Organic compound fertilizer for preventing and treating diseases and insect pests of spring rape and preparation method of organic compound fertilizer

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agricultural fertilizers, in particular to an organic compound fertilizer for preventing and treating diseases and insect pests of spring rapes and a preparation method of the organic compound fertilizer. Diversified raw material compositions in the organic compound fertilizer for preventing and treating the diseases and insect pests of the spring rapes provide rich and comprehensive nutritional ingredients; the fertilizer can supply major elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium for growth of spring rapes, meets the requirements of the spring rapes for nutrients in different growth stages, prevents various soil-borne diseases, reduces the morbidity of the spring rapes through multiple insect killing and preventing mechanisms, reduces yield reduction loss caused by diseases and insect pests, and improves the yield of the spring rapes. In addition, a good soil environment can be created, the release period of fertilizer nutrients is prolonged, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is increased, various negative effects caused by large-scale use of traditional chemical pesticides are reduced, the utilization rate of effective components in the organic compound fertilizer is increased to the maximum extent, the photosynthesis of the spring rape is promoted, and the yield and quality of the spring rape are improved; wide application prospects are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of agricultural fertilizers, and in particular to an organic composite fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Spring rapeseed is an important oil crop and occupies a key position in agricultural production. It has a wide planting range and plays an indispensable role in ensuring the supply of oil. However, during its growth process, spring rapeseed is frequently threatened by a variety of diseases and pests.

[0003] Sclerotinia is one of the most common and harmful diseases of spring rapeseed. Its pathogen can quickly infect the stems, leaves, flowers and other parts of rapeseed under suitable conditions, causing rapeseed tissue rot, affecting the normal growth and development of the plant, and even causing the death of the entire plant in severe cases, resulting in large-scale yield reduction. Downy mildew also often wreaks havoc during the growth period of spring rapeseed, forming yellow spots and mold layers on the leaves, hindering photosynthesis, weakening the growth potential of the plant, and significantly reducing the yield and content of rapeseed. Aphids, as the main pests of spring rapeseed, not only directly suck the juice of rapeseed, causing the leaves to curl and turn yellow, and growth to be stunted, but also can spread a variety of viral diseases, further aggravating the harm to rapeseed.

[0004] For a long time, chemical pesticides have been in a dominant position in the prevention and control of spring rapeseed pests and diseases. Chemical pesticides can indeed quickly and effectively control the spread of pests and diseases in the early stage, and to a certain extent ensure the quality of rapeseed. However, as time goes by, its disadvantages have become increasingly prominent. The large-scale and long-term use of chemical pesticides has made the problem of pesticide residues more serious. These residual substances will adhere to rapeseed and the surrounding environment. After entering the food chain, they pose a potential threat to human health, such as decreased human immunity, damage to the nervous system, and increased risk of diseases such as cancer. At the same time, the widespread use of chemical pesticides has caused extremely serious damage to the ecological environment, polluted soil, water sources and air, destroyed the ecological balance, and affected biodiversity. Many beneficial organisms such as bees, ladybugs and other insects and microbial communities in the soil have sharply decreased in number due to the toxic effects of chemical pesticides, which in turn affects the stability and function of the entire ecosystem. In addition, pests gradually develop resistance to chemical pesticides during long-term exposure, which greatly reduces the control effect of chemical pesticides. In order to achieve the desired control purposes, farmers often have to increase the dosage and frequency of pesticide use, thus falling into a vicious circle and further aggravating environmental pollution and agricultural product quality and safety issues.

[0005] At the same time, most of the existing fertilizer products focus on meeting the needs of spring rapeseed for major nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium during its growth to promote plant growth and development. Although these fertilizers can increase rapeseed yields to a certain extent, they have little effect on the prevention and control of pests and diseases. This has led to the need to use fertilizers and pesticides separately to manage the growth and prevention of pests and diseases in actual production, which not only increases production costs and labor intensity, but also because it is difficult to accurately coordinate the time and method of using pesticides and fertilizers, it is easy to lose sight of one thing while focusing on the other, and it is impossible to achieve efficient, green and sustainable development of spring rapeseed cultivation.

[0006] Therefore, according to the above-mentioned related technologies, it is urgent to develop an organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to propose an organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed diseases and insect pests and a preparation method thereof, so as to provide an innovative product that can not only fully meet the comprehensive demand for nutrients in all stages of spring rapeseed growth, but also effectively prevent and control the occurrence and harm of various diseases and insect pests, thereby reducing dependence on chemical pesticides, reducing environmental pollution risks, ensuring the quality and safety of agricultural products, and improving the economic and ecological benefits of spring rapeseed cultivation.

[0008] Based on the above purpose, the present invention provides an organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases and a preparation method thereof.

[0009] An organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling diseases and insect pests of spring rapeseed, comprising the following raw materials by weight: 30-50 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 15-25 parts of plant residues, 10-20 parts of plant ash, 9-15 parts of mineral fertilizers, 10-15 parts of Chinese medicine residues, 3-8 parts of microbial agents, 0.5-1.5 parts of plant essential oils, 8-16 parts of plant insect repellent powder, 2-5 parts of chelated trace elements, 0.8-2.5 parts of plant-derived insect repellents, and 2-4 parts of additives; The additive is obtained by mixing lignin nanoparticles and ethyl methacrylate polymer in a mass ratio of 0.8-1.5:1.2-2.5.

[0010] Preferably, the preparation process of the lignin nanoparticles is as follows: Step A1. Add wood powder and composite solvent into an autoclave reactor, heat at 210-220°C for 2-2.5h, extract with dichloromethane at 30-40°C for 30-40min, collect the obtained extract by rotary evaporation, and dry to obtain lignin powder; Step A2. The bark powder and the composite solvent are placed in a three-necked flask, heated at 48-53° C. for 2-2.5 hours, filtered to obtain a tannin-rich liquid, and then the acetone is removed by evaporation, and deionized water is added to precipitate insoluble tannins, and then centrifuged and freeze-dried to obtain tannin powder; Step A3. dissolving lignin oligomers and tannins in a composite solvent, placing the mixture in an ultrasonic bath, adding deionized water using a constant flow pump, and collecting composite nanoparticles by centrifugation and freeze drying; The volume ratio of deionized water to acetone in the composite solvent is 28-33:68-73; The usage ratio of the wood powder, the composite solvent and the dichloromethane in step A1 is 2.8-3.5 g: 47-55 mL: 75-80 mL; The bark powder, the composite solvent and the deionized water in step A2 are used in a ratio of 4.8-5.2 g: 47-55 mL: 75-80 mL; The mass ratio of the lignin oligomer, tannin, composite solvent and deionized water in step A3 is 1-1.5 g: 1.2-1.7 g: 10-15 mL: 25-28 mL.

[0011] Preferably, the preparation process of the ethyl methacrylate polymer is as follows: Step B1. Tetrahydrofuran and triethylamine were dissolved in pentaerythritol at 0°C, 2-bromo-2-methylacryloyl bromide was added dropwise thereto, and the reaction was quenched with methanol after stirring at room temperature for 22-24 hours. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the resulting product was recrystallized to obtain material B; Step B2. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, material B and ethyl 2-(dimethylamino)methacrylate were dissolved in tetrahydrofuran, and cuprous bromide and N,N,N,N,N-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine were added. The mixture was sealed and reacted in an oil bath at 58-60°C for 7 hours. After the reaction, the tetrahydrofuran was removed by cooling and purified to obtain an ethyl methacrylate polymer. The usage ratio of tetrahydrofuran, triethylamine, pentaerythritol and 2-bromo-2-methylacryloyl bromide in step B1 is 18-22 mL: 110-112 mg: 24-26 mg: 250-255 mg; The usage ratio of material B, 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate, tetrahydrofuran, cuprous bromide and N,N,N,N,N-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine in step B2 is 38-42 mg: 2-2.5 g: 6-10 mL: 43-49 mg: 105-115 mg.

[0012] Preferably, the livestock and poultry manure is any one of fully decomposed cow manure, sheep manure, pig manure and chicken manure; The plant residue is any one of soybean meal, rapeseed meal, cottonseed meal, peanut meal and sesame meal.

[0013] Preferably, the wood ash is any one of wheat straw ash, rice straw ash and corn straw ash; The mineral fertilizer is obtained by mixing phosphate rock powder, potassium feldspar powder, borax, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate and limestone powder in a mass ratio of 10-30:15-35:0.5-2:1-3:5-15:20-40.

[0014] Preferably, the Chinese medicine residue is any one or more of Astragalus residue, Arisaema residue, Sophora flavescens residue, Herba Pilosulae residue, Phellodendron chinense residue and Fructus Trichosanthis residue; The microbial agent is obtained by mixing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus megaterium, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride in a mass ratio of 20-30:20-30:15-25:10-20:10-20.

[0015] Preferably, the plant essential oil is any one of azadirachtin essential oil, peppermint essential oil, garlic essential oil, clove essential oil, lavender essential oil, thyme essential oil and rosemary essential oil.

[0016] Preferably, the plant-based insect-proof powder is any one of pyrethrum powder, tobacco powder, neem powder, neem bark powder, derris powder, garlic powder, onion powder and mugwort powder; The chelated trace element is any one of chelated iron, chelated zinc, chelated manganese and chelated copper.

[0017] Preferably, the plant-derived insect repellent is any one of neem extract, pyrethrum extract, tobacco extract, chinaberry extract and derris vine extract.

[0018] A method for preparing an organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases comprises the following steps: Step S1. Mixing raw materials: first, evenly mix livestock and poultry manure, plant residues, wood ash, mineral fertilizers and Chinese medicine residues, then add microbial agents and additives, and finally add plant essential oils, plant insect repellent powder, chelated trace elements and plant-based insect repellents to obtain a mixture; Step S2. Granulation: Granulate the mixed material to obtain fertilizer granules Step S3. Drying: Dry the fertilizer particles at 40-60° C. to reduce the moisture content to 10%-15%, thereby obtaining an organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases.

[0019] Preferably, the process of mixing the raw materials in step S1 is as follows: Step S101. After collecting fresh livestock and poultry manure, spread it in a well-ventilated area with relatively less direct sunlight, and stir it regularly to reduce its moisture content to 20%-30%. Pour 30-50 portions of the treated livestock and poultry manure into a large mixing and stirring equipment at a stirring speed of 120-150 rpm; Step S102. The plant residue is crushed by a hammer mill to a particle size of 0.5-2 mm. Such a particle size helps it to better contact and react with other substances during subsequent fermentation and fertilizer use. The crushed plant residue is added to a mixing and stirring device that is stirring livestock and poultry manure in an amount of 15-25 parts. During the stirring process, since the plant residue is relatively light in texture and may have certain fibrous properties, it is stirred at a speed of 120-150 rpm for 10-15 minutes to ensure that it is evenly mixed with the livestock and poultry manure to avoid local agglomeration, thereby obtaining a mixture 1; Step S103. Screen the wood ash to remove the large impurities that are not completely burned. The screen mesh is 20-40 mesh to ensure that the texture of the wood ash is fine. Take 10-20 parts of the wood ash and add it to the mixture 1 to obtain the mixture 2. Step S104. Grind the mineral fertilizer to make it into a fine powder with a particle size of 0.1-1 mm, which is conducive to uniform distribution in the fertilizer. Take 9-15 parts of the mineral fertilizer and add it to the mixture 2. Since the density of the mineral fertilizer is relatively large, it may settle at the bottom during stirring. Therefore, a circulating stirring method is adopted at a speed of 120-150 rpm for 8-12 minutes to ensure that it is evenly distributed in the entire mixing field, and obtain the mixture 3; Step S105. Dry the Chinese medicine residue at 40-50°C to reduce its moisture content to 10%-15%. The dried Chinese medicine residue is crushed to a particle size of 0.5-2 mm and added to the mixture 3 in an amount of 10-15 parts. The Chinese medicine residue contains a variety of organic components and active substances with antibacterial and anthelmintic effects. During the mixing process, it should be fully stirred to make it fully contact with other raw materials. Stir at a speed of 120-150rpm for 10-15min to ensure that it is evenly distributed in the mixture to obtain a mixture 4; Step S106. Add 3-8 portions of the microbial agent to the mixture 4, reduce the stirring speed to 60-75 rpm, and stir for 5-8 minutes to prevent the high-speed stirring from damaging the microorganisms and ensure that the microbial agent is evenly distributed in the material to obtain a mixture 5; Step S107. Dispersing lignin nanoparticles in a polyvinyl pyrrolidone solution with a concentration of 0.5%-1%, ultrasonically dispersing for 10-15 minutes, and obtaining dispersion 1; dispersing ethyl methacrylate polymer in ethanol, ultrasonically dispersing for 15-20 minutes, and obtaining dispersion 2 with a concentration of 20%-25%; mixing lignin nanoparticles and ethyl methacrylate polymer in a mass ratio of 0.8-1.5:1.2-2.5 to obtain an additive; and then adding the additive to a mixture 5, stirring at a speed of 60-75 rpm for 8-10 minutes to uniformly disperse the additive in the material. The additive can improve the nutrient release characteristics of the fertilizer and enhance the stability of the fertilizer, and obtaining a mixture 6; Step S108. 0.5-1.5 parts of plant essential oil are added dropwise to 8-16 parts of plant insect repellent powder, and stirred at the same time, so that the plant essential oil is adsorbed by the plant insect repellent powder, and the plant insect repellent powder adsorbed with the plant essential oil is added to the mixture 6, and stirred at a speed of 60-75 rpm for 5-8 minutes to ensure that it is evenly distributed and avoid excessive loss of the plant essential oil by volatilization, to obtain a mixture 7; Step S109. Spray the chelated trace elements into the mixture 7, and stir at a speed of 60-75 rpm for 6-8 min to evenly distribute the chelated trace elements in the system to prevent excessive local concentration from causing toxic effects on plants, thereby obtaining a mixture 8; Step S110. Add the botanical insect repellent to the mixture 8, and stir at a rotation speed of 60-75 rpm for 5-7 minutes to ensure that the botanical insect repellent can be evenly dispersed in the system to obtain an organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases.

[0020] Preferably, the preparation process of the chelated iron is as follows: Dissolve ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate in distilled water respectively, pour the dissolved ferrous sulfate heptahydrate into the disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate solution, stir continuously, and use sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value of the mixture to 5-6, wherein the molar ratio of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate to disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate is 1:1. Preferably, the preparation process of the chelated zinc is as follows: Dissolve zinc sulfate heptahydrate and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate in distilled water respectively, pour the dissolved zinc sulfate heptahydrate into the disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate solution, stir continuously, and use sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value of the mixed solution to 5-6, wherein the molar ratio of zinc sulfate heptahydrate to disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate is 1:1.

[0021] Preferably, the preparation process of the chelated manganese is as follows: Dissolve manganese chloride tetrahydrate and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate in distilled water respectively, pour the dissolved manganese chloride tetrahydrate into the disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate solution, stir continuously, and use sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value of the mixed solution to 5-6, wherein the molar ratio of manganese chloride tetrahydrate to disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate is 1:1.

[0022] Preferably, the preparation process of the chelated copper is as follows: Dissolve copper sulfate pentahydrate and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate in distilled water respectively, pour the dissolved copper sulfate pentahydrate into the disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate solution, stir continuously, and use sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value of the mixed solution to 5-6, wherein the molar ratio of copper sulfate pentahydrate to disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate is 1:1.

[0023] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The diversified raw material composition in the organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling diseases and insect pests of spring rape provided by the present invention provides rich and comprehensive nutrients, can directly supply nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other macroelements for the growth of spring rape, meet its nutrient requirements at different growth stages, promote the vigorous growth of spring rape, increase the plumpness of rapeseed, and improve the yield and quality of spring rape.

[0024] The organic compound fertilizer for spring rapeseed pests and diseases provided by the present invention can also effectively prevent a variety of soil-borne diseases, and through multiple insecticide and insect control mechanisms, reduce the incidence of spring rapeseed, reduce production losses caused by diseases and pests, and improve soil structure, creating a good soil environment for the growth of spring rapeseed roots. In addition, the compound use of additives can extend the release cycle of fertilizer nutrients, improve fertilizer utilization, reduce various negative effects caused by the large-scale use of traditional chemical pesticides, and maximize the utilization of effective ingredients in the organic compound fertilizer, while taking into account the significant effect of promoting photosynthesis of spring rapeseed, and has broad application prospects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0026] Embodiment 1: A method for preparing an organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases, comprising the following steps: S1. After collecting fresh cow dung, spread it in a well-ventilated place with relatively less direct sunlight, stir it regularly to reduce its moisture content to 20%, and pour the treated cow dung into a large mixing equipment according to 30 parts of the dosage, with a stirring speed of 120rpm; S2. The soybean meal was crushed by a hammer mill to a particle size of 0.5 mm. Such a particle size helps it to better contact and react with other substances during subsequent fermentation and fertilizer use. The crushed soybean meal was added to a mixing and stirring device that was stirring cow dung in an amount of 15 g. During the stirring process, since the soybean meal was relatively light in texture and may have a certain fibrous nature, it was stirred at a speed of 120 rpm for 10 min to ensure that it was evenly mixed with the cow dung to avoid local agglomeration, and a mixture 1 was obtained; S3. The wheat straw ash was sieved to remove large impurities which were not completely burned. The sieve mesh was 20 mesh to ensure that the texture of the wheat straw ash was fine. 10g of wheat straw ash was added to the mixture 1 to obtain a mixture 2; S4. 10 g of phosphate rock powder, 15 g of feldspar powder, 0.5 g of borax, 1 g of zinc sulfate, 5 g of magnesium sulfate and 20 g of limestone powder were mixed to obtain a mineral fertilizer; S5. Grind the mineral fertilizer to make it into a fine powder with a particle size of 0.1 mm, which is conducive to uniform distribution in the fertilizer. Take 9g of the mineral fertilizer and add it to the mixture 2. Since the density of the mineral fertilizer is relatively large, it may settle at the bottom during stirring. Therefore, a circulating stirring method is adopted at a speed of 120rpm for 8min to ensure that it is evenly distributed in the entire mixing field, and a mixture 3 is obtained; S6. The Astragalus residue was dried and dried at 40 ° C to reduce its moisture content to 10%. The dried Astragalus residue was crushed to a particle size of 0.5 mm and added to a mixture of 10 g in an amount of 3. The Chinese medicine residue contains a variety of organic components and active substances with antibacterial and anthelmintic effects. During the mixing process, it should be fully stirred to fully contact with other raw materials, and stirred at a speed of 120 rpm for 10 min to ensure that it is evenly distributed in the mixture to obtain a mixture of 4; S7. 20 g of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 20 g of Bacillus licheniformis, 15 g of Bacillus megaterium, 10 g of Trichoderma harzianum and 10 g of Trichoderma viride were mixed to obtain a microbial agent; S8. Add 3 g of the microbial agent to the mixture 4, reduce the stirring speed to 60 rpm, and stir for 5 min to prevent damage to the microorganisms by high-speed stirring, and ensure that the microbial agent is evenly distributed in the material to obtain a mixture 5; S9. Mix 28 mL of deionized water and 68 mL of acetone to obtain a composite solvent; S10. 2.8 g of wood powder and 47 mL of the composite solvent were added to an autoclave reactor, heated at 210 ° C for 2 h, extracted with 75 mL of dichloromethane at 30 ° C for 30 min, and then the obtained extract was collected by rotary evaporation and dried to obtain lignin powder; S11. 4.8 g of bark powder and 47 mL of the composite solvent were placed in a three-necked flask, heated at 48° C. for 2 h, filtered to obtain a tannin-rich liquid, and then acetone was removed by evaporation, and 75 mL of deionized water was added to precipitate insoluble tannins, and then centrifuged and freeze-dried to obtain tannin powder; S12. 1 g of lignin oligomers and 1.2 g of tannin were dissolved in 10 mL of the composite solvent, and then placed in an ultrasonic tank, and 25 mL of deionized water was added using a constant flow pump, and the composite nanoparticles were collected by centrifugation and freeze drying; S13. 18 mL of tetrahydrofuran and 110 mg of triethylamine were dissolved in 24 mg of pentaerythritol at 0°C, 250 mg of 2-bromo-2-methylacryloyl bromide was added dropwise thereto, the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 22 h, and then methanol was used to quench the reaction. After the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, the obtained product was recrystallized to obtain material B; S14. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 38 mg of material B and 2 g of ethyl 2-(dimethylamino)methacrylate were dissolved in 6 mL of tetrahydrofuran, and 43 mg of cuprous bromide and 105 mg of N,N,N,N,N-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine were added. The mixture was sealed and reacted in an oil bath at 58°C for 7 h. After the reaction was completed, the tetrahydrofuran was removed by cooling and purified to obtain an ethyl methacrylate polymer; S15. The lignin nanoparticles were dispersed in a polyvinyl pyrrolidone solution with a concentration of 0.5%, and ultrasonically dispersed for 10 minutes to obtain a dispersion 1. The ethyl methacrylate polymer was dispersed in ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed for 15 minutes to obtain a concentration of 20% to obtain a dispersion 2. The lignin nanoparticles and the ethyl methacrylate polymer were mixed at a mass ratio of 0.8:1.2 to obtain an additive, and the additive was added to the mixture 5, and stirred at a speed of 60 rpm for 8 minutes to uniformly disperse the additive in the system. The additive can improve the nutrient release characteristics of the fertilizer and enhance the stability of the fertilizer to obtain a mixture 6; S16. 0.5 g of azadirachtin essential oil was added dropwise to 8 g of pyrethrum powder while stirring to allow the azadirachtin essential oil to be adsorbed by the pyrethrum powder. The pyrethrum powder adsorbed with azadirachtin essential oil was added to the mixture 6 and stirred at a speed of 60 rpm for 5 min to ensure uniform distribution and avoid excessive loss of azadirachtin essential oil by volatilization to obtain a mixture 7; S17. Dissolve ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate in distilled water, pour the dissolved ferrous sulfate heptahydrate into the disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate solution, stir continuously, and adjust the pH value of the mixture to 6 using sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the molar ratio of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate to disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate is 1:1, to obtain chelated iron; S18. The chelated iron was sprayed into the mixture 7 and stirred at 60 rpm for 6 min to uniformly distribute the chelated iron in the system to prevent local high concentrations from toxic to plants to obtain a mixture 8; S19. Add the neem extract to the mixture 8 and stir at a speed of 60 rpm for 5 minutes to ensure that the neem extract can be evenly dispersed in the system to obtain an organic compound fertilizer for controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases.

[0027] Embodiment 2: A method for preparing an organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases, comprising the following steps: S1. After collecting fresh sheep manure, spread it in a well-ventilated place with relatively less direct sunlight, and stir it regularly to reduce its moisture content to 22%. The treated sheep manure was poured into a large mixing and stirring equipment in an amount of 34g at a stirring speed of 126rpm. S2. The rapeseed meal was crushed by a hammer mill to a particle size of 0.8 mm. Such a particle size helps it to better contact and react with other substances during subsequent fermentation and fertilizer use. The crushed rapeseed meal was added to a mixing and stirring device that was stirring sheep manure in an amount of 17 g. During the stirring process, since the rapeseed meal was relatively light in texture and may have a certain fibrous nature, it was stirred at a speed of 126 rpm for 11 min to ensure that it was evenly mixed with the sheep manure to avoid local agglomeration, and a mixture 1 was obtained; S3. The rice straw ash was sieved to remove large impurities which were not completely burned. The sieve mesh was 24 mesh to ensure that the texture of the rice straw ash was fine. 12g of rice straw ash was added to the mixture 1 to obtain a mixture 2; S4. 14g of phosphate rock powder, 19g of feldspar powder, 0.8g of borax, 1.4g of zinc sulfate, 7g of magnesium sulfate and 24g of limestone powder were mixed to obtain a mineral fertilizer; S5. Grind the mineral fertilizer to make it into a fine powder with a particle size of 0.3 mm, which is conducive to uniform distribution in the fertilizer. Take 10.2 g of the mineral fertilizer and add it to the mixture 2. Since the density of the mineral fertilizer is relatively large, it may settle at the bottom during stirring. Therefore, a circulating stirring method is adopted at a speed of 126 rpm for 9 minutes to ensure that it is evenly distributed in the entire mixing field, and a mixture 3 is obtained; S6. The aroid residue was dried and dried at 42 ° C to reduce its moisture content to 11%. The dried aroid residue was crushed to a particle size of 0.8 mm and added to a mixture of 11 g in an amount of 3. The Chinese medicine residue contains a variety of organic components and active substances with antibacterial and anthelmintic effects. During the mixing process, it should be fully stirred to fully contact with other raw materials and stirred at a speed of 126 rpm for 11 min to ensure that it is evenly distributed in the mixture to obtain a mixture of 4; S7. 22g of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 22g of Bacillus licheniformis, 17g of Bacillus megaterium, 12g of Trichoderma harzianum and 12g of Trichoderma viride were mixed to obtain a microbial agent; S8. Add 4 g of the microbial agent to the mixture 4, reduce the stirring speed to 63 rpm, and stir for 6 min to prevent damage to the microorganisms caused by high-speed stirring, and ensure that the microbial agent is evenly distributed in the material to obtain a mixture 5; S9. Mix 29 mL of deionized water and 69 mL of acetone to obtain a composite solvent; S10. 2.9 g of wood powder and 48 mL of the composite solvent were added to an autoclave reactor, heated at 212 ° C for 2.1 h, extracted with 76 mL of dichloromethane at 32 ° C for 32 min, and then the obtained extract was collected by rotary evaporation and dried to obtain lignin powder; S11. 4.9 g of bark powder and 48 mL of the composite solvent were placed in a three-necked flask, heated at 49° C. for 2.1 h, filtered to obtain a tannin-rich liquid, and then acetone was removed by evaporation, and 75-80 mL of deionized water was added to precipitate insoluble tannins, and then centrifuged and freeze-dried to obtain tannin powder; S12. 1.1 g of lignin oligomers and 1.3 g of tannin were dissolved in 11 mL of the composite solvent, and then placed in an ultrasonic bath, and 26 mL of deionized water was added using a constant flow pump, and the composite nanoparticles were collected by centrifugation and freeze drying; S13. 19 mL of tetrahydrofuran and 110.4 mg of triethylamine were dissolved in 24.5 mg of pentaerythritol at 0°C, 251 mg of 2-bromo-2-methylacryloyl bromide was added dropwise thereto, the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 22 h, and then methanol was used to quench the reaction. After the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, the resulting product was recrystallized to obtain material B; S14. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 39 mg of material B and 2.1 g of ethyl 2-(dimethylamino)methacrylate were dissolved in 7 mL of tetrahydrofuran, and 44 mg of cuprous bromide and 107 mg of N,N,N,N,N-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine were added. The mixture was sealed and reacted in an oil bath at 59°C for 7 h. After the reaction was completed, the tetrahydrofuran was removed by cooling and purified to obtain an ethyl methacrylate polymer. S15. The lignin nanoparticles were dispersed in a polyvinyl pyrrolidone solution with a concentration of 0.6%, and ultrasonically dispersed for 11 minutes to obtain a dispersion 1. The ethyl methacrylate polymer was dispersed in ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed for 16 minutes to obtain a dispersion 2 with a concentration of 21%. The lignin nanoparticles and the ethyl methacrylate polymer were mixed in a mass ratio of 0.9:1.3 to obtain an additive, and the additive was added to the mixture 5, and stirred at a speed of 62 rpm for 9 minutes to uniformly disperse the additive in the material. The additive can improve the nutrient release characteristics of the fertilizer and enhance the stability of the fertilizer, and obtain a mixture 6; S16. 0.7 g of peppermint essential oil was added dropwise to 9 g of tobacco powder while stirring to adsorb the peppermint essential oil to the tobacco powder. The tobacco powder adsorbed with peppermint essential oil was added to the mixture 6 and stirred at a speed of 62 rpm for 6 min to ensure uniform distribution and avoid excessive loss of peppermint essential oil by volatilization to obtain a mixture 7. S17. Dissolve zinc sulfate heptahydrate and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate in distilled water, pour the dissolved zinc sulfate heptahydrate into the disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate solution, stir continuously, and adjust the pH value of the mixture to 5 using sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the molar ratio of zinc sulfate heptahydrate to disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate is 1:1, to obtain chelated zinc; S18. The chelated zinc was sprayed into the mixture 7, and stirred at 62 rpm for 7 min to evenly distribute the chelated zinc in the system to prevent local high concentrations from toxic to plants to obtain a mixture 8; S19. Add the pyrethrum extract to the mixture 8, and stir at a rotation speed of 62 rpm for 6 minutes to ensure that the pyrethrum extract can be evenly dispersed in the system to obtain an organic compound fertilizer for controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases.

[0028] Embodiment 3: A method for preparing an organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases, comprising the following steps: S1. After collecting fresh pig manure, spread it in a well-ventilated place with relatively less direct sunlight, and stir it regularly to reduce its moisture content to 24%. The treated pig manure is poured into a large mixing and stirring equipment at an amount of 38g at a stirring speed of 132rpm; S2. The cottonseed meal was crushed by a hammer mill to a particle size of 1.1 mm. Such a particle size helps it to better contact and react with other substances during subsequent fermentation and fertilizer use. The crushed cottonseed meal was added to a mixing and stirring device that was stirring pig manure in an amount of 19 g. During the stirring process, since the cottonseed meal was relatively light in texture and may have a certain fibrous nature, it was stirred at a speed of 132 rpm for 12 minutes to ensure that it was evenly mixed with the pig manure to avoid local agglomeration, and a mixture 1 was obtained; S3 corn straw ash was sieved to remove large impurities which were not completely burned, the sieve mesh was 28 mesh, to ensure the fine texture of corn straw ash, 14g corn straw ash was added to the mixture 1 to obtain a mixture 2; S4. 18g of phosphate rock powder, 23g of feldspar powder, 1.1g of borax, 1.8g of zinc sulfate, 9g of magnesium sulfate and 28g of limestone powder were mixed to obtain a mineral fertilizer; S5. Grind the mineral fertilizer to make it into a fine powder with a particle size of 0.5 mm, which is conducive to uniform distribution in the fertilizer. Take 11.4 g of the mineral fertilizer and add it to the mixture 2. Since the density of the mineral fertilizer is relatively large, it may settle at the bottom during stirring. Therefore, a circulating stirring method is adopted at a speed of 132 rpm for 10 minutes to ensure that it is evenly distributed in the entire mixing field, and a mixture 3 is obtained; S6. Dry the Sophora flavescens residue by drying at 44 ° C to reduce its moisture content to 12%. The dried Sophora flavescens residue was crushed to a particle size of 1.1 mm and added to a mixture of 12 g. The Chinese medicine residue contains a variety of organic components and active substances with antibacterial and anthelmintic effects. During the mixing process, it should be fully stirred to make it fully contact with other raw materials. Stir at a speed of 132 rpm for 12 min to ensure that it is evenly distributed in the mixture to obtain a mixture 4. S7. 24 g of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 24 g of Bacillus licheniformis, 19 g of Bacillus megaterium, 14 g of Trichoderma harzianum and 14 g of Trichoderma viride were mixed to obtain a microbial agent; S8. Add 5 g of the microbial agent to the mixture 4, reduce the stirring speed to 66 rpm, and stir for 7 min to prevent high-speed stirring from damaging the microorganisms and ensure that the microbial agent is evenly distributed in the material to obtain a mixture 5; S9. Mix 30 mL of deionized water and 70 mL of acetone to obtain a composite solvent; S10. 3 g of wood powder and 49 mL of the composite solvent were added to an autoclave reactor, heated at 214 ° C for 2.2 h, extracted with 77 mL of dichloromethane at 34 ° C for 34 min, and then the obtained extract was collected by rotary evaporation and dried to obtain lignin powder; S11. 5 g of bark powder and 49 mL of the composite solvent were placed in a three-necked flask, heated at 50° C. for 2.2 h, filtered to obtain a tannin-rich liquid, and then acetone was removed by evaporation, and 77 mL of deionized water was added to precipitate insoluble tannins, and then centrifuged and freeze-dried to obtain tannin powder; S12. 1.2 g of lignin oligomers and 1.4 g of tannin were dissolved in 12 mL of the composite solvent, and then placed in an ultrasonic tank, and 27 mL of deionized water was added using a constant flow pump, and the composite nanoparticles were collected by centrifugation and freeze drying; S13. 20 mL of tetrahydrofuran and 110.8 mg of triethylamine were dissolved in 24.8 mg of pentaerythritol at 0°C, 252 mg of 2-bromo-2-methylacryloyl bromide was added dropwise thereto, the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 23 h, and then methanol was used to quench the reaction. After the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, the obtained product was recrystallized to obtain material B; S14. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 40 mg of material B and 2.2 g of ethyl 2-(dimethylamino)methacrylate were dissolved in 8 mL of tetrahydrofuran, and 45 mg of cuprous bromide and 109 mg of N,N,N,N,N-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine were added. The mixture was sealed and reacted in an oil bath at 59° C. for 7 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled to remove tetrahydrofuran and purified to obtain an ethyl methacrylate polymer; S15. The lignin nanoparticles were dispersed in a polyvinyl pyrrolidone solution with a concentration of 0.7%, and ultrasonically dispersed for 12 minutes to obtain a dispersion 1. The ethyl methacrylate polymer was dispersed in ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed for 17 minutes to obtain a concentration of 22% to obtain a dispersion 2. The lignin nanoparticles and the ethyl methacrylate polymer were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:1.5 to obtain an additive, and the additive was added to the mixture 5, and stirred at a speed of 66 rpm for 9 minutes to uniformly disperse the additive in the material. The additive can improve the nutrient release characteristics of the fertilizer and enhance the stability of the fertilizer to obtain a mixture 6; S16. 0.9 g of garlic essential oil was added dropwise to 10 g of neem powder while stirring to allow the garlic essential oil to be adsorbed by the neem powder. The neem powder adsorbed with garlic essential oil was added to the mixture 6 and stirred at 64 rpm for 7 min to ensure uniform distribution to avoid excessive loss of garlic essential oil by volatilization to obtain a mixture 7; S17. dissolving manganese chloride tetrahydrate and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate in distilled water respectively, pouring the dissolved manganese chloride tetrahydrate into the disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate solution, stirring continuously, and adjusting the pH value of the mixture to 5 using sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the molar ratio of manganese chloride tetrahydrate to disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate is 1:1, to obtain chelated manganese; S18. The chelated manganese was sprayed into the mixture 7, and stirred at 64 rpm for 7 min to evenly distribute the chelated manganese in the system to prevent local high concentrations from toxic to plants, to obtain a mixture 8; S19. Add the tobacco extract to the mixture 8, and stir at a rotation speed of 64 rpm for 6 minutes to ensure that the tobacco extract can be evenly dispersed in the system to obtain an organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases.

[0029] Embodiment 4: A method for preparing an organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases, comprising the following steps: S1. After collecting fresh chicken manure, spread it in a well-ventilated place with relatively less direct sunlight, and stir it regularly to reduce its moisture content to 26%. The treated chicken manure was poured into a large mixing and stirring equipment in an amount of 42g at a stirring speed of 138rpm. S2. The peanut meal was crushed by a hammer mill to a particle size of 1.4 mm. Such a particle size helps it to better contact and react with other substances during subsequent fermentation and fertilizer use. The crushed peanut meal was added to a mixing and stirring device that was stirring chicken manure in an amount of 21 g. During the stirring process, since the peanut meal was relatively light in texture and may have a certain fibrous nature, it was stirred at a speed of 138 rpm for 13 minutes to ensure that it was evenly mixed with the chicken manure to avoid local agglomeration, and a mixture 1 was obtained; S3. The wheat straw ash was sieved to remove large impurities which were not completely burned. The sieve mesh was 32 meshes to ensure that the texture of the wheat straw ash was fine. 16g of wheat straw ash was added to the mixture 1 to obtain a mixture 2. S4. 22g of phosphate rock powder, 27g of feldspar powder, 1.4g of borax, 2.2g of zinc sulfate, 11g of magnesium sulfate and 32g of limestone powder were mixed to obtain a mineral fertilizer; S5. Grind the mineral fertilizer to make it into a fine powder with a particle size of 0.7 mm, which is conducive to uniform distribution in the fertilizer. Take 12.6 g of the mineral fertilizer and add it to the mixture 2. Since the density of the mineral fertilizer is relatively large, it may settle at the bottom during stirring. Therefore, a circulating stirring method is adopted at a speed of 138 rpm for 11 minutes to ensure that it is evenly distributed in the entire mixing field, and a mixture 3 is obtained; S6. The residue of the herb was dried at 46 ° C to reduce its moisture content to 13%. The dried herb was crushed to a particle size of 1.4 mm and added to the mixture 3 in an amount of 13 g. The herb residue contains a variety of organic components and active substances with antibacterial and anthelmintic effects. During the mixing process, it should be fully stirred to make it fully contact with other raw materials. It was stirred at a speed of 138 rpm for 13 min to ensure that it was evenly distributed in the mixture to obtain a mixture 4; S7. 26 g of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 26 g of Bacillus licheniformis, 21 g of Bacillus megaterium, 16 g of Trichoderma harzianum and 16 g of Trichoderma viride were mixed to obtain a microbial agent; S8. Add 6 g of the microbial agent to the mixture 4, reduce the stirring speed to 69 rpm, and stir for 8 min to prevent damage to the microorganisms caused by high-speed stirring, and ensure that the microbial agent is evenly distributed in the material to obtain a mixture 5; S9. Mix 31 mL of deionized water and 71 mL of acetone to obtain a composite solvent; S10. 3.1 g of wood powder and 50 mL of the composite solvent were added to an autoclave reactor, heated at 216 ° C for 2.3 h, extracted with 78 mL of dichloromethane at 36 ° C for 36 min, and then the obtained extract was collected by rotary evaporation and dried to obtain lignin powder; S11. 5.1 g of bark powder and 50 mL of a composite solvent were placed in a three-necked flask, heated at 51° C. for 2.3 h, filtered to obtain a tannin-rich liquid, and then acetone was removed by evaporation, and 78 mL of deionized water was added to precipitate insoluble tannins, and then centrifuged and freeze-dried to obtain tannin powder; S12. 1.3 g of lignin oligomers and 1.5 g of tannin were dissolved in 13 mL of the composite solvent, and then placed in an ultrasonic tank, and 28 mL of deionized water was added using a constant flow pump, and the composite nanoparticles were collected by centrifugation and freeze drying; S13. 21 mL of tetrahydrofuran and 111.2 mg of triethylamine were dissolved in 25.2 mg of pentaerythritol at 0°C, 253 mg of 2-bromo-2-methylacryloyl bromide was added dropwise thereto, the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 24 h, and then methanol was used to quench the reaction. After the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, the obtained product was recrystallized to obtain material B; S14. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 41 mg of material B and 2.3 g of ethyl 2-(dimethylamino)methacrylate were dissolved in 9 mL of tetrahydrofuran, and 46 mg of cuprous bromide and 111 mg of N,N,N,N,N-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine were added. The mixture was sealed and reacted in an oil bath at 60°C for 7 h. After the reaction was completed, the tetrahydrofuran was removed by cooling and purified to obtain an ethyl methacrylate polymer. S15. The lignin nanoparticles were dispersed in a polyvinyl pyrrolidone solution with a concentration of 0.8%, and ultrasonically dispersed for 13 minutes to obtain a dispersion 1. The ethyl methacrylate polymer was dispersed in ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed for 18 minutes to obtain a concentration of 23% to obtain a dispersion 2. The lignin nanoparticles and the ethyl methacrylate polymer were mixed at a mass ratio of 1.1:1.5 to obtain an additive, and the additive was added to the mixture 5, and stirred at a speed of 67 rpm for 9 minutes to uniformly disperse the additive in the material. The additive can improve the nutrient release characteristics of the fertilizer and enhance the stability of the fertilizer to obtain a mixture 6; S16. 0.9 g of clove essential oil was added dropwise to 11 g of neem bark powder while stirring so that the clove essential oil was adsorbed by the neem bark powder, and the neem bark powder adsorbed with clove essential oil was added to the mixture 6 and stirred at a speed of 67 rpm for 8 min to ensure uniform distribution and avoid excessive loss of clove essential oil by volatilization to obtain a mixture 7; S17. Dissolve copper sulfate pentahydrate and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate in distilled water, pour the dissolved copper sulfate pentahydrate into the disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate solution, stir continuously, and adjust the pH value of the mixture to 5 using sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the molar ratio of copper sulfate pentahydrate to disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate is 1:1, to obtain chelated copper; S18. The chelated copper was sprayed into the mixture 7 and stirred at 67 rpm for 8 min to uniformly distribute the chelated copper in the system to prevent local high concentrations from toxic to plants to obtain a mixture 8; S19. Add the neem extract to the mixture 8, and stir at a speed of 67 rpm for 7 minutes to ensure that the neem extract can be evenly dispersed in the system to obtain an organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases.

[0030] Embodiment 5: A method for preparing an organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases, comprising the following steps: S1. After collecting fresh cow dung, spread it in a well-ventilated place with relatively less direct sunlight, and stir it regularly to reduce its moisture content to 28%. The treated cow dung was poured into a large mixing and stirring equipment in an amount of 46g at a stirring speed of 144rpm. S2. The sesame meal was crushed by a hammer mill to a particle size of 1.7 mm. This particle size helps it to better contact and react with other substances during subsequent fermentation and fertilizer use. The crushed sesame meal was added to a mixing and stirring device that was stirring cow dung in an amount of 23 g. During the stirring process, since the sesame meal was relatively light in texture and may have a certain fibrous nature, it was stirred at a speed of 144 rpm for 14 min to ensure that it was evenly mixed with the cow dung to avoid local agglomeration, and a mixture 1 was obtained; S3. The rice straw ash was sieved to remove large impurities which were not completely burned. The sieve mesh was 36 mesh to ensure that the texture of the rice straw ash was fine. 18g of rice straw ash was added to the mixture 1 to obtain a mixture 2; S4. 26g of phosphate rock powder, 31g of feldspar powder, 1.7g of borax, 2.6g of zinc sulfate, 13g of magnesium sulfate and 36g of limestone powder were mixed to obtain a mineral fertilizer; S5. Grind the mineral fertilizer to make it into a fine powder with a particle size of 0.9 mm, which is conducive to uniform distribution in the fertilizer. Take 13.8 g of the mineral fertilizer and add it to the mixture 2. Since the density of the mineral fertilizer is relatively large, it may settle at the bottom during stirring. Therefore, a circulating stirring method is adopted at a speed of 144 rpm for 11 minutes to ensure that it is evenly distributed in the entire mixing field, and a mixture 3 is obtained; S6. The Baihua Dan residue was dried at 48 ° C to reduce its moisture content to 14%. The dried Baihua residue was crushed to a particle size of 1.7 mm and added to the mixture 3 in an amount of 14 g. The Chinese medicine residue contains a variety of organic components and active substances with antibacterial and anthelmintic effects. During the mixing process, it should be fully stirred to make it fully contact with other raw materials. It was stirred at a speed of 144 rpm for 14 min to ensure that it was evenly distributed in the mixture to obtain a mixture 4; S7. 28g of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 28g of Bacillus licheniformis, 23g of Bacillus megaterium, 18g of Trichoderma harzianum and 18g of Trichoderma viride were mixed to obtain a microbial agent; S8. Add 7 g of the microbial agent to the mixture 4, reduce the stirring speed to 73 rpm, and stir for 7 min to prevent damage to the microorganisms caused by high-speed stirring, and ensure that the microbial agent is evenly distributed in the material to obtain a mixture 5; S9. Mix 32 mL of deionized water and 72 mL of acetone to obtain a composite solvent; S10. 3.2 g of wood powder and 54 mL of the composite solvent were added to an autoclave reactor, heated at 218 ° C for 2.4 h, extracted with 79 mL of dichloromethane at 38 ° C for 39 min, and then the obtained extract was collected by rotary evaporation and dried to obtain lignin powder; S11. 5.1 g of bark powder and 54 mL of the composite solvent were placed in a three-necked flask, heated at 52° C. for 2.4 h, filtered to obtain a tannin-rich liquid, and then the acetone was removed by evaporation, and 79 mL of deionized water was added to precipitate insoluble tannins, and then centrifuged and freeze-dried to obtain tannin powder; S12. 1.4 g of lignin oligomers and 1.6 g of tannin were dissolved in 14 mL of the composite solvent, and then placed in an ultrasonic tank, and 27 mL of deionized water was added using a constant flow pump, and the composite nanoparticles were collected by centrifugation and freeze drying; S13. 21 mL of tetrahydrofuran and 111.8 mg of triethylamine were dissolved in 25 mg of pentaerythritol at 0°C, 254 mg of 2-bromo-2-methylacryloyl bromide was added dropwise thereto, the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 23 h, and then methanol was used to quench the reaction. After the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, the obtained product was recrystallized to obtain material B; S14. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 41 mg of material B and 2.4 g of ethyl 2-(dimethylamino)methacrylate were dissolved in 9 mL of tetrahydrofuran, and 48 mg of cuprous bromide and 114 mg of N,N,N,N,N-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine were added. The mixture was sealed and reacted in an oil bath at 59° C. for 7 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled to remove tetrahydrofuran and purified to obtain an ethyl methacrylate polymer; S15. The lignin nanoparticles were dispersed in a polyvinyl pyrrolidone solution with a concentration of 0.9%, and ultrasonically dispersed for 14 minutes to obtain a dispersion 1. The ethyl methacrylate polymer was dispersed in ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed for 19 minutes to obtain a concentration of 24% to obtain a dispersion 2. The lignin nanoparticles and the ethyl methacrylate polymer were mixed in a mass ratio of 1.4:2.4 to obtain an additive, and the additive was added to the mixture 5, and stirred at a speed of 74 rpm for 9 minutes to uniformly disperse the additive in the material. The additive can improve the nutrient release characteristics of the fertilizer and enhance the stability of the fertilizer to obtain a mixture 6; S16. 1.4 g of thyme essential oil was added dropwise to 15 g of onion powder while stirring to allow the thyme essential oil to be adsorbed by the onion powder. The onion powder adsorbed with thyme essential oil was added to mixture 6 and stirred at 74 rpm for 7 min to ensure uniform distribution and avoid excessive loss of thyme essential oil by volatilization to obtain mixture 7. S17. dissolving manganese chloride tetrahydrate and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate in distilled water respectively, pouring the dissolved manganese chloride tetrahydrate into the disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate solution, stirring continuously, and adjusting the pH value of the mixture to 5-6 using sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the molar ratio of manganese chloride tetrahydrate to disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate is 1:1, to obtain chelated manganese; S18. The chelated manganese was sprayed into the mixture 7, and stirred at 74 rpm for 7 min to evenly distribute the chelated manganese in the system to prevent local high concentrations from toxic to plants, to obtain a mixture 8; S19. Add the neem extract to the mixture 8, and stir at a speed of 74 rpm for 6 minutes to ensure that the neem extract can be evenly dispersed in the system to obtain an organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases.

[0031] Example 6: A method for preparing an organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases, comprising the following steps: S1. After collecting fresh chicken manure, spread it in a well-ventilated place with relatively less direct sunlight, and stir it regularly to reduce its moisture content to 30%. The treated chicken manure is poured into a large mixing and stirring equipment in an amount of 50g at a stirring speed of 150rpm; S2. The sesame meal was crushed by a hammer mill to a particle size of 2 mm. Such a particle size helps it to better contact and react with other substances during subsequent fermentation and fertilizer use. The crushed plant residue was added to a mixing device that was stirring chicken manure in an amount of 25 g. During the stirring process, since the sesame meal was relatively light in texture and may have a certain fibrous nature, it was stirred at a speed of 150 rpm for 15 minutes to ensure that it was evenly mixed with the chicken manure to avoid local agglomeration, and a mixture 1 was obtained; S3 corn straw ash was sieved to remove large impurities which were not completely burned, the sieve mesh was 40 mesh, to ensure that the texture of corn straw ash was fine, 20g corn straw ash was added to the mixture 1 to obtain a mixture 2; S4. 30g of phosphate rock powder, 35g of feldspar powder, 2g of borax, 3g of zinc sulfate, 15g of magnesium sulfate and 40g of limestone powder were mixed to obtain a mineral fertilizer; S5. Grind the mineral fertilizer to make it into a fine powder with a particle size of 1 mm, which is conducive to uniform distribution in the fertilizer. Take 15g of the mineral fertilizer and add it to the mixture 2. Since the density of the mineral fertilizer is relatively large, it may settle at the bottom during stirring. Therefore, a circulating stirring method is adopted at a speed of 150rpm for 12 minutes to ensure that it is evenly distributed in the entire mixing field, and a mixture 3 is obtained; S6. The Tianpaozi residue was dried and dried at 50 ° C to reduce its moisture content to 15%. The dried Tianpaozi residue was crushed to a particle size of 2 mm and added to a mixture of 15 g in an amount of 3. The Chinese medicine residue contains a variety of organic ingredients and active substances with antibacterial and anthelmintic effects. During the mixing process, it should be fully stirred to make it fully contact with other raw materials, and stirred at a speed of 150 rpm for 15 min to ensure that it is evenly distributed in the mixture to obtain a mixture 4; S7. 30 g of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 30 g of Bacillus licheniformis, 25 g of Bacillus megaterium, 20 g of Trichoderma harzianum and 20 g of Trichoderma viride were mixed to obtain a microbial agent; S8. Add 8 g of the microbial agent to the mixture 4, reduce the stirring speed to 75 rpm, and stir for 8 min to prevent damage to the microorganisms caused by high-speed stirring, and ensure that the microbial agent is evenly distributed in the material to obtain a mixture 5; S9. Mix 33 mL of deionized water and 73 mL of acetone to obtain a composite solvent; S10. 3.5 g of wood powder and 55 mL of the composite solvent were added to an autoclave reactor, heated at 220 ° C for 2.5 h, extracted with 80 mL of dichloromethane at 40 ° C for 40 min, and then the obtained extract was collected by rotary evaporation and dried to obtain lignin powder; S11. 5.2 g of bark powder and 55 mL of the composite solvent were placed in a three-necked flask, heated at 53° C. for 2.5 h, filtered to obtain a tannin-rich liquid, and then the acetone was removed by evaporation, and 80 mL of deionized water was added to precipitate insoluble tannins, and then centrifuged and freeze-dried to obtain tannin powder; S12. 1.5 g of lignin oligomers and 1.7 g of tannin were dissolved in 15 mL of the composite solvent, and then placed in an ultrasonic tank, and 28 mL of deionized water was added using a constant flow pump, and the composite nanoparticles were collected by centrifugation and freeze drying; S13. 22 mL of tetrahydrofuran and 112 mg of triethylamine were dissolved in 26 mg of pentaerythritol at 0°C, 255 mg of 2-bromo-2-methylacryloyl bromide was added dropwise thereto, the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 24 h, and then methanol was used to quench the reaction. After the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, the obtained product was recrystallized to obtain material B; S14. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 42 mg of material B and 2.5 g of ethyl 2-(dimethylamino)methacrylate were dissolved in 10 mL of tetrahydrofuran, and 49 mg of cuprous bromide and 115 mg of N,N,N,N,N-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine were added. The mixture was sealed and reacted in an oil bath at 60°C for 7 h. After the reaction was completed, the tetrahydrofuran was removed by cooling and purified to obtain an ethyl methacrylate polymer. S15. The lignin nanoparticles were dispersed in a polyvinyl pyrrolidone solution with a concentration of 1%, and ultrasonically dispersed for 15 minutes to obtain a dispersion 1. The ethyl methacrylate polymer was dispersed in ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed for 20 minutes to obtain a concentration of 25% to obtain a dispersion 2. The lignin nanoparticles and the ethyl methacrylate polymer were mixed in a mass ratio of 1.5:2.5 to obtain an additive, and the additive was added to the mixture 5, and stirred at a speed of 75 rpm for 10 minutes to uniformly disperse the additive in the material. The additive can improve the nutrient release characteristics of the fertilizer and enhance the stability of the fertilizer to obtain a mixture 6; S16. 1.5 g of rosemary essential oil was added dropwise to 16 g of mugwort powder while stirring to adsorb the rosemary essential oil to the mugwort powder. The mugwort powder adsorbed with rosemary essential oil was added to mixture 6 and stirred at a speed of 75 rpm for 8 min to ensure uniform distribution and avoid excessive loss of rosemary essential oil by volatilization to obtain mixture 7. S17. Dissolve copper sulfate pentahydrate and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate in distilled water, pour the dissolved copper sulfate pentahydrate into the disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate solution, stir continuously, and adjust the pH value of the mixture to 5-6 using sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the molar ratio of copper sulfate pentahydrate to disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate is 1:1, to obtain chelated copper; S18. The chelated copper was sprayed into the mixture 7 and stirred at 75 rpm for 8 min to uniformly distribute the chelated copper in the system to prevent local high concentrations from toxic to plants to obtain a mixture 8; S19. Add the derris extract to the mixture 8, and stir at a rotation speed of 75 rpm for 7 minutes to ensure that the derris extract can be evenly dispersed in the system to obtain an organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases.

[0032] Comparative Example 1: Compared with Example 1, no additives were added during the preparation of the organic compound fertilizer for controlling spring rapeseed diseases and insect pests in this comparative example. The remaining steps and parameters were the same and will not be repeated in this comparative example. Finally, an organic compound fertilizer for controlling spring rapeseed diseases and insect pests was obtained.

[0033] Comparative Example 2: Compared with Example 1, this comparative example does not add lignin nanoparticles during the preparation of the organic compound fertilizer for controlling spring rapeseed diseases and insect pests. The remaining steps and parameters are the same and will not be repeated in this comparative example. Finally, an organic compound fertilizer for controlling spring rapeseed diseases and insect pests is obtained.

[0034] Comparative Example 3: Compared with Example 1, this comparative example does not add ethyl methacrylate polymer during the preparation process of the organic compound fertilizer for controlling spring rapeseed diseases and insect pests. The remaining steps and parameters are the same and will not be repeated in this comparative example. Finally, an organic compound fertilizer for controlling spring rapeseed diseases and insect pests is obtained.

[0035] Comparative Example 4: Compared with Example 1, this comparative example only replaces the "ethyl methacrylate polymer" with a "straight-chain ethyl methacrylate polymer of equal molecular weight", and the remaining steps and parameters are the same, which will not be repeated in this comparative example. Finally, an organic compound fertilizer for controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases is obtained.

[0036] Comparative Example 5: Compared with Example 1, this comparative example only replaces the "lignin nano ions" with "equal amounts of lignin powder and tannin powder", and the remaining steps and parameters are the same, which will not be repeated in this comparative example. Finally, an organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases is obtained.

[0037] Comparative Example 6: Compared with Example 1, this comparative example only adjusts the dosage of "lignin nanoparticles" from "0.8g" to "5g", and the remaining steps and parameters are the same, which will not be repeated in this comparative example. Finally, an organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases is obtained.

[0038] Performance test: The organic compound fertilizers for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases prepared in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 were subjected to the following performance tests: Disease control test: Experimental field setting: Select spring rapeseed planting plots with basically the same soil fertility, topography, irrigation conditions, etc., set up 3 groups of replicates, and the area of ​​each replicate is not less than 100 square meters; Planting and management: Field management operations such as sowing, watering, and weeding were carried out according to the conventional planting methods of local spring rapeseed to ensure that the management measures of each group of experimental fields were exactly the same; Data recording and analysis: During the flowering period of rapeseed, a comprehensive survey was conducted on each experimental field, and the diseased plants were divided into different levels according to the degree of disease (e.g., level 0: disease-free; level 1: the area of ​​lesions accounts for less than 10% of the leaf area; level 2: the area of ​​lesions accounts for 10%-25% of the leaf area; level 3: the area of ​​lesions accounts for 25%-50% of the leaf area; level 4: the area of ​​lesions accounts for more than 50% of the leaf area), and the percentage of the area of ​​lesions to the leaf area was calculated and recorded as the degree of disease (%); Pest Control Test: Experimental field setting: Select spring rapeseed planting plots with basically the same soil fertility, topography, irrigation conditions, etc., set up 3 groups of replicates, and the area of ​​each replicate is not less than 100 square meters; Planting and management: Field management operations such as sowing, watering, and weeding were carried out according to the conventional planting methods of local spring rapeseed to ensure that the management measures of each group of experimental fields were exactly the same; Data recording and analysis: During the seedling stage of rapeseed, a fixed-point sampling survey was conducted by taking 5 sampling points per 100 square meters. In each sampling point, 20 rapeseed plants were randomly selected, and the number of aphids on each rapeseed plant was carefully checked and recorded. The average number of aphids at each sampling point was calculated, and then the number of aphids in the entire experimental field was obtained. The survey was repeated 14 days after fertilization to calculate the insect population reduction rate; Measurement of plant height and stem diameter of spring rapeseed: During the flowering period of rapeseed, 30 rapeseed plants were randomly selected from different areas of each experimental field (e.g., using the five-point sampling method), and the height of each rapeseed plant from the ground to the top of the plant was measured with a ruler, accurate to 0.1 cm, and the data were recorded. The stem diameter was measured at the base of the plant with a vernier caliper, with the measuring position perpendicular to the growth direction of the stem, accurate to 0.1 mm, and the data were recorded; Determination of chlorophyll content in spring rapeseed leaves: During the flowering period of rapeseed, 20 rapeseed plants were selected in each test field. The 3rd to 5th leaves at the top of each plant were selected. The chlorophyll content in the middle of the leaves, i.e., SPAD value, was measured using a chlorophyll meter. The data were recorded and the average value was calculated. The chlorophyll content reflects the photosynthesis capacity of rapeseed leaves. By comparing the data, the effect of fertilizer on rapeseed photosynthesis was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1

[0039] Data Analysis: As can be seen from Table 1, the organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling diseases and insect pests of spring rapeseed prepared by the present invention has a lower incidence, a higher insect population reduction rate, a higher plant height, a thicker stem and a higher chlorophyll content. This may be because the diversified raw material composition in the present invention provides rich and comprehensive nutrients. Livestock and poultry manure, plant residues, wood ash and mineral fertilizers can supply nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other macroelements for the growth of spring rapeseed, meet its nutrient needs at different growth stages, promote the healthy growth of plants, and improve the yield and quality of rapeseed. For example, it can increase the plumpness and oil content of rapeseed; chelated trace elements The presence of elements helps solve the problem of low effectiveness of trace elements in the soil, can be absorbed and utilized by rapeseed more efficiently, prevent poor growth and development, leaf yellowing and other phenomena caused by trace element deficiency, and enhance rapeseed's stress resistance and physiological functions; the addition of microbial agents can improve the soil microbial environment, compete with harmful pathogens for living space and nutrients, inhibit the growth and reproduction of pathogens, effectively prevent a variety of soil-borne diseases, such as rapeseed root rot, reduce morbidity, and reduce production losses caused by diseases; plant essential oils and plant-based insect repellents have natural insect repellent and insect prevention effects, and can repel or kill pests that harm spring rapeseed , such as aphids and cabbage worms, to prevent pests from gnawing on leaves, stems and other tissues, protect the integrity of rapeseed plants, ensure the normal progress of physiological processes such as photosynthesis, and thus promote the healthy growth and development of rapeseed; plant-based insect repellent powder further enhances the defense against pests, forms multiple insect-proof barriers, reduces the use of chemical pesticides, reduces the risk of pesticide residues, is conducive to the production of green and environmentally friendly spring rapeseed products, and meets the requirements of sustainable agricultural development; organic materials such as livestock and poultry manure, plant residues, etc. can increase the content of soil organic matter after decomposition in the soil, improve soil structure, make the soil more loose and breathable, and increase its water and fertilizer retention capacity. Strong, creating a good soil environment for the growth of spring rapeseed roots, which is beneficial to the root system's absorption of nutrients and water, and is also beneficial to the reproduction of beneficial microorganisms in the soil; in addition to providing potassium, wood ash can also regulate soil pH, making the soil more suitable for the growth of spring rapeseed. For some acidic soil areas, it helps to improve the effectiveness of soil fertility and reduce the adverse effects of soil acidification on rapeseed growth; additives composed of lignin nanoparticles and ethyl methacrylate polymers may have a certain adsorption and fixation effect on pollutants such as heavy metals in the soil, reduce their biological effectiveness, and reduce harm to rapeseed and soil ecosystems.

[0040] Moreover, the lignin nanoparticles in the additive are lignin-tannin self-assembled nanoparticles. The lignin-tannin self-assembled nanoparticles have a complex three-dimensional network structure and are compounded with a four-arm star-shaped ethyl methacrylate polymer with a unique star-shaped structure. Multiple sites in the polymer can adsorb and encapsulate various ions and chelated trace elements in mineral fertilizers to release them slowly, preventing them from dissolving and losing quickly in the soil. At the same time, it can also prevent the waste of nutrients and damage to plants caused by a one-time large-scale release. When the nutrient concentration in the soil environment around the roots of spring rapeseed decreases, the encapsulated nutrients can be released continuously and stably, thereby meeting the nutrient needs of spring rapeseed at different growth stages and improving fertilizer utilization. The four-arm star-shaped ethyl methacrylate polymer can also react with organic matter such as livestock and poultry manure and plant residues to prevent Its excessive decomposition and deterioration, at the same time, the four-arm star-shaped ethyl methacrylate polymer can also provide a certain protection for the microbial agent, reducing the adverse effects of external environmental factors on the activity of microorganisms in the microbial agent; the lignin-tannin self-assembled nanoparticles also have certain colloidal properties, which can be adsorbed on the surface of soil particles, improve the soil aggregation structure, increase the soil porosity, and improve the soil air permeability and water permeability. At the same time, the four-arm star-shaped ethyl methacrylate polymer is compounded, which can fill the gaps between some of the soils, making the soil structure tighter without losing air permeability, and can also reduce water loss, increase the water retention of the soil, which is beneficial to the growth, respiration and absorption of water and nutrients by the roots of spring rapeseed, and this change in aggregation structure can help the survival and activity of microorganisms in the microbial agent, creating favorable conditions for the growth of spring rapeseed.

[0041] In addition, the lignin-tannin self-assembled nanoparticles in the additive can also shield strong ultraviolet rays and effectively reduce the decomposition of other allergic pesticide components in the fertilizer. The ethyl methacrylate polymer in the compound additive can shield ultraviolet rays while ensuring the effective photosynthesis of spring rapeseed. The presence of a small amount of four-arm star-shaped ethyl methacrylate polymer can also reduce the particle size of the effective ingredients in the system, thereby nano-izing them. The systemicity and efficacy of the nano-sized effective ingredients are improved, that is, they are more easily absorbed by the leaves of spring rapeseed, etc., which kills pests when they swallow the leaves of spring rapeseed. Multiple mechanisms are used to prevent and control pests and diseases, greatly increasing the prevention and control effect.

[0042] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present invention is limited to these examples. Under the concept of the present invention, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the present invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity.

[0043] The present invention is intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling diseases and insect pests of spring rapeseed, characterized in that: The raw materials include: 30-50 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 15-25 parts of plant residues, 10-20 parts of plant ash, 9-15 parts of mineral fertilizers, 10-15 parts of Chinese medicine residues, 3-8 parts of microbial agents, 0.5-1.5 parts of plant essential oils, 8-16 parts of plant insect repellent powder, 2-5 parts of chelated trace elements, 0.8-2.5 parts of plant-derived insect repellents, and 2-4 parts of additives; The additive is obtained by mixing lignin nanoparticles and ethyl methacrylate polymer in a mass ratio of 0.8-1.5:1.2-2.

5.

2. The organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation process of the lignin nanoparticles is as follows: Step A1. Add wood powder and composite solvent into an autoclave reactor, heat at 210-220°C for 2-2.5h, extract with dichloromethane at 30-40°C for 30-40min, collect the obtained extract by rotary evaporation, and dry to obtain lignin powder; Step A2. The bark powder and the composite solvent are placed in a three-necked flask, heated at 48-53° C. for 2-2.5 hours, filtered to obtain a tannin-rich liquid, and then the acetone is removed by evaporation, and deionized water is added to precipitate insoluble tannins, and then centrifuged and freeze-dried to obtain tannin powder; Step A3. dissolving lignin oligomers and tannins in a composite solvent, placing the mixture in an ultrasonic bath, adding deionized water using a constant flow pump, and collecting composite nanoparticles by centrifugation and freeze drying; The volume ratio of deionized water to acetone in the composite solvent is 28-33:68-73; The usage ratio of the wood powder, the composite solvent and the dichloromethane in step A1 is 2.8-3.5 g: 47-55 mL: 75-80 mL; The bark powder, the composite solvent and the deionized water in step A2 are used in a ratio of 4.8-5.2 g: 47-55 mL: 75-80 mL; The mass ratio of the lignin oligomer, tannin, composite solvent and deionized water in step A3 is 1-1.5 g: 1.2-1.7 g: 10-15 mL: 25-28 mL.

3. The organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation process of the ethyl methacrylate polymer is as follows: Step B1. Tetrahydrofuran and triethylamine were dissolved in pentaerythritol at 0°C, 2-bromo-2-methylacryloyl bromide was added dropwise thereto, and the reaction was quenched with methanol after stirring at room temperature for 22-24 hours. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the resulting product was recrystallized to obtain material B; Step B2. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, material B and ethyl 2-(dimethylamino)methacrylate were dissolved in tetrahydrofuran, and cuprous bromide and N,N,N,N,N-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine were added. The mixture was sealed and reacted in an oil bath at 58-60°C for 7 hours. After the reaction, the tetrahydrofuran was removed by cooling and purified to obtain an ethyl methacrylate polymer. The usage ratio of tetrahydrofuran, triethylamine, pentaerythritol and 2-bromo-2-methylacryloyl bromide in step B1 is 18-22 mL: 110-112 mg: 24-26 mg: 250-255 mg; The usage ratio of material B, 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate, tetrahydrofuran, cuprous bromide and N,N,N,N,N-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine in step B2 is 38-42 mg: 2-2.5 g: 6-10 mL: 43-49 mg: 105-115 mg.

4. The organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that: The livestock and poultry manure is any one of fully decomposed cow manure, sheep manure, pig manure and chicken manure; The plant residue is any one of soybean meal, rapeseed meal, cottonseed meal, peanut meal and sesame meal.

5. The organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wood ash is any one of wheat straw ash, rice straw ash and corn straw ash; The mineral fertilizer is obtained by mixing phosphate rock powder, potassium feldspar powder, borax, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate and limestone powder in a mass ratio of 10-30:15-35:0.5-2:1-3:5-15:20-40.

6. The organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Chinese medicine residue is any one or more of Astragalus root residue, Arisaema root residue, Sophora flavescens residue, Herba Pilosulae residue, Phellodendron chinense residue and Fructus Trichosanthis residue; The microbial agent is obtained by mixing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus megaterium, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride in a mass ratio of 20-30:20-30:15-25:10-20:10-20.

7. The organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plant essential oil is any one of azadirachtin essential oil, peppermint essential oil, garlic essential oil, clove essential oil, lavender essential oil, thyme essential oil and rosemary essential oil.

8. The organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plant-based insect-proof powder is any one of pyrethrum powder, tobacco powder, neem powder, neem bark powder, derris powder, garlic powder, onion powder and mugwort powder; The chelated trace element is any one of chelated iron, chelated zinc, chelated manganese and chelated copper.

9. The organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plant-based insect repellent is any one of neem extract, pyrethrum extract, tobacco extract, chinaberry extract and derris vine extract.

10. The method for preparing the organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1. Mixing raw materials: first, evenly mix livestock and poultry manure, plant residues, wood ash, mineral fertilizers and Chinese medicine residues, then add microbial agents and additives, and finally add plant essential oils, plant insect repellent powder, chelated trace elements and plant-based insect repellents to obtain a mixture; Step S2. Granulation: Granulate the mixed material to obtain fertilizer granules Step S3. Drying: Dry the fertilizer particles at 40-60° C. to reduce the moisture content to 10%-15%, thereby obtaining an organic compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling spring rapeseed pests and diseases.

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