of each inclined spraying cylinder 307 are the same, this force will cause the rotating sleeve 304 to rotate in the same direction, so that the resultant force of the spraying cylinder 307 causes the rotating sleeve 304 to continuously rotate. The rotating sleeve 304 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the milling machine 5 through the bearing ring 314 at the top, thereby realizing the self-rotating spraying function of the cutting fluid, maintaining the all-round spraying of the cutting fluid at the milling position, avoiding the problem that the spraying has dead corners and resulting in limited milling accuracy of aircraft parts.

[0049] When the cutting fluid is sprayed out through the spraying cylinder 307, it is sprayed out through the plug 310 inside the spraying cylinder 307, and when passing around the plug 310, it is diverted by the diversion cover 313 below the plug 310 to realize the annular spraying of the cutting fluid in a hollow shape. At the same time, another part of the pressurized cutting fluid will be sprayed out through the through hole 311 in the plug 310 to realize the columnar spraying of the part sprayed out through the through hole 311, and the cutting fluid passing through the outer walls of the plug 310 and the diversion cover 313 is in an annular hollow spraying. This spraying method can ensure a certain spraying area, save the use of cutting fluid at the same time, and the cutting fluid sprayed out from the center of the through hole 311 effectively satisfies the targeted spraying effect on the milling position.

[0050] Embodiment Three: Please refer to Figure 1-13 , based on Embodiment One and Embodiment Two, the present invention provides a technical solution: A water flow changing mechanism 4 is arranged inside the spraying cylinder 307. The water flow changing mechanism 4 includes a fixed frame 401, the outer wall of the fixed frame 401 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the spraying cylinder 307, a filter screen 402 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed frame 401, a spring 403 is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed frame 401, the top end of the spring 403 is fixedly connected to a fixing plate 405, and the top of the fixing plate 405 is fixedly connected to the top inner wall of the spraying cylinder 307.

[0051] The inner wall of the fixing plate 405 is provided with a water through hole B408. The top of the fixing frame 401 is fixedly connected with a magnetic ring A406, and the inner wall of the spraying cylinder 307 is fixedly connected with a magnetic ring B407. The magnetic ring A406 and the magnetic ring B407 are magnetic and attract each other with opposite poles.

[0052] During normal pressure spraying, the liquid sprays out together through the through hole 311 and the annular gap between the plug 310 and the spraying cylinder 307. During high-speed milling, it is necessary to increase the cutting fluid to ensure milling while reducing the high temperature generated between the part and the milling cutter 6. At this time, by increasing the external pressure, the flow rate of the cutting fluid sprayed out through the spraying cylinder 307 increases rapidly. When the cutting fluid is sprayed rapidly under increased pressure, since the pressure inside the spraying cylinder 307 increases synchronously and the flow rate becomes faster, the downward water pressure on the fixing frame 401 and the filter screen 402 increases and is greater than the magnetic attraction between the magnetic ring A406 and the magnetic ring B407. Therefore, the magnetic ring A406 disengages from the magnetic attraction of the magnetic ring B407 and is quickly pushed down by the water flow, pulling the spring 403 to deform it.

[0053] As the fixing frame 401 and the filter screen 402 descend, they will abut against the surface of the plug 310 below through the water through hole A404 provided on the inner wall of the fixing frame 401. After abutting, the passage of the cutting fluid originally passing through the outside of the plug 310 is completely blocked, so that it can only be sprayed through the through hole 311 and atomized spraying outward through the filter screen 402 in the fixing frame 401. Then, during high-speed milling, in order to ensure its stable cooling effect, when the water pressure is increased, the original columnar and annular synchronous spraying of the cutting fluid will automatically be changed to the simultaneous columnar spraying and atomized spraying. While the cutting fluid sprayed columnarly through the through hole 311 completes point-to-point spraying, the annular spraying method is changed to atomized spraying to achieve targeted cooling, and there is no need for too much pressure and too high a flow rate to achieve high-temperature cooling of the part. It can automatically change the spraying method according to different scenarios to save the spraying of the cutting fluid as much as possible and be suitable for the processing of milling work.

[0054] At the same time, when atomized spraying occurs, due to the rotation of the rotating sleeve 304 and the spraying cylinder 307, the atomized fluid will be sprayed out in a circumferential manner, making the atomization more uniform. Along with the rotation of the spraying cylinder 307 and the fixing ring 302, the air will be stirred, causing the air to flow. The small droplets formed after atomization will quickly evaporate, absorbing a large amount of heat in the milling area, thereby effectively reducing the temperature of the cutting area. Along with the flow of the air, the atomized droplets after heat absorption will be pushed away and quickly exchange heat with the surrounding area. Through the new atomized droplets, a new round of heat absorption is completed, thereby improving the cooling effect while ensuring more uniform cooling.

[0055] An aircraft part precision milling process includes the following steps:

[0056] S1: Control the milling machine 5 to move to the specified position by starting the machine tool body 2, mill the aircraft parts on the machine tool base 1, and connect the water receiving port 303 to the cutting fluid spraying pipe.

[0057] S2: Press the cutting fluid into the water receiving port 303 and the fixing ring 302 through the pressurization of an external pump, enter the water channel B306 of the rotating sleeve 304 through the water channel A305 opened on the inner wall of the fixing ring 302, enter the water channel 308 in the lower spraying cylinder 307 through the inside of the rotating sleeve 304, and finally spray out from below the spraying cylinder 307.

[0058] S3: When the cutting fluid is sprayed out through the spraying cylinder 307, since the spraying cylinder 307 is in an inclined shape, when spraying the parts through several spraying cylinders 307, the reaction force of the spraying will cause the rotating sleeve 304 to drive the spraying cylinder 307 to rotate synchronously.

[0059] The above is only the preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A precision milling machine for aircraft parts, comprising a machine tool base (1), a machine tool body (2) is arranged on the top of the machine tool base (1), a milling machine (5) is fixedly connected inside the machine tool body (2), and a milling cutter (6) is arranged at the bottom of the milling machine (5), characterized in that: A spraying mechanism (3) is arranged below the milling machine (5); The spraying mechanism (3) includes: A connecting rod (301), one end of the connecting rod (301) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the milling machine (5), the other end of the connecting rod (301) is fixedly connected to a fixing ring (302), a water inlet (303) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixing ring (302), a water channel A (305) is opened on the inner wall of the fixing ring (302), and the connecting rod (301) is used to fix the fixing ring (302) to prevent the fixing ring (302) from rotating; A rotating sleeve (304), the rotating sleeve (304) is of a circular ring structure, a water channel B (306) is opened on the outer wall of the rotating sleeve (304), the outer wall of the rotating sleeve (304) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixing ring (302) through a chute, the top of the rotating sleeve (304) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the milling machine (5) through a bearing ring (314), the inside of the water channel A (305) is communicated with the inside of the water inlet (303), the inside of the water channel A (305) is communicated with the inside of the water channel B (306), and the rotating sleeve (304) is used to rotate relative to the fixing ring (302) and keep the inside communicated; A spraying cylinder (307) is fixedly connected below the rotating sleeve (304), the spraying cylinder (307) is inclined at an angle of 45 degrees upward in the tangential direction relative to the outer wall of the rotating sleeve (304), and the spraying cylinder (307) is of a circular sleeve structure; A water flow changing mechanism (4) is arranged inside the spraying cylinder (307), the water flow changing mechanism (4) includes a fixing frame (401), the outer wall of the fixing frame (401) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the spraying cylinder (307), a filter screen (402) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing frame (401), a spring (403) is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing frame (401), the top of the spring (403) is fixedly connected to a fixing plate (405), and the top of the fixing plate (405) is fixedly connected to the top inner wall of the spraying cylinder (307); A water passing hole B (408) is opened on the inner wall of the fixing plate (405), a magnetic ring A (406) is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing frame (401), a magnetic ring B (407) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spraying cylinder (307), and the magnetic ring A (406) and the magnetic ring B (407) have magnetism and attract each other with opposite poles.

2. The precision milling machine for aircraft parts according to claim 1, wherein: A water channel (308) is opened on the inner wall of the spraying cylinder (307), and a connecting plate (309) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the spraying cylinder (307).

3. The precision milling machine tool for aircraft parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the connecting plate (309) is fixedly connected to a blocking block (310), the blocking block (310) is of a hemispherical structure, and a through hole (311) is opened on the inner wall of the blocking block (310).

4. The precision milling machine for aircraft parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: A diversion pipe (312) is fixedly connected to the central position at the bottom of the blocking block (310), and a diversion cover (313) is fixedly connected to the edge at the bottom of the blocking block (310).

5. A precision milling process for aircraft parts, based on the precision milling machine for aircraft parts according to any one of the above claims 1-4, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1: Control the milling machine (5) to move to a specified position by starting the machine tool body (2), mill the aircraft parts on the machine tool base (1), and connect the water inlet (303) to the cutting fluid spraying pipe; S2: Pressurize the cutting fluid through an external pump and press it into the water inlet (303) and the fixed ring (302), and enter the water channel B (306) of the rotating sleeve (304) through the water channel A (305) opened on the inner wall of the fixed ring (302), and enter the water channel (308) in the lower spraying cylinder (307) through the inside of the rotating sleeve (304), and finally spray out from below the spraying cylinder (307); S3: When the cutting fluid is sprayed out through the spraying cylinder (307), since the spraying cylinder (307) is in an inclined shape, when spraying the parts through several spraying cylinders (307), the reaction force of the spraying will cause the rotating sleeve (304) to drive the spraying cylinder (307) to rotate synchronously.

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