Full-bag type diaphragm compensator for fluid loop of spacecraft

Abstract

The invention discloses a full-capsule diaphragm compensator for a fluid loop of a spacecraft. The full-capsule diaphragm compensator comprises a storage box body, a capsule, a pressure sensor, an end cover, a filling pipe and a cushion cap, wherein a port of the storage box body is connected with the end cover; a space defined by the storage box body and the end cover is a compensator inner cavity, and the compensator inner cavity comprises a gas cavity and a liquid cavity; the capsule is arranged in the inner cavity, the outer wall of the capsule is attached to the cavity wall on one side of the inner cavity, and the opening end of the capsule is connected with the end cover; a filling pipe is arranged in the capsule, one end of the filling pipe is connected with the mounting boss of the end cover, and the other end of the filling pipe is in contact with the bottom of the capsule through a cushion cap; the pressure sensor is arranged at the other end of the storage box body, a pressure sensing connector of the pressure sensor is communicated with the air cavity, and the pressure sensor monitors the pressure of the air cavity of the compensator in real time. The invention has the advantages of high reliability, high extrusion efficiency, light weight and reusability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of spacecraft fluid circuit compensators, and in particular relates to a full-bladder diaphragm compensator for a spacecraft fluid circuit. Background Art

[0002] The space fluid circuit is the main means of active temperature control for space stations, satellites and other spacecraft. It is mainly pumped by a mechanical pump to pump the heat-conducting working fluid in the circuit to transfer the heat to the heat dissipation device and radiate it into space. The compensator in the circuit mainly absorbs the pressure fluctuation of the fluid circuit and compensates for the leakage of the working fluid in the circuit, which is of great significance for the stable operation of the fluid circuit. When the temperature changes, the circuit pressure fluctuation caused by the thermal expansion and contraction of the working fluid can be absorbed by the fluid circuit or the working fluid can be output to the circuit. At the same time, the circuit pressure drop caused by the reduction of the working fluid due to long-term leakage of the circuit in the sealing part can be avoided.

[0003] Compensators can be divided into spring type, heavy hammer type and gas type according to the loading method. According to the spacecraft mission requirements, the deformation elements that isolate the liquid cavity in the compensator mainly include metal bellows compensators and bladder compensators. Considering the zero-gravity space environment and the variability of the spacecraft's attitude, the limited expansion and contraction of the spring itself and its insensitivity to pressure changes, the compensators in the space thermal control fluid loop currently mostly use gas-type metal bellows compensators. The gas and liquid cavities are separated by bellows welded with metal diaphragms. The closed cavity formed by the bellows and the compensator shell contains an inert gas with a certain pressure. The pressure balance state on both sides of the closed gas cavity and the fluid circuit is achieved through the axial stretching and compression deformation of the bellows.

[0004] However, metal bellows compensators have limitations such as heavy weight, many welds (poor reliability), and poor reusability, which restrict the development of active thermal control fluid circuits for reusable spacecraft. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by the present invention is: to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a full-bladder diaphragm compensator for a spacecraft fluid circuit, which has the functions of real-time liquid level measurement and replacement and reuse, and has the advantages of high reliability, high extrusion efficiency, light weight and reusability.

[0006] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A full-bladder diaphragm compensator for a spacecraft fluid circuit, comprising: a tank body, a capsule, a pressure sensor, an end cover, a filling pipe and a gasket; wherein the port of the tank body is connected to the end cover; the space enclosed by the tank body and the end cover is the compensator inner cavity, and the compensator inner cavity includes an air cavity and a liquid cavity; the capsule is arranged in the compensator inner cavity, the outer wall of the capsule is in contact with the cavity wall on one side of the compensator inner cavity, and the open end of the capsule is connected to the end cover; the capsule divides the compensator inner cavity into an air cavity and a liquid cavity; the filling pipe is arranged inside the capsule, one end of the filling pipe is connected to the mounting boss of the end cover, and the other end of the filling pipe is in contact with the bottom of the capsule through the gasket; the pressure sensor is arranged at the other end of the tank body, the pressure sensing interface of the pressure sensor is connected to the air cavity, and the pressure sensor monitors the compensator air cavity pressure in real time.

[0007] The above-mentioned full-bladder diaphragm compensator for the spacecraft fluid circuit also includes: a double O-ring; wherein the pressure sensor is arranged at the other end of the tank body through the double O-ring.

[0008] The above-mentioned full-bladder diaphragm compensator for a spacecraft fluid circuit further includes: a screw; wherein the pressure sensor is connected to the tank body via the screw.

[0009] In the above-mentioned fully-bladdered diaphragm compensator for the spacecraft fluid circuit, the tank body includes a nozzle head, a partition shell and an inflation cut-off valve assembly; wherein the nozzle head is connected to the partition shell; the partition shell is connected to the inflation cut-off valve assembly; the port of the nozzle head is connected to the end cover; and the pressure sensor is arranged on the inflation cut-off valve assembly.

[0010] In the above-mentioned full-bladder diaphragm compensator for the fluid circuit of a spacecraft, the nozzle head is an elliptical head with a flange; a sealing groove is provided at the flange flange of the nozzle head for cooperating with the end cover to compress the bladder flange to form a static seal; a plurality of bolt holes are arranged circumferentially on the flange of the nozzle head for connection with the end cover by bolts.

[0011] In the above-mentioned full-bladder diaphragm compensator for the spacecraft fluid circuit, the partition shell includes a cylindrical section and a second elliptical head; wherein, one end of the cylindrical section is connected to the nozzle head, and the other end of the cylindrical section is connected to the second elliptical head, and the second elliptical head is arranged in the inner cavity of the compensator; a hemispherical pit cooperating with the gasket is arranged at the center position of the second elliptical head; a plurality of small holes are provided in the second elliptical head except the part of the hemispherical pit; a plurality of grooves are provided on the inner wall of the cylindrical section, and the bottom of each groove is connected to at least two small holes opened in the second elliptical head.

[0012] In the above-mentioned fully bagged diaphragm compensator for the fluid circuit of a spacecraft, the inflation cut-off valve assembly includes a spherical surface of a middle pit, an inflation valve and a second cylindrical section; wherein one end of the second cylindrical section is connected to the other end of the cylindrical section, and the other end of the second cylindrical section is connected to the spherical surface of the middle pit; the inflation valve is arranged on the spherical surface of the middle pit; and the pressure sensor is arranged at the middle pit position of the spherical surface of the middle pit.

[0013] In the above-mentioned fully bagged diaphragm compensator for the spacecraft fluid circuit, the inflation valve includes a spring, a valve head, a gasket, a plug and a cap; wherein the gasket is arranged at the opening of the spherical surface of the middle pit; the plug is connected to the opening end of the spherical surface of the middle pit; the valve head is arranged inside the plug; the spring is arranged inside the valve head, and the bottom of the spring is pressed against the gasket; the cap is sleeved on the outer surface of the plug.

[0014] In the above-mentioned full-bladder diaphragm compensator for the spacecraft fluid circuit, the filling pipe is a hollow column structure, and a plurality of radial openings are arranged in the axial direction of the filling pipe.

[0015] In the above-mentioned fully capsuled diaphragm compensator for the spacecraft fluid circuit, the capsule is made of rubber material, and the outer edge of the flanged portion of the capsule is set as an O-ring structure, which is used to cooperate with the tank body and the end cover to form a seal; the inner chamfer R1 of the flanged portion of the capsule is smaller than the end cover chamfer R2, and the outer chamfer R3 is equal to the tank body chamfer R4.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) The present invention uses a partition and a filling pipe as a limit device for the capsule contraction and expansion deformation. A plurality of through holes are arranged on the partition, and a plurality of grooves are arranged in the circumferential direction of the inner side of the liquid chamber shell as gas flow channels, which is conducive to avoiding the formation of a large volume of gas dead space that affects the compensator performance index, making the capsule deformation highly consistent, and avoiding scratches on the capsule by other components, thereby improving the reliability of the diaphragm compensator;

[0018] (2) The present invention adopts a perforated partition as a supporting element, so that the capsule can withstand a relatively large internal pressure, thereby improving the compensator's ability to withstand the high pressure difference between the gas and liquid sides, and making up for the disadvantage of the previous compensator's insufficient pressure difference resistance;

[0019] (3) The compensator air cavity of the present invention is provided with a pressure sensor, which can monitor the compensator air cavity pressure in real time. The working fluid volume of the compensator liquid cavity can be calculated based on the ideal gas state equation, thereby monitoring the working state of the compensator;

[0020] (4) The present invention is provided with a self-locking valve structure for inflation and deflation, and the end cover and the tank body are connected by bolts for easy disassembly. The capsule as the main working element of the compensator can be replaced when the service life is reached, and the metal shell can be reused, which has a reusable function and a very high cost performance;

[0021] (5) The capsule of the present invention is relatively light in weight. Under the condition of the same performance index of the compensator, the weight of the compensator is optimized by more than 2 / 3 compared with the metal bellows compensator used in previous spacecraft, which has a very high weight advantage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Moreover, the same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a full-bladder diaphragm compensator for a spacecraft fluid circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the storage tank structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the partition housing structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] FIG4( a ) is a schematic diagram of the structure of a compensator inflation valve assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] FIG4( b ) is a schematic diagram of the composition of the inflation valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] FIG5( a ) is a schematic cross-sectional view of an end cover provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] FIG5( b ) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the compensator end cover provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the capsule structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a valve head provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a capsule flanging provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the compensator flange seal provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.10 It is another structural schematic diagram of a full-bladder diaphragm compensator for a spacecraft fluid circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided in order to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to be able to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features described in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0036] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a full-bladder diaphragm compensator for a spacecraft fluid circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the full capsule diaphragm compensator for the spacecraft fluid circuit includes: a tank body 1, a capsule 2, a pressure sensor 3, an end cover 4, a filling pipe 6 and a gasket 7. Among them,

[0037] The port of the storage tank body 1 is connected to the end cover 4; the space enclosed by the storage tank body 1 and the end cover 4 is the inner cavity of the compensator, which includes an air cavity and a liquid cavity; the air cavity and the liquid cavity are separated by the capsule 2; the capsule 2 is arranged in the inner cavity, the outer wall of the capsule 2 is in contact with the cavity wall on one side of the inner cavity, and the open end of the capsule 2 is connected to the end cover 4; a filling tube 6 is arranged inside the capsule 2, one end of the filling tube 6 is connected to the mounting boss of the end cover 4, and the other end of the filling tube 6 is in contact with the bottom of the capsule 2 through the gasket 7; the pressure sensor 3 is arranged at the other end of the storage tank body 1, the pressure sensing interface of the pressure sensor 3 is connected to the air cavity, and the pressure sensor 3 monitors the pressure of the compensator air cavity in real time.

[0038] The capsule 2 limits the deformation of the capsule in both the contraction and expansion states through the inner filling pipe 6 and the outer partition to avoid excessive deformation of the capsule. At the same time, it also ensures the consistency of the capsule during multiple expansion and contraction processes to avoid local repeated deformation of the capsule and damage and failure.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the full-bladder diaphragm compensator for the spacecraft fluid circuit also includes: a double O-ring 8; wherein the pressure sensor 3 is arranged at the other end of the tank body 1 through the double O-ring 8.

[0040] The compensator tank body 1 and the end cover 4 are connected with screws and nuts through a flange. The space enclosed by the tank body 1 and the end cover 4 is the inner cavity of the compensator. The inner cavity of the compensator is divided into two chambers, gas and liquid. The side close to the end cover 4 is the compensator liquid chamber. The gas and liquid chambers are isolated by the entire capsule 2 with a flange and a necking structure. The flange at the opening of the capsule 2 is fixed by setting a sealing ring groove at the flange flange of the tank body 1 to cooperate with the end cover 4 and the tank body 1 after the screw connection, and a seal is formed by the O-ring-like structure of the capsule flange. At the same time, the rib plate and chamfer on the inner side of the end cover 4 can compress the flange of the capsule 2 to form another sealing position.

[0041] The inner cavity of the compensator tank body 1 is provided with a partition, one side of the partition is in contact with the bottom of the capsule 2, and the other side is a pure gas cavity. The partition is provided with small holes penetrating both sides of the partition for the flow of gas in the gas cavity.

[0042] A filling pipe 6 is arranged at the center position of the inner side of the compensator capsule 2. The filling pipe 6 is a hollow straight tube with small holes on the tube wall. One end of the filling pipe 6 is installed in cooperation with the mounting boss on the inner side of the end cover 4, and the other end of the filling pipe 6 is in contact with the capsule 2 through the non-metallic gasket 7. The capsule, the non-metallic gasket and the storage tank body partition are arranged as a pit structure at the matching position, which is helpful for positioning the capsule.

[0043] A pressure sensor 3 is arranged on the outside of the compensator tank body 1 at the other side corresponding to the end connected to the end cover 4. The pressure sensor 3 is connected to the tank body 1 by a plunger structure and a double O-ring 8 is used for radial static sealing. The pressure sensor 3 is fixed to the tank body 1 by screws 9. The pressure sensing interface of the pressure sensor 3 is connected to the air cavity of the tank body 1, and the pressure of the compensator air cavity can be monitored in real time. In order to enhance the mechanical resistance of the product, a plurality of ribs are provided between the pressure sensor installation position and the tank body shell to support the pressure sensor installation boss.

[0044] The compensator tank body 1 is provided with an inflation cut-off valve on the other side of the shell corresponding to the end connected to the end cover 4. The valve shares a shell with the tank body. A spring is arranged inside the valve so that the valve has a self-locking function. The valve is closed and sealed in the natural state. The internal valve head of the inflation cut-off valve is pushed open by external tooling to realize the inflation and deflation functions of the compensator air cavity.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the full-bladder diaphragm compensator for the spacecraft fluid circuit also includes: screws 9; wherein the pressure sensor 3 is connected to the tank body 1 through the screws 9.

[0046] like Figure 2As shown, the storage tank body 1 includes a nozzle head 11, a partition shell 12 and an inflation cut-off valve assembly 13; wherein, the nozzle head 11 is connected to the partition shell 12; the partition shell 12 is connected to the inflation cut-off valve assembly 13; the port of the nozzle head 11 is connected to the end cover 4; and the pressure sensor 3 is arranged on the inflation cut-off valve assembly 13.

[0047] The nozzle head 11 is an elliptical head with a flange; a sealing groove is provided at the flange of the nozzle head 11 for cooperating with the end cover to compress the capsule flange to form a static seal; a plurality of bolt holes are arranged circumferentially on the flange of the nozzle head 11 for connecting with the end cover by bolts.

[0048] like Figure 3 As shown, the partition shell 12 includes a cylindrical section and a second elliptical head; wherein, one end of the cylindrical section is connected to the nozzle head 11, and the other end of the cylindrical section is connected to the second elliptical head, the second elliptical head is arranged in the inner cavity of the compensator, and part of the capsule 2 is fitted with the second elliptical head; a hemispherical pit matching the gasket 7 is arranged at the center of the second elliptical head; a plurality of small holes are opened in the second elliptical head except for the hemispherical pit; a plurality of grooves are opened on the inner wall of the cylindrical section, and the bottom of each groove is connected to at least two small holes opened in the second elliptical head.

[0049] The side wall of the partition shell 12 is evenly arranged with 6 grooves along the inner wall of the shell in the circumferential direction. The groove width is 0.5-1 mm and is connected to the 1-1.5 mm opening at the bottom of the partition shell, which is used as a gas flow channel to avoid the formation of a large dead space between the outer side of the capsule and the inner side of the compensator tank during the expansion of the capsule, thereby affecting the performance of the compensator.

[0050] As shown in FIG. 4( a ) and FIG. 4( b ), the inflation cut-off valve assembly 13 includes a spherical surface of a middle recess, an inflation valve and a second cylindrical section; wherein,

[0051] One end of the second cylindrical segment is connected to the other end of the cylindrical segment, and the other end of the second cylindrical segment is connected to the spherical surface of the middle pit; the inflation valve is arranged on the spherical surface of the middle pit; the pressure sensor 3 is arranged at the middle pit position of the spherical surface of the middle pit.

[0052] As shown in Figure 4(b), the inflation valve includes a spring 111, a valve head 112, a gasket 113, a plug 114 and a plug cap 115; wherein the gasket 113 is arranged at the opening of the spherical surface of the middle pit; the plug 114 is connected to the opening end of the spherical surface of the middle pit; the valve head 112 is arranged inside the plug 114; the spring 111 is arranged inside the valve head 112, and the bottom of the spring 111 is pressed against the gasket 113; the plug cap 115 is sleeved on the outer surface of the plug 114.

[0053] The filling pipe 6 is a hollow column structure, and a plurality of radial openings are arranged in the axial direction of the filling pipe 6 .

[0054] The capsule 2 is made of rubber material, and the outer edge of the flanged portion of the capsule 2 is set as an O-ring structure, which is used to cooperate with the storage box body 1 and the end cover 4 to form a seal; the inner chamfer R1 of the flanged portion of the capsule 2 is smaller than the end cover chamfer R2, and the outer chamfer R3 is equal to the storage box body chamfer R4.

[0055] The full capsule is used as the gas-liquid cavity separation component and the main deformation component of the full capsule diaphragm compensator. The overall shape of the compensator is a cylindrical structure. The overall structural diagram is shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 As shown, it mainly includes a storage tank body 1, a capsule 2, a pressure sensor 3, an end cover 4, a bolt 5, a filling pipe 6, a gasket 7, a sealing ring 8, and a screw 9.

[0056] The compensator tank body 1 is formed by welding the nozzle head 11, the partition shell 12 and the inflation cut-off valve assembly 13 in series. The nozzle head 11 is an elliptical head with a flange. The flange flange is provided with a sealing groove for cooperating with the end cover to compress the capsule flange to form a static seal. The flange is circumferentially arranged with multiple bolt holes for connecting with the end cover by bolts. The main body of the partition shell 12 is a cylindrical shell. One side of the cylindrical section is an elliptical head. The center of the elliptical head is provided with a hemispherical pit that is installed in cooperation with the filling pipe 6 and the gasket 7. The pit and the elliptical head have a smooth transition. The area between the pit and the shell on the elliptical head is provided with multiple through holes for the inflow and outflow of gas on both sides of the partition. Multiple narrow grooves are arranged in the circumferential direction of the inner side of the cylindrical shell wall. The bottom of the groove is a circular arc transition and is connected with at least two openings on the partition to avoid the formation of a large volume of gas dead space in the cylindrical section that affects the working performance of the compensator. One side of the inflation cut-off valve assembly 13 is a spherical surface with a middle pit, and one side is an opening connected to the partition shell 12. A one-way valve structure for inflating and deflating the compensator air cavity is arranged on the spherical surface. The valve shell and the assembly are an integrated structure. Before the inflation cut-off valve assembly 13 is welded to the partition shell 12, the spring 111, valve head 112, gasket 113, O-ring 116 and other parts inside the valve are installed. A sealed plug 114, O-ring 117, O-ring 118 and plug cap 115 are arranged on the outside of the valve; the plane at the bottom of the middle pit of the inflation cut-off valve assembly 13 is arranged with screw holes and openings that penetrate the inner cavity for connection and fixation with the pressure sensor 3. Considering weight optimization and improving the product's mechanical resistance, the inner cavity is arranged with a plurality of reinforcing ribs at the screw hole position, and the reinforcing ribs are still connected to the inflation cut-off valve assembly 13 shell through a rib plate, and the two ends of the rib plate have a smooth transition with the shell to avoid stress concentration. Figure 7 shown.

[0057] like Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9As shown, the compensator capsule 2 is made of non-metallic rubber. The outer size of the capsule 2 except the flanged portion is consistent with the inner wall size of the liquid chamber side of the storage tank body 1, so that the capsule fits tightly with the storage tank body under internal pressure. The outer edge of the flanged portion of the capsule 2 is set as an O-ring structure, which is used to cooperate with the storage tank body 1 and the end cover 4 to form a seal; the chamfer of the flanged portion is set so that the inner side R1 of the capsule is smaller than the chamfer R2 of the end cover, and the outer side chamfer R3 is equal to the chamfer R4 of the storage tank body. After the end cover and the storage tank body are connected by bolts, a second seal can be formed in the circumferential direction.

[0058] One end of the pressure sensor 3 is a plunger structure with a flange. The flange is provided with multiple screw holes for fixing with the tank body 1 by screws. The plunger is provided with two annular sealing grooves for arranging O-rings to form two seals with the tank body 1. The other end of the pressure sensor 3 is provided with an electrical connector for supplying power to the pressure sensor 3 and outputting a pressure signal.

[0059] As shown in Figures 5(a) and 5(b), the compensator end cover 5 is a disc structure with a liquid cavity outlet interface in the middle, a bolt hole for bolt 5 connection is arranged on the outside, and a rib plate in the plane and circumferential direction is arranged on the inside to cooperate with the tank body to compress the capsule. The outer side and chamfered part of the rib plate are used to compress the chamfered part of the capsule flange to form a second seal. A stepped hollow column for connecting and fixing with the filling pipe is arranged at the center position of the inner side of the end cover 5. A plurality of openings connected to the liquid cavity outlet are arranged in the circumferential direction of the hollow column and in the area between the hollow column and the rib plate for the inflow and discharge of the liquid cavity working medium.

[0060] The compensator filling pipe 6 is a hollow column structure, and has a plurality of radial openings arranged along the axial direction as flow channels for the liquid chamber working fluid. The openings are denser on the side close to the liquid chamber mouth and sparser on the side close to the partition. This is beneficial for when the liquid chamber working fluid flows into the compensator, the flow rate on the side close to the interface is higher than that on the side close to the partition. The gas between the outside of the capsule and the storage tank body can flow from the interface side to the partition side, which is beneficial for avoiding the formation of a large volume of gas dead space.

[0061] The compensator gasket 7 is made of non-metallic material, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, one side of which is a hemispherical surface that fits the capsule pit, and the other side is a groove connected to the filling pipe, which is used for connection transition to avoid damage to the capsule by the filling pipe.

[0062] like Figure 1As shown, the perforated partition in the storage tank body 1 divides the inner cavity of the storage tank body 1 into two parts, and the capsule 2 is installed near the side of the nozzle head. The capsule 2 fits with the inner side of the metal shell or has a small gap in the free state. The O-ring at the flange of the capsule 2 is assembled to the sealing groove of the flange of the nozzle head of the storage tank body. A filling pipe 6 and a gasket 7 are arranged at the center of the inner cavity of the capsule 2. The end cover 4 is connected and fixed to the storage tank body 1 by bolts 5. After the bolts 5 are tightened, the capsule flange can be compressed to form two static seals, and the filling pipe 6 of the inner cavity of the capsule 2 can also be limited.

[0063] The seal at the flange of the capsule has three sealing effects: preventing leakage between the air cavity and the outside, between the liquid cavity and the outside, and between the air cavity and the liquid cavity. A pressure sensor 3 is installed on one side of the inflation cut-off valve assembly by screws. The plunger at one end of the pressure sensor 3 realizes the function of sealing and contacting the gas in the air cavity, and the electrical connector at the other end is used for power supply of the pressure sensor and output of a voltage signal reflecting the pressure signal.

[0064] like Fig.10 As shown, the end cover 4, the filling pipe 6, the gasket 7, the capsule 2 and the tank body 1 are connected along the axis of the compensator. The end cover 4 and the tank body 1 are connected by bolts to form a closed dimensional chain, and the constraint relationship is as follows:

[0065] ABD-(1-x 1 %)×E<C<ABD-(1-x 2 %) × E

[0066] Among them, A is the axial distance from the bottom center of the hemispherical pit in the inner cavity of the tank to the plane of the flange matching the end cover, B is the axial distance from the plane of the end cover flange to the plane matching the filling pipe, C is the axial length of the filling pipe, D is the axial distance from the plane matching the gasket and the filling pipe to the center of the sphere, E is the wall thickness of the capsule at the hemispherical pit, x 1 % and x 2 % are the lower and upper limits of the allowable compression ratio of the capsule, which can be achieved by adjusting the axial length E of the filling pipe.

[0067] Effect: Through this formula, ① it can avoid local damage to the capsule during assembly and operation due to excessive capsule compression ratio, which will affect the life of the compensator; ② it can avoid the filling pipe and capsule being in an unfixed state due to too small capsule compression ratio, the filling pipe will vibrate in a mechanical environment, and one end of the capsule will be scratched during operation, which may easily cause damage to parts and capsules and the risk of excess materials.

[0068] The space enclosed by the capsule 2 and the end cap 4 is a liquid cavity, which is connected to the fluid circuit through the interface of the end cap 4. The space enclosed by the outer side of the capsule 2 and the inner side of the storage tank 1 is the compensator air cavity, which is a closed cavity. When the gas filling volume of the compensator air cavity is constant, R (gas constant) and n (the number of gas molecules per unit volume) have the following constraint relationship:

[0069]

[0070] Among them, P 1 V is the air cavity inflation pressure when the capsule is in free state (the outer side of the capsule fits the inner side of the container), 1 T is the volume of the air cavity in the free state of the capsule, 1 is the charge temperature, V h is the volume of the liquid cavity of the capsule in the free state, P 2 V is the output pressure of the air cavity pressure sensor in a certain state during use. 2 is the volume of the air cavity in this state, T 2 is the air cavity temperature in this state, V l It is the remaining volume of the capsule liquid cavity in this state.

[0071] Effect: Through this formula, ① the working performance of the compensator can be estimated, and the diameter and length of the storage tank and the capsule can be adjusted to adjust the volume of the gas and liquid chambers, so that within the system demand pressure range, the volume of the working fluid extruded and inhaled by the compensator meets the requirements; ② combined with the calibration test, the compensator gas cavity pressure sensor can be used to monitor the gas cavity pressure in real time, thereby determining the remaining working fluid volume in the liquid cavity and realizing real-time monitoring of the working status.

[0072] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, after the full capsule diaphragm compensator is assembled, the inside of the compensator shell is divided into two parts: a liquid cavity and an air cavity. The liquid cavity is the space enclosed by the inner side of the capsule 2 and the inner side of the end cover 4, and the liquid cavity is connected to the fluid circuit installed in the compensator; the air cavity is the inner cavity enclosed by the outer side of the capsule and the metal shell, and the air cavity is pre-filled with an inert gas with a certain pressure through a one-way valve.

[0073] When the working fluid pressure in the liquid cavity is greater than or equal to the gas pressure in the air cavity, the capsule 2 fits against the inner side of the storage box 1, and the gas in the air cavity is concentrated in the inner cavity surrounded by the partition and the inflation valve assembly. When the air cavity is inflated, the gas and liquid cavities can be inflated at the same time to ensure that the liquid cavity pressure is greater than the gas cavity pressure at all stages. After the liquid cavity gas is inflated to a specified pressure, the gas in the liquid cavity is released to control the inflation volume of the gas cavity.

[0074] The compensator realizes the connection between the compensator liquid chamber and the fluid circuit through the interface on the end cover. When the working fluid in the fluid circuit expands due to heat and the pressure rises to a value greater than the compensator air chamber pressure, the working fluid flows into the inner cavity of the filling pipe through the interface of the end cover, and enters the compensator liquid chamber through the opening of the filling pipe. The compensator capsule expands, and the gas outside the capsule is squeezed into the compensator air chamber through the groove on the inner side of the storage tank body 1 and the small holes passing through the perforated partition. The gas in the air chamber is compressed, and the indication of the air chamber pressure sensor increases until the pressure balance on both sides of the capsule reaches a new stable state, thereby avoiding excessive pressure in the fluid circuit. When the fluid circuit contracts due to temperature drop or the working fluid in the circuit leaks, causing the pressure to drop below the compensator air chamber pressure, the gas in the air chamber passes through the small holes passing through the partition shell, pushing the compensator capsule to contract, and the working fluid in the compensator liquid chamber enters the inner cavity of the filling pipe through the openings of the filling pipe and the end cover, and then flows into the fluid circuit through the interface of the end cover to replenish the circuit working fluid, thereby avoiding circuit failure caused by too low circuit pressure, such as pump cavitation.

[0075] The moving element of the compensator during operation is the capsule 2, and the storage tank body 1 is the pressure-bearing element. When the liquid cavity pressure is not greater than the air cavity pressure, due to the small stiffness of the capsule, the pressure on both sides of the capsule is almost the same, the capsule is not under pressure, and the gas on both sides of the partition shell can flow without being under pressure; when the liquid cavity pressure is higher than the air cavity pressure, the pressure difference is mainly borne by the partition shell, the nozzle head and the end cover, and the axial groove of the partition shell is narrow, with a width and depth of 0.5 to 1 mm. The openings on the elliptical head of the partition shell are all small holes with a diameter of about 1 mm, which avoids excessive deformation of the capsule and damage caused by the pressure difference.

[0076] During the operation of the compensator, it can automatically start according to the pressure changes of the connected circuit, inhale or extrude the working fluid, stabilize the circuit pressure, and compensate for the leakage of the circuit working fluid. The air cavity pressure sensor monitors the whole process in real time, and the working status of the compensator can be monitored in real time.

[0077] The present invention is used for the active thermal control fluid circuit of spacecraft, can absorb the circuit pressure fluctuation and compensate for the leakage of working fluid in the circuit, has the function of real-time liquid level measurement and replacement and reuse, and has the characteristics of high reliability, high extrusion efficiency, light weight, and reusability. The present invention adopts partitions and filling pipes as limit devices for the contraction and expansion deformation of the capsule. A plurality of through holes are arranged on the partition, and a plurality of grooves are arranged in the circumferential direction of the inner side of the liquid chamber shell as gas flow channels, which is beneficial to avoid the formation of a large volume of gas dead cavity that affects the performance indicators of the compensator, so that the deformation of the capsule has a high degree of consistency, and avoids scratches on the capsule by other components, thereby improving the reliability of the diaphragm compensator; the present invention adopts a perforated partition as a supporting element, the capsule can withstand a large internal pressure, and the ability of the compensator to withstand the high pressure difference between the gas and liquid sides is improved, which makes up for the shortcomings of the previous compensator's insufficient pressure difference resistance; the compensator air cavity of the present invention is arranged with pressure The sensor can monitor the compensator air cavity pressure in real time, and the working fluid volume of the compensator liquid cavity can be calculated according to the ideal gas state equation, so as to monitor the working state of the compensator; the present invention is arranged with a self-locking valve structure for charging and discharging gas, and the end cover and the tank body are connected by bolts for easy disassembly; the capsule as the main working element of the compensator can be replaced when the service life is reached, and the metal shell can be reused, with reusable function and extremely high cost performance; the capsule of the present invention is relatively light in weight. Under the condition of the same performance indicators of the compensator, the weight of the compensator is optimized by more than 2 / 3 compared with the metal bellows compensator used in previous spacecraft, and it has an extremely high weight advantage.

[0078] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in the form of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may make possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A full-bladder diaphragm compensator for a spacecraft fluid circuit, characterized in that include: A storage tank body (1), a capsule (2), a pressure sensor (3), an end cover (4), a filling pipe (6) and a gasket (7); wherein: The port of the storage tank body (1) is connected to the end cover (4); The space enclosed by the tank body (1) and the end cover (4) is the inner cavity of the compensator; The capsule (2) is arranged in the inner cavity of the compensator, the outer wall of the capsule (2) is in contact with the cavity wall of one side of the inner cavity of the compensator, and the open end of the capsule (2) is connected to the end cover (4); the capsule (2) divides the inner cavity of the compensator into an air cavity and a liquid cavity; The capsule (2) is provided with a filling pipe (6), one end of the filling pipe (6) is connected to the mounting boss of the end cover (4), and the other end of the filling pipe (6) is in contact with the bottom of the capsule (2) through the gasket (7); The pressure sensor (3) is arranged at the other end of the storage tank body (1), the pressure sensing interface of the pressure sensor (3) is connected to the air cavity, and the pressure sensor (3) monitors the pressure of the compensator air cavity in real time.

2. The full-bladder diaphragm compensator for a spacecraft fluid circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that It also includes: a double O-ring (8); wherein, The pressure sensor (3) is arranged at the other end of the tank body (1) via the double O-ring (8).

3. The full-bladder diaphragm compensator for a spacecraft fluid circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that Also includes: Screw (9); wherein the pressure sensor (3) is connected to the tank body (1) via the screw (9).

4. The full-bladder diaphragm compensator for a spacecraft fluid circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The storage tank body (1) comprises a nozzle cover (11), a partition shell (12) and an inflation cut-off valve assembly (13); wherein: The nozzle cover (11) is connected to the partition shell (12); The partition shell (12) is connected to the inflation cut-off valve assembly (13); The port of the nozzle cover (11) is connected to the end cover (4); The pressure sensor (3) is arranged on the inflation cut-off valve assembly (13).

5. The full-bladder diaphragm compensator for a spacecraft fluid circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The nozzle seal head (11) is an elliptical seal head with a flange; The flange flange of the nozzle sealing head (11) is provided with a sealing groove for cooperating with the end cover to compress the capsule flange to form a static seal; A plurality of bolt holes are arranged circumferentially on the flange of the nozzle cover (11) for connection with the end cover by bolts.

6. The full-bladder diaphragm compensator for a spacecraft fluid circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The partition shell (12) comprises a cylindrical section and a second elliptical head; wherein, One end of the cylindrical section is connected to the nozzle seal (11), and the other end of the cylindrical section is connected to the second elliptical seal, which is arranged in the inner cavity of the compensator; A hemispherical concave pit matching with the gasket cap (7) is arranged at the center of the second elliptical head; The second elliptical head is provided with a plurality of small holes except for the hemispherical pit; The inner wall of the cylindrical section is provided with a plurality of grooves, and the bottom of each groove is communicated with at least two small holes provided in the second elliptical head.

7. The full-bladder diaphragm compensator for a spacecraft fluid circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inflation cut-off valve assembly (13) comprises a spherical surface of a middle recess, an inflation valve and a second cylindrical section; wherein: One end of the second cylindrical segment is connected to the other end of the cylindrical segment, and the other end of the second cylindrical segment is connected to the spherical surface of the middle pit; The inflation valve is arranged on the spherical surface of the middle pit; The pressure sensor (3) is arranged at the middle pit position of the spherical surface of the middle pit.

8. The full-bladder diaphragm compensator for a spacecraft fluid circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inflation valve comprises a spring (111), a valve head (112), a gasket (113), a plug (114) and a plug cap (115); wherein: The gasket (113) is arranged at the opening of the spherical surface of the middle pit; The plug (114) is connected to the open end of the spherical surface of the middle pit; The valve head (112) is arranged inside the plug (114); The spring (111) is arranged inside the valve head (112), and the bottom of the spring (111) is pressed against the gasket (113); The plugging cap (115) is sleeved on the outer surface of the plug (114).

9. The full-bladder diaphragm compensator for a spacecraft fluid circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filling pipe (6) is a hollow column structure, and a plurality of radial openings are arranged in the axial direction of the filling pipe (6).

10. The full-bladder diaphragm compensator for a spacecraft fluid circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capsule (2) is made of rubber material, and the outer edge of the flanged portion of the capsule (2) is provided with an O-ring structure for cooperating with the storage tank body (1) and the end cover (4) to form a seal; the inner chamfer R1 of the flanged portion of the capsule (2) is smaller than the end cover chamfer R2, and the outer chamfer R3 is equal to the storage tank body chamfer R4.

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