Crushing and melting equipment and crushing and melting method for plastic granulation pretreatment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plastic processing, in particular to smashing and melting equipment for plastic granulation pretreatment and a smashing and melting method, the smashing and melting equipment is used for conducting primary processing on plastic, and the smashing and melting equipment comprises a smashing device, a screening device, a conveying device and a hot melting device; the crushing body is matched with the conical crushing box, so that the plastic can be extruded and crushed; the screening device comprises a screening part arranged on the lower portion of the conical smashing box, and a discharging opening used for discharging plastic particles exceeding the preset particle size is formed in the screening part. The driving mechanism is arranged on the screening piece, the driving mechanism can directionally push the plastic particles on the screening piece, and the driving mechanism is provided with two sets of telescopic plate pieces capable of deflecting; and the maintaining assembly is connected with the telescopic plate piece, the maintaining assembly can enable the telescopic plate piece to be kept in a deflection state, and when the telescopic plate piece moves to the stroke end, the telescopic plate piece is made to deflect in the reverse direction, and the hot melting effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plastic processing, in particular to a crushing and melting device and a crushing and melting method for plastic granulation pretreatment. Background Art

[0002] As one of the indispensable products in modern life, plastic products have been widely used in production and life. However, with the popularity of plastic products, the problem of their recycling has become increasingly prominent. Recycling of waste plastics not only helps protect the environment, but also saves resources and reduces costs.

[0003] Among the existing plastic recycling and reuse methods, the most widely used one is crushing and melting, which achieves the purpose of recycling by crushing the plastic and then hot-melting the crushed plastic.

[0004] For the crushing hot melt process, the most important thing is to control the particle size of the plastic after crushing. As for the existing crushing equipment, it can only control the approximate particle size of the plastic after crushing, so that after crushing, plastic particles with larger diameters may enter the hot melt equipment, resulting in a slower melting speed and a higher temperature required for melting, which affects the quality of the recycled plastic after cooling after hot melting. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a crushing and melting device and a crushing and melting method for plastic granulation pretreatment to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The crushing and melting equipment for plastic granulation pretreatment is used for primary processing of plastics, including a crushing device, a screening device, a conveying device and a hot-melting device, wherein the crushing device includes:

[0008] A conical crushing box, in which a crushing body is rotatably installed, and the crushing body cooperates with the conical crushing box to squeeze and crush the plastic;

[0009] The screening device comprises:

[0010] A screening element is arranged at the lower part of the conical crushing box, and the screening element is provided with a discharge port for discharging plastic particles exceeding a predetermined particle size;

[0011] A driving mechanism, arranged on the screening element, the driving mechanism can push the plastic particles on the screening element in a directional manner, and the driving mechanism is provided with two groups of deflectable telescopic plates;

[0012] A retaining assembly is connected to the telescopic plate, and the retaining assembly can keep the telescopic plate in a deflected state, and when the telescopic plate moves to the end of the stroke, the telescopic plate is deflected in the reverse direction.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the conical crushing box is provided with an inner cone surface;

[0014] The pulverizing body is provided with a plurality of groups of second outer conical surfaces, and the gaps between the plurality of groups of second outer conical surfaces and the inner conical surface decrease in sequence from top to bottom.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: the pulverizing body is connected to the output shaft of the first motor fixedly mounted on the conical pulverizing box, and a first outer cone surface is formed on the upper part of the pulverizing body.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: the screening element comprises a screening frame plate connected to the conical crushing box, a plurality of groups of screening holes are arranged in the middle of the screening frame plate, and a discharge element is connected to the bottom of the screening frame plate;

[0017] Both sides of the screening frame plate are also provided with conducting holes, and the conducting holes are communicated with the discharge port.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention: the driving mechanism comprises two groups of screw rods symmetrically and rotatably mounted on the screening frame plate, the two groups of screw rods are connected by belts, and one group of the screw rods is connected to a second motor arranged on the screening frame plate;

[0019] The screw rod is provided with a threaded driving member threadably connected thereto, and the threaded driving member is connected to the telescopic plate member via a follower plate.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention: the telescopic plate comprises a deflection sleeve rotatably mounted on the follower plate, the interior of the deflection sleeve is a hollow structure, and a telescopic plate is slidably sleeved inside the deflection sleeve, and the telescopic plate is connected to a traction structure arranged on the screening frame plate;

[0021] The follower plate is also provided with an intermediate connecting piece, and the intermediate connecting piece is connected to the deflection sleeve plate.

[0022] As a further solution of the present invention: the traction structure comprises a side plate arranged in the screening frame plate, and the side plate is provided with a guide groove along its length direction;

[0023] The traction structure also includes a second connecting shaft arranged at one end of the telescopic plate away from the deflection sleeve, and the second connecting shaft can slide in the guide groove so that when the deflection sleeve deflects, the end of the telescopic plate away from the deflection sleeve can maintain a fit with the side plate.

[0024] As a further solution of the present invention: the retaining assembly includes an arc groove and a second slide groove arranged on the follower plate, the arc groove is concentric with the rotation axis of the deflection sleeve plate, and the first connecting shaft arranged on the deflection sleeve plate can move in the arc groove;

[0025] An abutment member is slidably installed in the second slide groove, two sets of inclined surfaces are formed on the abutment member, and the abutment member is slidably connected to a transverse shaft arranged in the second slide groove, a columnar spring is sleeved on the transverse shaft, one end of the columnar spring is connected to the side wall of the second slide groove, and the other end is connected to the abutment member;

[0026] The retaining assembly further includes a trigger structure for driving the deflection sleeve to deflect.

[0027] As a further solution of the present invention: the follower plate is further provided with a first slide groove;

[0028] The trigger structure comprises a transverse member slidably mounted in the first slide slot, wherein the transverse member is provided with a transverse slot along its length;

[0029] The trigger structure further comprises a connecting plate fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the deflection sleeve, and a third connecting shaft is arranged at one end of the connecting plate away from the deflection sleeve, and the third connecting shaft can slide in the transverse groove;

[0030] The transverse moving member is also provided with a stopper, and the stopper is adapted to two groups of stopper rods provided on the screening frame plate.

[0031] The crushing and melting method adopts the crushing and melting equipment for plastic granulation pretreatment, comprising the following steps:

[0032] Step 1: Pour the plastic to be processed into the conical crushing box, and use the interaction force between the crushing body and the inner wall of the conical crushing box to squeeze and crush the plastic;

[0033] Step 2: The crushed plastic falls onto the screening element. At this time, the driving mechanism drives the telescopic plate to move and push the plastic particles in a directional manner, so that the plastic particles that meet the predetermined particle size fall into the conveying device through the screening element and are transmitted to the hot melt device;

[0034] Step 3: When the telescopic plate moves to the end of the stroke, the component is kept in motion, so that the telescopic plate deflects in the opposite direction and pushes the plastic particles exceeding the predetermined particle size to the discharge port;

[0035] Step 4: The driving mechanism drives the telescopic plate to move in the opposite direction, and repeats the above step 3.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] By setting the crushing device, when the plastic enters the gap between the inner cone surface and the second outer cone surface and moves downward along the inner cone surface after crushing, it can be crushed multiple times, so that the particle size of the crushed plastic is gradually reduced. On the one hand, this can increase the crushing speed and make the crushed particle size meet the hot melt requirements. On the other hand, it avoids excessive crushing load caused by directly crushing the plastic, thereby improving the crushing quality.

[0038] By setting the driving mechanism and the telescopic plate, after the plastic is crushed and discharged onto the screening frame, the telescopic plate can move along the length direction of the screening frame and push the plastic particles to move, so that the plastic particles can have a forward rolling motion, thereby improving the screening effect. Moreover, since the telescopic plate is in a skewed state, when the telescopic plate moves, the plastic particles with a particle size larger than the predetermined particle size can move along the length direction thereof and accumulate at the end. Then, when the telescopic plate moves to the end of the stroke and deflects in the reverse direction, the plastic particles with a particle size larger than the predetermined particle size can be pushed to the conducting hole, so that the plastic particles with a particle size larger than the predetermined particle size can be removed, thereby avoiding the slow speed during hot melting caused by the excessively large particle size of the plastic particles, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the hot melting device and improving the hot melting effect.

[0039] By setting up the retaining component, the deflection sleeve can have higher stability in the initial state and maintain a stable deflected state, so that the telescopic plate can collect plastic particles with a particle size greater than a predetermined diameter while pushing the plastic particles. When the deflection sleeve moves to the end of the stroke, the cooperation between the stop rod and the stop part can drive the deflection sleeve to deflect in the opposite direction, and quickly switch to the reverse deflection state under the action of the columnar spring, so as to use inertia to push the plastic with a particle size greater than the predetermined diameter into the conducting hole, thereby separating the plastic particles with a particle size greater than the predetermined diameter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a crushing and melting device for plastic granulation pretreatment.

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a crushing device and a screening device in one embodiment of a crushing and melting device for plastic granulation pretreatment.

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a crushing device and a screening device from another angle in one embodiment of a crushing and melting device for plastic granulation pretreatment.

[0043] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a conical crushing box in one embodiment of a crushing and melting device for plastic granulation pretreatment.

[0044] Figure 5A schematic diagram of the structure of a screening device in one embodiment of a crushing and melting device for pretreatment of plastic granulation.

[0045] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of the structure at center.

[0046] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a telescopic plate and a follower plate in an embodiment of a crushing and melting device for pretreatment of plastic granulation.

[0047] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the telescopic plate and the intermediate connecting member in one embodiment of a crushing and melting device for pretreatment of plastic granulation.

[0048] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a telescopic plate in an embodiment of a crushing and melting device for plastic granulation pretreatment.

[0049] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the retaining components in one embodiment of a crushing and melting device for pretreatment of plastic pellets.

[0050] In the figure: 1, hot melt device; 2, conveying device; 3, conical crushing box; 301, inner cone; 4, first motor; 5, crushing body; 501, first outer cone; 502, second outer cone; 6, discharge member; 7, screening frame plate; 8, conduction hole; 9, discharge port; 10, second motor; 11, screw rod; 12, threaded driving member; 13, belt; 14, follower plate; 1401, first slide groove; 1402, arc groove; 1403, second slide groove; 15, intermediate connecting member; 16, deflection sleeve; 1601, first connecting shaft; 17, telescopic plate; 1701, second connecting shaft; 18, side plate; 1801, guide groove; 19, connecting plate; 20, third connecting shaft; 21, transverse member; 2101, transverse groove; 22, stopper; 23, stopper rod; 24, abutment member; 2401, inclined surface; 25, transverse axis; 26, cylindrical spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] In addition, when an element in the present invention is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only embodiment.

[0053] See also Figures 1 to 10 In the embodiment of the present invention, the crushing and melting equipment for plastic granulation pretreatment is used for primary processing of plastic, including a crushing device, a screening device, a conveying device 2 and a hot melting device 1, the crushing device includes a conical crushing box 3, a crushing body 5 is rotatably installed in the conical crushing box 3, the crushing body 5 cooperates with the conical crushing box 3 to extrude and crush the plastic, specifically, the conical crushing box 3 is provided with an inner cone 301;

[0054] The pulverizing body 5 is provided with a plurality of groups of second outer conical surfaces 502, and the gaps between the plurality of groups of second outer conical surfaces 502 and the inner conical surface 301 decrease from top to bottom;

[0055] The pulverizing body 5 is connected to the output shaft of the first motor 4 fixedly mounted on the conical pulverizing box 3 , and a first outer cone surface 501 is formed on the upper portion of the pulverizing body 5 .

[0056] When in use, the plastic to be processed is poured into the conical crushing box 3. At this time, under the action of the first outer cone 501, the plastic can enter the gap between the inner cone 301 and the second outer cone 502, so that the mutual extrusion between the two is utilized to crush the plastic. When the plastic is placed in the conical crushing box 3, the plastic can follow the first outer cone 501 to make a circular motion, and the plastic can move evenly toward the gap between the inner cone 301 and the second outer cone 502 under the action of gravity and centrifugal force. During the crushing process, the gap between the inner cone 301 and the second outer cone 502 is filled more evenly, thereby improving the crushing effect and speed.

[0057] Furthermore, since the gaps between the multiple groups of second outer cones 502 and the inner cone 301 decrease from top to bottom, when the plastic enters the gap between the uppermost second outer cone 502 and the inner cone 301, coarse crushing can be achieved, and then the coarsely crushed plastic can enter the gap between the lower second outer cone 502 and the inner cone 301 for further fine crushing. That is, when the plastic enters the gap between the inner cone 301 and the second outer cone 502 and moves downward along the inner cone 301 after crushing, it can be crushed multiple times, so that the particle size of the crushed plastic is gradually reduced. On the one hand, this can increase the crushing speed so that the crushed particle size meets the hot melt requirements. On the other hand, it can avoid excessive crushing load caused by directly crushing the plastic, thereby improving the crushing quality.

[0058] See also Figure 5 The screening device comprises: a screening element, a driving mechanism and a retaining assembly.

[0059] The screening element is arranged at the lower part of the conical crushing box 3, and the screening element is provided with a discharge port 9 for discharging plastic particles exceeding a predetermined particle size;

[0060] The screening element comprises a screening frame plate 7 connected to the conical crushing box 3, a plurality of groups of screening holes are arranged in the middle of the screening frame plate 7, and a discharge element 6 is connected to the bottom of the screening frame plate 7;

[0061] Both sides of the screening frame plate 7 are further provided with conducting holes 8 , and the conducting holes 8 are connected with the discharge port 9 .

[0062] When in use, the crushed plastic particles fall to the middle position of the screening frame plate 7. At this time, the plastic particles that meet the requirements can enter the discharge member 6 through the sieve holes. At the same time, the driving mechanism will also start and drive the plastic particles to move in a directional manner, so that the plastic particles with a particle size larger than the predetermined particle size are pushed to the conducting hole 8 and then enter the discharge port 9, so as to screen out the plastic particles that do not meet the particle size requirements, thereby avoiding the slow speed during hot melting due to the large particle size of the plastic particles, which has the effect of reducing the energy consumption of the hot melting device 1 and improving the hot melting effect.

[0063] See also Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , the driving mechanism is arranged on the screening element, the driving mechanism can push the plastic particles on the screening element in a directional manner, and the driving mechanism is provided with two groups of deflectable telescopic plates;

[0064] The driving mechanism comprises two groups of screw rods 11 symmetrically and rotatably mounted on the screening frame plate 7, the two groups of screw rods 11 are connected by a belt 13, and one group of the screw rods 11 is connected to a second motor 10 arranged on the screening frame plate 7;

[0065] The screw rod 11 is provided with a threaded driving member 12 threadably connected thereto, and the threaded driving member 12 is connected to the telescopic plate member via a follower plate 14 .

[0066] When in use, the two groups of telescopic plates are in a skewed state. Specifically, one end of the telescopic plate away from its rotation center is located at the rear of its movement direction, so that when the second motor 10 is working, the telescopic plate can be driven to move through the screw rod 11, the threaded drive member 12 and the follower plate 14, and the telescopic plate can push the plastic particles in the middle of the screening frame plate 7 to move toward the guide hole 8, so that the plastic particles can be screened in the rolling process, thereby improving the screening effect. Since the telescopic plate is in a skewed state, the plastic particles accumulated on the screening frame plate 7 and having a particle size greater than the predetermined particle size move along the length direction of the telescopic plate, and finally accumulate at the end of the telescopic plate away from its rotation center, so that when the telescopic plate moves to the end of the stroke and deflects in the opposite direction, the plastic particles with a particle size greater than the predetermined particle size can be pushed to the guide hole 8, and the plastic particles with a particle size greater than the predetermined particle size can be removed.

[0067] Through the above arrangement, after the plastic is crushed and discharged onto the screening frame plate 7, the telescopic plate can move along the length direction of the screening frame plate 7 and push the plastic particles to move, so that the plastic particles can have a forward rolling motion, thereby improving the screening effect. Moreover, since the telescopic plate is in a skewed state, when the telescopic plate moves, the plastic particles with a particle size larger than the predetermined particle size can move along its length direction and accumulate at the end. Then, when the telescopic plate moves to the end of the stroke and deflects in the reverse direction, the plastic particles with a particle size larger than the predetermined particle size can be pushed to the through hole 8, so as to remove the plastic particles with a particle size larger than the predetermined particle size, thereby avoiding the slow speed during hot melting caused by the excessively large particle size of the plastic particles. This has the effect of reducing the energy consumption of the hot melting device 1 while improving the hot melting effect.

[0068] See also Figure 7 to Figure 9 The telescopic plate member includes a deflection sleeve 16 rotatably mounted on the follower plate 14, the interior of the deflection sleeve 16 is a hollow structure, and a telescopic plate 17 is slidably sleeved inside the deflection sleeve 16, and the telescopic plate 17 is connected to the traction structure arranged on the screening frame plate 7;

[0069] The follower plate 14 is also provided with an intermediate connecting piece 15, and the intermediate connecting piece 15 is connected to the deflection sleeve plate 16;

[0070] The traction structure comprises a side plate 18 arranged in the screening frame plate 7, and the side plate 18 is provided with a guide groove 1801 along its length direction;

[0071] The traction structure also includes a second connecting shaft 1701 arranged at one end of the telescopic plate 17 away from the deflection sleeve 16, and the second connecting shaft 1701 can slide in the guide groove 1801, so that when the deflection sleeve 16 deflects, the end of the telescopic plate 17 away from the deflection sleeve 16 can maintain a fit with the side plate 18.

[0072] When in use, the position of the telescopic plate 17 relative to the deflection sleeve 16 is adjustable, and a second connecting shaft 1701 is provided on the upper part of the end of the telescopic plate 17 away from the deflection sleeve 16, and the second connecting shaft 1701 can be slidably connected with the guide groove 1801, so that the end of the telescopic plate 17 away from the deflection sleeve 16 can always maintain an abutment state with the side plate 18, so that after the plastic particles with a particle size larger than the predetermined particle size move to the end of the telescopic plate 17, the telescopic plate 17 and the side plate 18 can cooperate to push the plastic particles of this part, thereby preventing the plastic particles with a particle size larger than the predetermined particle size from remaining on the screening frame plate 7, causing part of the sieve holes to be blocked, thereby reducing the screening speed.

[0073] See also Figure 7 to Figure 10 , the holding assembly is connected to the telescopic plate, the holding assembly can keep the telescopic plate in a deflected state, and when the telescopic plate moves to the end of the stroke, the telescopic plate is deflected in the reverse direction;

[0074] The retaining assembly includes an arc groove 1402 and a second slide groove 1403 provided on the follower plate 14, the arc groove 1402 is concentric with the rotation axis of the deflection sleeve 16, and the first connecting shaft 1601 provided on the deflection sleeve 16 can move in the arc groove 1402;

[0075] An abutment member 24 is slidably installed in the second slide groove 1403, and two groups of inclined surfaces 2401 are formed on the abutment member 24. The abutment member 24 is slidably connected to a horizontal axis 25 set in the second slide groove 1403. A columnar spring 26 is sleeved on the horizontal axis 25. One end of the columnar spring 26 is connected to the side wall of the second slide groove 1403, and the other end is connected to the abutment member 24.

[0076] In the initial state, the cylindrical spring 26 is in a compressed state. At this time, the abutment 24 has a tendency to move toward the first connecting shaft 1601, and the first connecting shaft 1601 can slide in the arc groove 1402, so that the first connecting shaft 1601 can abut against one of the inclined surfaces 2401 and the end of the arc groove 1402 at the same time, so that in this state, the deflection sleeve 16 can have higher stability.

[0077] When the deflection sleeve 16 moves to the end of the stroke, the trigger structure can drive the deflection sleeve 16 to actively deflect. At this time, the first connecting shaft 1601 can move along the arc groove 1402 and the inclined surface 2401, so that the cylindrical spring 26 is further compressed. An outer protrusion is formed between the two inclined surfaces 2401. When the first connecting shaft 1601 moves through the middle part of the arc groove 1402 and the outer protrusion, the cylindrical spring 26 will actively release the elastic potential energy and move on the other inclined surface 2 401 drives the first connecting shaft 1601 to move rapidly along the arc groove 1402 to the end of the arc groove 1402, thereby accelerating the movement of plastic particles with a particle size greater than a predetermined particle size accumulated between the telescopic plate 17 and the side plate 18. After the first connecting shaft 1601 moves to the end of the arc groove 1402, the deflection sleeve 16 and the telescopic plate 17 will stop moving immediately. At this time, the plastic particles continue to move under the action of inertia, and can move the conducting hole 8 into the discharge port 9.

[0078] The cross section of the intermediate connecting member 15 is rhombus-shaped, and when the deflection sleeve 16 is in a deflected state, the side of the deflection sleeve 16 can be coplanar with the side of the intermediate connecting member 15, thereby more conveniently guiding the movement of the plastic particles.

[0079] See also Figure 6 to Figure 10 The retaining assembly further includes a trigger structure for driving the deflection sleeve 16 to deflect, and a first slide groove 1401 is further provided on the follower plate 14;

[0080] The trigger structure includes a transverse member 21 slidably mounted in the first slide slot 1401, and the transverse member 21 is provided with a transverse slot 2101 along its length;

[0081] The trigger structure further includes a connecting plate 19 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the deflection sleeve 16, and a third connecting shaft 20 is provided at one end of the connecting plate 19 away from the deflection sleeve 16, and the third connecting shaft 20 can slide in the transverse groove 2101;

[0082] The transverse moving member 21 is also provided with a stopper 22 , and the stopper 22 is adapted to two groups of stopper rods 23 provided on the screening frame plate 7 .

[0083] When the follower plate 14 moves to the end of the stroke, the stop part 22 can abut against the stop rod 23, and the stop part 22 and the transverse member 21 can remain stationary while the follower plate 14 continues to move. At this time, the deflection of the deflection sleeve 16 can be achieved through the cooperation of the third connecting shaft 20 and the transverse groove 2101. At the same time, the two groups of third connecting shafts 20 respectively connected to the two groups of deflection sleeves 16 are both in the transverse groove 2101, so that the two groups of deflection sleeves 16 can move synchronously during the deflection process, thereby improving the consistency of their movements and allowing the plastic particles on the two groups of telescopic plates 17 to be discharged synchronously.

[0084] Through the above arrangement, in the initial state, the deflection sleeve 16 can have higher stability and maintain a stable deflected state, so that the plastic particles can be pushed while the telescopic plate 17 can collect the plastic particles with a particle size greater than the predetermined diameter. When the deflection sleeve 16 moves to the end of the stroke, the cooperation between the stop rod 23 and the stop part 22 can drive the deflection sleeve 16 to deflect in the opposite direction, and quickly switch to the reverse deflection state under the action of the columnar spring 26, so as to use inertia to push the plastic with a particle size greater than the predetermined diameter into the conducting hole 8, so as to separate the plastic particles with a particle size greater than the predetermined diameter.

[0085] The crushing and melting method adopts the crushing and melting equipment for plastic granulation pretreatment, comprising the following steps:

[0086] Step 1: pour the plastic to be processed into the conical crushing box 3, and use the interaction force between the crushing body 5 and the inner wall of the conical crushing box 3 to squeeze and crush the plastic;

[0087] Step 2: The crushed plastic falls onto the screening element, and the driving mechanism drives the telescopic plate to move, and pushes the plastic particles in a directional manner, so that the plastic particles that meet the predetermined particle size fall into the conveying device 2 through the screening element, and are transmitted to the hot melt device 1;

[0088] Step 3: When the telescopic plate moves to the end of the stroke, the component is kept in motion, so that the telescopic plate deflects in the opposite direction and pushes the plastic particles exceeding the predetermined particle size to the discharge port 9;

[0089] Step 4: The driving mechanism drives the telescopic plate to move in the opposite direction, and repeats the above step 3.

[0090] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0091] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A crushing and melting device for plastic granulation pretreatment, used for primary processing of plastics, comprising a crushing device, a screening device, a conveying device (2) and a hot melting device (1), characterized in that: The pulverizing device comprises: A conical crushing box (3), wherein a crushing body (5) is rotatably mounted inside the conical crushing box (3), and the crushing body (5) cooperates with the conical crushing box (3) to extrude and crush plastics; The screening device comprises: A screening element is arranged at the lower part of the conical crushing box (3), and the screening element is provided with a discharge port (9) for discharging plastic particles exceeding a predetermined particle size; A driving mechanism, arranged on the screening element, the driving mechanism can push the plastic particles on the screening element in a directional manner, and the driving mechanism is provided with two groups of deflectable telescopic plates; A retaining assembly is connected to the telescopic plate, and the retaining assembly can keep the telescopic plate in a deflected state, and when the telescopic plate moves to the end of the stroke, the telescopic plate is deflected in the reverse direction.

2. The crushing and melting equipment for plastic granulation pretreatment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The conical crushing box (3) is provided with an inner conical surface (301); The pulverizing body (5) is provided with a plurality of groups of second outer conical surfaces (502), and the gaps between the plurality of groups of second outer conical surfaces (502) and the inner conical surface (301) decrease in sequence from top to bottom.

3. The crushing and melting equipment for plastic granulation pretreatment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pulverizing body (5) is connected to the output shaft of a first motor (4) fixedly mounted on the conical pulverizing box (3), and a first outer conical surface (501) is formed on the upper part of the pulverizing body (5).

4. The crushing and melting equipment for plastic granulation pretreatment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The screening element comprises a screening frame plate (7) connected to the conical crushing box (3), a plurality of groups of screening holes are arranged in the middle of the screening frame plate (7), and a discharge element (6) is connected to the bottom of the screening frame plate (7); Both sides of the screening frame plate (7) are also provided with conducting holes (8), and the conducting holes (8) are connected with the discharge port (9).

5. The crushing and melting equipment for plastic granulation pretreatment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises two groups of screw rods (11) symmetrically and rotatably mounted on the screening frame plate (7), the two groups of screw rods (11) being connected via a belt (13), and one group of the screw rods (11) being connected to a second motor (10) arranged on the screening frame plate (7); The screw rod (11) is provided with a threaded driving member (12) threadably connected thereto, and the threaded driving member (12) is connected to the telescopic plate member via a follower plate (14).

6. The crushing and melting equipment for plastic granulation pretreatment according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The telescopic plate member comprises a deflection sleeve plate (16) rotatably mounted on the follower plate (14), the interior of the deflection sleeve plate (16) is a hollow structure, and a telescopic plate (17) is slidably sleeved inside the deflection sleeve plate (16), and the telescopic plate (17) is connected to a traction structure arranged on the screening frame plate (7); The follower plate (14) is also provided with an intermediate connecting piece (15), and the intermediate connecting piece (15) is connected to the deflection sleeve plate (16).

7. The crushing and melting equipment for plastic granulation pretreatment according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The traction structure comprises a side plate (18) arranged inside the screening frame plate (7), and the side plate (18) is provided with a guide groove (1801) along its length direction; The traction structure further comprises a second connecting shaft (1701) arranged at one end of the telescopic plate (17) away from the deflection sleeve (16), and the second connecting shaft (1701) is capable of sliding in the guide groove (1801), so that when the deflection sleeve (16) is deflected, the end of the telescopic plate (17) away from the deflection sleeve (16) can maintain a fit state with the side plate (18).

8. The crushing and melting equipment for plastic granulation pretreatment according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The retaining assembly comprises a circular arc groove (1402) and a second sliding groove (1403) arranged on the follower plate (14); the circular arc groove (1402) is concentric with the rotation axis of the deflection sleeve (16), and the first connecting shaft (1601) arranged on the deflection sleeve (16) can move in the circular arc groove (1402); A contact member (24) is slidably installed in the second slide groove (1403), and two groups of inclined surfaces (2401) are formed on the contact member (24), and the contact member (24) is slidably connected with a transverse shaft (25) arranged in the second slide groove (1403), and a columnar spring (26) is sleeved on the transverse shaft (25), and one end of the columnar spring (26) is connected to the side wall of the second slide groove (1403), and the other end is connected to the contact member (24); The retaining assembly further comprises a trigger structure for driving the deflection sleeve (16) to deflect.

9. The crushing and melting equipment for plastic granulation pretreatment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The follower plate (14) is also provided with a first sliding groove (1401); The trigger structure comprises a transverse moving member (21) slidably mounted in the first sliding groove (1401), and the transverse moving member (21) is provided with a transverse groove (2101) along its length; The trigger structure further comprises a connecting plate (19) fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the deflection sleeve (16); a third connecting shaft (20) is provided at one end of the connecting plate (19) away from the deflection sleeve (16); and the third connecting shaft (20) is capable of sliding in the transverse groove (2101); The transverse moving member (21) is also provided with a stopper (22), and the stopper (22) is adapted to two groups of stopper rods (23) provided on the screening frame plate (7).

10. A pulverizing and melting method, characterized in that: The crushing and melting equipment for plastic granulation pretreatment according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: Step 1: pouring the plastic to be processed into the conical crushing box (3), and utilizing the interaction force between the crushing body (5) and the inner wall of the conical crushing box (3) to squeeze and crush the plastic; Step 2: The crushed plastic falls onto the screening element, and the driving mechanism drives the telescopic plate to move, thereby directional pushing the plastic particles, so that the plastic particles meeting the predetermined particle size fall into the conveying device (2) through the screening element, and are then transferred to the hot melt device (1); Step 3: When the telescopic plate moves to the end of the stroke, the component is kept in motion, so that the telescopic plate deflects in the opposite direction and pushes the plastic particles exceeding the predetermined particle size to the discharge port (9); Step 4: The driving mechanism drives the telescopic plate to move in the opposite direction, and repeats the above step 3.

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